Chapter VII · Notes
C. T. (Charles Thomas) Campion translation
12 D. Hartley: Observations on Man, his Frame, his Duty, and his Expectations (1749; 6th ed., 1834).
13 D. von Holbach: Système de la nature ou des lois du monde physique et du monde moral (1770).
14 Thomas Hobbes: Elementa philosophica de cive (1642); Leviathan, or the Matter, Form, and Authority of Government (1651); De homine.
15 John Locke: An Essay concerning Human Understanding (2 vols., 1690).
16 Adrien Helvetius: Traité de l’Esprit (1758).
17 Jeremy Bentham: An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1780). E. Dumont (1759-1828) of Geneva, an admirer of Bentham who was domiciled in England, reproduced this work in French in a free abbreviation as Traités de législation civile et pénale (1802). Frederick Edward Beneke followed this abbreviation when he produced a German translation with the title: Grundsätze der Civil- und Criminalgesetzgebung (1830).
18 Translator’s Note.—German “enthusiastisches Handeln.” The explanatory periphrasis is added once for all, since “enthusiastic” implies a kind and degree of feeling which is not implied in these philosophical passages.
19 David Hume: A Treatise of Human Nature: Being an Attempt to introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects (1740). German translation by Heinrich Jacob (2 vols., 1791): Inquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (1751).
20 Adam Smith: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759); Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1770). German translation of The Theory of Moral Sentiments by L. Th. Kosegarten (1791). Adam Smith was Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow.
21 “L’amour de la gloire est inné dans les belles âmes; il n’y a qu’à l’animer, il n’y a que l’exciter, et des hommes qui végétaient jusqu’alors, enflammès par ce heureux instinct, vous paraîtront changés en demi-dieux.”—Œuvres de Frédéric le Grand, vol. ix., p. 98.
22 R. Cudworth: Intellectual System of the Universe (1678); Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality (postumous, 1731).
23 H. More: Enchiridium Ethicum (1667).
24 S. Clarke: A Discourse concerning the Unchangeable Obligations of Natural Religion, and the Truth and Certainty of the Christian Revelation (1706).
25 R. Cumberland: De legibus naturæ disquisitio philosophica (1672).
26 W. Wollaston: The Religion of Nature Delineated (1722).
27 Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times (3 vols., 1711). In the second volume there is included his ethical treatise entitled, Inquiry concerning Virtue or Merit, which appeared first, in 1699, independently. It was published in French in 1745 by Denis Diderot.
28 F. Hutcheson: An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (1725); A System of Moral Philosophy (1755, posthumous).
29 Joseph Butler: Fifteen Sermons upon Human Nature, or Man considered as a Moral Agent (1726).