EXPLANATORY NOTE. (continued 12)

Pratt, Jacob Loring. 1835-1891. A clergyman of Maine. Evening Rest; Branches of Palm; Broken Fetters; The Mask Lifted; Bonnie Aerie; Mecca; The Crown of Silver. Lo.

Pratt, Orson. N. Y., 1811-1881. A Mormon apostle and educator, professor of mathematics in Deseret University. Divine Authenticity of the Book of Mormon; Cubic and Bi-Quadratic Equations; The Great First Cause; The Absurdities of Immaterialism.

Pratt, Parley Parker. N. Y., 1807-1857. Brother of O. Pratt, supra. A Mormon apostle and missionary. Voice of Warning and Instruction to All People; History of the Persecutions of Missouri; Key to the Science of Theology.

Pratt, Samuel Wheeler. N. Y., 1838- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman at Monroe, Michigan, from 1883. A Summer at Peace Cottage, or Talks About Home Life; The Gospel of the Holy Spirit; Life of St. Paul. Ran.

Pray, Isaac Clark. Ms., 1813-1869. A journalist, playwright, and theatrical manager of New York city. Prose and Verse; The Book of the Drama; Memoirs of James Gordon Bennett, are among his miscellaneous works. Virginius; Hermit of Malta; Giulietta Gordoni, and the first and last acts of The Corsican Brothers, are a portion of his dramatic writings.

Pray, Lewis Glover. Ms., 1793-1882. A Boston philanthropist who published Child’s First Book of Thought; History of Sunday-Schools; The Sylphid’s School, and Other Pieces in Verse.

Preble, George Henry. Me., 1816-1885. A rear-admiral in the United States navy. History of the American Flag; Chronological History of Steam Navigation; The Preble Family in America.

Preble, Henry. Me., 1853- ——. An educator who was professor of Latin at Harvard University. He has edited a revised edition of Andrews and Stoddard’s Latin Grammar, and several volumes of Latin classics, and has published (with C. Parker) a Handbook of Latin Writing; and Latin Lessons (with L. C. Hull). Gi. Hou.

Prentice, George. Ms., 1834-18—. A Methodist clergyman, professor of modern languages at Wesleyan University. Life of Bishop Gilbert Haven, supra; Rome and Italy at the Opening of the Œcumenical Council, from the French of Pressensé; Life of Wilbur Fisk, supra. Hou.

Prentice, George Denison. Ct., 1802-1870. A once famous Kentucky journalist who was editor of The Louisville Journal, 1831-70, and widely known for his witticisms. Life of Henry Clay; Prenticeana. See Poems, with Memoir of, by J. J. Piatt; Lippincott’s Magazine, November, 1869; Harper’s Magazine, January, 1875. Clke.

Prentiss, Charles. Ms., 1774-1820. A journalist of Washington. Fugitive Essays in Prose and Verse; Poems; History of the United States; Trial of Calvin and Hopkins; Lives of Robert Treat Paine and General William Eaton.

Prentiss, Mrs. Elizabeth [Payson]. Me., 1818-1878. Wife of G. L. Prentiss, infra. A popular writer of religious fiction whose Stepping Heavenward has been widely read. Among her many other works are, Pemaquid; The Home at Graylock; Aunt Jane’s Hero; The Flower of the Family; Little Susy Series; Fred, Maria, and Me. See Life by her husband. Ran. Scr.

Prentiss, George Lewis. Me., 1816-1903. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, professor of pastoral theology in Union Seminary from 1873. Memoir of Sargent Prentiss; Life of Elizabeth Prentiss, supra; Our National Bane; The Problem of the Veto Power; The Argument between Union Seminary and the General Assembly; Fifty Years of Union Seminary. Ran.

Prescott, Albert Benjamin. N. Y., 1832- ——. A chemist who has been dean of the school of pharmacy at Michigan University from 1876. Outlines of Proximate Organic Analysis; Chemical Examination of Alcoholic Liquors; Organic Analysis; Qualitative Analysis (with S. Douglas).

Prescott, George Benjamin. N. H., 1830-1894. A prominent electrician of New York city. History of the Electric Telegraph; Dynamo Electricity; Invention of Bell’s Telephone, are his principal writings.

Prescott, Mary Newmarch. Me., 1849-1888. Sister of Mrs. H. Spofford, infra. A popular magazine-writer of Newburyport who published Matt’s Follies, a juvenile tale.

Prescott, William Hickling. Ms., 1796-1859. A celebrated historian of Boston. While a student at Harvard College, he lost the use of one eye and not long afterwards the free use of the other, and, until in later life his eyesight improved, he was obliged to depend upon the reading of others in his historical researches. In 1837 his History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella appeared and brought him instant fame. It was followed by The Conquest of Mexico; The Conquest of Peru; an edition of Robertson’s Charles V., with Prescott’s own work on the cloister life of that monarch; History of Philip II.; Biographical and Critical Miscellanies. See Lives by R. Ogden (1904) and Ticknor, infra; Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

Preston, Harriet Waters. Ms., c. 1843- ——. A high authority upon Provençal literature and a writer of literary criticism and historical studies who has lived much in Europe. Her writings include, Aspendale; Love in the Nineteenth Century; Troubadours and Trouvères; A Year in Eden; Is That All? a novel; The Georgics of Virgil in English Verse; and a translation from the Provençal of Frédéric Mistral’s Mirèio.

Preston, Mrs. Margaret [Junkin]. Va., 1820-1897. A poet and prose-writer of Lexington, Virginia, and later of Baltimore. Old Song and New; Beechenbrook, a Rhyme of the War; Colonial Ballads, Sonnets, and Other Verse; For Love’s Sake; The Young Ruler’s Question; Silverwood, a novel; A Handful of Monographs. Hou.

Preston, Thomas Scott. Ct., 1824-1891. A Roman Catholic clergyman, but prior to 1849 in orders in the Episcopal Church. From 1881 he was a domestic prelate of the papal household with the title of Monsignore. Protestantism and the Bible; Reason and Revelation; Christ and the Church; The Ark of the Covenant; Sermons for the Seasons; Life of St. Mary Magdalene; Life of St. Vincent de Paul; Christian Unity; Purgatorian Manual.

Price, Bruce. N. Y., 1845-1903. An architect of New York city. A Large Country House.

Price, Eli Kirk. Pa., 1797-1884. A Philadelphia lawyer of eminence. Law of Limitations and Liens against Real Estate. See Memoir of, by Rothrock, 1880.

Price, Ira Maurice. O., 1856- ——. An educator of Chicago, professor of Semitic languages in the University of Chicago from 1892. Syllabus of Old Testament History. Rev.

Price, Thomas Randolph. Va., 1839-1903. A professor of English literature at Columbia College from 1882. The Teaching of the Mother Tongue; Shakespeare’s Verse Construction.

Priest, Josiah. N. Y., c. 1790-c. 1850. A harness-maker of New York State, some of whose books were very popular. Wonders of Nature; View of the Millennium; Stories of the Revolution; American Antiquities; Slavery in the Light of History and Scripture.

Prime, Benjamin Young. L. I., 1733-1791. A physician of Huntington, Long Island, who wrote patriotic verses during the Revolutionary period. The Patriot Muse, published in 1764, includes his earlier poems. Columbia’s Glory, or British Pride Humbled, is a long poem printed in 1791.

Prime, Edward Dorr Griffin. N. Y., 1814-1891. Son of N. S. Prime, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman who was one of the editors of The New York Observer, to which he contributed the Letters of Eusebius. Around the World; Forty Years in the Turkish Empire, or Memoirs of Reverend William Goodell.

Prime, Nathaniel Scudder. L. I., 1785-1856. Son of B. Y. Prime, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman of Newburgh, New York. Familiar Illustration of Christian Baptism; History of Long Island.

Prime, Samuel Irenæus. N. Y., 1812-1885. Son of N. S. Prime, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman, editor of The New York Observer for forty-five years. Among his many works are, Fifteen Years of Prayer; Irenæus Letters; The Old White Meeting-House; Life in New York; Annals of the English Bible; Songs of the Soul; Life of S. B. F. Morse, supra; Prayer and its Answer; Walking with God; Travels in Europe and the East; The Bible in the Levant; The Alhambra and the Kremlin; Under the Trees. See Autobiography, 1886. Ap. Har. Ran. Scr.

Prime, William Cowper. N. Y., 1825- ——. Son of N. S. Prime, supra. A lawyer and journalist, professor of the history of art at Princeton College from 1884. Boat Life in Egypt; Tent Life in the Holy Land; Pottery and Porcelain; The Owl Creek Letters; Coins, Medals, and Seals; I Go A-Fishing; Holy Cross; Along New England Roads; Among the Northern Hills. Har. Ran.

Prince, Mrs. Helen Choate [Pratt]. Ms., 1857- ——. A granddaughter of R. Choate, supra. A novelist now living in France. The Story of Christine Rochefort; A Transatlantic Chatelaine; The Strongest Master. Hou.

Prince, Le Baron Bradford. L. I., 1840- ——. Son of W. R. Prince, infra. A jurist of New Mexico. Agricultural History of Queen’s County, Long Island; E Pluribus Unum, or American Nationality; General Laws of New Mexico; History of New Mexico; The American Church and its Name.

Prince, Thomas. Ms., 1687-1758. A Congregational minister, pastor of the Old South Church in Boston, 1718-58, and one of the most fair-minded, accurate historical writers that America has had. His library now forms a separate collection in the Boston Public Library. Earthquakes of New England (1755); Chronological History of New England. See Tyler’s American Literature; Allibone’s Dictionary.

Prince, William. L. I., 1766-1842. A horticulturist of Flushing, Long Island, whose Treatise on Horticulture (1826) was the first comprehensive work on the subject published in the United States.

Prince, William Robert. L. I., 1795-1869. Son of W. Prince, supra. A horticulturist of Flushing. History of the Vine (with W. Prince); Pomological Manual; Manual of Roses.

Proctor, Edna Dean. N. H., 1838- ——. A littérateur formerly of Brooklyn, New York, now (1904) of South Framingham, Massachusetts. Poems; A Russian Journey; The Song of the Ancient People. Hou.

Proctor, Lucien Brock. N. H., 1826-1900. A legal writer of Albany. The Bench and Bar of the State of New York; Lives of the State Chancellors; Life of Thomas Emmet; Lawyer and Client; Bench and Bar of King’s County; Legal History of Albany and Schenectady Counties.

Proudfit, Alexander Moncrief. Pa., 1770-1843. An Associate Reformed Presbyterian clergyman. Discourses on the Parables; Theological Works (four volumes, 1815). See Life of, by Forsyth.

Proudfit, David Law. “Peleg Arkwright.” N. Y., 1842-1897. A Federal officer during the Civil War, and subsequently a resident of New York city. Love Among the Gamins, and Other Poems; Mask and Domino (verse). Co.

Proudfit, John Williams. N. Y., 1803-1870. Son of A. M. Proudfit, supra. A Dutch Reformed clergyman, professor of Greek in Rutgers College, 1840-64. Man’s Two-Fold Life.

Prudden, Theophile Mitchell. Ct., 1849- ——. A New York physician, professor of pathology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Manual of Normal Histology (with Delafield); Dust and its Dangers; Water and Ice; Handbook of Pathological Anatomy; Story of the Bacteria. Put.

Pugh [pew], Mrs. Eliza Lofton [Phillips]. “Arria.” La., 1841- ——. A novelist of Assumption Parish, Louisiana. Not a Hero; In a Crucible.

Pulte, Joseph Hippolyt. G., 1811-1884. A physician of Cleveland. The Homœopathic Domestic Physician; The Science of Medicine; The Woman’s Medical Guide.

Pumpelly [pum-pĕl´ly], Mrs. Mary Hollenback [Welles]. Pa., 1803-1879. A verse-writer whose religious historical Poems were collected in a volume in 1852.

Pumpelly, Raphael. N. Y., 1837- ——. Son of Mrs. Pumpelly, supra. A geologist of note, professor of mining engineering at Harvard University from 1866. Geological Researches in China; Across America and Asia; Notes of a Five-Years’ Journey Around the World. Ho.

Punchard, George. Ms., 1806-1881. A Boston journalist, for many years editor of The Traveller, but who, prior to 1845, was a Congregational clergyman in New Hampshire. History of Congregationalism from A. D. 250; View of Congregationalism. C. P. S.

Purinton, Daniel Boardman. Pa., 1850- ——. A Baptist clergyman and educator of Ohio, president of Denison University from 1889. Christian Theism; The Battle of the Frogs, a poem. Put.

Purple, Samuel Smith. N. Y., 1822-1900. A physician of New York city. The Corpus Luteum; Menstruation; Contributions to the Practice of Midwifery; Observations on Wounds of the Heart.

Purves, George Tybout. Pa., 1852-1901. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of New Testament literature at Princeton College from 1892. The testimony of Justin Martyr to Early Christianity. Ran.

Putnam, Albigence Waldo. O., 1799-1869. A lawyer of Nashville; History of Middle Tennessee; Life and Times of General James Robertson; Life of General John Sevier.

Putnam, Eleanor. See Bates, Mrs. H.

Putnam, George Haven. E., 1844- ——. Son of G. P. Putnam, infra. A prominent publisher of New York city. Authors and Publishers; International Copyright; Authors and their Public in Ancient Times. Put.

Putnam, George Palmer. Me., 1814-1872. A well-known publisher of New York city, the founder of the present publishing house of G. P. Putnam’s Sons. The Tourist in Europe; American Facts; The World’s Progress. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Put.

Putnam, Mrs. Katharine Hunt [Palmer]. Ms., 1792-1869. A Boston writer. Scripture Text Book; The Old Testament Unveiled.

Putnam, James Osborne. N. Y., 1818-1903. A Buffalo lawyer who was minister to Belgium in 1880. Addresses, Speeches, and Miscellanies.

Putnam, Mrs. Mary [Lowell]. Ms., 1810-1898. Sister of J. R. Lowell, supra. A lifelong resident of Boston. Fifteen Days; History of the Court of Hungary; Records of an Obscure Man; Tragedy of Errors; Tragedy of Success.

Putnam, Ruth. 18— - ——. Daughter of G. P. Putnam, supra. Life of William the Silent. Put.

Putnam, Mrs. Sarah A.—— Brock. Va., c. 1845- ——. A writer of New York city. Richmond During the War; The Southern Amaranth; Kenneth, My King; Myra, a novel.

Pyle, Howard. Del., 1853- ——. Artist and littérateur of Wilmington, Delaware. The Merrie Adventures of Robin Hood; Within the Capes: a novel; Otto of the Silver Hand; Twilight Land; The Garden Behind the Moon; Pepper and Salt, or Seasoning for Young Folk; A Modern Aladdin; The Rose of Paradise; Men of Iron, a romance of chivalry; Jack Ballister’s Fortunes. Cent. Har. Scr.

Pynchon, Thomas Ruggles. Ct., 1823-1904. Descendant of W. Pynchon, infra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president of Trinity College, 1874-83, and professor of chemistry there. Bishop Butler: a Religious Philosopher for All Time; Introduction to Chemical Physics. Ap.

Pynchon, William. E., 1590-1662. A noted colonist of New England who founded the town of Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1636. In 1652 he returned to England. The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption, first published in 1650, excited a storm of controversy, and was publicly burned on Boston Common as an heretical book. It was reprinted in 1655 as The Meritorious Price of Man’s Redemption, or Christ’s Satisfaction discussed and explained, with a rejoinder to Rev. John Norton’s Answer; The Jewes Synagogue; How the First Sabbath was Ordained; The Covenant of Nature made with Adam.

Q

Quackenbos, George Payn. N. Y., 1826-1881. An educator of New York city. School History of the United States; Natural Philosophy; a series of English grammars; An Advanced Course of Rhetoric.

Quackenbos, John Duncan. N. Y., 1848- ——. Son of G. P. Quackenbos, supra. An adjunct professor of English literature at Columbia College from 1884. Illustrated History of the World; History of the English Language; History of Ancient Literature; Practical Rhetoric. Har.

Qualtrough, Edward F——. N. Y., 1850- ——. A United States naval officer who has published The Sailor’s Handy Book and Yachtsman’s Manual; The Boat Sailor’s Manual. Scr.

Quiet, Charles. See Noyes, C. H.

Quinby, George Washington. Me., 1810-1884. A Universalist clergyman in Maine and Ohio. The Salvation of Christ; Brief Exposition of Universalism; Marriage and Its Duties; The Gallows, the Prison, and the Poor House; Heaven Our Home.

Quincy, Edmund. Ms., 1703-1788. A Boston merchant who wrote a Treatise on Hemp Husbandry. One of his daughters married John Hancock.

Quincy, Edmund. Ms., 1808-1877. Son of J. Quincy, 2d, infra. A Boston writer whose literary fame was hardly proportioned to his deserts. Wensley, and Other Stories; The Haunted Adjutant, and Other Stories; Life of President Josiah Quincy. Hou. Lit.

Quincy, Josiah. Ms., 1744-1775. Nephew of E. Quincy, 1st. A famous Boston lawyer and patriot, very prominent at the opening of the Revolutionary period. Observations on the Boston Port Bill. See Life of, by his son.

Quincy, Josiah. Ms., 1772-1864. Son of J. Quincy, supra. An eminent Massachusetts statesman, mayor of Boston, 1823-29; president of Harvard University, 1829-45; representative in Congress, 1805-13. History of Harvard University; Speeches and Orations in Congress; History of Boston; Life of Josiah Quincy, Jr. See Life by E. Quincy; Duyckinck’s American Literature; Lowell, My Study Windows. Lit.

Quincy, Josiah. Ms., 1802-1882. Son of J. Quincy, 2d, supra. A citizen of Boston, and mayor of that city, 1845-1849. Figures of the Past. Rob.

Quincy, Josiah Phillips. Ms., 1829- ——. Son of J. Quincy, 3d, supra. A littérateur of Boston. Charicles, a drama; Lyteria, a drama; The Peckster Professorship, a Story; The Protection of Majorities, and Other Papers. Hou. Rob.

Quincy, Samuel Miller. Ms., 1833-1887. Son of J. Quincy, 3d. A Boston lawyer who served in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Man Who was Not a Colonel; A Prisoner’s Diary.

Quint, Alonzo Hall. N. H., 1828-1896. A prominent Congregational clergyman of Boston. The Potomac and the Rapidan, or Army Notes; Records of the Second Massachusetts Infantry, 1861-65.

Quitman, Frederick Henry. Wa., 1760-1832. A Lutheran clergyman of Rhinebeck, New York. Treatise on Magic; Sermons on the Reformation, are his more important writings.

R

Raff, George Wertz. O., 1825-1888. A savings bank president of Canton, Ohio. Guide to Executors and Administrators in Ohio; Manual of Pensions; The Law Relating to Roads in Ohio; War Claimant’s Guide.

Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. Ty., 1784-1842. An eccentric naturalist and botanist of French parentage who, after years of travel, settled in Philadelphia. The value of his work is impaired as much by his inaccuracy as by his very eccentric methods. Among his many works are, Medical Flora of the United States; A Life of Travel and Researches; Annals of Kentucky; Recent and Fossil Conchology (edited by Binney and Tryon, 1864). See Silliman’s Journal, 1841; Life by R. E. Call. Mor.

Ragozin, Madame Zénaïde Alexeïevna. R., c. 1835- ——. A Russian historical writer, naturalized in the United States in 1874. The Story of Chaldea; The Story of Assyria; The Story of Media and Babylon; The Story of Vedic India. Put.

Raguet [ra-gā´], Condy. Pa., 1784-1842. A merchant and lawyer of Philadelphia. The Principles of Free Trade; Currency and Banking; An Inquiry into the Present State of the Circulating Medium of the United States (1815).

Rains, George Washington. N. C., 1817-1898. A Confederate army officer, professor of chemistry at the University of Georgia from 1867. Steam Portable Engines; Rudimentary Course of Analytical and Applied Chemistry; Chemical Qualitative Analysis.

Rainsford, William Stephen. I., 1850- ——. A prominent Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. George’s Church from 1883, and an active worker in philanthropic and other reforms. Sermons Preached in St. George’s; The Church’s Opportunity in the City of To-Day. Do.

Ralph, Julian. N. Y., 1853-1903. A popular journalist and littérateur. On Canada’s Frontier; Dixie; Our Great West; Chicago and the World’s Fair; People We Pass; Alone in China, and Other Stories. Har.

Ralston, Samuel. I., 1756-1851. A Presbyterian clergyman in what is now Monongahela City, Pennsylvania, from 1796 till his death. On Baptism; The Last Plagues; The Currycomb, are among his writings.

Ralston, Thomas Neely. Ky., 1806-1891. A Methodist clergyman and religious editor of Kentucky. Elements of Divinity; Evidences of Christianity; Ecce Unitas; Bible Truths.

Ramsay, David. Pa., 1749-1815. A physician of Charleston, eminent among early American historians. History of the American Revolution; History of the United States; Life of Washington; History of South Carolina, include his chief works. See Tuckerman’s Sketch of American Literature; Allibone’s Dictionary.

Ramsay, Mrs. Vienna G—— [Morrell]. Me., 1817- ——. Facts on Missions; Evenings With the Children; A Legend of the White Hills, and other Poems. Lo.

Rand, Asa. N. H., 1783-1871. A Congregational clergyman in Maine and New York prominent as an opponent of slavery. Teachers’ Manual in English Grammar; The Slave-Catcher Caught in the Meshes of Eternal Law.

Rand, Benjamin. N. S., 1856- ——. An instructor in philosophy at Harvard University. Economic History Since 1763; A Bibliography of Economics; and also bibliographies of æsthetics, ethics, psychology, metaphysics, logic, history of philosophy, philosophy of religion.

Rand, Benjamin Howard. Ms., 1792-1862. A Philadelphia teacher of penmanship who published The American Penman and similar works.

Rand, Benjamin Howard. Pa., 1827-1883. Son of B. H. Rand, supra. A physician of Philadelphia. Outlines of Medical Chemistry; Elements of Medical Chemistry. Lip.

Rand, Edward Augustus. N. H., 1837-1903. An Episcopal clergyman, rector at Watertown, Massachusetts, from 1883. Christmas Jack; Behind Manhattan Gables; School and Camp Series; Sailor Boy Bob; Pushing Ahead; Fighting the Sea Series, are among his many books for juvenile readers. Lo. Meth. Wh.

Rand, Edward Sprague. Ms., 1834-1897. Formerly a floriculturist of Dedham, Massachusetts. Garden Flowers; Complete Manual of Orchid-Culture; Popular Flowers; Rhododendrons; Flowers for the Parlor and Garden; The Window Gardener; Life Memoirs, and Other Poems. Hou.

Rand, Mrs. Mary Frances [Abbott]. Me., 1840- ——. Wife of E. A. Rand, supra. Holly and Mistletoe; Home-Spun Yarns for Christmas Stockings.

Randall, David Austin. Ct., 1813-1884. A Baptist clergyman and religious editor of Ohio. God’s Handwriting in Egypt; The Wonderful Tent, or the Mosaic Tabernacle. Clke.

Randall, Henry Stephens. N. Y., 1811-1876. A once prominent advocate of public instruction in New York State. Sheep Husbandry; Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry; Practical Shepherd; Life of Thomas Jefferson. Lip.

Randall, James Ryder. Md., 1839- ——. A journalist of Augusta, Georgia, and elsewhere in the South, who has written a number of spirited lyrics, the best known of which is the famous song, Maryland, My Maryland.

Randall, Samuel Sidwell. N. Y., 1809-1881. Cousin of H. S. Randall, supra. A superintendent of public schools in New York city, 1854-70. History of the State of New York; Mental and Moral Culture; Principles of Popular Education; Incitements to the Study of Geology, include his more important works. Har.

Randolph, Anson Davies Fitz. N. J., 1820-1896. A publisher and religious verse-writer of New York city. Hopefully Waiting; Verses; At the Beautiful Gate; The Palace of the King; Unto the Desired Haven. Ran.

Randolph, Sarah Nicholas. Va., 1839-190-. A great-granddaughter of Thomas Jefferson. An educator of Baltimore. The Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson; The Lord Will Provide; The Life of Stonewall Jackson. Har. Lip. Ran.

Ranger, Robert. See Freeman, J. M.

Rankin, Jeremiah Eames. N. H., 1828-1904. A Presbyterian clergyman, president of Howard University. Auld Scotch Mither, and Other Poems; Subduing Kingdoms; The Hotel of God, and Other Sermons; Atheism of the Heart; Christ His Own Interpreter; Ingleside Rhaims.

Rankin, John. Tn., 1793-1886. A Presbyterian clergyman of Ripley, Ohio, famous as an abolitionist, and many times mobbed for his anti-slavery zeal. Letters on American Slavery; The Covenant of Grace. See Ritchie’s Life of, entitled The Soldier, the Battle, and the Victory.

Rankin, John Chambers. N. C., 1816-1900. A Presbyterian clergyman of Baskingridge, New Jersey, from 1851. The Coming of the Lord.

Ranney, Ambrose Loomis. Ms., 1848- ——. A physician, professor of nervous diseases in the University of the City of New York. A Practical Treatise on Surgical Diagnosis; Applied Anatomy of the Nervous System; Practical Medical Anatomy; Lectures on Nervous Diseases, include his principal writings. Ap.

Rapelje, Stewart. N. Y., 1842-1896. A legal writer of New York city. Digest of Decisions of New York Courts to 1881; Digest of Federal Decisions and Statutes from the Earliest Period to 1880; Treatise on the Law of Witnesses; Dictionary of American and English Decisions.

Raphall, Morris Jacob. Sn., 1798-1868. A Jewish clergyman once prominent in New York city. Post-Biblical History of the Jews; Literature of the Jews in Spain; Social Condition of the Jews; Festivals of the Lord; The Path to Immortality. Ap.

Rarey, John S——. O., 1828-1866. A famous horse-tamer who wrote a Treatise on Horse-Taming that was very extensively circulated.

Rau, Charles. Bm., 1826-1887. An archæologist of distinction of Belgian birth who settled in the United States in 1848, and was curator of antiquities in the United States National Museum, 1875-87. Early Man in Europe; Prehistoric Fishing. Har.

Rauch, Friedrich Augustus. G., 1806-1841. A psychologist of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, prominent among thinkers of the German Reformed faith. Psychology: a View of the Human Soul; The Inner Life of the Christian.

Raum, Green Berry. Il., 1829- —— A commissioner of internal revenue, 1876-83; later United States commissioner of pensions. The Existing Conflict between Republican Government and Southern Oligarchy (1884).

Ravenel, Henry William. S. C., 1814-1887. A botanist of Aiken, South Carolina, distinguished for his knowledge of fungi. Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati; Fungi Americani Exsiccati (with Cooke).

Rawle, Francis. E., 1660-1727. A Quaker colonist of Pennsylvania whose Ways and Means for the Inhabitants of Delaware to become Rich is said to have been the first book printed by Franklin.

Rawle, William. Pa., 1759-1836. Great-grandson of F. Rawle, supra. A distinguished lawyer of Philadelphia. View of the Constitution of the United States; The Study of the Law. See Memoir of, by Wharton, 1840; Allibone’s Dictionary.

Rawle, William Brooke. Pa., 1843- ——. Grand-nephew of W. Rawle, supra. A lawyer of Philadelphia who has published The Right Flank at Gettysburg; With Gregg in the Gettysburg Campaign.

Rawle, William Henry. Pa., 1823-1889. Grandson of W. Rawle, supra. A prominent lawyer of Philadelphia. Law of Covenants for Title; Some Contrasts in the Growth of Pennsylvania in English Law; Equity in Pennsylvania. Lit.

Rawson, Albert Leighton. Vt., 1829-1902. A traveller of note who was the author of Histories of all Religions; Antiquities of the Orient; The Unseen World, and a number of dictionaries and vocabularies of Oriental tongues.

Ray, Anna Chapin. Ms., 1865- ——. A writer of West Haven, Connecticut, whose tales for juvenile reading have been popular. Cadets of Fleming Hall; Half a Dozen Boys; Half a Dozen Girls; In Blue Creek Cañon; Dick; Margaret Davis Tutor. Cr.

Ray, Isaac. Ms., 1807-1881. A physician of Philadelphia. Conversations on Animal Economy; Education in Relation to the Health of the Brain; Mental Hygiene; Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity.

Ray, Joseph. Va., 1807-1855. A mathematician and educator of Cincinnati, who published an Eclectic Series of Arithmetics long popular in the Western States.

Raymond, George Lansing. Il., 1839- ——. A professor of oratory at Princeton College from 1881. His writings in verse include, Colony Ballads; A Life in Song; Ballads of the Revolution, and Other Poems; Sketches in Song; Pictures in Verse. Other works of his are, The Orator’s Manual; Modern Fishers of Men, a novel; Poetry as a Representative Art; The Genesis of Art Form; Art in Theory; Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture as Representative Arts; Rhythm and Harmony in Poetry and Music; Ideals Made Real. Put.

Raymond, Henry Jarvis. N. Y., 1820-1869. A journalist who founded and edited The New York Times. Life of Lincoln; Political Lessons of the Revolution; History of the Administration of Lincoln; Letters to Mr. Yancey. See Maverick’s Raymond and the New York Press.

Raymond, Miner. N. Y., 1811-1897. A Methodist clergyman of Illinois, theological professor in Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois, from 1864. Systematic Theology. Meth.

Raymond, Rossiter Worthington. O., 1840- ——. A mining engineer of Brooklyn, editor of The Engineering and Mining Journal from 1868. Among his technical and other writings are included, Mines and Mining of the Rocky Mountains; Mines, Mills, and Furnaces of the Pacific Slope; Silver and Gold; Brave Hearts, a novel; The Man in the Moon, and Other People; The Book of Job; Essays and a Metrical Paraphrase; The Merry-Go-Round; Two Ghosts, and Other Tales. Lo.

Rea, Mrs. Julie [de Marguerittes] [Foster]. E., 1814-1866. An opera singer and dramatic critic of Philadelphia. The Ins and Outs of Paris; Italy and the War of 1859; Parisian Pickings.

Read, Hollis. Vt., 1802-1887. A Presbyterian foreign missionary who after 1835 was settled over various New Jersey parishes. Journal in India; The Hand of God in History, a very popular book at one time; The Palace of the Great King; India and its People; The Coming Crisis of the World; The Negro Problem Solved; The Devil in History.

Read, Jane Maria. Ms., 1853- ——. A verse-writer of Colebrook Springs, Massachusetts, who has published, Between the Centuries, and Other Poems.

Read, John Meredith. Pa., 1837-1896. A lawyer of Albany who was minister to Greece 1873-79, and subsequently filled other important diplomatic positions. An Historical Inquiry Concerning Hendrick Hudson.

Read, Opie. Tn., 1852- ——. A journalist now living in Chicago who edited The Arkansaw Traveller for some years, and whose studies of Arkansas life have been widely read. My Young Master; An Arkansaw Planter; Len Gansett; Up Terrapin River; A Kentucky Colonel; On the Suwannee River; Miss Polly Lopp, and Other Stories; The Captain’s Romance; The Jucklins, a novel.

Read, Thomas Buchanan. Pa., 1822-1872. A poet and artist of Philadelphia whose later years were spent in Florence and Rome. As a poet he is best known by the famous Sheridan’s Ride; Drifting; and The Closing Scene, and it is by these poems that he will continue to be remembered. Poems; Lays and Ballads; The Pilgrims of the Great St. Bernard, a prose romance; The New Pastoral; The House by the Sea; The Wagoner of the Alleghanies, in which occurs the fine lyric beginning, “The maid who binds her warrior’s sash;” Sylvia; A Voyage to Iceland; A Summer Story; Sheridan’s Ride, and Other Poems. His complete poems were issued in 1882. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

Realf [rĕlf], Richard. E., 1834-1878. A journalist and verse-writer of Pittsburg who was a Federal officer during the Civil War. Guesses at the Beautiful. See Lippincott’s Magazine, February, 1879.

Reavis [rĕv´is], Logan Uriah. Il., 1831-1889. A St. Louis journalist, who published St. Louis the Future Great City of the World; Life of Horace Greeley; Thoughts for the Young Men and Women of America; Life of General Harney; Railway and River System.

Redden, Laura. See Searing, Mrs.

Redfield, Amasa Angell. N. Y., 1837-1902. A lawyer of New York city. Handbook of United States Tax Laws; Law and Practice of Surrogates’ Courts; Reports of Surrogates’ Courts of New York State, 1864-82; The Law of Negligence (with Shearman).

Redfield, Isaac Fletcher. Vt., 1804-1876. A lawyer who was chief justice of Vermont, 1852-60, and a resident of Boston after the latter date. The Law of Railways; The Law of Wills; Law of Carriers and Bailments; Leading American Railway Cases; Civil Pleading (with Herrick). Lit.

Redfield, William Charles. Ct., 1789-1857. A once noted meteorologist. On Whirlwind Storms, and many monographs upon meteorology. See Biography of, by D. Olmsted.

Redpath, James. E., 1833-1891. A New York journalist for many years on the staff of The Tribune, and prominent as an abolitionist. The Roving Editor; Handbook of Kansas Territory; Public Life of Captain John Brown; Echoes of Harper’s Ferry; Guide to Hayti; Talks About Ireland.

Redway, Jacques Wardlaw. Tn., 1849- ——. A geographer and educator of California. Complete Geography; Manual of Physical Geography; Manual of Geography and Travel.

Reed, Edwin. Me., 1835- ——. A Shakespearean scholar who has published Bacon vs. Shakspere, a history of the controversy, with arguments pro and con. Kt.

Reed, Henry. Pa., 1808-1854. An educator of Philadelphia, professor of English literature in the University of Pennsylvania. Lectures on English History; Lectures on English Literature; Lectures on the British Poets. See Memoir, by W. B. Reed, infra.

Reed, Henry. Pa., 1846- ——. Son of H. Reed, supra. A Philadelphia jurist who has published The Law of the Statute of Frauds.

Reed, Hugh. Ind., 1850- ——. A military educator of Virginia. Signal Tactics; Cadet Regulations; Military Science and Tactics; Broom Tactics.

Reed, James. Ms., 1834- ——. Son of S. Reed, infra. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Boston from 1858. Men and Women; Religion and Life; Swedenborg and the New Church. Hou.

Reed, John. Pa., 1786-1850. A Pennsylvania jurist, professor of law in Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1834-50, and author of The Pennsylvania Blackstone.

Reed, Sampson. Ms., 1800-1880. A Swedenborgian writer of Boston, editor of The New Church Magazine for Children. Observations on the Growth of the Mind. Hou.

Reed, William Bradford. Pa., 1806-1876. Brother of H. Reed, 1st, supra. A lawyer of Philadelphia, minister to China, 1857-58. Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed; Memoir of Henry Reed, supra.

Rees, John Krom. N. Y., 1851- ——. An astronomer, professor at Columbia College, and director of the Observatory from 1881. Report on the Solar Eclipse, 1878; International Time System; Observations of the Transit of Venus, 1882.

Reese, David Meredith. Pa., 1800-1861. An eminent physician of New York city, superintendent of the city public schools at one period. Strictures on Health; Review of the Anti-Slavery Society’s First Annual Report; Quakerism versus Calvinism; Phrenology Known by its Fruits; Medical Lexicon of Modern Terminology; Humbugs of New York.

Reese, John James. Pa., 1818-1892. A Philadelphia physician, professor of jurisprudence in the University of Pennsylvania. American Medical Formulary; Analysis of Physiology; Manual of Toxicology; Text-Book of Medical Jurisprudence.

Reese, Lizette Woodworth. Md., 1856- ——. A verse-writer and educator of Baltimore. A Branch of May; A Handful of Lavender; A Quiet Road. Hou.

Reeve, James Knapp. N. Y., 1856- ——. A novelist of Franklin, Ohio. Vawder’s Understudy; The Three Richard Whalens. Sto.

Reeve, Tapping. L. I., 1744-1823. An eminent jurist of Litchfield, Connecticut. Law of Baron and Femme, of Parent and Child, of Guardian and Ward, of Servant and Master; Treatise on the Law of Descents in the Several United States.

Reeves, Marian Colhoun Legaré. S. C., c. 1854- ——. A novelist of Washington. Ingemisco; Randolph Honor; Sea Drift; A Little Maid of Arcadie; Wearithorne; and with Emily Read, Old Martin Boscawen’s Jest; Pilot Fortune. Hou.

Reichel, William Cornelius. N. C., 1824-1876. A Moravian clergyman and educator of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, among whose writings are Moravianism in New York and Connecticut; Memorials of the Moravian Church; A Red Rose from the Olden Time.

Reichert, Edward Tyson. Pa., 1855- ——. A Philadelphia physician and educator, professor of physiology in the University of Pennsylvania from 1886. A Text-Book of Physiology.

Reid, Christian. See Tiernan, Mrs. Frances.

Reid, David Boswell. S., 1805-1863. A chemist who came to America in 1856, and was director of the medical inspection of the United States Sanitary Commission. Introduction to the Study of Chemistry; Rudiments of Chemistry of Daily Life; Ventilation for American Dwellings, are among his writings.

Reid, John Morrison. N. Y., 1820-1896. A Methodist clergyman and editor of religious journals who secured the library of Von Ranke for Syracuse University. Missions of the Methodist Church; Doomed Religions (edited). Meth.

Reid, Samuel Chester. N. Y., 1818-1897. A lawyer of New Orleans. The United States Bankrupt Law of 1841; The Battle of Chickamauga.

Reid, Whitelaw. O., 1837- ——. A journalist of prominence in New York city and editor of The Tribune from 1872. After the War, a Southern Tour; Ohio in the War; Schools of Journalism; Newspaper Tendencies. See Hart’s American Literature. Clke.

Reid, William James. N. Y., 1834-1902. A United Presbyterian clergyman, pastor at Pittsburg from 1889. Lectures on the Revelation; United Presbyterianism.

Reily, William McClellan. Pa., 1837- ——. A German Reformed clergyman and educator of Allentown, Pennsylvania, president of the Female College there from 1888. The Artist and his Mission.

Remensnyder, Junius Benjamin. Va., 1843- ——. A Lutheran clergyman of New York city from 1880. Heavenward; Doom Eternal; Lutheran Literature: its Distinctive Traits; Work and Personality of Luther; Six Days of Creation; Lutheran Manual. Fu.

Remington, Frederic. N. Y., 1861- ——. A popular artist and illustrator, whose work in the main reflects the life of the far West. Pony Tracks. Har.

Remington, Joseph Price. Pa., 1847- ——. A professor of pharmacy in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy from 1874. The Practice of Pharmacy. Lip.

Remington, Stephen. N. Y., 1803-1869. A Baptist minister, but prior to 1845 a preacher of the Methodist faith. Reasons for Becoming a Baptist; A Defence of Restricted Communion.

Remsen, Ira. N. Y., 1846- ——. An eminent chemist, professor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University from 1876. Chemical Experiments (with W. Randall). Ho.

Reno, Conrad. Al., 1859- ——. A lawyer of Boston. Employers’ Liability Acts. Hou.

Renwick, James. N. Y., 1792-1863. A once prominent scientist of New York city, professor of natural and experimental philosophy and chemistry at Columbia College from 1820 to 1853. Lives of Rittenhouse, Fulton, Count Rumford, in Sparks’s American Biography; Outlines of Natural Philosophy; Treatise on the Steam Engine; Elements of Mechanics; Lives of Jay, Hamilton, De Witt Clinton, include the greater number of his works. Har.

Repplier, Agnes. Pa., 1859- ——. A popular essayist of Philadelphia. Books and Men; Points of View; In the Dozy Hours, and Other Papers; Essays in Idleness; Essays in Miniature; Varia. Hou.

Requier, Augustus Julian. S. C., 1825-1887. A lawyer of Mobile prior to the Civil War, and subsequently of New York city. The Old Sanctuary, a romance; Poems; and the dramas, Marco Bozzaris; The Spanish Exile.

Revere, Joseph Warren. Ms., 1812-1880. A grandson of Paul Revere, and an officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. Keel and Saddle: Retrospect of Forty Years’ Military Service (1872).

Rexdale, Robert (pseud.). Me., 1859- ——. A journalist and verse-writer of Portland, Maine. Drifting Songs and Sketches; Saved by the Sword, a novel; The Cuban Liberated.

Rexford, Eben Eugene. N. Y., 1848- ——. A popular verse and song writer of Shiocton, Wisconsin, whose poem Silver Threads Among the Gold has been set to music and widely sung. Brother and Lover; Grandmother’s Garden; John Fielding and his Enemy.

Reynolds, Elmer Robert. N. Y., 1846- ——. An ethnologist in the United States civil service from 1877. A Scientific Visit to the Caverns of Luray; Shell Mounds, etc., of the Choptank Indians; Aboriginal Soapstone Quarries in the District of Columbia, are among his professional monographs.

Reynolds, John. Pa., 1789-1865. An Illinois lawyer and journalist, governor of Illinois, 1832-34. Pioneer History of Illinois; Glance at the Crystal Palace; My Life and Times.

Reynolds, William Morton. Pa., 1812-1876. An Episcopal clergyman, but prior to 1864 a Lutheran clergyman. Discourse on the Swedish Churches. He translated, from the Swedish of Israel Acrelius, A History of New Sweden, with introduction and notes.

Rhees, William Jones. Pa, 1830- ——. The chief clerk of the Smithsonian Institution from 1852, who has published, among other works, The Smithsonian Institution; James Smithson and His Bequest.

Rhodes, Albert. Pa., 1840- ——. A writer who was successively United States consul at Jerusalem, Rotterdam, Rouen, and Elberstadt, and since 1885 has been a resident of Paris. Jerusalem as It Is; The French at Home; Monsieur at Home.

Rhodes, James Ford. O., 1848- ——. An historian, of Boston. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850. Har.

Rhodes, Mosheim. Pa., 1837- ——. A Lutheran clergyman of St. Louis from 1874. Life Thoughts for Young Men; Life Thoughts for Young Women; Recognition in Heaven; Vital Questions; The Throne of Grace; Expository Lectures on Philippians.

Rice, David Hall. Ms., 1841- ——. A lawyer of Boston, living in Brookline, Massachusetts. Protective Philosophy; Digest of Decisions of Commissioner of Patents, 1869-80 (with C. Lepine).

Rice, Edwin Wilbur. N. Y., 1831- ——. A Congregational clergyman connected with the Sunday-School Union from 1871. People’s Lesson Book in Matthew; Stories of Great Painters; Historical Sketch of the United States; People’s Commentary on the Acts.

Rice, George Edward. Ms., 1822-1861. A verse-writer of Boston. Ephemera; Nugamenta; An Old Play in a New Garb, a fanciful adaptation of Hamlet.

Rice, Harvey. Ms., 1800-1891. A prominent lawyer of Cleveland. Mount Vernon, and Other Poems; Select Poems; Nature and Culture; Pioneers of the Western Reserve; Sketches of Western Life; The Founder of the City of Cleveland. Le.

Rice, Isaac Leopold. Bo., 1850- ——. A lawyer of New York city who has written What Is Music?

Rice, Nathan Lewis. Ky., 1807-1877. A Presbyterian clergyman of note who held pastorates in St. Louis, Cincinnati, and New York city, and was an active controversialist. Romanism the Enemy of Free Institutions; The Signs of the Times; Baptism; The Pulpit; Discourses.

Rich, Mrs. Helen [Hinsdale]. N. Y., 1827- ——. A verse-writer of Chicago. A Dream of the Adirondacks, and Other Poems; Madame de Staël. S.

Richards, Mrs. Cornelia Holroyd [Bradley]. N. Y., 1822-1892. Wife of W. C. Richards, infra, and sister of Mrs. Alice Haven, supra. At Home and Abroad, or How to Behave; Pleasure and Profit, or Lessons on the Lord’s Prayer; Hester and I; Memoir of Mrs. Haven.

Richards, Mrs. Ellen Henrietta [Swallow]. Ms., 1842- ——. An instructor in sanitary chemistry in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, wife of Professor Richards of the same institution. Chemistry of Cookery and Cleaning; Food Materials and their Adulterations; First Lessons in Minerals. Est.

Richards, Mrs. Laura Elizabeth [Howe]. Ms., 1850- ——. Daughter of Mrs. J. W. Howe, supra. A writer of juvenile books, whose home is in Gardiner, Maine. The Joyous Story of Toto; Toto’s Merry Winter; In My Nursery; Five Mice; Captain January; Jim of Hellas; Queen Hildegarde, are among her books. Est. Rob.

Richards, Mrs. Maria [Tolman]. Ms., 1821- ——. An educator and lecturer of Providence. Life in Judea; Life in Israel.

Richards, William Carey. E., 1818-1892. A Baptist minister of Chicago, widely known as a lecturer upon physical science. Baptist Banquets; The Lord is My Shepherd; The Mountain Anthem; Our Father in Heaven, a series of sonnets; Science in Song. Le.

Richardson, Mrs. Abby [Sage]. Ms., 1837-1900. Wife of A. D. Richardson, infra. An educator and lecturer upon literature. Familiar Talks on English Literature; Stories from Old English Poetry; History of Our Country; Abelard and Heloise, a Mediæval Romance. She edited Songs from the Old Dramatists; Old Love Letters, and other works. Hou. Mg.

Richardson, Albert Deane. Ms., 1833-1869. A journalist of New York city, famous as the war correspondent of The Tribune during the Civil War. Beyond the Mississippi; Personal History of Ulysses Grant; The Field, the Dungeon, and the Escape; Garnered Sheaves. See Memoir.

Richardson, Charles Francis. Me., 1851- ——. A professor of English literature at Dartmouth College from 1882. Primer of American Literature; The Cross, a collection of verse; American Literature, 1607-1885; The Choice of Books. Co-editor with H. A. Clark of The College Book. Hou. Lip. Put.

Richardson, Hobart Wood. 1831-1889. A journalist of Portland, Maine. Paper Money; The National Banks; The Standard Dollar. Ap. Har.

Richardson, Nathaniel Smith. Ct., 1810-1883. An Episcopal clergyman who was editor of The American Church Review. Reasons Why I Am a Churchman; Reasons Why I Am Not a Papist; Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion, are among his writings.

Richardson, William Adams. Ms., 1821-1896. A Massachusetts jurist, chief justice of the United States Court of Claims from 1885, and secretary of the United States Treasury, 1873-74. The Banking Laws of Massachusetts; History of the Court of Claims; Practical Information concerning the United States Public Debt; National Banking Laws.

Richardson, William Merchant. N. H., 1774-1838. Chief justice of New Hampshire, 1816-38. The New Hampshire Justice; The Town Officer.

Richmond, Mrs. Euphemia Johnson [Guernsey]. N. Y., 1825- ——. A writer of Upton, New York. Hope Raymond; Two Paths; The McAllisters, a temperance tale; The Jewelled Serpent; The Fatal Dower; Anna Maynard, the King’s Daughter, form a portion of her writings. Meth.

Ricord [rē-cor´], Mrs. Elizabeth [Stryker]. L. I., 1788-1865. Wife of J. B. Ricord, infra. An educator of Geneva, New York, and after 1845 a resident of Newark, New Jersey. Philosophy of the Mind; Zamba, or the Insurrection, a Dramatic Poem.

Ricord, Frederick William. W. I., 1819-1897. Son of J. B. Ricord, infra. A lawyer and educator of Newark, New Jersey. History of Rome; The Youth’s Grammar; English Songs from Foreign Tongues; The Self-Tormentor, from the Latin of Terentius, with More English Songs.

Ricord, Jean Baptiste. F., 1777-1837. A French physician and naturalist who settled in New York city. Improved French Grammar; Recherches et expériences sur les poissons d’Amérique.

Riddle, Albert Gallatin. Ms., 1816-1902. A lawyer of Washington who wrote a number of romances of early life in Ohio. The House of Ross; Bart Ridgeley; Alice Brand; The Tory’s Daughter; Mark Loan; The Portrait; Personal Recollections of War Times; Students and Lawyers; Life of Benjamin Wade; Life of Garfield; Speeches and Arguments, include his principal works. Put.

Rideing, William Henry. E., 1853- ——. A Boston littérateur on the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. Pacific Railway Illustrated; A Saddle in the Wild West; Boys in the Mountains and on the Plains; Boys Coastwise; Stray Moments with Thackeray; Alpenstock; Young Folks’ History of London; The Boyhood of Living Authors; Thackeray’s London; A Little Upstart, a novel; In the Land of Lorna Doone; The Captured Cunarder. Ap. Cop. Cr. Est.

Ridgaway, Henry Bascom. Md., 1830-1895. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Illinois, president of Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois, from 1882. Life of Alfred Cookman; The Lord’s Land, or Travels in Sinai and Palestine; Lives of Bishops Janes, Waugh, Simpson. Meth.

Ridgway, Robert. O., 1850- ——. An eminent ornithologist of Washington, curator of the department of birds in the National Museum from 1879. The Birds of Colorado; Ornithology of the Fortieth Parallel; Manual of North American Birds; History of North American Birds (with Baird and Brewer, supra). Lip.

Ridpath, John Clark. Il., 1840-1900. A professor of belles-lettres at De Pauw University. Popular and Academic Histories of the United States; History of Texas; Life of Garfield; History of the World; Christopher Columbus; Columbia, a Quadricentennial Story; Great Races of Mankind; Epic of Life, a poem. Meth.

Riggs, Elias. N. J., 1810-1901. A Congregational missionary in Constantinople, famous as a linguist, among whose writings are, Manual of the Chaldee Language; Grammar of the Modern Armenian Language; Notes of Difficult Passages of the New Testament; A Harmony of the Gospels, in Bulgarian. Ran.

Riggs, James Stevenson. N. Y., 1853- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor in Auburn Theological Seminary from 1881, who has published The Bible in Art.

Riggs, Mrs. Kate Douglas [Smith] [Wiggin]. Pa., 1857- ——. A popular writer of New York city. Timothy’s Quest; Polly Oliver’s Problem; The Birds’ Christmas Carol; The Story of Patsy; A Summer in a Cañon; Children’s Rights; A Cathedral Courtship, and Penelope’s English Experiences; The Village Watch-Tower; Marm Lisa; Nine Love Songs and a Carol. She has also written in collaboration with her sister, Nora Archibald Smith, The Story Hour; and The Republic of Childhood, a work on the kindergarten. Hou.

Riggs, Stephen Return. O., 1812-1883. A missionary to the Indians in Minnesota and Dakota. Forty Years Among the Sioux; The Bible in Dakota (with Williamson); and many translations and other writings relating to the Dakota Indians.

Riis, Jacob August. Dk., 1849- ——. A New York writer on social problems. How the Other Half Lives; The Children of the Poor; Nibsy’s Christmas; The Making of an American. Scr.

Riley, Charles Valentine. E., 1843-1895. A distinguished entomologist of Washington, at one period State entomologist of Missouri, and from 1881 till his death in charge of the entomological division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The Locust Plague in the United States; Potato Pests; Noxious, Beneficial, and Other Insects of Missouri.

Riley, Henry Hiram. Ms., 1813-1888. A lawyer of Constantine, Michigan, once known as a humourous writer. Paddleford and Its People; The Paddleford Papers, or Humors of the West. Le.

Riley, James. Ct., 1777-1840. A mariner who was enslaved by the Arabs of Africa in 1815 and ransomed by Mr. Willshire, the British consul, at Mogadore. In 1821 he settled in Ohio and founded the town of Willshire, named in honour of the consul. From his journals was prepared, in 1816, the Authentic Narrative of the Loss of the American Brig Commerce on the West Coast of Africa, with a Description of Timbuctoo.

Riley, James. I., 1848- ——. A verse-writer of Boston whose unpretentious Poems, published in 1886, reached a third edition in 1888.

Riley, James Whitcomb. Ind., 1852- ——. A very popular poet of Indianapolis whose dialect poems of Hoosier life have been greatly praised. His earliest work appeared over the signature “Benjamin F. Johnson of Boone.” His dialect and other poems display much real feeling and originality. The Old Swimmin’ Hole and ’Leven More Poems; The Boss Girl, and Other Sketches; Afterwhiles; Old-Fashioned Roses; Pipes o’ Pan at Zekesbury; Rhymes of Childhood; Flying Islands of the Night; Neighborly Poems; An Old Sweetheart of Mine; Green Fields and Running Brooks; Poems Here at Home; Armazindy; A Child World. Bo. Cent. Lgs.

Riley, John Campbell. D. C., 1828-1879. A Washington physician who wrote a Compend of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. Lip.

Rimmer, Caroline Hunt. Ms., 1851- ——. Daughter of W. Rimmer, infra. Animal Drawing. Hou.

Rimmer, William. E., 1816-1879. A Boston painter, sculptor, and teacher of art anatomy, who also practiced medicine, but gave up his profession to devote himself to art. Art Anatomy; Elements of Design. Hou.

Riordan, Roger. I., 1848- ——. A New York city journalist. A Score of Etchings; Sunrise Stories, a Glance at the Literature of Japan. Scr.

Ripley, George. Ms., 1802-1880. A Unitarian clergyman who was pastor in Boston, 1826-41, and then for several years the chief promoter of the famous Brook Farm experiment. In 1849 he became literary editor of The New York Tribune, and continued in that position until his death. With C. A. Dana, supra, he edited the American Cyclopædia, 1857-63, and also the revised edition of the same, 1873-76. His literary criticisms exerted a wide and beneficial influence. Discourses on the Philosophy of Religion; Letters to Andrews Norton, supra, on the Latest Form of Infidelity. See Modern Review, July, 1883; Appletons’ American Biography; Life by O. B. Frothingham, supra.

Ripley, Henry Jones. Ms., 1798-1875. A Baptist clergyman who held a pastorate in Georgia, 1819-26, and from 1826 to 1860 was a professor in the Theological Seminary at Newton, Massachusetts. Notes on the Gospels, Acts, Hebrews; Christian Baptism; Church Polity; The Exclusiveness of the Baptists.

Ripley, Roswell Sabine. O., 1823-1887. A Confederate army officer of prominence who wrote a History of the Mexican War.

Ritchie, Mrs. Anna Cora [Ogden] [Mowatt]. F., 1822-1870. A once popular actress who retired from the stage in 1854, and for the last ten years of her life lived in Florence and London. Her writings include several novels, The Fortune Hunter; The Mute Singer; Fairy Fingers; Evelyn; The Twin Roses; The Clergyman’s Wife; two successful plays, Fashion and Armand; Mimic Life, or Before and Behind the Curtain; Autobiography of an Actress, the last named an exceedingly popular book.

Ritter, Abraham. Pa., 1792-1860. A merchant of Philadelphia. History of the Moravian Church in Philadelphia; Philadelphia and her Merchants.

Ritter, Mrs. Frances Malone [Raymond]. E., 1830-1890. Wife of F. L. Ritter, infra. Woman as a Musician; Some Famous Songs, an Art Historical Sketch; Songs and Ballads.

Ritter, Frédéric Louis. F., 1834-1891. A musician of Alsace who came to the United States in 1856, and, becoming professor of music at Vassar College in 1867, retained that position until his death. Music in England; Music in America; History of Music in the Form of Lectures; Manual of Musical History. Dit. Scr.

Rivers, Pearl. See Nicholson, Mrs.

Rivers, Richard Henderson. Tn., 1814-1894. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Alabama, for many years pastor in Louisville, 1883-87. Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; Our Young People; Life of Robert Paine; Arrows From Two Quivers.

Rivers, William James. S. C., 1822- ——. An educator of South Carolina and Maryland, professor in Washington College in the latter State from 1873. History of South Carolina to the Close of the Proprietary Government in 1719; Catechism of the Constitution of South Carolina.

Rives [reevz], Amélie. Granddaughter of W. C. Rives, infra. See Troubetzkoy.

Rives, Mrs. Judith Page [Walker]. Va., 1802-1882. Wife of W. C. Rives, infra. Souvenirs of a Residence in Europe; Home and the World; The Canary Bird; Epitome of the Bible.

Rives, William Cabell. Va., 1793-1868. A prominent Virginia statesman, twice minister to France, and during the Civil War a member of the Confederate Congress. Lives of John Hampden, James Madison; Ethics of Christianity.

Robbins, Chandler. Ms., 1810-1882. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Second Church, 1833-74. Liturgy for the Use of a Christian Church; History of the Second or Old North Church; Memoir of Benjamin Curtis, supra; Portrait of a Christian Drawn from Life. See Frothingham’s Boston Unitarianism. A. U. A.

Robbins, Eliza. Ms., 1786-1853. An educator in Boston for many years. Elements of Mythology; Grecian History; Tales from American History, are among her published works.

Robbins, Mrs. Mary Caroline [Pike]. Me., 1842- ——. Daughter of J. S. Pike, supra. The wife of a physician of Hingham, Massachusetts. A writer for the magazines on art, landscape gardening, and kindred topics. The Rescue of An Old Place. Hou.

Robbins, Royal. Ct., 1787-1861. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Kensington, Connecticut, 1816-61. Outlines of Ancient History; The World Displayed.

Roberts, Mrs. Anna Smith [Rickey]. Pa., 1827-1858. Wife of S. W. Roberts, infra. A verse-writer who published Forest Flowers of the West.

Roberts, Benjamin Titus. N. Y., 1823-1893. A Free Methodist clergyman of North Chili, New York, founder of Chesbrough Academy there in 1865, and president of that institution, 1869-1893. Fishers of Men; Why Another Sect; First Lessons on Money; Ordaining Women.

Roberts, Charles George Douglas. N. B., 1860- ——. A popular Canadian poet and littérateur, formerly a professor of literature in King’s College, Windsor, Nova Scotia, and in recent years a resident of New York city. His work in verse includes, Orion, and Other Poems; In Divers Tones; The Book of the Native. His prose comprises, Earth’s Enigmas, a collection of short stories; The Forge in the Forest, an Acadian Romance; A History of Canada; Around the Camp Fire; Canadian Guide Book; Reube Dare’s Shad Boat; Raid from Beausejour, and How the Carter Boys Lifted the Mortgage. Ap. Cr. Lam. Lo. Meth.

Roberts, Edmund Quincy. N. H., 1784-1836. A diplomatist who did much to promote trade in Farther India. Embassy to the Eastern Courts (1857).

Roberts, Ellis Henry. N. Y., 1827- ——. Formerly a journalist of Utica; now (1897) president of a national bank in New York city. He was a member of Congress from 1871 to 1875. Government Revenue; New York: the Planting and Growth of the Empire State. Hou.

Roberts, John Bingham. Pa., 1852- ——. A Philadelphia physician. Paracentesis of the Pericardium; Compendium of Anatomy.

Roberts, Oran Milo. S. C., 1815-1898. A Texas jurist who was governor of Texas, 1879-83, and professor of law in the University of Texas from 1883. He wrote a description of his State, entitled Governor Robinson’s Texas.

Roberts, Robert Ellis. N. Y., 1809-1888. A prominent merchant and citizen of Detroit. Sketches of Detroit; The City of the Straits.

Roberts, Solomon White. Pa., 1811-1882. A distinguished civil engineer of Pennsylvania. The Destiny of Pittsburg.

Roberts, William. W., 1809-1887. A Welsh Presbyterian clergyman of Utica from 1875. He published, in Welsh, The Abrahamic Covenant; The Election of Grace.

Roberts, William Henry. W., 1844- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of theology in Lane Seminary, 1886-93, and stated clerk of the General Assembly from 1884. History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States; Ecclesiastical Status of Theological Seminaries; The Presbyterian System.

Robertson, John. Va., 1787-1873. A Virginia jurist. Riego, or the Spanish Martyr, a tragedy; Opuscula, a book of verse.

Robinson, Mrs. Annie Douglas [Green]. “Marian Douglas.” N. H., 1842- ——. A writer of Bristol, New Hampshire. Picture Poems for Young Folks; Peter and Polly, or Home Life in New England One Hundred Years Ago. Do.

Robinson, Charles. Ms., 1818-1894. A noted Kansas politician, three times governor of the State as candidate of the Free State party, 1856-59. The Kansas Conflict (1892). Har.

Robinson, Charles Seymour. Vt., 1829-1899. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in New York city, well known as an hymnologist. Besides Laudes Domini, and other hymnals, he published Church Work, a volume of sermons; Studies on the New Testament; Studies of Neglected Texts; The Pharaohs of the Bondage and the Exodus; Simon Peter, his Life and Work; Studies in Mark’s Gospel; Simon Peter’s Later Life and Labors; Sermons in Songs; Sabbath Evening Sermons. Fu.

Robinson, Edith. Ms., 1858- ——. A Boston novelist. A Forced Acquaintance; Penhallow Tales; A Loyal Little Maid. Cop. Hou. Kt.

Robinson, Edward. Ct., 1794-1863. A distinguished Congregational clergyman and Biblical scholar of New York city, a professor in Union Seminary, 1837-63, and the founder of the Bibliotheca Sacra. Harmony of the Four Gospels, in Greek; Harmony of the Four Gospels, in English; Biblical Researches in Palestine; Physical Geography of the Holy Land; A Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament. See Life by R. D. Hitchcock; Allibone’s Dictionary. Hou. Rev.

Robinson, Ezekiel Gilman. Ms., 1815-1894. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Brown University, 1872-89. Yale Lectures on Preaching; Principles and Practice of Morality; Christian Evidences. Ho. Sil.

Robinson, Fayette. Va., ——-1859. Mexico and her Military Chieftains; Account of the Organization of the United States Army; California and the Gold Regions (1849); Spanish Grammar; Wizard of the Wave, a romance; and a number of translations from the French.

Robinson, Frank Torrey. Ms., 1845-1898. A journalist and art critic of Boston, and more recently one of the curators of the Metropolitan Museum of New York city. Quaint New England; Living New England Artists; History of the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteer Militia.

Robinson, Mrs. Harriet Jane [Hanson]. Ms., 1825- ——. Wife of W. S. Robinson, infra. A prominent woman-suffragist of Malden, Massachusetts. In her early life she was one of the contributors to the noted Lowell Offering. Massachusetts in the Woman Suffrage Movement; Captain Mary Miller, a drama; Early Factory Labor in New England; The New Pandora, a drama in blank verse. Put. Rob.

Robinson, Harry Perry. E. I., 1860- ——. An English littérateur resident in the United States from 1883, and now (1897) living in Chicago. A brother of Philip Robinson, the English writer. Men Born Equal, a novel; monographs on railway topics. Har.

Robinson, Horatio Nelson. N. Y., 1806-1867. A mathematician and educator of Cincinnati, Ohio, after 1854 a resident of Eldridge, New York. University Algebra; Mathematical Recreations; Treatise on Surveying and Navigation; Treatise on Astronomy; Analytical Geometry and Conic Sections, include the greater number of his writings. Am.

Robinson, John Hovey. Me., 1825- ——. A physician who wrote a large number of sensational romances of slight literary merit, among which are, White Rover; Nightshade; Silver-Knife.

Robinson, Mrs. Leora [Bettison]. Ark., 1840- ——. A writer and educator of Tallahassee. House with Spectacles; Than; Patsy.

Robinson, Mrs. Martha Harrison. Va., 18— - ——. A writer of Philadelphia who has published a number of translations from the French, and Helen Erskine, an original novel. Lip.

Robinson, Mrs. Mary Dommet [Nauman]. Pa., 185- - ——. A novelist of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Twisted Threads; Sidney Elliot; The Enchanted Princess; Clyde Wardleigh’s Promise; Eva’s Adventures in Shadowland. Lip.

Robinson, Rowland Evans. Vt., 1833-1900. A farmer of Ferrisburgh, Vermont. Danvis Folks, a novel; Vermont: a Study of Independence; Uncle ’Lisha’s Shop; In New England Fields and Woods. Hou.

Robinson, Mrs. Sarah Tappan Doolittle [Lawrence]. Ms., 1827- ——. Wife of C. Robinson, supra. A writer of Lawrence, Kansas, who published, in 1856, Kansas: its Exterior and Interior Life, a work giving valuable information concerning a critical period in the history of the State.

Robinson, Solon. Ct., 1803-1880. A journalist of New York city long known as an agricultural writer for The Tribune, and after 1870 a resident of Jacksonville, Florida. Hot Corn, or Life Scenes in New York, a very popular book for a short period; Facts for Farmers, which was extensively circulated; How to Live, or Domestic Economy Illustrated; Me-won-i-toc.

Robinson, Stillman Williams. Vt., 1838- ——. A civil engineer, professor of physics at Ohio State University from 1878. Practical Treatise on the Teeth of Wheels; Railroad Economics; Strength of Wrought Iron Bridge Materials.

Robinson, Stuart. I., 1816-1881. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in Louisville. Discourses of Redemption; The Church of God. Ap.

Robinson, Mrs. Therese Albertine Luise [Von Jakob]. “Talvi.” G., 1797-1869. Wife of E. Robinson, supra. An able and learned author who wrote both in English and German, using the pseudonym Talvi in the latter case. Characteristik der Volkslieder germanischen Nationen; Die Unechtheit der Lieder Ossians; Aus der Geschichte der ersten Ansiedelungen in den Vereinigten Staaten; Die Colonisation von New England; Fifteen Years, a Picture from the Last Century; Historical View of the Language and Literature of the Slavic Nations. She also wrote a number of stories which her daughter translated from the German, including Psyche; Heloise; Life’s Discipline; The Exiles.

Robinson, Tracy. N. Y., 1833- ——. An official of the Panama Railway, 1861-74, and subsequently a resident of New York city. Song of the Palm, and Other Poems.

Robinson, William Stevens. “Warrington.” Ms., 1818-1876. A journalist of Boston long known as the Boston correspondent of the New York Tribune and the Springfield Republican. The Salary Grab; Manual of Parliamentary Practice; Warrington’s Pen Portraits; Personal and Political. See Memoir by Mrs. Robinson. Le.

Roche, James Jeffrey. I., 1847- ——. A popular Boston journalist, since 1890 the editor of The Pilot. Songs and Satires; Ballads of Blue Water; Life of John Boyle O’Reilly, supra; The Story of the Filibusters; Her Majesty the King. Hou. St.

Rochester, Thomas Fortescue. N. Y., 1823-1887. A once prominent physician of Buffalo. The Army Surgeon; Medical Men and Medical Matters in 1776.

Rockwell, Alphonso David. Ct., 1840- ——. A physician of New York city. Relation of Electricity to Medicine and Surgery; Medical and Surgical Uses of Electricity (with G. M. Beard, supra).

Rockwell, Charles. Ct., 1806-1882. A Congregational clergyman who held pastorates in the New England and other States. Sketches of Foreign Travel and Life at Sea; The Catskill Mountains and the Region Around.

Rockwell, Joel Edson. Vt., 1816-1882. A Presbyterian clergyman of Stapleton, Staten Island. Sketches of the Presbyterian Church; The Young Christian Warned; Scenes and Impressions Abroad; My Sheet Anchor; Seed Thoughts.

Rockwell, John Arnold. Ct., 1803-1861. A jurist of Norwich, Connecticut. Spanish and American Law in Relation to Mines and Titles to Real Estate.

Rodenbough, Theophilus Francis. Pa., 1838- ——. A Federal army officer, assistant inspector-general of New York State, 1880-83. From Everglade to Cañon with the Second United States Cavalry; Afghanistan and the Anglo-Russian Dispute; Uncle Sam’s Medal of Honor.

Rodman, Thomas Jefferson. Ind., 1815-1871. An army officer, brevetted brigadier-general in 1865. He invented the method of hollow casting. Report of Experiments on Metals for Cannon and Cannon Powder.

Rodney, Cæsar Augustus. Del., 1772-1824. A noted Delaware jurist, prominent in Congress, and the first United States minister to Argentina. Reports on the Present State of the United Provinces of South America (with T. Graham) (1824).

Roe, Azel Stevens. N. Y., 1798-1886. A once popular novelist who was for many years a wine merchant of New York city. True to the Last; A Long Look Ahead; Time and Tide; To Love and To Be Loved; James Montjoy; True Love Rewarded; How Could He Help It?; Looking Around; Woman Our Angel; The Cloud in the Heart.

Roe, Edward Payson. N. Y., 1838-1888. A Presbyterian clergyman who retired from the ministry, and, living at Cornwall-on-the-Hudson, devoted himself to novel-writing. His stories, which are nearly all of a semi-religious character, have been extraordinarily popular, but it must be admitted that their literary merit is very slight, the style being weak and inflated and the construction poor. The best that can be said in their favour is that they are well-intentioned. Barriers Burned Away; Opening a Chestnut Burr; A Face Illumined; His Sombre Rivals; What Can She Do?; Near to Nature’s Heart; From Jest to Earnest; A Knight of the Nineteenth Century; A Day of Fate; Without a Home; A Young Girl’s Wooing; An Original Belle; Driven Back to Eden; Nature’s Serial Story; The Earth Trembled; Miss Lou; Taken Alive, and Other Stories. He also published two horticultural books, The Home Acre; Success with Small Fruits. Do.

Roe, Edward Reynolds. 18— - ——. A novelist of Chicago. Brought to Bay; The Grey and the Blue; God Reigns: Lay Sermons; From the Beaten Path; May and June.

Roebling, John Augustus. P., 1800-1869. A civil engineer of note who built the suspension bridge across the Ohio between Cincinnati and Covington, and was the designer of the Brooklyn Bridge. Long and Short Span Railway Bridges.

Roebling, Washington Augustus. P., 1837- ——. Son of J. A. Roebling, supra. A famous civil engineer of Brooklyn who completed the Brooklyn Bridge. He has published Military Suspension Bridges. See Schuyler’s Studies in American Architecture.

Roemer, Jean. E., 1806-1892. An educator of New York city, vice-president of the College of the City of New York from 1869. Dictionary of English-French Idioms; Polyglot Readers; Cavalry; Principles of General Grammar; Cours de lecture et de traduction; Origins of the English People and Language; Left in the Wilderness. Ap.

Rogé, Mrs. Charlotte Fiske [Bates]. N. Y., 1838- ——. An educator and verse-writer of Cambridge and New York city who has written Risk, and Other Poems, and edited The Cambridge Book of Poetry and other works. Cr. Hou.

Rogers, Fairman. Pa., 1833-1900. A professor of civil engineering in the University of Pennsylvania, 1855-70. The Magnetism of Iron Vessels.

Rogers, Henry Darwin. Pa., 1808-1866. A noted geologist who was professor in the University of Pennsylvania, 1835-46, and held the chair of natural history in the Scottish University of Glasgow from 1857 till his death. The Geology of Pennsylvania; Geological Map of Pennsylvania. Lip.

Rogers, Henry Wade. N. Y., 1853- ——. A lawyer and educator, president of Northwestern University, 1890-1900. Illinois Citations; Expert Testimony.

Rogers, Horatio. R. I., 1836- ——. A Providence jurist who has published The Private Libraries of Providence; Mary Dyer of Rhode Island, the Quaker Martyr; and edited Hadden’s Journal and Orderly Books. Pr.

Rogers, James Webb. N. C., 1822-1896. A writer who in early life was an Episcopal clergyman in Tennessee, and during the Civil War a Confederate officer. He became a Roman Catholic in 1878 and settled in Washington as a lawyer. Lafitte, or the Greek Slave; Arlington, and Other Poems; Parthenon.

Rogers, Robert Cameron. N. Y., 1862- ——. A littérateur of Buffalo. The Wind in the Clearing, and Other Poems; Will of the Wasp, a yarn of the War of 1812; Old Dorset, a collection of short stories. Put.

Rogers, Robert William. Pa., 1864- ——. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor of Hebrew in Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, New Jersey, from 1893. Two Texts of Esarhaddon; Unpublished Inscriptions of Esarhaddon; The Inscriptions of Sennacherib.

Rogers, William Barton. Pa., 1804-1882. Brother of H. D. Rogers, supra. An eminent scientist of Boston, the founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in 1862, and its president, 1862-70, and again, 1878-81. The Geology of the Virginias; Elements of Mechanical Philosophy; The Strength of Materials. See The Brothers Rogers, by W. Ruschenberger, infra, 1885; Life by E. Rogers, 1896. Ap.

Rohlfs, Mrs. Anna Katharine [Green]. L. I., 1846- ——. A very popular novelist of Buffalo whose detective romances display much inventive skill. The Sword of Damocles; The Leavenworth Case; A Strange Disappearance; Hand and Ring; The Mill Mystery; Behind Closed Doors; Cynthia Wakeham’s Money; Marked “Personal”; Miss Hurd; An Enigma; Dr. Izard; Old Stone House, and Other Stories; 7 to 12; X, Y, Z; The Doctor, His Wife, and the Clock; That Affair Next Door; Risifi’s Daughter, a Drama; The Defence of the Bride, and Other Poems. Put.

Rolfe, John Carew. Ms., 1859- ——. Son of W. J. Rolfe, infra. A professor of Latin in the University of Michigan. Heauton Timorumenos of Terence. Gi.

Rolfe, William James. Ms., 1827- ——. A distinguished Shakespearean scholar and educator of Cambridge. He has published Shakespeare the Boy; two annotated editions of Shakespeare, the Friendly Edition in twenty volumes, and a School Edition in forty volumes; and a series of annotated editions of selections from Tennyson, Browning, Wordsworth, Gray, Goldsmith, Scott, and other English poets. He has also edited Craik’s English of Shakespeare; and is co-author with J. H. Hanson of several classical text-books, and with J. A. Gillet of The Cambridge Physics. Har. Hou.

Rollins, Mrs. Alice Marland [Wellington]. Ms., 1847-1897. A littérateur of New York city. My Welcome Beyond, and Other Poems; The Ring of Amethyst, and Other Poems; The Story of a Ranch; All Sorts of Children; The Three Tetons; From Palm to Glacier; Uncle Tom’s Tenement, a study of New York tenement-house life. Put.

Rollins, Mrs. Ellen Chapman [Hobbs]. “E. H. Arr.” N. H., 1831-1881. A writer of Philadelphia. New England Bygones; Old-Time Child-life. See Memoir by Gail Hamilton, 1882. Lip.

Ronayne, Maurice. I., 1828-1903. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New York city, professor of history at St. Francis Xavier’s College from 1888. Religion and Science; God Knowable and Known.

Rood, Ogden Nicholas. Ct., 1831-1902. A physicist of note, professor of physics at Columbia College from 1863, and author of Modern Chromatics. Ap.

Roosa [ro´zah], Daniel Bennett St. John. N. Y., 1838- ——. A prominent physician of New York city, and a professor at the University of the City of New York, 1863-82. Treatise on the Ear; A Doctor’s Suggestions; On the Necessity of Wearing Glasses.

Roosevelt, Blanche. See Macchetta d’Allegri, Marchesa.

Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell. N. Y., 1829- ——. A lawyer of New York city who was minister to the Netherlands, 1888-89. The Game Fish of North America; Coast and Game Birds of the Northern States; Florida and the Game Water Birds; Love and Luck; Progressive Petticoats; Five Acres Too Much, a Satire. Har.

Roosevelt, Theodore. N. Y., 1858- ——. Nephew of R. B. Roosevelt, supra. The twenty-fifth president of the United States. The Naval War of 1812; Hunting Trips of a Ranchman; Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail; The Winning of the West; The Wilderness Hunter; Essays on Practical Politics; History of the City of New York; American Ideals, and Other Essays; The Rough Riders; The Strenuous Life: Essays and Addresses; The Deer Family (with others); Lives of Thomas H. Benton, supra, Gouverneur Morris, supra, and Oliver Cromwell. Cent. Hou. Lgs. Mac. Put.

Ropes, John Codman. R., 1836-1899. A lawyer of Boston well known as a military historian. The Army under Pope; The Campaign of Waterloo; Atlas of Waterloo; The First Napoleon; The Story of the Civil War. Hou. Put. Scr.

Rose, Aquila. E., 1695-1723. A printer and verse-writer of Philadelphia whose Poems on Several Occasions were collected after his death.

Rosengarten, Joseph George. Pa., 1835- ——. A lawyer of Philadelphia. The German Soldier in the Wars of the United States. Lip.

Rosenthal, Lewis. Md., 1856- ——. A journalist who has published America and France: the Influence of the United States on France in the Eighteenth Century. Ho.

Ross, Albert. See Porter, L. B.

Ross, Clinton. N. Y., 1861- ——. A novelist of New York city. The Silent Workman; The Countess Bettina; The Speculator; Adventures of Three Worthies; Improbable Tales; Two Soldiers and a Politician; The Puppet; The Scarlet Coat; Battle Tales; Bobbie McDuff; The Meddling Hussy; Zuleika. Lam. Put. St.

Ross, Frederick Augustus. Va., 1796-1883. A Presbyterian clergyman of Huntsville, Alabama. Slavery as Ordained of God.

Rosser, Leonidas. Va., 1815-1892. A Methodist clergyman of Virginia. Baptism; Experimental Religion; Class Meetings; Recognition in Heaven; Open Communion; Initial Life; Reply to Howell’s “Evils of Baptism.”

Rotch [rōch], Abbott Lawrence. Ms., 1861- ——. A meteorologist who founded the Blue Hill meteorological observatory in Milton, Massachusetts, in 1885, and who has published many valuable meteorological papers.

Rothrock, Joseph Trimble. Pa., 1839- ——. A professor of botany in the University of Pennsylvania from 1877. Botany of the Wheeler Expedition; Vacation Cruisings; Flora of Alaska; Revision of the North American Gaurineæ, include his principal publications. Lip.

Round, William Marshall Fitz. R. I., 1845- ——. A writer active in prison reforms. His books for juvenile readers include, Achsah; Child Marion Abroad; Torn and Mended; Hal; Rosecroft. Le.

Rouquette [roŏ-ket´], Adrien Emmanuel. La., 1813-1887. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New Orleans, known as the Abbé Rouquette. Les Savannes; Poésies américaines; Wild Flowers; Sacred Poetry; Le Thébaïde en Amérique; L’Antoniade, ou la Solitude avec Dieu; Poëmes patriotiques.

Rouquette, François Dominique. Pa., 1810-1890. Brother of A. E. Rouquette, supra. A lawyer who resided in France for part of his life. Les Meschacébéennes; Fleurs d’Amérique; and a work in French and English on the Choctaw Indians.

Rowe, Mrs. Henrietta Gould. Me., 1835- ——. A writer of Bangor, Maine. Re-told Tales of the Hills and Shores of Maine; Queenshithe.

Rowland, Henry Augustus. Ct., 1804-1859. A Congregational clergyman of Newark, New Jersey. Common Maxims of Infidelity; The Path of Life; Light in a Dark Valley; The Way of Peace. See Memorial of, by Fairchild, 1860.

Rowson, Mrs. Susanna [Haswell]. E., 1762-1824. A once famous novelist whose Charlotte Temple was the most popular tale of its day. Born in England, she came to Boston as a child, but returned to England in 1784 and there married. In 1793 she came again to America, and after a short career as an actress opened a school in Boston, which was very successful. Her writings include Victoria; Mary, or the Test of Honour; The Fille de Chambre; The Inquisitor; The Trials of the Heart; Reuben and Rachel; Lucy Temple, a sequel to Charlotte Temple; Miscellaneous Poems; The Slaves of Algiers, an opera; The Volunteers, a farce; The French Patriot, a comedy. See Memoir by E. Nason, supra, 1870.

Royall, Mrs. Anne. Va., 1769-1854. A once well-known and unpopular Washington journalist, editor of the Washington Paul Pry, whose literary style was quite devoid of merit. The Black Book; The Tennessean, a novel; Sketches of History, Life, and Manners in the United States; A Southern Tour: Letters from Alabama.

Royce, Josiah. Cal., 1855- ——. A professor of the history of philosophy at Harvard University. The Religious Aspect of Philosophy; California: a Study of American Character; The Feud of Oakfield Creek, a novel; Primer of Logical Analysis; The Spirit of Modern Philosophy. Hou.

Rudder, William. B. G., 1820-1880. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, rector of St. Stephen’s Church. Sermons; A Rationale of the Church’s Liturgic Worship. Co. Lip.

Rude, Mrs. Ellen [Sergeant]. N. Y., 1838- ——. A verse-writer of Duluth who has published Magnolia Leaves (verse).

Ruffner, Henry. Va., 1798-1861. A Presbyterian clergyman of Virginia, and a noted opponent of slavery. Fathers of the Desert: a History of Monachism; Future Punishment.

Ruffner, William Henry. Va., 1824- ——. Son of W. Ruffner, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia, and from 1870 State superintendent of public instruction in Virginia. Charity and the Clergy.

Ruggles, Henry Joseph. N. Y., 1813- ——. A lawyer of New York city. The Method of Shakespeare as an Artist; The Plays of Shakespeare founded on Literary Forms. Hou.

Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, Count. Ms., 1753-1814. A statesman and philosopher. After serving Great Britain in the War of the Revolution, he entered the service of the Elector of Bavaria, rose to the position of minister of war, and was created Count of the Holy Roman Empire, taking his title Rumford from Rumford, now Concord, New Hampshire. Essays: Political, Economical, and Philosophical, 1798-1806. See Cuvier’s Éloge de Rumford; Sparks’s American Biography; Life by G. E. Ellis, supra; Atlantic Monthly, April, 1871.

Runcie, Mrs. Constance [Faunt Le Roy]. Ind., 1836- ——. A writer whose home was many years at St. Joseph, Missouri. Divinely Led; Poems, Dramatic and Lyric; Woman’s Work; Felix Mendelssohn; Children’s Stories and Fables.

Runkle, John Daniel. N. Y., 1822-1902. A noted mathematician, professor of mathematics in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1870-78. Elements of Plane and Solid Analytic Geometry. Gi.

Rupp, Isaac Daniel. Pa., 1803-1878. An industrious local historian of Pennsylvania, who, besides writing histories of nearly thirty counties in his State, published also Events in Indian History; History of Religious Denominations in the United States; Early History of Western Pennsylvania; Thirty Thousand Names of German Emigrants.

Ruschenberger [roo´shĕn-ber-ḡer], William S. W. N. Y., 1807-1895. A noted naval surgeon and naturalist of Philadelphia. Elements of Natural History; A Voyage Around the World; Three Weeks in the Pacific; Notes and Commentaries during Voyages to Brazil and China; Lexicon of Natural History Terms; Account of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Philadelphia, 1787-1887; The Brothers Rogers.

Rush, Benjamin. Pa., 1745-1813. An eminent physician of Philadelphia who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence and treasurer of the United States Mint, 1799-1813. Treatise on Diseases of the Mind; Essays, Literary, Moral, and Philosophical; Sixteen Introductory Lectures. See Thacher’s Medical Biography; Allibone’s Dictionary; Appletons’ American Biography.

Rush, Benjamin. Pa., 1811-1877. Son of R. Rush, infra. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Appeal for the Union; Letters on the Rebellion, 1862.

Rush, Jacob. Pa., 1746-1820. Brother of B. Rush, 1st. A Philadelphia jurist. Charges on Moral and Religious Subjects; Character of Christ; Christian Baptism.

Rush, James. Pa., 1786-1869. Son of B. Rush, 1st. A distinguished Philadelphia citizen, the founder of the Ridgeway Library, to which he left one million dollars. He was a physician by profession, but lived the life of a recluse. The Philosophy of the Human Voice; Analysis of the Human Intellect; Rhymes of Contrast on Wisdom and Folly. Lip.

Rush, Richard. Pa., 1780-1859. Son of B. Rush, 1st, supra. A Philadelphia statesman who was secretary of the treasury, 1825-29. Codification of the Laws of the United States (1815); Court of London (1819-25); Washington in Domestic Life; Occasional Productions. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

Russell, Addison Peale. O., 1826- ——. An Ohio journalist and essayist, now (1897) living in retirement in Wilmington, Ohio. Half Tints; Library Notes; Thomas Corwin, a Sketch; Characteristics; A Club of One; In a Club Corner; Sub-Cœlum. Clke. Hou.

Russell, Francis Thayer. Ms., 1828- ——. Son of W. Russell, infra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Waterbury, Connecticut, rector of St. Margaret’s School there, and voice instructor in the General Theological Seminary in New York city. The Use of the Voice.

Russell, Irwin. Mi., 1853-1879. A Southern writer of dialect verse. Dialect Poems. Cent.

Russell, Israel Cook. N. Y., 1852- ——. A professor of geology in the University of Michigan from 1892, and a geologist in the United States Geological Survey, 1880-92. Lakes of North America; Lake Lahontan; Quarternary History of Moro Valley; Glaciers of North America; Present and Extinct Lakes of Nevada; Volcanoes of North America, and many geological reports. Am. Gi.

Russell, William. S., 1798-1873. An elocutionist of note, widely known in his day as a teacher. Orthophony, or Vocal Culture; Pulpit Elocution; Lessons in Enunciation; Grammar of Composition. Hou.

Russell, William Eustis. Ms., 1857-1896. A popular Massachusetts statesman, mayor of his native city of Cambridge, 1884-88, and governor of Massachusetts, 1890-93. Speeches and Messages. Lit.

Rutherford, Mildred. Ga., 1852- ——. An educator of Athens, Georgia. Her series of literary text-books includes, English Authors; American Authors; Classic Authors; French and German Authors.

Rutledge, Edward. S. C., 1797-1832. An Episcopal clergyman who was professor of moral philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. The Family Altar; History of the Church of England.

Ruttenber, Edward Manning. Vt., 1824- ——. An antiquary of Newburg, New York, who has published a History of Newburg; History of Orange County; History of the Hudson River Tribes.

Ryan, Abram Joseph. “Father Ryan.” Va., 1839-1888. A Roman Catholic priest and verse-writer of the South whose verse has been much over-praised in some quarters. It is spirited and fluent, but has not the literary quality needful to preserve it. Poems, Patriotic, Religious, and Miscellaneous; The Conquered Banner, and Other Poems; A Crown for Our Queen.

Ryan, Father. See Ryan, Abram.

Ryan, Mrs. Marah Ellis [Martin]. Pa., 1860- ——. An actress and novelist living at Fayette Springs, Pennsylvania. A Pagan of the Alleghanies; Merze; On Love’s Domains; Told in the Hills; Squaw Eloise.

Ryan, Patrick John. I., 1831- ——. A Roman Catholic archbishop of Philadelphia. What Catholics do Not Believe; Some of the Causes of Modern Religious Scepticism.

Ryan, Stephen Vincent. Ont., 1825-1896. The Roman Catholic bishop of Buffalo from 1860. The Claims of a Protestant Episcopal Bishop to Apostolical Succession and Valid Orders Disproved.

Rylance, Joseph Hine. E., 1826- ——. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. Mark’s in the Bowery from 1871, and prominent among Broad Churchmen. Preachers and Preaching; Essays on Miracles; Social Questions; Pulpit Talks on Topics of the Time; Christian Rationalism. Wh.

S

Sabin, Elijah Robinson. Ct., 1776-1818. A Methodist evangelist of New England. The Road to Happiness; Charles Observator.

Sabin, Joseph. E., 1821-1881. An English publisher and bibliophile who came to America in 1848, and finally, settling in New York city, became widely known as a bookseller and collector of rare books. The Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England, with Scriptural Proofs; Bibliotheca Americana; Bibliography of Bibliographies.

Sabine, Lorenzo. N. H., 1803-1877. Son of E. R. Sabin, supra, but choosing another spelling of his surname. A secret government agent in relation to the Ashburton Treaty, and secretary of the Boston Board of Trade in his later years, as well as member of Congress from Massachusetts. The American Loyalists; Life of Commodore Edward Preble, in Sparks’s American Biography; Notes on Duels and Duelling; Report on the Principal Fisheries of the American Seas. Lit.

Sachs, Bernard. Md., 1858- ——. A physician of New York city, well known as a neurologist. Nervous and Mental Diseases of Childhood, and many professional monographs.

Sachse, Julius Friedrich. Pa.,1842- ——. A journalist of Philadelphia. The German Pietists of Provincial Pennsylvania; The Genesis of the Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania.

Sadlier [săd-leer´], Anna Teresa. Q., 1856- ——. Daughter of Mrs. Sadlier, infra. Seven Years and Mair; The King’s Page; Ethel Hamilton; Names that Live: a volume of biographies; Women of Catholicity; The Silent Woman of Alood; and many translations from the French, Italian, and German. Har. Sad.

Sadlier, Mrs. Mary Anne [Madden]. I., 1820-1903. A prominent writer of Roman Catholic Sunday-school tales, wife of J. Sadlier, a New York publisher. Among her many writings are, Alice Riordan; Red Hand of Ulster; The Daughter of Tyrconnell; The Old House by the Boyne.

Sadtler, Samuel Philip. Pa., 1847- ——. A chemist of Philadelphia, professor in the University of Pennsylvania from 1875. Chemical Experimentation; Handbook of Industrial Organic Chemistry; A Text-Book of Chemistry (with H. Trimble). Lip.

Safford, James Merrill. O., 1822- ——. The State geologist of Tennessee from 1854, professor in Vanderbilt University from 1875. A Geological Reconnoissance of Tennessee; Geology of Tennessee.

Safford, Truman Henry. Vt., 1836-1901. An astronomer of note, famous in childhood as a mathematician, and professor of astronomy at Williams College from 1876. Mathematical Teaching and its Modern Methods.

Safford, William Harrison. W. Va., 1821- ——. A lawyer of Chillicothe, Ohio. Life of Blennerhasset; The Blennerhasset Papers. Clke.

Salisbury, Edward Elbridge. Ms., 1814-1901. A philologist of distinction, professor of Arabic at Yale University, 1841-56. General and Biographical Monographs (1885).

Saltus, Edgar Evertson. N. Y., 1858- ——. A novelist of New York city. Balzac: a Study; The Philosophy of Disenchantment; The Anatomy of Negation; Mr. Incoul’s Misadventure; The Truth about Tristram Varick; Eden; A Transaction in Hearts; When Dreams Come True; The Pace that Kills. Hou.

Saltus, Francis Saltus. N. Y., 1849-1889. Brother of E. E. Saltus, supra. An erratic verse-writer, much of whose life was passed abroad. His verse is not without a certain luxurious power, but it is wilful in the extreme, diffuse, and unpruned. Honey and Gall; Shadows and Ideals; The Witch of Endor; The Bayadere, and Other Sonnets. Lip. Put.

Sampson, Ezra. Ms., 1749-1823. A Congregational clergyman at Plympton, Massachusetts, 1775-95, subsequently a journalist in Hartford. Beauties of the Bible; The Historical Dictionary; The Sham Patriot Unmasked; The Brief Remarker on the Ways of Men. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit. Har.

Sampson, John Patterson. N. C., 1837- ——. A minister of the African Methodist church, prior to 1882 a lawyer in Washington. Common Sense Physiology; The Disappointed Bride; Temperament and Phrenology of Mixed Races; Jolly People; Illustrations in Theology.

Sampson, William. I., 1764-1836. A once famous lawyer of New York city who came to America in 1798, having previously been a barrister in Dublin. Sampson Against the Philistines, or the Reform of Lawsuits; Memoir of William Sampson, are his chief works.

Samson, George Whitefield. Ms., 1819-1896. A Baptist clergyman and educator of New York city, president of Rutgers Female College from 1871. A voluminous writer whose principal works comprise, Elements of Art Criticism; Physical Media in Spiritual Manifestations; The Atonement; The Divine Law as to Wines; Idols of Fashion and Culture; Tested Truths as to Relations of Capital and Labor; Outlines of the History of Ethics; Spiritualism Tested, originally issued as To Daimonion; Guide to Self-Education; The Bible Revisers’ Greek Text; Guide to Bible Interpretation. Lip.

Samuels, Adelaide Frances. Ms., 1845- ——. Sister of E. A. Samuels, infra. A writer for juveniles. Dick and Daisy Series; Dick Travers Abroad Series; Daisy Travers. Le.

Samuels, Edward Augustus. Ms., 1836- ——. A Boston naturalist. Ornithology and Oölogy of New England; Among the Birds; Mammalogy of New England; The Living World (with A. Arnold).

Samuels, Samuel. Pa., 1825- ——. A noted seaman and inventor who organized the Steam Heating Company of New York city in 1881. From Forecastle to Cabin. Har.

Samuels, Mrs. Susan Blagge [Caldwell]. Ms., 1848- ——. Wife of E. A. Samuels, supra. A popular writer for juveniles. The Golden Rule Series. Le.

Sanborn, Alvan Francis. Ms., 1866- ——. Moody’s Lodging House, and Other Tenement Sketches; Meg McIntyre’s Raffle, and Other Stories. Cop.

Sanborn, Edwin David. N. H., 1808-1885. An educator who was professor of literature at Dartmouth College, 1863-85, and author of a History of New Hampshire.

Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin. N. H., 1831- ——. A noted journalist and reformer living at Concord, Massachusetts, and connected with The Springfield Republican from 1868. Life of Thoreau; Life and Letters of John Brown; Life of Dr. S. E. Howe, supra. Fu. Hou. Rob.

Sanborn, Helen Josephine. Me., 1857- ——. A Winter in Central America, a volume of travels. Le.

Sanborn, Kate. See Sanborn, Katherine.

Sanborn, Katherine Abbott. N. H., 1839- ——. Daughter of E. D. Sanborn, supra. A popular and versatile writer of ephemeral books, who was professor of English literature at Smith College prior to 1886. Home Pictures of English Poets; Vanity and Insanity of Genius; Adopting an Abandoned Farm; Abandoning an Adopted Farm; A Truthful Woman in Southern California; My Literary Zoo, and a number of compilations. Ap. Fu. Hou.

Sanborn, Mrs. Mary [Farley]. 18— - ——. A novelist of Boston. Sweet and Twenty; It Came to Pass; Paula Ferris. Le.

Sandeman, Robert. S., 1718 or 1723-1771. The founder of the Sandemanian sect, who came to America in 1764 and gathered a church at Danbury, Connecticut, where he died. Letters on Theron and Aspasio; Thoughts on Christianity.

Sanders, Daniel Clarke. Ms., 1768-1850. A Congregational clergyman and educator, president of the University of Vermont, 1800-14, subsequently pastor at Medfield, Massachusetts. A History of the Indian Wars with the First Settlers of the United States, which he published in 1812, is now a very rare book. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

Sanders, Mrs. Elizabeth [Elkins]. Ms., 1762-1851. A writer of Salem, Massachusetts. Conversations, principally on the Aborigines of North America; First Settlers of New England; Reviews.

Sanderson, John. Pa., 1783-1844. An educator of Philadelphia, classical professor in the High School, 1836-44, and of some note in his day as a humourist. The American in Paris; The American in England; and the first two volumes of the Biography of the Signers of the Declarations of Independence. See Hart’s American Literature.

Sanderson, John Philip. Pa., 1818-1864. An officer in the Federal army. Views and Opinions of American Statesmen on Foreign Immigration; Republican Landmarks.

Sanderson, Joseph. I., 1823- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman in New York and other localities. Jesus on the Holy Mount; Memorial Tributes; The Bow in the Cloud.

Sands, Alexander Hamilton. Va., 1828-1887. A lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, who entered the Baptist ministry not long before his death. History of a Suit in Equity; Recreations of a Southern Barrister; Practical Law Forms; Sermons by a Village Pastor.

Sands, Robert Charles. N. Y., 1799-1832. A journalist and verse-writer of New York city who wrote a Life of Paul Jones; The Talisman (with Bryant and Verplanck); co-author with Eastburn of the once noted poem Yamoyden. See Life by Verplanck; Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

Sanford, Henry Shelton. Ct., 1823-1891. A diplomatist who was secretary of the United States legation at Paris, 1849-53, chargé d’affaires there till April, 1854, and minister to Belgium, 1861-69; and who founded the town of Sanford, Florida, in 1870. Penal Codes in Europe; The Avendslood Correspondence.

Sangster, Mrs. Margaret Elizabeth [Munson]. N. Y., 1838- ——. A journalist of New York city, editor of Harper’s Bazar, 1889-99, and a popular verse-writer whose domestic poems display sentiment of a very genuine kind. Her writings in verse comprise, On the Road Home; Easter Bells; Poems of the Household; Home Fairies and Heart Flowers. She has also written a Manual of Missions of the Reformed Church, and several books for girls, including Hours with Girls; Home and Heaven; Splendid Times; Five Happy Weeks; May Stanhope and her Friend; Miss Dewbury’s School; Little Knights and Ladies. Maidie’s Problem. Har. Hou. Meth. Wh.

Santayana, George. Sp., 1863- ——. An instructor in philosophy at Harvard University. Sonnets and Other Poems; The Sense of Beauty: being the Outlines of Æsthetic Theory. St.

Sargent, Charles Sprague. Ms., 1841- ——. Grand-nephew of L. M. Sargent, infra. A botanist of eminence, Arnold professor of arboriculture at Harvard University from 1879, editor of Garden and Forest from 1888. The Silva of North America; Report on the Forests of North America; The Woods of the United States; Notes on the Forest Flora of Japan. Ap. Hou.

Sargent, Epes. Ms., 1813-1880. A once prominent Boston journalist and littérateur, who perhaps will be longest remembered by the familiar poem, Life on the Ocean Wave. His verse includes, Songs of the Sea; Poems; The Woman who Dared. In fiction he published, Wealth and Worth; What’s to be Done?; Fleetwood; Peculiar, a tale of the Great Rebellion. He wrote the dramas, Bride of Genoa; Velasco; Change Makes Change; The Priestess. His miscellaneous writings comprise, Life of Henry Clay; American Adventures by Land and Sea; Arctic Adventures by Sea and Land; Original Dialogues; Planchette, the Despair of Science; Memoir of Franklin. He edited a popular series of school and critical editions of many English poets, and Harper’s Cyclopedia of Poetry. Co. Har. Le. Rob.

Sargent, Fitzwilliam. Ms., 1820- ——. Grand-nephew of W. Sargent, 1st, and father of John Singer Sargent, the artist. A Philadelphia surgeon who went to live in Switzerland in 1854. Bandaging and Other Operations of Minor Surgery.

Sargent, Henry Winthrop. Ms., 1810-1882. A noted horticulturist of Fishkill, New York. Skeleton Routes through England, etc.; Treatise on Landscape Gardening. Ap.

Sargent, John Osborne. Ms., 1811-1891. Brother of E. Sargent, supra. A lawyer and journalist of New York city. He translated Grün’s Last Knight; and published, also, Papers for the Times by a Berkshire Farmer; and Horatian Echoes: Translation of the Odes of Horace. Hou.

Sargent, Lucius Manlius. Ms., 1786-1867. Brother of H. W. Sargent, supra, and a distant cousin of W. Sargent, 1st, infra. A once prominent temperance advocate of Boston. Temperance Tales, a very popular work; Dealings with the Dead; The Irrepressible Conflict; Hubert and Ellen, and Other Poems; Translations from the Minor Latin Poets. See Reminiscences of, by Sheppard, 1889.

Sargent, Nathan. Vt., 1794-1875. A journalist and politician. Life of Henry Clay; Public Men and Events (1875).

Sargent, Winthrop. Ms., 1753-1820. A patriot soldier in the Revolutionary War, governor of Northwest Territory, 1798-1800, and of Mississippi Territory, 1790 and 1801. Papers Relating to Certain American Antiquities; Boston, a poem.

Sargent, Winthrop. Pa., 1825-1870. Grandson of W. Sargent, supra. A lawyer of New York city. Life of Major André, a work displaying much research. He also edited the History of Braddock’s Expedition, from Original Papers.

Sartwell, Henry Parker. Ms., 1792-1867. A botanist and physician of Penn Yan, New York, who from 1840 devoted his attention to the genus Carex. His herbarium of more than eight thousand specimens is in Hamilton College. Carices Americanæ Exsiccatæ.

Satterlee, Henry Yates. N. Y., 1843- ——. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Washington, prior to 1896 a prominent clergyman of New York city. A Creedless Gospel and the Gospel Creed. Scr.

Saunders, Frederick. E., 1807-1902. The librarian of the Astor Library, New York city, 1859-96. New York in a Nut-Shell; Salad for the Solitary and Salad for the Social; Memoirs of the Great Metropolis; The Story of Some Famous Books; Story of the Discovery of the New World by Columbus (1892); Pastime Papers; Stray Leaves of Literature; Character Studies. Ran. Wh.

Savage, Edward Hartwell. N. H., 1812-1893. A Boston policeman and justice of the peace. Boston Police Recollections; Five Thousand Boston Events, 1630-1880.

Savage, James. Ms., 1784-1873. A Boston lawyer eminent as a genealogist. He is best known as the author of a Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England, upon which twenty years of labour were expended.

Savage, John. I., 1828-1888. A journalist of New York city, and subsequently of Washington. Poems; Picturesque Ireland; Lays of the Folkstead; Modern Revolutionary History of Ireland; Our Living Representative Men; Life of Andrew Johnson; Fenian Heroes and Martyrs; Sibyl, a tragedy; and several other plays.

Savage, Minot Judson. Me., 1841- ——. A Unitarian clergyman of prominence among radical thinkers, pastor of Unity Church, Boston, 1874-96, and, since the latter year, of the Church of the Messiah in New York city. Christianity the Science of Manhood; Beliefs About Man; Belief in God; Life Questions; Poems; The Religion of Evolution; The Religion of Morals; Talks About Jesus; The Modern Sphinx; Man, Woman, and Child; Social Problems; My Creed; Religious Reconstruction; Signs of the Times; Helps for Daily Living; Four Great Questions Concerning God; The Evolution of Christianity; Is This a Good World?; Jesus and Modern Life; A Man; Light on the Cloud; Bluffton, a novel; The Minister’s Handbook. See Men of Progress of Massachusetts. El.

Savage, Philip Henry. Ms., 1868-1899. Son of M. J. Savage, supra. A Boston littérateur. First Poems and Fragments. Cop.

Savage, Richard Henry. N. Y., 1846-1903. A novelist. My Official Wife; For Life and Love; A Daughter of Judas; The Anarchist; Delilah of Harlem; In the Old Chateau; The Little Judge of Lagunitas; The Masked Venus; The Flying Halcyon; Miss Devereux of the Mariquita; After Many Years, and Other Poems. Ne.

Sawtelle, Henry Allen. Me., 1832-1885. A Baptist clergyman of San Francisco and elsewhere. Open Communion; Things to Think Of. Ne.

Sawyer, Mrs. Caroline Mehetabel [Fisher]. Ms., 1812-1894. Wife of T. J. Sawyer, infra. The Poetry of Hebrew Tradition.

Sawyer, Frederick William. Me., 1810-1875. A Boston lawyer. Merchant’s and Shipmaster’s Guide; Plea for Amusements; Hits at American Whims.

Sawyer, Leicester Ambrose. N. Y., 1807-1898. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, after 1860 a resident of Whitesboro, New York, prominent as a biblical scholar. Elements of Biblical Interpretation; Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; A Critical Exposition of Baptism; Organic Christianity; Reconstruction of Bible Theories. He made a translation of the Scriptures, of which the New Testament was published.

Sawyer, Lemuel. N. C., 1777-1852. A North Carolina lawyer. Life of John Randolph; Autobiography.

Sawyer, Thomas Jefferson. Vt., 1804-1899. A Universalist clergyman and educator, after 1869 a professor of theology at Tufts College. Doctrine of Eternal Salvation; Who Is God,—the Son or the Father?; Endless Punishment in the Very Words of its Advocates.

Saxe, John Godfrey. Vt., 1816-1887. A lawyer and littérateur of Vermont and subsequently of New York, widely known as a humourous poet. Progress; A New Rape of the Lock; The Proud Miss McBride; The Money King; Clever Songs of Many Nations; The Masquerade; Leisure Day Rhymes; Fables and Lyrics in Rhyme. Hou.

Say, Thomas. Pa., 1787-1834. A zoölogist who was the first curator of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. In 1825 he removed to New Harmony, Indiana, and was the agent of the Owen socialist colony there. Vocabularies of Indian Languages; American Conchology; American Entomology. His Complete Writings on Conchology have been edited by Binney, and those on Entomology by Le Conte. See Memoir by Ord.

Sayles, John. N. Y., 1825-1897. A Texas jurist, professor in Baylor University from 1880. Practice in the District and Supreme Courts of Texas; Civil Jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in the State of Texas; Principles of Pleading in Civil Actions in the Courts of Texas; Probate Laws of Texas; Laws of Business; Constitution of Texas, with Notes; Notes on Texan Reports, include the larger number of his professional writings. See Bibliography of Texas.

Sayre, Lewis Albert. N. J., 1820-1900. A distinguished surgeon of New York city, professor of orthopædic surgery in Bellevue Hospital College. Practical Manual of the Treatment of Club-Foot; Lectures on Orthopædic Surgery; Spinal Curvature and its Treatment. Ap.

Scarborough, William Saunders. Ga., 1852- ——. An educator of African descent, professor of ancient languages in Wilberforce University, Ohio, from 1877. First Lessons in Greek; Theory and Functions of the Thematic Vowel in the Greek Verb.

Schaeffer [shā´fe̯r], Charles Frederick. Pa., 1807-1879. Son of F. D. Shaeffer, infra. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor of systematic theology in the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia, 1864-76. A System of Lutheran Theology is one of several important works which he translated from the German. See American Lutheran Biographies.