INDEX

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Alexander the Great, 50 Alexander II., 103 Alexander, Samuel, 182 Amos, 21 Antisthenes, 36 Anti-Utilitarians(ism), 86, 87, 107 Aristippus, 36 n. Aristotle, 21,42,44 ff., 65 Arrian, 53 n. Augustine, 58

Bach, J. S., 91 Bacon, Lord Verulam, 64 Basilides, 125 n. Bayle, 93 Beneke, 151 Bentham, 75, 77, 79, 83, 96, 103, 144, 151, 159, 222, 233 Bergson, 198 f., 203 Bernstein, 163 Bodin, 68 Bradley, 184 f. Braun, 201 n. Buddha, 21, 25, 27, 133, 172, 174, 214, 238 Butler, Bp., 89

Carus, P., 234 n. Chamberlain, 198 f. Charron, 68 Cherbury, Lord H. of, 93 Chwang-tse, 27, 54, 118, 120 f., 131, 133, 139, 179, 236 f., 272 Cicero, 52 n., 65 Clarke, 86 Clemens, Flavius, 126 n. Clement XIV., 95 Cohen, 183 f. Collins, 93 Comte, 152, 154 Condorcet, 89, 104 Confucius (Kung-tse), 21, 27, 34, 54, 91, 104, 139, 237 f., 272 Copernicus, 61, 114 Cudworth, 86 Cumberland, 86 Cynics, 34, 36, 43 Cyrenaics, 34, 36, 43

Darwin, Chas., 14,153 ff., 193, 233 Democritus, 36 f. Descartes, 13, 62, 116, 123, 137, 233, 246 Diderot, 87 n., 89 Diogenes Laertius, 32 n., 36 n. Diogenes of Sinope, 36 n. Domitian, 52 Drews, 201 n. Du Bois-Raymond, 209

Engels, 161 Epictetus, 52-6, 58, 60, 65 Epicurus(ism), 21, 36-9, 51, 58, 68 Erasmus, 66 f. Ernesti, 93 Essenes, The, 98 Feuerbach, 152 Fichte, J. G., 21, 126 ff., 136-145, 147, 150 f., 166-171, 177, 185, 189, 209, 223, 231, 237 f. Fichte, Imm. H., 126 n., 166 Firmian, Archbishop, 95 Fouillée, 186-193, 198 Fourier, 161 Frederick the Great, 81, 96 Freemasons, 97

Galileo, 62 Gassendi, 68 Giordano, Bruno, 62, 88 Gizyki, von, 182 Gnostics, 60, 125 f. Goethe, 89, 136 ff., 140, 199 Gomperz, 153 n. Green, T. H., 184 ff.

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Grotius, 68, 96 Guyau, 187-93

Haeckel, 201 Hartley, 72, 152 Hartmann, 194-197 Hegel, 21, 102, 126, 141-149, 150, 162, 167, 170, 173, 197, 202, 237 f. Helvetius, 75-79 Heraclitus, 32 Herbart, 166 Herder, 89 Herrmann, 183-185 Hobbes, 75-79, 85, 120 Höffding, 182 Holbach, von, 72, 152 Humanism, 92 Hume, 80-84, 93, 152, 155, 181, 188 Hutcheson, 89

Illuminati, The, 97 Indian Philosophy, 11, 14, 17, 25, 27, 28, 30, 34, 42, 54, 66, 88, 113, 117 f., 121, 123, 145 f., 158, 166, 171, 194, 214, 223, 231, 237, 239 Intellectualists, 87, 106 Intuitionists, 87, 106, 184 Isaiah, 21

Jacobi, 116 James, 210 Jenner, 97 Jesuits, 95, 98 Jesus, 21, 25, 27, 34, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 94, 98, 158, 202 Jodl, 24, 182 Joseph II., 99 Josephus, 98

Kant, 13, 21, 23, 25, 41, 87, 106-115, 122, 127-129, 134, 136, 137, 140, 147, 150, 151, 166, 169, 184, 190, 199, 206, 209, 223, 231, 233, 252 Kepler, 62 Keplerbund, 209 Ketteler, 162 Keyserling, 198-200, 203 Kingsley, Charles, 162 f.

Laas, 152 Lamennais, 162 n. Lange, 162, 192 f. Lao-tse, 21, 27, 34, 37, 118, 120, 121, 133, 139, 179, 236 f. Lassalle, 161, 164 Latitudinarians, 93 n. Laurie, 184 f. Legge, 234 n. Leibniz, 93, 116, 122-124, 137 Leonardo da Vinci, 61, 200 Lenôtre, 96 n. Lessing, 89, 93 Lie-tse, 118, 120, 179 Locke, 21, 75-79, 85

Machiavelli, 68 Marcus Aurelius, 52-60, 65, 68 Marcion, 125 n. Martineau, 184 f. Marx, 161 f. Maurice, F. D., 162 Mayhew, 163 n. Mendelssohn, Moses, 89, 93, 116 Meng-tse, 27, 47, 51, 54, 237 Michaelis, 93 Mill, James, 153 Mill, John Stuart, 150, 153 Mo-di, 237 Mohammed, 27 Monism, 60, 90, 114, 138, 189, 201 Montaigne, 67 More, Henry, 86

Napoleon Buonaparte, 100, 102 Neoplatonism, 60 Neopythagoreanism, 60 Nero, 52

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Newton, Isaac, 69, 86 Nicolai, 129 Nietzsche, 21, 23, 165, 174-180, 188 f., 197, 201, 223, 231, 236 Origen, 126 n. Orphism, 42 Owen, Robert, 161

Paracelsus, 62 Paulsen, 182 Paul (the Apostle), 21 Plato, 21, 33-35, 40-52, 85, 223 Plotinus, 60 Positivism, 152 Prophets, the Jewish, 21, 27, 34, 231 Proudhon, 161 Pythagoreanism, 42

Rationalists (ism), 6, 90-105,124-131, 135, 139, 147, 150 f., 190, 211 Reformation, 66 Reimarus, 93 Reinhard, 94 Renaissance, 21, 61 f., 69 Renouvier, 183 Ritschl, 210 Rousseau, 93 Royce, 186

Saint Simon, 161 Schelling, 126 Schiller, 136-138, 140 Schleiermacher, 138-140, 145 Schmoller, 162 Scholasticism, 61 Schopenhauer, 11, 13, 21, 23, 30, 165-174, 179 f., 189, 197, 223, 231, 234 Schweitzer, Albert, 67 n., 94 n. Semler, 93 Seneca, 52-60, 65 Seth, 184 f. Sforza, 200 Shaftesbury, Lord, 21, 85-87, 138 Sidgwick, H., 182 Simmel, 182 n. Smith, Adam, 80-84, 87, 152 155 f., 185 Socinians, 92 Socrates, 21, 33-47, 52, 71, 74, 177 Sophists, 32, 48, 178 Spencer, H., 153-158, 202 Spinoza, 13, 21, 25, 88, 104 116-124, 133, 137-140, 143 167, 189, 223, 237 f. Staël, Madame de, 103 Stephen, Leslie, 182 Stern, 192 f., 234 Stirner, 179 n. Stoics, 21, 35-9, 54, 57, 237

Taoism, 37 Telesio, 62 Thomasius, 95 Tindal, 93 Toland, 93 Tolstoi, 163

Unitarians, 93 Unold, 201 Utilitarianism, 80-83, 87-89, 107 109, 150-164, 166, 221, 232

Valentinus (Gnostic), 125 n. Venturini, 94, 98 Voltaire, 89, 90, 93, 122

Wieland, 89 Wollaston, 86 Wolff, 93, 124 Wundt, 182, 233

Xenophanes, 32 Xenophon, 33, 39

Yang-tse, 179, 236

Zarathustra, 21, 27 f., 179, 231 Zelter, 91 Zeno, 36 f., 54, 57 Zwingli, 92