Volume 2 — ACCOUNT OF THE SEVERAL PRINCIPAL DIVISIONS OF JAVA AND MADURA.

In several parts of this work, and in particular when treating of agriculture and revenue, reference has been made to the changes introduced by the British government in the internal management of the country, and to the information of a statistical nature which was collected with regard to its resources.

It may not be uninteresting to the reader to possess, in a compressed form, the result of the surveys and inquiries which were then set on foot, as far as the same were completed at the close of the British administration on Java. The Appendix L. contains a copy of the proclamation and of the general instructions issued by the government; the latter will sufficiently explain the principle on which the tables for the eastern districts were compiled.

BANTAM.

Bantam, once rich in its pepper plantations and the emporium of the Archipelago, had, in consequence of the restrictions of the Dutch company and the vicinity of Batavia, lost all its trade and importance, long before the arrival of the British.

The succession of the throne of Bantam was generally disposed of by the influence of the Dutch government: but the administration of the country and the collection of the port duties were till very lately entirely entrusted to him. This European influence, though strongly resisted in the first instance, had been long acquiesced in, till an attempt of the Dutch government, in the year 1808, to draw additional benefit from this province, gave occasion to an insurrection. The successive measures of introducing the cultivation of coffee into that part of the island, of opening the communication by means of new roads, and of constructing a new harbour, first at Mew Bay, and afterwards at Merak Bay, imposed new and unusual burthens on the people; and so many deserted from the public works that an order was issued to the Resident, requiring him to inform the sultan that his first minister should be held responsible for the due execution of the public task assigned to the sultan's subjects. The desertion still continuing, an order still more peremptory was issued to the Resident, requiring him to call upon the sultan to deliver up his first minister immediately. In carrying these orders into execution, the Resident having imprudently risked his person, was murdered. This fatal accident was the occasion of sending a considerable military force to Bantam, by which an immediate and thorough change in the native government was effected. The reigning sultan was removed from the throne and banished to Amboina, and a relative was raised to the sovereign power.

This prince was placed under regulations dictated by the Dutch; for so fallen had the sovereigns of this once flourishing and powerful kingdom now become, that the form and solemnity of a treaty was not deemed necessary. The sultan ceded part of his territories to the westward, adjacent to the environs of Batavia, the bad administration of which had frequently given occasion to disturbances in the Batavian districts. The new sultan was allowed to administer the rest of his dominions under the superior rule of the Dutch government.

The public works to be carried on in Bantam, and the unusual burthens they imposed on the people, continued however to excite, from time to time, disturbances and insurrections. On one occasion a detachment, consisting of a lieutenant and eighteen dragoons, were surprised and murdered by the inhabitants. Several native Pangérans and chiefs fell victims to the same spirit of discontent and revenge, and another change in the person of the sultan was thought advisable; the new sultan was in consequence allured on board a vessel, and conveyed to Batavia, and in his place another chief was installed sultan of the high lands of Bantam, the Dutch reserving to themselves the direct administration of the low lands.

The country, however, remaining still in a disturbed state, the Pangéran Akmet united under his banner the discontented people of all descriptions, in a more regular opposition to the European authority. From this time an extraordinary military force was constantly kept in Bantam: all attempts, however, to arrest the person of Akmet failed. His influence increased so much that proposals were made to him of a cession of part of the country: these, however, not being listened to, it was determined to abandon the interior to his depredations, until the inhabitants themselves, wearied of his arbitrary proceedings, might seek refuge with the European government.

The Dutch force being withdrawn from Bantam, Akmet availed himself of the presence of the British cruizers, during the blockade in 1811, to strengthen his influence by an intercourse with them, which he easily effected by furnishing them with supplies plundered by him from the inhabitants. By the cruizers he was considered as an unfortunate prince, maintaining his independence against the Dutch; and when the British troops landed, the sultan was his prisoner, and all Bantam under his controul.

At the conquest of Java by the British forces the extensive tracts of this fertile province were thus in the hands of a lawless rebel, the inhabitants were in a state of revolt, and universal anarchy and distrust had prevailed for several years. All idea of raising a revenue on account of government had been abandoned; and the general settlement of the country under European controul, was the most that could be hoped for.

In the year 1813 the sultan voluntarily resigned the administration of the country into the hands of the British government, in consideration of an annual pension of ten thousand Spanish dollars. With the detailed system of land revenue introduced into this province, an accurate survey was made of all the northern divisions; and a settlement having been made with each individual cultivator, the extent of population stated in the annexed table, as far as these districts are concerned, may be considered as in general correct. The population of the southern districts is estimated; and it may be observed, that the total population rather exceeds than falls short of what is stated.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

POPULATION

OF

BANTAM.

Num​­ber of Prin​­ci​­pal Vil​­lages. Num​­ber of Houses. Ho​­use​­hold​­ers. Mar​­ried Wom​­en. Children. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion in each Dis​­trict. Num​­ber of Buf​­fa​­loes. Ploughs. Settlement, 1815. Com​­puted To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion

Males. Fe​­males. Males. Fe​­males. Sep​­a​­rate Leases grant​­ed for 1815. Quantity of Land.

Báhus. Chang​­kala

Tenára 9 1277 1221 226 983 1017 642 4089 306 364 573 1363 93 5452

Pontang 23 3620 2618 1030 2594 2766 2326 11334 980 1635 1170 2334 402 14112

Ragas 11 980 842 180 758 754 750 3235 764 610 490 848 398 3835

Tambakbaya 24 1281 869 392 791 752 669 3473 796 758 939 1593 134 4073

Panénan 25 1248 822 427 788 1089 921 4047 667 578 598 938 442 4547

Charoas 37 1639 1323 497 1150 1294 984 5248 709 648 697 1206 198 6200

Kalodran 14 1506 1129 352 1130 1123 918 4652 828 883 800 1521 278 5200

Chépété 14 1119 916 200 886 643 558 3203 519 487 826 1194 3 3400

Bántam 12 1818 1786 409 1677 614 749 5235 306 231 237 361 326 5699

Chebaning 8 1073 842 230 839 788 579 3278 598 807 353 516 451 3578

Sirang or Siram 42 5396 4399 980 4349 4826 4139 18693 2303 2787 2764 3108 484 19793

Pakam 16 1062 937 108 930 598 449 3022 457 399 741 1094 2 3321

Baros 51 2310 2888 384 2795 1825 1266 9158 1851 2033 2334 2723 146 9536

Cheomas 41 2690 2266 414 2267 902 723 6572 522 1872 2755 3640 167 6972

Sardang 26 2700 1990 731 1846 2155 1991 8713 944 804 1247 1699 168 8914

Jawána 5 1179 908 271 883 1066 952 4080 555 515 673 959 464 4390

Taraté 15 1842 1425 436 1357 1312 1102 5632 516 485 514 858 269 6400

Chelegon 34 4767 3825 1010 3685 3512 3212 15244 2531 2335 1321 2724 403 15744

Bujenagára 12 2693 2025 461 1964 2198 2096 8744 1009 1229 817 1710 30 9034

Anyer 41 4765 4710 490 4746 4346 3660 17952 2375 1695 4341 2437 180 18151

Charita 3 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 4143 ​— ​— 880 359 389 4143

Chéringbin 32 2667 2472 193 2403 1882 1454 8404 2105 1140 3846 1730 199 15384

Panimbang 11 443 405 38 399 306 207 1858 53 ​— ​— ​— ​— 1957

Minés 15 563 544 29 525 379 289 1756 382 386 673 284 358 1906

Kanánga 24 668 591 25 575 305 248 1744 419 373 808 291 195 1890

Chemánok 32 1558 1389 148 1409 888 802 4636 1178 1060 1406 1468 33 5237

Kadulósong 26 596 596 74 596 290 107 1663 941 772 2055 2241 67 4320

Chekek 20 993 767 230 739 492 482 2710 598 551 710 756 311 2841

Pandéglang 20 1020 794 234 780 611 489 2908 625 622 932 805 138 3329

Chadasári 39 2347 2227 321 2165 1576 1331 7620 1323 1233 2039 1247 75 8154

Pamaryan ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 2174 ​— 508 543 449 2174

Underándi 11 656 570 88 537 423 399 2017 499 459 426 360 178 2217

Chikándi 11 517 463 70 433 360 329 1655 374 324 332 598 271 1763

Kolelet 18 624 586 128 569 359 341 1983 356 285 634 692 220 2535

Chrangasa ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 2403 ​— ​— 1025 601 382 2403

Konchang 16 1017 910 109 853 470 400 2742 626 555 980 792 48 3110

Total 738 58631 50055 10865 48401 40921 45624 193946 31289 28915 41444 42122 54 221714

ESTIMATED POPULATION of the SOUTHERN DISTRICTS 9890

Parunkujang 1800 To​­tal Population 231604

Binwangan 2200

Parayan 1140

Somang 1305

Sajira 1745

Kosik 1700

9890

BATAVIA.

Of the splendour and magnificence which procured for this capital the title of the Queen of the East, little is now to be found. Streets have been pulled down, canals half filled up, forts demolished, and palaces levelled with the dust. The state-house, where the supreme court of justice and magistracy still assemble, remains; merchants transact their business in the town during the day, and its warehouses still contain the richest productions of the island, but few Europeans of respectability sleep within its limits.

The following table comprises all fixed residents within the city and its immediate suburbs, to the distance of about two miles. The municipal regulations of this part of the island having been continued in force, and the execution of them, for the most part, delegated to Dutch authorities, it is to be apprehended that the return of the population now given may be found deficient in accuracy. A poll-tax being levied on the Chinese, and other town duties rendering it the interest of the parties to withhold information as to the exact numbers, it is also probable that the total amount considerably exceeds that now given: certainly it does not fall short of it.

Account of the Population of the City of Batavia and its Suburbs.

Males. Females. Total.

Europeans 367 176 543

Descendants of Europeans Born in the Colony 706 779 1,485

Arabs 197 121 318

Moormen 71 48 119

Maláyus 1,756 1,399 3,155

Javans 1,782 1,549 3,331

Búgis 1,032 831 1,863

Makásars 1,148 881 2,029

Bálians 4,063 3,657 7,720

Sumbáwas 141 91 232

Mandharese 112 111 223

Ambonese and Bandas 57 25 82

Timorese and Butanese 16 8 24

Pernákans or half-caste Chinese 357 248 605

Chinese 6,976 4,273 11,249

Slaves 7,001 7,238 14,239

Grand Total 47,217

ENVIRONS OF BATAVIA.

The lands comprehended under the denomination of the Batavian environs (Ommelanden), originally formed the principal part of the Jakátra dominions. The native chiefs were early deprived of the administration by the cautious policy of the Dutch, and the lands subsequently sold in property to Europeans and others. According to an official valuation in 1813, the amount of property in houses and lands, belonging to individuals, in the city of Batavia and its environs, including the private estates near Buitenzorg, exceeded eleven millions of rix-dollars silver, and the taxes were levied on that estimate. Various systems of government had been attempted in this district before the arrival of the British in 1811, but so inefficacious were they, that it was considered unsafe for Europeans to travel without arms. As a measure of police, a portion of this division, formerly comprized within the Ommelanden, was recently annexed to the regency of Buitenzorg, and formed into a separate administration. For the population of these two divisions, as they now stand, see General Table, Vol. I, page 62, Table II.

BATAVIAN OR PRIANGEN REGENCIES.

Each of these regencies was administered by a native chief, immediately dependent on government, and without any power beyond his district. The chiefs, however, were mostly allied by frequent intermarriages, and traced their descent from different chieftains of the ancient empire of Pajajáran. Separated, on the one hand, from the dominions of the Susúnan and sultan by the country of Chéribon, and on the other from Bantam by the Batavian environs, their power never became formidable to the European government. The coffee monopoly in the Western Districts having been maintained on its former principle during the period of the British administration, the inhabitants of these districts were precluded from feeling the effects of the system introduced into the more eastern districts; but as it was in contemplation, eventually, to render the change general throughout the island, preparatory measures were taken, and a survey of these districts being made, the annexed statistical table was framed. The produce stated in the table is estimated according to the native returns; these districts likewise furnish an annual quantity of about seventy-five thousand hundred-weight of coffee for the European market.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

POPULATION

AND

CULTIVATION

OF THE

PRIANGEN REGENCIES,

INCLUDING

KRAWANG

AND

INDRAMAYU.

Names of the Re​­gen​­cies and Di​­vi​­sions. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Not Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Gen​­er​­al Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Buf​­fa​­loes. Cows. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. Sawahs. Tipar or Tegal. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Mai​­ze in Cha​­ins. Teak For​­ests. To​­tal of Land in Cul​­ti​­va​­tion. To​­tal Pro​­duce Val​­ue of To​­tal Pro​­duce Co​­coa-nut Tre​­es.

Men. Wom​­en. Boys. Girls. Men. Wom​­en. Boys. Girls. First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort. First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort. Pari. Mai​­ze. Pari. Mai​­ze.

Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Tja​­ins. Tja​­ins. Sh. Dols. Sh. Dols.

Chi​­an​­jur 522 6138 6196 7158 8154 1504 1543 2226 2315 35234 3493 ​— 717 2011 1006 3608 565 59 1181 1 15757 92 ​— 22242 22898 ​— 68596 ​— 19256

Ban​­dung 721 10804 10814 10869 11176 2597 2615 3537 3710 56122 10897 1043 932 6277 370 1818 956 512 448 90 24371 ​— ​— 31571 26083 ​— 78249 ​— 12616

Su​­me​­dang 650 8573 8664 7987 8932 97 104 97 140 34594 10086 538 1176 6738 338 3478 1971 292 210 122 10397 ​— 88 16897 32718 ​— 98154 ​— 9000

Lim​­bang'​an 168 2163 982 2812 2916 571 588 595 647 12270 2966 439 486 973 244 295 245 95 75 68 13789 ​— ​— 14821 6152 ​— 21258 ​— 6410

Su​­ka​­pu​­ra 456 8500 8082 4995 6026 458 380 216 473 29130 3783 48 953 1101 194 625 214 197 549 529 663 701 20 3718 5020 ​— 14819 1401 7446

Kra​­wang 94 4240 4340 1780 1680 300 270 320 220 13150 6073 ​— 565 ​— 1761 6083 1043 537 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 4260

Cha​­sem and Pa​­ma​­nu​­kan 124 5394 6000 3651 2985 150 175 120 160 18475 3613 36 467 ​— 3428 334 6237 25 ​— 40032 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 2596

Kan​­dan​­ga​­ur and Ind​­ra​­ma​­yu 59 4885 5155 3710 2575 500 470 360 300 17955 2606 60 153 ​— 482 381 537 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 7486

Gun​­ung Par​­ang 590 3569 3600 2547 2664 1053 1203 918 849 16403 2289 233 269 1942 486 474 523 16 347 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 11183 ​— 33549 ​— 2662

Chi​­put​­ri 24 291 289 401 383 93 95 101 98 1751 452 ​— 84 290 210 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 1265 ​— 3795 ​— 170

Chi​­ka​­long 50 800 856 526 625 210 244 219 280 3760 620 ​— 132 279 83 67 9 33 59 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 1804 ​— 5412 ​— 1204

Uj​­ung Br​­um 61 751 746 960 781 233 240 310 239 4260 793 557 179 113 75 73 79 28 13 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 809 ​— 2427 ​— 44

To​­tals 3519 56118 55724 47396 48897 7766 7927 9019 9431 243104 47671 2954 6113 19724 8677 17236 12379 1794 2882 40842 64977 793 108 80249 107932 ​— 326259 1401 73150

CHERIBON.

Chéribon fell under the European influence in the year 1666, and has now been subject to it one hundred and fifty years. It was among the first cessions made to the Dutch by the princes of Matárem.

This province had, like Bantam, been in a state of continued insurrection for many years preceding the arrival of the English. The importance of the town of Chéribon has considerably declined, partly in consequence of these commotions, and partly of epidemic fevers which prevailed some years ago.

The extensive and fertile province of Chéribon did not, under the administration of the Dutch Company, yield those profits which were expected from its great natural resources; especially of indigo, coffee, and teak timber. The Sultans of Chéribon, descended from one of the founders of the Mahomedan religion on Java, and on that account objects of religious veneration among the more orthodox Mahomedans, were always left in the entire management of the native administration. The coffee and other produce exacted from the people, was delivered by the Sultan, and paid for to him. Under this system, the residents of Chéribon enjoyed an annual income of from eighty to one hundred thousand dollars (£23,000), while the Sultans were every year more and more impoverished. At length an insurrection broke out in 1800, the ostensible reason of which was the unjust removal of Sultan Kanóman, who had been banished by the Dutch to Amboina, and the real cause probably the great oppression of the common inhabitants, occasioned by the distress of the Sultans, and the indiscriminate admission of too many Chinese in the interior of the country. The reinstallation of Sultan Kanóman, in 1808, by Marshal Daendals, did not appease the minds of the people; and the unwillingness or inability of that prince to restore the public tranquillity, led to an entirely new organization of the country.

When the island was conquered by the British troops, the rebel, Bágus Rángen, still maintained himself in the eastern parts of Kráwang, in perfect defiance of the power of government, sternly rejecting the offers of pardon and oblivion which were on that occasion offered to him, and eluding or defeating all attempts to destroy or ensnare him. Such was the veneration in which this man was regarded by the people of these districts, and such the dread in which he was held by the native chiefs (through whose means alone his apprehension was to be accomplished), that he remained in perfect quiet and security, maintained a correspondence with the disaffected throughout the province, secured his regular supplies of ammunition and provisions from all parts, and even from the town of Chéribon, and tranquilly prepared for the ensuing rainy season, to appear again in arms and ravage the country.

In a few months after the establishment of a British resident in the district, the person of Bágus Rángen was secured, and the country reduced to a perfect state of tranquillity, in which it remained during the whole period of the British administration.

The following extracts from the report of the gentleman[279] intrusted with the introduction of the land revenue system into Chéribon, may serve to illustrate the state of this province:​—

"There is, perhaps, with the exception of the environs of Batavia and Bantam, no part of the island of Java which has so severely felt the bad effects of mismanagement as the district of Chéribon. These effects are visible in the character of the people, who, even among the Javans, are remarkable for a careless indifference to the pursuit of gain, for indolence, for want of energy, and for a credulity and ignorance, rendering them perpetually a prey to delusion. Within the last forty years, in particular, a series of mismanagement and oppression is said to have wrought a most unfavourable change in the character of the people, to have destroyed the habits of industry, and consequently to have changed even the aspect of the country, so that it is no longer to be recognized as the fruitful district which it is once represented to have been. Within the last seven years, famine, mortality, and civil commotion, have contributed to aggravate the evils of mismanagement, and in one or other form have desolated some of the finest parts of the district.

"The history of the civil commotions alluded to afford a striking illustration of the character of the inhabitants. It certainly gives no countenance to the representation of those observers who ascribe to the Javans in general a character of the most invincible apathy, stupidity, and indolence, as if these qualities had been irrevocably engrafted upon their very natures. A better knowledge of their real character enables us to draw very different inferences, and to ascribe to them a much larger share of sensibility, than could from reasoning be expected to result from the apparently overwhelming causes which contribute to degrade their faculties and blunt their energies and exertions.

"It is an instructive fact, highly worthy of remark, that the successive commotions and insurrections which have for many years disturbed the peace of Chéribon, have uniformly had their origin in the Javan districts, where the rights of private property in the soil were almost entirely overlooked, that they have only occasionally extended from the Javan to the Súnda districts, and have never reached the Priang'en lands, where property in the soil is fully acknowledged and respected.

"The taxes which fell upon agriculture were so various, and at the same time assumed such a variety of shapes, that it is impracticable to state in a word the actual portion which by law or custom fell to the share of the sovereign.

"The most material, however, are comprehended in the following catalogue, to which are added, others falling equally upon agricultural industry, though not constituting a direct source of revenue to government:

"1. The contingent, called in the language of the country, gántang. This is usually estimated at fifteen parts in one hundred of the rice crop; but it was, in truth, arbitrarily assessed, according to a rough conjecture of the capability of the country. In such of the Priang'en lands as continued to be directly administered by their own native chiefs, the amount paid to the latter was determined with some accuracy to be one tenth of the gross produce, embracing, as in the first case, the rice crop only.

"2. A poll tax, or rather a tax on families, called by the natives of this part of the country, pagalántang. Part was levied on account of government, and part on account of the chiefs.

"3. Market duties or tolls. These were literally levied on every article vended in the markets, embracing as well the whole produce of their agriculture, as that of their petty arts and manufactures.

"4. A tax on the slaughter of buffaloes, necessarily affecting the price of food, and discouraging the rearing of an animal indispensable to a successful prosecution of the labours of agriculture.

"5. The charge of lodging and feeding travellers, and transporting troops, baggage, and stores of all descriptions. This is termed in the native language, súguh, or the rites of hospitality.

"6. The obligation to construct and repair bridges, roads, and public buildings, throughout the country.

"7. The obligation to cultivate and deliver, at inadequate rates, certain foreign productions, which the actual condition of the country, the habits of the people, and still less their interests, could never have prompted them to undertake, if permitted freely to pursue their own interest. Coffee was the chief of these products.

"8. In speaking of the taxes which fall upon the husbandman and the land, the Zakat must not be forgotten. This is nominally a tithe, or tenth. The payment is indeed optional, but from religious motives seldom withheld. Every tenth sheaf of the rice crop is allotted to religious purposes, but every man measures its size according to his own piety. Its amount was of course very variable, but almost always materially smaller, and generally indeed not half the size, of the ordinary sheaf. This practice gives rise to a well known distinction between the ordinary sheaf and that allotted for the clergy, when the grain is brought to market."

The table annexed was framed on the introduction of the detailed system; but it not being practicable, on account of the extent of the province, for the European officer to visit every part of the district, many of the particulars are stated upon estimate; particularly the quantity of cultivated land and amount of produce, which, it is to be apprehended, are rather over-rated. The return, however, of the population may be considered more accurate.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

CHERIBON, 1815.

DI​­VI​­SIONS. SAWAH. VAL​­UE OF SAWAH. To​­tal Sawah in Cul​­ti​­va​­tion. To​­tal Val​­ue of Sawah. TE​­GAL. VAL​­UE OF TE​­GAL. To​­tal Quan​­ti​­ty of Te​­gal. To​­tal Val​­ue of Te​­gal. To​­tal Sawah and Te​­gal in Cul​­ti​­va​­tion. To​­tal Val​­ue of the Crop.

First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort. First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort. First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort. First Sort. Sec​­ond Sort. Third Sort.

Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Ju​­ngs. Ru​­pees. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Ju​­ngs. Ru​­pees. Ju​­ngs. Ru​­pees.

Bengawan 820 1119 2587 87565 89529 138012 4527 315107 8 68 19 700 3676 77 4395 4605 319503

Cheribon 78 319 1318 8345 25544 70327 1716 104217 19 94 10 1543 5015 113 6569 1829 110786

Chiamis 231 352 24658 18815 583 43474 51 144 4089 7704 195 11794 779 55269

Chikaso 182 409 873 19435 32768 46607 1465 98811 138 30 7374 138 7404 1604 106216

Lingajati 431 315 429 46012 25242 22884 1175 94140 49 34 42 5304 2758 2276 126 10339 1302 94479

Gebang 70 140 567 7479 11216 30288 778 48984 20 27 1640 1456 47 3097 826 52082

Losari 3 8 600 320 713 32024 612 33057 9 3 759 197 13 957 625 34014

Kuningan 91 247 901 9718 19765 42768 1140 72252 15 341 1244 18208 356 19452 1497 91705

Telaga 101 195 338 10833 15643 18066 635 44542 1 22 648 148 1824 34593 672 36565 1308 81108

Sindangkasi 294 361 459 31440 28926 24521 1116 84888 19 302 1529 16126 321 17655 1437 102544

Raja Galu 289 377 591 30921 30211 31534 1258 92667 98 5274 98 5274 1357 97941

Panjalu 24 84 265 2663 6754 14181 375 23598 399 21298 399 21298 774 44897

Forest Districts 156 500 831 16646 40072 44320 1487 101039 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— 39 ​— 39 1488 101079

Total 2770 4074 10111 296035 326383 534347 16867 1156776 50 197 2304 5481 16116 123236 2555 144838 19431 1291627

Ma​­les. Fe​­ma​­les. At​­tach​­ed to the Cul​­ti​­va​­tion of the Soil. Em​­ploy​­ed in oth​­er Av​­o​­ca​­tion. To​­tal Num​­ber of Buf​­fa​­loes. To​­tal Num​­ber of Hor​­ses. To​­tal Num​­ber of Plo​­ughs. JA​­VANS. CHI​­NESE

To­tal Ja​­vans. Ma​­les. Fe​­ma​­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em​­ploy​­ed in oth​­er Av​­o​­ca​­tion. To​­tal Num​­ber of Buf​­fa​­loes. To​­tal Num​­ber of Hor​­ses. To​­tal Num​­ber of Plo​­ughs. To­tal Chi​­nese. Ma​­les. Fe​­ma​­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em​­ploy​­ed in oth​­er Av​­o​­ca​­tion. To​­tal Num​­ber of Buf​­fa​­loes. To​­tal Num​­ber of Hor​­ses. To​­tal Num​­ber of Plo​­ughs.

To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion 216001 105421 110550 132215 83889 48866 6623 17356 213658 99837 113821 132106 81659 42846 6489 17318 2343 109 2234 1093 1141 320 124 48

EASTERN DISTRICTS.

The Dutch, in acquiring these extensive and valuable provinces on the sea coast, were considered to have acquired the same right as had previously been enjoyed by the native sovereigns, and deemed it advisable to continue the long-established principles and forms of native government. In the same manner, therefore, as the emperors of Java were looked upon as the ultimate proprietors of the land in their dominions, the Dutch Company were considered as possessing the same right with respect to the provinces under their immediate administration; and the princes of Java having been in the habit of entrusting the government, police, and revenue of the different provinces to inferior chiefs, the same system was adhered to under the Dutch. The native system of drawing again the revenues of government from these inferior chieftains, by means of contributions in kind, in money, and by occasional fees and presents, was also maintained; a portion of the common class of inhabitants under the native government being assigned to the performance of different sorts of public works, transports for government, the repair of the roads, the construction of public buildings, the guarding of public stores, the loading and unloading of government vessels, the cutting of grass, the cutting of fire-wood, the keeping a police guard, and other offices, the same principle was adopted under the management of the Dutch, and as under the native form of administration a reward for these feudal services was granted, by the use of an assignment of rice fields allotted either to individuals or to certain classes of workmen, but withdrawn from them as soon as the public duty ceased to be performed, the same mode of remuneration was also adopted by the Dutch.

These principles of administration being combined with the mercantile interests of the Dutch Company, gave rise to certain contracts, which the native chiefs of the different districts (termed by the Dutch Regents) were compelled to enter into on their appointment, for the annual delivery to the Company, either without payment, which was called a contingent, or for a price far below that of the market, which was termed a forced delivery at a fixed price, of such quantity of rice, pepper, cotton, indigo, and other articles, as the market and present state of trade and commerce made most desirable; while the planting of coffee and the cutting of teak timber was always considered as a feudal service, for which, besides the use of a certain portion of rice fields, allotted to the individuals or villagers employed, a certain payment was made, about equivalent to the expenses of transportation to the government yards or storehouses.

The administration of the Eastern Districts, including Madúra, was vested in a governor and council for the north-east coast of Java. The governor was, at the same time, director of the Company's trade, and resided at Semárang. Subordinate to this government was that called Gezaghebber and council, established at Surabáya, the chief place of the east point of Java; while in the other principal districts along the coast, as at Tegal Pekalóngan, Japára, Jawána, &c. residents were fixed: no direct correspondence from the eastern part of the island was maintained with the government of Batavia, except by the governor, usually termed the governor of Java, or by the governor and council. Even the residents at the native courts of Súra Kérta and Yúgya Kérta, only communicated with government through him. By him the succession to the throne of the Susúnan and of the sultan was generally determined; the appointments of native chiefs and regents were made on his proposal; the Company's farms and duties for the Eastern Districts were sold by him; and though he had literally no salary whatever from the treasury of government, he was supposed to draw from his situation a yearly revenue of between three and four hundred thousand dollars. At the same time the correspondence with the Eastern Districts was neither very regular nor very expeditious, and the management of the Company's affairs in those districts was as much a mystery to the chief government at Batavia, as the governor of Semárang chose to make it.

This system continued, without any essential alteration, until after the arrival of Marshal Daendals in 1808.

Some of the contingents, such as indigo, cotton yarn, pepper, &c. to which, however, the regents had not without great reluctance submitted for many years, were then indeed partially abolished; but, on the other hand, all the peculations of the Dutch servants residing along the coast, who had for their own private emolument raised the deliveries, chiefly of rice, at some places to double, and at others to more than double the quantity legally assessed on the regents, at the same time paying for them at some places two-thirds, and at others only half the price assigned by the government, were at once transferred and confirmed to government, by a single decree, ordering, without previous inquiry or reserve, that all the produce which had been usually delivered to the respective residents along the coast, under whatever denomination, should, in the same quantities and with their surplus weight, be for the future delivered to government, and that no higher prices should be granted for the same than that which the residents used to pay.

Equally inconsistent and oppressive in its consequences was a measure by which, on the one hand, the wages of private labour and services were raised to an unusual price, while on the other, the public works, the public transports, and the plantations of coffee, were carried on either gratuitously or at the former inadequate rate. This regulation raised the price of all the first necessaries of life, and principally of rice, which the common classes of the inhabitants felt as a heavier grievance than any they had ever experienced from the former system. Till then, the colonial administration had always, as far as was consistent with their own monopoly and forced delivery of produce at fixed rates, taken particular care to keep down the price of rice and salt as much as possible.

But a measure, still more pernicious in its consequences, was that by which the native regents were each of them subjected to a contribution in hard cash, while at the same time the power of levying taxes on the inhabitants of these districts was left in their hands; a system which, in all cases, afforded them a pretext, and in many an apology, for the most vexatious oppression.

The commendation which is due to this administration is rather founded on those arrangements which had a tendency to prevent peculations in the inferior European servants in every department, and on the abolition of the subordinate governments of Semárang and Surabáya. Fixed salaries were allowed to the residents; they were prohibited from keeping private vessels, and from all trade in the products of their districts. The sale of the government farms and duties was made public, and in a great measure free from corruption, by which means they were immediately raised to more than three times the former amount: each branch of public expenditure and receipt was fixed and ascertained; new and practicable roads were established; the appointment of every native, from the first rank as low as a Demáng, was reserved to the government alone; the Javan custom of pawning the person for a small sum of money was prohibited; fees and presents were abolished. By such measures, a much more regular, active, pure, and efficient administration was established on Java than ever existed at any former period of the Dutch Company.

JAVA.

The following tables are abstracted from the detailed reports furnished during the course of the survey made by the British government. In some particulars they may be deficient and inaccurate, as sufficient time had not been given to complete the detailed survey of the country directed by the Revenue Instructions; but the general results may, for the most part, be depended upon.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

TEGAL.

Names of Di​­vi​­sions. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Saw​­ah. Teg​­al. Cof​­fee Gar​­dens. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pari. Mai​­ze. Cof​­fee. Pari. Mai​­ze. Cof​­fee.

Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Ju​­ngs. Amats. Amats. Pik​­uls. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Ru​­pees. Java Ru​­pees.

Tegal 5920 5694 204 21 367198 16335 541 538557 6125 5198 549881

Brebes 3924 3371 394 159 152354 31520 2740 223453 11820 26305 261578

Pamalang 2817 2378 293 145 114820 23499 2551 168403 8812 24491 201707

Grand Total 12661 11443 891 325 634372 71354 5832 930413 26757 55994 1013166

Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Ho​­use​­hold​­ers not Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE and oth​­er FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Num​­ber of Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Num​­ber of Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

Tegal 123208 58185 65023 11693 7990 14689 1435 5685 121238 57224 64014 14663 1359 5682 1025 518 507 13 64 ​—

Brebes 24833 9354 15485 5546 1143 5313 747 2668 24230 9118 15111 5199 733 2602 583 220 363 91 12 43

Pamalang 30374 14000 16342 5547 1549 4172 491 1800 29978 13823 16123 4160 471 1794 396 177 219 22 20 6

Grand Total 178415 81539 96850 22786 10682 24174 2673 10153 175446 80165 95248 24022 2563 10078 2004 915 1089 126 96 49

REMARKS: Average Value of a Jung of Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land, Java Rupees 79.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

PAKALONG'AN, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Pa​­ka​­long'​an 1107 10765 — ​— ​— 5474 ​— 4974 ​— 500 ​— 1657 ​— 235 ​— 50 ​— ​— 7416 ​— 235 ​— 114 ​— 3000 ​— 3114 ​— 149220 ​— 8000 ​— 238752 ​— 1600 ​— 240352 ​—

2 U­lu­ja­mi 247 2593 1 ​— ​— 1612 ​— 1608 3 3 1 261 2 ​— 3 3 ​— 1877 1 30 2 340 1 340 1 680 3 48025 12 43 5 116528 26 8 12 116537 8

3 Ba­tang 527 7970 ​— ​— ​— 2850 ​— 2750 ​— 100 ​— 1000 ​— 178 ​— 250 ​— ​— 4278 ​— 700 ​— 500 ​— 2500 ​— 3000 ​— 82500 ​— 1600 ​— 165000 ​— 500 ​— 165500 ​—

To­tal 1881 21328 1 ​— ​— 9936 ​— 9332 3 603 1 2918 2 413 ​— 303 3 ​— 13571 1 965 2 954 1 5840 1 6794 3 279745 12 9643 5 520280 26 2108 12 522389 8

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. To­tal Pop­u­la­tion. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. To­tal Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. To­tal Num­ber of Hor­ses. To­tal Num­ber of Plo­ughs. JA­VANS. CHI­NESE and oth­er For­eign­ers.

To­tal Ja­vans. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. Num­ber of Hor­ses. Num­ber of Plo­ughs. To­tal Chi­nese. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. Num­ber of Hor­ses. Num­ber of Plo­ughs.

1 Pa​­ka​­long'​an 58432 25398 33034 14000 2928 7804 535 3000 57330 24730 32600 14600 2028 7800 510 3600 1102 ​— 300 668 434 4 25 ​—

2 U­lu­ja­mi 20278 9947 10331 4351 554 2469 126 1058 19968 9801 10167 4351 554 2469 119 1058 310 ​— 310 146 164 ​— 7 ​—

3 Ba­tang 36732 17842 18890 7810 423 6370 300 3270 36098 17476 18622 7800 250 6170 280 3220 634 10 73 366 268 200 20 50

To­tal 115442 53187 62255 26161 3905 16643 961 7328 113396 52007 61389 26751 2832 16439 909 7878 2046 10 783 1180 866 204 52 50

REMARKS: Average Value of a Jung of cultivated land, 52 Rupees, 16 Stivers.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

SEMARANG, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Divisions. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Serondol 75 2818 1 1240 3 1343 1 1083 1 260 0 357 3 81 3 105 2 42 3 1931 0 309 3 231 2 346 0 887 1 33513 3 7260178 0 67026 9 4738 26 71765 5

2 Sing'en 201 14602 0 15291 1 5936 1 5816 2 119 3 937 1 — 0 7038 1 28 1 13940 0 268 2 177 3 215 3 662 0 161711 4 2974400 0 304547 21¼ 2127 21 306675 12¼

3 Grogol 52 682 0 692 0 607 2 606 2 1 0 70 1 — 0 — 0 2 2 680 1 ​— 1 3 ​— 1 3 18869 0 4000 0 38149 18 8 0 38157 18

4 Ugarang 87 1463 1 3385 0 795 3 681 1 114 2 200 3 59 3 41 3 17 2 1115 2 64 1 131 2 152 0 347 3 17040 10 2471530 0 34082 12 1680 1 35762 13

5 Ambarawa 131 5947 1 6117 2 1631 2 1395 3 235 3 391 3 107 3 2642 2 66 3 4840 1 347 3 239 2 519 3 1107 0 43691 15 5488924 0 87383 15 4236 17¾ 91620 2¾

6 Salatiga 126 3497 0 5964 2 1560 3 1201 3 359 0 391 2 26 2 124 1 46 2 2149 2 451 2 159 0 737 0 1347 2 34738 12½ 7757668 0 69477 7½ 5776 24½ 75254 2

7 Boyalali 61 3675 2 1636 1 2057 3 714 3 1343 0 270 2 14 0 5 0 7 2 2354 3 247 2 764 3 308 2 1320 3 18186 0 29389643 0 36372 0 19567 2 55939 2

8 Wedong 60 3945 1 2540 0 2344 3 2311 0 33 3 119 3 — 0 — 0 34 3 2499 1 377 0 90 0 979 0 1446 0 54683 7 540967 0 97899 16½ 491 24½ 98391 11

9 Demak 101 3353 0 3760 0 2354 3 2348 0 6 3 228 3 — 0 — 0 9 3 2593 1 352 0 25 2 382 1 759 3 56433 18 162000 0 87088 9¼ 180 0 87268 9¼

10 Manjer 62 7661 0 7619 0 1498 1 1483 3 14 2 459 1 — 0 3221 1 1 2 5180 1 1321 2 103 2 1055 3 2480 3 37359 1 348870 0 45868 18¼ 184 0½ 46052 18¾

11 Sambung 87 2572 2 2560 0 1405 3 1394 3 11 0 201 3 — 0 2 2 6 3 1616 3 564 3 23 2 367 2 955 3 32894 15 ​— 49433 8¼ 18 0 49451 8¼

12 Chankiran 34 799 1 2486 1 334 2 332 0 2 2 64 2 61 1 91 0 6 3 558 0 37 2 40 1 163 2 241 1 9332 7 45935 0 18670 21 57 1 18727 22

13 Limbangan 36 1090 3 5770 0 359 3 343 1 16 2 59 2 51 3 61 0 6 1 538 1 69 2 21 0 462 0 552 2 10401 8 240614 0 19876 0 348 21 20224 21

14 Kaliwungu 125 3816 3 6306 0 931 2 782 2 149 0 224 0 45 1 1062 3 29 1 2292 3 205 2 429 3 888 3 1524 0 23951 1 4021817 0 47902 3 3618 11 51520 14

15 Brebuan 95 1468 2 2500 0 789 3 740 3 49 0 179 0 19 3 419 1 6 2 1414 1 24 2 17 2 12 1 54 1 22788 3 590618 0 45576 9 676 26 46253 5

16 Kandal 97 1876 1 481 3 1085 2 1065 3 19 3 173 1 — 0 — 0 25 1 1284 0 — 1 28 2 563 2 592 1 29839 3 165325 0 59678 9 341 8 60019 17

17 Truko 88 1754 0 2268 0 963 1 948 1 15 0 116 2 12 1 144 3 18 2 1255 1 23 1 204 3 270 3 498 3 29745 15 183240 0 58670 11 265 24 58936 58

Totals 1518 61022 2 70618 1 26000 2 23249 3 3750 3 4446 0 480 0 14959 3 357 0 46243 1 4665 0 2690 0 7424 1 14779 1 635179 2½ 61645729 0 44316 28¼ 44316 28¼ 1212019 6¼

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Ho​­use​­hold​­ers not Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Ho​­use​­hold​­ers not Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Ho​­use​­hold​­ers not Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Serondol 21014 10417 10597 2667 2713 3909 31 1404 21014 10417 10597 2667 2713 3909 31 1404 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

2 Sing'en 48847 24871 23976 9351 4317 8839 164 4663 48558 24733 23825 9351 4246 8839 162 4663 289 138 151 ​— 71 ​— 2 ​—

3 Grogol 7478 3955 3523 747 1727 1138 23 490 7407 3919 3488 747 1704 1138 23 490 71 36 35 ​— 23 ​— ​— ​—

4 Ugarang 14942 7472 7470 2582 1406 2578 174 981 14902 7453 7449 2582 1394 2578 168 981 40 19 21 ​— 12 ​— 6 ​—

5 Ambarawa 26791 13418 13373 6798 1121 4264 422 1561 26769 13406 13363 6798 1116 4264 420 1561 22 12 10 ​— 5 ​— 2 ​—

6 Salatiga 25902 13063 12839 3679 403 6308 538 1942 25763 12988 12775 3679 379 6304 531 1942 139 75 64 ​— 24 4 7 ​—

7 Boyalali 21633 10929 10704 4995 407 7499 264 2932 21628 10928 10700 4995 406 7499 264 2932 5 1 4 ​— 1 ​— ​— ​—

8 Wedong 21993 11037 10956 3967 1728 2887 26 1538 21390 10736 10654 3922 1629 2871 26 1531 603 301 302 45 99 16 ​— 7

9 Demak 21301 10845 10456 2972 2314 3042 32 1532 21241 10813 10428 2972 2301 3042 32 1532 60 32 28 ​— 13 ​— ​— ​—

10 Manjer 8919 4487 4432 2121 864 2422 88 1310 8882 4468 4414 2120 857 2410 87 1304 37 19 18 1 7 12 1 6

11 Sambung 9983 5040 4943 2201 513 2012 56 1038 9846 4967 4879 2182 490 1994 55 1029 137 73 64 19 23 18 1 9

12 Chankiran 5532 2904 2628 1349 119 1036 102 361 5532 2904 2628 1349 119 1086 102 361 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

13 Limbangan 5775 2904 2871 1494 59 1162 66 445 5764 2898 2866 1494 56 1162 64 445 11 6 5 ​— 3 ​— 2 ​—

14 Kaliwungu 22856 11322 11534 4090 1893 2167 69 667 22668 11231 11437 4089 1867 2085 60 653 188 91 97 1 26 82 9 14

15 Brebuan 12437 6230 6207 2867 163 3242 15 1137 12437 6230 6207 2867 163 3242 15 1137 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

16 Kandal 20609 10269 10340 3531 1518 3439 53 1343 20511 10224 10287 3531 1501 3431 49 1342 98 45 53 ​— 17 8 4 1

17 Truko 11598 5846 5752 2795 139 2757 28 1075 11598 5846 5752 2795 139 2757 28 1057 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

Totals 307610 155009 152601 58206 21404 58751 2151 24419 305910 154161 151749 58140 21080 58611 2117 24382 1700 848 852 66 324 140 34 37

Estimated Population of the Town and Suburbs ​20,000

Total Population ​327,610

REMARKS: Average Value of a Jung of cultivated Land 7 Rup. 46³⁄₁₂

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

KEDU, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Di­vi­sions. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Probolingo 452 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 2121 0 1382 0 739 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 89090 0 11736 0 149187 0 3909 0 153096 0

2 Asinan 496 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 1705 0 1084 0 621 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 52650 0 9889 0 89248 0 3295 0 92543 0

3 Bala 354 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 801 0 648 0 153 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 36640 0 2982 0 59400 0 994 0 60394 0

4 Minoreh 602 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 1943 0 1524 0 419 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 92476 0 8097 0 154457 0 2692 0 157149 0

5 Bandongan 412 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 987 0 946 0 41 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 59024 0 884 0 98373 0 328 0 98701 0

6 Magelan 334 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 6225 0 658 0 5567 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 40846 0 133383 0 67409 0 43856 0 111265 0

7 Prapag 169 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 476 0 442 0 34 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 21060 0 816 0 36765 0 272 0 37037 0

8 Jetis 557 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 2710 0 2495 0 215 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 148864 0 3160 0 248063 0 1434 0 249497 0

9 Lumpuyang 254 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 1203 0 1038 0 165 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 56204 0 3354 0 93673 0 1118 0 94791 0

10 Somowono 249 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 881 0 540 0 341 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 20420 0 6219 0 34033 0 2073 0 36106 0

Totals 3879 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 19052 0 10757 0 8295 0 ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ ​— ​ 616274 0 180520 0 1030608 0 59971 0 1090579 0

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Probolingo 18667 9333 9334 8741 592 2660 209 1330 18642 9321 9321 8741 580 2652 202 1326 25 12 13 ​— 12 8 7 4

2 Asinan 16740 8333 8407 8019 314 1692 167 1041 16713 8318 8395 8019 299 1686 155 1039 27 15 12 ​— 15 6 12 2

3 Bala 14086 7043 7043 5437 1606 1762 992 1762 14044 7022 7022 5437 1585 1762 263 1762 42 21 21 ​— 21 ​— 3 ​—

4 Minoreh 45668 22815 22853 22201 614 5713 367 5713 45565 22767 22798 22192 575 5697 346 5704 103 48 55 9 39 16 21 9

5 Bandongan 14902 7415 7487 7312 103 2520 358 1240 14908 7378 7430 7312 66 2520 315 1240 94 37 57 ​— 37 ​— 43 ​—

6 Magelan 14587 7302 7285 7045 257 3615 566 2479 14447 7239 7208 7044 195 3610 652 2477 140 63 77 1 62 5 14 2

7 Prapag 4858 2420 2438 2320 100 642 152 311 4781 2383 2398 2318 65 612 117 306 77 37 40 2 35 30 35 5

8 Jetis 53090 25717 27373 25225 492 6835 1441 3053 52494 25392 27102 25137 255 6555 1288 2955 596 325 271 88 237 280 153 108

9 Lampuyang 9788 4915 4873 4709 206 5378 1095 1298 9778 4910 4868 4709 201 5378 1095 1298 10 5 5 ​— 5 ​— ​—

10 Somowono 4924 2451 2473 2406 45 1306 281 1133 4899 2437 2462 2406 31 1302 274 1131 25 14 11 ​— 14 4 7 2

Total 197310 97744 99566 93415 4329 32123 5002 19370 196171 97167 99004 93315 3852 31774 4707 19238 1139 577 562 100 477 349 295 13

REMARKS: Average value of a Jung of Cultivated Land, J. R. 57 7¼.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

JIPANG

AND

GROBOGANG, 1815.

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­la­ges. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Grobogan 97 2088 0 1559 0 325 0 1271 2 1222 2 48 3 216 3 — 303 0 22 0 70 3 107 2 46 2 50 0 204 0 20634 0 288 0 10317 0 96 11 10413 11

2 Purwadados 133 2692 0 2316 0 226 0 1935 1 1813 4 121 2 251 1 — 207 2 18 2 130 0 138 1 — 12 2 150 0 26970 0 726 0 13485 0 212 25 13127 25

3 Wirosari 149 2665 3 1025 2 1268 3 825 2 745 3 79 3 144 3 — 1254 3 14 0 55 2 235 0 1 1 135 0 371 1 21600 0 474 0 10800 0 158 3 10958 3

4 Panolan 223 4722 0 921 3 2377 2 712 0 579 0 133 0 146 3 — 2372 2 5 0 63 0 200 0 275 3 947 0 1422 3 19898 0 798 0 9949 0 266 23 10215 23

5 Padangan 191 3900 2 959 1 2458 1 795 0 661 0 134 0 119 0 — 2404 1 54 0 45 1 103 2 50 0 329 2 483 0 23478 0 798 0 11739 0 266 7 12005 7

6 Rajawesi 207 5585 2 1403 3 2513 2 1160 0 1002 1 158 3 182 2 — 2580 0 13 2 61 1 457 3 631 2 578 3 1668 0 27066 0 948 0 13533 0 316 28 13849 28

7 Sekarang 167 2705 0 1759 0 161 1 1461 0 1378 3 82 1 177 0 — 148 1 13 0 121 0 292 1 80 0 412 2 784 3 40890 0 492 0 20445 0 164 19 20609 19

8 Bowerno 159 2126 2 1556 1 139 2 1223 3 1157 3 66 0 202 2 — 107 3 31 1 130 0 178 1 — 253 0 451 1 34118 0 264 0 17059 0 132 23 17191 23

9 Jenawun 30 466 3 278 0 53 3 164 1 130 1 34 0 40 0 — 50 3 3 0 23 3 139 0 — 46 0 185 0 7564 0 136 0 3782 0 68 16 3850 16

Total 1356 26952 0 11728 2 9523 1 9548 1 8691 1 858 0 1480 2 — 9348 3 174 1 700 9 1851 2 1085 1 2764 1 5700 1 222218 0 4924 0 111109 0 1713 5 112822 8

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Grobogan 6783 3133 3650 410 419 1594 86 733 6713 3093 3670 1410 407 1582 80 727 70 40 30 ​— 12 12 6 6

2 Purwadados 6461 3154 3307 1860 421 2128 112 1103 6381 3094 3287 1846 408 2102 109 1090 80 60 20 14 14 26 3 13

3 Wirocari 4377 2071 2306 1650 258 2077 161 984 4347 2051 2296 1650 252 2063 144 977 90 20 10 ​— 6 14 7 7

4 Panolan 8128 3857 4271 1461 372 1796 131 704 8114 3849 4265 1461 367 1793 126 700 14 8 6 ​— 5 3 5 4

6 Padangan 1245 5498 5747 1774 179 2564 323 250 11160 5458 5722 1774 164 2560 318 2247 65 40 25 ​— 15 4 5 3

6 Rajawesi 10838 4894 5944 1607 194 3028 247 1132 10819 4884 5935 1607 190 3022 243 1130 19 10 9 ​— 4 6 4 2

7 Sekarang 8053 4139 3924 1630 107 2542 139 1259 7963 4069 3894 1630 87 2528 129 1254 30 70 20 ​— 20 14 10 5

8 Bowerno 8126 3809 4317 1555 146 1924 215 1278 8111 3799 4312 1666 142 1920 210 1276 15 10 5 ​— 4 4 5 2

9 Jenawun 2501 1138 1363 436 128 554 66 265 2481 1126 1355 436 122 548 63 263 20 12 8 ​— 6 6 3 2

Totals 66512 31693 34829 13494 2224 18197 1470 9708 66109 31423 34736 13480 2138 18118 1422 9664 403 250 133 14 86 89 48 44

REMARKS: Average Value of the produce of a Jung of cultivated Land, Java Rupees 11, 24 stivers.

GENERAL REMARKS.

Under the head of "Government Lands," is given the extent of the ground attached to the house in which the Tumung'gung or chief of the district formerly lived, the alun alun, or what is commonly termed the paséban, likewise the extent of the public road. Most part of the land inserted under the head of "Jungle Land" is capable of being converted into sawah and tegal lands, and the reason for such land not being found in a state of cultivation, the soil being in general very rich, is the want of population.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

JAPARA,

AND

JAWANA, 1816.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Japara 146 2077 0 1730 0 12 0 1719 0 1421 0 309 0 420 0 120 0 35 0 4 0 1710 0 20 0 208 0 250 0 — 26999 0 2890 0 53998 0 5750 0 59778 0

2 Kudus 171 3050 0 2968 0 12 0 2965 0 2824 0 141 0 — 53 0 — 3 0 2965 0 — 20 0 30 0 — 56400 0 1410 0 112960 0 3820 0 115780 0

3 Pati 519 9935 0 9523 0 12 0 9523 0 8669 0 914 0 — 134 0 13 0 4 0 9523 0 60 0 100 0 200 0 100 0 121376 0 8540 0 242752 0 17080 0 259832 0

4 Jawana 135 3389 0 3345 0 12 0 2833 0 3066 0 23 0 — 68 0 16 0 3 0 2830 0 256 0 — — — 47770 0 345 0 95540 0 690 0 96230 0

Total 971 18451 0 17566 0 48 0 17040 0 15980 0 1387 0 420 0 375 0 64 0 14 0 17028 0 336 0 328 0 480 0 100 0 252545 0 13185 0 505250 0 26340 0 531620 0

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Japara 48728 23439 25289 8917 3434 7755 376 4210 47925 23055 24870 8885 3082 7531 356 4104 803 32 352 384 419 224 20 106

2 Kudus 36634 17857 18777 6378 2711 5698 239 2828 36216 17647 18569 6269 2610 5521 222 2728 418 109 101 210 208 177 17 100

3 Pati 90429 45622 44807 19022 2251 18407 554 10514 89986 45436 44350 18992 2095 18347 535 10484 443 30 156 186 257 61 19 30

4 Jawana 40205 20142 20163 5614 5216 5411 400 2853 39300 19646 19654 5584 4750 5399 392 2848 1005 30 466 496 509 12 3 13

Total 216096 107060 109036 39931 13612 37272 1569 20413 213427 105784 107643 39730 12537 36798 1505 20164 2669 201 1075 1276 1393 474 64 249

GENERAL REMARKS.

The best sawah of Japara yields from twenty-six to twenty-one amats of pari per jung; but there being a quantity of sawah of a very poor soil, it has been found, that the average will not be to each jung more than sixteen, which this calculation is made on. The tegals are calculated at ten amats per jung.

The best sawahs of Kudus produces from thirty-one to twenty-five amats per jung at the first crop, and should the farmer sow his seed early, it will produce a second crop in the course of the year. The cultivators In this district, generally speaking, plant their lands with other cultivation, after procuring a crop of pari, such as jagon, katela, kapas, and the indigo plant. The third of this division being lands of a very inferior quality, and situated high, it has been found that the average does not exceed more than twenty amats per jung. The tegals are also rated at ten amats per jung.

The division of Pati is much larger than the others, and the best sawah produces from thirty to twenty amats per jung, and in some few places yields a second crop; but in consequence of there being in this division a quantity of land which produces but little, and the sixth of the crops being often destroyed by the wild hogs, the average cannot be rated higher than fourteen amats per jung throughout.

The division of Jawana has a great quantity of sawah, and the last may be rated at twenty-eight to thirty amats per jung, but a small part of this being poor, and also being subject to continual inundations from the river of Jawana, it is not calculated to produce more than seventeen amats per jung throughout.

The rate of an amat at pari is two rupees, which is the price at the time of harvest through out the Residency.

This statement comprehends all assignments to native chiefs and village officers, and taken from the actual measurement of the sawahs and tegals.

The average value of the produce of a jung of cultivated land, thirty-one Rupees.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

REMBANG, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Rambang 568 23020 3 18890 0 4130 3 8081 1 7382 2 698 3 1076 3 30 3 9403 3 327 1 18890 0 2627 0 947 0 556 3 4130 3 156182 0 22951 4 364498 0 11020 4 375518 4

2 Lasem 319 10996 2 9570 1 1426 1 5356 2 4362 2 993 3 525 3 33 2 3631 1 53 2 9570 1 451 0 245 1 729 3 1426 1 94219 0 33844 19 235547 0 16235 22 251782 7

3 Tuban 441 15423 3 11093 1 4330 2 5239 3 4792 2 447 2 684 0 31 1 5069 0 68 3 11093 1 950 3 1440 3 1939 0 4330 2 103994 0 14908 8 259974 0 7156 0 267130 0

Total 1328 49441 0 39553 2 9887 2 18677 2 16537 2 2140 0 2286 3 35 2 18104 0 449 2 39553 2 4028 3 2633 0 3225 2 9887 2 354395 0 71704 7 850019 0 34411 26 894430 11

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Rembang 70790 33535 37255 46223 24567 12646 1529 6542 69653 33013 36640 46223 23430 12608 1489 6542 1137 1137 522 615 ​— 38 40 ​—

2 Lasem 50972 24269 26703 32769 18203 10254 1677 4260 48993 23317 25676 32769 16224 10122 1602 4258 1979 1979 952 1027 ​— 132 75 2

3 Tuban 36768 17400 19368 24238 12530 9203 1211 3819 35993 17043 18050 24238 11755 9022 1127 3819 775 775 357 418 ​— 181 84 ​—

Total 158530 75204 83326 103230 55300 32103 4417 14621 154639 73373 81266 103230 51409 31752 4218 14619 3891 3891 1831 2060 ​— 351 199 2

REMARKS: Average value of the produce of a Jung of cultivated land, 43 Rup.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

GRESIK, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Fish­pond and Ni­pan Land. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Num­ber of Heads of Corn. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

District of Gresik.

1 Gresik 125 4684 2 4684 2 — 1453 2 1093 2 360 0 99 2 — 2644 2 — 87 0 4284 2 109 0 250 2 40 2 400 0 33336 19 7509362 44453 19 8809 27 53263 16

2 Bengawan Jeru 147 2602 3 2602 3 — 1958 3 1624 1 334 3 101 0 — 247 2 — 30 3 2338 1 57 3 183 2 23 2 264 2 71092 3 7113932 94774 2 8783 12 103557 14

3 Gunung Kendang 222 5311 2 5280 1 31 1 3459 2 3380 1 79 2 153 3 — 89 2 — 39 1 3742 1 626 0 912 0 — 1538 0 82563 10 1933800 109334 2 1674 22 111008 25

District of Sidaya.

1 Tambang'an 136 4263 0 4263 0 — 1794 1 1363 1 431 0 156 3 — 86 1 117 2 42 3 2197 2 381 1 1258 3 425 2 2065 2 47430 8 12515750 63242 0 12515 23 75757 22

2 Kudokan 144 6631 3 6631 3 — 2140 0 1823 3 283 2 164 3 32 2 — 888 4 12 3 3206 2 1270 3 1296 3 857 2 3425 1 71941 10 8971312 95927 23 8971 7 104898 30

3 Prijuk 133 5433 0 5433 0 — 1855 1 1643 2 200 1 160 2 11 1 24 2 1315 1 19 1 3374 3 325 2 999 2 733 1 2058 1 63009 3 6344890 84013 21 6344 21 90358 12

District of Lamongan.

1 Tengáhan 164 2931 2 2931 2 — 1721 2 1711 3 9 0 119 3 0 3 — 24 3 3 0 1868 3 374 3 504 1 183 3 1062 3 49943 3 246480 66595 7 205 12 66800 19

2 Gunung Kendang 195 3690 2 3690 2 — 1156 3 1138 0 7 3 88 0 11 0 — 851 1 — 2096 0 344 3 642 1 607 1 1594 2 28120 1 526480 37498 26 525 5 38024 2

3 Bengawan Jeru 130 2790 3 2790 3 — 1479 1 1399 0 80 1 58 3 — — — 1 2 1539 1 453 2 781 2 16 2 1251 1 59758 7 2161290 79682 0 2160 22 81842 21

Total 1396 38339 1 38308 0 31 1 17018 3 15177 1 1786 0 1102 3 55 2 3092 1 3197 2 236 1 24647 3 3943 1 6829 0 2887 3 13660 1 506785 4 47323296 675521 11 49995 0 725512 11

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

District of Gresik.

1 Gresik 17555 9047 8508 3216 496 2001 103 1135 17549 9044 8505 3216 495 2001 103 1135 6 3 3 ​— 1 ​— ​— ​—

2 Bengawan Jeru 17941 9430 8511 3159 268 2916 35 1406 17907 9410 8497 3158 264 2916 35 1406 34 20 14 ​— 4 ​— ​— ​—

3 Gunung Kendang 11283 5882 8401 3778 ​— 4417 121 2265 11283 5882 5401 3778 ​— 4417 121 2265 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

District of Sidaya.

1 Tambang'an 14021 7217 6804 2843 208 3810 79 1585 13952 7188 6764 2841 109 3810 79 1585 69 29 40 ​— 19 ​— ​— ​—

2 Kudokan 16227 7863 6364 2341 1115 4116 194 1887 16133 7818 8315 2341 1095 4112 193 1887 94 45 49 ​— 20 4 1 ​—

3 Prijuk 12646 6335 6311 2340 434 2656 136 1421 12533 6282 6251 2340 403 2852 130 1421 113 53 60 ​— 31 4 6 ​—

District of Lamongan.

1 Tengáhan 10430 5323 5107 2020 14 2455 308 3567 10382 5299 5083 2020 ​— 2454 306 3567 48 24 24 ​— 14 1 2 ​—

2 Gunung Kendang 8434 4344 4090 1595 ​— 2068 72 2904 8434 4344 4090 1595 ​— 2068 72 2904 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

3 Bengawan Jeru 6905 3540 3365 1300 ​— 1357 50 2537 6905 3540 3365 1300 ​— 1375 58 2537 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

Total 115442 58981 56465 22592 2535 26014 1106 18707 115078 58807 56271 22591 2446 26005 1097 18707 364 174 190 1 89 9 9 ​—

REMARKS: Average Value of a Jung of cultivated Land ... 42 Java Rupees.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION AND POPULATION OF SURABÁYA, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Heads. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Jaba Kota 202 2585 2 2585 2 — 2269 2 2159 1 105 3 278 2 4 2 — 0 1 2548 2 7 4 13 0 15 4 36 4 126281 0 280550 224148 23 6400 0 230548 23

2 Semimi 36 582 1 582 1 — 458 4 453 1 5 3 33 0 0 0 — 14 2 506 2 — — 75 2 75 2 22618 0 5960 40146 28 340 0 40486 28

3 Jangála 492 6145 4 6145 4 — 4999 2 4756 1 210 3 756 3 32 1 — — 5756 2 286 0 — 103 3 389 3 326820 0 1530650 664467 10 10660 0 675107 10

4 Rawah Pulu 319 4303 3 4303 3 — 3253 0 3159 2 77 2 864 2 16 0 — 20 1 4138 1 90 1 16 0 58 3 165 2 207974 0 559539 422880 14 3450 0 426330 14

5 Gunung Kendang 341 5205 2 5205 2 — 2072 0 1893 2 157 2 305 2 21 0 1550 3 — 3928 4 196 1 — 1080 1 1276 1 40681 15 400038 75358 4 4400 28 79759 2

6 Kabu 239 3386 3 3386 3 — 1158 1 1064 1 88 4 138 1 5 1 1397 2 — 2693 3 111 3 — 581 1 692 3 30028 9 265700 54672 24 3000 24 57673 17

7 Linkir 207 2399 2 2399 2 — 783 4 672 1 77 3 85 1 34 0 1242 3 — 2112 1 157 2 — 297 3 287 1 16207 9 160600 29550 58 2000 12 31551 1

8 Japan 454 4995 1 4995 1 — 2354 0 2053 0 300 3 445 1 0 1 643 3 — 3442 1 231 2 — 1552 4 1552 4 99625 2 1607813 133261 6 30900 26 164162 2

9 Wira Sába 480 5350 2 5350 2 — 1500 1 1168 2 331 3 253 2 — 1050 1 — 2803 4 121 1 — 2546 1 2546 1 45441 3 2005735 60754 14 40400 14 101154 28

Total 2770 34955 0 34955 0 ​— 18849 2 17379 3 1356 2 3160 2 113 1 5885 0 35 0 27931 0 1202 2 29 0 5791 3 7023 2 915675 19 6816585 1705240 12 101533 15 1806774 6

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Jaha Kota 21985 10604 11381 5308 281 2916 169 1652 21941 10590 11351 5308 272 2916 169 1652 44 ​— 9 14 30 ​— ​— ​—

2 Sernimi 2653 1285 1368 715 11 522 44 307 2653 1285 1368 715 11 522 44 307 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

3 Jangála 33423 17057 16366 8495 157 9569 681 4967 33255 16973 16282 8495 111 9568 680 4967 168 ​— 46 84 84 ​— 1 ​—

4 Rawah Pulu 26818 12448 14370 6276 140 6202 838 3272 26785 12432 14353 6276 130 6202 832 3272 33 ​— 10 16 17 ​— 6 ​—

5 Gunung Kendang 10523 5617 4906 2817 ​— 4441 326 2316 16523 5617 4906 2817 ​— 4441 326 2316 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

6 Kabu 5417 2986 2431 1491 ​— 1777 194 950 5417 2986 2431 1491 ​— 1777 194 950 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

7 Linkir 4507 2448 2059 1215 ​— 1578 140 855 4507 2448 6059 1215 ​— 1578 140 855 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

8 Japan 14754 7889 6865 4097 24 4097 771 2155 14622 7814 6815 4007 ​— 4097 765 2155 132 ​— 24 75 57 ​— 6 ​—

9 Wira Sába 7858 4483 3375 2293 21 2458 450 1224 7748 4450 3298 2293 ​— 2325 435 1120 110 1 21 33 77 133 15 4

Total 127938 64817 63121 32618 634 33560 3613 17698 126851 64595 62856 32617 524 33426 3585 17594 487 1 110 222 265 133 28 4

REMARKS: Average Value of the produce of a Jung of cultivated Land, 44 Rupees.

STATEMENT

OF THE

POPULATION

OF THE

TOWN OF SURABAYA.

Number of Kampongs belonging to the Town of Surabaya. Number of Horses. Men above Fifty Years of Age. Women above Fifty Years of Age. Men from Twenty to Fifty Years of Age. Women from Twenty to Fifty Years of Age. Men from Ten to Twenty Years of Age. Women from Ten to Twenty Years of Age. Male Children under the Age of Ten Years. Female Children under the Age of Ten Years. To­tal Population.

132 6679 1745 2680 5908 6841 771 540 3019 3070 24574

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

PASURUAN, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Heads. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Pasuruan — 11204 3 — — 6455 3 4375 2 2080 1 1148 1 121 2 1738 3 47 ​— — 732 2 436 1 902 3 — 170467 14 14,312,312 340931 27 13926 18 372858 15

2 Bang'il — 3829 ​— — — 3138 1 2888 2 249 2 654 2 17 2 203 2 24 3 — 19 1 89 1 27 2 — 113179 ½ 2,960,312 264084 16 2466 27 266551 13

3 Malang — 2923 2 — — 1065 1 206 2 188 2 167 1 96 3 275 2 19 1 — 599 1 — 701 ​— — 47534 28 2,348,500 63382 12 1957 2 65339 14

Total — 17957 1 — — 10659 1 7470 2 2518 1 1970 ​— 236 ​— 2217 3 91 ​— — 1351 0 525 2 1631 1 — 331181 17½ 19,621,124 668,398 25 18350 17 704749 12

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Pasuruan 62421 30834 31587 13380 2158 14289 2755 6428 61722 30491 31231 13380 2158 14205 2746 6428 699 5 157 343 356 84 9 ​—

2 Bang'il 34523 17401 17122 6026 824 7661 2629 3433 34152 17232 16920 6026 824 7661 2519 3433 371 9 78 169 202 ​— 10 ​—

3 Malang 11868 5942 5926 3239 ​— 3919 2272 1972 11868 5942 5962 3239 ​— 3919 2272 1972 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

Total 108812 54177 54635 22635 2982 25869 7656 11833 107752 53665 54077 22645 2982 25785 7667 11893 1060 14 235 512 558 84 19 ​—

REMARKS: Average Value of the produce of a Jung of cultivated land, 66 Rupees.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

BESUKI, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ears. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 Probolingo 64 12227 0 592 0 11635 0 432 1 156 3 275 1 70 0 — — 90 0 592 0 1517 3 376 3 6354 3 11635 0 7014 0 8674000 14028 0 8674 0 22702 0

2 Tongas 34 3543 1 300 0 3243 1 236 1 93 3 142 2 29 2 20 3 — 13 2 300 0 1010 3 924 3 1307 2 3243 1 4216 10 4672500 8433 0 4672 15 13105 15

3 Katapang 39 21185 0 1619 2 19565 2 1564 3 223 1 1341 1 33 2 — — 21 0 1619 2 4709 2 6262 1 8593 3 19565 2 9905 5 40860000 19810 15 40860 0 60670 15

4 Dringo 51 9868 2 793 0 9075 2 703 0 447 0 256 0 51 3 11 3 — 28 2 793 0 2452 3 2814 3 3808 0 9075 2 19694 3 7583500 39388 15 7583 15 46972 0

5 Ginding 45 11871 2 2226 0 9645 2 1055 1 472 3 582 3 41 0 — 1108 3 20 3 2226 0 — 3913 3 5731 2 9645 2 22799 7 17219500 45598 21 17219 15 62818 6

6 Pajarakan 30 5689 3 1087 1 4602 2 487 1 313 0 174 1 24 0 — 564 0 12 0 1087 1 — 1964 3 2637 3 4602 2 13553 10 4905500 27107 0 4905 15 32012 15

7 Jogopaten 29 4884 0 946 0 3938 0 417 0 297 3 119 0 26 0 — 492 3 10 2 946 0 — 1672 1 2265 3 3938 0 16341 10 3435500 32683 0 3435 15 36118 15

8 Kuraxum 14 4767 2 913 1 3854 1 407 3 247 1 160 2 14 0 1 3 483 3 7 0 913 1 — 1605 3 2248 2 3854 1 10803 9 4818250 21605 22 4818 7 26425 0

9 Jabong 12 5398 2 1031 0 4367 1 459 0 304 3 154 1 18 0 1 3 536 1 14 0 1031 0 — 1841 3 2525 2 4367 1 13303 12 4684750 26607 0 4684 22 31291 28

10 Panton 33 11855 1 2228 2 9627 0 1017 1 594 2 423 0 27 0 1 1 1164 0 18 0 2228 2 — 4066 1 5560 3 9627 0 28329 14 12537000 56659 6 12537 0 69196 7

11 Besuki 60 4821 2 732 1 4089 1 486 1 309 1 176 3 115 0 — 101 0 30 0 732 1 135 0 1909 2 2044 3 4089 1 13129 10 4932064 26259 0 4932 1 31191 1

12 Binor 12 5039 3 414 2 4625 0 147 3 33 3 114 0 8 1 — 252 0 6 2 414 2 80 0 2232 2 2312 2 4625 0 1358 11 3074360 2717 3 3074 12 5791 15

13 Banyukurta 33 13580 1 1900 1 11680 0 340 1 91 1 249 0 18 1 — 1525 2 16 0 1900 1 520 0 5320 0 5840 0 11680 0 2874 0 6843625 5748 0 6543 16 12591 16

14 Kutu 19 1488 3 400 3 1088 0 375 1 306 2 68 3 19 0 — 1 2 5 1 400 3 — 544 0 544 0 1088 0 12918 0 1827030 25836 0 1827 1 27663 1

15 Blanuingan 19 3884 0 429 2 3454 2 405 2 119 1 286 2 15 1 — 3 0 5 3 429 2 — 1727 1 1727 1 3454 2 4420 0 7857830 8840 0 7857 27 16697 27

16 Bungatan 20 5706 2 493 3 5213 0 299 0 45 0 254 0 14 0 — 175 0 5 3 493 3 23 3 2574 0 2615 1 5213 0 1902 5 5018360 3804 15 5018 12 8822 27

17 Panarukan 11 4142 2 532 2 3610 0 499 0 477 0 21 3 24 0 — 6 0 4 0 532 2 — 1800 0 1810 0 3610 0 22563 7 585750 45126 22 585 23 45712 15

18 Patokan 10 4283 0 536 2 3746 2 504 2 204 2 300 0 24 0 — — 8 0 536 2 — 1873 1 1873 1 3746 2 9380 5 8554825 18760 15 8554 19 27315 19

19 Patokingan 12 9243 3 1163 3 8080 0 1142 1 1047 0 95 1 16 0 — — 5 2 1163 3 — 4040 0 4040 0 8080 0 48200 7 2503125 96400 22 2503 4 98903 27

20 Kapongan 11 1066 2 540 0 526 2 522 1 416 1 106 0 14 0 — — 4 0 540 0 — 263 1 263 1 526 2 17518 2 2815500 35036 7 2815 15 37851 22

21 Klatakan 12 6890 2 248 2 6642 0 228 3 37 3 191 1 14 3 — — 5 0 248 2 70 0 3262 0 3310 0 6642 0 1497 4 5000750 2994 11 5090 22 7995 4

22 Kalitukus 10 876 1 214 2 661 3 194 2 40 0 154 2 14 0 — — 6 0 214 2 130 0 265 1 266 2 661 3 1614 0 4134750 3228 0 4134 23 7362 23

23 Pugur 52 287498 1 520 3 286977 2 92 3 59 0 33 3 78 2 14 0 280 3 54 2 520 3 95659 0 47832 0 143486 2 286977 2 3036 0 1212500 6072 0 1212 15 7284 15

24 Bandawasa 136 243298 1 1349 3 241948 2 999 3 469 1 530 2 202 2 12 0 — 136 0 1349 3 50629 2 47832 2 143486 2 241948 2 24138 0 18957812 48276 0 18957 24 67233 24

25 Lamajang 59 92374 0 2185 0 90189 0 414 2 256 1 158 2 50 0 63 0 1607 0 50 1 2185 0 17737 1 27357 0 45095 0 90189 0 13176 0 5656500 26352 0 5656 15 32608 15

Total 827 775484 0 23398 3 752085 1 13432 0 7062 3 6369 1 961 3 126 1 8301 1 577 3 23398 3 174675 1 177661 2 399748 2 752085 1 323686 11 188365281 647373 2 188365 3 835738 6

No. Names of Di​­vi​­sions. To​­tal Pop​­u​­la​­tion. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. JAV​­ANS. CHI​­NESE AND OTH​­ER FOR​­EIGN​­ERS.

To​­tal Jav​­ans. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs. To​­tal Chi​­nese. Mal​­es. Fe​­mal​­es. Class of Cul­ti­va­tors. Em­ploy­ed in Oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Buf​­fa​­loes. Hor​­ses. Plo​­ughs.

1 Probolingo 6070 3068 3002 2235 759 1626 254 725 5978 3016 2962 2235 713 1626 254 725 92 ​— 46 52 40 ​— ​— ​—

2 Tongas 2362 1140 1222 1089 111 822 30 411 2362 1140 1222 1089 811 822 30 411 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

3 Katapang 5199 2615 2584 2118 187 2818 92 1409 5161 2597 2564 2118 169 2818 92 1409 38 ​— 18 18 20 ​— ​— ​—

4 Dringo 4651 2414 2237 2090 147 2301 89 1149 4640 2408 2232 2090 142 2301 80 1149 11 ​— 5 6 5 ​— ​— ​—

5 Ginding 5314 2505 2809 2271 258 2304 106 1152 5241 2471 2770 2253 236 2290 101 1145 73 18 22 34 39 14 5 7

6 Pajarakan 3329 1668 1661 1245 278 1320 69 660 3264 1640 1624 1245 241 1320 60 660 65 ​— 37 28 37 ​— ​— ​—

7 Jogopaten 3954 2033 1921 1645 273 1616 68 808 3898 2008 1890 1645 247 1616 68 808 56 ​— 26 25 51 ​— ​— ​—

8 Kuraxun 2960 1418 1542 1433 347 966 69 487 2808 1341 1467 1393 269 937 62 474 152 40 48 77 75 29 7 13

9 Jabong 3509 1715 1794 1188 600 1061 86 621 3323 1624 1699 1185 524 1059 80 620 186 3 85 91 95 2 6 1

10 Panton 6650 3290 3360 3221 495 2909 100 1361 6525 3232 3293 3206 345 2896 99 1355 125 15 60 58 67 13 1 6

11 Besuki 13330 6119 7211 3626 2436 1990 632 937 13093 6003 7090 3571 2374 1976 602 930 237 55 62 116 121 14 30 7

12 Binor 1172 585 587 231 69 517 48 318 1138 568 570 228 60 515 45 317 34 3 9 17 17 2 3 1

13 Banyukurta 4467 2199 2268 1519 708 730 534 685 4441 2186 2255 1500 702 724 532 682 26 10 6 18 13 6 2 3

14 Kutu 4042 1982 2060 1483 426 592 308 273 3938 1928 2010 1478 384 592 303 273 104 5 42 54 50 ​— 5 ​—

15 Blanulngan 3666 1828 1838 1153 434 1018 342 709 3594 1793 1801 1144 427 1004 340 702 72 9 7 35 37 14 2 7

16 Bungatan 2366 1199 1167 689 338 318 264 318 2334 1183 1151 637 327 316 260 317 32 2 11 16 16 2 4 1

17 Panarukan 4331 2072 2259 1643 586 1483 581 751 4232 2021 2211 1627 546 1473 578 746 99 16 40 51 48 10 3 5

18 Patokan 1998 1000 998 922 74 863 96 475 1998 1000 998 922 74 863 96 475 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

19 Patokingan 4744 1952 2792 2259 584 1581 175 774 4716 1937 2779 2259 580 1581 175 774 28 ​— 4 15 13 ​— ​— ​—

20 Kapongan 2452 1204 1248 1136 28 1614 74 555 2452 1204 1248 1136 98 1614 74 555 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

21 Klatakan 1654 832 822 510 98 938 92 469 1654 832 822 510 98 938 92 469 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

22 Kalitukus 1145 543 602 558 7 572 53 296 1145 543 602 558 7 572 53 286 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

23 Pugur 1854 884 970 348 45 468 404 238 1854 884 970 348 45 468 101 238 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

24 Bandawasa 9037 4126 4911 2104 117 4250 479 2651 9037 4126 4911 2164 117 4250 479 2851 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

25 Lamajang 4103 2112 1991 1863 ​— 1089 239 487 4103 2112 1991 1683 ​— 1089 239 487 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—

Total 104359 50503 53856 38520 9364 35766 4963 18609 102929 49797 53132 38344 8736 35660 4895 18658 1430 176 528 706 724 106 68 51

REMARKS: Average Value of a Jung of cultivated land, 60 rupees.

GENERAL REMARKS.

In the district of Probolingo the population is but scanty, when compared to the extent of land; the country is, in general, well watered, and there is abundance of land fit for cultivation, could people be procured from a neighbouring country to work it; in the divisions adjoining Besuki district there are very extensive teak forests, which run inland.

Besuki.​—This district is indifferently watered, and has very little land fit for culture, that is not now under cultivation; the population is more numerous for its size than any of the adjoining districts. It was supposed, that by the introduction of the tenement tax paid by householders, that the population would be induced to emigrate to the neighbouring district of Bandawasa, which has not answered the purpose so well as was at first expected.

Penarukan.​—This is an extensive district, with fine flat table land throughout, but it is badly watered; and towards that adjoining the Banyuwangi district, there is scarce a small rivulet to the same; the population of this district is extremely scanty.

Bandawasa, including Pugar, a very extensive district but scantily inhabited; the soil is extremely wet and productive, and with a greater population would be one of the finest districts in the residency.

Lamajang, an extensive district on the South Coast; the land is very well watered, level, and extremely well adapted to the purpose of cultivation, but the population is very scanty at present; but could it be increased, Lamajang would be a very productive district.

GENERAL ACCOUNT

OF THE

CULTIVATION

AND

POPULATION

OF

BANYUWANGI, 1815.

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. Num​­ber of Vil​­lages. To​­tal Land. Land in Vil​­lages. Land not in​­clud​­ed in Vil​­lages. Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed Land. Sa​­wah. Te​­gal. Free Land. Cof​­fee Gro​­unds. Teak For​­ests. Gov​­ern​­ment Land. Land in use in Vil​­lages. Ca​­pa​­ble of be​­ing Cul​­ti​­vat​­ed. Un​­fit Land. Jun​­gle Land. Land not in use in Vil​­lages. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Pro​­duce. Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue of Pro​­duce. To​­tal Es​­ti​­mat​­ed Val​­ue.

Pa​­ri. Mai​­ze. Of Pa​­ri. Of Mai​­ze.

Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Jun​­gs. B. Ama​­ts. G. Ama​­ts. G. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St. J. Ru​­pees. St.

1 North 47 — — 527 3 360 2 109 3 57 2 — — 2 3 — 321 1 — — — — 25032 0 6486 0 29204 0 6290 0 35494 0

2 South 93 — — 452 0 422 3 2 1 27 2 — — — — 278 2 — — — — 27048 0 123 0 31556 0 120 0 31676 0

Total 140 — — 980 1 783 1 112 0 85 0 — — 2 — 559 3 — — — — 52080 0 6609 0 60760 0 6410 0 67170 0

No. Na­mes of Dis​­tricts. To­tal Pop­u­la­tion. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. At­tach­ed to the Cul­ti­va­tion of the Soil. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. To­tal Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. To­tal Num­ber of Hor­ses. To­tal Num­ber of Plo­ughs. JA­VANS. CHI­NESE and oth­er For­eign­ers.

To­tal Ja­vans. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. Num­ber of Hor­ses. Num­ber of Plo­ughs. To­tal Chi­nese. Ma­les. Fe­ma­les. Class of Cul​­ti​­va​­tors. Em­ploy­ed in oth­er Av­o­ca­tions. Num­ber of Buf­fa­loes. Num­ber of Hor­ses. Num­ber of Plo­ughs.

1 North 5820 2949 2871 4541 1279 1594 792 1035 5501 2783 2718 4541 960 1585 770 1035 319 ​— 319 166 153 9 22 ​—

2 South 3053 1514 1539 2564 489 1112 476 682 3053 1514 1539 2564 489 1112 476 682 ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​— ​—