Part I Statutes against Opposition to War. (See p. 110 of text.)
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Part I Statutes against Opposition to War. (See p. 110 of text.)
Alaska Laws, 1917, c. 60 (utter any seditious matter or tending to excite discontent, etc.; fair and honest criticism excepted.) 1 yr. or $1,000.
Florida Laws, 1917, c. 7392, No. 134 (persuading or publicly attempting to persuade a person not to enlist in war or when “our foreign relations tend to indicate an impending war or state of war”). Misdemeanor.
Hawaii Laws, 1918 sp., Act 19 (“language calculated or tending to discourage or prevent the vigorous prosecution of the war”; “disrespect to any flag of the United States”; “contemptuous or abusive language about any allied nation or its flag or uniform”; also peace clauses). 1 yr., $1,000.
Iowa (See sedition statute, part II; no express war provision, but opposition punished in:)
State v. Gibson, 174 N. W. 34 (1919).
Louisiana Laws, 1917 sp., No. 10 (like Minn., 1917). 3 mos.-1 yr., $100-$500.
Laws, 1918, No. 138 (like contempt part of Espionage Act of 1918). 5 yrs., $50-$5,000. (See sedition statute, part II.)
Minnesota Laws, 1917, c. 463 (see text; repealed by next statute). 1 yr., $100-$500.
State v. Holm, 139 Minn. 267; L. R. A. 1918 c. 304 (1918).
State v. Spartz, 140 Minn. 203 (quashed).
State v. Freerks, 140 Minn. 349.
State v. Townley, 140 Minn. 413 (quashed).
State v. Kaercher, 141 Minn. 186.
State v. Luker, 169 N. W. 700 (1918).
State v. Hartung, 169 N. W. 712 (1918) (dissent).
State v. Gilbert, 169 N. W. 790.
State v. Martin, 169 N. W. 792 (dissent).
State v. Deike, 172 N. W. 777 (1919 reversed).
State v. Gilbert, 171 N. W. 798.
State v. Townley, 171 N. W. 930 (ind. good).
State v. Rempel, 172 N. W. 919 (reversed).
State v. Ludemann, 172 N. W. 887 (reversed).
State v. Rempel, 172 N. W. 888 (reversed).
State v. Randall, 173 N. W. 425.
Laws, 1919, c. 93 (practically all of U. S. Act of 1918, except obstructing enlistment). 20 yrs., $20,000.
Montana Laws, 1918 sp., c. 11 (model for U. S. Act of 1918). 1–20 yrs., $200-$20,000.
State v. Kahn, 182 Pac. 107 (1919).
State v. Griffith, 184 Pac. 219 (1919) (reversed).
State v. Wyman, 186 Pac. 1.
State v. Smith, 188 Pac. 644 (1920 reversed).
State v. Smith, 190 Pac. 107 (reversed).
Ex parte Stair, 263 Fed. 145 (habeas corpus denied).
Laws, 1919, c. 77 (copies U. S. Act of 1917 for war, and rest of U. S. Act of 1918 for all times). 1–20 yrs., $200-$20,000.
Nebraska Laws, 1918 sp., c. 5 (very wide; punishes concealment of knowledge that sedition has been committed; also any violation of U. S. Act of 1917.) 20 yrs., $10,000.
Gerdes v. State, 175 N. W. 606 (1919) (reversed).
New Jersey Laws, 1918, c. 36 (like Minn., 1917). 7 yrs., $100-$2,000.
State v. Tachin, 106 Atl. 145 (1919); 108 Atl. 318 (dissent).
(See sedition statute, part II).
Texas Laws, 1918 (4th Called Sess.), c. 8 (like La.) 2–25 yrs.
Ex parte Acker, 212 S. W. 500 (1919).
Fromme v. State, 212 S. W. 501.
Meyer v. State, 212 S. W. 504.
Ex parte Meckel, 220 S. W. 81 (1920, held unconstitutional). 3 mos.-1 yr., $100-$1,000.
Wisconsin Laws, 1918 sp., c. 13 (like Minn., 1917). 1 yr., $1,000.
(Note: In addition to the sedition statutes mentioned, several states during the period of hostilities passed criminal syndicalism laws, see part II—Arizona, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, South Dakota.)