EXPLANATORY NOTE. (continued 11)

Nye, Bill. See Nye, Edgar.

Nye, Edgar Wilson. Me., 1850-1896. A humourous journalist whose writing, though very popular, is ephemeral in its nature and of little or no literary value. Bill Nye and the Boomerang; Forty Liars, and Other Lies; Baled Hay; Bill Nye’s Blossom Rock; Remarks; Bill Nye’s Thinks; The Cadi, a comedy; Comic History of the United States; A Guest at the Ludlow, and Other Stories; Comic History of England. Lip.

Nystrom, John William. 18— -1885. An engineer in the United States navy. Treatise on Parabolic Construction of Ships; Technological Education; The Force of Falling Bodies; Treatise on the Elements of Mechanics; New Treatise on Steam Engineering; Pocket Book of Mechanics and Engineering; Principles of Dynamics; Treatise on Screw Propellers. Bai. Lip.

O

Oakes, Urian. E., 1631-1681. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the church in Cambridge, and president of Harvard College, 1675-81. He is chiefly remembered for his Elegy upon the Death of Thomas Shepard, a notable poem in six-lined stanzas, but his sermons, in point of style, are the best which were written in America during the colonial period. See Tyler’s American Literature.

Oakey, Alexander F. N. Y., 1850- ——. An architect of Buffalo. Building a Home; Home Grounds; The Art of Life and the Life of Art. Ap. Har.

Oakey, Emily Sullivan. N. Y., 1829-1883. An educator of Albany. Dialogues and Conversations; At the Foot of Parnassus, a collection of verse.

Ober, Frederick Albion. Ms., 1849- ——. A writer of Beverly, Massachusetts, well known as a traveller. Camps in the Caribbees; Young Folks’ History of Mexico; The Silver City; Travels in Mexico; Mexican Resources and Guide to Mexico; Montezuma’s Gold Mines; The Knockabout Club in the Antilles; The Knockabout Club in the Everglades; In the Wake of Columbus; Josephine, Empress of the French. Est. Le. Lo. Mer.

Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxon. Pa., 1868- ——. Son of Mrs. Oberholtzer, infra. A Philadelphia journalist. The Referendum in America, a Discussion of Law-Making by Popular Vote.

Oberholtzer, Mrs. Sara Louisa [Vickers]. Pa., 1841- ——. A verse-writer of Norristown, Pennsylvania. Violet Lee, and Other Poems; Come for Arbutus; Hope’s Heart Bells, a novel; Daisies of Verse; Souvenirs of Occasions. Lip.

O’Brien, Fitz James. I., 1828-1862. A brilliant but erratic journalist of New York city. Poems and Stories; The Diamond Lens, and Other Stories. See Memoir by W. Winter, infra. Scr.

O’Brien, John. I., 1841-1879. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator, professor of ecclesiastical history and sacred theology in Mount St. Mary’s College, Emmittsburg, Maryland, from 1877. He published, in 1879, A History of the Mass and its Ceremonies in the Eastern and Western Churches, which has since passed through fourteen editions. It is non-controversial in character, and is clear and forcible in its style.

O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey. I., 1797-1880. An historical writer of Albany, and subsequently of New York city. History of New Netherlands; Jesuit Relations; Documentary History of New York. He edited many volumes of State and colonial records.

O’Connell, Jeremiah Joseph. I., 1821- ——. A Roman Catholic priest of the Benedictine order in North Carolina. Catholicity in the Carolinas and Georgia; Conferences on the Blessed Trinity.

O’Connor, Joseph. N. Y., 1841- ——. A journalist of Rochester, New York, whose collected Poems appeared in 1895. Put.

O’Connor, William Douglas. Ms., 1832-1889. A clerk in the civil service at Washington. Harrington, a novel; The Good Gray Poet, a defence of Walt Whitman; The Ghost; Three Tales; Hamlet’s Note-Book. Hou.

O’Conor, John Francis Xavier. N. Y., 1852- ——. A Roman Catholic clergyman of the Society of Jesus, a professor in Boston College. Something Real; Lyric and Dramatic Poetry; Reading and the Mind.

Odenheimer, William Henry. Pa., 1817-1879. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of New Jersey, 1859-74, becoming bishop of Northern New Jersey in the latter year. Origin of the Prayer-Book; Essay on Canon Law; The Sacred Scriptures the Imperial Record of the Glory of the Holy Trinity; Jerusalem and its Vicinity; The Devout Churchman’s Companion; The True Catholic no Romanist; Thoughts on Immersion; Bishop White’s Opinions; Sermons, with Memoir. Dut.

Odiorne, Thomas. N. H., 1769-1851. An iron manufacturer of Malden, Massachusetts. The Progress of Refinement, a Poem; Fame and Miscellanies.

O’Donnell, Daniel Kane. Pa., 1838-1871. A Philadelphia journalist who published The Song of Iron and the Song of Slaves, with Other Poems.

O’Donnell, Jessie Fremont. N. Y., 1860- ——. A writer of Lowville, New York. Heart Lyrics; Horseback Sketches.

Officier, Morris. O., 1823-1874. A Lutheran missionary. Plea for a Lutheran Mission in Africa; Western Africa a Mission Field; African Bible Pictures.

O’Hara, Theodore. Ky., 1820-1867. An officer in the United States army during the Mexican War, and subsequently in the Confederate army. He is remembered for his poem, The Bivouac of the Dead, stanzas from which have been inscribed on tablets in several of the national cemeteries.

Olin, Mrs. Julia Matilda [Lynch]. N. Y., 1814-1879. Wife of S. Olin, infra. Words of the Wise; Four Days in July; Curious and Useful Questions on the Bible; The Perfect Light, comprise her most important writings.

Olin, Stephen. Vt., 1797-1851. A Methodist clergyman and educator, president of Wesleyan University from 1842. Travels in Egypt, Arabia Petræa, and the Holy Land; Greece and the Golden Horn; College Life, its Theory and Practice; Youthful Piety. See Life and Letters, 1857. Meth. Har.

Oliver, Benjamin Lynde. Ms., 1788-1843. A lawyer of Boston. Hints on the Pursuit of Happiness; Rights of an American Citizen; Law Summary; Practical Conveyancing; Forms of Practice; Forms of Chancery. Lit.

Oliver, Mrs. Grace Atkinson [Little] [Ellis]. Ms., 1844-1899. A littérateur of Salem, Massachusetts. Lives of Mrs. Barbauld, Maria Edgeworth, Theodore Parker, Dean Stanley. She edited Tales of Maria Edgeworth; Essays of Mrs. Barbauld; Tales and Poems of Ann and Jane Taylor.

Oliver, Mrs. Martha [Capps]. Il., 1845- ——. A writer of Jacksonville, Illinois. Her writings in verse for juvenile readers comprise, The Story of Columbus; In Slavery Days; The Far West.

Oliver, Peter. N. H., 1822-1855. Nephew of B. L. Oliver, supra. A lawyer of Boston whose Puritan Commonwealth, an historical review of the Puritan government of Massachusetts, presents a not altogether favourable picture of the period under discussion. Lit.

Olmsted [ŭm´sted or ŏm´sted], Alexander Fisher. N. C., 1822-1853. Son of D. Olmsted, infra. A professor of chemistry in the University of North Carolina who published Elements of Chemistry.

Olmsted, Denison. Ct., 1791-1859. A scientist who was professor of natural philosophy at Yale College from 1825. Letters on Astronomy; Compendium of Natural Philosophy; Students’ Commonplace Book; Introduction to Natural Philosophy.

Olmsted, Francis Allyn. N. C., 1819-1844. Son of D. Olmsted, supra. A physician who published Incidents of a Whaling Voyage.

Olmsted, Frederick Law. Ct., 1822-1903. A celebrated landscape architect of Boston. He designed the Central Park of New York city and the park systems of Boston, Buffalo, and many other American cities. Walks and Talks of an American Farmer; A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States; A Journey through Texas; A Journey in the Back Country.

Olney, Jesse. Ct., 1798-1872. A noted educator of Connecticut. The National Preceptor; Geography and Atlas (1828), a standard work for a generation; History of the United States.

Olssen, William Whittingham. N. Y., 1827- ——. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, professor of mathematics in St. Stephen’s College, Annandale, New York, from 1871. Personality, Human and Divine; Revelation, Universal and Special.

Olsson [ōl´sŭn], Olof. Sn., 1841-1900. A Lutheran clergyman, president of Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois, from 1891. At the Cross; Greetings from Afar, a volume of travel; The Christian Hope.

Onderdonk, Henry. L. I., 1804-1886. Nephew of H. U. Onderdonk, infra. An educator of Long Island, principal of Union Hall Academy, 1832-1865. Queens County in Olden Times; Annals of Hempstead, 1643-1832; Long Island and New York in Olden Times.

Onderdonk, Henry Ustick. N. Y., 1789-1858. The second Protestant Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania. Episcopacy Tested by Scripture, republished as Episcopacy Examined and Re-Examined; Essay on Regeneration; Sermons and Charges; Family Devotions.

O’Neall, John Belton. S. C., 1793-1863. A South Carolina jurist. Digest of the Negro Law; Annals of Newberry District; Bench and Bar of South Carolina.

Opdyke, George. N. J., 1805-1880. A banker of New York city, and mayor of that city, 1862-63. Treatise on Political Economy; Report on the Currency; Official Documents and Addresses.

Optic, Oliver. See Adams, W. T.

O’Reilly, Henry. I., 1800-1886. A journalist of Rochester, New York. Sketches of Rochester; American Political Anti-Masonry.

O’Reilly, John Boyle. I., 1844-1890. A noted journalist of Boston, editor of The Pilot. In his youth he was concerned in a Fenian outbreak in Ireland, and banished to Australia. Escaping thence he came to America in 1869 and settled in Boston, where his talents speedily secured recognition. Much of his work in verse is ephemeral, but his best lines have the ring of true poetry. Songs, Legends, and Ballads; Moondyne; The Statues in the Block, and Other Poems; Songs of the Southern Seas; In Bohemia. In prose he published, Stories and Sketches; The Ethics of Boxing. See Life by J. J. Boche, infra; Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 42.

O’Reilly, Miles. See Halpine.

Orme, Mary. See Nichols, Mrs.

Ormond, Alexander Thomas. Pa., 1847- ——. Stuart professor of mental science and logic at Princeton University from 1883. Basal Concepts in Philosophy. Scr.

Orne, Mrs. Caroline [Chaplin]. Ms., 18— -1882. Niece of J. Chaplin, 1st, supra. A once popular magazinist, who was the author of more than two hundred and fifty stories.

Orne, Caroline Frances. Ms., 1818- ——. A Cambridge writer of verse, and also of stories for children. Her life has all been passed in Cambridge, her native place. A Day in the Woodlands; Lucy’s Party, and Other Tales; Sweet Auburn and Mount Auburn, with Other Poems; Morning Songs of American Freedom.

Orton, Edward. N. Y., 1829-1899. The State geologist of Ohio from 1883. Economic Geology of Ohio; Petroleum and Inflammable Gas. Clke.

Orton, James. N. Y., 1830-1877. A Congregational clergyman, well known as a naturalist, who was professor of natural history at Vassar College, 1869-1877. Comparative Zoölogy; The Andes and the Amazon; Underground Treasures; Liberal Education of Women. Bai. Har.

Orton, James Rockwood. N. Y., 1800-1867. A littérateur of New York city. Poetical Sketches; Arnold, and Other Poems; Camp Fires of the Red Men; Confidential Experiences of a Spiritualist. Mac.

Osborn, Henry Fairfield. Ct., 1857- ——. A professor of biology at Columbia College. From the Greeks to Darwin, an outline of the evolution idea. Mac.

Osborn, Henry Stafford. Pa., 1823-1894. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, professor in Miami University, Ohio, 1871-73. Palestine Past and Present; Fruits and Flowers of the Holy Land; Scientific Metallurgy of Iron and Steel in the United States; Manual of Bible Geography; Ancient Egypt in the Light of Recent Discoveries; Little Pilgrims in the Holy Land; New Descriptive Geography of Palestine; The Prospector’s Field Book and Guide; A Practical Manual of Minerals, Mines, and Mining. Bai. Clke.

Osborn, John. Ms., 1713-1753. A physician of Middletown, Connecticut, whose Whaling Song was long popular among sailors.

Osborn, Laughton. N. Y., 1809-1878. An artist and littérateur of New York city. Confessions of a Poet; Sixty Years of the Life of Jeremy Levis; The Vision of Rubeta; Arthur Carryl; Handbook of Oil Painting; Travels by Sea and Land, and a number of comedies and tragedies, include the most of his writing.

Osborn, Selleck. Ct., 1783-1826. A journalist, once popular as a poet, who published Poems, Moral, Sentimental, and Satirical.

Osborne, [Samuel] Duffield. L. I., 1858- ——. A littérateur of New York city. The Spell of Ashtaroth; The Robe of Nessus. Scr.

Oscanyan, Hatchik. Ty., 1818- ——. An Armenian writer of New York city who took the name of Christopher. Acaby, a satirical romance; Veronica, a novel; Bedig, a work for young readers; The Sultan and His People, once a very popular work.

Osgood, Mrs. Frances Sargent [Locke]. Ms., 1811-1850. A verse-writer whose poems were for a time extremely popular. She was the wife of an artist, and lived some years in London. The Casket of Fate; A Wreath of Wild Flowers from New England; The Happy Release, a play written for Sheridan Knowles; Poems. See Life by Griswold; Allibone’s Dictionary.

Osgood, Samuel. Ms., 1748-1813. A statesman who was a member of the Continental Congress, 1780-84, and naval officer of the port of New York, 1803-13. Letter on Episcopacy; Remarks on Daniel and Revelation; Theology and Metaphysics.

Osgood, Samuel. Ms., 1812-1880. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor of the Church of the Messiah in New York city, 1849-69. In 1870 he entered the Episcopal ministry, but assumed no parochial duties. Studies in Christian Biography; God with Men; Mile-Stones in our Life Journey; The Hearthstone; Student Life; The Gospel Among the Animals; American Leaves; The New Hampshire Book (with C. J. Fox). His published orations upon patriotic events, notable men, and historic themes, are numerous. Har.

Osler, William. Ont., 1849- ——. A physician, professor in Johns Hopkins University from 1889. Clinical Notes on Small-Pox; Histology Notes for Students; Cerebral Palsies of Children; Principles and Practice of Medicine; Diagnosis of Abdominal Tumors. Ap.

Osmun, Thomas Embley. “Alfred Ayres.” O., 1826-1902. An author of New York city. The Verbalist; The Orthoepist; an annotated edition of Cobbett’s Grammar; The Mentor; Acting and Actors; The Essentials of Elocution. Ap. Fu.

Ossoli [ŏs´o-lee], Sarah Margaret [Fuller], Marchioness d’. Ms., 1810-1850. A once famous writer of Boston whose personality was more than anything she ever wrote, and who is little more than a name to the present generation. She was a gifted woman, and as a teacher in Boston, editor of The Dial, and literary critic for The New York Tribune, was a prominent figure. In 1845 she went to Italy, and there was married to the Marquis d’Ossoli. Woman in the Nineteenth Century; Art, Literature, and the Drama; At Home and Abroad; A Summer on the Lakes. See Memoir by Emerson, W. H. Channing, and J. F. Clarke; Lives by Higginson, Mrs. J. W. Howe; Galaxy Magazine, May, 1878; Lowell’s Fable for Critics.

Oswald, Felix Leopold. Bm., 1845- ——. A naturalist of Tennessee. Physical Education; Summerland Sketches; Zoölogical Sketches; Household Remedies; The Secret of the East, or the Origin of the Christian Religion; Days and Nights in the Tropics; The Bible of Nature; The Poison Problem. Ap. Lip. Lo.

Otis, Mrs. Eliza Henderson [Bordman]. Ms., 1796-1873. Daughter-in-law of H. G. Otis, infra. A philanthropist and social leader in Boston who wrote The Barclays of Boston, a novel.

Otis, Elwell Stephen. Md., 1838- ——. A United States army officer. The Indian Question.

Otis, Fessenden Nott. N. Y., 1825-1900. A physician of New York city. Lessons in Drawing; Tropical Journeyings; History of the Panama Railroad; Stricture of the Male Urethra; Clinical Lessons on Syphilis; Physiology of Syphilitic Infection.

Otis, George Alexander. Ms., 1830-1881. A surgeon who was curator of the Army Medical Museum at Washington. Report of Surgical Cases Treated in the United States Army, 1867-71; Amputation at the Hip Joint.

Otis, Harrison Gray. Ms., 1765-1848. Nephew of J. Otis, infra. A prominent citizen of Boston famous for his eloquence. Letters in Defence of the Hartford Convention; Orations and Addresses.

Otis, James. Ms., 1725-1783. A celebrated orator and politician, and one of the most active advocates of American independence. He was an impetuous, vehement speaker, and seldom failed to carry his hearers with him. Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Approved; Vindication of the British Colonies; Considerations on Behalf of the Colonists; A Vindication of the Rights of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts Bay. See Life by Tudor.

Otis, James. See Kaler.

Ott, Isaac. Pa., 1847- ——. A physician who has published Cocaine, Veratria, and Gelseminum; Action of Medicines; Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System.

Otts, John Martin Philip. S. C., 1838-1901. A Presbyterian minister of Talladega, Alabama. Nicodemus with Jesus; Light and Life for a Dead World; The Southern Pen and Pulpit; Inter-denominational Literature; The Gospel of Honesty; Laconisms; The Fifth Gospel; Unsettled Questions; At Mother’s Knee. Rev.

Overman, Frederick. G., c. 1810-1852. A mining engineer of Philadelphia. The Manufacture of Iron; The Manufacture of Steel; Political Mineralogy; Moulder’s and Founder’s Pocket Guide; Mechanics for the Millwright, etc.; Treatise on Metallurgy. Ap. Bai.

Owen, Catherine. See Nitsch, Mrs.

Owen, David Dale. S., 1807-1860. Brother of R. D. Owen, infra. The State geologist of Indiana. Report of a Geological Survey of Kentucky; Geological Survey of Wisconsin; Report of a Geological Reconnoissance.

Owen, John Jason. N. Y., 1803-1869. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator of New York city. Commentary on the Gospels; Acts of the Apostles in Greek, with Lexicon; and text-book editions of Xenophon, Thucydides, and Homer.

Owen, Richard. S., 1810-1890. Brother of R. D. Owen, infra, and of D. D. Owen, supra. A geologist of New Harmony, Indiana. He succeeded his brother David as State geologist in 1860, and was author of a Key to the Geology of the Globe.

Owen, Robert Dale. S., 1801-1877. A prominent writer of New Harmony, Indiana, the son of Robert Owen, the noted Scottish socialist. He was active in political life, and was an ardent advocate of Spiritualism. Outlines of the System of Education at New Lanark; Moral Physiology; Popular Traits; Pocahontas, a drama; Hints on Public Architecture; The Wrong of Slavery and the Right of Freedom; Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World; Beyond the Breakers, a novel; Threading my Way; Debatable Land between this World and the Next. See Woollen’s Biographical Sketches of Early Indiana; Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 42. Lip.

P

Packard, Alpheus Spring. Me., 1839- ——. A naturalist of eminence, professor of geology and zoölogy in Brown University from 1878. Zoölogy; Life Histories of Animals, or Comparative Embryology; Guide to the Study of Insects; Half-Hours with Insects; Our Common Insects; Entomology for Beginners; A Naturalist on the Labrador Coast; Observations on the Glacial Phenomena of Labrador and Maine. Est. Ho.

Packard, Frederick Adolphus. Ms., 1794-1867. A Philadelphia writer, editor for nearly forty years of the publications of the American Sunday School Union. The Teacher Taught; Life of Robert Owen; Visit to European Hospitals; The Teacher Teaching; Union Bible Dictionary, include his most important writings.

Packard, John Hooker. Pa., 1832- ——. Son of F. A. Packard, supra. A surgeon of Philadelphia, surgeon to the Pennsylvania Hospital from 1884. Manual of Minor Surgery; Lectures on Inflammation; Handbook of Operative Surgery; Sea Air and Sea Bathing. Lip.

Packard, Lewis Richard. Pa., 1836-1884. Son of F. A. Packard, supra. An educator who was professor of Greek at Yale University from 1866, and author of Studies in Greek Thought.

Packard, Silas Sadler. Ms., 1826-1898. An educator who founded a business college in New York city. Bryant and Stratton’s Bookkeeping Series; Complete Course of Business Training; Commercial Arithmetic; New Manual of Bookkeeping.

Paddock, Benjamin Henry. Ct., 1828-1891. The fifth Protestant Episcopal bishop of Massachusetts, 1873-1891. Ten Years in the Episcopate; The First Century of the Diocese of Massachusetts; The Pastoral Relation; The Foundation of Religious Belief. Ap.

Paddock, Mrs. Cornelia. 18— - ——. In the Toils; The Fate of Madame la Tour, a Tale of Great Salt Lake. Fo.

Page, Charles Edward. Me., 1840- ——. A physician of Boston. How to Treat the Baby; Natural Cure of Consumption; Horses: their Feed and Feet; Pneumonia and Typhoid Fever.

Page, Charles Grafton. Ms., 1812-1868. An examiner in the Patent Office at Washington from 1840, who published Psychomancy, Spirit Rappings, and Table Tippings Exposed.

Page, David Perkins. N. H., 1810-1845. A once prominent educator of Albany whose Theory and Practice of Teaching was long popular.

Page, Emily Rebecca. Vt., 1834-1862. A verse-writer of Vermont whose work, which enjoyed local fame, is included in the volume, Lily of the Valley.

Page, Richard Channing Moore. Va., 1841-1898. A physician of New York city, but during the Civil War a Confederate officer. Genealogy of the Page Family of Virginia; Sketch of Page’s Battery, Lee’s Army; Chart of Physical Diagnosis.

Page, Thomas Jefferson. Va., 1808-1899. A naval officer in the service of the Southern Confederacy, 1861-62. La Plata, the Argentine Confederation, and Paraguay.

Page, Thomas Nelson. Va., 1853- ——. A lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, whose studies of Southern life are notable for a singular charm of style. In Old Virginia; Two Little Confederates; On Newfound River; Elsket, and Other Stories; The Old South; Pastime Stories; Essays, Social and Political; Unc’ Edinburg, a Plantation Echo; The Burial of the Guns; Polly; Among the Camps; Meh Lady; Marse Chan; Befo’ de War (with A. C. Gordon, supra). Har. Scr.

Paige, Lucius Robinson. Ms., 1802-1896. A Universalist clergyman who retired from the ministry in 1839, and subsequently filled several offices of trust in Cambridge. Commentary on the New Testament; History of Cambridge, 1630-1877, with Genealogical Register; History of Hardwick, Massachusetts. Hou.

Paine, Elijah. Vt., 1796-1853. A jurist and legal writer of New York city. Paine’s Reports; Practice in Civil Actions and Proceedings in the State of New York (with W. Duer, supra).

Paine, Halbert Eleazar. O., 1826- ——. A Federal army officer during the Civil War, and subsequently a lawyer in Washington, whose Treatise on the Law of Elections to Public Offices is a much-valued work. Lit.

Paine, Harriet Eliza. “E. Chester.” Ms., 1845- ——. A Boston educator. Girls and Women, a helpful book for girls. Hou.

Paine, Martyn. Vt., 1794-1877. A physician of New York city. Medical and Physiological Commentaries; Institutes of Medicine; The Cholera Asphyxia of New York (1832); Physiology of Digestion; Physiology of the Soul and Instinct as distinguished from Materialism; Review of Theoretical Geology; The Philosophy of Vitality; Defence of the Medical Profession of the United States; A Therapeutical Arrangement of Materia Medica; Organic Life Distinguished from Chemical and Physical Doctrines. See Gross’s Sketches of Contemporaries.

Paine, Robert. N. C., 1799-1882. A prominent Methodist bishop whose Life and Times of Bishop McKendree was once a popular biography.

Paine, Robert Treat. Ms., 1773-1811. A once noted verse-writer of Boston whose spirited song, Adams and Liberty, has preserved his memory. He gave up his profession of law for literary pursuits, and received large sums for his poems, among which are, The Invention of Letters, and The Ruling Passion. His work was stilted and conventional, with the exception of the song named above. His collected Verse and Prose, edited by Prentiss, appeared in 1812. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

Paine, Thomas. E., 1737-1809. A celebrated political and deistical writer of English birth who came to America in 1774, and in 1776 issued his famous pamphlet, Common Sense, which was of great service to the American cause. In the American Crisis, published in numbers, 1776-83, he continued his defence of America. His other works include, The Rights of Man, a reply to Burke’s “Reflections on the French Revolution”; The Age of Reason, a work inferior to his other writings in matter and style, and fiercely assailed by the religious sentiment of his day. His works have been ably edited by M. D. Conway (1894-95), supra. See Lives by Chatham, Cobbett, Rickman, G. Chalmers, G. Vale, Sherwin, M. D. Conway; Atlantic Monthly, July, November, and December, 1859; Nineteenth Century, March, 1879; McMaster’s History of the People of the United States, Watson’s Men and Times of the Revolution; Allibone’s Dictionary; Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 43. Put.

Paine, Timothy Otis. Me., 1824-1895. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Elmwood, Massachusetts. Solomon’s Temple and Capitol; Idolatrous High Places. Hou.

Palfrey [pawl´fri], Francis Winthrop. Ms., 1831-1889. Son of J. G. Palfrey, infra. An officer in the Federal army during the Civil War, and from 1872 register of bankruptcy in Boston. Antietam and Fredericksburg; Memoir of William Francis Bartlett. Hou. Scr.

Palfrey, John Gorham. Ms., 1796-1881. A Unitarian clergyman in Cambridge, professor of sacred literature in Harvard University, 1831-37, subsequently a member of Congress, and postmaster of Boston, 1861-67. His literary reputation rests upon his History of New England, a painstaking, accurate work, but not especially attractive in style, and marred by want of perspective. Other works by him are, Lectures on the Jewish Scriptures; The Relation between Judaism and Christianity. Hou. Lit.

Palfrey, Sarah Hammond. “E. Foxton.” Ms., 1823- ——. Daughter of J. G. Palfrey, supra. A novelist and verse-writer of Cambridge. Her work in verse comprises, Prémices; Sir Pavon and St. Pavon; The Chapel; The Blossoming Rod; Agnes Wentworth. In fiction she has published Katharine Morne; Herman, or Young Knighthood. Le.

Palmer, Alonzo Benjamin. N. Y., 1815-1887. A physician who was medical professor in the University of Michigan from 1852. Homœopathy, What Is It?; The Treatment of the Science and Practice of Medicine; Epidemic Cholera; Temperance Teachings of Science; Diarrhœa and Dysentery.

Palmer, Mrs. Anna [Campbell]. “Mrs. George Archibald.” N. Y., 1854- ——. A writer of Elmira, New York. The Summerville Prize; Little Brown Seed; Lally Gay; Lally Gay and her Sister; Verses from a Mother’s Corner.

Palmer, Benjamin Morgan. S. C., 1818-1902. A Presbyterian minister of New Orleans. Life and Letters of James Thornwell, infra; Sermons; The Family in its Civil and Churchly Aspects; Formation of Character; The Broken Home; Theology of Prayer.

Palmer, Elihu. Ct., 1764-1806. A writer of New York city who was in his early career a Congregational minister, but became a deist and a political agitator. The Principles of Nature; Prospect or View of the Moral World from 1804.

Palmer, Mrs. Frances [Purdy]. N. Y., 1839- ——. A journalist and lecturer of Providence who has published A Dead Level, and Other Episodes.

Palmer, George Herbert. Ms., 1842- ——. Alford professor of natural religion, moral philosophy, and civil polity at Harvard University. He has published The New Education, and an English translation of the Odyssey in rhythmic prose. Hou. Lit.

Palmer, Mrs. Henrietta [Lee]. Md., 1834- ——. Wife of J. W. Palmer, infra. The Stratford Gallery, or the Shakespeare Sisterhood; Home Life in the Bible; The Heroines of Shakespeare.

Palmer, Horatio Richmond. N. Y., 1834- ——. Elements of Musical Composition; Theory of Music.

Palmer, John Williamson. Md., 1825- ——. A physician and littérateur of Baltimore and subsequently of New York city. The Queen’s Heart: a Comedy; The Beauties and Curiosities of Engraving; After His Kind, a novel; The Golden Dagon, or Up and Down the Irrawaddi; The New and the Old, or California and India.

Palmer, Julius Auboineau. Ms., 1840-1899. About Mushrooms; Memories of Hawaii; One Voyage and its Consequences; Mushrooms of America; Again in Hawaii. Le. Lo. Wn.

Palmer, Lynde. See Peebles, Mrs.

Palmer, Mrs. Phœbe Worrell. N. Y., 1807-1874. A Wesleyan evangelist of New York city, whose writing is mainly concerned with the doctrine of perfection. The Way of Holiness; Entire Devotion; Faith and its Effect; Promises of the Father; Four Years in the Old World; Pioneer Experiences. See Life and Letters of, 1876.

Palmer, Ray. R. I., 1808-1887. A Congregational clergyman of Albany, widely known as a writer of hymns, the most famous of which is, “My Faith Looks up to Thee.” Home, or the Unlost Paradise; Spiritual Improvement; Closet Hours; Hymns and Poems; Hymns of My Holy Hours; Remember Me; Voices of Hope and Gladness. Bar. Le. Ran.

Palmer, William Pitt. Ms., 1805-1884. An insurance president of New York city known also as a verse-writer. Light; Echoes of Half a Century, a collection of poems.

Pancoast, Joseph. N. J., 1805-1882. An eminent surgeon of Philadelphia, professor of surgery in Jefferson Medical College, 1838-74. Operative Surgery; Essays and Lectures; System of Anatomy. See Gross’s Sketches of Contemporaries.

Pancoast, Seth. Pa., 1823-1889. A Philadelphia physician, professor in Pennsylvania Medical College, 1854-62. The Cabala; Consumption; Ladies’ Medical Guide; Boyhood’s Perils; Bright’s Disease.

Pansy. See Alden, Mrs.

Parish, Elijah. Ct., 1762-1825. A Congregational minister, pastor at Byfield, Massachusetts, 1787-1825. He was co-author with Jedediah Morse, supra, of several geographical works, and wrote a New System of Modern Geography. See Sermons of, with Memoir, 1826.

Park, Edwards Amasa. R. I., 1808-1900. A Congregational clergyman in Andover, Massachusetts, professor in the Theological Seminary there, 1835-1881. Discourses and Treatises on the Atonement; Discourses on Some Theological Doctrines as Related to the Religious Character; Lives of S. Hopkins, supra, N. Emmons, supra, B. B. Edwards, supra, S. H. Taylor, infra, W. B. Homer.

Park, Roswell. Ct., 1807-1869. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president and chancellor of Racine College, 1852-63. Sketch of the History of West Point; Jerusalem, and Other Poems; Pantology, or Systematic Survey of Human Knowledge.

Park, Roswell. Ct., 1852- ——. A professor of surgery in the University of Buffalo from 1883 who has published Lectures on Surgical Pathology.

Parke, John. Del., 1754-1789. An officer in the American army during the Revolution, who published The Lyric Works of Horace. The translation, in rhymed verse, was dedicated to Washington, and in it the names of American patriots were substituted for those of the Roman worthies.

Parke, John Grubb. Pa., 1827-1900. A soldier of distinction who was superintendent of the United States Military Academy in 1887, and was retired from active service in 1889. United States Laws Relating to Public Works; Laws Relating to the Construction of Bridges over Navigable Waters.

Parker, Edward Griffin. Ms., 1825-1868. A lawyer of New York city. The Golden Age of American Oratory; Reminiscences of Rufus Choate.

Parker, Edwin Pond. Me., 1836- ——. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford, pastor of the South Church from 1860, Book of Praise; Memorial of H. Bushnell, supra; The Ministry of Natural Beauty.

Parker, Mrs. Elizabeth Lowber [Chandler]. “Bessie Chandler.” N. Y., 1856- ——. A writer of Batavia, New York, who has contributed much to magazines. A Woman who Failed and Others. Rob.

Parker, Foxhall Alexander. N. Y., 1821-1879. A commodore in the United States navy. Fleet Tactics under Steam; The Naval Howitzer Afloat; The Naval Howitzer Ashore; The Fleets of the World; The Battle of Mobile Bay; Elia, or Spain Fifty Years Ago, a translation from the Spanish.

Parker, Francis Wayland. N. H., 1837-1902. A prominent educator of Chicago, principal of Cook County Normal School, and formerly supervisor of the Boston schools. Talks on Teaching; The Practical Teacher; Course in Arithmetic; How to Teach Geography. Ap.

Parker, Sir [Horatio] Gilbert. Ont., 1859- ——. A popular novelist of Canadian birth. Pierre and His People; An Adventurer of the North; A Romany of the Snows; A Lover’s Diary; When Valmond came to Pontiac; The Seats of the Mighty; The Pomp of the Lavillettes; The Battle of the Strong. Hou. St.

Parker, Mrs. Helen Fitch. N. Y., 1827-1874. Wife of H. W. Parker, infra. Sunrise and Sunset; Morning Stars of the New World; Rambles After Land Shells; Missions and Martyrs of Madagascar; Frank’s Search for Sea Shells; Constance of Aylmer, a tale; Blind Florette; Arthur’s Aquarium.

Parker, Henry Webster. N. Y., 1824- ——. Son of S. Parker, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, professor of mental science in Iowa College from 1879. The Story of a Soul, a poem; Verse.

Parker, James Cutler Dunn. Ms., 1828- ——. Nephew of R. G. Parker, infra. A Boston musician. Manual of Harmony; Theoretical and Practical Harmony.

Parker, Joel. N. H., 1795-1875. A jurist of Massachusetts, professor of law at Harvard University, 1847-75. The War Power of Congress; The Right of Secession; The Non-Extension of Slavery; Constitutional Law; Revolution and Construction; The Three Powers of Government; Conflict of Decisions.

Parker, Joel. Vt., 1799-1873. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city. Lectures on Unitarianism; Invitations to True Happiness; Reasonings of a Pastor; Sermons; Notes on Twelve Psalms, include his principal writings. Har.

Parker, Nathan Howe. 18— - ——. Iowa as it is in 1855; Kansas and Nebraska Handbook for 1857-58; The Missouri Handbook (1865); Missouri as it is in 1867, are among his various statistical works.

Parker, Mrs. Permelia Jane [Marsh]. N. Y., 1836- ——. A writer of Rochester, New York. Toiling and Hoping, a novel; The Boy Missionary; Losing the Way; Under His Banner; The Midnight Cry, a novel of the Millerite delusion; Rochester, a Story Historical; Life of S. F. B. Morse, supra; The Morgan Boys; Around the Manger; Andy, the Story of a Troublesome Boy. Cas. Do.

Parker, Peter. Ms., 1804-1888. A Congregational missionary and diplomat in China, and after 1857 a resident of Washington. Journal of an Expedition from Singapore to Japan; Statement respecting Hospitals in China.

Parker, Richard Green. Ms., 1798-1869. An educator of Boston. Natural Philosophy; Aids to English Composition.

Parker, Samuel. Ms., 1799-1866. A Congregational clergyman of New York State, said to have been the first who suggested the possibility of a railway through the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. He published, Exploring Tour Beyond the Rocky Mountains.

Parker, Theodore. Ms., 1810-1860. A famous Unitarian clergyman of West Roxbury, Massachusetts, whose extremely radical views excited great opposition in his denomination, and resulted in his becoming pastor of an independent congregation in Boston. He was very outspoken in his championship of freedom for the slave, temperance, and the rights of labour, and rapidly came to be a controlling influence in contemporary thought. Since his death his influence has deepened both in America and Europe. He was a prolific writer, but the purely literary value of his work is not great. Miscellaneous Writings; Sermons on Theism, Atheism, and Popular Theology; Occasional Sermons and Speeches; Matters Pertaining to Religion; Additional Sermons and Speeches; Sermons for the Times; Experience as a Minister; West Roxbury Sermons; Prayers; Lessons from the World of Matter and the World of Mind; Historic Americans; Views of Religion. His complete works, as edited by Frances Power Cobbe, fill twelve volumes. See Lives by John Weiss, 1864, Réville, 1865, O. B. Frothingham, 1874; The Story of Theodore Parker, by Miss Cobbe; Atlantic Monthly, October, 1860; North American Review, April, 1864. A. U. A. Rob.

Parker, Thomas. E., 1595-1677. A learned Puritan clergyman who was one of the founders of Newbury, Massachusetts, and its first pastor. Parker River, in that region, is named in his honour. Letter on Church Government; Prophecies of Daniel Expounded; Methodus Gratiæ Diviniæ; Theses de Traductione Peccatoris ad Vitam.

Parker, Willard. N. H., 1800-1884. A distinguished surgeon of Philadelphia, professor of surgery in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1839-1869. Cystotomy; Spontaneous Fractures; The Concussion of Nerves, are among his professional monographs.

Parker, William Harwar. N. Y., 1826-1896. Brother of F. Parker, supra. An officer in the Confederate navy during the Civil War. Instruction for Naval Light Artillery; Recollections of a Naval Officer. Scr.

Parkhurst, Charles Henry. Ms., 1842- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, pastor of the Madison Square Church from 1880, and very prominent as a municipal reformer. Forms of the Latin Verb Illustrated by the Sanskrit; The Blind Man’s Creed; The Pattern on the Mount; Three Gates on a Side; What Would the World Be Without Religion?; The Swiss Guide; Our Fight with Tammany. Ran. Rev. Scr.

Parkinson, William. Md., 1774-1848. A Baptist clergyman of New York city. Ecclesiastical History; Public Ministry of the Word; Sermons on Deuteronomy xxxii. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

Parkman, Ebenezer. Ms., 1703-1789. A Congregational pastor in Westborough, Massachusetts, from 1724 till his death. Reformers and Intercessors.

Parkman, Francis. Ms., 1788-1852. Grandson of E. Parkman, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, author of The Offering of Sympathy.

Parkman, Francis. Ms., 1823-1893. Son of F. Parkman, supra. The foremost of American historians. He was born in Boston, was a graduate of Harvard in 1844, and in 1846 explored the wilderness beyond the Rocky Mountains, The Oregon Trail resulting from this journey. For many years he was partially blind, but as far as possible continued the historical work which he was meditating, while as a relaxation he devoted much time to horticulture and published a Book of Roses in 1866. The work of his life was the series of historical narratives called France and England in North America, begun in 1864 and completed in 1892. The work includes, in their order, Pioneers of France in the New World; The Jesuits in North America; La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West; The Old Régime in Canada; Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV.; A Half Century of Conflict; Montcalm and Wolfe. The Conspiracy of Pontiac forms a sequel to the work, though first issued in 1857. The picturesque charm of his style has been widely acknowledged, while his scholarship has never been questioned. See Life and Uncollected Papers, by Farnham; Life by H. D. Sedgwick, 1904; Atlantic Monthly, November, 1874, May, 1894; Canadian Magazine, October, 1884; Harvard Graduates’ Magazine, June, 1895; Vedder’s American Writers. Lit.

Parkman, George. Ms., 1791-1849. Grandson of E. Parkman, supra. A Boston physician who published Insanity and the Management of the Insane. See Trial of Webster for the Murder of Dr. Parkman, 1850.

Parks, Leighton. N. Y., 1852- ——. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston (1878-1904), and later of New York. His Star in the East; Winning of the Soul, and Other Sermons. Dut. Hou.

Parley, Peter. See Goodrich, S. G.

Parloa, Maria. Ms., 1843- ——. A lecturer and writer upon domestic economy, especially upon the science of food preparation. First Principles of Household Management and Cookery; Kitchen Companion; The Young Housekeeper; New Cook Book and Marketing Guide. Est. Hou.

Parrish, Edward. Pa., 1822-1872. Son of Joseph Parrish, 1st, infra. An educator and pharmacist of Philadelphia, and president of Swarthmore College, 1868-70. Introduction to Practical Pharmacy; The Phantom Bouquet, a Treatise on Skeletonizing Leaves; Essay on Education in the Society of Friends.

Parrish, John. Md., 1729-1807. A Quaker preacher of Pennsylvania noted as an early opponent of slavery, who published Remarks on the Slavery of the Black Race.

Parrish, Joseph. Pa., 1779-1840. Nephew of J. Parrish, supra. An eminent Philadelphia physician who was the author of Practical Observations on Strangulated Hernia. See Memoir by G. B. Wood.

Parrish, Joseph. Pa., 1818-1891. Son of Joseph Parrish, supra. A physician of Burlington, New Jersey, famous as an authority upon the treatment of inebriates. Alcoholic Inebriety from the Medical Standpoint.

Parry, Charles Christopher. E., 1823-1890. A botanist of Davenport, Iowa, among whose writings are, Botanical Observations in Western Wyoming; Botanical Observations in Southern Utah.

Parsons, Mrs. Frances Theodora [Smith] [Dana]. N. Y., 1861- ——. A writer of Albany whose books were published under the name of Mrs. William Starr Dana. How to Know the Wild Flowers; According to Season; Plants and Their Children. Am. Scr.

Parsons, Frank. N. J., 1855- ——. A lawyer of Boston. The World’s Best Books; Our Country’s Need, or the Development of a Scientific Industrial System. He has edited several legal works.

Parsons, George Frederic. E., 1840- ——. A journalist of New York city. Life of J. W. Marshall, Discoverer of Gold in California; Middle Ground, a novel.

Parsons, Jonathan. Ms., 1705-1776. A Presbyterian minister of Newburyport, who adopted the views of Whitefield, and in whose house that famous preacher died. Lectures on Justification; Good News from a Far Country, said to be the first book published in New Hampshire; Sixty Sermons; Freedom from Ecclesiastical and Civil Slavery the Purchase of Christ. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

Parsons, Theophilus. Ms., 1750-1813. A jurist of Newburyport and after 1800 of Boston, and chief justice of Massachusetts from 1801. Commentaries on the Law of the United States; The Essex Result, a famous political pamphlet of 1777. See Memoir by his son.

Parsons, Theophilus. Ms., 1797-1882. Son of T. Parsons, supra. A noted legal writer, Dane professor of Law in Harvard University from 1847, and an eminent Swedenborgian thinker. Treatise on the Law of Contracts; Elements of Mercantile Law; The Laws of Business; Maritime Law; Law of Promissory Notes; Principles of the Law of Partnership; The Law of Marine Insurance; Treatise on the Law of Partnership; Political, Personal, and Property Rights of a United States Citizen; Memoir of Chief Justice Parsons, supra; The Ministry of Sorrow; Deus Homo; The Infinite and the Finite; Essays; Outlines of the Religion and Philosophy of Swedenborg; The Mystery of Life. Lip. Lit.

Parsons, Thomas William. Ms., 1819-1892. A poet of Boston who for some years practised his profession of dentistry there. The quality of his writing is uneven, but in such poems as the Lines on a Bust of Dante, and When Francesca Sings, he is at his best. His work includes a much-admired though incomplete translation in English verse of Dante’s Divina Commedia, of which an edition was issued in 1893, with introduction by C. E. Norton, supra, and memorial sketch by Miss Guiney, supra; Ghetto di Roma; The Magnolia; The Old Home at Sudbury; The Shadow of the Obelisk, and Other Poems; Poems (1893). See Atlantic Monthly; Stedman’s Poets of America; Hovey’s Seaward, an Elegy. Hou.

Parsons, Usher. Me., 1788-1868. A surgeon of Providence. The Art of Making Anatomic Preparations; Prize Dissertations; Sailors’ Physician; History of the Battle of Lake Erie; Life of Sir William Pepperell.

Partington, Mrs. See Shillaber.

Parton, James. E., 1822-1891. A popular littérateur of English birth who came to America when very young and for the latter part of his life resided in Newburyport. The permanent value of his writing is not great, with the possible exception of his Life of Voltaire. His other works include, Lives of Greeley, Aaron Burr, Andrew Jackson, Franklin, Jefferson; General Butler in New Orleans; Famous Americans of Recent Times; Smoking and Drinking; Captains of Industry; Triumphs of Enterprise; Noted Women of America and Europe; The People’s Book of Biography; Caricature and Other Comic Art; Topics of the Times (1871). See New England Magazine, January, 1893. Cr. Har. Hou.

Parton, Mrs. Sarah Payson [Willis] [Eldridge]. “Fanny Fern.” Me., 1811-1872. Wife of J. Parton, supra, and sister of N. P. Willis, infra. A once popular but now neglected writer who for some sixteen years contributed a weekly article to The New York Ledger. Her writing was fresh and piquant in style, but wholly ephemeral in character. Rose Clark, a novel; Ruth Hall, a novel more or less autobiographic; Fern Leaves; Folly as it Flies; Ginger Snaps; Caper Sauce. See Memoir by J. Parton, supra.

Partridge, William Ordway. F., 1861- ——. A sculptor of Milton, Massachusetts. Art for America; The Technique of Sculpture; The Song Life of a Sculptor. Gi. Rob.

Parvin, Theodore Sutton. N. J., 1817-1901. An educator of Iowa, professor in Iowa University, 1859-70. History of Iowa; History of Templary in Iowa.

Parvin, Theophilus. Ar., 1829-1898. A Philadelphia physician, professor in Jefferson Medical College, who was author of The Science and Art of Obstetrics.

Paschall, George Washington. Ga., 1812-1878. A jurist of Texas, and later of Washington, where he was professor of jurisprudence in Georgetown College. Annotated Digest of Texas Laws; Decisions of Texas Supreme Court; Annotated Constitution of the United States.

Patten, Claudius Buchanan. 1828-1886. A banker of Boston who published, in 1885, England as Seen by an American Banker. Lo.

Patten, George Washington. R. I., 1808-1882. Son of W. Patten, infra. An officer in the United States army who wrote the noted lyrics, The Seminole’s Reply; Joys that We’ve Tasted. His published books include, Army Manual; Infantry Tactics; Cavalry Drill; Voices of the Border, a volume of verse.

Patten, Simon Nelson. Il., 1852- ——. A professor of political economy in the University of Pennsylvania from 1888. The Stability of Prices; The Consumption of Wealth; Economic Basis of Protection; Principles of Rational Taxation; Educational Value of Political Economy; Theory of Dynamic Economics; The Premises of Political Economy; The Theory of Social Forces.

Patten, William. Ms., 1763-1839. A Congregational clergyman of Newport, Rhode Island. Christianity the True Religion; Reminiscences of Samuel Hopkins, supra.

Patterson, Christopher Stuart. Pa., 1842- ——. A lawyer of Philadelphia, professor of the law of real estate in the University of Pennsylvania from 1887. Memoir of Theodore Cuyler; Railway Accident Law; Federal Restraints on State Action; The United States and the State under the Constitution.

Patterson, Robert. I., 1743-1824. A professor of mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania, 1779-1814, and director of the Philadelphia Mint. The Newtonian System; Treatise on Arithmetic.

Patterson, Robert. I., 1829- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn, California, from 1880. The Fables of Infidelity and the Facts of Faith; The American Sabbath; The Sabbath: Scientific, American, and Christian; Christianity the Only Republican Religion; Christ’s Testimony to the Scriptures; Egypt’s Place in History.

Patterson, Robert Mayne. Pa., 1832- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia. History of Presbyterianism in Philadelphia; Paradise; Visions of Heaven; Elijah the Favored Man; History of the Synod of Pennsylvania.

Patton, Alfred Spencer. E., 1825-1888. A Baptist minister of Utica, and subsequently editor, in New York city, of The Baptist Weekly. Light in the Valley; My Joy and Crown; Kincaid, the Hero Missionary; The Losing and Taking of Mansoul.

Patton, Francis Landey. Ba., 1843- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, president of Princeton College from 1888. Inspiration of the Scriptures; Summary of Christian Doctrine.

Patton, Jacob Harris. Pa., 1812-1903. An historical writer of New York city. Concise History of the American People; Yorktown, 1781-1881; The Democratic Party: its History and Influence; Brief History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States; Natural Resources of the United States; Political Economy for American Youth; Four Hundred Years of American History; Political Parties in the United States. Fo. Lov.

Patton, William. Pa., 1798-1879. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, founder of the Union Theological Seminary. The Laws of Fermentation and the Wines of the Ancients; The Judgment of Jerusalem Predicted in Scripture; Jesus of Nazareth; Bible Principles and Bible Characters.

Patton, William Weston. N. Y., 1821-1889. Grandson of W. Patton, supra. A Congregational clergyman in New York city, and president of Howard University from 1877. Spiritual Victory; Prayer and its Remarkable Answers; The Young Man’s Friend; Conscience and Law; Slavery and Infidelity. Fa.

Paul, John. See Webb, C. H.

Paulding, James Kirke. Md., 1779-1860. A versatile and once popular writer of New York city, the friend of Irving, and co-author with him of The Salmagundi Papers in 1807. He was secretary of the navy, 1837-41. His various writings include: The Diverting History of John Bull and Brother Jonathan, his most successful work; Salmagundi, a second series, 1819; Koningsmarke, the Long Finne, a novel; John Bull in America; The Dutchman’s Fireside; Lay of the Scottish Fiddle, a travesty of the Lay of the Last Minstrel; Westward Ho; Merry Tales of the Three Wise Men of Gotham; The Puritan and his Daughter; The New Mirror for Travellers; The Backwoodsman, a poem; The Bucktails, a Comedy; Letters from the South; Life of George Washington; Slavery in America, a spirited defence of that institution. See Literary Life of Paulding by his son; Appletons’ American Biography. Scr.

Payne, Charles Henry. Ms., 1830-1899. A Methodist clergyman and educator, president of Ohio Wesleyan University, 1876-88. The Social Glass and Christian Obligation; Daniel, the Uncompromising Young Man; Guides and Guards in Character-Building; Methodism, its History and Results; Temperance; Women and their Work in Methodism. Meth.

Payne, Daniel Alexander. S. C., 1811-1893. A Methodist bishop of African descent, president of Wilberforce University, 1865-76. Domestic Education; History of the African Methodist Church; Recollections of Men and Things.

Payne, John Howard. N. Y., 1792-1852. A dramatist and actor of New York city in whose drama of Clari, the Maid of Milan, occurs the famous lyric, Home, Sweet Home, his chief claim to remembrance. From 1841 till his death he was United States consul at Tunis, his remains being removed from there to Washington in 1883. His best plays include, Brutus; Virginius; Charles II. See American Magazine of History, May, 1881; Biographical Sketch by Brainard, 1885.

Payne, William Harold. N. Y., 1836- ——. An educator of Tennessee, chancellor of the University of Nashville, and president of Peabody Normal College from 1888. School Supervision; Outlines of Educational Doctrine; Contributions to the Science of Education; Lectures on Pedagogy. Ap.

Payne, Will[iam Hudson]. Il., 1865- ——. A journalist of Chicago. Jerry the Dreamer, a novel. Har.

Payne, William Morton. Ms., 1858- ——. An educator and literary critic of Chicago, professor of physical science in the High School. Our New Education; Little Leaders. Wy.

Payson, Edward. N. H., 1783-1827. A Congregational clergyman of Portland, Maine, whose three volumes of Sermons were for a long time widely popular in the religious world. See Bibliography of Maine.

Payson, Edward. 1814-1890. A writer of Deering, Maine. The Law of Equivalents in its Relations to Political and Social Ethics; Doctor Tom; The Maine Law in the Balance. Hou. Le.

Peabody, Andrew Preston. Ms., 1811-1893. A Unitarian clergyman of eminence, pastor of a church at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1833-60, and Plummer professor of Christian morals at Harvard University, 1860-81. A conservative, tolerant thinker, greatly beloved by all within the sphere of his influence. Sermons of Consolation; Lectures on Christian Doctrine; Christianity the Fruit of Nature; Moral Philosophy; Faults and Graces of Conversation; Sermons for Children; Christianity and Science; King’s Chapel Sermons; Reminiscences of European Travel; Christian Belief and Life; Baccalaureate Sermons; Building a Character; Harvard Graduates Whom I Have Known; Harvard Reminiscences; translations of the ethical writings of Cicero and Plutarch’s Delay of Divine Justice. A. U. A. Hou. Lit. Rob.

Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer. Ms., 1804-1894. A noted educator of Boston, very active in awakening American interest in the kindergarten system, and in her early life associated in teaching with A. B. Alcott, supra, as related in her Record of a School. Her other works include: Chronological History of the United States; Kindergarten Guide; Æsthetic Papers; Lectures to Kindergartners; First Steps to History; Reminiscences of Dr. Channing; Last Evening with Allston, and Other Papers. Le. Rob.

Peabody, Ephraim. N. H., 1807-1856. Cousin of A. P. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, rector of King’s Chapel, 1846-56. Christian Days and Thoughts; Sermons (with Memoir by S. A. Eliot), 1857.

Peabody, Francis Greenwood. Ms., 1847- ——. Son of E. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Cambridge, Parkman professor of theology at Harvard University, 1880-86, and Plummer professor of Christian morals from 1886. Mornings in the College Chapel. Hou.

Peabody, Oliver William Bourne. N. H., 1799-1848. A lawyer and journalist of Boston, subsequently a Unitarian clergyman and pastor of a church in Burlington, Vermont, 1845-48. He published Lives of Generals Sullivan and Putnam, in Sparks’s American Biography, and an edition of Shakespeare with Life and Notes.

Peabody, William Bourne Oliver. N. H., 1799-1847. Twin brother of O. W. B. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor of a church in Springfield, Massachusetts, 1820-47. He was the author of Lives of A. Wilson, Cotton Mather, Brainerd, and Oglethorpe, in Sparks’s American Biography; and Report on Birds of the Commonwealth. As a verse-writer he is best represented by such poems as Monadnock; Hymn of Nature; Winter Night.

Peacock, Thomas Brower. O., 1852- ——. A verse-writer of Topeka, whose ambitious lines are quite without poetic merit. The Rhyme of the Border War; The Vendetta; Poems of the Plains. Put.

Peale, Charles Wilson. Md., 1741-1827. An artist, inventor, and miscellaneous writer of Philadelphia, among whose works are, On Building Wooden Bridges; Domestic Happiness; Economy in Fuel. See Tuckerman’s Book of the Artists; Biography of, by R. Peale, infra; Boyle’s Distinguished Marylanders.

Peale, Rembrandt. Pa., 1778-1860. Son of C. W. Peale, supra. An artist of Philadelphia. Notes on Italy; Portfolio of an Artist; Graphics. See Tuckerman’s Book of the Artists.

Pearson, Jonathan. N. H., 1813-1887. A genealogist who was professor of chemistry and subsequently of botany at Union College from 1839. Early Records of the County of Albany; Genealogy of the First Settlers of Albany; Genealogies of the First Settlers of Schenectady.

Pease, Theodore Claudius. N. Y., 1853-1893. A Congregational clergyman of Malden, Massachusetts. The Christian Ministry. Hou.

Peaselee, Edmund Randolph. N. H., 1814-1878. A physician of New York city, medical professor in several institutions. Human Histology; Ovarian Tumors. Ap.

Peattie, Mrs. Elia Wilkinson. Mch., 1862- ——. A journalist of Chicago. The Judge, a novel; A Trip through Wonderland, a volume of Alaska travel; With Scrip and Staff, a story of the Children’s Crusade; A Mountain Woman. Wy.

Peck, George. N. Y., 1797-1876. A Methodist clergyman of prominence who was editor of several denominational journals. Christian Perfection; Early Methodism; Wyoming and its History; Universalism Examined; History of the Apostles and Evangelists; Rule of Faith; Manly Character, include his chief works. See Life and Times of, by himself. Meth.

Peck, George Washington. Ms., 1817-1859. A journalist of Boston and New York. Melbourne and the Chinchu Islands.

Peck, George Wesley. Pa., 1849- ——. Great-nephew of J. T. Peck, infra. A Methodist clergyman of Western New York. The Realization and Benefit of Ideals; Walk in the Light.

Peck, George Wilbur. N. Y., 1840- ——. A Wisconsin politician, successively mayor of Milwaukee and governor of Wisconsin. Peck’s Bad Boy; Compendium of Fun, and other works of his, represent almost the lowest depths of vulgarity to which American humour has descended.

Peck, Harry Thurston. Ct., 1856- ——. A professor of Latin at Columbia College and a literary critic. Latin Pronunciation; The Semitic Theory of Creation; The Personal Equation. Har.

Peck, Jesse Truesdell. N. Y., 1811-1883. Brother of G. Peck, supra. A bishop in the Methodist church. The Central Idea of Christianity; The True Woman; What Must I Do to be Saved?; The Great Republic. Meth.

Peck, John Lord. 18— - ——. The Ultimate Generalization of Science; The Political Economy of Democracy and Capital and Labor.

Peck, John Mason. Ct., 1789-1858. A Baptist general missionary in the Western States. New Guide for Emigrants to the West (1836); Father Clark, or the Pioneer Preacher.

Peck, Samuel Minturn. Al., 1854- ——. A popular lyric poet and physician of Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Cap and Bells; Rings and Love Knots; Rhymes and Roses; Fair Women of To-Day. Sto.

Peck, William Guy. Ct., 1820-1892. A soldier and mathematician, professor in Columbia College from 1857. Elementary Mechanics; Popular Astronomy; and a complete course of mathematical text-books.

Peck, William Henry. Ga., 1830-189-. An educator of Georgia and a prolific writer of sensational novels remarkable for an entire absence of any literary quality. Among them are The McDonalds, or the Ashes of Southern Homes; The Confederate Flag of the Ocean; The Brother’s Vengeance. See Davidson’s Living Writers of the South.

Pedder, James. E., 1775-1859. An agricultural writer who came to America in 1832, and settled in Philadelphia as a sugar manufacturer. From 1844 to 1859 he edited The Boston Cultivator. The Farmer’s Land Measure; The Yellow Shoestrings; Frank.

Peebles, Mrs. Mary Louise [Parmelee]. “Lynde Palmer.” N. Y., 1833- ——. A writer of religious juvenile tales and other works, among them being The Little Captain; Helps Over Hard Places; The Good Fight; Where Honour Leads; A Question of Honour, a story; The Magnet Stones; The Two Blizzards. Do. Kt.

Peers, Benjamin Orrs. Va., 1800-1842. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Kentucky, founder of the common school system of Kentucky. American Education.

Peet, Harvey Prindle. Ct., 1794-1873. A noted educator of deaf-mutes in New York city. Course of Instruction for the Deaf and Dumb; Legal Rights of the Deaf and Dumb; History of the United States, include his most important writings.

Peet, Stephen Denison. O., 1830- ——. A Congregational minister, eminent as an anthropologist. The Ashtabula Disaster; History of Ashtabula County, Ohio; Ancient Architecture in America; History of Early Missions in Wisconsin; Picture Writing; Primitive Symbolisms; The Effigy Mounds of Wisconsin. See Bibliography of Wisconsin.

Peffer, William Alfred. Pa., 1831- ——. A prominent lawyer and journalist of Kansas, and well known as a Populist Congressman. Tariff Manual; The Way Out.

Peirce [pêrss], Benjamin. Ms., 1778-1831. A merchant of Salem, Massachusetts, subsequently librarian of Harvard University, who published a History of Harvard University from 1636 to the American Revolution.

Peirce, Benjamin. Ms., 1809-1880. Son of B. Peirce, supra. An eminent mathematician, professor of mathematics and astronomy at Harvard University, 1833-67. Elementary Treatise on Plane and Spherical Trigonometry; Elementary Treatise on Sound; Curves, Functions, and Forces; Ideality in the Physical Sciences, compromise his most important works.

Peirce, Benjamin Osgood. Ms., 1854- ——. Kinsman of preceding. A professor of physics at Harvard University from 1884, and author of Theory of the Newtonian Potential Functions. Gi.

Peirce, Bradford Kinney. Vt., 1819-1889. A Methodist clergyman and journalist, editor of Zion’s Herald, 1872-88. Bible Scholar’s Manual; The Eminent Dead; Notes on the Acts; The Word of God Opened; A Half Century with Juvenile Delinquents; Trials of an Inventor; Audubon’s Adventures; Stories from Life which the Chaplain Told; The Chaplain with the Children; The Young Shetlander and His Home; Hymns of the Higher Life. Meth.

Peirce, Charles Sanders. Ms., 1839- ——. Son of B. Peirce, 2d, supra. A physician and lecturer on logic. Studies in Logic; Photometric Researches.

Peirce, Ebenezer Weaver. Ms., 1822- ——. An officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Peirce Family of the Old Colony; Indian History, Biography, and Genealogy; Contributions, Biographical, etc.

Peirce, James Mills. Ms., 1834- ——. Son of B. Peirce, 2d, supra. An educator of Cambridge, professor of mathematics in Harvard University from 1867. Text-Book of Analytical Geometry; Elements of Logarithms, are among his technical works. Gi.

Peirson, Mrs. Lydia Jane [Wheeler]. Ct., 1802-1862. A verse-writer of Adrian, Michigan. Forest Leaves, and Other Poems; The Forest Minstrel. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America.

Pellew, [William] George. E., 1859-1892. A littérateur of New York city. Jane Austen’s Novels, a Dissertation; In Castle and Cabin, or Talks in Ireland; Woman and the Commonwealth; Life of John Jay. Hou.

Pemberton, Ebenezer. Ms., 1704-1777. A Presbyterian clergyman prominent as a loyalist in Boston at the opening of the Revolution. Sermons on Several Subjects; Practical Discourses; Salvation by Grace; Occasional Sermons. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

Pendleton, Edmund Monroe. 1815-1884. A physician who published Scientific Agriculture (1876).

Pendleton, James Madison. Va., 1811-1891. A Baptist clergyman of Upland, Pennsylvania. Three Reasons Why I Am a Baptist; Church Manual; Christian Doctrines; Sermons; Distinctive Principles of Baptists; Atonement of Christ. Bap.

Pendleton, Louis [Beauregard]. Ga., 1861- ——. A novelist of Philadelphia. Bewitched, and Other Stories; In the Wire Grass, a novel of Southern Georgia; King Tom and the Runaways, a juvenile tale; The Wedding Garment, a Tale of the Life to Come; The Sons of Ham; Corona of the Nantahalas; In the Okefenokee, a juvenile tale. Ap. Cas. Mer. Rob.

Pendleton, William Nelson. Va., 1809-1883. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Virginia, a Confederate officer during the Civil War, and subsequently rector of Grace Church, Lexington, Virginia. Science a Witness for the Bible. See Memoirs of, by E. P. Lee. Lip.

Penhallow, Samuel. E., 1665-1726. A citizen of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, chief justice of New Hampshire, 1717-26. He published in 1726 a realistic and valuable History of the Wars of New England with the Eastern Indians. See Tyler’s American Literature.

Penick, Charles Clifton. Va., 1843- ——. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of the West African Mission. He was consecrated in 1877, resigned in 1883, and is now (1897) a general agent at Baltimore of the commission on work among the coloured people. More than a Prophet, or Chapters on St. John the Evangelist.

Penn, Arthur. See Matthews, J. B.

Pennell, Mrs. Elizabeth [Robins]. Pa., 1855- ——. Niece of C. G. Leland, supra, and wife of J. Pennell, infra. A writer who has lived in London for many years. Life of Mary Wollstonecraft; A Canterbury Pilgrimage; Two Pilgrims’ Progress; Our Sentimental Journey through France and Italy; Our Journey to the Hebrides; To Gipsyland; Play in Provence; The Feasts of Autolycus. Cent. Har. Mer. Rob. Scr.

Pennell, Joseph. Pa., 1859- ——. An artist living in London who has illustrated his wife’s books, and published Pen Drawing and Pen Draughtsmen; The Jew at Home; Modern Illustration. Ap. Mac.

Penny, Virginia. Ky., 1826- ——. An educator who has written much in relation to wider opportunities for women. The Employment of Women; Five Hundred Occupations Adapted to Women; Think and Act.

Pennypacker, Isaac Rusling. Pa., 1852- ——. A journalist and verse-writer of Philadelphia. Gettysburg, and Other Poems.

Pennypacker, Samuel Whitaker. Pa., 1843- ——. A jurist of Philadelphia. Annals of Phœnixville; Pennsylvania Supreme Court Reports; Historical and Biographical Sketches.

Pentecost, George Frederick. Il., 1843- ——. A Congregational minister in Brooklyn, 1881-90, and subsequently an evangelist in America and England. The Angel in the Marble; In the Volume of the Book; Out of Egypt; The Christian and the Modern Dance; Bible Studies; The Gospel of Luke; Grace Abounding in the Forgiveness of Sins. Bar. Rev.

Pepper, George Dana Boardman. Ms., 1833- ——. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Colby University from 1882. Outlines of Theology.

Pepper, William. Pa., 1843-1898. An eminent Philadelphia physician, provost of the University of Pennsylvania, 1881-94. Higher Medical Education; Diseases of Children (with J. F. Meigs, supra). Lip.

Perce, Elbert. N. Y., 1831-1869. A littérateur of New York city. Old Carl the Cooper; The Last of His Name; The Battle Roll; Gulliver Joi: his Three Voyages; and several translations from the Swedish of Carlén.

Percival, James Gates. Ct., 1795-1856. A verse-writer once popular, but now wholly neglected. His verse is not unmusical, but seldom rises much above mediocrity. Seneca Lake and The Coral Grove are still found lingering in anthologies. Prometheus; Clio; Dream of a Day; Poems, include his poetical works. He was a geologist of some reputation, and published Geological Surveys of Connecticut and Wisconsin. See Life and Letters, by Julius Ward, infra; Allibone’s Dictionary.

Percy, Florence. See Allen, Mrs. Elizabeth.

Perkins, Charles Callahan. Ms., 1823-1886. A prominent art patron and critic of Boston. Raphael and Michael Angelo; Tuscan Sculptors; Italian Sculptors; Historical Handbook of Italian Sculpture; Ghiberti et son école; Art in Education; History of the Boston Handel and Haydn Society. Hou. Scr.

Perkins, Eli. See Landon.

Perkins, Mrs. Elmira [Johnson]. Me., 1814-1896. A missionary among the Indians in Oregon. Her later life was passed in Boston. Harp of the Willows, a volume of verse.

Perkins, Frederic Beecher. Ct., 1828-1899. Grandson of Lyman Beecher, supra. A librarian. Scrope, or the Lost Library, a novel; Devil Puzzlers, and Other Studies; My Three Conversations with Miss Chester; Life of Dickens; Check List of American Local History, include the more important of his writings.

Perkins, George Henry. Ms., 1844- ——. A naturalist, State entomologist of Vermont. The Injurious Insects of Vermont; The Flora of Vermont.

Perkins, George Roberts. N. Y., 1812-1876. An educator of New York State, who published Plane and Solid Geometry, and other mathematical text-books.

Perkins, James Breck. Wis., 1847- ——. A lawyer of Rochester, New York. France Under Mazarin; France Under the Regency; France under Louis XV. Hou. Put.

Perkins, James Handasyd. Ms., 1810-1849. A Unitarian clergyman of Cincinnati, very active in the cause of prison discipline reform. Annals of the West. See Memoir by his cousin, W. H. Channing, supra.

Perkins, Justin. Ms., 1805-1869. A Congregational missionary in Persia. Residence of Eight Years in Persia; Missionary Life in Persia.

Perkins, Maurice. Ct., 1836-1901. A professor of chemistry at Union College from 1865, author of a Manual of Qualitative Analysis.

Perkins, Samuel. Ct., 1767-1850. A lawyer of Windham, Connecticut. History of the Late War between the United States and Great Britain (1825); General Jackson’s Conduct in the Seminole War; Historical Sketches of the United States.

Perkins, William Rufus. Pa., 1847-1895. An educator and poet, professor of history in the Iowa State University, 1887-95. He was the author of two careful historical monographs, History of the Trappist Abbey of New Melleray; and History of the Amana Society; and of Eleusis and Lesser Poems, a striking collection of musical meditative verse. Mg.

Perrin, Mrs. Martha Chamberlin [Drinker]. Pa., 186- - ——. Chansons du Matin. Put.

Perrin, Raymond S——. N. Y., 1849- ——. The Student’s Dreams; The Religion of Philosophy, or the Unification of Knowledge. Put.

Perrine, William Henry. N. Y., 1827-1880. A Methodist clergyman, professor for some years in Albion College, Michigan. The Principles of Church Government with Special Application to the Polity of Episcopal Methodism.

Perry, Amos. Ms., 1812-1899. A Providence writer who was superintendent of the State census in 1865. Carthage and Tunis is his only work of importance.

Perry, Arthur Latham. N. H., 1830- ——. A professor of history and political economy at Williams College from 1853, and a prominent advocate of free trade. Elements of Political Economy; Introduction to Political Economy; Principles of Political Economy; Origins of Williamstown. Scr.

Perry, Benjamin Franklin. S. C., 1805-1886. A lawyer of South Carolina, provisional governor of his State at the close of the Civil War. Reminiscences of Public Men; Sketches of Eminent Statesmen (1887).

Perry, Bliss. Ms., 1860- ——. Son of A. L. Perry, supra. Editor of The Atlantic Monthly from 1899, and a professor of English literature at Princeton University, 1893-1900. The Plated City; Salem Kittredge, and Other Stories; The Broughton House; Powers at Play. Ho. Lgs. Scr.

Perry, Carlotta. See Perry, Charlotte.

Perry, Charlotte Augusta. “Carlotta Perry.” Wis., 1848- ——. A popular verse-writer of Milwaukee. Carlotta Perry’s Poems.

Perry, Edward Delevan. N. Y., 1854- ——. A professor of Sanskrit in Columbia College. Indra in the Rigveda; A Sanskrit Primer.

Perry, Mary Alice. Ms., 1854-1883. A writer of fiction. Esther Pennefather; More Ways Than One. Har.

Perry, Nora. Ms., 1832-1896. A poet and littérateur of Boston. Her verse was popular, and had not unfrequently the genuine poetic ring, while her stories for girls were animated and fresh. Her verse includes, After the Ball, and Other Poems; Her Lover’s Friend, and Other Poems; New Songs and Ballads; Legends and Lyrics. Her prose work comprises, The Tragedy of the Unexpected, and Other Stories; For a Woman, a novel; The Youngest Miss Lorton, and Other Stories; A Book of Love Stories; A Rosebud Garden of Girls; A Flock of Girls and their Friends; A Flock of Girls and Boys; Another Flock of Girls; Three Little Daughters of the Revolution; Hope Benham. Hou. Lit.

Perry, Rufus Lewis. Tn., 1833-1895. A Baptist clergyman of African descent, widely known as a linguist. Among his various writings is The Cushite, or the Children of Ham as seen by Ancient Historians and Poets.

Perry, Thomas Sergeant. R. I., 1845- ——. An educator of Boston. English Literature in the Eighteenth Century; Life of Lieber; From Opitz to Lessing, a Study of Pseudo-Classicism in Literature; The Evolution of the Snob; History of Greek Literature. Ho. Hou.

Perry, William Stevens. R. I., 1832-1898. The second Protestant Episcopal bishop of Iowa, prominent among High Churchmen. The Documentary History of the Protestant Episcopal Church; The History of the American Episcopal Church; Life Lessons from the Book of Proverbs; Some Summer Days Abroad; The General Ecclesiastical Constitution of the American Church; The American Episcopate. Wh.

Peters, Christian Henry Frederick. Sd., 1813-1890. A German astronomer, director of the observatory at Hamilton College, 1858-90, who discovered over forty asteroids. Celestial Charts.

Peters, Edward Dyer. Ms., 1849- ——. A metallurgist who has published Modern American Methods of Copper Smelting.

Peters, George Nathaniel Henry. Pa., 1825- ——. A Lutheran minister of Ohio. The Theocratic Kingdom of Christ.

Peters, John Charles. N. Y., 1819-1893. A physician of New York city of note as a bacteriologist. Diseases of the Brain and Nervous System; Diseases of Women; Diseases of the Eye; Notes on Asiatic Cholera; A New Materia Medica, are among his works.

Peters, Mrs. Phillis [Wheatley]. Sl., 1754-1784. A verse-writer of African birth brought to Boston in childhood as a slave. Poems on Various Occasions, Religious and Moral, appeared in London in 1772, and won a fleeting popularity there, the author being regarded as a prodigy. But there is little in her work that should keep it in remembrance. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America.

Peters, Samuel Andrew. Ct., 1735-1826. An Episcopal clergyman of Hartford who published a famous General History of Connecticut by a Gentleman of that Province, a curious satirical production, to which may be traced the well-known fable of the Connecticut Blue Laws. Other works of his include a Life of Rev. Hugh Peters; History of Hebron, Connecticut.

Peterson, Arthur. Pa., 1851- ——. Son of H. Peterson, infra. A naval officer who has published Songs of New Sweden.

Peterson, Charles Jacobs. Pa., 1818-1887. A Philadelphia publisher and novelist, the founder of Peterson’s Magazine. Kate Aylesford; Cruising in the Last War; Military Heroes of the United States; Grace Dudley, or Arnold at Saratoga; Mabel, or Darkness and Dawn; The Old Stone Mansion, include his principal writings.

Peterson, Frederick. Min., 1859- ——. A physician and verse-writer. Poems and Swedish Translations; In the Shade of Ygdrasil (verse).

Peterson, Mrs. Hannah [Bouvier]. Pa., 1811-1870. First wife of R. E. Peterson, infra. Familiar Astronomy.

Peterson, Henry. Pa., 1818-1891. Cousin of C. J. Peterson, supra. A Philadelphia verse-writer, and editor for many years of The Saturday Evening Post. The Modern Job, and Other Poems; Faire-Mount; Bessie’s Lovers; Cæsar, a Dramatic Study.

Peterson, Robert Evans. Pa., 1812-1894. Brother of H. Peterson, supra. A Philadelphia writer whose principal work is The Roman Catholic not the Only True Religion. Lip.

Pettingill, Amos. N. H., 1780-1830. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Connecticut. View of the Heavens; The Spirit of Methodism. See Memoir of, by Hart, 1832.

Pettingill, John Hancock. Vt., 1815-1887. A Congregational clergyman in Ohio, widely known as an earnest believer in conditional immortality. The Theological Trilemma; Platonism versus Christianity; Bible Terminology; Life Everlasting; The Unspeakable Gift; Views and Reviews in Eschatology.

Peyton, John Lewis. Va., 1824-1896. A lawyer of Staunton, Virginia, who served as an officer in the Confederate service. Adventures of my Grandfather; History of Augusta County, Virginia; The American Crisis; Over the Alleghanies; Memorials of Nature and Art.

Phelan, James. Mi., 1856-1891. A Memphis lawyer and journalist. Philip Massinger and his Plays; History of Tennessee. Hou.

Phelps, Mrs. Almira [Hart] [Lincoln]. Ct., 1793-1884. A noted educator of Baltimore who published many text-books on the natural sciences. Among her works are, Geology for Beginners; Christian Households; Ida Norman, a tale; Familiar Lectures on Botany; Hours with my Pupils. See Mrs. Hale’s Woman’s Record. Lip.

Phelps, Austin. Ms., 1820-1890. A Congregational clergyman of Andover, Massachusetts, professor of sacred rhetoric in the Theological Seminary there, 1848-79. The Still Hour; The New Birth; The Theory of Preaching; English Style in Public Discourse; The Solitude of Christ; Studies of the Old Testament; Men and Books; My Study, and Other Essays; My Portfolio; My Note-Book. See Life by his daughter, Mrs. Ward, 1891. C. P. S. Lo. Scr.

Phelps, Mrs. Elizabeth [Stuart]. Ms., 1815-1853. Wife of A. Phelps, supra. A writer whose Sunnyside, and A Peep at Number Five, stories descriptive of clerical life, were once widely popular. She wrote, also, Last Sheaf from Sunnyside, and a number of Sunday-school tales, the latter over the signature “H. Trusta.”

Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart. Daughter of A. and E. S. Phelps, supra. See Ward, Mrs. Elizabeth.

Phelps, John Wolcott. Vt., 1813-1885. Stepson of Mrs. Almira Phelps, supra. A writer of Brattleboro, Vermont, who was an officer in the United States army in the Mexican War and became a brigadier-general of United States volunteers in the Civil War. In 1880 he was the presidential nominee of the American party. Sibylline Leaves; Good Behavior; History of Madagascar; The Fables of Florian in English Verse.

Phelps, Sylvanus Dryden. Ct., 1816-1895. A Baptist clergyman of New Haven, and subsequently of Hartford. Eloquence of Nature, and Other Poems; Sunlight and Heartlight, and Other Poems; The Poet’s Song for Heart and Home; Bible Lands; Sermons in the Four Quarters of the Globe.

Phelps, Thomas Stowell. Me., 1822-1901. A rear-admiral in the United States navy who retired in 1885. Reminiscences of Washington Territory (1882).

Phelps, William Lyon. Ct., 1865- ——. An instructor at Yale University. The Beginnings of the English Romantic Movement. Gi.

Philbrick, Edward Southwick. Ms., 1827-1889. A sanitarian who published American Sanitary Engineering, 1881.

Philbrick, John Dudley. N. H., 1818-1886. A prominent educator of Boston who published nearly fifty valuable public-school reports, and City School Systems in the United States.

Philips, Samuel. Md., 1823- ——. A German Reformed clergyman, professor in Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, from 1866. Gethsemane and the Cross; The Christian Home; The Voice of Blood; The Communion of Saints.

Phillips, Barnet. Pa., 1828- ——. A journalist of New York city, on the staff of The Times from 1872. The Struggle, a novel; Burning their Ships.

Phillips, George. E., 1593-1644. A Puritan clergyman, minister at Watertown, Massachusetts, from 1630 till his death. He was a noted controversialist of his day, and published a treatise on Infant Baptism.

Phillips, George Searle. “January Searle.” E., 1818-1889. A writer and lecturer of Yorkshire, England, who, after some years of literary work in the United States, became, in 1873, an inmate of an insane asylum in New Jersey. Chapters in the History of a Life; Life of Ebenezer Elliott; Memoirs of Wordsworth; The Gypsies of the Dane’s Dyke; Chicago and Her Churches.

Phillips, Henry. Pa., 1838-1895. A lawyer of Philadelphia. History of American Colonial Paper Currency; History of American Continental Paper Money; Pleasures of Numismatic Science; Poems from the Spanish and German; Faust, from the German of Chamisso.

Phillips, Maude Gillette. Ms., 1860- ——. An educator who has published A Popular Manual of English Literature. Har.

Phillips, Wendell. Ms., 1811-1884. A celebrated orator of Boston, a vehement opponent of slavery, and an active champion of labor reform and woman-suffrage. The Constitution a Pro-Slavery Contract; Lectures, Orations, and Letters to 1861; Speeches, Lectures, and Addresses; The Scholar in a Republic. See Lives by G. L. Austin, C. Martyn; Appletons’ American Biography.

Phillips, Willard. Ms., 1784-1873. A lawyer of Boston. Treatise on the Law of Insurance; Manual of Political Economy; The Law of Patents; The Inventor’s Guide; Protection and Free Trade. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

Phin, John. S., 1832- ——. A New York publisher of technical journals. Open-Air Grape Culture; Chemical History of the Creation; Practical Treatise on Lightning Rods; How to Use the Microscope; Workshop Companion; Preparation and Use of Cements and Glue; Dictionary of Practical Agriculture; Trade Secrets and Private Recipes; A Pocket Dictionary of Monetary and Coinage Terms.

Phœnix, John. See Derby, George.

Phyfe, William Henry Pinkney. N. Y., 1855- ——. An author of New York city. How Should I Pronounce? The School Pronouncer; Seven Thousand Words Often Mispronounced; The Test Pronouncer; Five Thousand Words Commonly Misspelled. Put.

Piatt [pē-ăt´], Donn. O., 1819-1891. A lawyer and journalist of Washington, and during the Civil War a Federal officer. Sunday Meditations; Memories of the Men who Saved the Union; Poems and Plays; Life of General George H. Thomas; The Lone Grave of the Shenandoah (verse). See Life of, by C. G. Miller, 1893. Clke.

Piatt, John James. Ind., 1835- ——. Nephew of D. Piatt, supra. A poet who was consul at Cork, 1882-93. He has been a prolific writer of verse, but The Morning Street, one of his earlier poems, still ranks as his finest effort. Landmarks; Western Windows; Poems of House and Home; Idyls and Lyrics of the Ohio Valley; Poems in Sunshine and Firelight; The Lost Farm, and Other Poems; At the Holy Well; A Dream of Church Windows (a revised edition of Poems of House and Home); The Lost Hunting Ground; Little New World Idyls; Poems by Two Friends (with W. D. Howells, supra); The Children Out of Doors; and Nests at Washington (with Mrs. Piatt). His prose is included in Penciled Fly-Leaves; A Return to Paradise. Clke. Hou. Ls.

Piatt, Mrs. Sarah Morgan [Bryan]. Ky., 1836- ——. Wife of J. J. Piatt, supra. A poet whose range of expression is not very wide, but, within its limits, genuine and original. A Woman’s Poems; A Voyage to the Fortunate Isles, and Other Poems; That New World, and Other Poems; Dramatic Persons and Moods; An Irish Garland; In Primrose Time; The Witch in the Glass; Complete Poems (1894); An Enchanted Castle; Child’s World Ballads. See Wide-Awake Magazine, November, 1876. Clke. Hou. Lgs.

Picard, George Henry. O., 1850- ——. A physician and novelist of New York city. A Matter of Taste; A Mission Flower; Old Boniface.

Pick, Bernhard. P., 1842- ——. A Lutheran clergyman of Pennsylvania, prior to 1884 a Presbyterian minister. Luther as a Hymnist; Historical Sketch of the Jews; Life of Christ according to Extra-Canonical Sources; Index to the Ante-Nicene Fathers; The Talmud: What It Is.

Pickard, Samuel Thomas. Ms., 1828- ——. A writer who for many years edited the Portland (Maine) Transcript. Life and Letters of John Greenleaf Whittier. Hou.

Pickering, Charles. Pa., 1805-1878. A grandson of Timothy Pickering, the noted statesman. A naturalist of eminence. Races of Men and their Geographical Distribution; Geographical Distribution of Animals and Men; Chronological History of Plants. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

Pickering, Edward Charles. Ms., 1846- ——. Son of C. Pickering, supra. The director of Harvard Observatory at Cambridge, and author of Elements of Physical Manipulation. Hou.

Pickering, Henry. N. Y., 1781-1838. The third son of the statesman, Timothy Pickering. A verse-writer of New York who published Ruins of Pæstum; Athens, and Other Poems; The Buckwheat Cake.

Pickering, John. Ms., 1777-1846. The eldest son of Timothy Pickering. A lawyer of Boston and a linguist of eminence. Greek and English Lexicon; Collection of Words and Phrases Supposed to be Peculiar to the United States; Remarks on the Indian Languages of North America. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

Pickering, Octavius. Pa., 1791-1868. Brother of J. Pickering, supra. A Boston lawyer who published Reports of Cases in the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, 1822-40; and Life of Timothy Pickering (completed by Upham).

Pickering, William Henry. Ms., 1858- ——. Son of C. Pickering, supra. An astronomer, professor in Harvard University from 1887. Walking Guide to the White Mountain Range.

Pickett, Albert James. N. C., 1810-1858. A writer of Montgomery, Alabama, who published a History of Alabama.

Pierce, Edward Lillie. Ms., 1829-1897. A prominent Boston lawyer. American Railroad Law; Life of Charles Sumner; The Law of Railroads; Enfranchisement and Citizenship. Lit. Rob.

Pierce, Frederick Clifton. Ms., 1856- ——. An Illinois writer who has written town histories of Barre and Grafton, Massachusetts, and of Rockford, Illinois; The Harwood Genealogy; Pierce History and Genealogy; Peirce History and Genealogy; Pearse and Pearce Genealogy.

Pierce, Henry Niles. R. I., 1820-1899. The fourth Protestant Episcopal bishop of Arkansas, consecrated in 1870. The Agnostic, and Other Poems. Wh.

Pierpont, John. Ct., 1785-1866. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Hollis Street Church, 1819-45. He wrote a volume of sacred verse, Airs of Palestine, and a number of domestic lyrics, which were very popular, Passing Away being the best known of any. He compiled several school readers, the most noted of which was The American First-Class Book. See Atlantic Monthly, December, 1866. Lip.

Pierrepont, Edward Willoughby. N. Y., 1860-1885. A chargé d’affaires at Rome at the time of his death. From Fifth Avenue to Alaska.

Pierson, Arthur Tappan. N. Y., 1837- ——. A Congregational clergyman of note. Acts of the Holy Spirit; Many Infallible Proofs; The Crisis of Missions; The Miracles of Missions; The Divine Art of Preaching; The Heart of the Gospel; Keys to the Word; Lessons on Prayer, comprise his more important works. Fu. Ran. Rev.

Pierson, Mrs. Cornelia [Tuthill]. Ct., 1820-1870. Daughter of Mrs. Tuthill, infra. Our Little Comfort; Wreaths and Blossoms for the Church; When are we Happiest?; The Belle, the Blue, and the Bigot, are among her works.

Pierson, Hamilton Wilcox. N. Y., 1817-1887. A Presbyterian clergyman in Kentucky. Thomas Jefferson at Monticello; In the Brush, or Old-Time Social, Political, and Religious Life in the Southwest. Ap.

Pike, Albert. Ms., 1809-1891. A lawyer and journalist of Little Rock, Memphis, and Washington successively, who served as an officer in the Confederate army. His writings include, Hymns to the Gods; Prose Sketches and Poems; Nugæ, a collection of Poems; Arkansas Supreme Court Reports, 1840-45. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

Pike, James Shepherd. Me., 1811-1882. A journalist of New York city who was minister to the Netherlands, 1861-66. A Prostrate State; The Restoration of the Currency; The Financial Crisis; Horace Greeley in 1872; The First Blows of the Civil War; The New Puritan: New England Two Hundred Years Ago. Har.

Pike, Mrs. Mary Hayden [Green]. Me., 1825- ——. A once popular novelist. Ida May; Caste; Agnes; Bond and Free.

Pilcher, Elijah Homes. O., 1810-1887. A Methodist clergyman of Michigan who wrote a History of Protestantism in Michigan.

Pilling, James Constantine. D. C., 1840-1895. An ethnologist of distinction in the government service, among whose writings are Bibliographies of the Languages of the North American Indians, of the Eskimoan Languages, of the Siouan, of the Iroquoian, and others.

Pillsbury, Parker. Ms., 1809-1898. A noted anti-slavery agitator. Acts of the Anti-Slavery Apostles.

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth. S. C., 1812-1898. An Episcopal clergyman of Charleston. Life of General Thomas Pinckney. Hou.

Pindar, Susan. N. Y., c. 1820-1892. Susan Pindar’s Story Books; Legends of the Flowers.

Pinkerton, Allan. S., 1819-1884. A Chartist who came to America in 1842 and settled in Chicago, where he founded a famous detective agency. Among his many detective stories are, The Molly Maguires and the Detectives; Criminal Reminiscences; The Spy of the Rebellion; Thirty Years a Detective; Railroad Forgers and the Detectives.

Pinkney, Edward Coate. E., 1802-1828. A lyric poet of Baltimore who published his Poems in 1825. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

Piper, Richard Upton. N. H., 1818- ——. A Chicago physician. Operative Surgery; The Trees of America.

Pise [pize], Charles Constantine. Md., 1802-1866. A once prominent Roman Catholic clergyman of Brooklyn. History of the Church to the Reformation; The Acts of the Apostles in Blank Verse; Father Rowland; Indian Cottage, a Unitarian Story; The Pleasures of Religion, and Other Poems; Horæ Vagabundæ; Alethia; Zenosius; Letters to Ada; Lives of St. Ignatius and his First Companions; Notes on a Protestant Catechism; Christianity and the Church.

Pitkin, Timothy. Ct., 1766-1847. A lawyer and politician of Connecticut, prominent as a Federalist congressman. A Statistical View of the Commerce of the United States; Political and Civil History of the United States, 1763-1847.

Pitman, Benn. E., 1822- ——. A stenographer of Cincinnati, and in his later years an art instructor of the school of design at the University of Cincinnati. The Reporter’s Companion; Manual of Phonography; Phonographic Dictionary (with J. B. Howard).

Pitman, Mrs. Marie J—— [Davis]. N. Y., 1850-1888. A journalist and correspondent of Boston who published European Breezes and a number of juvenile stories.

Pittenger, William. O., 1840- ——. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Philadelphia, a Federal soldier during the Civil War. Daring and Suffering; Oratory, Sacred and Secular; Extempore Speech.

Pitzer, Alexander White. Va., 1834- ——. A Presbyterian clergyman of Washington, professor of biblical literature in Howard University from 1875. Ecce Deus Homo; Christ the Teacher of Men; The New Life and Not the Higher Life.

Platt, Franklin. Pa., 1844-1900. A Pennsylvania geologist, president of the Rochester and Pittsburg Coal Company from 1881. Coke Manufacturing; Waste in Mining Anthracite, and other volumes of geological reports.

Platt, William Henry. N. Y., 1821-1898. An Episcopal clergyman of Rochester, New York, and more recently of Petersburg, Virginia. Influence of Religion in the Development of Jurisprudence; After Death—What?; God Out and Man In; The Philosophy of the Supernatural.

Pleasanton, Augustus James. D. C., 1808-1894. An army officer prominent for a short time as the author of a work on the Influence of the Blue Ray in Developing Animal and Vegetable Life.

Plumer [plŭm´er], William. N. H., 1789-1854. A New Hampshire lawyer who was an active congressional opponent of slavery. Lyra Sacra; A Pastoral on the Story of Ruth.

Plumer, William Swan. Pa., 1802-1880. A Presbyterian clergyman of extreme Calvinistic views, professor of theology in the Theological Seminary at Columbia, South Carolina, 1856-80. His principal writings include, Pastoral Theology; Jehovah-jireh; Studies in the Book of Psalms; The Book of Our Salvation; Words of Truth and Love; The Saint and the Sinner; Vital Godliness; Commentary on Romans; A Word to the Weary. Har. Lip. Ran.

Plympton, George Washington. Ms., 1827- ——. A civil engineer of note, editor of Van Nostrand’s Engineering Magazine, 1870-86. The Blowpipe; The Starfinder; The Aneroid.

Poe, Edgar Allan. Ms., 1809-1849. A poet and romancer who is pronounced by some critics the foremost of American poets so far as melody and technique are concerned. He was born in Boston, his parents being actors then playing in that city, and, left an orphan at an early age, was adopted and educated by Mr. Allan, a Virginia merchant. At nineteen he published his first volume, Tamerlane, and Other Poems. He led a wandering, dissipated life, editing at various times Graham’s Magazine, The Southern Literary Messenger, and other periodicals, and died of delirium tremens in Baltimore. He criticized the work of his contemporaries with severity, yet in the main with justice, but in so doing raised up a host of literary enemies. Among his prose tales, The Gold Bug; The Fall of the House of Usher; Ligeia, are especially characteristic of his genius, while such poems as The Bells, The Raven, Annabel Lee, display wonderful melody and perfect mastery of metre. Beside Tamerlane, his writings include, The Conchologist’s First Book; Eureka, a Prose Poem; The Raven, and Other Poems; Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque; The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym. The best edition of Poe is that edited by E. C. Stedman and G. E. Woodberry, in ten volumes (1895). See Lives by Stoddard, Didier, Ingram, Woodberry; Fortnightly Review, July, 1880; Poe and his Critics by Mrs. Whitman; Stedman’s Poets of America. Co. Cr. Har. Kt. Lip. Mac. Sto.

Poinsett, Joel Roberts. S. C., 1779-1851. A South Carolina statesman, sent on a special mission to Mexico in 1822, minister to that country 1825-29, and secretary of war under President Van Buren. He was a botanist of some note, the genus Poinsettia having been named in his honour. Notes on Mexico, made in 1822.

Pollard, Edward Albert. Va., 1828-1872. A once noted journalist of Richmond, Virginia, and an active opponent of the policy of Jefferson Davis during the Civil War. Black Diamonds; Letters of the Southern Spy; Southern History of the War; Observations in the North; The Lost Cause; The Lost Cause Regained; Lee and his Lieutenants; Life of Jefferson Davis, with the Secret History of the Confederacy; The Virginia Tourist. Lip.

Pollard, Josephine. N. Y., 1834-1892. A littérateur of New York city, whose work was mainly intended for juvenile readers. The Gypsy Books; A Piece of Silver; Elfin Land; Vagrant Verses; Songs of Bird Life; The Decorative Sisters; The Boston Tea Party; Gellivor, a Christmas Legend. Meth. Ran.

Pomeroy, Brick. See Pomeroy, Marcus.

Pomeroy, John Norton. N. Y., 1828-1885. A lawyer of Rochester, New York, but subsequently professor of law in the University of California, 1878-85. Introduction to Municipal Law; Remedies and Remedial Rights; Specific Performance of Contract; Equity Jurisprudence; Riparian Rights; Introduction to United States Constitutional Law; Lectures on International Law in Time of Peace. Hou. Lit.

Pomeroy, Marcus Mills. “Brick Pomeroy.” N. Y., 1833-1896. A journalist successively of La Crosse, Wisconsin, New York city (where he established Brick Pomeroy’s Democrat), and Chicago. Sense; Nonsense; Gold Dust; Brick Dust; Our Saturday Nights; Home Harmonies; Perpetual Money.

Pond, Enoch. Ms., 1791-1882. A Congregational clergyman, professor in the Theological Seminary at Bangor, Maine, from 1832, and its president from 1856. Text-Book of Ecclesiastical History; Pastoral Theology; Memoir of Zinzendorf; Life of Increase Mather; Plato: his Life, Works, Opinions, and Influence; Christian Theology; History of God’s Church, are among his works. See Autobiography; Bibliography of Maine. C. P. S.

Pond, Frederick Eugene. “Will Wildwood.” Wis., 1856- ——. A sporting writer and editor of Chicago. Hand-book for Young Sportsmen; Memoirs of Eminent Sportsmen; Gun Trial and Field Records of America.

Pond, George Edward. Ms., 1837-1899. A journalist of New York and Philadelphia, editor of The Army and Navy Journal. The Shenandoah Valley in 1864. Scr.

Pond, Samuel William. Ct., 1808-1891. A Congregational missionary to the Indians in Minnesota. History of Joseph in the Dakota Language; Wowapi Inonpa, the Second Dakota Reading Book.

Pool, Maria Louise. Ms., 1845-1898. A novelist of Rockland, Massachusetts, for many years a writer for the New York Tribune. In Buncombe County; A Vacation in a Buggy; Tenting at Stony Beach; Dolly; Roweny in Boston; Mrs. Keats Bradford; Out of Step; The Two Salomes; Katharine North; Mrs. Gerald; Against Human Nature; In a Dike Shanty; In the First Person; Boss and Other Dogs. Har. Hou. S. St.

Poole, Herman. Ms., 1849- ——. A chemist and metallurgist. Geometry in Ten Lessons; Calorific Power of Fuels.

Poole, Mrs. Hester Martha [Hunt]. Vt., 1843- ——. A writer living at Metuchen, New Jersey, who has written much for periodicals on social and domestic topics. Fruits and How to Use Them.

Poole, William Frederick. Ms., 1821-1894. A bibliographer of Chicago, librarian of the Public Library there, 1874-87, and, from the latter date, of the Newberry Library, Chicago; best known as compiler (with W. I. Fletcher) of Poole’s Index to Periodical Literature. Two supplementary volumes carry the work forward to January, 1892. Other works of his are, Anti-Slavery Opinions before 1800; The Battle of the Dictionaries; Websterian Orthography; Cotton Mather and Salem Witchcraft. Clke. Hou.

Poore, Benjamin Perley. Ms., 1820-1887. A once well-known journalist of Washington. Campaign Life of Zachary Taylor; Early Life of Napoleon; Rise and Fall of Louis Philippe; Agricultural History of Essex County, Massachusetts; Life of Burnside; Political Register and Congressional Directory, 1776-1878; Perley’s Reminiscences of Sixty Years. Hou.

Pope, Franklin Leonard. Ms., 1840-1895. An electrical engineer of New York city. Modern Practice of the Electric Telegraph; Life and Work of Joseph Henry, supra.

Pope, John. Ky., 1822-1892. A prominent general in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Virginia Campaign of July and August, 1862.

Pope, Mrs. Marion [Manville]. Wis., 1859- ——. A verse-writer whose home in recent years has been in Valparaiso, Chili. Over the Divide, and Other Verses. Lip.

Porcher, Francis Peyre. S. C., 1825-1895. A physician and botanist of Charleston. Sketch of the Medical Botany of South Carolina; Resources of the Southern Fields and Forests, are among his writings.

Porter, Benjamin Fickling. S. C., 1808- ——. A lawyer of Alabama. Alabama Supreme Court Reports; Offices of Executors and Administrators.

Porter, Charles Talbot. N. Y., 1826- ——. A mechanical engineer of prominence. Mechanics and Faith, a Study of the Spiritual Truths in Nature.

Porter, David. Ms., 1780-1843. A once noted commodore in the United States navy. Journal of a Cruise to the Pacific Ocean in 1812-15; Constantinople and its Environs. See Life of, by his son.

Porter, David Dixon. Pa., 1813-1891. Son of D. Porter, supra. An admiral of the Federal navy who commanded the fleet at the storming of Fort Fisher, and amused his latest years by the composition of sensational romances. Life of Commodore Porter, supra; Allan Dare and Robert le Diable; Adventures of Harry Marline; Arthur Merton, a romance; Incidents and Anecdotes of the Civil War; History of the Navy in the War of the Rebellion. Ap.

Porter, Ebenezer. Ct., 1772-1834. A Congregational clergyman and educator, of contemporary renown as a preacher. He was professor of sacred rhetoric at Andover Theological Seminary, 1812-32, and president of that institution from 1827 till his death. Among his publications are, The Young Preacher’s Manual; A Rhetorical Reader, which reached its 300th edition; Lectures on Homiletics; Lectures on Eloquence and Style. See Memoir of, by Matthews, 1837.

Porter, Fitz-John. N. H., 1822-1901. A brevet brigadier-general dismissed from the service in 1863, reinstated by act of Congress, 1886. Narrative of the Services of the Fifth Army Corps in 1862 in Northern Virginia.

Porter, James. Ms., 1800-1888. A once prominent Methodist clergyman of Boston. History of Methodism; The Winning Worker; Hints to Self-Educated Ministers; Compendium of Methodism, comprise a portion of his writings. Meth.

Porter, John Addison. N. Y., 1822-1866. A professor of chemistry at Yale College, 1852-64. Principles of Chemistry; First Book of Chemistry.

Porter, John Addison. Ct., 1856-1900. Son of J. A. Porter, supra. The Corporation of Yale College; Administration of the City of Washington; Sketches of Yale Life.

Porter, Linn Boyd. “Albert Ross.” Ms., 1851- ——. A novelist of Cambridge whose writings have been extremely popular, although severely criticised from a literary point of view as well as from an ethical standpoint. Among them are, Thou Shalt Not; Speaking of Ellen; A Black Adonis; Out of Wedlock. Dil.

Porter, Mrs. Lydia Ann [Emerson]. Ms., 1816- ——. Cousin of R. W. Emerson, supra. An educator of Springfield, Vermont. Uncle Jerry’s Letters to Young Mothers; The Lost Will, are among her writings.

Porter, Noah. Ct., 1811-1892. A Congregational clergyman of Connecticut, president of Yale College, 1871-85, and a metaphysician of distinction. The Human Intellect; Books and Reading; Elements of Intellectual Science; Elements of Moral Science; The American Colleges and the American Public; Science and Sentiment; Bishop Berkeley; Fifteen Years in Yale College Chapel, a volume of sermons; The Science of Nature and the Science of Man. Scr.

Porter, Rose. N. Y., 1845- ——. An author of New Haven who has written and compiled a large number of religious books. Among her original works are, Summer Driftwood for the Winter Fire; A Modern St. Christopher; Our Saints, a Family Story; My Son’s Wife. Lo. Ran. Rev.

Porter, Thomas Conrad. Pa., 1822-1901. A German Reformed clergyman famous as a botanist, and professor of botany at Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, from 1866. Sketch of the Flora of Pennsylvania; Sketch of the Botany of the United States; Synopsis of the Flora of Colorado (with J. M. Coulter); The Carices of Pennsylvania; The Grasses of Pennsylvania.

Posse, Nils. Baron Posse. Sn., 1862-1895. A Boston instructor in gymnastics. Special Kinesiology of Educational Gymnastics; Medical Gymnastics; Scientific Aspect of Swedish Gymnastics. Le.

Post, Truman Marcellus. Vt., 1810-1866. A Congregational clergyman and editor of St. Louis, professor of history in Washington University. The Skeptical Era in Modern History. See Life of, by T. H. Post.

Post, Waldron Kintzing. N. Y., 1868- ——. A lawyer of New York city. Harvard Stories. Put.

Potter, Alonzo. N. Y., 1800-1865. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania and an active promoter of educational movements. The Principles of Science Applied to Domestic and Mechanic Arts; Religious Philosophy; Political Economy; co-author with G. B. Emerson, supra, of The School and the Schoolmaster. See Memoirs of, 1870.

Potter, Burton Willis. N. Y., 1843- ——. A lawyer of Worcester, Massachusetts. The Road and Roadside, a legal treatise. Lit.

Potter, Eliphalet Nott. N. Y., 1836-1901. Son of A. Potter, supra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president of Hobart College, Geneva, New York, 1884-96. Parochial Sermons; Christian Evidences.

Potter, Henry Codman. N. Y., 1835- ——. Son of A. Potter, supra. The sixth Protestant Episcopal bishop of New York, and prominent among Broad Church thinkers. Sermons of the City; The Gates of the East; a Winter in Egypt and Syria; Sisterhoods and Deaconesses; Waymarks. Dut.

Potter, Platt. N. Y., 1800-1891. A jurist of Schenectady. Potter’s Dwarris; Treatise on Corporations; Equity Jurisprudence.

Potter, William James. Ms., 1830-1894. A Unitarian clergyman of New Bedford for many years, prominent as a radical thinker. Twenty-Five Sermons of Twenty-Five Years; Lectures and Sermons. El.

Potts, James Henry. Ont., 1848- ——. A Methodist clergyman, editor of The Michigan Christian Advocate from 1877. Methodism in the Field; Golden Dawn; Spiritual Life; Our Thorns and Crowns; Faith Made Easy.

Potts, Stacey Gardner. Pa., 1799-1865. A jurist of Trenton, New Jersey. Village Tales; Precedents and Notes of Practice in the New Jersey Chancery Court.

Powell, Edward Payson. N. Y., 1833- ——. A clergyman who has held pastorates in Congregational and Unitarian churches successively, and has long been resident in Clinton, New York. Our Heredity from God; Liberty and Life. Ap.

Powell, John Wesley. N. Y., 1834-1902. An eminent geologist, director of the United States Geological Survey, 1879-94. Exploration of the Uinta Mountains; The Arid Regions of the United States; Introduction to the Study of the Indian Languages; Studies in Sociology; Canyons of the Colorado. Am. Fl.

Powell, Thomas. E., 1809-1887. An English writer who came to America in 1849, and was for many years connected with the Frank Leslie publications. He wrote a number of plays, among which are, True at Last; The Shepherd’s Well. Other works of his are, Florentine Tales; Tales from Boccaccio; Living Authors of England; Living Authors of America.

Powers, Edward. N. Y., 1830- ——. Brother of H. N. Powers, infra. A civil engineer who published a work entitled War and the Weather, or the Artificial Production of Rain.

Powers, Horatio Nelson. N. Y., 1826-1890. An Episcopal clergyman of Chicago, Bridgeport, and, in his latest years, of Piermont, New York, who was favourably known as a poet. His writings include, Early and Late; Poems; Ten Years of Song; Lyrics of the Hudson; Through the Year, a volume of religious essays. Lo. Rob.

Poyas, Catherine Gendron. S. C., 1813-1882. A verse-writer of Charleston. Huguenot Daughters, and Other Verses; A Year of Grief.

Pratt, Daniel Johnson. N. Y., 1827-1884. Annals of Public Education in the State of New York, 1626-1746.

Pratt, Mrs. Ella [Farman]. N. Y., 18— - ——. A popular writer for young people, long the editor of The Wide Awake, and more recently of Our Little Men and Women. Among her writings are, Good-for-Nothing Polly; A Girl’s Money; A Little Woman; A White Hand; Happy Children. Cr. Lo.