INDEX

Abarzuza, 118 n.; refuses to sign Franco-Spanish accord, 39-40; and Great Britain, 39

Abazzia, 144 n.

Abd-el-Aziz, 3-4, 7, 8, 11, 18, 128-29, 133-34, 184-85, 190-94, 198 and n., 199 and n., 206 and n., 208, 214, 216, 223, 249, 252-53, 274, 315, 348 n., 364, 394-96; sends Maclean to London, 17; requests of French government, 17-18; asks German co-operation in 1904, 154; convokes assembly of notables, 183; opposition to France in 1905, 212; accepts Conference conclusions, 396

Abd-el-Melik, 193-94

Afghanistan, 66, 82, 96, 98, 114, 170

Aflalo, 106 n.

Agadir, 157

Alfonso XIII, King, 140, 151, 229, 316 n., 330, 348 n.

Algeciras, 348

Algeria, 2, 5, 6, 11, 12, 14, 16-18, 133; report of military aid to Moroccan pretender, 241-42 and n.

Almodovar, Duke of, 37, 38 n., 39, 331, 350, 372, 375, 382, 393

Alsace-Lorraine, 14, 282

Alvensleben, Count, 143 n., 174 and n., 175-76

Anglo-Belgian military conversations in 1906, 341 n., 342

Anglo-French agreement in 1899, 20-21

Anglo-French agreement on April 8, 1904, 135, 140-42, 155 n., 156, 196, 199, 340; terms, 102-4; criticism of, 104; British opinion on, 104-6; French opinion on, 106-9

Anglo-French alliance, 230-31 n.

Anglo-French arbitration treaty, 87, 94

Anglo-French military and naval conversations in 1906, 335-37, 339-40

Anglo-French rapprochement, 84-86

Anglo-German agreements, 66, 69, 71, 150

Anglo-German alliance negotiations in 1901, 69-77

Anglo-German arbitration treaty, 150

Anglo-German conversations on Morocco, 63 n.

Anglo-German press war, 63, 77, 176 n.

Anglo-Japanese alliance, 47, 75, 78-79, 82, 83, 99, 299-300, 306-7

Anglo-Russian relations, 41, 54 and n.; Chinese difficulties, 52; difficulties in 1903, 82-83; attempts at rapprochement, 94-98; negotiations for agreement, 110; difficulty over Russian seizure of vessels in 1904, 111; proposed Afghan agreement, 114; rapprochement of 1906, 404-5; see Dogger Bank Affair

Aoki, Viscount, 177, 179-80

d’Arenberg, Prince, 5

Army and Navy Gazette, 173

L’Aurore, 265

Austria-Hungary: 143, 358, 361, 373 and n.; compromise proposal in March, 1906, 377-78; seeks to mediate again in March, 1906, 388

Austro-Italian relations in 1904-5, 181-82

Austro-Russian agreements, 23, 52, 168

Ba-Ahmed, grand vizier, 3, 11 n.

Bacheracht, 333

Bagdad Railway, 50 n., 56-57, 62, 80, 82, 218, 238, 271, 274-75

Balance of power, 56, 81 n., 181, 228 n.

Balearic Islands, 93

Balfour, Arthur J., 54 and n., 66, 84 n., 105-6, 115 n., 176 n., 208 n., 232, 309 n.

Baltic Sea, 291, 292 and n., 293 and n.

Baltic Straits, 100

Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas, 129-31

Barclay, Sir Thomas, 44 n., 85

Barnardiston, Colonel, 341 and n.

Barrère, 21-23, 25-26, 29-32, 181, 202, 230, 244 n., 332, 371; arguments to Italy for accord in 1901-2, 25; and renewal of Triple Alliance, 25-26; anti-German activity, 145 n.

Bassermann, 400

Bebel, 141

Becker, Jeronimo, 35

Beit, Werner, 319

Belgium, 373 n.

Benckendorff, Count, 95, 97-98, 110, 139 n., 308, 323-24

Ben Sliman, 15, 129 n., 212, 395

Bernstorff, Count, 142 n.; interview in Daily Chronicle, 166

Bertie, Sir Francis, 145 n., 197 n., 201 n., 210, 291, 329-30, 343-4; on Italian policy, 33 n.; memo on Chinese situation on March 11, 1901, 67-68; aide-mémoire to France, 210-11

Betzold, 219 and n., 220 and n., 221, 225, 237, 249, 254

Bezobrazov, 167

Bihourd, 137 n., 199 n., 217; warning to Delcassé in 1904, 127 n.

Billy, 199 n.

Birileff, Admiral, 285 n.

Bismarck, 33 n.; system of alliances, 19

Bizerta, 19

Björkö meeting, 281-85, 284-85 n.; alarms Europe, 291

Björkö Treaty, 263, 367-68, 391 n.; terms, 284; annulment, 303-4; results, 305-6

Boer War, 6, 42, 44, 61, 81

Bompard, 113, 294-95, 295 n., 300, 302 and n., 360 n., 398 n.

Bou-Amama, 184, 190

Bourgeaud-Hansemann, 264 and n.

Bourgeois, 386, 388 n., 403 n.; renews instructions to Révoil in March, 1906, 385; declaration to Radolin on March 17, 1906, 387; speech in Chamber on April 12, 1906, 397 n.

Bowles, Gibson, 105

Boxer Rebellion, 66

Buchard, 43

Bülow, Herr von, 328

Bülow, Count (Prince after June, 1905), 11 and n., 43 n., 47, 57, 61-65, 69 n., 71-73, 78-79, 127 n., 135-44, 147 n., 160 n., 163 n., 164 and n., 165-67, 170, 172-74, 176 n., 181-82, 188-90, 195, 203 and n., 204 and n., 208 n., 220 n., 234, 251-52, 261-64, 269-72, 274-78, 288, 314 n., 317 n., 333, 348, 354 n., 355 and n., 368 n., 376 n., 377; and Franco-Italian relations, 27-28; renewal of Triple Alliance in 1902, 27-29; relieves Italy of military obligations, 29; and French overture, 46; policy of free hand, 55-56; rejects Chamberlain’s overture in 1898, 56; character of, 57-60; on Morocco, 63-65; on Anglo-French agreement, 61; on Anglo-German alliance in 1901, 71-72; on German position in 1902, 79; and Spain, 119-20, 152-55; and Morocco in 1904, 140, 148-58; and Italy, 143-44, 146; desires Anglo-German accord in 1904, 148; and Moroccan settlement in 1904, 151-57; on German mistakes, 159; and Roosevelt in 1904, 160; and Russia in 1904, 161-63, 175-77; interview in Nineteenth Century (1904), 173; approaches Japan and United States, 178; proposal to Russia about Austria in 1905, 179; and Morocco in 1905, 181-95; on Italy in 1905, 182; and Sultan in 1905, 184-85; and Roosevelt in 1905, 184-85, 237, 240; Tangier visit, 187, 202-8; instructions to William II on March 26, 1905, 190-91; policy after Tangier visit, 202 and n., 203 and n., 216-17; on Delcassé in 1905, 213 n., 215; rejects French overtures in 1905, 215, 219-20; and Russo-Japanese peace negotiations, 221; warns Rouvier, 223-25, 246 and n., 271; on Delcassé’s fall, 234; note to Powers in June, 1905, 234-35; on conference, 240; and Great Britain in 1905, 240-41; concessions to France in June, 1905, 241-42; and Spain in 1905, 247 n.; and France in June, 1905, 248-49; instructions to Tattenbach on July 11, 1905, 261; ambitions toward Morocco in July, 1905, 262; Moroccan policy on July 31, 1905, 263-64; and Moroccan concessions in 1905, 267; on Franco-German relations in Sept., 1905, 269-70; desires Franco-German colonial accord in Oct., 1905, 274-75; interview in Le Temps on Oct. 3, 1905, 275-76; and German press in Oct., 1905, 277; Björkö affair, 279-81, 286-91, 299, 303, 305; offers resignation, 289 and n.; on the Conference, 311; optimistic about Conference, 315-16; diplomatic preparations for Conference, 315-19; offer to Italy in Jan., 1906, 316; and Great Britain in Jan., 1906, 318, 328; on American proposal in Feb., 1906, 363-64; accepts Austrian proposal in March, 1906, 377-78; diplomatic campaign against France in March, 1906, 383-84; and Roosevelt in March, 1906, 384 n., 388-89; and Russia in March, 1906, 391 n.; on the international situation in 1906, 398-99; speeches in Reichstag: Dec. 6, 1897, 56 n.; Dec. 11, 1899, 62-63; Jan. 8, 1902, 27-28, 77; April 12 and 14, 1904, 141-42; Dec. 5, 1904, 173; March 15, 1905, 186 and n.; March 29, 1905, 192; Dec. 6, 1905, 313; April 5, 1906, 397 n.; Nov. 14, 1906, 400-401

Bu-Hamara, 18

Bulletin, 7

Caillaux, Joseph, 312 n.

Caix, M. de, 45, 107

Cambon, Jules, 244 n.; 267, 270 n.; 317, 333

Cambon, Paul, 46-48, 50, 86 n., 87-94, 96, 98, 117 n., 202, 226-27, 231 n., 244 and n., 254, 257, 262, 333; conversations of, with Grey on Jan. 10 and 31, 1906, 337-39, 338 n., 344-46, 346 n.

Camerun railways, 271, 274

Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry, 322, 338-39 n., 339-40 and n., 343, 385, 387

Canevaro, Admiral, 20-21

Cartwright, 188 n.

Cassini, Count, 321 n., 358

Chamberlain, Joseph, 43, 46, 63-66, 63 n., 71, 77, 87 n., 95 n.; speech of, at Leicester, 12, 62; foreign policy of, 53-54; proposals of, to Germany, 54, 55 n., 61-62

“Chamberlain period,” 53

Chérisey, Count de, 194 n., 312

China, 52-53, 66-68, 82, 95-98, 160, 179

Chirol, Valentine, 73 n.

Choate, Joseph, 315 n.

Clarke, Sir George, 336

Clemenceau, 165, 265, 385-86

Combes, 8, 107

Comité de l’Afrique française, 5-7, 132

Comité du Maroc, 132

Committee of Imperial Defence, 81, 84, 336, 343

Conference of Algeciras, chap. xvii; organization of, 350; importance of police and bank questions at, 351; crisis of, 366; sessions of, on March 3 and 5, 1906, 375; the Act of, 393; criticism of work of, 394-96; results of, 397-98

Conference of Madrid, 1

Continental war, 53 n.

Convention of Madrid, 208, 218, 235, 353; Art. XVII of, 234-35; interpretations of, 234-35 n.

Courcel, Baron de, 376-77 and n.

Cromer, Lord, 90, 92, 100 n.

Crowe, Eyre, 325, 346 n., 371 n., 382

Crozier, Philippe, 84 n., 186 n.

Currie, 21

Danzig interview, 45 n., 78

Dardanelles, 81, 82 n., 111, 161, 324

Delafosse, 107, 201

Delcassé, Théophile, 7, 10 n., 11, 12 n., 13 n., 17, 19, 22 n., 23, 34, 37, 45 n., 47 n., 50 and n., 51, 61, 86 n., 87-88, 97, 100 and n., 104 n., 129, 133, 139, 144 n., 166, 171, 178 and n., 188, 190, 195, 197 n., 198 n., 200-201, 209, 220-21 n., 230-31 n., 257, 276 and n.; career and character of, 8-9; interest of, in Morocco, 9-10; French action in Sahara in 1900, 11; sounds Germany in 1901, 13; and Radolin in 1901, 14; and Moroccan embassy in 1901, 14-15; instructions of, to Saint-René Taillandier in 1901, 15-16; visit of, to Rome, 20; and Italy, 21, 26, 30-31; and Spain, 37-38, 40; overture of, to Great Britain, 41-42, 44-45, 47, 50-51; policy of, toward Great Britain and Germany, 43; conversation of, with Huhn, 43-44; overture of, to Germany, 43-46, 47, 49-50; at St. Petersburg in 1899, 44; and Morocco in 1902, 46, 50; and Anglo-Russian conversations in 1903, 95 and n.; on Russia’s far eastern policy in 1903, 99 n.; surprised by outbreak of Russo-Japanese War, 100-101; anger of, at Great Britain in 1904, 101; Newfoundland question in 1904, 108 and n.; urges Anglo-Russian rapprochement in 1904, 114; policy of, in 1904, 117; and Spain in 1904, 117-25 and n.; conversation of, with Radolin on March 23, 1904, 125-26; and Germany in 1904, 126-27, 154, 187 and n.; policy of, in March, 1905, 197-98; overtures of, to Germany in 1905, 199 and n., 212; says Germany is “turning him out,” 210; and Moroccan question in 1905, 211-22; warns Sultan in 1905, 223 and n.; adheres to policy, 225; asks British support in May, 1905, 226; opposes conference, 228-30; defends his policy on June 6, 1905, 230-31; resignation of, 231; speeches: Senate in July, 1901, 14; Chamber on July 3, 1902, 31; Chamber on Nov. 23, 1903, 94; Chamber and Senate in Nov.-Dec., 1904, 10 n., 108; Senate on March 31, 1905, 197

Deloncle, 107

Dennis, Alfred L. P., 245 n.

Deschanel, Paul, 5, 200

Devonshire, Duke of, 54, 63 n.

Dilke, Sir Charles, 100 n.

Dogger Bank affair, 108, 112-13, 162, 168

Donnersmarck, Prince Henckel von, 225 n.

Doumer, 178

Dual Alliance, 9-10, 19, 28, 43 n., 47, 83 n., 85, 106, 135-36, 141, 163, 166, 172, 180, 229 and n., 284 n., 286, 297 and n., 298, 300-301, 303, 391 n., 397, 399-400

Ducarne, General, 341 and n.

Dupuy, 225, 249, 254, 262

Durand, Sir Mortimer, 226 n., 243

Eckardstein, Baron, 63 n., 66, 69, 70 and n., 71-72, 136, 160 n., 207 n., 218-19 and nn., 220, 225 n., 245 n.; on British offer of alliance to France, 251

Edward VII, King, 17, 45, 47 n., 54, 66, 75 and n., 77, 82 n., 84 and n., 86 and n., 87 and n., 97, 100 n., 111 and n., 135, 150-51, 176 n., 183, 196 n., 208-9, 214, 218, 231 n., 236 n., 257 n., 279, 282, 293, 299, 308-9 n., 309, 318, 324, 330 n., 376 n., 400 n.; conversation of, with Iswolsky in April, 1904, 110

Egerton, Sir Edwin, 244 n., 331, 371

Egypt, 88-94, 102-4, 106, 148-49

Entente Cordiale, 84 n., 102, 117 n., 143, 146, 150, 162, 166, 226, 229, 233, 256-57, 279, 298, 325, 346, 355 n., 368-69, 382, 397, 399, 401-4; negotiation of, 86-94, 99-102

Esher, Lord, 84-85, 336

L’Etat russe, 368 and n.

Etienne, 5, 6, 88 n., 336, 386

Eulenburg, Prince, 176 n., 189

Fashoda crisis, 7, 41-42, 52

Fernando Po, 137, 152 and n.

Fez, 18; threatened by rebels, 4

Figaro, 13 n., 276 n.

Figuig, 16

Fisher, Admiral, 100, 115-16, 228 n., 339

Flotow, 232, 238, 311; reports British offer of alliance to France on June 7, 1905, 236-37

France, 36-38, 40-51, 67-68, 73-74, 95-97, 99, 104, 276, 384, 390 n.; trade of, with Morocco, 2; and Morocco, 2-18; North African empire, 5; Parliament, 5, 6, 107-8, 128, 199-200, 229-30; Moroccan policy of, 5-6; claims of, to Morocco, 6-7; occupies oases, 11; note of, to Sultan, 12; and Italy, 20-34; fleet of, visits Italy, 23; effort of, to break Triple Alliance, 25; press of, 29, 85-86, 172, 198 and n., 247, 265, 271, 354, 359-60, 375 n., 380; and Great Britain, 84-94; and Germany, 93-94; international situation in Feb., 1904, 117; and Spain, 118-25; and Morocco in 1904, 128-34; Mission of, to Fez, 183; Tangier visit, 196-202; and Germany in 1905, 196, 211-33, 237-38, 240-57, 261-78; and Spain in 1905, 198 n., 259-61; cabinet of, 199; public opinion of, 199-200, 202, 276, 232; deserts Delcassé, 200, 247-48 n.; fleet visits England in 1905, 209, 258; fear of war in 1905, 217; cabinet meeting on June 6, 1905, 230-31 and n.; note on June 21, 1905, 244-45; and Great Britain in 1905, 256-58; and Björkö, 294-95; efforts to bring Russia and Great Britain together in 1905, 308-9; Livre jaune (1905), 313; preliminaries to Conference, 319-22, 329-40, 343-47; military defense in 1905, 320 and n.; and Spain, 330-31, 372, 392-93; pressure on Italy in Dec., 1905, 331-32; sounds Great Britain about agreement in Jan., 1906, 335; plan for Moroccan police and bank, 351-52, 365-66; seeks Austrian support in Feb., 1906, 373-74; and Great Britain in March, 1906, 385; cabinet and Parliament in March, 1906, 388; opposes Roosevelt’s proposal in March, 1906, 389; satisfied with results of Conference, 401-2; mistrusts Germany in 1906, 402-3

Francis Joseph I, Emperor, 179, 374

Franco-German agreement on July 8, 1905, 255

Franco-German agreement on Sept. 28, 1905, 272-73

Franco-German détente, 42-43

Franco-German press war in 1905, 189, 196

Franco-Italian agreements, 20, 22, 27, 31-32, 182

Franco-Italian entente, 29, 37, 143

Franco-Moroccan agreements, 11, 15-17

Franco-Spanish agreements, 37, 118-25, 188 n., 196, 259-61, 372, 392

Franco-Spanish negotiations in 1902-3, 37-40, 89

Franco-Spanish proposed accord in 1902, 38; its failure, 38-40

Franco-Spanish rapprochement, 40

Galliéni, Joseph, 5

Gambetta, 8

Gaulois, 225 n., 257

Gautsch, 18

Genthe, Dr., 147 n.

German-American rapprochement, 160

German-Italian military convention, 29, 144

German Navy League, 239

Germany, 3, 5, 7, 10-11 and n., 17, 25-28, 36, 47 and n., 51, 81-82, 88 n., 93, 116-17, 119, 122, 125, 171, 254-56, 258, 261, 355 n., 359, 367, 375 n., 381 n., 390-91, 400 n.; trade with Morocco, 2; reply to France in 1901, 13-14; and Delcassé in 1902, 49-50 n.; and Great Britain, 53-80; proposal to Chamberlain in 1900, 64-65; warning to Delcassé in 1900, 65; efforts to maintain status quo in Morocco in 1900, 65; and Japan in 1901, 69; criticism of foreign policy, 79-80; public opinion of, 135, 400; policy of, in 1903-4, 138-39; and Morocco in 1904, 140-42, 154, 157-58, 183 and n.; and Italy in 1904, 143-47; anger at France, 147; contemplates intervening in Morocco in 1904, 147, 148 n.; and Great Britain in 1904, 148-51, 155-57, 173, 176 and n.; secret articles in Anglo-French agreement, 155 and n.; and United States in 1904, 160; and Russia in 1904, 160-80; and Russian alliance in 1904, 166-67; fears British attack, 172-73; fears Quadruple Alliance, 178; international situation in 1905, 181; and Morocco in 1905, 183-95; secret articles of Franco-Spanish agreements, 187 n., 188 n., 313-14; Tangier visit, 202-8; and Roosevelt in 1905, 205-6; Tattenbach to Fez, 206; and Turkish Sultan, 206 n.; sounds Powers about conference, 206-7; reply of, to Delcassé’s overtures, 207-8; rejects French offers in 1905, 218; and France in 1905, 211-25, 237-56, 261-78; suggests to Rouvier to call conference, 220; determines to overthrow Delcassé, 221; presses the Powers for support, 221; seeks Roosevelt’s support in May, 1905, 222; and Italy in May, 1905, 224; press of, on Delcassé’s downfall, 233; forces Villa-Urrutia from office, 236; reply to France on June 24, 1905, 248-49; criticism of her policy in 1905, 256; presses Rouvier in July, 1905, 262; asks Roosevelt’s aid in July, 1905, 263; Moroccan loan in 1905, 267; and Tattenbach in Aug., 1905, 267; reply to Rouvier in Sept., 1905, 273-74 n.; anger at Great Britain in 1905, 277; international situation in July, 1905, 279; and Russia in 1905, 279-91; and Roosevelt about Björkö, 287 n.; press of, angry at Great Britain in 1905, 292; and annulment of Björkö Treaty, 304 and n.; and Moroccan affair in 1905, 311; preliminaries to Conference of Algeciras, 311-19; French overtures in Nov., 1905, 312; international situation in winter of 1905-6, 312-13; Weissbuch in 1906, 314 n.; on conference in Dec., 1905, 314; instructions to delegates, 314-15; warnings to France in Jan., 1906, 317; improvement in Anglo-German relations in 1906, 317-18; navy bill in 1906, 318 n.; refuses French proposals on police and bank, 352-53; proposals on police, 353-54, 354 n., 357-58; policy of, at Conference in Feb., 1906, 359-60; presses Rouvier in Feb., 1906, 359; declaration of, to Powers in Feb., 1906, 359; proposal of, on banks, 364-65; defeat of, 397; policy of, after Conference, 399-400

Gharnet, S. Feddoul, 129, 133

Giolitti, Giovanni, 144 n., 146 n.

Glasenapp, 365 n.

Goluchowski, Count, 143, 355 n., 358, 373-74, 374 n., 378 and n., 398

Gorst, Sir Eldon, 90

Gourara, 11

Great Britain, 2, 3, 5, 10, 13, 14 n., 17, 28, 39 n., 40, 50-56, 104, 209, 276; trade of, with Morocco, 2; and Italy, 19, 33; and Spain over Morocco, 35 n.; antagonism to, 42; international situation of, at close of nineteenth century, 52, 66; and Germany, 60-80; change of policy of, in 1901, 68; seeks aid of Austria and Italy in 1903, 81; policy of, in 1902, 81; and Russia, 81 n., 82 and n., 110-16, 81-102; and France, 81-102, 225-29, 232-33; public opinion of, hostile to Germany, 82, 151, 162, 172-73, 291-92, 309-10, 310 n.; press, 85, 228 n.; public opinion of, 135; cabinet crisis of, in 1903, 90; and Russia’s policy in Balkans in 1903, 95-96; fear of Continental coalition in 1904, 100; Parliament, 105-6; fear of German navy in 1904, 114-15; redistribution of naval forces of, 115, 172-73; and Franco-Spanish agreement in 1904, 124; asks Powers to approve Khedivial decree, 148; refuses German proposal for agreement in 1904, 148-49; and Germany, 148-51; fears German attack in 1905, 208 and n.; Tangier visit, 208-11; fleet of, visits France in 1905, 209, 258; prevents Germany from obtaining ports, 210; offers aid to France in April, 1905, 210-11; rejects Roosevelt’s advice in May, 1905, 223; naval preparations in 1905, 228; Anglo-French military and naval conversations in 1905, 228 and n.; and Delcassé’s downfall, 232; and Germany in 1905, 236-37, 240-41, 291-94, 309-10; not supporting Roosevelt in 1905, 243; and Russia, 291-92, 309-10; naval maneuvers of, in the Baltic in 1905, 292-93 and nn.; visit of fleet to German ports in Aug.-Sept., 1905, 293; efforts of, to approach Russia in 1905, 306-10; renewal of Anglo-Japanese Alliance in 1905, 306; preliminaries to Conference, 322-47; promises support to France at the Conference, 329-30; pressure of, on Spain in Dec., 1905, 330-31; pressure of, on Italy in Dec., 1905, 331-32; and Belgium in 1906, 340-41 and n.; supports France in Feb., 1906, 368; pressure of, on Spain in Feb., 1906, 372; favors Austrian proposal in March, 1906, 379; and Germany in 1906, 399-400; satisfied with results of Conference, 401-2

Grey, Sir Edward, 105, 321 n., 322-23, 327 n., 329, 331 and n., 332, 336-37, 342-43, 343 n., 360 and n., 371 n., 379, 384, 386 and n., 387, 389, 400 n., 403 n.; and Russia, 323-24; and Germany, 324-27; conversations of, with Cambon on Jan. 10 and 31, 1906, 337-39, 338 n., 344-46, 346 n.; approves military and naval conversations in 1906, 340 and n.; instructions of, to Grierson in Jan., 1906, 341; summary of policy of, 347; conversation with Metternich on Feb. 19, 1906, 368-69; and Austria in Feb., 1906, 373 n.; and Spain in March, 1906, 376 n.; advises France to accept Austrian proposal, 382; and Germany in 1906, 402-4; and Russia in 1906, 404 n.

Grierson, General, 54 n., 335, 339-41

Guillain, Antoine, 5

Haldane, Richard, 339-40, 342-43, 400 n.

Hamburg-American Line, 161, 174

Hammann, Otto, 74 n., 187 n., 199 n., 203 n., 348 n.; dispute with Holstein, 204 and n.

Hanotaux, Gabriel, 5

Hansen, Jules, 45, 46 n.

Harcourt, Sir William, 54 n.

Hardinge, Sir Charles, 82 n., 96, 97, 110 n., 112-13, 306-7, 309 and n., 325, 371 n., 386 n.

Harmsworth, 69 n.

Harris, W. B., 3

Hatzfeldt, Count, 54 and n., 63 n., 72

Hay, John, 131-32 n.

Hayashi, Count, 160 n.

Hedeman, 100 n.

Holland, 373 n.

Holstein, Herr von, 50 and n., 55 and n., 57, 60, 69, 70 n., 71, 135, 139 n., 146 n., 148, 150, 159, 163 and n., 164 and n., 166, 170, 176 n., 178, 184, 202-3, 219-20, 240-41, 264, 304, 328-29, 376; on German position in Dec., 1901, 79; fears British attack in 1904, 173; dispute with Hammann, 204 and n.; letter on June 28, 1905, 246 n.; on alliance with Russia in July, 1905, 280-81 and n.; on Björkö Treaty, 286-87, 290-91; resignation in 1906, 399 n.

Hornung, 186 n.

Huguet, Major, 335-36

Huhn, Arthur von, 43-44

L’Imparcial, 38 n.

India, 170

Irredentism, 23, 143, 181

Iswolsky, Count, 110, 171 n., 404

Italy, 3, 10-11 and n., 19-34, 42, 50, 101; defeat of, by Abyssinia, 6; international situation of, 19; relations of, with France, 19-20; and Anglo-French agreement in 1899, 21; Moroccan interest of, 22; and Austria, 23; and Triple Alliance, 143-47, 182-83; and Conference, 207 and n., 247, 316, 332

Japan, 67-68; relations of, with Russia in 1903, 82-83; proposal of, to send Aoki to Berlin, 177, 179

Jaurès, 276 n.; approves French claims to Morocco, 6

Jonnart, Governor, 133 n., 242 n.

Jusserand, 244 n., 250, 256, 361

Khedivial decree, 111, 148-49

Kiel, naval review in 1904, 150

Kölnische Zeitung, 43

Kreuzzeitung, 217

Kriege, Dr., 264, 355 n.

Krueger telegram, 56 n.

Kühlmann, 184, 186 n., 192, 196, 202 n., 267 n., 312

Laguiche, Marquis de, 319

Lamsdorff, Count, 46 n., 95-98, 101, 110, 112, 114, 135, 162, 167-72, 168 n., 174 n., 178 n., 294-95, 302 n., 369; and Germany in 1904, 162-63, 174-79; character and policy of, toward Germany, 167-68; and Germany in 1905, 282, 300-302; reaction of, to Björkö Treaty, 296-97; cordiality of, to Great Britain in May, 1905, 306-7; refuses British overtures in Sept.-Oct., 1905, 307-8; and Germany in 1906, 358, 360, 367-69; co-operation of, with Great Britain, 360; urges Germany to accept French propositions at conference, 360, 367-69, 375, 391 n.

Lanessan, M. de, 354-56

Lansdowne, Lord, 13, 21 and n., 46, 48, 50-51, 66 n., 69-78, 75 n., 96-98, 110-14, 153, 155 and n., 209-10, 218 n., 232 n., 254 and n., 291, 293, 337, 344; refuses Sultan’s request in 1902, 17; and Spain over Morocco, 39-40; conversation of, with Cambon in 1902, 48-51; character of, 65-66; policy of, toward Germany, 66; and Germany over China, 66 n.; on possibility of Anglo-German Alliance, 75-76; on failure of negotiations for Anglo-German alliance, 78; and France, 87-102; favors agreement with Russia in 1903, 95 and n.; appeals to France to restrain Russia in 1903, 96-97; warns Cambon of possibility of Russo-Japanese war, 98-99; and Russia, 110-16; Anglo-Russian rapprochement, in 1904, 114; on German fear of British attack, 115; mediates between France and Spain in 1904, 121-23; on German proposal in 1904, 149; interprets Anglo-French accord, 156; on Anglo-German hostility in 1904, 176 n.; opposed to Conference, 207, 236, 244; on the visit to Tangier, 209; offers aid to France, 210; rejects Roosevelt’s offer to mediate in May, 1905, 226; policy of, toward France in May, 1905, 226-27 and nn.; advises United States against conference, 228-29; offers Mediterranean accord to Spain in June, 1905, 229; denies offer of alliance to France, 230-31 n., 241, 251-52; interpretation of Art. XVII of Convention of Madrid, 234-35 n.; assurance to France in July, 1905, 257; on William II and Björkö, 294

Lascelles, Sir Frank, 176 n., 202 n., 241, 279; on the German Emperor, 58; on Bülow, 59; on possibility of Anglo-German alliance, 75-76 n.; against idea of a conference, 209

Lautier, Eugène, 276 n.

Lauzanne, Stéphane, 276 n.

League of the Three Emperors, 135, 139 n., 143, 161

Lee, Arthur, 181 and n.

Léon, 263

Leon y Castillo, 13, 35 n., 37-38, 44, 49, 120 n., 123, 152 n.

Levy, Armand, 218-19 nn.

Lichnowsky, Prince, 127 n., 147

Lister, 248 n., 253

Lodge, Senator, 222

Lokalanzeiger, 383

London City Council, visit of, to Paris on Feb. 8, 1906, 369 n.

London Times, 3, 106, 186 n., 189, 276-77, 310 n., 386 n.

Loubet, President, 87, 139, 146, 182 n., 196 n., 201, 209, 230, 305; visit of, to Italy in 1904, 144-45

Louis, Georges, 262 and n., 273-74 n., 311 n., 377 n.

Louis of Battenberg, Prince, 195

Lowther, 216 n., 228, 257 n.

Luzzati, 145, 212, 220 n.

Lyauty, General, 133 n.

Maclean, Kaid Sir Harry, 3, 17, 47

Mallet, Louis, 95, 150 n.

Manchester Guardian, 203

Manchuria, 69, 82, 95-96, 98

Martino, M. de, 24

Matin, 217, 276, 310

Maura, Gabriel, 118-19

Mediterranean ententes, 19

Mendelssohn & Co., 264 n., 265 n., 355-56 n., 365 n., 384 n.

el-Menebhi, 12, 74, 133

Metternich, Count, 71, 76-77, 136, 150, 155 and n., 207, 251, 281 n., 315 n., 344-45; on Anglo-German relations in 1902, 78; warns government in 1904, 156-57; on British danger, 176 and n.; explains German policy to Grey, 326-27; warns Grey in 1906, 403-4

Mévil, 198 n., 230 n.

Michael, Grand Duke, 285 n.

Millet, René, 107-8

Miquel, Herr von, 244 and n.

Moltke, General, 281 n., 288, 292 n., 318 and n., 319 and n., 320 n.

Monson, Sir Edmund, 11, 41, 83 n.; character sketch of Delcassé, 8

Montero Rios, 259, 266, 268-69

Montferrand, Count de, 108 n.

Monts, Count, 145, 207, 222, 398 n.

Moret, 330-31, 372

Morning Post, 203

Morocco, 1-18, 2 n., 22-23, 28, 31, 36, 45 and n., 46, 48, 50, 62-65, 63 n., 71, 74 and n., 83, 87-94, 102-5, 107-8, 119-26, 140-42, 147, 154, 157-58, 255, 260, 272-73; loans, 12, 17-18, 264-65 and n.; embassy in Paris, 13-16; embassy in London and Berlin, 16, 73; and France, 128-34, 183-84, 191; offers concessions to Germany in 1905, 261; seizure of Algerian in 1905, 268 n.; criticism of results of Conference, 395-96; results of crisis, 405

Mühlberg, Herr von, 148 n., 264

Mukden, 181, 201 n.

Mulai-el-Hassan, 3

Mytilene, 26 n.

Nelidow, 295-96, 298, 302

Newfoundland, 99, 100 n., 102, 107-8 and n.

Nicholas, Grand Duke, 301

Nicholas II, Czar, 45, 98, 138 and n., 161-72, 168 n., 296-306, 321 and n., 324, 368; proposes alliance to Germany in 1904, 164; and Germany in 1904, 174-75, 177-78; Björkö meeting, 279-86, 284-85 n.; and Danish question, 285 n.; repudiates Björkö Treaty, 303-4 and n.

Nicholson, Sir Arthur, 14, 74 n., 197, 324 n., 330 n., 337, 349-51, 356 and n., 358, 374-76, 375 n., 379; favors Austrian proposition, 381-82, 386-87

Nineteenth Century, 173

Noailles, M. de, 49, 50

Norway, throne question in 1905, 282-83 n., 291, 292 n.

Nowoje Wremja, 203 n.

O’Conor, Sir Nicholas, 206 n.

Ojeda, 188 n., 314 n., 356 n., 372, 373 n.

Osten-Sacken, Count, 61 n., 163 and n., 391 n.

Pacific penetration, 7, 8, 14, 18, 74 n., 117, 120, 128-34

Pallain, 46 n.

Pan-German League, 140

Pariente, Moses, 264

Percy, Earl, 105, 292-93

Perdicaris, Ion, 131 and n.

Persia, 66, 82, 98, 170, 324 and n.

Phipps, Sir Charles, 341 n.

Plymouth, visit at, of German warships in 1904, 150

Poincaré, 230-31 n.

Port Arthur, 54 n.

Portuguese colonies, 60

Pourtales, Count, 264

Pressensé, M. de, 200

Prince of Monaco, 139, 247 n., 311 n., 380 and n.

Prinetti, 22, 24-32, 182; speech in Italian Chamber on May 22, 1902, 30; negotiations with France in 1902, 30-31

Rabat, 92-94, 134

Radolin, Prince, 46 n., 125 n., 136, 139, 152 n., 155 n., 199, 213-14, 225, 238, 248-49, 254, 362, 387, 403 and n.; disapproves German policy in 1905, 215; warning to Rouvier on May 16, 1905, 221; on public opinion in France in Jan., 1906, 319-20

Radowitz, Herr von, 137, 153, 221, 267, 270 n., 327, 331, 349, 351, 353, 356-57, 376-78, 382-83

Raisouli, 131 and n., 132

Regnault, 351-52, 366

Repington, Colonel, 335-36, 339

Reventlow, Count, 141

Révoil, Paul, 5, 12-13, 238 n., 262-63, 270, 334, 349, 351 and n., 353, 356-57, 372, 374, 375 n., 376, 380-83, 386, 390, 392; memo. to Radowitz on Feb. 16, 1906, 362-63; opposes Austrian proposal, 379

Richthofen, Baron, 154, 157, 159, 161 n., 164 n., 264, 281 n., 289 n., 319 n., 327

Ripon, Lord, 326, 339-40

Roman, 259

Romberg, Baron, 162

Rominten, 272, 299-300

Roosevelt, President, 101 n., 115, 178-80, 184-85, 188, 203, 226 and n., 239-40, 245 and n., 248, 287 n., 301, 309, 321, 353-54, 357, 361-62, 392; draws closer to Germany in 1904-5, 160, 205 and n., 206; tries to calm Anglo-German hostility in 1905, 205 and n., 215, 222-23; policy of, on Moroccan conflict on April 20, 1905, 214-15; hesitates about accepting invitation to conference in June, 1905, 237; intervenes in Paris and London in June, 1905, 243; advises France to accept conference in June, 1905, 249-50; beneficial result of his intervention in June, 1905, 250-51; refuses German request in July, 1905, 263; mistrusts Germany in 1906, 361; compromise proposal in 1906, 363-64; opposes Austrian proposal in March, 1906, 384-85, 388-89; proposal in March, 1906, 389

Root, 321, 355, 357, 361, 363-64, 389

Rosebery, Lord, 54 n., 106 n., 203, 322

Rosen, Dr., 274; his proposal for Franco-German accord in Sept., 1905, 269-70 and n.; negotiations in Paris in Sept., 1905, 269-72

Rothschild, Alfred, 54 n.

Rouvier, 8, 165, 200, 202, 224, 225 n., 229-31, 243-44 and n., 246 and n., 247 and n., 248 n., 249, 251-54, 256-57, 259-63, 267-69, 271-75, 278, 295, 314 n., 317, 328 n., 330, 332-34, 337, 367, 373, 377 and n., 381, 382 n.; speech in Chamber on April 17, 1905, 201; foreign policy of, 212 and n.; overtures to Germany, 212-13, 217-19 and nn., 220-21; opposed to conference in June, 1905, 237-38; offers direct agreement to Germany in June, 1905, 238; despair over Germany’s policy in June, 1905, 238-39 and n.; discouraged at German replies in June, 1905, 242; asks Roosevelt’s support in June, 1905, 245; accepts conference, 254; policy of, toward Germany on Morocco in July, 1905, 259; negotiates with Spain in 1905, 259-60; protests to Germany about Moroccan concessions in 1905, 265-66; offers colonial agreement to Germany in Sept., 1905, 271; declaration to Germany in Sept., 1905, 273; statement to Germany in Sept., 1905, 274; refuses to negotiate colonial agreement with Germany in Oct., 1905, 275; alarm over Björkö meeting, 294; on Continental alliance in 1905, 301-2; overtures to Germany in Nov., 1905, 311-12, 311 n.; speech in Chamber on Dec. 16, 1905, 313; determined to uphold French interests in Morocco at the Conference, 319; assumes Delcassé’s policy, 320; diplomatic preparations for Conference, 320-22; instructions to Révoil, 334-35, 335 n.; clings to policy in Feb., 1906, 360; declaration to Germany on Feb. 15, 1906, 362; downfall of, 379-80

Rudini, Marquis de, 20

Russia, 23, 36, 39 n., 41, 47 n., 54 n., 67-69, 94-102, 110-16, 117, 323-24, 361; interest of, in the Far East, 10; favors Continental bloc against Great Britain, 42; proposal to Germany in 1899, 61; proposal to Germany in 1902, 79; far eastern aggressions in 1903, 96; anger of, at Great Britain in 1904, 110, 168; Black Sea fleet of, 111; draws closer to Germany in 1904, 139, 161; and Germany in 1904, 160-72; Baltic fleet of, 161-63; divided opinion about alliance with Germany in 1904, 167-68; need of German aid in 1904, 175; negotiates loan in Berlin in 1904-5, 175; revolution, 181; press angry at Great Britain in 1905, 292; anger over renewal of Anglo-Japanese alliance in 1905, 307; loan in 1906, 321 and n., 323-24, 367, 391 n., 399; publication of instructions to Cassini in March, 1906, 391 and n.

Russo-Chinese agreement, 67

Russo-German commercial treaty of 1904, 161 n.

Russo-German negotiations for alliance in 1904, 114; proposed terms, 164-65, 169-70; results of, 179-80

Russo-Japanese relations, 67-68, 82-83 and n., 96; as affecting British interests, 67-68; and Germany, 67-68; and France, 67-68

Russo-Japanese War, 100, 110, 117, 139-40, 150, 161, 164-65, 239

Sagasta, 35 n., 37

Saint-Aulaire, Count de, 128, 129, 131 n.

Saint-René Taillandier, 15, 134, 184, 186 and n., 198 and n., 199 and n., 238; prepares mission to Fez in 1904, 133; his instructions, 133

Salisbury, Lord, 4, 11, 21, 35, 44, 61 n., 62 n., 63 n., refuses Delcassé’s overture, 41-42; policy of, 53; asks co-operation of United States in 1898, 53; proposes agreement to Russia in 1898, 53-54; opposes Anglo-German alliance, 73, 76

Samoan Islands, 60

Sanderson, Lord, 73, 108 n., 142 n., 228 n., 230 n.; on German policy, 59; on Delcassé’s anti-German policy, 187 n.

Sarrien, 385

Sattler, 141

Savinsky, 168 n., 296 n.

Schiemann, 217 n.

Schlieffen, General, 144, 148, 239 n.

Schoen, Herr von, 193, 367-68, 391 n.

Scholl, General, 192

Schulenburg, Count, 176 n.

Siam, 47-49, 87, 91, 106

Siegfried, Jules, 5

Signatory Powers, 203 and n., 234 and n.

Silvela, 35-36, 38 n., 39 and n.; article in La Lectura, 37

Sonnino, Baron, 355 n.

Spain, 3, 5, 10-11 and n., 45, 50, 90 n., 89-93, 118 n., 152-54, 247 and n., 266-69; trade with Morocco, 2; defeat of, by United States, 6, 35; anger at Great Britain, 35; internal and international situation, 35; and France, 35-40, 118-25, 259-61; interest in Morocco, 36-37; endeavors to bring about Franco-German rapprochement, 37; Cortes, debates in 1904, 118; support from Great Britain in 1904, 119; appeals to Germany for aid in 1904, 119, 122; Franco-Spanish agreement in 1904, 127 and n.; public opinion, 260; anger at Germany in Aug., 1905, 266; compromise proposal in Feb., 1906, 372-73; opposes Austrian proposal in March, 1906, 379; opposes Roosevelt’s proposal in March, 1906, 389; trouble with France in March, 1906, 392-93

Spain, Queen Mother of, 35 n., 93 n., 118, 137

“Splendid isolation,” 53

Spring Rice, Cecil, 101 n., 114 n., 115, 228 n., 291-92, 324

Sternburg, Baron, 160, 250, 251 n., 355, 384 n., 385

Straits of Gibraltar, 3

Stumm, Herr von, 373 n.

Sultan of Turkey, 28, 206 n.

Sweden, 373 n.

Switzerland, 393 n.

Sydenham, Lord, 309 n.

Tafilelt, 12

Taft, 214, 228

Tangier, 47-48, 65, 88, 120-21, 124, 130-34, 140, 153, 181-89, 186 n., 190, 196-97, 202, 247 n., 262-63, 270 n.; visit to, 192-95

Tardieu, André, 187 n., 199 n., 206 n., 234 n., 275, 348 n., 354 n., 372 n., 373 nn., 376 n., 381 n., 391 n.

Tattenbach, Count, 189-90, 206 n., 208, 213-15, 216 n., 223-25, 252, 257 n., 261-62 and n., 264-68, 274, 349, 352, 356 and n., 366, 376 and n.; proposal to Bülow on April 29, 1905, 215-16; favors Austrian proposal in 1906, 378

Temps, Le, 13 n., 265, 275, 387, 391 and n., 403

Teniet-Sassi, 16

Tibet, 82, 111

Tidikelt, 11

Tirpitz, Admiral, 164 n., 181

Tittoni, 145-46, 207 n., 224-25, and n.

Tores, El, 395

Touat, 11, 22, 63, 65

Tournade, 200

Tribuna, 26

Triple Alliance, 19-20, 22 n., 23-30, 32-34, 72-73, 75, 76 n., 106, 136, 141, 143-46, 181-83, 213 n., 279, 286, 398 n., 400

Triple entente, 138

Tripoli, 21-22, 24, 26, 143

Tschirschky, Herr von, 285 n., 286, 328, 399 n.

Tunis, 14, 19

Tweedmouth, Lord, 342

Ular, Alexandre, 276 n.

United States, 43, 50, 53, 62, 95 n., 160, 170, 178, 215

Vaffier-Pollet, 312 and n.

Van Grooten, 327 n.

Vanity Fair, 173

Varley, 131

Vassel, 186 n.

Venezuela affair, 82

Victor Emmanuel II, King, 23, 33 n., 145-46, 182

Victoria, Queen, 11

Vigo, 35 n., 127, 140, 151, 217

Villa-Urrutia, 198 n., 206, 236, 247, 316, 330 and n.

Visconti-Venosta, Marquis, 22, 23, 316, 332, 349, 351, 362, 377, 378 n., 381; policy of, toward France, 20

Waldeck-Rousseau, 8

Wallace, D. M., 357

Wedel, Count, 358

Welsersheimb, Count, 349, 358, 377-78, 378 n., 390

Weltpolitik, 10, 27-28, 52, 56-58

White, Henry, 214, 349, 351, 362 and n., 381, 392

Wiesbaden, 138

Wilhelmshöhe, 75

William II, Emperor, 17, 45, 46 n., 55-58, 56 n., 68-69, 75 and n., 93 n., 161, 165, 167, 169-74, 181-82, 186 and n., 187-88 and n., 193, 195-96, 198, 201 n., 202, 214, 222, 250, 267 n., 272, 300, 309, 317 and n., 318-19, 326; cordiality toward France, 42, 43 and n.; offers alliance to Great Britain, 54; aversion of, to Holstein, 60; visit of, to England in 1899, 61-62; visit of, to England in 1901, 68-69; at Vigo, 127, 151; on Moroccan question, 140; visit to Italy in 1904, 144-45; speeches in May, 1904, 147 and n.; lack of interest in Morocco, 151-52 and n.; opposes intervention in Morocco in 1904, 157; letter to Czar on Oct. 27, 1904, 163; failure of alliance negotiations in 1904, 177-78 and n., 180; and Japan in 1905, 178; speech at Bremen in 1905, 188 n.; opposes Tangier visit, 188-89; speeches at Tangier, 193-94 and n., 195 n.; initiates Russo-Japanese negotiations for peace, 239; opposes Bülow’s policy in June, 1905, 239 and n.; anger of, at Delcassé and Great Britain in Oct., 1905, 277; speech on Oct. 26, 1905, 277; Björkö meeting, 279-85 and n.; advice to Czar in July, 1905, 285 n.; letter to Czar on July 27, 1905, 285-86; changes phrasing of Björkö Treaty, 286, 288; on French and Belgian neutrality in case of Anglo-German war, 288; letter to Bülow on Aug. 11, 1905, 289-90; on British naval maneuvers in the Baltic in 1905, 292 n.; and Witte in 1905, 299 and n.; and Czar in Sept., 1905, 299-300; and Czar on Björkö Treaty, 303-4, 304 n.; disappointment over annulment of Björkö Treaty, 305; speech in Reichstag on Nov. 28, 1905, 313 n.; offer to Spanish King in Nov., 1905, 316 n., 330; protests pacific intentions in Dec., 1905, 318-19; “Brilliant second,” 398; on Italy in 1906, 398 n.; on international situation in 1906, 399

Windsor, 62

Witte, Count, 44, 160 n., 161 n., 271-72, 294 and n., 301 n., 321 n., 324, 367, 384 n., 391 n.; ideas on foreign policy in 1905, 298-99; visit to Rominten in Sept., 1905, 299-300; and annulment of Björkö Treaty, 300-301

Wolff, Theodor, 127 n., 186 n., 199 n.

Zanardelli, 24

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