III. MORPHOLOGY. (continued 2)

amęraamerám

amęrasamerátz

amęraamęran

auzíraauzirám

auzírasauzirátz

auzíraauzíran

187. Strong verbs of the -ī and the -uī classes regularly took their old conditional directly from the Latin pluperfect: fēcĕram ＞ fẹira, fŭĕram ＞ fọra, vīdĕram ＞ vira; habŭĕram ✱áβwĕram (§ 16, 2) ＞ ágra, pŏtŭĕram ＞ pǫgra, vŏlŭĕram ＞ vǫlgra, sapŭĕram ＞ sáubra sáupra (§ 65, P, 3). Of course the Latin pluperfect, and therefore the Provençal conditional, followed the shift of the perfect if it changed from one class to another: vēnī ＞ ✱vēnuī, hence ✱vēnŭĕram ＞ vẹngra. The inflection is as follows:—

fọraforámágraagrám

fọrasforátz foráságrasagrátz agrás

fọrafọranágraágran

1. Faire has féra (cf. feron) beside féira.

2. For sáupra, cf. § 148, (2), and § 184, (4), 1, and § 192.

3. Devér has beside dégra a form déura, evidently influenced by the new conditional, deuría.

4. Páisser, plazér have beside págra, plágra the forms paisséra, plazéra.

188. Strong verbs of the -sī class regularly form their old conditional on the same plan as the 3d pers. pl. of the preterit (§ 183): (dīxĕram) díra, cf. díron; (✱prēsĕram) prẹira, cf. prẹiron; (arsĕram) arsęra, cf. arsęron.

189. It will be noted that in all verbs, weak and strong, the old conditional may be constructed from the 3d pers. pl. of the preterit by changing -on to -a.

Imperfect Subjunctive.

190. The Provençal imperfect subjunctive came from the Latin pluperfect subjunctive, which in Vulgar Latin assumed the functions of the imperfect and generally displaced it, its own place having been taken by a compound form: see § 141, (2).

191. For weak verbs the basis was the contracted form of the first and fourth conjugations (amāssem ＜ amāvĭssem, audīssem ＜ audīvĭssem); weak verbs of third conjugation had a similar analogical form (✱vēndęssem). First conjugation verbs substituted ę for á, as in the perfect and the old conditional: § 175, (4); § 186. The Provençal types are: amęs, vendęs, auzís. The inflection is:

amęsamessẹmauzísauzissẹm

amęssesamessẹtz -ẹsauzíssesauzissẹtz -ẹs

amęsamęssen -on -oauzísauzíssen -on -o

192. Strong verbs regularly made their imperfect directly from the Vulgar Latin form of the pluperfect: fecĭssem ＞ fezẹs, fŭĭssem ✱fŭssem ＞ fọs, vidĭssem ＞ vezẹs, venĭssem ✱venuĭssem ＞ venguẹs; dixĭssem ＞ dissẹs, ✱pre(n)sĭssem ＞ prezẹs; habuĭssem ＞ aguẹs, potuĭssem ＞ poguẹs, voluĭssem ＞ volguẹs, sapuĭssem ＞ saubẹs saupẹs (§ 65, P, 3). The inflection is:—

fọsfossẹmaguẹsaguessẹm, acsẹm

fọssesfossẹtz -ẹsaguẹssesaguessẹtz -ẹs, acsẹtz -ẹs

fọsfọssen -on -oaguẹsaguẹssen -on -o

1. The syncopated forms in the 1st and 2d pers. pl. are common to the -uī class: decsém, iacsém, pocsém, saupsém.

2. In the 3d pers. pl. -an sometimes takes the place of -en or -on: mezéssan, saubéssan. This ending is doubtless borrowed from the present subjunctive and the old conditional.

3. Vezér has vis beside vezés. From faire we find in the 3d pers. pl. fésson.

4. Metre has mezés, due, no doubt, to the analogy of mes and of prezés.

193. Some dialects have an ending -a, -as, -a, -ám, -átz, an, borrowed from the present subjunctive and the old conditional, but added to the stem of the imperfect subjunctive: chantęssa, vendęssa, floríssa; fọssa.