Book 10 — Transcription of opening chapter, Book I, Venice, 1503
Joseph Dommers Vehling translation
Laseratum Oxyporum Oxygarum digestibile Oenogarum in tubera Hypotrima Mortaria
¶ Ciminatum in ostrea de conchiliis.
Apicii Celii epimeles Incipit liber primus conditum paradoxum.
Conditi Paradoxi compositio: mellis partes. xv. in æneum uas mittuntur in præmissis inde sextariis duobus ut in cocturam mellis uinum decoques. quod igni lento: & aridis lignis calefactum comotum ferula dum coquitur. Si efferuere cœperit uini rore compescitur preter quod subtracto igni in se redit. cum perfrixerit rursus accenditur Hoc secundo ac tertio fiet ac tum demum remotum a foco postridie despumatur cum piperis unciis iiii. iam triti masticis scrupulo. iii. folii & croci dragmæ singulæ. dactilorum ossibus torridis quinque hisdem dactilis uino mollitis intercedente prius suffusione uini de suo modo ac numero: ut tritura lenis habeatur: his omnibus paratis supermittes uini lenis sextaria. xviii. carbones perfecto addere duo milia.
¶ Conditum meliromum.
Ulatorum conditum meliromum perpetuum quod subministratur per uiam peregrinanti. pp tritum cum melle despumato in cupellam mittis conditi loco. & ad mouendum quantum sit bibendum tantum aut mellis proferas: aut uinum inferas: sed suaserit non nihil uini meliromo mittas adiiciendum propter exitum solutiorem.
¶ Absynthium romanum.
Absynthium romanum sic facies. Conditi camerini præceptis utique pro absynthio cessante: in cuius uicem absynthi ponthici purgati terembitique unciam thebaicam dabis. masticis folii. iii. scrupulos senos. croci scrupulos. iii. uini eiusmodi sextarios. xviii. carbones amaritudo non exigit.
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Transcription of Brevis Pimentorum
BREVIS PIMENTORUM QUÆ IN DOMO ESSE DEBEANT UT CONDIMENTIS NIHIL DESIT;
crocum, piper, zingiber, lasar, folium, baca murræ, costum, cariofilum, spica indica, addena, cardamomum, spica nardi. De seminibus hoc. dapaber, semen rudæ, baca rutæ, baca lauri, semen aneti, semen api, semen feniculi, semen ligustici, semen erucæ, semen coriandri, cuminum anesum, petro silenum, careum, sisama
Apici excerpta. a Vinidario vir intut
De siccis hoc lasaris radices, menta, nepeta, saluia, cuppressum, oricanum, zyniperum, cepa gentima, bacas timmi, coriandrum, piretrum, citri fastinaca, cepa ascalonia, radices iunci, anet puleium, ciperum alium, ospera, samsucum, innula, silpium, cardamomum.
De liquoribus hoc. mel, defritum, carinum, apiperium, passum.
De nucleis hoc. nuces maiores nuclos pineos ac midula aballana.
De pomis siccis hoc. damascena, datilos, uva, passa, granata. hæc omnia in loco sicco pone ne odorem et virtutem perdant. Brevis cyborum. caccabina minore. ii. caccabina fusile. iii. ofellas garatas. iiii. ofellas assas. v. aliter ofellas. vi. ofellas graton. vii. pisces, scorpiones
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Transcription of title page, Lister Edition, Amsterdam, 1709
APICII CŒLII DE OPSONIIS ET CONDIMENTIS, Sive ARTE COQUINARIA, Libri Decem. Cum Annotationibus MARTINI LISTER, è Medicis domesticis Serenissimæ Majestatis Reginæ Annæ, ET Notis selectioribus, variisque lectionibus integris, Humelbergii, Barthii, Reinesii, A. van der Linden, & Aliorum, ut & Variarum Lectionum Libello. EDITIO SECUNDA. Longe auctior atque emendatior.
{Decoration}
AMSTELODAMI, Apud Janssonio-Wæsbergios
MDCCIX.
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Transcription of diagram showing relation between manuscripts
MS The ARCHETYPUS FULDENSIS. Formerly in the Monastery of Fulda. Probably written prior to the 9th century (now lost) connects to: 1. MS ROME, Vatican Vrbin, 1st 1146, 9th century; and 2. MS, Now in New York City, formerly CHELTENHAM, Bibl. Phillipps 275, 9th century.
The Rome 1146 MS connects to: 1. MS PARIS, lat. 8209, 15th century; 2. MS MUNICH, lat. 756, Critinus, 1459 A.D.; and 3. The GIARRATANO-VOLLMER Edition, Leipzig, 1922.
The Cheltenham 9th century MS connects to: 1. MS MUNICH, lat. 756, Critinus, 1459 A.D.; 2. The HUMELBERG EDITION, Zürich, 1542; and 3. The GIARRATANO-VOLLMER Edition, Leipzig, 1922.
The Paris 15th century MS connects to a series of other editions: 1. MS FLORENCE, Laur. 73.20, 15th century; and MS ROME, Vat., lat 1145, 15th century; 2. MS FLORENCE, Laur. Strozz. 67, 15th cent.; and MS FLORENCE, Ricc. 141, 15th century; and MS FLORENCE, Ricc. 622, 15th century; 3. MS OXFORD, Bodl. Can. lat. 163, 1490; 4. MS OXFORD, Bodl. Ad. B.110, 15th century; 5. MS CESENA, Bibl. mun., 14th century; and 6. MS ROME, Vat. lat. 6803, 15th century. This group, in turn, connects to: 1. The LANCILOTUS-SIGNERRE EDITIONS, Milan, 1490(?), 1498; and 2. The BASEGGIO Edition, Venice, 1852. The group also tentatively connects to: 1. EDITION PRINCEPS, Venice, ca. 1486-1490 from unknown codex (Honterus?); and 2. The TORINUS EDITIONS: Basel-Lyons 1541, from codex found by Torinus.
The 1542 Humelberg edition connects to the LISTER EDITIONS, London 1705, Amsterdam, 1709.
The Lister editions connect to: 1. The SCHUCH EDITIONS, Heidelberg 1867-1874; and 2. The BERNHOLD Editions, 1787-1800.
The Schuch editions additionally connect to: 1. MS PARIS lat. 10318, Apici Excerpta a Vinidario v.i., 8th century; 2. The LANCILOTUS-SIGNERRE editions; and 3. The VEHLING TRANSLATION, Chicago 1926.
The Bernhold editions additionally connect to: 1. The LANCILOTUS-SIGNERRE editions; and 2. The VEHLING TRANSLATION, Chicago 1926.
The Vehling translation additionally connects to: 1. The TORINUS editions; 2. The BASEGGIO edition; and 3. The GIARRATANO-VOLLMER edition.
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Transcription of colophon, Milan Edition, 1498
Antonius mota Ad vulgus.
Plaudite sartores: cætari: plaudite ventres Plaudite mystili tecta per vncta coqui Pila sit albanis quæcunq; ornata lagænis Pingue suum copo limen obesus amet Occupat insubres altissimus ille nepotum Gurges & vndantes auget & vrget aquas Millia sex ventri qui fixit Apicius alto Inde timens: sumpsit dira venena: famem.
Ioannes salandus lectori.
Accipe quisquis amas irritamenta palati: Precepta: & leges: oxigarumq; nouum: Condiderat caput: & stygias penitrauerat vndas Celius: in lucem nec rediturus erat: Nunc teritur dextra versatus Apicius omni Vrbem habet: & tectum qui perigrinus erat: Acceptum motte nostro debebis: & ipsi Immortalis erit gratia: laus & honor: Per quem non licuit celebri caruisse nepote: Per quem dehinc fugiet lingua latina situm.
Impressum Mediolani per magistrum Guilermum Signerre Rothomagensem Anno dni. Mcccclxxxx viii.die.xx.mensis Ianuarii.
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Transcription of title page, Venice Edition, 1503
Apitii Celii de re Coquinaria libri decem.
Coquinariæ capita Græca ab Apitio posita hæc sunt. Epimeles: Artoptus: Cepurica: Pandecter: Osprion Trophetes: Polyteles: Tetrapus: Thalassa: Halieus. Hanc Plato adulatricem medicinæ appellat.
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Transcription of title page, Lyons, 1541
CÆLII APITII, SVMMI ADVLATRICUS MEDICINÆ ARTIFICIS, De re Culinaria libri Decem.
{Handwriting}
B. PLATINÆ CREMONENSIS De Tuenda ualetudine, Natura rerum, & Popinæ scientia Libri x.
PAVLI ÆGINETÆ DE FACULTATIBUS alimentorum Tractatus, Albano Torino Interprete.
{Handwriting}
{Decoration}
APVD SEB. GRYPHIVM LVGVDVNI, 1541.
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Transcription of title page, Humelbergius Edition, Zürich, 1542
IN HOC OPERE CONTENTA
APICII CÆLII
DE OPSONIIS ET CONDIMENTIS, SIVE ARTE COQVINARIA LIBRI X.
ITEM,
Gabrielis Humelbergij Medici, Physici Isnensis in Apicij Cælij libros X. Annotationes.
TIGVRI IN OFFICINA Froschouiana. Anno, M. D. XLII.
{Handwriting}
{Signature: Johannes Baptista Bassus.}
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Transcription of title page, Lister Edition, London, 1705
APICIANA
APICII CŒLII DE OPSONIIS ET CONDIMENTIS, Sive Arte Coquinaria, Libri Decem.
Cum Annotationibus Martini Lister, è Medicis domesticis serenissimæ Majestatis Reginæ Annæ.
ET
Notis selectioribus, variisque lectionibus integris, Humelbergii, Caspari Barthii, & Variorum.
LONDINI: Typis Gulielmi Bowyer. MDCCV.
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Transcription of verso of title page, Lister Edition, 1705
Hujus Libri centum & viginti tantum Exemplaria impressa sunt impensis infrascriptorum.
Tho. Lord A.B. of Canterbury. Ch. Earl of Sunderland. J. Earl of Roxborough, Principal Secretary of State for Scotland. J. Lord Sommers. Charles Lord Hallifax. J. Lord Bishop of Norwich. Ge. Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells. Robert Harley Speaker, and Principal Secretary of State. Sir Richard Buckley, Baronet. Sir Christopher Wren. Tho. Foley, Esq; Isaac Newton, Esq; President of the Royal Society. William Gore, Esq; Francis Ashton, Esq; Mr. John Flamstead, Ast. Reg. John Hutton, } Tancred Robinson, } M. D. D. Hans Sloane. }
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Transcription of squib
LIBRO COMPLETO··· SALTAT SCRIPTOR PEDE LAETO······}
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Transcriber's Note
Minor punctuation errors have been repaired. Amendments have been made only where there was a clear error, where there was a definite inconsistency within the text, or where it was impossible to find a reliable source of the original spelling, as follows:
Page vii—FRONTISPIECE amended to FRONTISPICE—"13 FRONTISPICE, Lister Edition ..."
Page 5—predeliction amended to predilection—"... nor did he indulge in that predilection for ugly detail ..."
Page 9—Minturæ amended to Minturnæ—"... living chiefly at Minturnæ, a city of Campania, ..."
Page 11—departmentized amended to departmentalized—"... were departmentalized to an astonishing degree ..."
Page 11—indispensible amended to indispensable—"These indispensable books are simply wanting in our book ..."
Page 15—Pommerania amended to Pomerania—"... Sweden, Holstein, Denmark, Friesland, Pomerania still observes Apicius rules ..."
Page 20—fallability amended to fallibility—"... how each new copy by virtue of human fallibility or self-sufficiency ..."
Page 22—salt amended to salted—"The fish, intestines and all, was spiced, pounded, fermented, salted, strained and bottled ..."
Page 23—an amended to a—"May it be a sturdy one, and let its owner beware."
Page 24—prodiguous amended to prodigious—"His culinary procedures required a prodigious amount of labor ..."
Page 26—insiduousness amended to insidiousness—"Even the most ascetic of men cannot resist the insidiousness of spicy delights ..."
Page 27—appeite amended to appetite—"... having our appetite aroused at the very perusal ..."
Page 28—devine amended to divine—"... the experienced practitioner will be able to divine correct proportions, ..."
Page 32—compote amended to compôte—"... oyster cocktail, poultry and compôte, goose with apple ..."
Page 36—mummyfied amended to mummified—"... that Apicius is not a mummified, bone-dry classic ..."
Page 58—EPIMLES amended to EPIMELES—"EXPLICIT APICII EPIMELES LIBER PRIMUS"
Page 64—feasable amended to feasible—"... such as we here suggest would be entirely feasible ..."
Page 70—CIRELLOS amended to CIRCELLOS—"[65] ROUND SAUSAGE CIRCELLOS ISICIATOS"
Page 77—popularily amended to popularly—"... chestnuts and potatoes, popularly known as “Chinese potatoes” ..."
Page 89—acccordance amended to accordance—"... Procedure quite in accordance with modern practice."
Page 89—omitted [1] added to beginning of note in recipe 121.
Page 89—114 amended to 115 (twice)—"... (Cf. ℞ No. 115) ..." and "... Spondyli uel fonduli (℞ Nos. 115-121) does belong to Book II ..."
Page 96—Carthusians amended to Carthusian—"... those delightful creations by the Carthusian monks ..."
Page 102—act amended to fact—"... a fashion which, as a matter of fact still survives in the Orient, ..."
Page 110—glace amended to glacé—"... the œnogarum taking the place of our meat glacé."
Page 110—vexacious amended to vexatious—"Another interpretation of this vexatious formula ..."
Page 116—indispensible amended to indispensable—"... both of which are indispensable to modern cookery."
Page 117—166 amended to 165—"* Cf. ℞ No. 165."
Page 122—illustrations amended to illustration—"This is a good illustration of and speaks well for ..."
Page 129—forcements amended to forcemeats—"... any fine forcemeats, cut into or cooked in tiny dumplings."
Page 150—Dan. amended to Dann.—"Dann. takes this literally, but navo (navus) here ..."
Page 151—omitted [1] added to beginning of note in recipe 243.
Page 154—APERATURE amended to APERTURE—"... EMPTY IT THROUGH THE APERTURE OF THE NECK ..."
Page 162—TID BITS amended to TID-BITS—"TID-BITS, CHOPS, CUTLETS"
Page 164—Worchestershire amended to Worcestershire—"... some of the commercial sauces made principally in England (Worcestershire, etc.), ..."
Page 166—Gell. amended to Goll.—"... Cupedia (Plaut. and Goll.), nice dainty dishes, ..."
Page 172—cates amended to cakes—"Dulcia, sweetmeats, cakes; ..."
Page 173—128 amended to 129 and 142 amended to 143—"... or else it is a nut custard, practically a repetition of ℞ Nos. 129 and 143."
Page 180—SNAIL amended to SNAILS—"THE SNAILS ARE FRIED WITH PURE SALT AND OIL ..."
Page 191—galatine amended to galantine—"We would call this a galantine of lamb if such a dish ..."
Page 193—Dan. amended to Dann.—"Dann. thinks laureatus stands for the best, ..."
Page 193—it's amended to its—"... it is possible that the kid was cooked with its mother’s own milk."
Page 198—councellor amended to counsellor—"Celsinus was counsellor for Aurelianus, the emperor."
Page 204—EXLIXUM amended to ELIXUM—"ALITER LEPOREM ELIXUM"
Page 213—15 amended to 14—"[3] Cf. No. 14 for the keeping of oysters."
Page 228—2 amended to 3—"[2] Cf. note 3 to ℞ No. 448."
Page 228—preceeds amended to precedes—"... this formula precedes the above."
Page 231—act amended to fact—"... as a matter of fact, stands for pepper, ..."
Page 236—CARDAMON amended to CARDAMOM—"... INDIAN SPIKENARD, ADDENA [3], CARDAMOM, SPIKENARD."
Page 236—FENNELL amended to FENNEL—"... CELERY SEED, FENNEL SEED, LOVAGE SEED, ..."
Page 253—XVII amended to XVIII—"Munich, XVIII"
Page 255—Cesna amended to Cesena—"Cesena, bibl. municip., 14th century."
Page 255—phases amended to phrases—"... and failed to understand some phrases of it."
Page 258—Pennel amended to Pennell—"The Pennell collection was destroyed by a flood in London ..."
Page 258—Epimelels amended to Epimeles—"... Græca ab Apitio posita hæc sunt || Epimeles, ..."
Page 277—Southerwood amended to Southernwood—"ABROTANUM, ... or, according to most Southernwood."
Page 277—Attich amended to Attic—"... a small measure, equivalent to 15 Attic drachms"
Page 278—fewerfew amended to feverfew—"AMACARUS, sweet-marjoram, feverfew"
Page 279—Baracuda amended to Barracuda—"Barracuda, a fish, ℞ 158"
Page 279—COLOSASIUM amended to COLOCASIUM—"Beans ... —— “Egyptian,” see COLOCASIUM"
Page 279—orrage amended to orage—"... the arrack or orage, also spinach, according to ..."
Page 279—omitted ℞ added—"BUBULA, Beef, flesh of oxen, p. 30, ℞ 351, 352"
Page 280—forno amended to Forno—"... with our illustrations of the Casa di Forno of Pompeii ..."
Page 280—Caviar amended to Caviare—"Caviare, see STYRIO"
Page 282—mussle amended to mussel—"... any hollow vessel resembling a mussel shell ..."
Page 283—maitre amended to maître—"... to the PRINCEPS COQUORUM, the “maître d’hôtel” of the establishment ..."
Page 284—tumeric amended to turmeric—"CURCUMA ZEODARIA, turmeric"
Page 284—Destillation amended to Distillation and entry moved to proper place in the Index—"Distillation, see Vinum"
Page 286—illustratios amended to illustrations—"... on which the CRATICULA stood. Cf. illustrations, p. 182"
Page 287—Passianus amended to Passenianus—"Hare, ... —— smoked Passenianus, ℞ 389 ..."
Page 289—destillate amended to distillate—"... the juice or distillate of the herb by that name, ..."
Page 289—LIQORIBUS amended to LIQUORIBUS—"LIQUORIBUS, DE, p. 370"
Page 290—indispensible amended to indispensable—"... grown in Italy at his time, that are so indispensable ..."
Page 290—dog-brier amended to dog-briar—"... namely the hip, dog-briar, or eglantine is made into dainty confections ..."
Page 292—omitted page number added to entry for oval pan—"Oval pan, illustration, p. 159"
Page 294—forcement amended to forcemeat—"Pork ... —— forcemeat, ℞ 366"
Page 296—destillate amended to distillate—"... distillate from the joints of the bamboo or sugar cane, ..."
Page 297—SESESIL amended to SESELIS—"SESELIS, SEL, SIL, hartwort, kind of cumin"
Page 297—SISYMBRUM amended to SISYMBRIUM—"SISYMBRIUM, water cress"—and entry moved from following entry for SITULA to preceding it.
Page 297—Sternajola amended to Sternajolo—"Sternajolo, writer, Apiciana, No. 28, p. 273"
Page 299—omitted p. added—"Title pages, Venice, 1503, p. 262; ..."
Page 300—Rebecca amended to Rebekka—"Wolf, Rebekka, writer, ℞ 205, seq."
Page 300—Wooley amended to Wolley, and entry moved to correct place in index—"Wolley, Mrs. Hannah, writer, ℞ 52"
The following have also been noted:
The author has consistently used minuscle rather than minuscule when referring to manuscript. Since it appears deliberate, it has been preserved as printed.
Page 9 has a word obscured—"one of three known famous —— bearing that name". Another source of the text has the word as ‘eaters’, so the same has been used here.
Page 23 has a reference to a "modern" sauce, A I. There were no obvious references to be found for a sauce of that name, so it may be a typo for A1 sauce, which was available at the time of writing. As there is no way to be certain, however, it has been preserved as printed.
Page 49—note to recipe 13 reads, "Exactly as we today with fried herring and river lamprey". It is possible that it should read "as we do today", but has been left as printed.
Page 151—recipe 241 has a note 1, but no marker in the text.
Page 166—recipe 275 has a marker for note 1, but no note with that number.
Page 172—Note 1 to recipe 294 reads "making it convenient and unprofitable for the domestic cook"—this should probably be read as "inconvenient and unprofitable", but it has been left as printed.
Page 175—recipe 305 has a marker for note 2, but no note with that number.
Page 189—recipe 351 has a marker for note 2, but no note with that number.
Page 211—recipe 405a has a marker for note 2, but no note with that number.
Page 226—there is no title for recipe 445.
Page 230—there is no Latin translation provided for the heading "EEL".
Page 243—recipe 481 is titled "FISH STEWED IN WINE", but does not mention wine anywhere in the recipe itself.
Page 284—contained incorrectly placed index entries for CLIBANUS, CNICOS and CNISSA (following COXA). These have been moved to the correct place.
Page 291—the index entry for Morsels also seems to have had the recipe references (309, seq.) for Morels included; this has been preserved as printed.
Page 291—contained incorrectly placed index entry for Mullet (following MUSTUM). This has been moved to the correct place.
Page 292—in the subentry for OLUS (OLUS AND CAULUS), there is an ℞ but no number.
Alphabetic links have been added to the index for ease of navigation.