APPENDIX.
Reading edition
It will appear from the following Tables of the Imports and Exports of the Province of Maranham, from 1812 to 1821, of how much importance the acquisition of that Province is to the Empire of Brazil. Some other Tables are added, which may serve to give a clearer idea of the state of the country. The amount of the duties on the importation of Slaves, paid by Maranham to the treasury at Rio de Janeiro during those ten years, was 30,239 milrees.
Nothing is wanting to the prosperity of that fine Province but a steady government, and a regular administration of justice. Without these two things, it will be in vain to expect either prosperity or tranquillity. The people are multiplying too fast to be managed by the former clumsy administration; and their intercourse with the rest of the world has taught them to wish for something better.
Although there are veins of metal in Maranham, they have never been worked; but some saltpetre-works have been established there. There are mineral and medicinal waters in some districts; but I believe they have not been analyzed: in short, little attention has hitherto been paid to any thing but the woods, and the growth of coffee, cotton, and sugar; in all of which Maranham is abundantly rich.
GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE IMPORTS TO MARANHAM, FROM THE YEAR 1812 TO 1820.
COUNTRIES WHENCE IMPORTED. 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 Mean of second Mean of first five 1821
Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees. Rees.
Brazil 244,506,690 284,211,812 416,508,747 284,418,270 271,326,160 635,642,720 687,505,720 616,297,520 271,501,280 300,194,336 496,454,680 293,618,720
Portuguese ports in Africa 146,817,000 181,610,811 221,219,843 371,238,250 408,590,000 988,100,000 759,320,000 934,069,500 326,230,200 265,895,180 685,061,940 193,583,790
Lisbon 167,431,350 256,407,277 417,018,290 458,595,340 752,051,810 743,334,230 569,961,450 527,062,435 474,282,020 410,380,813 613,338,389 331,483,280
Oporte 69,103,210 74,842,710 70,429,900 98,399,750 173,794,080 255,289,960 149,862,520 144,499,960 149,927,240 97,313,930 175,674,752 112,652,710
England 581,682,700 654,891,057 696,425,620 465,997,240 550,217,190 878,979,730 908,004,920 562,534,950 435,639,960 589,842,761 667,075,350 442,757,290
Gibraltar 13,848,800 ———— 3,246,400 ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— 9,491,000 ———— ———— ————
United States 49,729,600 ———— ———— 12,250,600 32,906,840 77,940,200 108,261,640 92,154,390 66,430,800 ———— 75,538,774 116,099,750
Western Isles ———— 2,964,400 ———— ———— ———— ———— 20,076,200 14,947,260 7,374,460 ———— ———— 2,325,600
France ———— ———— ———— 60,662,700 55,459,000 102,164,290 178,041,520 75,136,180 132,282,730 ———— 108,616,744 40,091,590
Holland ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— 13,625,600 2,320,000 12,091,000 ———— ———— ————
Spain ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— 17,169,400 ———— ———— ———— ———— ————
Annual amount 1,273,119,340 1,454,927,667 1,824,848,800 1,751,563,150 2,244,245,080 3,681,451,130 3,411,828,970 2,983,022,195 1,885,250,690 1,709,760,809 2,841,179,613 1,532,612,730
Silk Goods Portuguese 8,694,300 9,836,200 8,880,920 11,622,780 22,217,900 27,706,200 11,797,100 6,059,565 5,392,360 12,250,420 14,634,625 ————
Do. foreign 6,601,600 6,447,500 15,647,400 22,720,600 18,863,200 33,375,120 33,161,620 13,619,060 13,838,600 14,056,060 22,571,520 ————
Linen Goods Portuguese 26,832,100 22,170,300 19,476,800 29,872,200 50,266,000 57,456,520 49,855,700 23,041,480 28,261,380 29,723,480 41,776,216 ————
Do. foreign 69,031,100 125,357,220 172,292,860 74,989,100 162,170,280 307,923,950 175,888,560 111,670,680 83,702,900 120,768,112 168,261,274 ————
Cotton Goods Portuguese 3,085,640 10,375,730 10,859,000 21,273,380 54,732,250 89,924,400 44,665,120 49,258,310 33,272,580 20,065,200 54,370,532 ————
Do. foreign 349,295,440 324,792,020 316,213,050 377,886,820 444,593,640 506,977,320 579,338,910 359,983,900 212,115,710 362,556,194 420,601,896 ————
Woolen Cloths Portuguese ———— ———— 198,720 272,000 774,000 1,746,000 672,000 490,000 240,000 ———— 784,400 ————
Do. foreign 33,487,300 39,377,950 43,725,900 17,259,300 50,546,900 103,453,400 96,565,780 55,042,700 46,099,960 36,879,470 70,341,748 ————
Fine Hats Portuguese 946 2,292 4,400 3,402 5,419 3,663 3,966 4,579 5,263 3,292 4,578 ————
Do. foreign 4,228 5,140 8,795 3,193 7,422 12,826 21,868 10,196 9,219 5,755 12,186 ————
Coarse Hats Portuguese 11,689 9,623 6,225 9,424 16,380 27,552 12,180 9,324 2,876 10,668 13,662 ————
Do. foreign 3,774 2,735 4,976 17,836 14,555 22,686 25,224 4,961 5,122 8,775 14,509 ————
Clothes and Shoes Portuguese 2,465,600 1,817,600 3,054,600 3,346,880 2,389,100 1,254,440 3,347,040 7,002,920 7,312,400 2,614,756 4,261,180 ————
Do. foreign 1,232,000 500,000 2,200,000 1,729,200 1,080,800 4,886,400 6,934,300 3,305,000 1,477,000 1,348,400 3,536,700 ————
Movables Portuguese 4,494,600 3,360,000 8,700,000 10,600,000 18,600,000 22,220,000 24,240,000 23,590,000 4,020,000 9,150,920 18,534,000 ————
Do. foreign 1,244,700 2,734,000 1,120,000 1,400,000 5,000,000 10,800,000 17,400,000 6,600,000 9,800,000 2,298,400 9,920,000 ————
Portuguese brandy Pipes 45 48 139 104 220 288 265 303 221 111 259 657
Do. and Gin, foreign 46 11 20 21 38 76 109 132 269 27 124 ————
Portuguese Wines 745 645 1,427 1,320 761 2,047 694 1,879 2,226 1,179 1,921 1,620
Do. foreign 247 ———— 81 4 55 382 442 54 204 77 227 260
Wheaten Flour, arrobas 10,228 26,524 18,538 25,872 21,838 40,080 53,082 52,689 45,687 20,600 42,675 82,221
Salt Fish, quintals 401 252 296 818 938 2,237 5,786 1,799 1,669 541 2,485 ————
Butter, arrobas 5,785 4,628 4,220 5,198 4,625 9,624 10,453 8,187 8,751 4,891 8,328 ————
Cheese, arrobas 1,179 642 1,243 1,750 2,229 3,398 3,621 2,717 3,541 1,427 99 ————
Balance in favour of Maranham ———— 190,867,692 ———— 325,175,700 1,090,305,135 ———— 257,858,230 ———— 352,145,615 ———— 1,379,412,568 ————
Do. against 203,167,456 ———— 30,586,797 ———— ———— 132,588,568 ———— 470,596,983 ———— ———— ———— ————
Proceeds of the Customs 74,648,957 83,963,025 83,429,147 81,317,345 112,633,410 150,145,175 247,213,751 219,786,377 158,517,700 87,198,376 167,659,282 115,686,300
Portuguese Ships arrived 52 64 70 69 80 89 79 80 61 67 77 48
Do. foreign 34 29 12 43 58 63 100 57 80 35 71 56
Total Ships 86 93 82 112 138 152 179 137 141 102 149 104
New Slaves from Africa 992 1,221 1,592 2,692 2,615 5,797 3,377 4,784 2,381 1,822 3,790 1,718
Do. from Brazil 680 508 394 684 762 2,325 3,259 1,269 483 713 1,619 ————
Total Slaves imported in the Year 1,672 1,729 1,986 3,376 3,377 8,122 6,636 6,053 2,864 2,535 5,409 1,718
Total Number of Slaves imported, from 1812 to 1821,———45,477.
GENERAL STATEMENT OF EXPORT FROM MARANAHAM FROM 1812 TO 1821. (Continued below)
COTTONRICE
YEAR LISBONOPORTO ENGLANDFRANCEUNITED STATESDifferent Ports.High and Low Price.TOTALLISBONOPORTO
1812
No. 3,305 562 36,523———— 150 30 2,700 to 40,570 47,780 17,150
Arrobas 17,591 2,997 196,154———— 827 135 3,400 217,754 253,890 90,080
Amount 56,087,050 9,298,293 598,742,727———— 2,317,787 519,925 666,965,782 257,719,470 94,777,550
1813
No. 8,938 1,127 50,108————————————3,000 to 60,173 39,728 21,211
Arrobas 48,003 5,960 272,730———————————— 4,600 326,693 206,787 112,453
Amount 188,275,184 23,515,043 1,058,815,456———————————— 1,245,605,683 206,448,300 116,376,750
1814
No. 12,144 1,204 31,236 2,087————————4,100 to 46,671 45,615 24,444
Arrobas 65,045 6,351 166,459 10,527———————— 5,000 248,385 242,417 125,747
Amount 401,063,336 36,790,539 913,032,959 63,692,999———————— 1,414,579,833 219,802,820 111,238,700
1815
No. 18,276 1,672 30,804———————— 5 4,400 to 50,757 51,161 20,068
Arrobas 100,000 8,977 168,877———————— 25 7,000 277,879 272,607 104,738
Amount 577,330,200 50,109,500 1,077,256,700———————— 160,000 1,704,856,400 229,406,200 84,260,500
1816
No. 19,040 2,082 38,835 3,570————————4,500 to 63,527 57,585 24,550
Arrobas 105,448 10,822 214,538 19,413———————— 8,500 350,257 293,787 123,830
Amount 892,691,100 93,221,455 1,857,112,006 166,226,425———————— 3,003,250,986 248,658,750 98,699,085
1817
No. 25,830 3,788 38,369 3,145————————7,000 to 71,182 31,804 19,658
Arrobas 144,904 20,925 218,343 17,557————————10,000 401,729 168,565 103,668
Amount1,106,601,700 157,833,900 1,703,908,950 132,448,300———————— 3,100,792,850 194,752,275 130,820,437
1818
No. 16,294 3,251 49,083 4,899 33 1707,000 to 73,730 48,252 25,037
Arrobas 88,488 18,595 267,164 27,488 205 853 9,000 402,793 224,263 133,167
Amount 680,206,400 145,041,000 2,083,879,200 233,313,800 1,599,000 6,658,400 3,150,692,800 260,115,600 158,600,400
1819
No. 16,625 2,629 40,291 5,910———— 87,500 to 65,463 41,993 22,937
Arrobas 91,074 14,212 222,623 31,326———— 45 8,600 359,280 220,562 116,184
Amount 517,821,500 81,745,5001,333,142,384 203,052,350———— 238,833 2,136,000,537 201,039,450 104,074,950
1820
No. 12,799 2,311 48,279 2,915———— 3154,900 to 66,619 43,034 21,205
Arrobas 67,730 12,493 268,736 16,502———— 1,732 5,500 367,193 214,842 106,764
Amount 357,766,700 66,169,9001,406,080,282 36,508,600———— 9,006,400 1,925,531,882 159,720,609 79,815,814
1821
No. 10,930 873 26,364 3,655————————3,900 to 41,822 42,289 13,391
Arrobas 58,836 4,592 143,771 18,899———————— 4,850 226,118 212,824 68,969
Amount 253,675,950 18,825,000 600,658,671 85,097,600———————— 958,257,221 161,116,775 53,557,950
GENERAL STATEMENT OF EXPORT FROM MARANAHAM FROM 1812 TO 1821. (continued)
RICE. TANNED HIDES HIDES Dry and Green. SKINS GUM. Alqueires SUNDRIES.
YEAR Different Ports High and Low Prices Total Lisbon Oporto Different Ports Medium Price Lisbon Oporto Divers ports Medium Price Lisbon Oporto Medium Price Lisbon Oporto Medium Price Divers Ports
1812
No. 2,099 600 to 67,029 1593 480 570 2100 5229 243 6811 770 3263 36 750 1903 834 2050
Arrobas 10,676 1,300 354,646 5,550,300 9,457,140 2,474,250 5,610,850
Amount 11,811,200 354,308,220 25,581,550
1813
No. 5,275 650 to 66,214 6671 300 2100 7353 1114 248 750 4769 5072 730 1752 503 3000
Arrobas 28,165 1,200 854,646 14,639,100 6,536,250 7,380,750 6,916,500
Amount 28,145,000 350,970,050 12,667,025
1814
No. 892 800 to 70,957 7380 758 2000 6785 1071 2277 900 7693 3554 900 1891 368 2400
Arrobas 4,088 1,000 372,252 16,276,000 9,919,700 10,122,300 5,428,600
Amount 3,536,200 334,577,720 5,585,250
1815
No. 50 800 to 71,279 8649 1785 2500 15288 2419 1282 1200 8235 5102 950 1743 4 1800
Arrobas 270 1,000 377,605 26,085,000 22,786,800 12,670,150 3,144,605
Amount 249,600 313,916,300 8,190,000
1816
No. ———— 700 to 82,135 7085 1142 2500 22133 3867 235 1200 17268 8690 950 1547 104 1300
Arrobas ———— 1,000 417,617 20,567,500 31,482,000 24,660,100 2,971,800
Amount ———— 347,317,835 4,400,000
1817
No. 4,921 1,000 to 56,383 7456 1406 2500 1595 4287 496 1200 31449 7397 950 2577 684 800
Arrobas 25,134 1,300 297,417 22,155,000 24,889,200 36,903,700 5,869,800
Amount 24,524,000 350,096,712 8,155,300
1818
No. 677 1,150 to 68,966 8342 720 50 2700 4531 1177 5669 1250 32460 6395 950 1994 202 1800
Arrobas 3,663 1,400 360,093 24,602,400 14,221,250 36,912,250 3,952,800
Amount 4,362,500 432,078,500 8,651,500
1819
No. ———— 700 to 64,927 200 1977 3411 3000 150 55 27895 950 4385 3720 875 2883 500 1950
Arrobas ———— 1,300 336,746 16,764,000 26,695,000 19,007,625 6,596,850
Amount ———— 505,114,400 2,246,800
1820
No. 497 700 to 64,736 9813 1394 140 2800 3620 687 13795 1500 2241 3138 1100 1771 417 2000
Arrobas 2,575 900 324,121 31,771,600 27,453,000 5,905,930 4,376,000
Amount 1,650,000 241,184,423 1,173,500
1821
No. 590 600 to 56,270 9615 678 144 2800 4226 850 22306 1800 18414 850 1000 2845 957 2000
Arrobas 1,428 640 284,721 28,921,600 41,073,000 49,261,000 6,404,000
Amount 1,071,000 216,765,975 33,971,279
RECAPITULATION OF EXPORTS.
DESTINATION. 1812. 1813. 1814. 1815. 1816. 1817. 1818. 18191820 Mean of First Five YearsMean of Second Five Years 1821.
Lisbon 329,129,250 431,910,360 657,262,706 850,902,4501,207,011,150 1,377,936,025 1,012,630,550 730,509,375 556,768,709 695,249,183 976,971,161 483,451,725
Oporto 109,206,658 147,234,848 154,551,839 146,581,700 208,018,640 309,450,087 316,367,700 196,421,700 155,742,814 153,138,735 237,200,138 88,312,150
England 601,688,9171,060,051,156 917,043,2591,078,845,1001,852,712,000 1,728,432,950 2,084,502,450 1,333,142,354 1,406,996,782 1,102,068,086 1,681,157,507 602,368,671
France———————— 63,971,999———— 166,908,425 132,448,300 242,214,100 203,392,000 86,879,600 ————- 166,368,185 85,130,200
United States 10,304,419————————————————- ———— 7,319,000 48,720,959 20,168,000 ————- ————- 43,332,000
Different Ports 19,522,655 6,569,000 1,432,200 409,690————- 595,200 6,653,400 238,833 9,126,400 ————- ————- 1,020,250
Total of the Exports1,069,951,8941,645,795,3591,794,262,0032,076,738,8503,434,650,215 3,548,862,562 3,669,687,200 2,512,425,212 2,237,396,305 2,004,279,664 3,080,604,298 2,304,685,996
Export Duties on Cotton 130,654,878 196,016,626 148,634,103 166,727,400 210,154,200 241,037,400 241,675,800 215,568,000 220,315,800 170,437,441 225,750,240 153,319,999
National Ship sailed 52 62 66 66 77 86 77 78 63 64 76 49
Foreign Ships sailed 35 27 14 39 54 65 78 66 70 34 66 65
Total Ships sailed 87 89 80 105 131 151 155 144 133 98 143 114
STATE OF INDUSTRY.
All the Provinces. Where. Quantity Daily Maximum Daily Minimum Total
Commerce and Industry. National Houses City of Maranhaó 54
Ditto foreign Ditto 4
Men living by their own industry All the provinces 29 580
Machines, Potteries, Furnaces, and Forges. Steam engine for shelling rice. City of Maranhaó 1
Machines, with mules, for shelling rice Ditto 22
Ditto for sugar Interior 7
Ditto for bruising cane for distilling Ditto 115
Hand machines for cleansing cotton Ditto 521
Manufactory of Looms for weaving cotton Isle of Maranhaó 1
In the city 230
Potteries Ditto 27
Lime kilns Isle of Maranhaó 26
Saw pits All the provinces 18
Forges Ditto 132
M e c h a n i c s a n d A r t i s t s. Taylors. Freemen Ditto 61 1,000 320 157
Slaves Ditto 96 Ditto Ditto
Braziers. Freemen Ditto 4 600 320 5
Slaves Ditto 1 Ditto Ditto
Carpenters. Freemen Ditto 86 800 320 269
Slaves Ditto 183 Ditto Ditto
Woodcutters. Freemen Ditto 96 1,200 400 138
Slaves Ditto 42 Ditto Ditto
Ship Carpenters. Freemen Ditto 80 800 320 118
Slaves Ditto 38 Ditto Ditto
Smiths Freemen Ditto 5 800 400 5
Slaves Ditto Ditto Ditto
Blacksmiths. Freemen City of Maranhaó 37 700 320 60
Slaves Ditto 23 Ditto Ditto
Coopers. Freemen Ditto 2 48 320 3
Slaves Ditto 1 Ditto Ditto
Joiners. Freemen All the provinces 30 800 400 57
Slaves Ditto 27 Ditto Ditto
Goldsmiths. Freemen Ditto 49 640 400 60
Slaves Ditto 11 Ditto Ditto
Masons and Stone-cutters Freemen City of Maranhaó 404 800 320 1,012
Slaves Ditto 608 Ditto Ditto
Painters. Freemen All the provinces 10 640 400 15
Slaves Ditto 5 Ditto Ditto
Carpenters. Freemen City of Maranhaó 92 800 400 235
Slaves Ditto 143 Ditto Ditto
Sadlers. Freemen Ditto 4 800 400 5
Slaves Ditto 1 Ditto Ditto
Tanners. Freemen Ditto 4 480 320 10
Slaves Ditto 6 Ditto Ditto
Workwomen and Female Servants. Free 1,800
Slaves Ditto 1 800 240 160
Servants and Factors. Whites All the provinces 560 Variable Variable 760
Free blacks All the provinces 200 Variable Variable
STATEMENT OF PRODUCE.
In the whole province. Produce. Consumption Medium Value.
New Cotton arrobas 225518 11600 3900
Spirits pipes 385 405 60000
Rice alqueires 570079 380945 570
Sugar arrobas 417 20000 3200
Oil canadas 68386 30018 600
Potatoes arrobas 2420 8600 1200
Currie ditas 83 32 2500
Coffee ditas 1020 880 3200
Dry Beef ditas 48924 64200 2000
Wax ditas 37 500 3200
Hides numero 28876 2578 1800
Beans alqueires 3128 3500 1400
Fruits number 36 todas variable
Ginger arrobas 28 6 2400
Mandioc alqueires 207899 198810 900
Treacle barrels 6988 2381 170
Maize alqueires 77172 todo 700
Salt Fish arrobas 15254 todo 1000
STATEMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
In the whole Province Employed Existing. Mean Worth. Daily.
P e r s o n s Freemen 19960 35618 ———— de 240 a 326
Slaves 69534 84434 200000 de 160 a 240
C a t t l e Oxen 8811 130640 10000 ————
Asses ———— 28 20000 ————
Goats ———— 400 1200 ————
Sheep ———— 1800 2000 ————
Horses 600 12240 20000 ————
Mares ———— 9400 10000 ————
Mules 1100 3200 45000 ————
Ewes ———— 890 1200 ————
Cows ———— 20400 12000 ————
Total Amount of Agriculture 1,897,271,846
Capital employed 27,813,600,000
Number of Farms 4,856
Number of Proprietors 2,683
Note.—The worth is calculated in rees, the 1,000, or milree, being worth 5s. 2d. sterling.
THE END
LONDON:
Printed by A. & R. Spottiswoode, New-Street-Square.
ERRATA. (already corrected)
Page 30. line 20. for hopes read losses.
41. 21. for 1817 read 1807.
45. in the list of ships that remained at Lisbon, last line but one, for Ferlao read Trítaõ.
47. line 12. for Ponta read Ponte.
57. 4. for ambassader read ambassador.
59. 17. for sodier read soldier.
61. 4. for government read governments.
64. in the first line of note † for not read most.
65. line 13. for Custovaõ read Cristovaõ.
69. 6. for Cauler read Caula.
79. 21. for fuchsia read fuschia.
126. 16. for impotation read importation.
130. 23. for nove read nova.
141. 4. from bottom, for Pinja read Piraja.