ESTIMATING AND CALCULATING QUANTITIES (PART 2)

EXAMPLE IN ESTIMATING

1. Following the rules and suggestions already given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, the estimate for a house will be made as a practical example, the drawings on which it is based being shown in the accompanying plates. In making the estimate, the various portions of the work are taken in the order in which they naturally occur in the erection of the building, following, as closely as possible, the estimating schedule heretofore given.

As far as possible, the figures given in the example should be checked up by taking off quantities and performing all the indicated work. It is only by actually making the calculations that any practical benefit from the work will be derived. No two estimators, working separately, will arrive at exactly the same results; therefore, in following the calculations in this example, some discrepancies between the figures of the person performing the estimating and the ones given will no doubt be found. These discrepancies should not be important ones, however, and by carefully studying the methods followed, results substantially the same as those computed here should be obtained.

EXCAVATION

2. In calculating the cubic yards of earth excavated for the cellar, all measurements are taken from the foundation plan and the sections. The plan is blocked out as shown in the accompanying Cellar Plan, and the area of each block found; then, by multiplying the sum of these partial areas by the depth of the cellar, the cubic contents is determined. The trenches for the foundation walls of porches and for the footings of cellar walls are calculated separately, as also are the excavations for piers, drains, cesspools, area, etc.

Cellar Excavation

Square Feet Cubic Feet

Quantities

Block A, 23' 4" × 16' 4" 381.0

Block B, 14' 6" × 20' 10" 302.0

Deduct 4" × 3' 0" 1.0

Add for projection of wall, (13' 6" + 7') ÷ 2 × 3' = 30.8 331.8

Block C, 27' 6" × 17' 5" 479.0

Deduct for breaks in wall, 1' 7" × 6' 8" and 2' 6" × 3' 18.0 461.0

Block D, 26' 6" × 10' 5½" 277.2

Block E, 16' 8" × 11' 6½" 192.4

Deduct for breaks in wall, 6' 6" × 1' 11" and 3' × 5" 13.7 178.7

[2] Block F, 9' 10" × 9' 7½" ÷ 2 47.3

[3] Block G, 14' × 14' × .7854 ÷ 2 77.0

Deduct for portion of semicircular part,

included in F, 12" × 14' approximately 14.0 63.0

Total area of excavation 1,740.0

Contents, 1,740 sq. ft. × 6.5 ft. (depth) 11,311.0

Excavation for Wall Footings [4]

Square Feet Cubic Feet

Quantities

a b, 26' × 2' 6" 65.0

b c, 5' 6" × 3' 16.5

c d, 9' 9" × 2' 6" 24.4

d e, 17' 6" × 2' 6" 43.7

e f, 27' 4" × 2' 6" 68.3

f g, 9' 2" × 3' 8" 33.6

g h, 21' × 2' 6" 52.5

i j, 27' 7" × 2' 6" 69.0

j a, 31' × 2' 6" 77.5

k l, 20' 2" × 2' 6" 50.4

Chimney, 12' 6" × 4' (approximately) 50

Deductions 10.4 39.6

q r, 16' 4" × 1' 10" 29.9

r s, 9' 2" × 1' 10" 16.8

m n (less openings), 7' 9" × 2' 6" 19.4

o p, 20' × 1' 10" 36.7

Total area of excavation for footings 643.3

Contents, 643.3 sq. ft. × 10 in. (.833 ft.) depth 535.9

Miscellaneous Excavations [5]

Cubic Feet

Quantities

Front porch, 69' 9" × 2' 3" × 3' 470.8

Back porch, 24' × 2' 4" × 3' 168.0

Piers for steps, 1' 8" × 2' × 3' × 2 20.0

Piers for side steps and back porch, 2' × 2' × 3' × 4 48.0

Cellar area, 5' 9" × 6' 4" × 6' 6" 236.7

Deduct 2' × 3' × 6' 6" 39.0 197.7

Dry cesspool, 6 ft. diameter × 6 ft. depth 169.6

Cesspool, 6 ft. diameter × 8 ft. depth 226.2

Trench for pipe to cesspool, 25' × 7' 6" × 2' 375.0

Trench for drain pipes (roof drainage), 228' × 3' × 1' 684.0

Trench for drain pipes from junction to dry cesspool,

20' × 3' × 18" 90.0

Total 2,449.3

Grand total of excavation 14,296.2

Filling

Cubic Feet

Quantities

Around foundation walls, 181' 2" × 6" × 6' 6" 588.8

Around foundation of porches, etc., 142' 3" × 6" × 3' 213.4

Total filling 802.2

Cost

The cost of excavation in sandy soil, taken from Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, is 53 cents per cubic yard. The cost of filling, including tamping, may be taken as about one-third that of excavation, or, say, 18 cents per cubic yard.

Summary

Excavation, 14,296.2 cu. ft. = 529.5 cu. yd.,

at 53 cents per cubic yard $280.64

Filling, 802.2 cu. ft. = 29.7 cu. yd.,

at 18 cents per cubic yard 5.35

Total cost of excavation and filling $285.99

STONEWORK

3. The foundation walls are built of rubble masonry to the sill at the grade line, and from this sill to the water-table they are built of ashlar with rubble backing, except those portions behind porches and steps, which are wholly rubble. The estimate for stonework also includes the concrete for footings and cellar floor; the number of cubic feet of concrete required for the footings will be found by referring to the item Excavation for Wall Footings.

Rubble Masonry

Cubic Feet

Quantities[6]

Cellar walls, 181' 2" × 1' 6" × 6' 6" 1,766.4

Add for extra thickness over 1' 6":

5" × 6' 3" × 6' 6" 16.9

1' 2" × 10' 8" × 6' 6" 80.9 97.8

[7]Foundation walls for front porch:

74' 6" × 1' 8" × 1' 9" 217.3

74' 6" × 1' 2" × 9" 65.2 282.5

Foundation for steps:

2 piers, 1' 6" × 1' 8" × 2' 6" 12.5

2 piers, 2' x 1' 6" × 2' 6" 15.0 27.5

Stone footings under porch foundations,

74' 6" × 2' 3" × 6" 83.8

Backing for ashlar and water-table,

79' 10" × 1' (average) × 3' 239.5

Rubble wall behind porches,

101' 4" × 1' 6" × 3' (approximately) 456.0

[8]Foundation walls, rear porch,

26' 10" × 1' 6" × 2' 6" 100.6

Footings, walls rear porch, 26' 10" × 2' 4" × 6" 31.3

Area walls, 13' 9" × 1' × 6' 6" 89.4

Stone footing for area walls, 13' 9" × 1' 9" × 6" 12.0

Piers, 1' 6" × 1' 6" × 2' 6" × 2 11.3

Pier footings, 2' × 2' × 6" × 4 8.0

Pier footings, 2' × 1' 9" × 6" × 2 3.5

Total rubble masonry 3,209.2

Cost

The cost of the rubble masonry based on the analysis given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, using 1-3 Portland cement mortar, is $5.23 per perch.

Summary

From the foregoing calculation, the quantity of rubble masonry is 3,209.2 cu. ft. Taking 25 cu. ft. to 1 perch, 3,209.2 ÷ 25 = 128.4 perches, which at $5.23 per perch makes the total cost of rubble masonry $671.53.

Ashlar[9]

Square Feet

Quantities

Facing for cellar walls, 79' 10" × 2' 2" 173.0

Porch piers, 29' 6" × 1' 6" 43.9

Total ashlar 216.9

Cost

The estimated cost of ashlar is based on the following analysis of the cost of 1 square foot of ashlar:

Cost of stone, bluestone facing $.40

Hauling stone .03

Mortar .01

Labor, estimating 64 square feet per day of 8 hours,

for two masons and one laborer:

Two masons, at $3.20 per day .10

One laborer at $2 per day .03

Cost per square foot $.57

Summary

From the foregoing quantities, the ashlar amounts to 216.9 square feet, which, at 57 cents per square foot, will make the total cost of ashlar $123.63.

Cut Stone

Cost Per Foot Total Cost

Quantities and Cost

Base, or ground sill, extending around

porches (except under stone steps) and

along exposed main walls, 172 ft., 5" × 11"

and 5" × 13" dressed and chamfered sandstone $1.00 $172.00

Water-table, extending around main walls, 181 ft. 2 in.,

6" × 10" dressed and chamfered sandstone .85 153.99

Lintel course, extending over brick walls,

125 ft., 6" × 10" dressed sandstone .85 106.25

Twelve dressed sandstone window sills, cut

with lug and drip, 55¾ ft., 5" × 8" .65 36.24

Cut-stone jambs and lintel for main door,

21½ ft., 10" × 12", sandstone 1.75 37.63

One front door sill, 5¾ ft., 6" × 10", sandstone 1.10 6.33

Coping on area walls, 9 ft., 3" × 16", sandstone .60 5.40

Front and side porch steps, 59 ft., 8" × 12",

8" × 12", dressed sandstone 1.25 73.75

Eight bluestone steps for cellar,

outside entrance, 4' × 12" × 2" .35 11.20

Bluestone lintel for kitchen fireplace, 6' × 12" × 6" 1.20 7.20

Cut stone for main chimney 25.00

Cost to set cut stone, 20 per cent. 127.00

Total cost of cut stone $761.99

Concrete Footings and Floor

Quantities Cubic Yard

Footings, as per Excavation for Wall Footings,

535.9 cu. ft. ÷ 27 19.8

Square Feet Square Yard

Concrete floor:

Area of cellar excavation 1,740.0

Deduct area of footings 643.3

1,096.7

Add for 6-inch strip over inner projection

of wall footings, 165' × 6" 82.5

Add for projection on both sides of interior

walls, 126' × 6" 63.0

Add for projection over chimney footing,

33' × 6" 16.5

Total area of concrete floor 1,258.7 = 139.9

Cost

The estimate for concrete footings is based on the analyses of costs given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, and is $5.10 per cubic yard for a 1-3-5 mixture.

The estimate for the concrete floor is arrived at as follows:

The concrete will be a 1-3-6 mixture. According to Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, this mixture costs $4.92 per cubic yard. According to the same section, 25 cents must be added to this cost for extra labor, bringing the total up to $5.17 per cubic yard. If the concrete floor is 4 inches thick, the cost per square yard will be ⁴/₃₆ × 5.17 = 57 cents, approximately. The top coat, according to Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, is 40 cents. Therefore, the total cost of the concrete floor per square yard is 57 + 40 = 97 cents.

Summary

Footing concrete, as per foregoing figures,

19.8 cu. yd. at $5.10 per cubic yard $100.98

Concrete floor, 139.9 sq. yd.

at 97 cents per square yard 135.70

Total cost of concrete $236.68

Recapitulation of Cost of Stonework

Rubble masonry $ 671.53

Ashlar masonry 123.63

Cut stone 761.99

Concrete footings and floor 236.68

Total cost of stonework $1,793.83

BRICKWORK

4. In estimating the brickwork, openings have been deducted, thus practically giving “kiln count,” so that the analyses of prices given heretofore will apply. If openings had not been deducted, the prices would be 15 per cent. lower.

Pressed Brick

Quantities No. Brick

Facing exterior walls, same length as stone

lintel course, 125' × 8' = 1,000 sq. ft. at

7½ bricks per square foot 7,500

Deduct for Openings: Square Feet No. Brick

Nine windows, total width 32' X 6' 6" high 208.0

Two casement windows, total width

7' 4" × 8' high 58.7

One lavatory window, total width

2' X 6" × 5' 6" 13.8

Main door, 5' 5" × 8' 9" 47.4

Total deductions 327.9

327.9 × 7½ = 2,459

Number of brick 5,041

Add 5 per cent. for waste 252

Total pressed brick 5,293

Cost

The cost of pressed brickwork is based on the analysis given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, and is $53.71 per thousand.

Summary

From the preceding estimate of quantities, the

number of pressed brick laid is 5,041, which,

at $53.71 per M, will cost $270.75

Pressed brick, not laid, 252, at $30 per M 7.56

Total cost of pressed brickwork $278.31

Common Brick

Quantities No. Brick

Backing exterior pressed-brick walls, 8½ in. thick,

5,041 × 2 = 10,082

Backing behind lintel course,

9" X 125' × 8" at 15 brick per sq. ft. 1,406

Interior cellar walls, 28' 4" × 8' = 226.7 sq. ft.

(17-inch wall) at 30 brick per square foot 6,801

Deduct for three openings, 12' 3" total width

× 6' 6" height = 79.6 sq. ft. at 30 brick per square foot 2,388 4,413

Interior wall, 8½" thick, 43' 9" × 8', 350 sq. ft.

at 15 brick per square foot 5,250

Chimney, principal (flues figured solid), approximately

920 cu. ft., at 22½ brick per cubic foot 20,700

Chimney, rear, approximately 245 cu. ft.,

at 22½ brick per cubic foot 5,513

Trap pits, 46 sq. ft., at 7½ brick per square foot 345

46,303

Add 5 per cent. for waste 2,315

Total common brick 48,618

Cost

The cost of the common brickwork is based on the analysis given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, and is $16.68 per thousand for lime-cement mortar.

Summary

According to the estimate of quantities,

the number of common brick laid is 46,303,

which, at $16.68, will cost $ 772.33

Common bricks, not laid, 2,315, at $8 18.52

Molded brick and terra-cotta cap for rear chimney 10.00

Total cost of common brickwork $ 800.85

Recapitulation of Cost of Brickwork

Pressed brickwork $ 278.31

Common brickwork 800.85

Total cost of brickwork $1,079.16

CARPENTRY

5. In estimating carpentry work, it is advisable to make a tabulated list of the various sizes of joists, rafters, etc., giving the number and dimensions of each size. In this way, any error in calculation or change in price can be corrected with little difficulty.

As house-framing timbers and boards are sold at the yards in even lengths, as 10 feet, 12 feet, 14 feet, etc., uneven, or odd, measurements must be figured in even lengths from which they can be cut. Thus, if a stick 14 feet 7 inches in length is required, a 16-foot stick must be ordered.

Usually, the price per thousand feet, board measure, increases as longer sticks are used, although the practice varies in different localities. For example, in most localities hemlock timber in 10-, 12-, or 14-foot lengths is all one price per thousand, but a thousand feet, board measure, of 16-foot lengths costs more, and 18-foot lengths is still more expensive. The price of yellow pine, spruce, fir, etc. is usually constant up to 20-foot lengths, but from that length on the prices increase. The price of white-pine boards in most localities increases with their width. The hardwoods can be usually obtained in any reasonable length, the price increasing with the quality of the lumber more than with the length of the stick.

It can thus be seen that in house framing it is usually cheaper to use short sticks than long ones. However, for long members, a long stick is cheaper, because the extra cost that would be incurred in splicing two short sticks would more than offset the cheapness of the material. Of course, when very long sticks are required, say sticks 30 feet or more in length, a splice is cheaper, owing to the difficulty of obtaining them and their very excessive price.

No set rules can be laid down as to what size timber should be ordered, and every architect and builder should be governed by the prices in the locality where the house is to be put up.

Floor Framing, First Story

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Joists, 3" × 10"; 2½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

6 pieces, each 14' 6", order 16' 96

2 pieces, each 15' 3", order 16' 32

1 piece, 16' 3", order 18' 18

5 pieces, each 17' 6", order 18' 90

1 piece, 12' 6", order 14' 14

6 pieces, each 11' 0", order 12' 72

1 piece, 9' 6", order 10' 10

18 pieces, each 14', order 14' 252

1 piece, 11' 6", order 12' 12

3 pieces, each 10' 6", order 12' 36

1 piece, 9' 4", order 10' 10

6 pieces, each 24', order 24' 144

1 piece, 11' 4", order 12' 12

2 pieces, each 20' 6", order 22' 44

6 pieces, each 20', order 20' 120

4 pieces, each 21', order 22' 88

2 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 14

2 pieces, each 13', order 14' 28

1 piece, 10', order 10' 10

Total 1,102 2,755

Floor Framing, Second Story

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Girder, 6" × 12"; 6 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

1 piece, 8' 9", order 10' 10 60

Joists, 2" × 10"; 1⅔ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

15 pieces, each 14', order 14' 210

2 pieces, each 15' 6", order 16' 32

5 pieces, each 17', order 18' 90

3 pieces, each 15', order 16' 48

14 pieces, each 16', order 16' 224

2 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 14

2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20

4 pieces, each 11', order 12' 48

7 pieces, each 24', order 24' 168

3 pieces, each 20' 6", order 22' 66

4 pieces, each 12' 6", order 14' 56

2 pieces, each 13' 6", order 14 28

Total 1,004 1,673

Joists, 3" × 10"; 2½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

(Headers) 2 pieces, each 8' 9", order 10' 20

2 pieces, each 6', cut out of 12' 12

5 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 50

11 pieces, each 19' 6", order 20' 220

302 755

Floor Framing, Attic

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Joists, 2" × 10"; 1⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

15 pieces, each 14', order 14' 210

2 pieces, each 15' 6", order 16' 32

5 pieces, each 17', order 18' 90

3 pieces, each 15', order 16' 48

14 pieces, each 16', order 16' 224

2 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 14

2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20

4 pieces, each 11', order 12' 48

7 pieces, each 24', order 24' 168

3 pieces, each 20' 6", order 22' 66

4 pieces, each 12' 6", order 14' 56

2 pieces, each 13' 6", order 14' 28

Total 1,004 1,673

Joists, 3" × 10"; 2½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

2 pieces, each 8' 9", order 10' 20

2 pieces, each 6', cut out of 12' 12

5 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 50

11 pieces, each 19' 6", order 20' 220

Total 302 755

Floor Framing, Front Porch

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Joists, 3" × 9"; 2¼ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

3 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 21

1 piece, 6' 9", cut out of 14' 7

2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20

1 piece, 8' 6", order 10' 10

Total 58 131

Joists, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

2 pieces, each 21' 6", order 22' 44

2 pieces, each 19' 3", order 20' 40

4 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 32

1 piece, 10' 3", order 12' 12

6 pieces, each 9', order 10' 60

2 pieces, each 4' 6", cut out of 10' 10

5 pieces, each 6', cut out of 12' 30

3 pieces, each 2', cut out of 12' 6

4 pieces, each 5', cut out of 10' 20

3 pieces, each 9', order 10' 30

Total 284 284

Floor Framing, Back Porches

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Joists, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

2 pieces, each 21', order 22' 44

3 pieces, each 8', order 8' 24

Total 68 68

Joists, 3" X 6"; 1½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

[10]5 pieces, each 5' 9", cut out of 12' 36

12 pieces, each 6' 9", cut out of 14' 84

1 piece, 8' 6", order 10' 10

2 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 8' 8

Total 138 207

Bridging

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

First floor, 170 pieces, each 1' 6" 255

Second floor, 138 pieces, each 1' 6" 207

Third floor, 138 pieces, each 1' 6" 207

Total 669 446

Main-Roof Framing[11]

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Rafters, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

15 pieces, each 20', order 20' 300

14 pieces, each 19' 3", order 20' 280

1 piece, 18', order 18' 18

2 pieces, each 16', order 16' 32

2 pieces, each 14', order 14' 28

1 piece, 13' 4", order 14' 14

3 pieces, each 10' 6", order 12' 36

3 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 30

1 piece, 6' 9", order 8' 8

3 pieces, each 5', cut out of 16' 16

3 pieces, each 3', cut out of 10' 10

4 pieces, each 17', order 18' 72

1 piece, 12' 6", order 14' 14

1 piece, 10' 9", order 12' 12

2 pieces, each 9', order 10' 20

1 piece, 7', order 8' 8

18 pieces, each 9' 6", order 10' 180

2 pieces, each 13', order 14' 28

2 pieces, each 7' 9", cut out of 16' 16

2 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 14

4 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 14' 14

4 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 32

2 pieces, each 11', order 12' 24

8 pieces, each 5' 3", cut out of 12' 48

1 piece, 6', cut out of 10' 6

2 pieces, each 2', cut out of 10' 4

8 pieces, each 11', order 12' 96

Total 1,360 1,360

Valley rafter, 3" × 10"; 2 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

1 piece, 24' 6", order 26' 65

Ridge plates, 2" × 10"; 1⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

1 piece, 23' 6", order 24' 24

1 piece, 29' 3", 16' and 14', butted and cleated 30

1 piece, 9', order 10' 10

Total 64 107

Plates, 3" × 6"; 1½ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

4 pieces, each 10' 6", order 12' 72

Octagonal post, 6" × 6" × 3' 9

Porch-Roof Framing

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Rafters, 2" × 6"; 1 ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

2 pieces, each 9' 6", order 10' 20

22 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 220

4 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 28

8 pieces, each 7', cut out of 14' 56

2 pieces, each 11', order 12' 24

Total 348 348

Rafters, 2" × 5"; ⅚ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

27 pieces, each 8', cut out of 16' 216

2 pieces, each 3' 6", cut out of 16' 8

8 pieces, each 6' 6", cut out of 14' 56

2 pieces, each 10' 6", cut out of 14' 21

2 pieces each, 3', cut out of 14' 6

Total 307 256

Plate, 5" × 10"; 4⅙ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

5 pieces, each 15', order 16' 80 333

Sills, 3" × 5"; 1¼ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

2 pieces, each 10', order 10' 20

5 pieces, each 9', order 10' 50

Total 70 88

Wall Studding

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Wall plates, 4" × 11"; 3⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

10 pieces, each 18', order 18' 180 660

Studs, 2" × 5"; ⁵/₆ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

[12]63 pieces, each 21', order 22' 1,386

106 pieces, each 12', order 12' 1,272

20 pieces, each 20', order 20' 400

10 pieces, each 8' 6", order 10' 100

Total 3,158 2,632

Partition Studding

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

First floor, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

Studs, 160 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 1,600

Sills, 16 pieces, each 15', order 16' 256

Total 1,856 1,237

Second floor, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

Studs, 180 pieces, each 9' 9", order 10' 1,800

Sills, 10 pieces, each 15', order 16' 160

Total 1,960 1,307

Attic, 2" × 4"; ⅔ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

Studs, 54 pieces, each 8' 9", order 10' 540

Studs, 133 pieces, each 6' 6", cut from 14' 938

Total 1,478 985

Miscellaneous

Quantities Linear Feet Feet B. M.

Lookouts:

50 pieces, each 3" × 1" × 2', cut from 8' 25

37 pieces, each 6" × 1" × 2', cut from 8' 37

Furring, for brick walls, 1" × 2"; ⅙ ft. B. M., per lin. ft.:

125 pieces, each 11', order 12' 1,500 250

Grand total of framing 18,578

Cost

The price of the framing is based on the following cost of 1,000 feet board measure of hemlock, which includes framing.

1,000 ft. of hemlock $28.00

Nails and spikes, allowing 100 lb. to 3,000 ft.

of lumber, at $2 per 100 pounds .67

[13]Cost of framing, per 1,000 feet of lumber 12.00

Cost per thousand feet B. M. $40.67

Summary

The amount of material, as previously estimated, is 18,578 ft. B. M., which, at $40.67 per M, will make the total cost of framing $755.57.

Sheathing

Quantities Feet B. M.

Main roof, 2,200 sq. ft. × 1 in 2,200

Tower roof, 370 sq. ft. × 1 in 370

Porch roof, 637 sq. ft. × 1 in 637

Outside walls, laid diagonally,

2,417 sq. ft. + 10 per cent. 2,659

Total sheathing 5,866

Shingles

Quantities

Area to be covered (see wall sheathing),

2,417 sq. ft.= 24.2 squares

Shingles, 4 in. wide, and 5 in. exposure,

number per square 720

Number of shingles required, 24.2 × 720 17,424

Add 5 per cent. for waste 871

Total shingles 18,295

Cost

The cost of sheathing in place is assumed to be the same as that for hemlock lumber, $40.67 per M. The total sheathing is 5,866 square feet, which, at $40.67 per M, will make the cost of sheathing $238.57.

The cost of shingles is based on the following analysis of the cost of 1,000 shingles in place:

1,000 shingles XXXX $ 5.50

[14]Labor: one man can lay about 700 shingles per day;

wages being $3.20, 1,000 will cost 4.57

Nails (about) .25

Cost per thousand $10.32

From the preceding estimate, the number of shingles required is 18,295, which, at $10.32 per 1,000, will make the cost of shingles in place $188.80.

Summary

Sheathing $238.57

Shingles 188.80

Total cost of sheathing and shingles $427.37

Flooring

Quantities Square Feet

First floor, area (net) 1,312

Second floor, area (net) 1,312

Attic floor, area (net) 1,071

Porch floors, area (net) 523

Hemlock Underflooring

Unmatched underflooring is used under the first and second floor. Its quantity is 1,312 × 2 = 2,624 feet B. M.

Rift-Sawed Yellow-Pine Finish Flooring

The total area of the first, second, and third floors is 3,695 square feet. Adding 25 per cent. for waste, the quantity of ⅞-inch flooring is 3,695 square feet + (3,695 × .25) = 4,619 feet B. M.

Yellow-Pine Porch Flooring

Increasing the net area of the porch floor by 25 per cent., the flooring required is 523 square feet + (523 × .25) = 654 feet B. M.

Cost

The estimated cost of flooring may be analyzed as follows:

Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Rough Flooring

[15]1,000 ft. B. M., hemlock $27.00

Labor 10.00

Nails, 33 lb., at $2 per 100 pounds .67

Cost per thousand feet B. M. $37.67

Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Finish Flooring

1,000 ft. B. M., rift-sawed yellow pine $55.00

Labor, including striking joints 16.00

Nails .67

Cost per thousand feet B. M. $71.67

Cost of 1,000 Feet B. M., Porch Flooring

1,000 ft. B. M., No. 1 yellow pine $45.00

Labor 16.00

White lead for joints (about) .50

Nails .67

Cost per thousand feet B. M. $62.17

Summary

Hemlock, 2,624 ft. B. M., at $37.67 per M $98.85

Rift-sawed yellow pine, 4,619 ft. B. M., at $71.67 per M 331.04

Yellow pine, 654 ft. B. M., at $62.17 per M 40.66

Total cost of flooring $470.55

Porch Ceiling, Yellow Pine

Quantities Feet B. M.

Porch ceiling, same as porch flooring 654

Cost

The cost of yellow-pine ceiling is $45 per thousand feet B. M. Since there is no white lead to be used and the joints are not struck, $11 will pay for laying it. The nails will cost 67 cents, which will bring the cost per thousand feet B. M., up to $56.67. Therefore, 654 feet B. M., yellow-pine ceiling, at $56.67 per thousand, will cost $37.06.

Cornice, Spandrels, Etc., White-Pine Dressed Lumber Cost

Cornice, 393 lin. ft., at 50 cents per foot $196.50

Spandrels, 357 lin. ft., at 12 cents per foot 42.84

Base, 128 lin. ft., at 6 cents per foot 7.68

16 porch posts, 8" × 8" × 9' at $4 each 64.00

Total $311.02

Summary

Yellow-pine ceiling $ 37.06

White-pine dressed lumber 311.02

Total $348.08

Recapitulation of Cost of Carpentry

Framing $755.57

Sheathing and shingles 427.37

Flooring 470.55

Porch ceiling, cornice, etc. 348.08

Total cost of carpentry $2,001.57

ROOFING

6. Roof framing and sheathing are included in the estimate for carpentry. Following are given the estimates for slating and miscellaneous roof items:

Slating

Quantities Squares

Main and dormer roofs 22.0

Porch roof 6.4

Tower roof 3.7

32.1

Cost

The price of slating per square is given in Table XII, Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1. Bangor slating costs $8 per square. On account of the curved tower and the number of hips and valleys, and because the measurement just given is actual measurement, the price will be put at $10 per square. Thus, the cost of 32.1 squares at $10 will be $321.

Miscellaneous Items[16]

Quantities and Cost

Tin roof on bay window, 38 sq. ft. at 20 cents per square foot $ 7.60

Tin for valleys, 191 sq. ft., at 18 cents per square foot 34.38

Flashing around chimneys and dormers, 90 sq. ft.,

at 10 cents per square foot 9.00

Gutters, 100 lin. ft., 26 in. wide, at 28 cents per foot 28.00

Conductor pipe, 4-inch galvanized iron, 146 lin. ft.,

at 20 cents per linear foot 29.20

Terra-cotta ridge tiles, 70 lin. ft., at $1 per linear foot 70.00

3 terra-cotta finials, 2 ft. high, at $8 each 24.00

Tower finial, copper 30.00

Total $232.18

Recapitulation of Cost of Roofing

Slating $321.00

Miscellaneous 232.18

Total cost of roofing $553.18

LATHING AND PLASTERING

7. Plastering varies in price according to its position and quality. It is therefore necessary to make a separate schedule of each class of work, so that any increase or decrease in quantity may be easily added to or deducted from the estimate.

Three-Coat Work

Quantities Square Feet Square Yards

First-story walls, 542' × 9' 9⅜" 5,284.5

First-story ceiling (take measurement of flooring) 1,312.0

Second-story walls, 609' × 9' 5,481.0

Second-story ceiling 1,312.0

Attic walls, 190' × 8' + 156' × 6' 2,456.0

Attic ceiling 831.0

Total of three-coat plastering 16,676.5 1,853

Two-Coat Work

Quantities Square Feet Square Yards

Cellar ceiling, use same measurements

as for concrete cellar floor 139.9

Cornices

Quantities Linear Feet

Cornice, 147' of 2' girth 147

Cornice, 493' of 1' girth 493

Cost

The cost of three-coat plastering is given in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1, as 31 cents per square yard, and two-coat work, as 23 cents per square yard. According to the same section, lathing costs 12 cents per square yard. Therefore, lathing and plastering for three-coat work cost 43 cents per square yard, and for two-coat work, 35 cents per square yard.

The assumed cost of plain, run stucco cornice per linear foot of 2-foot girth is 31½ cents, and the cost per linear foot of that having a 1-foot girth is 27 cents.

Summary

From the preceding estimates of quantities and costs, the following figures are obtained:

1,853 sq. yd. of three-coat work,

at 43 cents per square yard $ 796.79

139.9 sq. yd. of two-coat work,

at 35 cents per square yard 48.97

147 ft. of cornice at 31½ cents 46.31

493 ft. of cornice at 27 cents 133.11

Total cost of plastering $1,025.18

JOINERY

8. As there are so many different sizes in the joinery work, no attempt has been made to make detailed estimates of the cost of each; but the general method of obtaining the costs is that given in the articles on Joinery, in Estimating and Calculating Quantities, Part 1. Since the quality of the work varies in different parts of the building it will be found that one unit price will not be sufficient, but experience is needed to fix the unit price for different classes of work.

Door Frames, First Floor

Quantities and Cost

Chestnut frames—jambs 1⅛" rabbeted; casing ⅞" × 5½",

with ¼-inch edge mold; back-band molding ⅞" × 2";

plinth and corner blocks:

1 frame, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 6" (vestibule) $ 4.16

1 frame, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 9" (3-inch jamb), front door 4.68

1 frame, 5' 6" × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 13.60

1 frame, 4' × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 9.35

1 frame, 3' × 7' 9" × 14" (sliding-door) 6.80

2 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 6", $4.16 each 8.32

2 frames, 22" × 7' 9" × 4", $2.21 each 4.42

White pine—jambs 6" × 1⅛" rabbeted; casings ⅞" × 5";

back-band molding 2" × ⅞"; plinth and corner blocks:

4 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 9", $3.70 each 14.80

2 frames, 2' 6" × 7' 9", $3.61 each 7.22

1 frame, 2' 10" × 7' 9" 3.78

Total $77.13

Door Frames, Second Floor

Quantities and Cost

White pine, similar to first floor:

8 frames, 2' 8" × 7' 6", $3.57 each $28.56

6 frames, 2' 6" × 7' 6", $3.50 each 21.00

1 frame, 2' 2" × 7' 6" 3.19

1 frame, 2' 4" × 7' 6" 3.40

1 frame, 2' 6" × 7' 3.19

Total $59.34

Door Frames, Attic

Quantities and Cost

White pine, similar to second-floor doors:

6 frames, 2' 8" × 6' 8" at $3.19 $19.14

1 frame, 2' 6" × 6' 6" 3.06

Total $22.20

Summary

First floor $ 77.13

Second floor 59.34

Attic 22.20

Total cost of door frames $158.67

Doors, First Story[17]

Quantities and Cost

Veneered chestnut, six and seven raised panels,

planted moldings:

1 pair sliding, 2' 9" × 7' 9" × 2" $ 15.90

1 single sliding, 4' × 7' 9" × 2" 11.34

1 single sliding, 3' × 7' 9" × 2" 8.97

1 lavatory, 2' 4" × 6' × 1¾"

(frame included in paneling) 4.93

2 closet doors, 22" × 7' 9" × 1¾", solid molded,

including glass in upper panel, at $5 each 10.00

1 front door, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 2¼", three-panel,

glass in top panel, price, including glass 12.75

1 vestibule door, 3' 2" × 7' 9" × 2¼", three-panel,

glass in top panel, price, including glass 12.75

Veneered chestnut and pine doors:

1 in butler's pantry, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 2" 7.50

1 in butler's pantry, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 1¾" 6.71

White-pine doors, raised panels:

2 glass doors, 2' 4" × 5' × 1¼", one-panel, at $3

(china closet, no frames) 6.00

4 doors, 2' 8" × 7' 9" × 1¾", five-panel,

solid moldings, at $4.13 each 16.52

2 doors, 2' 6" × 7' 9" × 1¾", five-panel,

solid moldings, at $3.91 each 7.82

1 door, 2' 10" × 7' 9" × 2", five-panel, solid molded 6.59

2 outside cellar doors, at $2 each 4.00

Total $131.78

Doors, Second Floor

Quantities and Cost

1½-inch white pine, five-panel, solid molded, raised panels:

8 doors, 2' 8" × 7' 6", at $4 $32.00

6 doors, 2' 6" × 7' 6", at $3.75 22.50

1 door, 2' 6" × 3' 6" 1.75

1 door, 2' 2" × 7' 6" 3.20

1 door, 2' 4" × 7' 6" 3.40

2 wardrobe doors, 2' 2" × 6' × 1¼",

including glass panels, at $2 each 4.00

Total $66.85

Doors, Attic

Quantities and Cost

White pine, similar to second floor:

[18]1 stuck-molded door, 2' 6" × 6' 6", glass panel $ 4.70

6 doors, 2' 8" × 6' 8", at $3.60 21.60

Total $ 26.30

Summary

First story $131.78

Second story 66.85

Attic 26.30

Total cost of doors $224.93

Window Frames, Cellar

Quantities and Cost

No. 2 white pine, 1½" × 7" rabbeted jambs and head,

and 2" × 7" sill. Complete, set in place:

1 window, 3 lights, 13" × 10" $ 1.16

2 windows, 1 light, 16" × 10", at 48 cents each .96

4 windows, 2 lights, 14" × 10", at 83 cents each 3.32

3 windows, 2 lights, 11" × 10", at 66 cents each 1.98

2 windows, 2 lights, 13" × 10", at 78 cents each 1.56

1 window, 3 lights, 11" × 10" .99

Total $ 9.97

Window Frames, First Story

Quantities and Cost

Box frames, pulley stiles and hanging stiles 1⅛", sills 2",

and outer casing ⅞", all of No. 2 white pine.

Inside casing chestnut, with molded back band

5½" × ⅞", stool 4" × 1⅛", apron 5" × ⅞",

sash stop ½" × 1½".

Frames in brickwork. Complete, set in place:

1 window, 2 lights, 40" × 32" $ 7.80

2 windows, 2 lights, 18" × 32", at $3.16 each 6.32

1 window, 2 lights, 24" × 32" 4.18

1 window, 2 lights, 34" × 32" 5.88

2 windows, 2 lights, 36" × 32", curved, at $12.24 24.48

1 window, 2 lights, 30" × 32" 5.10

1 window, 2 lights, 22" × 24" 2.80

1 window, 4 lights, 31" × 32" (double) 10.55

2 windows, 6 lights, 15" × 28" (casement), at $6.70 13.40

Total $80.51

Pulley stiles 1⅛", sill 2", sub-sills 1⅛", outside casings ⅞",

inside casing with molded back band 5½" × ⅞",

stool 4" × 1⅛", apron 5" × ⅞", sash stop ½" × 1½",

all of white pine.

Frames in wooden walls. Complete, set in place:

1 window, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.04

3 windows, 2 lights, 26" × 32", at $4.42 each 13.26

1 window, 2 lights, 22" × 32" 3.74

Total $18.04

Window Frames, Second Story

Quantities and Cost

1 window, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.04

2 windows, 2 lights, 44" × 28", at $6.54 each 13.08

2 windows, 2 lights, 23" × 28", at $3.40 each 6.80

3 windows, 2 lights, 28" × 28", at $4.18 each 12.54

2 windows, 2 lights, 36" × 28" (curved), at $10.72 each 21.44

3 windows, 2 lights, 26" × 28", at $3.90 each 11.70

1 window, 2 lights, 20" × 28" 2.98

4 windows, 2 lights, 30" × 38", at $6.07 each 24.28

Total $93.86

Window Frames, Attic

Quantities and Cost

2 windows, 2 lights, 18" × 18", at $1.69 each $ 3.38

1 window (circular), 24" diameter 2.27

2 double windows, 4 lights, 22" × 24" (curved),

at $11.22 each 22.44

1 double window, 4 lights, 21" × 24" 5.35

1 double window, 4 lights, 28" × 20" 5.96

1 double window, 4 lights, 24" × 20" 5.10

1 window, 2 lights, 28" × 20" 2.98

1 window, 2 lights, 30" × 28" 4.46

Total $51.94

Summary

Cellar $ 9.97

First story in brick walls 80.51

First story in frame 18.04

Second story 93.86

Attic 51.94

Total cost of window frames $254.32

Window Sash, Cellar

Quantities and Cost

1½-inch white pine, glazed (double American),

price not including hardware:

1 sash, 3 lights, 13" × 10" $ 1.14

2 sashes, single light, 16" × 10", at 47 cents each .94

4 sashes, 2 lights, 14" × 10", at 82 cents each 3.28

3 sashes, 2 lights, 11" × 10", at 64 cents each 1.92

2 sashes, 2 lights, 13" × 10", at 76 cents each 1.52

1 sash, 3 lights, 11" × 10" .96

Total $ 9.76

Window Sash, First Story

Quantities and Cost

Chestnut, 1¾ inch, prices including glazing (double American),

hanging sash, and putting on stops:

1 pair, single light, 40" × 32" $ 7.47

2 pair, single light, 18" × 32", at $3.36 per pair 6.72

1 pair, single light, 24" × 32" 4.48

1 pair, single light, 34" × 32" 6.35

2 pair, single light, 36" × 32" (curved), at $20.16 per pair 40.32

2 pair, single light, 31" × 32", at $5.79 per pair 11.58

1 pair, single light, 30" × 32" 5.60

1 pair, single light, 22" × 24" 3.08

2 pair, 3 lights, 15" × 28" (casement), at $7.35 per pair 4.70

Pine:

1 sash, single light, 14" × 28" 1.14

3 pair, single light, 26" × 32", at $4.85 per pair 14.55

1 pair, single light, 22" × 32" 4.11

Total $120.10

Window Sash, Second Story

Quantities and Cost

Pine:

1 sash, single light, 14" × 28" $ 1.14

2 pair, single light, 44" × 28", at $7.19 per pair 14.38

2 pair, single light, 23" × 28", at $3.76 per pair 7.52

3 pair, single light, 28" × 28", at $4.57 per pair 13.71

2 pair, single light, 36" × 28" (curved), at $17.64 per pair 35.28

3 pair, single light, 26" × 28", at $4.25 per pair 12.75

1 pair, single light, 20" × 28" 3.27

4 pair, single light, 30" × 28", at $4.90 per pair 19.60

Total $107.70

Window Sash, Attic

Quantities and Cost

2 pair, single light, 18" × 18", at $1.89 per pair $ 3.78

1 sash, circular, 24-inch diameter 2.52

4 pair, single light, 22" × 24" (curved), at $9.24 per pair 36.96

2 pair, single light, 21" × 24", at $2.94 per pair 5.88

3 pair, single light, 28" × 20", at $3.27 per pair 9.81

2 pair, single light, 24" × 20", at $2.80 per pair 5.60

1 pair, single light, 30" × 28" 4.90

Total $ 69.45

Screen Frames for Porch

Quantities and Cost

Rails and stiles, white pine, 4" × 1½", two muntins each:

1 frame, 36" × 16" $ .51

1 frame, 90" × 16" 1.27

1 frame, 88" × 16" 1.25

1 frame, 60" × 16" .85

2 frames, 94" × 16", at $1.33 each 2.66

2 frames, 66" × 16", at 93 cents each 1.86

1 frame, 24" × 16" .34

1 frame, 84" × 16" 1.19

1 frame, 20" × 16" .33

Total $ 10.26

Summary

Cellar $ 9.76

First story 120.10

Second story 107.70

Attic 69.45

Screens 10.26

Total cost of window sash $ 317.27

Cellar Stairs

Quantities and Cost

52 ft. of hemlock, at 3 cents per foot $ 1.56

46 ft. of planed white pine, at 4½ cents per foot 2.07

Labor: 12 risers, at 20 cents each 2.40

Total $ 6.03

Back Stairs

Quantities and Cost

72 ft. ⁵/₄ planed white pine, at 6 cents per foot $ 4.32

White-pine hand rails, 18 ft., at 6 cents per foot 1.08

Labor: 13 risers, at 40 cents each 5.20

Total 5.20

Main Stairs

Quantities and Cost

335 ft. of hemlock, at 3 cents per foot $ 10.05

185 ft. of chestnut, at 10 cents per foot 18.50

49 ft. of chestnut hand rail, at 60 cents per foot 29.40

86 turned chestnut balusters, 2" × 2" × 10", at 12 cents each 10.32

1 box newel, 8" × 8" × 4' 6", chestnut, paneled, with molded cap 6.00

7 newels, 5" × 5" × 4' 6", chestnut, with turned pendants, at $4 28.00

2 newels, 5" × 5" × 12', chestnut, with turned caps, at $6 12.00

Spandrel, 30 sq. ft., 10 raised panels, ⅞-inch thick

stiles and rails, 1¼-inch thick planted molding,

at 35 cents per square foot 10.50

Paneled partition under stairs, chestnut, 17 sq. ft.,

at 35 cents per square foot 5.95

String molding, 46' of 1½" × 3", chestnut, at 3½ cents 1.61

Skirt molding, 46' of 1½" × ¾", chestnut, 1¼ cents .58

Soffit molding, 38' of ⅝" × 2", chestnut, 1½ cents .57

Labor: 35 risers, at $2 each 70.00

Total $203.48

Summary

Cellar stairs $ 6.03

Back stairs 10.60

Main stairs 203.48

Total cost of stairs $220.11

Miscellaneous Interior Joinery

Baseboard

First story:

Chestnut, ⅞" × 6", with molding worked on face,

tongued into surbase, 1⅛" × 6", 139 ft.,

at 30 cents per linear foot $ 41.70

White pine, ⅞" × 9", plain, 90 ft.,

at 33 cents per linear foot 29.70

Second story:

White pine, ⅞" × 9", molded, 300 ft.,

at 33 cents per linear foot 99.00

Attic:

White pine, ⅞" × 6", molded, 290 ft., at 24 cents 69.60

Total $240.00

Wainscoting

First story:

Chestnut, ⅞" × 2½", beaded and matched boards,

4 ft. high, 33 ft. long, 132 sq. ft.,

at 8 cents per square foot, dining room $ 10.56

Molded cap, 1½" × 1½", 33 ft., at 3 cents per foot .99

Chestnut, paneled, 67' × 4' high = 268 sq. ft.,

at 35 cents per square foot 93.80

Molded cap, 1¼" × 4", 67 ft., at 10 cents per foot 6.70

Second story (bathroom):

White pine, ⅞" × 2½", matched boards, 4 ft. high,

128 sq. ft., at 8 cents per square foot 10.24

Molded cap, 1½" × 1½", 32 ft., at 3 cents per foot .96

Total $123.25

Picture Molding

Chestnut, 3" × 1½", 231 ft., at 9 cents $ 20.79

China Closet

Chestnut, dressed, 97 ft. B. M., at 10 cents per foot $ 9.70

Crown molding, 1" × 3", 8 ft., at 8 cents per foot .64

Labor: 1 man, 2 days, at $3.20 6.40

Total $ 16.74

Shelving

No. 2 white pine, 50 ft. B. M., at 4½ cents per foot $ 2.25

Labor: 1 man, 1 day, at $3.20 3.20

Total $ 5.45

Summary

Baseboard $240.00

Wainscoting 123.25

Picture molding 20.79

China closet 16.74

Shelving 5.45

Total cost of miscellaneous interior joinery $406.23

Miscellaneous Exterior Work

Moldings

356 ft. crown molding, 1" × 4", at 5½ cents $ 19.58

356 ft. bed molding, 1" × 3", at 4 cents 14.24

356 ft. bed molding, 1" × 1½", at 3 cents 10.68

74 ft. bed molding, 1" × 2", at 3 cents 2.22

356 ft. bed molding, ½" × ⅞", at 1½ cents 5.34

64 ft. neck molding, at 1 cent .64

36 ft. cove molding, ⅞" × 1⅛", at 3 cents 1.08

White pine:

35 ft. triglyphs, at 10 cents 3.50

207 turned balusters, 2" × 1' 6", for porches, at 10 cents 20.70

92 ft. molded hand rail, 5" × 3", at 11 cents 10.12

92 ft. bottom rail, 5" × 3", at 11 cents 10.12

200 dentils, 2" × 2" × 3", at 1½ cents 3.00

137 ft. window cap, 3" × 1½", at 3 cents 4.11

23 ft. B. M., for balustrade posts, at 4½ cents 1.04

Casing for circular window 1.00

Semicircular head-casing over outside door in dormer 2.00

Total cost of exterior work $109.37

Recapitulation of Cost of Joinery

Door frames $158.67

Doors 224.93

Window frames 254.32

Window sash 317.27

Stairs 220.11

Miscellaneous interior joinery 406.23

Miscellaneous exterior work 109.37

Total cost of joinery $1,690.90

HARDWARE

9. The prices given in the following list are based on the use of the best quality of hardware in the market. Should inferior quality be used, these prices would probably be 50 per cent. less. The cost of labor is assumed to be one-fifth the cost of the hardware.

Locks

Quantities and Cost

One 5⅜-inch mortise front-door lock,

with bronze furniture complete $6.00

One 4½-inch mortise vestibule-door lock,

with bronze furniture complete 5.50

One 5½-inch flush pull mortise lock for double sliding-door 3.00

Two 5½-inch flush pull mortise locks for single sliding-door,

at $2.25 4.50

Eighteen 4½-inch mortise knob locks, at $2.20 39.60

Ten 4-inch cupboard lock sets, at $1.85 18.50

Six 2⅜-inch mortise knob locks, at $1.50 9.00

One 2-inch steel spring padlock .50

Total $86.60

Hinges

Quantities and Cost

1 pair double-acting checking spring hinges

with bronze push plates, for double-acting door $10.50

2 pair 5" × 5" bronze loose pin butts, at $2.50 5.00

33 pair 4" × 4" bronze loose pin butts, at $1.90 62.70

2 pair 3" × 3" bronze loose pin butts, at $1.35 2.70

Total $80.90

Miscellaneous Hardware

Quantities and Cost

Thirty-two 1⅛" × 2⅝" bronze sash fasts, at 40 cents $12.80

Five 2" × 2¼" bronze cupboard turns, at 40 cents 2.00

Four 6" × 1¼" bronze flush bolts, at $1.25 5.00

3 doz. 3-inch japanned-iron coat hooks, at 25 cents .75

One galvanized-iron hasp and staple .20

One McCabe patent door hanger, double 3.50

Two McCabe patent door hangers, single, at $2 4.00

Four 2¼-inch bronze draw pulls, at 10 cents .40

Total $28.65

Summary

Locks $86.60

Butts 80.90

Miscellaneous 28.65

Total cost of hardware $196.15

HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM

10. A house as large as the one under consideration should be heated either by steam or by hot water. However, a furnace is used in this case, not because it is the best practice, but because it gives practice in estimating on a furnace, which is more important than estimating on either steam or hot water. In taking off quantities for the heating and ventilating contract, attention should be given to the fact that the furnace and pipes, registers and borders, and the fireplace furniture are usually supplied by different manufacturers.

Furnace

Quantities and Cost

One 53-inch cast-iron portable furnace set up in place $125.00

Warm-Air and Smoke Pipes

Quantities and Cost

12 ft. of 4" × 8" tin W. A. pipe, at 12½ cents $ 1.50

12 ft. of 3" × 12" tin W. A. pipe, at 15 cents 1.80

13 ft. of 4" × 10" tin W. A. pipe, at 15 cents 1.95

61 ft. of 10-inch round tin W. A. pipe, at 16 cents 9.76

12½ ft. of 8-inch round tin W. A. pipe, at 12½ cents 1.56

4 ft. of 8-inch galvanized-iron smoke pipe, at 15 cents .60

17 ft. of 10-inch round, fireclay flue lining, at 25 cents 4.25

2½ ft. of 8-inch round, fireclay flue lining, at 20 cents .50

Labor, one-half of cost of materials 10.96

Total $ 32.88

Registers

Quantities and Cost

Three 14" × 16" japanned floor registers and borders,

at $3.85 $ 11.55

One 7" × 10" japanned floor register and border .85

One 12" × 15" japanned floor register and border 2.25

Two 7" × 9" japanned floor registers and borders,

at 85 cents 1.70

One 10" × 12" japanned floor register and border 1.26

Two 12" × 15" japanned wall registers and borders,

at $2.25 4.50

One 10" × 12" japanned wall register and border 1.26

Labor, one-third of cost of materials 7.79

Total $ 31.16

Tin Register Boxes

Quantities and Cost

Three 14" × 16" × 4", at 80 cents $ 2.40

One 7" × 10" × 4" .57

Two 10" × 12" × 4", at 75 cents 1.50

Two 15" × 12" × 4", at 75 cents 1.50

Two 7" × 9" × 4", at 57 cents 1.14

Labor, one-third of cost of materials 2.37

Total $ 9.48

Miscellaneous

Quantities and Cost

Fifteen elbows, 10 in. in diameter, at 35 cents $ 5.25

Two elbows, 8 in. in diameter, at 25 cents .50

Ten sheets of "IC" tin, 20" × 28", at 20 cents 2.00

Two cold-air boxes, each 24 ft. long, of 20-inch earthen

pipe, with two slide dampers and screens 38.40

Labor: one-third of cost of materials 15.38

Total $61.53

Summary

Furnace $125.00

Warm-air and smoke pipes 32.88

Registers and borders 31.16

Register boxes 9.48

Miscellaneous 61.53

Total cost of heating and ventilating system $260.05

PLUMBING

11. A complete list of the plumbing fixtures, together with the sizes, lengths, and materials of all pipes, should be tabulated so that any item can be easily referred to in case of alteration in the schedule.

Fixtures

Quantities and Cost

One double-oven brick-set kitchen range with water-back;

to be selected by the owner; complete $50.00

One Class A, white-glazed earthenware sink, 30" × 20" × 7";

with porcelain back 15 in. high, and with porcelain

legs; 2-inch cast brass, nickel-plated; S-trap with

waste pipe to floor; and improved Fuller faucets;

telescopic ash drain board; complete 45.00

One Class A, 20" × 30" porcelain recess pantry sink,

white enameled inside, with nickel-plated standing

waste overflow; with nickel-plated 1½-inch brass

trap and pipe to floor; nickel-plated supply pipes

to floor; nickel-plated 2-inch supporting stand,

and heavy nickel-plated Fuller faucets, marked

hot and cold; complete 40.00

One 5' 6" porcelain-lined, roll rim, Roman pattern,

cast-iron bath, with cast-iron feet, painted one

coat outside, with nickel-plated combination

standing waste, compression star handle supply

valves at foot, with hot and cold

name plates; complete 40.00

One improved porcelain siphon-jet water closet,

with quartered-oak seat and cover, quartered-oak

siphon cistern, with nickel-plated brass brackets,

nickel-plated brass flush pipe; nickel-plated chain

and china pull, and brass floor flange; complete 30.00

One enameled-iron corner, lavatory, 17½" × 17½" × 12",

with 12" × 15" D-shaped basin with nickel-plate

cocks and pipes; all complete 30.00

One enameled-iron corner lavatory slab 16" × 16" × 6",

with enameled back and aprons, soap cup, 11" × 14"

bowl, No. 0 Fuller faucets, and “Penn” waste; complete 20.00

One set of 3 Class B, white porcelain wash tubs, 26

inches long, with N. P. brass waste and star handle

cocks, and wringer base; all complete 60.00

Cost of fixtures $315.00

Water Supply

Quantities and Cost

One 40-gallon, extra-heavy, galvanized-iron boiler,

stand and couplings; complete $15.00

Tapping and corporation-cock permits 5.00

One curb box 2.00

10 ft. 1-inch brass pipe and fittings 5.00

40 ft. 1-inch AAA lead pipe 19.00

44 ft. 1-inch galvanized-iron pipe 4.00

120 ft. ¾-inch galvanized-iron pipe 9.00

80 ft. ½-inch galvanized-iron pipe 5.00

30 pounds of fittings 6.00

One 1-inch stop and waste cock 1.50

Eight ¾-inch stop and waste cocks 7.00

Three ½-inch stop and waste cocks 2.50

Straps and hangers 1.00

Two garden hose bibbs 2.00

Cost of water-supply system $84.00

Drainage

Quantities and Cost

213 ft. 4-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated

soil pipe $ 60.00

20 ft. 3-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated

soil pipe 4.50

110 ft. 2-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated

soil pipe 16.50

30 ft. 4-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,

soil-pipe fittings 24.00

4 ft. 3-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,

soil-pipe fittings 2.50

24 ft. 2-inch, extra-heavy, cast-iron, asphalt-coated,

soil-pipe fittings 7.50

90 ft. 6-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 10.00

62 ft. 5-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 6.00

140 ft. 4-inch, salt-glazed, earthenware sewer pipe 8.00

One 6-inch fitting 1.00

Seven 5-inch fittings 4.00

Eighteen 4-inch fittings 7.00

Portland cement 2.00

100 lb. of lead 5.00

Oakum 1.00

Wall hooks 1.00

One 4-inch running trap 2.00

Four 4-inch ground brass ferrule cleanouts 2.00

Three cast-iron manhole covers 3.00

One fresh-air inlet box 1.00

One 4-inch lead bend 1.50

One 4-inch brass ferrule .35

10 ft. 2-inch lead waste pipe 2.50

14 ft. 1½-inch lead pipe 2.50

Twelve 2-inch brass ferrules 1.50

Two 2-inch lead traps 2.50

2 sq. ft. 6-pound sheet lead .90

Three 4-inch wire-basket strainers .40

20 lb. of wiping solder 5.00

Total $185.15

Labor

Labor, assumed to be one-fourth cost of all materials

= $584.15 × .25 = $146.04

Summary

Fixtures $315.00

Water-supply system 84.00

Drainage 185.15

Labor 146.04

Total cost of plumbing $730.19

GAS-FITTING

12. Following is given the cost of buying and installing the various gas fixtures and pipes that are used in the building under consideration:

Fixtures

Quantities and Cost

Cellar:

2 brackets, 1 burner, each at 50 cents $ 1.00

First floor:

Parlor, 1 chandelier, 4 burners 50.00

2 brackets, stiff, 2 burners, each at $10 20.00

Dining room, 1 chandelier, 5 burners 45.00

2 brackets, stiff, 1 burner, each at $5 10.00

Hall, 1 chandelier, 4 burners 30.00

Library, 1 chandelier, 6 burners 50.00

2 brackets, stiff, 2 burners, each at $10 20.00

Lavatory, 1 bracket, 1 burner, stiff 2.50

Kitchen, 1 center fixture, 2 burners 4.00

1 side light, stiff, 1 burner 1.00

Butler’s pantry, 1 drop light, 2 burners 4.00

Pantry, 1 side light, stiff, 1 burner 1.00

Cellar stairs, 1-bracket light, 1 burner .50

Second floor:

Bedrooms, 11 double-swing brackets, 1 burner, at $5 55.00

Dressing room, 1 double-swing, plain, 1 burner 2.00

Hall, 1 stiff bracket, 2 burners 6.00

Stair landing, 2 stiff brackets, 1 burner, each at $4 8.00

Bathroom, 1 bracket, double swing, plain, 1 burner 3.00

Attic rooms, 5 stiff brackets, 1 burner, each at $.75 3.75

Total $316.75

Pipe and Fittings

Quantities and Cost

54 ft. 1½-inch pipe, at 10 cents $ 5.40

30 ft. ¾-inch pipe, at 6 cents 1.80

30 ft. ½-inch pipe, at 4 cents 1.20

205 ft. ⅜-inch pipe, at 3 cents 6.15

Fittings 4.00

Total $ 18.55

Labor

Labor, assumed to be one-seventh the cost of materials

(fixtures, pipes, etc.) = $335.30 ÷ 7 = $ 47.90

Summary

Fixtures $316.75

Pipe and fittings 18.55

Labor 47.90

Total cost of gas-fitting $383.20

WIRING

13. At the present time, most houses that are as large as the one under consideration are equipped with electric door bells, and probably with electric bells from some of the living rooms to the kitchen. Such an equipment would cost, say, $25.

In most houses of this size, where available, both electricity and gas are used for lighting purposes. The cost of wiring this house complete for electric lights, including six wall switches, besides two three-way switches for the hall light, so that it can be operated either from the upper or lower floor, is about $325 if iron-armored conduit is used. If electric lights are used, the lighting fixtures must be combination fixtures, that is, fixtures that can be used for both gas and electricity. This will add about 40 per cent. to the cost of the gas fixtures, or 40 per cent. of $316.75, which amounts to $126.70.

The total cost of wiring is therefore as follows:

Electric bells $ 25.00

Light wiring 325.00

Extra cost of fixtures 126.70

Total $476.70

PAINTING

14. In taking off quantities for painting, it is customary to estimate the cost by assuming a price per square yard for each class of work, instead of estimating the material and labor separately.

Exterior Work

Quantities

Three coats of pure linseed oil and white lead in four colors:

Square

Yards

Shingles (see item in Carpentry estimate) 269

Main cornice 130

Porch cornice 22

Porch posts 32

Spandrels 40

Porch skirting 14

Balustrade 52

Sash 64

Window sills 16

Porch floors and steps 72

Total 711

Square

Yards

One coat orange shellac and one of varnish:

Porch ceiling (see item in Carpentry estimate) 58

Interior Work

Quantities

Chestnut finish, parlor, library, dining room, hall, stair hall, lavatory, and stairway. One coat of wood paste filler, one coat of white shellac, and three coats of varnish, rubbed down with pumice stone and water:

Square

Yards

Architrave 32

Base 16

Wainscoting 30

Sash 17

Doors 54

Jamb casings 7

Stairway 50

Balustrade of stairway 20

Total 226

White pine, natural finish, all of house not finished in chestnut. One coat of spirit shellac and two coats of varnish:

Square

Yards

Architrave 73

Base 60

Wainscoting 29

Sash 40

Dresser 9

Doors 131

Jamb casings 31

Back stairs 34

Total 407

Cost

Exterior work, 711 sq. yd., at 30 cents per square yard $213.30

Porch ceiling, 58 sq. yd., at 20 cents per square yard 11.60

Chestnut finish, 226 sq. yd., at 75 cents per square yard 169.50

White pine, natural finish, 407 sq. yd.,

at 25 cents per square yard 101.75

Total cost of painting $496.15

Summary of Cost of Building

15. Having estimated the cost of work required of each trade, a summary of the whole will express the total estimated cost of the building.

Excavation and filling $ 285.99

Stonework 1,793.83

Brickwork 1,079.16

Carpentry 2,001.57

Roofing 553.18

Plastering 1,025.18

Joinery 1,690.90

Hardware 196.15

Heating and ventilation 260.05

Plumbing 730.19

Gas-fitting 383.20

Electric wiring 476.70

Painting 496.15

Total cost $10,972.25

This total cost does not include any extras or builder’s profits.