INDEX (continued 2)

Sloane, Prof., cited, ii, 273 n., 278 n.

Smalbroke, ii, 173

Smith, Adam, ii, 178, 185, 186, 187 sq., 196, 244

—— Bosworth, i, 253 n.

—— Elisha, cited, ii, 159

—— Henry, ii, 5

—— John, ii, 81

—— Joseph, ii, 156

—— S., i, 6

—— Sydney, ii, 386 sq.

—— W. Robertson, i, 51, 103; ii, 433

Smyrna, ancient, i, 124

Social causation, i, 91 sq., 113, 246, 269, 354–55, 365 sq.; ii, 146, 151, 170 sq., 178, 200, 386 sq., 391 sq.

Socialism, ii, 411 sq.

Socinianism, i, 392; ii, 35, 37, 106 sq., 138, 151, 488. See Unitarianism

Sociology, i, 375; ii, 468 sq.

Sokrates, i, 153, 160, 168 sq.; ii, 288

Solano, ii, 373

Solomon, i, 101, 242

—— ben Gebirol, i, 316

Somers, ii, 112

Somerset, Duke of, ii, 403

Sophia, Princess, ii, 363

Sophists, the, i, 168

Sophocles, i, 127 n., 148, 162 n.

Sorbonne, the, i, 384, 429; ii, 125, 260, 264

Sorcery, belief in, i, 22

Sorel, cited, ii, 351

Soury, cited, ii, 267

South Africa, freethought in, ii, 417

South America, freethought in, ii, 407

South, Dean, ii, 92–93, 114

Southey, ii, 396 n., 444, 445

South Place Institute, ii, 413 sq.

Southwell, ii, 394, 408

Sozzini, the, i, 392, 421, 467, 468; ii, 37 sq.

Spain, culture history of, i, 268 sq., 337 sq., 470 sq.; ii, 38 sq., 372 sq., 387 sq.; freethought in, i, 338 sq., 470 sq.; ii, 372 sq., 406; Moors in, i, 268 sq., 338; ii, 38; Reformation in, i, 413

Spalding, ii, 318, 422

Speirs, Rev. E., ii, 470 n.

Spencer and Gillen, i, 32, 93

—— J., ii, 102, 249

—— H., ii, 403, 450, 467, 487

Spenser, ii, 45 n., 499

Speusippos, i, 184

Spiegel, cited, i, 68 n.

Spina, Alfonso, i, 370 n., 376

Spinoza, i, 4, 16, 316, 464; ii, 29, 97, 107, 127, 129, 133 sq.; and Toland, ii, 148, 253, 489; and Leibnitz, ii, 289 sq.

Spinozism, ii, 129, 131, 135, 138, 168, 297, 347–48, 349 n., 352, 400

“Spirit of Liberty,” the sect, i, 337

Spirituales, the sect, i, 2, 445

Sprat, i, 4

Sprenger, cited, i, 249 n., 250 n.

Squier, cited, ii, 407

Stafford, W., ii, 368 n.

Stähelin, i, 392 n.

Stahl, ii, 460

Stancari, i, 425

Stanhope, Dr., ii, 98

—— Lady Hester, ii, 206

Stationers’ Company, ii, 99

Statius, i, 211

Stäudlin, i, 12; ii, 345

Stebbing, ii, 173

Steele, ii, 151

Steinbart, ii, 317

Steinbuhler, ii, 330

Steno, ii, 463 n.

Stephen Battory, King, i, 426

—— Sir J., cited, i, 356 n.; ii, 179, 251

—— Sir Leslie, i, 13; ii, 403, 408; cited, ii, 104, 153 n., 161 n., 168, 251; criticized, ii, 148 n., 150 n., 155, 171, 172 sq., 179 n., 203 n., 251

Sterling, i, 478 n.

Stesichoros, i, 128

Stevenson, R. L., cited, i, 46

Stewart, H. F., cited, i, 246–47

—— Sir J., ii, 181 n.

Stillingfleet, i, 4; ii, 83, 87, 91, 109, 168

Stilpo, i, 183

Stirling, Dr. H., ii, 474

“Stirner, Max,” ii, 478

Stoicism, i, 180, 203, 209, 215, 352, 392

Stosch, ii, 297

Stout, Sir R., ii, 501

Stow, cited, ii, 5 n., 23 n.

Strabo, i, 173 n., 180 n., 191

Strannik, cited, ii, 413 n.

Strasburg Cathedral, i, 361 n.

Strato, i, 184

Strauss, ii, 415, 423 sq., 425 sq., 428 sq., 432, 439, 447, 474, 476

Strigolniks, the, ii, 363

Strindberg, ii, 418

Stromer, ii, 418

Strowsky, cited, i, 393 n., 480 n., 481, 483 n.; ii, 117 n.

Struensee, ii, 361 sq.

Strutt, ii, 166, 194

Stuart, Dean, ii, 81

Stubbs, Bishop, cited, i, 341, 433, 439 n.

Stuckenberg, cited, ii, 339, 341, 343

Studemund, cited, ii, 411, 412

Suarez, i, 363; ii, 282

Suckling, Sir J., ii, 31

Sudan, magic and religion in, i, 46

Suetonius, i, 212, 213

Sufîism, i, 265, 273

Sulla, i, 206 n.

Sully, Prof., cited, i, 42

Sun-Gods, worship of, i, 69, 73, 78, 89, 102, 124, 153

Sunnites, the, i, 254

Svedberg, ii, 359

Sweden, culture history of, ii, 354 sq., 417 sq.

Swedenborg, ii, 358 sq.

Swift, i, 167; ii, 151 sq.; cited, i, 7

Swinburne, ii, 452 sq., 502

Switzerland, reformation in, i, 2, 410, 438 sq.; freethought in, ii, 378 sq., 416; bigotry in, ii, 415 sq.

Sykes, A. A., ii, 173; quoted, ii, 192–93

Sylvanus, i, 280

Sylvester II, i, 301 n.

—— Bernard, i, 312

Symonds, J. A., cited, i, 365 n., 410

Synge, ii, 154 n., 189

Tabari, cited, i, 257 n.

Taborites, the, i, 418

Tacitus, i, 212, 213

Tailhé, ii, 221

Taillandier, cited, i, 284

Taine, ii, 144, 443, 484

Talbot, A. H., i, 264 n.

Talfourd, ii, 395

Talmud, thought in, i, 116, 221; criticism of, i, 379

Tamerlane, i, 260

Tammuz, i, 101

Tanquelin, i, 295

Taouism, i, 87

Tarde, ii, 326, 380

Tasmanians, religion of, i, 100

Tatian, i, 227

Tau, i, 84, 87

Tauler, i, 362

Tayler, ii, 415

Taylor, Jeremy, ii, 74, 101

—— Robert, ii, 394

Tegnér, ii, 417

Telesio, ii, 64

Tell-el-Amarna, i, 73

Teller, ii, 318

Templars, the Knights, i, 340, 356–58

Temple, Sir W., ii, 87, 111

Ten Brink, cited, ii, 34

Ten, theories of, i, 150

Tenison, ii, 98

Tenneman, cited, ii, 108

Tennyson, ii, 101 n., 452

Teodori, i, 411

Tercier, ii, 236

Terrasson, ii, 221

Tertullian, i, 150 n., 229, 232, 235, 244

Tetens, ii, 346

Tetzel, i, 406

Teuffel, i, 194–95, 197

Texte, cited, ii, 165

Thacker, Elias, ii, 5

Thackeray, ii, 451

Thales, i, 135 sq.

Thallos, i, 80

Thamamians, the, i, 266 n.

Theagenes, i, 152

Theal, cited, i, 22; ii, 417

Theil, M. du, ii, 255

Theodora, i, 245

Theodore of Mopsuestia, i, 242

Theodoric, i, 246, 247

Theodoros, i, 183

Theodosius II, i, 239

Theodotos, i, 229

Theophilanthropy, ii, 382

Theophrastos, i, 186

Thiébault, ii, 270 n., 313 n.

Thierrys, the two, ii, 442

Thirlwall, ii, 469; cited, i, 27, 121 n., 173

Thirty-nine Articles, the, i, 460

Thirty Years’ War, ii, 75, 295, 300

Tholuck, i, 12; ii, 423; cited, ii, 249, 296, 301, 305 sq., 311

Thomas Aquinas, i, 318 sq., 359, 360; ii, 282

Thomas à Kempis, i, 363

Thomas, Dr. R. H., ii, 384 n.

—— A. L., ii, 258, 291

Thomasius, Jenkin, i, 11; ii, 298; cited, ii, 69 n., 296

—— Christian, ii, 302 sq.

Thompson, F., ii, 453

Thomson, B., cited, i, 36 n., 41 n.

—— J., ii, 452

Thonga, the, i, 25, 34

Thonrakians, i, 280 n.

Thoreau, ii, 453

Thoth, i, 110

Thotmes III, i, 75

Thrakians, the, i, 121 n., 157

Thukydides, i, 156 n., 173

Thunder-Gods, i, 97

Tiberius, i, 213

Ticknor, cited, i, 341

Tiele, cited, i, 66, 69–70, 71; criticized, i, 46–47, 60, 71

Tielenus, ii, 70

Tii, Queen, i, 74, 75

Tilley, A. A., cited, i, 428

Tillotson, ii, 88, 113

Tindal, ii, 152, 158, 174, 175, 306

Tithes, ii, 20–21

Tocco, i, 13

Tocqueville, de, cited, ii, 126 n., 254

Toland, i, 6; ii, 98–99, 132, 147 sq., 174, 175

Toleration, beginnings of, in England, ii, 24, 77; Bayle and, ii, 140; beginnings of, in France, ii, 221, 231, 233, 291; in Germany, ii, 312

Töllner, ii, 319

Tolstoy, i, 419; ii, 457

Toltecs, the, i, 88

Tomkyns, Martin, ii, 201

Tonga Islands, freethought in, i, 38

Torild, ii, 360

Torquemada, i, 342

Torricelli, ii, 365

Torture, ecclesiastical, i, 321–22

Totemism and Greek philosophy, i, 139–40

Toulmin, G. H., ii, 201

—— Joshua, ii, 202

Tourguénief, ii, 456 sq.

Tourneur, ii, 20

Towers, ii, 82

Toy, ii, 420

Tractarianism, ii, 437 sq.

Tracy, cited, ii, 492

Transubstantiation, i, 286, 428

Transvaal, freethought in, ii, 416

Trapezuntios, i, 372

Trapp, ii, 198

Travers, ii, 14

Trebonian, i, 245

Tregelles, ii, 438

Trenchard, ii, 152

Triads, i, 69

Tribbechov, i, 11; ii, 298

Trie, i, 449

Trinity, dogma of, i, 77, 226, 231, 242, 286, 307, 312, 421, 425, 447; ii, 339, 444, 487 sq. See Unitarianism

Trinius, i, 11

Trouvères and Troubadours, i, 300 sq., 326, 361

Trumpp, cited, ii, 497

Turgot, ii, 221, 244, 254, 260, 276 n., 288

Turkey, civilization of, ii, 497 sq.; freethought in, i, 272; ii, 497 sq.

Turlupins, i, 333

Turner, ii, 201

Turpin, ii, 291

Turrettini, the, i, 458; ii, 225, 378 sq.

Twelve, sacred number, i, 97, 124 n.

Twofold truth, doctrine of, i, 271, 321, 346, 360, 361, 377, 478; ii, 28, 108, 134

Tylor, Sir E., ii, 470 sq.; cited, i, 22, 31

Tyndale, cited, i, 3

Tyrannos, i, 125 n.

Tyrrell, i, 166

Tyrwhitt, i, 165

Tyssot de Patot, ii, 214, 227

Ubaldini, i, 325 n.

Ubicini, cited, ii, 497 n.

Ueberweg, quoted, i, 176–77, 284, 309

Uhlich, ii, 410

Uitenbogaert, i, 463

Uladislaus II, i, 419

Ullmann, i, 249 n.

Ulrich von Hutten, i, 403, 404 n., 406, 438

Undereyck, ii, 298

Underhill, E. B., ii, 77 n.

Unitarianism, early, i, 242, 328, 404, 447 sq.; in England, i, 459; ii, 12, 21, 77, 83, 106 sq., 153–54, 161, 179, 201 sq., 413, 414 sq., 471; in Germany, i, 435 sq.; in Hungary, i, 420; in Ireland, ii, 188; in Poland, i, 424 sq.; ii, 36 sq., 159 sq.; in Scotland, ii, 208–209; in Italy, i, 468; in Holland, ii, 35; in Switzerland, ii, 378 sq., 415; in America, ii, 385, 413

United States, freethought in, ii, 381 sq., 411, 419; German freethinkers in, ii, 411

Universalism, ancient, i, 50, 63, 77, 79

Universities, low ebb of culture in, ii, 195; French, i, 355; German, i, 404, 416, 455; Swiss, i, 447

Upanishads, philosophy of, i, 52 sq.

Urban VIII, ii, 59

Urstitius, ii, 42

Urwick, ii, 82 n.

Usury and the Church, i, 295, 342 n.

Utilitarianism, i, 215; ii, 194

“Utilitarian Associations,” ii, 418

Vair, Guillaume du, i, 393

Valentinus, i, 228

—— Gentilis, i, 451, 453

Valerius Maximus, i, 175

Valla, Lorenzo, i, 366–67, 377

Vallée, i, 391

Vambéry, cited, i, 273; ii, 498 n.

Van den Ende, ii, 134

Vandeul, Mme. de, ii, 271

Vanini, i, 21, 475; ii, 51 sq.

Van Manen, ii, 424

Van Mildert, i, 14, 15

Van Vloten, i, 254 n.

Varro, i, 195, 203 n.

Varuna, i, 49 sq.

Vasari, cited, i, 370 n.

Vassor, ii, 145

Vater, ii, 423

Vatke, ii, 474

Vaudois, the, i, 298, 388

Vaughan, cited, ii, 79

Vauvenargues, ii, 246

Vedanta, i, 55

Vedas, i, 29, 48; translations of, i, 30 n.; skepticism in, i, 30, 49–50; attacks on, i, 52–53

Vejento, i, 213

Velasquez, ii, 40

Venus Cloacina, i, 82

Verbalism, Greek, i, 146–47

Vergilius, St., i, 282, 368

Verlaine, ii, 443

Vernes, Maurice, i, 108

Vernet, Jacob, ii, 225

Veron, John, i, 459

Verrall, i, 162–63; ii, 94

Viau, ii, 122

Vickers, K. H., cited, i, 397

Vico, i, 26 n., 375; ii, 365 sq., 468

Vigilantius, i, 239, 298 n.

Villani, G., i, 322

Villanueva, Dr. J., ii, 372

Villari, cited, i, 372, 408

Villemain, ii, 217

Villeneuve, Marquis de, ii, 278 n.

Vincent, J. M., cited, i, 438

Vinci, Leonardo da, i, 370; ii, 463

Virchow, ii, 436

Viret, i, 466

Virgil, i, 204, 209

Virgin-Mother-Goddess, i, 88, 225

Vives, i, 470

Voelkel, ii, 35

Vogt, ii, 479 n.

Volkmar, ii, 427, 436

Volney, ii, 244, 274, 401, 468

Volta, ii, 371

Voltaire, i, 21, 133, 277, 323, 329; ii, 113, 143 n., 147 n., 157, 159, 164 n., 165, 196, 197, 198, 199, 213 n., 220, 222 sq., 227 sq., 237 sq., 246, 252 sq., 256, 257 sq., 263, 273, 284, 291, 431, 468; cited, i, 6; ii, 236, 248, 273 n., 379, 380

Vorstius, ii, 22

Voulté, i, 388

Voyage de Robertson, ii, 241

Voysey, ii, 413

Vroes, ii, 225, 238

Wadia, Prof., ii, 288 n.

Wagner, Richard, ii, 456

—— Tobias, ii, 298

Wahabi sect, i, 275

Waitz, ii, 470

Walckenaer, ii, 145, 468 n.

Waldenses, i, 298, 338, 411, 415

Waldus, i, 298

Walid, i, 256

Wallace, A. R., ii, 465

—— Dr. Robert, ii, 185

—— Prof. W., cited, i, 182 n., 183 n.

Wallis, Dr., ii, 114

Walpole, ii, 171

Walsh, Rev. W., ii, 413

Walter von der Vogelweide, i, 362

Walther, cited, ii, 295

Walwyn, ii, 79

War in South Africa, effect of, ii, 417

—— religious, i, 338, 392

—— and English deism, ii, 170–71

—— and German, 501

Warburton, ii, 156, 166, 173, 339 n., 353 n.

Ward, Mrs. Humphry, ii, 451

—— Lester, ii, 469

—— Rev. R., ii, 89 n.

Warren, Albertus, ii, 90

Warton, cited, ii, 166

Warville, ii, 244

Washington, ii, 382 sq.

Wasil Ibn Attâ, i, 254

Waterland, ii, 116 n., 158, 173

Wathek, Khalif, i, 258

Watkinson, Archdeacon, cited, ii, 203 n.

Watson, Bishop, ii, 210, 253, 384, 392

—— W., ii, 453

Watts, C., i, 11

—— H. E., cited, ii, 40

—— Isaac, ii, 90, 201–202

Wazon, Bishop, i, 294

Weber, A., cited, i, 45, 52 n., 54, 55 n., 56

—— Em., ii, 298

Wedderburn, ii, 393

Wegscheider, ii, 423, 424, 432

Weigall, A. E. P., cited, i, 74

Weisse, ii, 427

Weizsäcker, ii, 435

Wellhausen, ii, 433, 436; quoted, i, 104, 136

Wen, Emperor, i, 86

Wenderborn, cited, ii, 205 n.

Werner, ii, 462

Wesley, ii, 195; cited, ii, 381 n.

Wesleyanism, ii, 195

Westphalia, Peace of, ii, 295

Wette, de, ii, 167, 423, 431

Wheeler, J. M., i, 11

Whewell, ii, 465; cited, ii, 30 n., 74, 105

Whinfield, i, 264 n., 265

Whiston, ii, 151, 153–54, 161, 176

White, A. D., i, 14, 42, 457 n.; ii, 467

—— Thomas, ii, 102

Whitehead, ii, 167

Whitfield, ii, 195

Whitman, ii, 453

Whittaker, T., i, 108, 187; ii, 43 n., 45 n., 49 n.

Wiclif, i, 334, 349 sq., 394, 416; ii, 280

Wieland, ii, 329

Wielmacker, ii, 2

Wier, i, 479; ii, 33, 138

Wightman, ii, 21, 23

Wilamowitz, i, 125 n.

Wilberforce, ii, 393, 451; cited, ii, 205–206

—— Bishop, ii, 465

Wilcke, ii, 427

Wildman, ii, 78

Wilkes, ii, 200

Wilkins, Bishop, ii, 87, 88

“Will to believe,” i, 16, 176, 360

William of Auvergne, i, 319 n.

—— of Conches, i, 312

—— of Occam, i, 354, 358–59; ii, 283

—— of St. Amour, i, 334

Williams, David, ii, 203

—— Rowland, cited, i, 114 n.

—— Speaker, cited, i, 467

—— T., cited, i, 24

Willich, cited, ii, 311

Wilson, H. H., cited, i, 58

Winchell, ii, 420

Winckler, ii, 434

Wireker, i, 361 n.

Wisdom of Solomon, i, 116

Wise, ii, 98, 165 n.

Wislicenus, ii, 410

Witchcraft, belief in, i, 376, 390, 402, 449; ii, 19, 33, 81, 101, 102, 372 n.; assailed, i, 479; ii, 4, 33, 67, 138

Witt, John de, ii, 134

Witty, John, ii, 115

Wolf, F. A., ii, 368

Wolff and Wolffianism, ii, 305 sq., 312, 337

—— Elizabeth, ii, 352

Wolfius, ii, 298

Wollstonecraft, Mary, ii, 101 n., 207–208, 275 n.

Wolseley, Sir C., ii, 87, 90, 98

Wolsey, Cardinal, i, 432, 458

Women, freethought among, i, 374 n., 389; ii, 124 n., 207–208, 223 n., 253, 499–500; orthodoxy among, ii, 171; position of early Christian, i, 245; exclusion of, from sacra, i, 196; in Bâbism, i, 274; community of, i, 418

Wood, Anthony à, cited, ii, 12, 96 n.

Woodrow, ii, 420

Woodward, ii, 115, 176–77

Woolston, ii, 157, 159

Woort, ii, 2

Wordsworth, ii, 444

—— Bishop, cited, ii, 404

Wright, Frances, ii, 499

—— Susanna, ii, 394 n.

Wriothesley, cited, i, 389

Writing, antiquity of, i, 105 n., 194

Xenophanes, i, 136, 141–42, 144

Xenophon, i, 199

Yahweh, i, 97, 101, 103, 104 sq., 114

Yâska, i, 52

Yazur Veda, i, 54

Yeats, ii, 453

Yezid III, i, 256

Young, ii, 172

Yuncas, the, i, 90

Yvon, Abbé, i, 235

Zaid, i, 248, 249

Zanchi, i, 467

Zapoyla, i, 420

Zarathustra, i, 67, 68

Zebrzydowski, i, 424

Zeller, ii, 416, 426, 434; cited, i, 171 n.

Zephaniah, i, 114

Zendavesta, i, 67

Zendēkism (Arab atheism), i, 249 sq., 256

Zeno (the elder), i, 136, 146

—— (the Stoic), i, 180 sq., 186

Zeus, i, 124, 130 sq.

Ziska, i, 417 sq.

Zola, ii, 442, 443 n.

Zollikofer, ii, 318

Zoroastrianism, i, 68

Zosimus, i, 245

Zulus, freethought among, i, 38

Zwicker, ii, 35–6, 114, 137

Zwingli, i, 408, 420, 440