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A Hand-book to the Primates, Volume 2 (of 2)

Front matter (continued 5)

Reading edition

Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper

Lemuroidea.

Chiromyidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tarsiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — 1 2

Megaladapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Lemuridæ — — — — — — — — — — — 2 2

Anaptomorphidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Adapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anthropoidea.

Hapalidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cebidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cercopithecidæ — — — — — — — 3 — 2 — 4 42

Simiidæ — — — — — — — 2 — — 1 2 8

Hominidæ — — — — — — — — — — 1 1 1

LEMUROIDEA. PLATE XLII.

Plate XLII.
Plate XLII.

I. MAP, Showing the distribution of Living (Blue) and Fossil (Red) Lemuroidea.

LEMUROIDEA. PLATE XLIII.

Plate XLIII.
Plate XLIII.

II. MAP, Showing the distribution of the Family Tarsiidæ (Blue), and the Sub-family Galaginæ (Red) of the Lemuridæ.

D. Australian Region.

Tertiary. POST- TERTIARY. NOW LIVING.

EOCENE. MIOCENE. PLIOCENE.

Pleistocene
Pleistocene
Recent
Recent
Genus
Genus
Species
Species
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper

Lemuroidea.

Chiromyidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tarsiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1

Megaladapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Lemuridæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anaptomorphidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Adapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anthropoidea.

Hapalidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cebidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cercopithecidæ — — — — — — — — — — — 3 4

Simiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Hominidæ — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1

E. Nearctic Region.

Tertiary. POST- TERTIARY. NOW LIVING.

EOCENE. MIOCENE. PLIOCENE.

Pleistocene
Pleistocene
Recent
Recent
Genus
Genus
Species
Species
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper

Lemuroidea.

Chiromyidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tarsiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Megaladapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Lemuridæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anaptomorphidæ 3 1 — — — — — — — — — — —

Adapidæ 8 8 1 1 — — — — — — — — —

Anthropoidea.

Hapalidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cebidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Cercopithecidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Simiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Hominidæ — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1

F. Neotropical Region.

Tertiary. POST- TERTIARY. NOW LIVING.

EOCENE. MIOCENE. PLIOCENE.

Pleistocene
Pleistocene
Recent
Recent
Genus
Genus
Species
Species
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper
Lower
Lower
Middle
Middle
Upper
Upper

Lemuroidea.

Chiromyidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Tarsiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Megaladapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Lemuridæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anaptomorphidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Adapidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Anthropoidea.

Hapalidæ — — — — — — — — — 1 1 2 22

Cebidæ — — 4 — — — — — — 7 — 10 65

Cercopithecidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Simiidæ — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Hominidæ — — — — — — — ? — 1 1 1 1

The above tables show that during the Eocene epoch of the Tertiary Period the Lemuroidea were confined to the Palæarctic and Nearctic Regions; and, if the geological record were more perfect, we should probably find that they were distributed across the greater part of the Northern Hemisphere, which at that period was sub-tropical in climate. Outside these two regions no Lemuroid remains have been found after the close of the Eocene (with the exception of the solitary Lower Miocene genus Laopithecus) till the Recent Period, when the superficial deposits of Madagascar have yielded the sub-fossil Megaladapis madagascariensis and a large undescribed species (probably of a new genus) of Lemuridæ, both of which may have been living in the historic period. At the present day Lemuroids are unknown in either the Palæarctic or Nearctic Regions, and, with the exception of four species, none are now found outside the Ethiopian Region.

The Anthropoidea, on the other hand, first appear in the Neotropical Region, in the upper Eocene, but the age of the Santa Cruz formation, in which the remains occur, has not yet been settled with certainty. In the Eastern Hemisphere they appear in the Mid-Miocene, and continue through the Pliocene, the Pleistocene and Recent deposits. As yet no remains have been found in the Nearctic Region, where Lemuroid remains occur so abundantly.

The subjoined tables indicate the number of species in each of the six great Zoo-Geographical Regions, followed by others showing those peculiar to, and those living and fossil in, the various sub-divisions of these Regions:—

A. B. C. D. E. F.

Palæarctic Region. Ethiopian Region. Indian Region. Australian Region. Nearctic Region. Neotropical Region.

LEMUROIDEA.

Chiromyidæ.

Chiromys — 1 — — — —

Tarsiidæ.

Tarsius — — 2 1 — —

Megaladapidæ.

Megaladapis — 1 — — — —

Lemuridæ.

Perodicticus — 2 — — — —

Loris — — 1 — — —

Nycticebus — — 1 — — —

Galago — 6 — — — —

Chirogale — 3 — — — —

Microcebus — 5 — — — —

Opolemur — 2 — — — —

Lemur — 8 — — — —

Mixocebus — 1 — — — —

Hapalemur — 2 — — — —

Lepidolemur — 7 — — — —

Gen. ined. — 1 — — — —

Avahis — 1 — — — —

Propithecus — 4 — — — —

Indris — 1 — — — —

Anaptomorphidæ.

Microchærus 7 — — — — —

Mixodectes — — — — 2 —

Cynodontomys — — — — 1 —

Omomys — — — — 1 —

Anaptomorphus — — — — 3 —

Plesiadapis 4 — — — — —

Protoadapis 2 — — — — —

Adapidæ.

Adapis 5 — — — 1 —

Tomitherium — — — — 1 —

Laopithecus — — — — 2 —

Pelycodus 1 — — — 4 —

Microsyops — — — — 3 —

Hyopsodus 1 — — — 6 —

Opisthotomus — — — — ? —

Apheliscus — — — — ? —

Sarcolemur — — — — ? —

Hipposyus — — — — ? —

Bathrodon — — — — ? —

Mesacodon — — — — ? —

Stenacodon — — — — ? —

ANTHROPOIDEA.

Hapalidæ.

Hapale — — — — — 8

Midas — — — — — 140

Cebidæ.

Chrysothrix — — — — — 4

Callithrix — — — — — 130

Nyctipithecus — — — — — 5

Brachyurus — — — — — 3

Pithecia — — — — — 5

Alouatta — — — — — 6

Cebus — — — — — 190

Lagothrix — — — — — 2

Brachyteles — — — — — 1

Ateles — — — — — 100

Protopithecus — — — — — 1

Homunculus — — — — — 1

Anthropops — — — — — 1

? Homocentrus — — — — — 1

? Eudiastus — — — — — 1

Cercopithecidæ.

Papio 1 110 2 — — —

Theropithecus — 1 — — — —

Cynopithecus — — 1 1 — —

Oreopithecus 1 — — — — —

Macacus 8 — 140 2 — —

Dolichopithecus 1 — — — — —

Mesopithecus 1 — — — — —

Cercocebus — 6 — — — —

Cercopithecus — 410 — — — —

Colobus 1 100 — — — —

Semnopithecus 1 — 310 — — —

Nasalis — — 1 — — —

Simiidæ.

Pliopithecus 1 — — — — —

Hylobates 1 — 7 — — —

Dryopithecus 1 — — — — —

Simia — — 1 — — —

Gorilla — 1 — — — —

Anthropopithecus — 2 1 — — —

The following is a sketch of the past and present distribution of the Primates in the different Sub-regions and Provinces recognised by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe in his paper on the "Zoo-Geographical Areas of the World" already referred to.

The black type indicates extinct or fossil species. The names of species peculiar to a certain area are printed in ordinary type, and those which are common to two or more areas are indicated by italics.

A. PALÆARCTIC REGION.

A1. ARCTIC SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

A2. EURASIAN SUB-REGION.

A2. α. EUROPEAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — 3 Peculiar genera — 3

,, species — 200 ,, species — 9

The following species formerly existed in the Province:—

LEMUROIDEA.

1. Michrochærus antiquus. 2. M. erinaceus. 3. M. edwardsi. 4. M. parvulus. 5. M. zitteli. 6. M. armatus. 7. M. (Cryptopithecus) siderolithicus. 8. Plesiadapis remensis. 9. P. gervaisi. 10. P. tournesarti. 11. P. daubrei. 12. Protoadapis crassicuspidens. 13. P. recticuspidens. 14. Adapis parisiensis. 15. A. lemuroides. 16. A. magna. 17. A. augustidens. 18. A. minor. 19. Pelycodus helveticus. 20. Hyopsodus jurensis.

ANTHROPOIDEA.

1. Macacus priscus. 2. M. pliocenus. 3. M. suevicus. 4. Dolichopithecus ruscinensis. 5. Colobus grandævus. 6. Pliopithecus antiquus. 7. P. chantrei. 8. Hylobates sp. 9. Dryopithecus fontani.

A2. β. EAST SIBERIAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera absent Peculiar genera absent

,, species ,, ,, species ,,

A3. MANCHURIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 2 —

In this Sub-region the following species are found at the present day:—

1. Macacus fuscatus. 2. M. tcheliensis.

A4. MEDITERRANEO-ASIATIC SUB-REGION.

A4. α. MEDITERRANEAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — 2

,, species — — ,, species 1 6

The following species are characteristic of this Province:—

1. Papio atlanticus. 2. Oreopithecus bambolii. 3. Macacus inuus (living and fossil). 4. M. florentinus. 5. M. trarensis. 6. Mesopithecus pentelici. 7. Semnopithecus monspessulanus.

A4. β. MEDITERRANEO-PERSIC PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera absent Peculiar genera absent

,, species ,, ,, species ,,

A4. γ. MONGOLIAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

B. ETHIOPIAN REGION.

B1. SAHARAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

B2. SOUDANESE SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 3 —

In this Sub-region the following species appear to be found:—

1. Galago senegalensis. 2. G. demidoffi. 3. Papio maimon. 4. P. babuin. 5. P. sphinx. 6. P. hamadryas. 7. Cercopithecus sabæus. 8. C. neglectus. 9. C. patas. 10. C. pyrrhonotus.

B3. WEST AFRICAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera 1 — Peculiar genera 2 —

,, species 4 — ,, species 370 —

In this Sub-region the following species occur:—

1. Perodicticus calabarensis. 2. P. potto. 3. Galago alleni. 4. G. demidoffi. 5. G. monteiri. 6. Papio maimon. 7. P. leucophæus. 8. P. babuin. 9. P. anubis. 10. P. sphinx. 11. Cercocebus fuliginosus. 12. C. æthiops. 13. C. albigena. 14. C. aterrimus. 15. Cercopithecus petaurista. 16. C. signatus. 17. C. erythrogaster. 18. C. buettikoferi. 19. C. martini. 20. C. ludio. 21. C. melanogenys. 22. C. nictitans. 23. C. stampflii. 24. C. erythrotis. 25. C. cephus. 26. C. cynosurus. 27. C. callitrichus. 28. C. mona. 29. C. albigularis. 30. C. campbelli. 31. C. leucampyx. 32. C. grayi. 33. C. pogonias. 34. C. diana. 35. C. palatinus. 36. C. brazzæ. 37. C. talapoin. 38. C. nigripes. 39. C. wolfi. 40. Colobus verus. 41. C. ferrugineus. 42. C. satanas. 43. C. ursinus. 44. C. vellerosus. [?45. C. angolensis.] 46. C. guereza. 47. Gorilla gorilla. 48. Anthropopithecus niger. 49. A. calvus.

B4. ABYSSINIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera 1 —

,, species — — ,, species 5 —

This Sub-region is the habitat of the following species:—

1. Papio doguera. 2. P. babuin. 3. P. thoth. 4. P. hamadryas. 5. Theropithecus gelada. 6. T. obscurus. 7. Cercopithecus sabæus. 8. C. boutourlini. 9. Colobus guereza.

B5. EAST AFRICAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species 1 — ,, species 11 —

In this Sub-region occur the following species:—

1. Galago senegalensis. 2. G. garnetti. 3. G. crassicaudata. 4. Papio babuin. 5. P. ibeanus. 6. P. sphinx. 7. P. langheldi. 8. Cercocebus galeritus. 9. Cercopithecus rufo-viridis. 10. C. schmidti. 11. C. albigularis. 12. C. pygerythrus. 13. C. ochraceus. 14. C. stairsi. 15. C. moloneyi. 16. C. leucampyx. 17. Colobus rufo-mitratus. 18. C. kirki. 19. C. angolensis. 20. C. guereza. 21. C. caudatus.

B6. SOUTH-AFRICAN SUB-REGION.

α. CAPE PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 1 —

The following species inhabit this Province:—

1. Papio porcarius; Cercopithecus pygerythrus.

β. NATALESE PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 1 —

The following species occur within this Province:—

1. Galago senegalensis. 2. G. crassicaudata. 3. Cercopithecus pygerythrus. 4. C. albigularis. 5. C. samango.

B7. CAMERONIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

In this Sub-region the following species occur:—

1. Cercopithecus albigularis. 2. Colobus caudatus.

B8. LEMURIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera 12 2 Peculiar genera — —

,, species 34 2 ,, species 1 —

The following species are peculiar to this Sub-region:—

1. Chiromys madagascariensis; Chirogale, 4 species; Microcebus, 4 species; Opolemur, 2 species; Lemur, 8 species; Megaladapis madagascariensis; Gen. ined.; Mixocebus caniceps; Hapalemur, 2 species, Lepidolemur, 7 species; Avahis laniger; Propithecus, 3 species; Indris brevicaudatus.

C. INDIAN REGION.

C1. INDIAN-PENINSULAR SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera 1 — Peculiar genera — —

,, species 1 — ,, species 6 4

The following species are characteristic of this Sub-region:—

1. Loris gracilis. 2. Papio sub-himalayanus. 3. P. falconeri. 4. Macacus rhesus. 5. M. pileatus. 6. M. sinicus. 7. M. sivalensis. 8. Semnopithecus entellus.[4] 9. S. priamus. 10. S. hypoleucus. 11. S. cephalopterus. 12. S. palæindicus.

C2. INDO-MALAYAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera 2 —

,, species 1 — ,, species 190 —

LEMUROIDEA. PLATE XLIV.

Plate XLIV.
Plate XLIV.

III. MAP, Showing the distribution of the Family Chiromyidæ, and of the Sub-families Lemurinæ and Indrisinæ (Blue), and of the Lorisinæ (Red) of the Lemuridæ.

ANTHROPOIDEA PLATE XLV.

Plate XLV.
Plate XLV.

IV. MAP, Showing the distribution of Living (Blue) and Fossil (Red) Anthropoidea.

The following species are found in this Sub-region:—

1. Tarsius tarsius. 2. T. fuscus. 3. Nycticebus tardigradus. 4. Macacus rufescens. 5. M. nemestrinus. 6. M. cynomolegus. 7. Semnopithecus sabanus. 8. S. hosii. 9. S. thomasi. 10. S. everetti. 11. S. cruciger. 12. S. obscurus. 13. S. maurus. 14. S. femoralis. 15. S. rubicundus. 16. S. natunæ. 17. S. frontatus. 18. S. melanolophus. 19. S. mitratus. 20. Nasalis larvatus. 21. Hylobates agilis. 22. H. leuciscus. 23. H. lar. 24. H. syndactylus. 25. Simia satyrus.

C3. INDO-CHINESE SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 13 —

The following species inhabit this Sub-region:—

1. Nycticebus tardigradus. 2. Macacus leoninus. 3. M. rhesus. 4. M. sancti-johannis. 5. M. Cyclops. 6. M. cynomologus. 7. Semnopithecus barbii. 8. S. pileatus. 9. S. obscurus. 10. S. germaini. 11. S. phayrii. 12. S. nemæus. 13. S. nigripes. 14. S. siamensis.[5] 15. Hylobates agilis. 16. H. leucogenys. 17. H. hoolock. 18. H. lar. 19. H. hainanus.

C4. HIMALO-CHINESE SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 3 —

The following species occur in this Sub-region:—

1. Macacus arctoides. 2. M. lasiotis. 3. Semnopithecus roxellanæ. 4. S. schistaceus.

C5. HIMALO-MALAYAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 4 —

The following species occur in this Sub-region:—

1. Macacus arctoides. 2. M. assamensis. 3. M. silenus. 4. Semnopithecus johni. 5. S. ursinus.

D. AUSTRALIAN REGION.

D1. CELEBESIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 2 —

The following species are found within this Sub-region:—

1. Tarsius fuscus. 2. Cynopithecus niger. 3. Macacus maurus. 4. M. cynomologus.

D2. MOLUCCAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

Only one species is found in this Sub-region:—

Macacus cynomologus. (Timor; Lombock.)

D3. PAPUAN. D4. AUSTRALIAN. D5. NEW ZEALAND. D6. FIJIAN. D7. HAWAIAN SUB-REGIONS.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

Both orders are unknown in these Sub-regions.

E. NEARCTIC REGION.

E1. ARCTIC SUB-REGION.

α. ARCTIC PROVINCE.

1. Lemuroidea and Anthropoidea—recent and extinct—unknown.

β. ALASKAN ARCTIC PROVINCE.

1. Lemuroidea and Anthropoidea—recent and extinct—unknown.

E2. WARM TEMPERATE SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — 15 Peculiar genera — —

,, species — 30 ,, species — —

The following species have been found fossil in this Sub-region:—

1. Mixodectes pungens. 2. M. crassiusculus. 3. Cynodontomys latidens. 4. Omomys carteri. 5. Anaptomorphus æmulus. 6. A. homunculus. 7. Adapis tenebrosus. 8. Tomitherium rostratum. 9. Laopithecus robustus. 10. L. lemurinus. 11. Pelycodus jarrovii. 12. P. tutus. 13. P. frugivorus. 14. P. angulatus. 15. Microsyops spierianus. 16. M. elegans. 17. M. scottianus. 18. Hyopsodus acolytus. 19. H. paulus. 20. H. minusculus. 21. H. vicarius. 22. H. powellianus. 23. Indrodon sp. 24. Opisthotomus sp. 25. Apheliscus sp. 26. Sarcolemur sp. 27. Hipposyus sp. 28. Bathrodon sp. 29. Mesacodon sp. 30. Stenacodon sp.

E3. COLD TEMPERATE SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

Both the orders of Primates are absent from this Sub-region.

F. NEOTROPICAL REGION.

F1. ANTILLEAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

Both orders of the Primates are absent from this Sub-region.

F2. CENTRAL AMERICAN SUB-REGION.

α. MEXICAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species — —

The following species is recognised from this Province[6]:—

1. Ateles vellerosus.

β. ISTHMIAN PROVINCE.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 4 —

The following species are inhabitants of this Province:—

1. Midas rosalia. 2. M. geoffroyi. 3. Chrysothrix œrstedi. 4. Nyctipithecus rufipes. 5. Alouatta villosa. 6. A. palliata. 7. Cebus hypoleucus. 8. Ateles geoffroyi. 9. A. rufiventris. 10. A. ater. 11. A. vellerosus.

F3. SUB-ANDEAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — —

,, species — — ,, species 7 —

The following species are recorded as inhabiting this Sub-region:—

1. Hapale leucopus. 2. Midas rosalia. 3. M. geoffroyi. 4. M. œdipus. 5. Chrysothrix sciurea. 6. Callithrix ornata. 7. Nyctipithecus temurinus. 8. N. felinus. 9. Alouatta senicula. 10. Cebus hypoleucus. 11. C. fatuellus. 12. C. capucinus. 13. C. albifrons. 14. C. chrysopus. 15. Lagothrix lagothrix. 16. L. infumatus. 17. Ateles variegatus. 18. A. geoffroyi. 19. A. rufiventris. 20. A. ater. 21. A. fusciceps. 22. A. cucullatus.

F4. AMAZONIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera 2 —

,, species — — ,, species 340 —

The following species are found in this Sub-region:—

1. Hapale jacchus. 2. H. humeralifer. 3. H. chrysoleuca. 4. H. pygmæa. 5. H. melanura. 6. Midas labiatus. 7. M. rufiventer. 8. M. mystax. 9. M. pileatus. 10. M. weddelli. 11. M. nigricollis. 12. M. illigeri. 13. M. bicolor. 14. M. midas. 15. M. ursulus. 16. Chrysothrix sciurea. 17. C. usta. 18. Callithrix torquata. 19. C. cuprea. 20. C. amicta. 21. C. cinerascens. 22. C. personata. 23. C. nigrifrons. 24. C. castaneiventris. 25. Nyctipithecus trivirgatus. 26. N. lemurinus. 27. N. felinus. 28. Brachyurus melanocephalus. 29. B. rubicundus. 30. B. calvus. 31. Pithecia monachus. 32. P. pithecia. 33. P. satanas. 34. P. chiropotes. 35. P. albinasa. 36. Alouatta senicula. 37. A. beelzebul. 38. A. ursina. 39. Cebus monachus. 40. C. fatuellus. 41. C. cirrifer. 42. C. albifrons. 43. Lagothrix infumatus. 44. Ateles variegatus. 45. A. paniscus. 46. A. marginatus. 47. A. ater.

F5. BRAZILIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera 1 1

,, species — — ,, species 200 5

The following species are recorded from this Sub-region. In many cases, however, the habitat "Brazil" may be found to be erroneous, as it was often made, in olden days, to include Amazonia.

1. Hapale aurita. 2. H. melanura. 3. H. jacchus. 4. H. grandis. 5. Midas rosalia. 6. M. fuscicollis. 7. M. chrysopygus. 8. Chrysothrix usta. 9. C. entomophaga.[7] 10. Callithrix moloch. 11. C. castaneiventris. 12. C. melanochir. 13. C. gigot. 14. C. chlorocnomys. 15. C. primæva. 16. Nyctipithecus azaræ. 17. Alouatta nigra. 18. A. ursina. 19. Cebus lunatus. 20. C. flavus. 21. C. capucinus. 22. C. monachus. 23. C. variegatus. 24. C. robustus. 25. C. annellatus. 26. C. albifrons. 27. C. flavescens. 28. C. fatuellus. 29. C. cirrifer. 30. C. macrognathus. 31. C. vellerosus. 32. C. subcristatus. 33. C. capillatus. 34. C. azaræ. 35. Brachyteles arachnoides. 36. Protopithecus brasiliensis.

ANTHROPOIDEA PLATE XLVI.

Plate XLVI.
Plate XLVI.

V. MAP, Showing the distribution of the Families Hapalidæ (Red), and Cebidæ (Blue).

ANTHROPOIDEA PLATE XLVII.

Plate XLVII.
Plate XLVII.

VI. MAP, Showing the distributions of the Genera Papio, Theropithecus, Cynopithecus, Cercocebus and Cercopithecus (Blue), and Macacus (Red).

F6. PATAGONIAN SUB-REGION.

I. Lemuroidea. II. Anthropoidea.

Living. Extinct. Living. Extinct.

Peculiar genera — — Peculiar genera — 4

,, species — — ,, species — 4

The following fossil species have been recorded from this Sub-region:—

1. Homunculus patagonicus. 2. Anthropops perfectus. 3. Homocentrus argentinus. 4. Eudiastus lingulatus.

APPENDIX.

During the passage of this volume through the press, a good deal of additional material has come into the author's hands, while the results of important recent explorations have also been published. The following appendix has, therefore, been added to include the latest additions to our knowledge of the Anthropoids dealt with in its pages.

On page 82, the Talapoin (Cercopithecus talapoin) has been relegated to a group (and, indeed, it had been assigned by Geoffrey to a distinct genus—Miopithecus), in which it is the sole example on account of the supposed peculiarity of possessing but three tubercles on the posterior lower molar. A specimen which the author has recently examined shows that this character is not invariable, and the species should, therefore, in his opinion, be transferred to among the Green Guenons—Group II., Cercopitheci Chloronoti—and be placed next after the Tantalus Guenon on page 62.

The extremely important collections made by his friend Dr. Forsyth Major during his adventurous explorations in Madagascar in the years 1894 to 1896—from which he has but just returned—have made it necessary to add on page 212 a new family to the Anthropoidea. In the marshes of Sirabé, in Central Madagascar, he discovered the fossil remains of a species of true monkey—a group hitherto unknown to occur in that island—which must have been a contemporary of the Æpyornis, the well-known giant moa-like ratite bird which once lived there, but is now extinct. The fragments so far recovered show that in this creature the orbits were directed straight forward and were separated from the temporal fossæ by a bony wall. The lachrymal foramen was situated inside the margin of the orbit; the inner upper incisors were in contact in the middle line; the nasals were broad and concave in profile, while the facial contour, viewed from the side, was very high. The pattern of the molars closely agreed with that seen in the Guenons (Cercopithecidæ). "The nasals are broad," continues Dr. Major, "and so is the whole of the interorbital region, its transversal diameter almost equalling that of the orbits, and therefore exceeding that obtained in the genera of Anthropoidea, which show the maximum of external extension of the region (Mycetes, Hylobates, Homo)." This is about the only point in which the fossil approaches some of the Lemuroidea. The formula of its upper teeth is I 2, C 1, P 3, M 3 = 18, or that which has been found heretofore to be characteristic of the New World monkeys. "The three molars are each composed of four tubercles, the outer and inner pairs being placed opposite one another and connected together by transverse ridges. This is the pattern of the Cercopithecidæ; but, unlike the Old World monkeys, the molars decrease in size from before backwards" (Major). In the lower jaw the formula appears to have been I 2, C 1, P 2, M 3 = 16. Hence "whilst the dental formula of the upper teeth agrees with that of the Cebidæ, it is quite peculiar in the lower jaw, and whilst the pattern of the molars is that of the Cercopithecidæ, the premolars differ alike from Old and New World monkeys.... These combined characters amply justify the establishment of a separate family of Anthropoidea for the Malagasy fossil, intermediate in some respects between the South American Cebidæ and the Old World Cercopithecidæ, besides presenting characters of its own." Dr. Forsyth Major has, therefore, proposed the new genus Nesopithecus for the reception of this most remarkable monkey, under the new family of Nesopithecidæ. The discovery of Nesopithecus roberti, as he has designated the species, suggests, as Dr. Major has set forth in the Geological Magazine for October, 1896, page 436, "the following general conclusions:—

"(1) We may look forward in Continental Africa likewise for the discovery of Tertiary monkeys, intermediate between Cebidæ and Cercopithecidæ.

"(2) The recent African Cercopithecidæ are not invaders from the North-East, as has been supposed; on the contrary, most, if not all, of the Tertiary monkeys of Europe and Asia are derived from the Ethiopian region. The home of a part at least of the Anthropoidea seems to have been in the Southern Hemisphere. This assumption is corroborated by the two facts—that Anthropoidea make their appearance for the first time in the later Tertiary of Europe and Asia, and that they are entirely absent from the Tertiary of North America."

After the first paragraph on page 219, the discoveries of Dr. Eugene Dubois, made since these pages were written, necessitate the insertion of the following paragraphs.

In the year 1892 this distinguished geologist made one of the most important contributions to our knowledge of the antiquity of man. In that year he disinterred a large number of vertebrate remains from beds—determined to be of late Pliocene, if not of Miocene age—"of cemented volcanic tuff, consisting of clay, sand, and consolidated lapilli," at Trinil on the slope of the Kendeng Hills in Java. Among these remains were a portion of a cranium, two molar teeth, and a femur, presenting mixed simian and human characters. The dimensions of the skull-cap showed that the internal capacity of the cranium was about 1,000 cubic centimetres, while the largest skulls of the Simiidæ averaged only about 500 centimetres. With the exception of this large capacity, the calvarium presented few characters which were not strongly simian, and of all the apes it most resembled the Gibbons' (Hylobates); but it was far superior in its cranial arch—low and depressed as the arch was—to that of any ape. The frontal region was narrow and the supraciliary ridges prominent. The neck area of the occipital bone was also ape-like in form. The thigh-bone (femur), on the other hand, presented human characters in a very marked degree, and gave no indication that the individual who owned it was in the habit of sitting on his hams. The molar teeth were likewise more human than ape-like, although they presented many strong simian characters. Dr. Dubois has assigned these remarkable fossils to a species which he has named Pithecanthropus erectus (the Erect Ape-man), as he believes that their owner occupied a place in the genealogical tree below the point of devarication of the anthropoid apes from the human line. Dr. Cunningham, of Dublin, however, who is one of our most eminent anatomists and anthropologists, would place it "on the human line, a short distance above the point at which the anthropoid branch is given off"; for he could "not believe that an ape-form with a cranial capacity of 1,000 centimetres could be the progenitor of the man-like apes, the largest of which had a capacity of only 500. Such a supposition would necessarily involve the assumption that the anthropoid apes were a degenerated branch from the common stem." Altogether, then, a study of these important remains tends to show that Pithecanthropus had the lowest human cranium known, and was the most ape-like ancestor of the human race yet described. He was very nearly as much below the Neanderthal man as he was below the normal European. It should be stated that some doubt has been expressed whether all the remains belong to one and the same species of animal. Dr. Dubois' arguments for their really belonging to the same individual appear, however, very convincing.

On page 223, after the close of the first paragraph, insert:—

In the Palæolithic Terrace-Gravels at Galley Hill, in Kent, in strata in which numerous palæolithic implements have been found, one of the most interesting discoveries of the ancient inhabitants of England was made in 1895. In these strata was discovered a human skull with a lower jaw, and parts of the limb bones. The skull is very long and narrow; its breadth index being above 64, and its height index 67. The supraciliary ridges were large and the glabella prominent, with the forehead receding and the occiput flattened below, while the hindmost molar was larger than the first. The skull showed numerous points of resemblance to the Neanderthal and Spy crania; as well as presenting affinities with the skulls of the early Neolithic race. The limb bones gave indication that the individual was short of stature, standing slightly over five feet. The evidence that these remains were embedded naturally in the Pleistocene age in the apparently undisturbed gravels in which they were found, and not interred at a much later period, was very strong.

ANTHROPOIDEA PLATE XLVIII.

Plate XLVIII.
Plate XLVIII.

VII. MAP, Showing the distribution of the Genera Semnopithecus (Blue), Nasalis (Brown), and Colobus (Red).

ANTHROPOIDEA PLATE XLIX.

Plate XLIX.
Plate XLIX.

VIII. MAP, Showing the distribution of the Genera Hylobates (Red), Simia (Blue), Gorilla (Brown), and Anthropopithecus (Green).

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

abelii, Simia, ii. 171 Pongo, ii. 171 acolytus, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 252 Adapidæ, i. 119 Adapis, i. 111, 113, 114, 119; ii. 227, 238 angustidens, i. 120; ii. 242 lemuroides, i. 120; ii. 242 magna, i. 120; ii. 242 minor, i. 120; ii. 242 parisiensis, i. 120; ii. 242 tenebrosus, i. 120; ii. 252 adrotes, Satyrus, ii. 181 adusta, Simia, i. 185 ægyptiaca, Hamadryas, i. 272 æmulus, Anaptomorphus, i. 118; ii. 252 æthiopicus, Cercopithecus, ii. 39 æthiops, Cercocebus, ii. 38, 39, 245 Cercopithecus, ii. 38 Simia, ii. 38 Agile Gibbon, ii. 151 agilis, Hylobates, ii. 149, 151; ii. 249 Pithecus, ii. 151 agisymbianus, Otolemur, i. 40 agrias, Simia, ii. 170 alba, Pithecia, i. 178 albicans, Pithecia, i. 183 albicollis, Hapale, i. 132 albifrons, Ateles, i. 233 Cebus, i. 213, 218; ii. 255, 256 Simia, i. 213 Lemur, i. 73 albigena, Cercocebus, ii. 40, 41, 245 Presbytis, ii. 40 Semnocebus, ii. 40 albigularis, Cercopithecus, ii. 67, 69, 70, 245, 246, 247 albimana, Simia, ii. 160 albimanus, Hylobates, ii. 160 Lemur, i. 74 albinasa, Chiropotes, i. 188 Pithecia, i. 188; ii. 255 albinus, Presbytis, ii. 113 albipes, Semnopithecus, ii. 108 albocinereus, Semnopithecus, ii. 123, 138 albogularis, Semnopithecus, ii. 67 Semnopithecus, ii. 105 albus, Cebus, i. 209 alleni, Galago, i. 43; ii. 245 Otolicnus, i. 43 Allen's Galago, i. 43 Alouatta, i. 192, 229, 247; ii. 210, 228, 239 beelzebul, i. 197; ii. 255 niger, i. 199 nigra, i. 195, 197, 199, 200; ii. 256 palliata, i. 202; ii. 254 seniculus, i. 192, 193; ii. 255 ursina, i. 198; ii. 210, 255, 256 villosa, i. 199; ii. 254 Aluatta nigra, i. 196 palliata, i. 202 senicula, i. 193, 203 Amboanala, i. 108 American Monkeys, i. 204 amicta, Callithrix, i. 161; ii. 255 Simia, i. 161 amictus, Callithrix, i. 161 Anaptomorphidæ, i. 114 Anaptomorphus, i. 116, 117; ii. 226, 238 æmulus, i. 118; ii. 252 homunculus, i. 118; ii. 252 anchises, Semnopithecus, ii. 105 andamanensis, Macacus, ii. 14 Anderson's Langur, ii. 124 Angolan Guereza, ii. 96 angolensis, Colobus, ii. 96, 245 Guereza, ii. 96 angulatus, Pelycodus, i. 122 angustidens, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242 Angwantibo, i. 28 anjuanensis, Lemur, i. 71 annellatus, Cebus, i. 213; ii. 256 anthracinus, Semnopithecus, ii. 93 Anthropoidea, i. 123, 124, 227, 229, 252; ii. 3, 41, 143, 149, 173, 191 Anthropomorpha, ii. 174 Anthropopithecus, ii. 183, 188, 217, 229, 240 calvus, ii. 183, 194, 199, 200, 201, 245 niger, ii. 145, 195 sivalensis, ii. 217 troglodytes, ii. 194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 202 Anthropops, ii. 211, 228, 229 perfectus, ii. 211 antiquus, Microchærus, i. 115; ii. 241 Pliopithecus, ii. 215, 242 Anubis Baboon, i. 266 anubis, Cynocephalus, i. 265, 266, 267 Papio, i. 266, 267; ii. 245 Aotus trivirgatus, i. 168 Ape, Black, i. 252 Rock, ii. 7 apella, Cebus, i. 211 Simia, i. 211 Aphanapteryx, i. 114 Apheliscus, i. 123; ii. 227, 238, 252 Aphelotherium, i. 119 duvernoyi, i. 120 apicalis, Otolicnus, i. 43 Arabian Baboon, i. 272, 274 arachnoides, Ateles, i. 226 Brachyteles, i. 226, 227; ii. 256 Eriodes, i. 226, 227 arctoides, Macacus, ii. 8, 10, 11, 12, 250 Arctocebus, i. 26 calabarensis, i. 27 argentata, Hapale, i. 137 Simia, i. 136 argentatus, Jacchus, i. 136 Midas, i. 136 Presbytes, ii. 138 Semnopithecus, ii. 131 argentinus, Homocentrus, ii. 211 armatus, Microchærus, i. 116; ii. 241 Ascagne, ii. 44, 45 ascanias, Cercopithecus, ii. 44, 48, 50 assamensis, Macacus, ii. 20, 29, 31, 250 Ateles, i. 128, 190, 204, 227, 228, 229, 235, 236, 238, 245, 246, 247, 248; ii. 228, 239 albifrons, i. 233 arachnoides, i. 226 ater, i. 128, 129, 237, 238, 241, 242; ii. 254, 255 bartletti, i. 231 belzebuth, i. 244 chuva, i. 231 cucullatus, i. 243; ii. 255 frontalis, i. 239, 244 fuliginosus, i. 244 fusciceps, i. 242; ii. 255 geoffroyi, i. 233, 234, 237, 244; ii. 254, 255 grisescens, i. 242 hybridus, i. 233 hypoxanthus, i. 226 marginatus, i. 231, 233, 239; ii. 255 melanochir, i. 231, 233 ornatus, i. 233, 234 pan, i. 241 paniscus, i. 237, 239, 241, 242; ii. 255 pentadactylus, i. 237 rufiventris, i. 234, 236; ii. 254, 255 variegatus, i. 231, 233; ii. 255 vellerosus, i. 128, 129, 236, 244; ii. 254 ater, Ateles, i. 128, 129, 237, 238, 241, 242; ii. 254, 255 Chiropotes, i. 186 Sapajou, i. 241 aterrimus, Cercocebus, ii. 40, 245 Cercopithecus, ii. 40 atlanticus, Papio, ii. 212, 243 aubryi, Troglodytes, ii. 194 aulaxinus, Macacus, ii. 213 auratus, Mycetes, i. 193 Semnopithecus, ii. 128 aureus, Macacus, ii. 31, 32 aurita, Hapale, i. 134 auritus, Jacchus, i. 134 Semnopithecus, ii. 136 ausonianus, Macacus, ii. 213 Avahi Lemurs, i. 94 Woolly, i. 94 Avahis, i. 94; ii. 226, 238 laniger, i. 94; ii. 248 Aye aye, i. 14 azaræ, Cebus, i. 219; ii. 256 Nyctipithecus, i. 170 Simia, i. 170 Azara's Capuchin, i. 219 Douroucoli, i. 170 Babakoto, i. 108 Baboon, Anubis, i. 266 Arabian, i. 272, 274 Celebean Black, i. 281 Chacma, i. 263 Doguera, i. 262 East-African, i. 269 Gelada, i. 252, 276 Guinea, i. 269 Langheld's, i. 275 Thoth, i. 268 Yellow, i. 265 Baboons, i. 248, 252, 253; ii. 1 Gelada, i. 276 Malayan, i. 280 babouin, Cynocephalus, i. 262, 265 babuin, Cynocephalus, i. 268, 271, 276 Papio, i. 265; ii. 244, 245, 246 Bald Chimpanzee, ii. 199 Bald Uakarí, i. 177 bambolii, Oreopithecus, ii. 212, 243 Bandar, ii. 23 Banded Langur, ii. 126 Barbary Macaque, ii. 4, 6 Barbe's Langur, ii. 102 barbei, Presbytis, ii. 102 barbii, Semnopithecus, ii. 102, 249 barbatus, Cebus, i. 208 Mycetes, i. 195 Barrigudo, i. 221 bartletti, Ateles, i. 231 Bathrodon, i. 123; ii. 227, 239, 252 Bay Guereza, ii. 91 Bearded Guenons, ii. 44, 78 beelzebul, Alouatta, i. 197; ii. 255 Mycetes, i. 197 Simia, i. 197 belzebuth, Ateles, i. 244 Bengal Macaque, ii. 22, 23, 26 Monkey, ii. 23 bengalensis, Nycticebus, i. 33, 35 betillei, Palæolemur, i. 120 bicolor, Colobus, ii. 95 Hapale, i. 147 Midas, i. 147; ii. 255 Mycetes, i. 198 Pithecus, ii. 171 Semnopithecus, ii. 95 Seniocebus, i. 147 Black and Red Tamarin, i. 145 Black Apes, i. 252 Black-cheeked Guenon, ii. 49 Black-crested Langur, ii. 136 Black-eared Mouse-Lemur, i. 51 Black-faced Lemur, i. 73 Black-faced Spider-Monkey, i. 241 Black-footed Guenon, ii. 78 Black-footed Langur, ii. 135 Black-fronted Tamarin, i. 143 Black-fronted Titi, i. 164 Black Guereza, ii. 93 Black-handed Titi, i. 165 Black-headed Squirrel-Monkey, i. 155 Black-headed Uakarí, i. 175 Black Howler, i. 195 Black Lemur, i. 69 Black-limbed Guenons, ii. 44 Black Mangabey, ii. 40 Black Saki, i. 186 Black Sifaka, i. 100 Black-tailed Marmoset, i. 136 Blanc-nez, ii. 44 boliviensis, Callithrix, i. 155 Bonnet Macaque, ii. 34, 35, 36 Bonneted Capuchin, i. 218 Langur, ii. 103 Macaque, ii. 114 Tamarin, i. 143 Bosman's Potto, i. 28 boutourlinii, Cercopithecus, ii. 69 Boutourlini's Guenon, ii. 69 bouvieri, Piliocolobus, ii. 92 Brachyteles, i. 204, 224, 227, 228, 248; ii. 228, 239 arachnoides, i. 226, 227; ii. 256 hemidactylus, i. 227 macrotarsus, i. 226 Brachyurus, i. 128, 174, 248; ii. 228, 239 calvus, i. 177; ii. 255 israelita, i. 188 melanocephalus, i. 175; ii. 255 ouakary, i. 175 rubicundus, i. 176; ii. 255 satanas, i. 188 Bradycebus, i. 33 brasiliensis, Protopithecus, ii. 210, 256 brazzæ, Cercopithecus, ii. 81, 245 brevicaudatus, Indris, i. 105; ii. 248 Broad-nosed Gentle-Lemur, i. 82 Brown Capuchin, i. 211 Brown-headed Spider-Monkey, i. 242 Brown-headed Tamarin, i. 144 Brown Howler, i. 198 Brown Lagothrix, i. 223, 224 Brown Macaque, ii. 8 Brown Woolly Spider-Monkey, i. 226 brunnea, Callithrix, i. 163 brunneus, Macacus, ii. 8 buettikoferi, Cercopithecus, ii. 47, 245 burnetti, Cercopithecus, ii. 70 Büttikofer's Guenon, ii. 47 Çai, Weeping, i. 216 Caiarara, i. 214 branca, i. 209 Calabar Potto, i. 27 calabarensis, Arctocebus, i. 27 Nycticebus, i. 27 Perodicticus, i. 27; ii. 245 caligata, Callithrix, i. 164 Callithrix, i. 128, 158, 248; ii. 210, 227, 239 amicta, i. 161; ii. 255 amictus, i. 161 boliviensis, i. 155 brunnea, i. 163 caligata, i. 164 castaneiventris, i. 164; ii. 255, 256 chlorocnomys, ii. 210, 256 cinerascens, i. 161; ii. 255 cuprea, i. 160; ii. 255 discolor, i. 160, 162 donacophilus, i. 161 entomophagus, i. 155 gigo, i. 165 gigot, i. 165; ii. 256 lugens, i. 159 melanochir, i. 165; ii. 256 moloch, i. 162; ii. 256 nigrifrons, i. 164; ii. 255 ornata, i. 162; ii. 254 personata, i. 163; ii. 255 primæva, ii. 210, 256 torquata, i. 159; ii. 255 Callitriche, Le, ii. 58 callitrichus, Cercopithecus, ii. 57, 58, 62, 245 calva, Ouakaria, i. 178 Pithecia, i. 178 calvus, Anthropopithecus, ii. 194, 199, 200, 201, 245 Brachyurus, i. 177; ii. 255 campbelli, Cercopithecus, ii. 70, 245 Campbell's Guenon, ii. 70 cana, Lagothrix, i. 222 caniceps, Mixocebus, i. 78; ii. 248 canus, Lagothrix, i. 222 Caparro, i. 223, 224 Capped Capuchin, i. 219 capillamentosa, Pithecia, i. 185 capillatus, Cebus, i. 219; ii. 256 Miopithecus, ii. 83 Capuchin, Azara's, i. 219 Bonneted, i. 218 Brown, i. 211 Capped, i. 219 Crested, i. 212 Golden-handed, i. 218 Grizzled, i. 213 Pale, i. 217 Schlegel's, i. 220 Slender, i. 208 Smooth-headed, i. 209 Thick-furred, i. 217 Tufted, i. 212 Variegated, i. 211 Weeper, i. 215 White-cheeked, i. 208 White-fronted, i. 213, 215 White-throated, i. 206, 207 Capuchins, i. 204, 205, 210, 221, 247 capucinus, Cebus, i. 121, 215; ii. 255, 256 capucina, Simia, i. 215 Mycetes, i. 195 caraya, Stentor, i. 195 carbonarius, Macacus, ii. 31, 32 carteri, Omomys, i. 117; ii. 252 castaneiventris, Callithrix, i. 164; ii. 255, 256 castaneus, Cebus, i. 215 castelnaui, Lagothrix, i. 224 Catarrhini, i. 127 catta, Lemur, i. 76 caudatus, Colobus, ii. 98, 99 Guereza, ii. 98 Cawiars, i. 264 Cay, Le, i. 219 Cebidæ, i. 127, 128, 150, 231, 239 ceboides, Ecphantodon, ii. 211 Cebus, i. 174, 190, 204, 214, 217, 221; ii. 210, 228, 239 albifrons, i. 213, 218; ii. 255, 256 albus, i. 209 annellatus, i. 213; ii. 256 azaræ, i. 219; ii. 256 apella, i. 211 barbatus, i. 208 capillatus, i. 219; ii. 256 capucinus, i. 121, 215; ii. 255, 256 castaneus, i. 215 chrysopes, i. 213, 218 chrysopus, i. 218; ii. 255 cirrifer, i. 212, 214; ii. 210, 255, 256 elegans, i. 209 fallax, i. 220 fatuellus, i. 211, 220; ii. 210, 255, 256 flavescens, i. 217; ii. 256 flavus, i. 208, 209; ii. 256 frontatus, i. 208, 213, 217, 218, 219 gracilis, i. 209, 217 hypoleucus, i. 206, 236; ii. 254, 255 leucocephalus, i. 206, 213 leucogenys, i. 208 libidinosus, i. 209 lunatus, i. 208; ii. 256 macrocephalus, i. 211 macrognathus, ii. 210, 256 moloch, i. 162 monachus, i. 209; ii. 255, 256 niger, i. 212 nigrovittatus, i. 215 olivaceus, i. 210, 215 pallidus, i. 209 robustus, i. 129, 212; ii. 256 subcristatus, i. 218; ii. 256 torquatus, i. 159 unicolor, i. 209, 219 variegatus, i. 210, 211, 213; ii. 256 vellerosus, i. 208, 217; ii. 256 versicolor, i. 213, 215 xanthocephalus, i. 209 Celebean Black Baboon, i. 281 cephalopterus, Presbytes, ii. 113, 115 Semnopithecus, ii. 111, 112, 113, 114, 122, 248 cephus, Cercopithecus, ii. 53, 245 Simia, ii. 53 Cercocebus, i. 252; ii. 36, 228, 240 æthiops, ii. 38, 39, 245 albigena, ii. 40, 41, 245 aterrimus, ii. 40, 245 collaris, ii. 38, 39 cynomologus, ii. 31 fulginosus, ii. 37, 245 galeritus, ii. 41, 246 pileatus, ii. 34, 35 radiatus, ii. 35 sinicus, ii. 33, 35 tantalus, ii. 62 Cercopitheci, ii. 37, 42 auriculati, ii. 44, 76 barbati, ii. 44, 79 chloronoti, ii. 44, 54 erythronoti, ii. 44, 63 melanochiri, ii. 44, 66 rhinosticti, ii. 44 trituberculati, ii. 44, 82 Cercopithecidæ, i. 248, 252; ii. 42, 147, 191, 200 Cercopithecus, i. 252, 277, 280; ii. 41, 56, 57, 140, 228, 240 æthiopicus, ii. 39 æthiops, ii. 38 albigularis, ii. 67, 69, 70, 245, 246, 247 ascanius, ii. 44, 48, 50 aterrimus, ii. 40 boutourlinii, ii. 69 brazzæ, ii. 81, 245 buettikoferi, ii. 47, 245 burnetti, ii. 70 callitrichus, ii. 57, 58, 62, 245 campbelli, ii. 70, 245 cephus, ii. 53, 245 cynosurus, ii. 55, 56, 60, 245 diana, ii. 79, 80, 81, 245 diadematus, ii. 76 entellus, ii. 104 erythrarchus, ii. 67, 68 erythrogaster, ii. 46, 245 erythrotis, ii. 52, 245 erxlebenii, ii. 77 ferrugineus, ii. 94 flavidus, ii. 65, 66 fuliginosus, ii. 38, 245 grayi, ii. 77, 78, 245 griseo-viridis, ii. 56 griseus, ii. 56 ignita, ii. 80 kephalopterus, ii. 113 labiatus, ii. 72 lalandii, ii. 60, 61 larvatus, ii. 140 leucampyx, ii. 75, 76, 245, 246 leucoprymnus, ii. 113 ludio, ii. 48, 245 lunulatus, ii. 39 martini, ii. 47, 245 maurus, ii. 125 melanogenys, ii. 49, 50, 51, 245 moloneyi, ii. 74, 246 mona, ii. 66, 245 monoides, ii. 67 nasicus, ii. 141 neglectus, ii. 75, 82, 244 nemæus, ii. 134 nigripes, ii. 78, 245 nictitans, ii. 47, 49, 50, 51, 245 ochraceus, ii. 65, 246 opisthostictus, ii. 72 palatinus, ii. 81, 245 patas, ii. 63, 65, 244 petaurista, ii. 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 245 pileatus, ii. 82 pluto, ii. 76 pogonias, ii. 77, 78, 245 pusillus, ii. 60 pygerythra, ii. 60 pygerythrus, ii. 60, 61, 62, 246 pyrrhonotus, ii. 64, 65, 244 roloway, ii. 81 ruber, ii. 63, 65 rufo-viridis, ii. 60, 65, 246 sabæa, ii. 58 sabæus, ii. 56, 58, 60, 244, 245 samango, ii. 71, 72, 74, 247 schmidti, ii. 50, 246 senex, ii. 113 signatus, ii. 45, 245 stairsi, ii. 73, 246 stampflii, ii. 49, 50, 245 talapoin, ii. 82, 245 tantalus, ii. 62 tephrops, ii. 55 veter, ii. 18 vetulus, ii. 112 werneri, ii. 58 wolfi, ii. 79, 245 Cervus tarandus, ii. 218 ceylonicus, Simia, ii. 125 Chæropithecus leucophæus, i. 260 Chacma Baboon, i. 263, 264, 265 chantrei, Pliopithecus, ii. 215, 242 Cheirogaleus furcifer, i. 59 typicus, i. 50, 51 milii, i. 50 Chimpanzee, ii. 146, 148, 153, 188, 194 Bald, ii. 199 Chirogale, i. 49, 113, 226, 237; ii. 248 melanotis, i. 51, 52 milii, i. 50 trichotis, i. 9 Chirogaleus, i. 49 gliroides, i. 55 pusillus, i. 55, 57 samati, i. 62 trichotis, i. 52 Chiropotes, i. 182 ater, i. 186 cuxio, i. 186 satanas, i. 186; ii. 255 chiropotes, Pithecia, i. 187, 188 Simia, i. 187 Chiromyidæ, i. 14 Chiromys, i. 14; ii. 225, 237 Chiromys madagascariensis, i. 14; ii. 248 Chlorocebus cynosurus, ii. 55 engythithea, ii. 56 pygerythrus, ii. 60 ruber ii. 63, 65 rufo-viridis, ii. 65 sabæus, ii. 58 chlorocnomys, Callithrix, ii. 210, 256 choras, Cynocephalus, i. 270 chrysampyx, Lemur, i. 75 chrysocephala, Pithecia, i. 185 chrysogaster, Presbytis, ii. 103 Semnopithecus, ii. 103 chrysoleuca, Hapale, i. 135; ii. 255 chrysoleucos, Miocella, i. 135 chrysomelas, Hapale, i. 144 Semnopithecus, ii. 120, 127, 128 chrysopes, Cebus, i. 213, 218 chrysopus, Cebus, i. 218; ii. 255 chrysopygia, Hapale, i. 144 chrysopygus, Midas, i. 144; ii. 256 Chrysothrix, i. 128, 152, 274; ii. 227, 239 entomophagus, i. 155; ii. 256 lunulata, i. 156 nigrivittata, i. 156 œrstedi, i. 158; ii. 254, 256 sciurea, i. 155, 156, 158; ii. 254, 255 usta, i. 154; ii. 255, 256 chrysurus, Colobus, i. 197 Mycetes, i. 193 chuva, Ateles, i. 231 Chuva de Baracamorros, i. 232 Cibuella pygmæa, i. 136 cinerascens, Callithrix, i. 161; ii. 255 cinereiceps, Lemur, i. 72 cinereus, Nycticebus, i. 33, 35, 37 Semnopithecus, ii. 38 cirrifer, Cebus, i. 212, 214; ii. 210, 255, 256 Coaita, Le, i. 237 Coaita à front blanc, femelle, i. 239 Cœnopithecus, i. 119 Collared Lemur, i. 72 collaris, Cercocebus, ii. 38, 39 Lemur, i. 72 Colobi, ii. 85 Colobus, i. 252; ii. 84, 85, 86, 98, 100, 215, 228, 240 angolensis, ii. 96, 245, 246 bicolor, ii. 95 bourtoulini, ii. 69, 245 caudatus, ii. 98, 99, 246, 247 chrysurus, i. 197 cristatus, ii. 88 ferruginea, ii. 91 ferrugineus, ii. 91, 245 ferruginosus, ii. 91 grandævus, ii. 215, 242 guereza, ii. 97, 99, 245, 246 kirkii, ii. 89, 90, 246 leucomeros, ii. 95 occidentalis, ii. 98 olivaceus, ii. 87 palliatus, ii. 96 pennantii, ii. 91 personatus, ii. 94 polycomus, ii. 93, 94 rufo-fuliginosus, ii. 91 rufo-mitratus, ii. 88, 246 rufo-niger, ii. 91 satanas, ii. 93, 245 temminckii, ii. 91 ursinus, ii. 93, 94, 95, 245 vellerosus, ii. 94, 95, 245 verus, ii. 87, 245 comatus, Papio, i. 263 Semnopithecus, ii. 138 commersoni, Nyctipithecus, i. 170 Common Chimpanzee, ii. 194 Common Marmoset, i. 132 Common Squirrel-Monkey, i. 156 concolor, Hylobates, ii. 155 Simia, ii. 155 coquereli, Cheirogaleus, i. 60 Microcebus, i. 60 Mirza, i. 60 Coquerel's Dwarf-Lemur, i. 60 Sifaka, i. 102 coquereli, Propithecus, i. 102 coromandus, Hylobates, ii. 161 coronatus, Lemur, i. 75 Propithecus, i. 102, 103 Crab-eating Macaque, ii. 31, 33 crassicaudata, Galago, i. 47; ii. 246, 247 Otogale, i. 47 Otolicnus, i. 47 crassiusculus, Mixodectes, i. 116 crassicuspidens, Protoadapis, i. 118; ii. 242 Crested Capuchin, i. 212 Crested Mangabey, ii. 41 cristatus, Colobus, ii. 88 Macacus, ii. 31, 32 Presbytis, ii. 131, 138 Semnopithecus, ii. 132 Simia, ii. 125, 126 Cryptopithecus siderolithicus, ii. 241 Cross-Bearing Langur, ii. 121 crossleyi, Chirogale, i. 53 Chirogaleus, i. 53 Crossley's Mouse-Lemur, i. 53 Crowned Lemur, i. 75 Crowned Sifaka, i. 102 cruciger, Semnopithecus, ii. 121, 249 cucullatus, Ateles, i. 243; ii. 255 Cebus, i. 209, 212 Presbytis, ii. 111 Semnopithecus, ii. 111 cuprea, Callithrix, i. 160; ii. 255 curtus, Pithecus, ii. 171 cuxio, Chiropotes, i. 186 cyclops, Macacus, ii. 25, 27, 28, 29, 249 cynocephala, Simia, i. 265 Cynocephalus, i. 252, 253, 276, 277, 278, 281 anubis, i. 265, 266, 267 babouin, i. 262, 265 babuin, i. 268, 271, 276 choras, i. 270 doguera, i. 262 hamadryas, i. 268, 270, 271, 272 langheldi, i. 275 maimon, i. 258, 260 mormon, i. 271 niger, i. 281; ii. 11 olivaceus, i. 267 papio, i. 270 porcarius, i. 262, 263 sphinx, i. 269, 270, 271 thoth, i. 268 ursinus, i. 263 cynocephalus, Papio, i. 265 Cynodontomys, i. 116; ii. 226, 238 latidens, i. 116; ii. 252 cynomologus, Cercocebus, ii. 31 Macacus, ii. 31, 249, 250 Simia, ii. 31 Cynopothecini, ii. 203 Cynopithecus, i. 252, 280; ii. 228, 240 niger, i. 281, 283; ii. 3, 250 nigrescens, i. 281 cynosurus, Cercopithecus, ii. 55, 56, 60, 245 Chlorocebus, ii. 55 Simia, ii. 55 Daubentonia madagascariensis, i. 14 daubrei, Plesiadapis, i. 118; ii. 242 De Brazza's Guenon, ii. 81 deckeni, Propithecus, i. 101 demidoffi, Galago, i. 44; ii. 244, 245 Hemigalago, i. 45 Otolicnus, i. 45 Demidoff's Galago, i. 44 Deville's Tamarin, i. 143 devillii, Hapale, i. 143 Midas, i. 143 Diadem Guenon, ii. 75 diadema, Propithecus, i. 104 diadematus, Cercopithecus, ii. 76 diana, Cercopithecus, ii. 79, 80, 81, 245 Simia, ii. 79 Diane, Le, ii. 76 discolor, Callithrix, i. 160, 162 Mycetes, i. 197 Doguera Baboon, i. 262 doguera, Cynocephalus, i. 262 Papio, i. 262; ii. 245 Dolicopithecus, ii. 214, 228, 240 ruscinensis, ii. 214, 242 donacophilus, Callithrix, i. 161 Dormouse Dwarf-Lemur, i. 56 dorsalis, Lepilemur, i. 86 Douc Langur, ii. 134 Douroucoli, i. 166 Azara's, i. 170 Feline, i. 170 Lemurine, i. 168 Red-footed, i. 169 Three-banded, i. 168 Drill, i. 260, 271 Dryopithecus, ii. 213, 216, 218, 229, 240 fontani, ii. 217, 242 Dusky Gelada, i. 278 Dusky-handed Tarsier, i. 21 Dusky Langur, ii. 123 dussumieri, Semnopithecus, ii. 110 Dwarf-Lemur, Coquerel's, i. 60 Dormouse, i. 56 Fork-marked, i. 59 Small, i. 55 Smith's, i. 57 East African Baboon, i. 269 ecaudatus, Inuus, ii. 4 Ecphantodon, ii. 211 ceboides, ii. 211 edwardsi, Lepidolemur, i. 87 Microchærus, i. 115; ii. 241 Propithecus, i. 99, 100 elegans, Cebus, i. 209 Microsyops, i. 122; ii. 252 Galago, i. 43 elegantula, Midas, i. 142 Elephas primigenius, ii. 219 Endrina, i. 105 engythithea, Chlorocebus, ii. 56 Entelle, L', ii. 104 entelloides, Hylobates, ii. 160 entellus, ii. 8 Cercopithecus, ii. 104 Presbytis, ii. 105, 107 Simia, ii. 104 entellus, Semnopithecus, ii. 103, 104, 107, 108, 109, 111, 215, 248 entomophaga, Chrysothrix, i. 155; ii. 156 Saimiris, i. 158 erinaceus, Microchærus, i. 115; ii. 241 Eriodes, i. 128, 224 arachnoides, i. 226, 227 frontatus, i. 233 hemidactylus, i. 226, 227 tuberifer, i. 226, 227 erythrarchus, Cercopithecus, ii. 67, 68 erythræa, Simia, ii. 22 erythræus, Macacus, ii. 20, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32 erythrogaster, Cercopithecus, ii. 46, 245 erythrotis, Cercopithecus, ii. 52, 245 erxlebenii, Cercopithecus, ii. 77 Erxleben's Guenon, ii. 77 Eudiastus, ii. 212, 239 lingulatus, ii. 212 everetti, Semnopithecus, ii. 116, 120, 249 Everett's Langur, ii. 120 falconeri, Papio, ii. 212, 248 fallax, Cebus, i. 220 fascigularis, Semnopithecus, ii. 138 Fat-tailed Lemur, Samat's, i. 62 Thomas', i. 63 fatuellus, Cebus, i. 211, 220; ii. 210, 255, 256 Simia, i. 211 Feline Douroucoli, i. 170 felinus, Nyctipithecus, i. 169, 170; ii. 255 femoralis, Semnopithecus, ii. 126, 127, 128, 129, 130 Simia, ii. 127 ferox, Simia, ii. 18 ferruginea, Colobus, ii. 91, 245 Simia, ii. 91 ferrugineus, Cercopithecus, ii. 94 Colobus, ii. 91 Piliocolobus, ii. 91 Semnopithecus, ii. 136 ferruginosus, Colobus, ii. 91 fischeri, Tarsius, i. 21 flava, Simia, i. 209 flavescens, Cebus, i. 217; ii. 256 flavicauda, Mycetes, i. 198 Stentor, i. 198 flavidus, Cercopithecus, ii. 65, 66 flavifrons, Midas, i. 143, 144, 146 flavimana, Presbytes, ii. 136 flavimanus, Semnopithecus, ii. 136 flaviventer, Lemur, i. 76 flavus, Cebus, i. 208, 209; ii. 256 florentinus, Aulaxinus, ii. 213 Macacus, ii. 213, 243 fontani, Dryopithecus, ii. 217, 242 Formosan Rock-Macaque, ii. 28, 29 Fork-marked Dwarf-Lemur, i. 56 frontalis, Ateles, i. 239, 244 frontatus, Cebus, i. 208, 213, 217, 218, 219 Eriodes, i. 233 Semnopithecus, ii. 133 frugivorus, Pelycodus, i. 122 fuliginosa, Simia, ii. 38 fuliginosus, Ateles, i. 244 Cercocebus, ii. 37, 245 Cercopithecus, ii. 38 Colobus, ii. 91 Full-bottom Monkey, ii. 93 fulvo-griseus, Semnopithecus, ii. 113, 138 funereus, Hylobates, ii. 155 fur, Macacus, ii. 31 furcifer, Cheirogaleus, i. 59 furcifer, Lemur, i. 59 Lepilemur, i. 59 Microcebus, i. 59 Phaner, i. 59 fuscatus, Macacus, ii. 12, 13, 242 fusciceps, Ateles, i. 242; ii. 255 fuscicollis, Hapale, i. 144 Midas, i. 144 fusco-ater, Macacus, ii. 12 fuscomanus, Tarsius, i. 21 fuscus, Hylobates, ii. 155 Mycetes, i. 198 Stentor, i. 198 Tarsius, i. 21; ii. 249, 250 gabonensis, Galago, i. 43 Galago, i. 38; ii. 226, 237 alleni, i. 43; ii. 245 crassicaudata, i. 47; ii. 246, 247 demidoffi, i. 44; ii. 245, 246 elegantulus, i. 43 gabonensis, i. 43 garnetti, i. 40; ii. 246 lasiotis, i. 47 minor, i. 55 moholi, i. 41, 42 monteiri, i. 46; ii. 245 murinus, i. 45 senaariensis, i. 42 senegalensis, i. 41; ii. 244, 246, 247 Galago, Allen's, i. 43 Demidoff's, i. 44 du Sénégal, i. 41 Great, i. 47 Senegal, i. 41 Otolicnus, i. 42 galeritus, Cercocebus, ii. 41, 246 garnetti, Galago, i. 40; ii. 246 Otogale, i. 40 Otolemur, i. 40 Garnett's Galago, i. 40 Gastrimargus infumatus, i. 223 olivaceus, i. 222 Gelada, i. 278 Baboon, i. 252, 276 Dusky, i. 278 Gelada rüppelli, i. 276 gelada, Macacus, i. 276 Theropithecus, i. 245, 263, 276, 277, 279 Gentle-Lemur, Broad-nosed, i. 82 Grey, i. 81 geoffroyi, Ateles, i. 233, 234, 237, 244; ii. 254, 255 Hapale, i. 140 Lagothrix, i. 222, 224 Midas, i. 140, 141; ii. 254 Œdipus, i. 140 Perodicticus, i. 28 Sapajou, i. 231, 233 Geoffroy's Spider-Monkey, i. 233, 234, 245 Tamarin, i. 139 germaini, Semnopithecus, ii. 124, 249 Germain's Langur, ii. 124 gervaisi, Plesiadapis, i. 118; ii. 241 gesilla, Pithecus, ii. 181 Gibbons, ii. 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 166 Gibbon, Agile, ii. 151 Hainan, ii. 164 Wau-wau, ii. 154 White-cheeked, ii. 158 White-handed, ii. 159, 160 gigantica, Simia, ii. 171 gigo, Callithrix, i. 165 gigot, Callithrix, i. 165; ii. 256 gina, Gorilla, ii. 180 gliroides, Chirogaleus, i. 55 globiceps, Lepidolemur, i. 88 Golden-handed Capuchin, i. 218 Golden Marmoset, i. 135 Gorilla, ii. 148, 180, 229, 240 gina, ii. 180 gorilla, ii. 180, 245 mayema, ii. 181 savagei, ii. 180 gorilla, Gorilla, ii. 180, 245 Pithecus, ii. 181 Simia, ii. 181 Troglodytes, ii. 180 gracilis, Cebus, i. 209, 217 Loris, i. 31; ii. 248 Nycticebus, i. 31 Stenops, i. 31 grandævus, Colobus, ii. 215, 242 grandidieri, Lepidolemur, i. 89 Grandidier's Sportive-Lemur, i. 89 grandis, Hapale, ii. 210 Grasshoppers, ii. 30 grayi, Cercopithecus, ii. 77, 78, 245 Great Galago, i. 47 Green Guenon, ii. 44, 58, 60 Green Monkeys, ii. 59 Grey-cheeked Mangabey, ii. 40 Grey Gentle-Lemur, i. 81 Grey-headed Lemur, i. 72 Grey Titi, i. 165 griseo-viridis, Cercopithecus, ii. 56 grisescens, Ateles, i. 242 griseus, Cercopithecus, ii. 56 Cheirogaleus, i. 81 Hapalemur, i. 81 Hapalolemur, i. 81 Lemur, i. 81 Grivet, ii. 60, 61 Guenon, ii. 56 Grizzled Capuchin, i. 213 Spider-Monkey, i. 242 Guenon, Bearded, ii. 44, 78 Black-cheeked, ii. 49 Black-footed, ii. 78 Black-limbed, ii. 44 Boutourlini's, ii. 69 Büttikofer's, ii. 47 Campbell's, ii. 70 De Brazza's, ii. 81 Diadem, ii. 75 Diana, ii. 79 Erxleben's, ii. 77 Green, ii. 44, 58, 60 Grivet, ii. 56 Hocheur, ii. 51 Jentink's, ii. 45 Lesser White-nosed, ii. 44 Ludio, ii. 48 Malbrouck, ii. 55 Martin's, ii. 47, 48 Moloney's, ii. 74 Mona, ii. 66 Moustached, ii. 53 Nisnas, ii. 64 Palatine, ii. 81 Patas, ii. 63 Red-bellied, ii. 46 Reddish-green, ii. 65 Red-eared, ii. 52 Rufous-backed, ii. 44 Rump-spotted, ii. 72 Samango, ii. 71 Schlegel's, ii. 75 Schmidt's, ii. 50 Stairs', ii. 73 Stampfli's, ii. 50 Sykes', ii. 67 Tantalus, ii. 62 Three-cusped, ii. 44 Tufted-eared, ii. 44 Vervet, ii. 60 Werner's, ii. 58 White-lipped, ii. 72 Wolf's, ii. 79 Guatemalan Howler, i. 199 Guereza, i. 248, 252; ii. 42, 83, 84, 85, 86 Angolan, ii. 96 Bay, ii. 91 Black, ii. 93 Kirk's, ii. 88 Red-crested, ii. 88 Rüppell's, ii. 97 Ursine, ii. 93 Van Beneden's, ii. 87 White-tailed, ii. 98, 99 White-thighed, ii. 94 Guereza angolensis, ii. 96 caudatus, ii. 98 guereza, ii. 97 kirkii, ii. 89 occidentalis, ii. 97 palliatus, ii. 96 rueppelli, ii. 97 satanas, ii. 93 ursinus, ii. 94 vellerosus, ii. 95 guereza, Colobus, ii. 97, 99, 245 Hainan Gibbon, ii. 164, 249 Rock-Monkey, ii. 24 hainanus, Hylobates, ii. 164, 249 Hairy Saki, i. 182 Hairy-eared Macaque, ii. 25 Hairy-eared Mouse-Lemur, i. 52 halonifer, Semnopithecus, ii. 123 Hamadryas ægyptiaca, i. 272 hamadryas, Cynocephalus, i. 268, 270, 271, 272 Papio, i. 268, 272; ii. 244, 245 Simia, i. 272 Hanuman Langur, ii. 104, 105, 110 Hapale, i. 128, 131; ii. 210, 227, 239 albicollis, i. 132 argentata, i. 137 aurita, i. 134; ii. 256 bicolor, i. 147, 182 chrysoleuca, i. 135; ii. 255 chrysomelas, i. 144 chrysopygia, i. 144 devillei, i. 143, 144, 146 geoffroyi, i. 140 grandis, ii. 210, 256 humeralifer, i. 133; ii. 255 illigeri, i. 145 jacchus, i. 132; ii. 210; ii. 255, 256 labiata, i. 141, 142 leucocephala, i. 132 leucopus, i. 134; ii. 254 melanura, i. 136; ii. 255, 256 midas, i. 148 nigrifrons, i. 143 œdipus, i. 140 penicillata, i. 132 pygmæa, i. 135; ii. 255 rosalia, i. 138 ursula, i. 148 weddelli, i. 143 Hapalemur, i. 65, 79, 114; ii. 226, 237, 248 olivaceus, i. 82 simus, i. 82 harlani, Hylobates, ii. 155 Hattock, i. 78 helveticus, Pelycodus, i. 122; ii. 242 hemidactylus, Brachyteles, i. 227 Eriodes, i. 226, 227 Hemigalago demidoffi, i. 45 Heterohyas, i. 115 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, ii. 115 Himalayan Macaque, ii. 20 Langur, ii. 107 Hipposyus, i. 123; ii. 227, 238, 252 hirsuta, Pithecia, i. 183 Hocheur Guenon, ii. 51 holomelas, Propithecus, i. 100 holotephreus, Semnopithecus, ii. 124 Hominidæ, i. 252; ii. 218 Homocentrus, ii. 211, 239 argentinus, ii. 211 Homo, ii. 218 lar, ii. 159 sapiens, ii. 203 sylvestris, ii. 194 Homunculus, ii. 211, 228, 239 patagonicus, ii. 211 homunculus, Anaptomorphus, i. 118; ii. 252 Hooded Spider-Monkey, i. 243 Hoolock, ii. 161, 162 hoolock, Hylobates, ii. 160, 161, 163, 164, 249 Simia, ii. 161 Hose's Langur, ii. 117 hosii, Semnopithecus, ii. 116, 117, 119, 120, 249 Howler, i. 247, 248 Black, i. 195 Brown, i. 198 Guatemalan, i. 199 Mantled, i. 202, 203 Red, i. 192 South American, ii. 191 Yellow-handed, i. 197 hulok, Hylobates, ii. 162 humboldti, Lagothrix, i. 129, 222 Humboldt's Woolly Monkey, i. 222 humeralifer, Hapale, i. 133 hybridus, Ateles, i. 233 Hylobates, i. 174, 190; ii. 148, 156, 157, 215, 216, 229, 240 agilis, ii. 149, 151, 249 albimanus, ii. 160 concolor, ii. 155 coromandus, ii. 161 entelloides, ii. 160 funereus, ii. 155 fuscus, ii. 155 hainanus, ii. 164, 249 harlani, ii. 155 hoolock, ii. 160, 161, 163, 164, 166 hulok, ii. 162, 249 lar, ii. 152, 159, 161, 249 leuciscus, ii. 154, 155, 158, 160, 249 leucogenys, ii. 158, 249 mülleri, ii. 155, 158 niger, ii. 162 pileatus, ii. 152, 153, 164 rafflesii, ii. 152, 153 syndactylus, ii. 120, 146, 151, 152, 153, 166, 249 variegatus, ii. 152, 160 Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 227, 238 acolytus, i. 123; ii. 252 jurensis, i. 123; ii. 242 minusculus, i. 123; ii. 252 paulus, i. 123; ii. 252 powellianus, i. 123; ii. 252 vicarius, i. 123; ii. 252 hypoleuca, Simia, i. 206 hypoleucos, Presbytis, ii. 110 Semnopithecus, ii. 110 hypoleucus, Cebus, i. 206, 236; ii. 254, 255 Semnopithecus, ii. 110, 248 hypoxanthus, Ateles, i. 226 ibeanus, Papio, i. 269; ii. 246 Papio thoth, i. 269 ignita, Cercopithecus, ii. 80 illigeri, Hapale, i. 145 Midas, i. 145, 146; ii. 255 Illiger's Tamarin, i. 145 Indri, i. 108 Indris, i. 105; ii. 226, 238 brevicaudatus, i. 105; ii. 248 variegatus, i. 107 Indrisinæ, i. 90 Indrodon, i. 123; ii. 227, 238, 252 infumatus, Gastrimargus, i. 223 Lagothrix, i. 223, 224; ii. 255 inornatus, Macacus, ii. 12 inusta, Pithecia, i. 183 Inuus, ii. 8 ecaudatus, ii. 4 leoninus, ii. 14 nemestrinus, ii. 16 palpebrosus, ii. 31 sancti-johannis, ii. 28 speciosus, ii. 13 inuus, Macacus, ii. 2, 4, 7, 213, 214, 243 Pithecus, ii. 4 Simia, ii. 4 irrorata, Pithecia, i. 183 israelita, Brachyurus, i. 188 Jacchus argentatus, i. 136 auritus, i. 134 labiatus, i. 141 melanura, i. 136 penicillatus, i. 132 pygmæus, i. 135 vulgaris, i. 132 jacchus, Hapale, i. 132; ii. 21, 255 Simia, i. 132 Japanese Macaque, ii. 13, 14 jarrovii, Pelycodus, i. 122; ii. 252 Javan Slow-Loris, i. 33 javanicus, Nycticebus, i. 33, 36 Stenops, i. 33 Jentink's Guenon, ii. 45 johnii, Presbytis, ii. 110, 111 Simia, ii. 111 Semnopithecus, ii. 110, 111, 114, 250 jubatus, Presbytes, ii. 111 Semnopithecus, ii. 111 jurensis, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 242 kelaartii, Semnopithecus, ii. 114 kephalopterus, Cercopithecus, ii. 113 kirki, Piliocolobus, ii. 89 Otogale, i. 47 kirkii, Colobus, ii. 89, 90 Guereza, ii. 89 Kirk's Guereza, ii. 88 kooloo-kamba, Troglodytes, ii. 199 labiata, Hapale, i. 141, 142 labiatus, Cercopithecus, ii. 72 Jacchus, i. 141 Midas, i. 141; ii. 255 Lacépède's Tamarin, i. 148 lacepedii, Simia, i. 148 lagaros, Satyrus, ii. 194 lagothrica, Simia, i. 222 Lagothrix, i. 128, 204, 220, 221, 225, 228, 248; ii. 228, 239 Brown, i. 223, 224 Lagothrix cana, i. 222 canus, i. 222 castlenaui, i. 224 geoffroyi, i. 222, 224 humboldtii, i. 129, 222 infumatus, i. 223, 224; ii. 255 lagothrix, i. 222; ii. 255 lagotricha, i. 222 olivaceus, i. 222 poeppigii, i. 224 tschudii, i. 222 lagothrica, Simia, i. 222 lagotricha, Lagothrix, i. 222 lagothrix, Lagothrix, i. 222; ii. 255 lalandii, Cercopithecus, ii. 60, 61 langheldi, Cynocephalus, i. 275 Papio, i. 275; ii. 246 Langheld's Baboon, i. 275 Langur, Anderson's, ii. 124 Banded, ii. 126 Barbe's, ii. 102 Black-crested, ii. 136 Black-footed, ii. 135 Bonneted, ii. 103 Cross-Bearing, ii. 121 Douc, ii. 134 Dusky, ii. 123 Everett's, ii. 120 Germain's, ii. 124 Hanuman, ii. 104 Himalayan, ii. 107 Hose's, ii. 117 Madras, ii. 108 Malabar, ii. 110 Maroon, ii. 128 Mitred, ii. 137 Moupin, ii. 139 Natuna, ii. 129 Negro, ii. 125 Nilgiri, ii. 111 Paitan, ii. 116 Phayre's, ii. 131 Purple-faced, ii. 112 Rutledge's, ii. 133 Thomas's, ii. 119 Ursine, ii. 122 White-fronted, ii. 133 Langurs, i. 248, 252; ii. 3, 42, 83, 85, 86, 100, 101 laniger, Avahis, i. 94, 248 Lemur, i. 94 Microrhynchus, i. 94 Mycetes, i. 193 Laopithecus, i. 121; ii. 227, 238 lemurinus, i. 121; ii. 252 robustus, i. 121; ii. 252 lar, Homo, ii. 159 Hylobates, ii. 152, 159, 161, 249 Pithecus, ii. 151, 159 Simia, ii. 152, 159, 161 larvatus, Cercopithecus, ii. 140 Nasalis, i. 126; ii. 140, 141, 143 Semnopithecus, ii. 141, 249 Lasiopyga nemæus, ii. 134 lasiotis, Galago, i. 47 Macacus, ii. 25, 27, 28, 250 latidens, Cynodontomys, i. 116; ii. 253 Lemur, i. 65; ii. 226, 237, 248 albifrons, i. 73 albimanus, i. 74 anjuanensis, i. 71 Avahi, i. 94 Black, i. 69 Black-faced, i. 73 catta, i. 76 chrysampyx, i. 75 cinereiceps, i. 72 Collared, i. 72 collaris, i. 72 coronatus, i. 75 Crowned, i. 75 flaviventer, i. 76 furcifer, i. 59 Grey-headed, i. 72 laniger, i. 94 leucomystax, i. 69 macaco, i. 68, 69, 73 menagensis, i. 33 Mongoose, i. 71 Mongoz, i. 71 niger, i. 69 nigerrimus, i. 73 nigrifrons, i. 73 podje, i. 21 Red-bellied, i. 76 Red-footed, i. 72 Red-fronted, i. 72 Red-ruffed, i. 69 Ring-tailed, i. 76 ruber, i. 69 rubriventer, i. 76 Ruffed, i. 68 rufifrons, i. 72 rufipes, i. 72 Rufous, i. 73 rufus, i. 73 Sclater's, i. 73 tardigradus, i. 33 varius, i. 68 White-faced, i. 73 White-handed, i. 74 Lemuravus, i. 121 Lemuridæ, i. 22 Lemurinæ, i. 64 lemurinum, Menotherium, i. 121 lemurinus, Laopithecus, i. 121; ii. 252 Nyctipithecus, i. 168; ii. 255 Lemuroidea, i. 8 lemuroides, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242 Lemurine Douroucoli, i. 168 Leonine Macaque, ii. 14 leoninus, Macacus, ii. 14, 249 Inuus, ii. 14 Leontopithecus rosalia, i. 138 Lepidolemur, i. 65, 83, 113; ii. 248 edwardsii, i. 87 globiceps, i. 88 grandidieri, i. 89 leucopus, i. 89 microdon, i. 88 mustelinus, i. 86 ruficaudatus, i. 86 Lepilemur, i. 82; ii. 226, 237 dorsalis, i. 86 furcifer, i. 59 mustelinus, i. 86, 87, 89 pallidicauda, i. 87 Lesser White-nosed Guenon, ii. 44 leucampyx, Cercopithecus, ii. 75, 76, 245 Simia, ii. 75 leucisca, Simia, ii. 154 leuciscus, Hylobates, ii. 154, 155, 158, 160, 249 Pithecus, ii. 154 leucocephala, Hapale, i. 132 Pithecia, i. 185 Simia, i. 185 leucocephalus, Cebus, i. 206, 213 Jacchus, i. 132 leucogenys, Cebus, i. 208 Hylobates, ii. 158, 249 Midas, i. 143 leucomeros, Colobus, ii. 95 leucomystax, Lemur, i. 69 Semnopithecus, ii. 123 leucophæa, Papio, i. 260 Simia, i. 260 leucophæus, Chæropithecus, i. 260, 271 Papio, i. 260; ii. 245 leucoprymna, Pithecus, ii. 194 leucoprymnus, Cercopithecus, ii. 113 Pseudanthropos, ii. 194 Semnopithecus, ii. 113 Troglodytes, ii. 194 leucopus, Hapale, i. 134 Lepidolemur, i. 89 libidinosus, Cebus, i. 209 Limnotherium, i. 120, 122 Lion-tailed Macaque, ii. 18, 19 longimana, Simia, ii. 159 Long-haired Spider-Monkey, i. 244 Loris, i. 31, 115; ii. 226, 237 gracilis, i. 31; ii. 248 Slender, i. 31 Lorisinæ, i. 24 Ludio Guenon, ii. 48 ludio, Cercopithecus, ii. 48, 245 lugens, Callithrix, i. 159 Simia, i. 159 lunatus, Cebus, i. 208; ii. 256 lunulata, Chrysothrix, i. 156 lunulatus, Cercopithecus, ii. 39 Macaco barrigudo, i. 223 prego, i. 212 macaco, Lemur, i. 68, 69, 73 Macacus, i. 252, 277, 281; ii. 1, 4, 213, 228, 240 andamanensis, ii. 14 arctoides, ii. 8, 10, 11, 12, 250 assamensis, ii. 20, 29, 31, 250 aureus, ii. 31, 32 ausonianus, ii. 213 brunneus, ii. 8 carbonarius, ii. 31, 32 cristatus, ii. 31, 32 cyclops, ii. 25, 27, 28, 29, 249 cynomologus, ii. 31, 249, 250 erythræus, ii. 20, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29 florentinus, ii. 213, 243 fur, ii. 31 fuscatus, ii. 12, 13, 242 fusco-ater, ii. 12 gelada, i. 276 inornatus, ii. 12 inuus, ii. 2, 4, 7, 31, 212, 214, 243 lasiotis, ii. 25, 27, 28, 250 leoninus, ii. 14, 249 maurus, ii. 11, 12, 250 melanotus, ii. 8 nemestrinus, ii. 16, 17, 249 niger, i. 281 ocreatus, ii. 12 palpebrosus, ii. 31 pelops, ii. 20 philippensis, ii. 31, 32 pileatus, ii. 33, 34, 35, 248 pliocenus, ii. 242 priscus, ii. 213, 242 problematicus, ii. 20 rheso-similis, ii. 20 rhesus, ii. 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 36, 248, 249 rufescens, ii. 11, 249 sancti-johannis, ii. 28, 29, 249 siamensis, ii. 129 silenus, ii. 3, 18, 113, 250 sinicus, ii. 33, 34, 35, 248 sinus, ii. 19 sivalensis, ii. 213, 248 speciosus, ii. 8, 12 suevicus, ii. 213, 242 sylvanus, ii. 4 tcheliensis, ii. 26, 27, 242 thibetanus, ii. 8 trarensis, ii. 213, 243 Macaque, i. 252 Barbary, ii. 4, 6 Bengal, ii. 22, 23, 26 Bonnet, ii. 34, 35, 36 Bonneted, ii. 114 Brown, ii. 8 Crab-eating, ii. 31, 33 Hairy-eared, ii. 25 Himalayan, ii. 20 Japanese, ii. 13, 14 Leonine, ii. 14 Lion-tailed, ii. 18, 19 Moor, ii. 11 Pig-tailed, ii. 16, 18 Rufous Stump-tailed, ii. 11 St. John's, ii. 28 Tcheli, ii. 26 Toque, ii. 33, 34 Macaques, ii. 1, 2, 10, 19, 21, 26, 27, 31, 32, 37, 42, 100 macrocephalus, Cebus, i. 211 macrognathus, Cebus, ii. 210, 236 macrotarsus, Brachyteles, i. 226 madagascariensis, Chiromys, i. 14; ii. 248 Daubentonia, i. 14 Megaladapis, i. 113; ii. 248 Sciurus, i. 14 Madras Langur, ii. 108 magna, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242 Magot, Le, ii. 4, 45 Maimon, ii. 16 maimon, Mormon, i. 258 Papio, i. 258; ii. 244, 245 Simia, i. 258 majori, Propithecus, i. 285 Maki aux pieds blancs, i. 74 Malabar Langur, ii. 110 Malayan Baboons, i. 280 Malbrouck, Le, ii. 55, 57, 61 Guenon, ii. 55 Man, ii. 204, 205, 206 (Caucasian Race) ii. 208 (Ethiopian Race) ii. 207 (Mongolian Race) ii. 208 Mandrill, i. 258, 271 Man-like Apes, ii. 145 Mangabey à collier blanc, ii. 38 Black, ii. 40 Crested, ii. 41 Grey-cheeked, ii. 40 Sooty, ii. 37 White-collared, ii. 38 White-crowned, ii. 39 Mangabeys, i. 252; ii. 1, 36, 37 Mantled Howler, i. 202, 203 marginatus, Ateles, i. 231, 239; ii. 255 Marimonda, Le, i. 244 Marmoset, i. 129, 131; ii. 146 Black-tailed, i. 136 Common, i. 132 Golden, i. 135 Pigmy, i. 135 White-eared, i. 134 White-fronted, i. 134 White-shouldered, i. 133 Maroon Langur, ii. 128 martini, Cercopithecus, ii. 47, 245 Martin's Guenon, ii. 47, 48 Masked Titi, i. 163 maura, Simia, ii. 125, 126 maurus, Macacus, ii. 11, 12 Semnopithecus, ii. 125, 249 mayema, Gorilla, ii. 181 Mbega, ii. 100 Megaladapidæ, i. 112; ii. 226, 237 Megaladapis, i. 112, 113 madagascariensis, i. 113; ii. 248 melalophus, Semnopithecus, ii. 136 Simia, ii. 136 melanocephala, Ouakaria, i. 175 Pithecia, i. 175 Prosimia, i. 71 Simia, i. 175 melanocephalus, Brachyurus, i. 175; ii. 255 melanochir, Ateles, i. 231, 233 Callithrix, i. 160; ii. 256 Melanochroi, ii. 208, 223 melanogenys, Cercopithecus, ii. 49, 50, 51, 245 melanolophus, Presbytes, ii. 136, 138 Semnopithecus, ii. 136, 249 melanops, Pithecia, i. 163 melanotis, Chirogale, i. 51, 52 melanotus, Macacus, ii. 8 Papio, ii. 8 melanura, Hapale, i. 136; ii. 255 Jacchus, i. 136 melanurus, Mico, i. 137 menagensis, Lemur, i. 33 Menotherium, i. 121 lemurinum, i. 121 robustum, i. 121 Mesacodon, i. 123; ii. 227, 239, 252 Mesopithecus, ii. 214, 228, 240 pentelici, ii. 214, 240 Mico sericeus, i. 135 melanurus, i. 137 Microcebus, i. 54, 113; ii. 226, 237, 248 furcifer, i. 59 minor, i. 55 murinus, i. 55 myoxinus, i. 56 pusillus, i. 57 smithii, i. 57, 58 Microchærus, i. 111, 115; ii. 226, 238 antiquus, i. 115; ii. 241 armatus, i. 116; ii. 241 edwardsi, i. 115; ii. 241 erinaceus, i. 115; ii. 241 parvulus, i. 115; ii. 241 siderolithicus, i. 116; ii. 241 zitteli, i. 116; ii. 241 microdon, Lepidolemur, i. 88 Microrhynchus laniger, i. 94 Microsyops, i. 122; ii. 227, 238 elegans, i. 122; ii. 252 scottianus, i. 122; ii. 252 spierianus, i. 122; ii. 252 Midas, i. 128, 131, 138; ii. 227, 239 argentatus, i. 136 bicolor, i. 147; ii. 255 chrysopygus, i. 144; ii. 256 devillii, i. 143, 144, 146 elegantulus, i. 142 flavifrons, i. 143, 144, 146 fuscicollis, i. 144; ii. 256 geoffroyi, i. 140, 141; ii. 254 Hapale, i. 148 illigeri, i. 145, 146; ii. 255 labiatus, i. 141; ii. 255 leucogenys, i. 143 midas, i. 148; ii. 255 mystax, i. 142; ii. 255 nigricollis, i. 145; ii. 255 nigrifrons, i. 143 œdipus, i. 139, 140; ii. 254 pileatus, i. 143; ii. 255 rosalia, i. 138; ii. 254, 256 rufiventer, i. 142; ii. 255 rufimanus, i. 148 rufoniger, i. 145 tamarin, i. 148 ursulus, i. 140, 147, 148, 149; ii. 255 weddelli, i. 143, 144; ii. 255 midas, Hapale, i. 148 Midas, i. 148; ii. 255 Simia, i. 148 milii, Cheirogaleus, i. 50 Chirogale, i. 50 Opolemur, i. 62 Milne-Edwards' Sifaka, i. 99 Sportive-Lemur, i. 87 Milius' Mouse-Lemur, i. 50 Mimetes troglodytes, ii. 194, 199 minor, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242 Galago, i. 55 Microcebus, i. 55 minusculus, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 252 Miocella chrysoleucos, i. 135 sericeus, i. 135 Miopithecus, ii. 82 capillatus, ii. 83 talapoin, ii. 82 miriquouina, Pithecia, i. 170 mitrata, Presbytis, ii. 137 mitratus, Semnopithecus, ii. 137, 138, 249 Mitred Langur, ii. 137 Mixocebus, i. 65, 78; ii. 226, 237 caniceps, i. 78; ii. 248 Mixodectes, i. 116; ii. 226, 238 crassiusculus, i. 116; ii. 252 pungens, i. 116; ii. 252 moholi, Galago, i. 141, 142 moloch, Cebus, i. 162 Callithrix, i. 162; ii. 256 moloneyi, Cercopithecus, ii. 74 Moloney's Guenon, ii. 74 Mona Guenon, ii. 66 mona, Cercopithecus, ii. 66, 245 Simia, ii. 66 monoides, Cercopithecus, ii. 67 monachus, Cebus, i. 209; ii. 255, 256 Pithecia, i. 182, 183 Simia, i. 182 Mongoose Lemur, i. 71 mongoz, Lemur, i. 71 Monkey, Bengal, ii. 23 Black-faced Spider-, i. 241 Brown-headed Spider-, i. 242 Full-bottom, ii. 93 Geoffroy's Spider-, i. 233, 245 Grizzled Spider-, i. 242 Hooded Spider-, i. 243 Howling, i. 201 Humboldt's Woolly, i. 222 Long-haired Spider-, i. 244 Moustached, ii. 54 Pinche, i. 140 Prego, i. 214 Proboscis, ii. 140, 142, 148 Red-bellied Spider-, i. 236, 237 Red-faced Spider-, i. 237 Variegated Spider-, i. 231 White-Whiskered Spider-, i. 239 Monkeys, American, i. 204 Green, ii. 59 Howling, i. 230 Night, i. 247 Nosed, i. 252; ii. 86, 140 Spider-, i. 204, 207, 227, 247, 248 Squirrel-, i. 247 White, ii. 115, 116 Woolly, i. 204, 220, 221, 248 Woolly Spider-, i. 204, 225, 248 monspessulanus, Semnopithecus, ii. 215, 243 monteiri, Callotus, i. 46 Galago, i. 46; ii. 246 Monteiro's Galago, i. 46 Moor Macaque, ii. 11 morio, Pithecus, ii. 171 Simia, ii. 171, 180 Mormon maimon, i. 258 mormon, Cynocephalus, i. 258, 271 Papio, i. 258 Simia, i. 258 Moupin Langur, ii. 139 Mouse-Lemur, Black-eared, i. 51 Crossley's, i. 53 Hairy-eared, i. 52 Milius', i. 52 Moustac, ii. 53 Moustached Guenon, ii. 53 Monkey, ii. 54 Tamarin, i. 142 mülleri, Hylobates, ii. 155, 158 murinus, Galago, i. 45 Microcebus, i. 55 mustelinus, Lepidolemur, i. 86 Lepilemur, i. 86, 87, 89 Mycetes, i. 113, 174, 190, 192, 200, 201, 221, 230, 243; ii. 191 auratus, i. 193 barbatus, i. 195 beelzebul, i. 197 bicolor, i. 198 caraya, i. 195 chrysurus, i. 193 discolor, i. 197 flavicauda, i. 198 fuscus, i. 198 laniger, i. 193 niger, i. 196 palliatus, i. 202 rufimanus, i. 197 seniculus, i. 193 stramineus, i. 193 ursinus, i. 198 villosus, i. 128, 199 Mycetinæ, i. 189 myoxinus, Microcebus, i. 56 mystax, Midas, i. 142; ii. 255 Nasalis, i. 252; ii. 85, 140, 228, 240 larvatus, i. 126; ii. 140, 141, 143, 249 recurvus, ii. 141, 142 roxellanæ, ii. 139 nasica, Simia, ii. 140 nasicus, Cercopithecus, ii. 141 Semnopithecus, ii. 141 Natuna Langur, ii. 129 natunæ, Semnopithecus, ii. 129, 130, 249 Necrolemur, i. 115, 116 neglectus, Cercopithecus, ii. 75, 82, 244 Semnopithecus, ii. 128 Negro Langur, ii. 125 Tamarin, i. 148 nemæus, Cercopithecus, ii. 134 Lasiopyga, ii. 134 Pygothrix, ii. 134 Semnopithecus, ii. 134, 135, 249 Simia, ii. 134 nemestrina, Simia, ii. 16 nemestrinus, Inuus, ii. 16 Macacus, ii. 16, 17, 249 nepaulensis, Semnopithecus, ii. 107, 113 nictitans, Cercopithecus, ii. 47, 49, 50, 51, 245 Simia, ii. 51 niger, Alouatta, i. 196 Anthropopithecus, ii. 145, 195, 245 Cebus, i. 212 niger, Cynocephalus, i. 281; ii. 11 Cynopithecus, i. 281, 283; ii. 3, 250 Hylobates, ii. 162 Lemur, i. 69 Macacus, i. 281 Mycetes, i. 196 Papio, i. 281 niger, Stentor, i. 195 Troglodytes, ii. 194 nigerrimus, Lemur, i. 73 Night-Monkeys, i. 247 nigra, Alouatta, i. 195, 196, 197, 200; ii. 256 Varecia, i. 69 nigrescens, Cynopithecus, i. 281 Papio, i. 281 nigricollis, Hapale, i. 145 Midas, i. 145 nigrifrons, Callithrix, i. 164; ii. 255 Hapale, i. 143 Lemur, i. 73 Midas, i. 143; ii. 255 nigrimanus, Semnopithecus, ii. 138 nigripes, Cercopithecus, ii. 78, 245 Semnopithecus, ii. 135, 249 nigrivittata, Chrysothrix, i. 156 nigrovittatus, Cebus, i. 215 Nilgiri Langur, ii. 111 Nisnas, Le, ii. 65 Guenon, ii. 64 nobilis, Semnopithecus, ii. 136 nocturna, Pithecia, i. 185 Nose-spotted Guenons, ii. 44 Nosed Monkeys, i. 252; ii. 86, 140 Notharctus, i. 119 Nycticebus, i. 33; ii. 226, 237 bengalensis, i. 33, 35 calabarensis, i. 27 cinereus, i. 33, 35, 37 gracilis, i. 31 javanicus, i. 33, 36 tardigradus, i. 33, 285; ii. 249 Nyctipithecinæ, i. 152 Nyctipithecus, i. 128, 166, 190, 247; ii. 228, 239 azaræ, i. 170; ii. 256 commersonii, i. 170 felinus, i. 169, 170; ii. 255 lemurinus, i. 168; ii. 255 oseryi, i. 170 rufipes, i. 169; ii. 254 trivirgatus, i. 168; ii. 255 vociferans, i. 129, 169, 170 obscura, Presbytis, ii. 123 obscurus, Semnopithecus, ii. 102, 123, 131, 255, 249 Theropithecus, i. 278 occidentalis, Colobus, ii. 98 Guereza, ii. 97 ochraceus, Cercopithecus, ii. 65 ocreatus, Macacus, ii. 12 ochrocephala, Pithecia, i. 185 Œdipus geoffroyi, i. 140 titi, i. 140 œdipus, Hapale, i. 140 Midas, i. 139, 140; ii. 254 Simia, i. 140 œrstedi, Chrysothrix, i. 158; ii. 254, 256 Saimiris, i. 158 olivaceus, Cebus, i. 210, 215 Colobus, ii. 87 Cynocephalus, i. 267 Gastrimargus, i. 222 Hapalemur, i. 81 Lagothrix, i. 222 Semnopithecus, ii. 87 Omomys, i. 117; ii. 226, 238 carteri, i. 117; ii. 252 opisthostictus, Cercopithecus, ii. 72 Opisthotomus, i. 123; ii. 227, 238, 252 Opolemur, i. 61; ii. 226, 237, 248 samati, i. 62 thomasi, i. 63 Orabassu Titi, i. 162 Orang-utan, ii. 170, 174 Orangs, ii. 143, 146, 148, 149, 167, 171, 183 ornata, Callithrix, i. 162; ii. 254 Ornate Titi, i. 162 ornatus, Ateles, i. 233, 234 Oreopithecus, ii. 212, 228, 240 bambolii, ii. 212 oseryi, Nyctipithecus, i. 170 Otogale crassicaudata, i. 47 kirki, i. 47 pallida, i. 43 Otolemur agisymbianus, i. 40 garnetti, i. 40 Otolicnus allenii, i. 43 apicalis, i. 43 crassicaudatus, i. 47 demidoffi, i. 45 galago, i. 42 garnetti, i. 40 peli, i. 44 senegalensis, i. 42 ouakary, Brachyurus, i. 175 Ouakaria, i. 174 calva, i. 178 melanocephala, i. 175 rubicunda, i. 176 spixii, i. 175 owenii, Pithecus, ii. 171 Paitan Langur, ii. 116 palæindicus, Semnopithecus, ii. 215, 248 Palæolemur, i. 119 betillei, i. 120 Palæopithecus, ii. 217 Palatine Guenon, ii. 81 palatinus, Cercopithecus, ii. 81, 254 Pale Capuchin, i. 217 palliata, Alouatta, i. 202; ii. 254 Aluatta, i. 202 palliatus, Colobus, ii. 96 Guereza, ii. 96 Mycetes, i. 202 pallida, Otogale, i. 43 pallidicauda, Lepilemur, i. 87 pallidus, Cebus, i. 209 pallipes, Semnopithecus, ii. 108 palpebrosus, Inuus, ii. 31 Macacus, ii. 31 pan, Ateles, i. 244 paniscus, Ateles, i. 237, 239, 241, 242; ii. 255 Sapajou, i. 237 Simia, i. 237 Papio, i. 253; ii. 212, 228, 240 anubis, i. 266, 267; ii. 245 atlanticus, ii. 212 babuin, i. 265; ii. 244, 245, 246 comatus, i. 263 cynocephalus, i. 265 doguera, i. 262; ii. 245 falconeri, ii. 212, 248 hamadryas, i. 268, 272; ii. 244, 245 ibeanus, i. 269; ii. 246 langheldi, i. 275; ii. 246 leucophæus, i. 260; ii. 245 maimon, i. 258; ii. 244, 245 melanotus, ii. 8 mormon, i. 258 niger, i. 281 nigrescens, i. 281 porcarius, i. 263; ii. 246 rubescens, i. 270 silenus, ii. 18 sphinx, i. 253, 269; ii. 244, 245, 246 sub-himalayanus, ii. 212, 248 thoth, i. 268; ii. 245 thoth ibeanus, i. 269 wurmbii, ii. 170 papio, Cynocephalus, i. 270 Papion, Le, i. 269 parisiensis, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242 parvulus, Microchærus, i. 115; 241 patagonicus, Homunculus, ii. 211 Patas, Le, ii. 63, 64 à bandeau noir, ii. 63 Patas Guenon, ii. 63 patas, Cercopithecus, ii. 63, 65, 244 Simia, ii. 63 paulus, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 252 peli, Otolicnus, i. 44 pelops, Macacus, ii. 20 Pelycodus, i. 121; ii. 227, 238 angulatus, i. 122 frugivorous, i. 122 helveticus, i. 122; ii. 242 jarrovii, i. 122; ii. 252 tutus, i. 122; ii. 252 penicillata, Hapale, i. 132 penicillatus, Jacchus, i. 132 pennantii, Colobus, ii. 91 pentadactylus, Ateles, i. 237 pentelici, Mesopithecus, ii. 214, 243 perfectus, Anthropops, ii. 211 Perodicticus, i. 26; ii. 226, 237 calabarensis, i. 27; ii. 245 geoffroyi, i. 28 potto, i. 28; ii. 245 personata, Callithrix, i. 163; ii. 255 personatus, Colobus, ii. 94 petaurista, Cercopithecus, ii. 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 245 Simia, ii. 44 Petit Papion, i. 265 Phaner furcifer, i. 59 phayrei, Presbytis, ii. 131 Phayre's Langur, ii. 131 phayrii, Semnopithecus, ii. 131, 132, 249 philippensis, Macacus, ii. 31, 32 picturatus, Cercopithecus, ii. 49 Pied Tamarin, i. 147 Pigmy Marmoset, i. 135 Pig-tailed Macaque, ii. 16, 18 pileata, Simia, ii. 33 pileatus, Cercocebus, ii. 34 Cercopithecus, ii. 82 Hylobates, ii. 152, 153, 164 Midas, i. 143; ii. 255 Macacus, ii. 33, 34, 35, 248 Presbytis, ii. 103 Semnopithecus, ii. 103, 249 Piliocolobus bouvieri, ii. 92 ferrugineus, ii. 91 kirki, ii. 89 tholloni, ii. 92 Pinche Monkey, i. 140 Pithecia, i. 128, 174, 182, 248; ii. 228, 239 alba, i. 178 albicans, i. 183 albinasa, i. 183; ii. 255 calva, i. 178 capillamentosa, i. 185 chiropotes, i. 187, 188; ii. 255 chrysocephala, i. 185 hirsuta, i. 183 inusta, i. 183 irrorata, i. 183 leucocephala, i. 185 melanocephala, i. 175 melanops, i. 163 miriquouina, i. 170 monachus, i. 182, 183; ii. 255 nocturna, i. 185 ochrocephala, i. 185 pithecia, i. 185; ii. 255 pogonias, i. 185 rufibarbata, i. 185 rubicunda, i. 176 rufiventer, i. 185 satanas, i. 186; ii. 255 pithecia, Simia, i. 185 Pithecia, i. 185; ii. 255 Pitheciinæ, i. 173 Pithecus, ii. 6, 170 agilis, ii. 151 bicolor, ii. 171 curtus, ii. 171 gesilla, ii. 180 gorilla, ii. 181 lar, ii. 151, 159 leuciscus, ii. 154 leucopryma, ii. 194 morio, ii. 171 owenii, ii. 171 satyrus, ii. 171 syndactylus, ii. 166 variegatus, ii. 159 varius, ii. 159 wurmbii, ii. 171 pithecus, Inuus, ii. 4 Platyrrhini, i. 127 Plesiadapis, i. 118; ii. 226, 238, 241 daubrei, i. 118; ii. 242 gervaisi, i. 118; ii. 241 remensis, i. 118; ii. 241 tournesarti, i. 118; ii. 242 pliocenus, Macacus, ii. 242 Pliopithecus, ii. 215, 218, 229, 240 antiquus, ii. 215, 242 chantrei, ii. 216, 242 pluto, Cercopithecus, ii. 76 podje, Lemur, i. 21 poeppigii, Lagothrix, i. 224 pogonias, Cercopithecus, ii. 77, 78, 245 Pithecia, i. 185 Polume, ii. 100 polycomus, Colobus, ii. 93, 94 Pongo, ii. 170 abelii, ii. 171 wurmbii, ii. 170 porcaria, Simia, i. 263 porcarius, Cynocephalus, i. 262, 263 Papio, i. 263 potenziani, Semnopithecus, ii. 103 Potto, i. 28 Bosman's, i. 28 Calabar, i. 27 potto, Nycticebus, i. 28 Perodicticus, i. 28; ii. 245 Stenops, i. 28 powellianus, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 252 prego, Macaco, i. 212 Prego Monkey, i. 214 Presbytis, ii. 100 albigena, ii. 40 albinus, ii. 113 argentatus, ii. 138 barbei, ii. 102 cephalopterus, ii. 113, 115 chrysogaster, ii. 103 cristatus, ii. 131, 138 cucullatus, ii. 111 entellus, ii. 105, 107 flavimana, ii. 136 hypoleucos, ii. 110 johnii, ii. 110, 111 jubatus, ii. 111 melanophus, ii. 136, 138 mitrata, ii. 137 nemæus, ii. 134 obscura, ii. 123 phayrei, ii. 131 pileatus, ii. 103 priamus, ii. 108 schistaceus, ii. 107 thersites, ii. 109, 113 ursinus, ii. 122, 123 priamus, Presbytis, ii. 108 Semnopithecus, ii. 108, 248 primæva, Callithrix, ii. 210, 256 primigenius, Elephas, ii. 219 priscus, Macacus, ii. 213, 242 problematicus, Macacus, ii. 20 Proboscis Monkeys, ii. 140, 142, 143 Procolobus verus, ii. 88 Prolemur simus, i. 82 Propithecus, i. 23, 96, 113, 286; ii. 215, 226, 238, 248 coquereli, i. 102 coronatus, i. 102, 103 deckeni, i. 101 diadema, i. 104 edwardsi, i. 99, 100 holomelas, i. 100 majori, i. 285 sericeus, i. 99, 100 verreauxi, i. 100, 102, 286 Prosimia, i. 65 melanocephala, i. 71 rufipes, i. 73 xanthomystax, i. 71 Protoadapis, i. 118; ii. 226, 238 crassicuspidens, ii. 118, 242 recticuspidens, i. 118, 242 Protopithecus, ii. 210, 227, 239 brasiliensis, ii. 210, 256 pruinosus, Semnopithecus, ii. 225 Pseudanthropos leucoprymnus, ii. 194 Pterycolobus vellerosus, ii. 95 pungens, Mixodectes, i. 116; ii. 252 Purple-faced Langur, ii. 112 pusillus, Cercopithecus, ii. 60 Chirogaleus, i. 55, 57 Microcebus, i. 57 pygerythra, Cercopithecus, ii. 60 pygerythrus, Cercopithecus, ii. 60, 61, 62 Chlorocebus, ii. 60 pygmæa, Cibuella, i. 136 Hapale, i. 135; ii. 255 pygmæus, Jacchus, i. 135 Pygothrix nemæus, ii. 134 pyrrhonotus, Cercopithecus, ii. 64, 65, 244 pyrrhus, Semnopithecus, ii. 125 radiatus, Cercocebus, ii. 35 rafflesii, Hylobates, ii. 152, 153 recticuspidens, Protoadapis, i. 118; ii. 242 recurvus, Nasalis, ii. 141, 142 Red-backed Saki, i. 187 Red-backed Titi, i. 158 Red-bellied Guenon, ii. 46 Red-bellied Lemur, i. 76 Red-bellied Spider-Monkey, i. 236, 237 Red-bellied Tamarin, i. 141 Red-bellied Titi, i. 164 Red-crested Guereza, ii. 88 Reddish-green Guenon, ii. 65 Red-eared Guenon, ii. 52 Red-faced Spider-Monkey, i. 237 Red-footed Douroucoli, i. 169 Red-footed Lemur, i. 72 Red-fronted Lemur, i. 72 Red Howler, i. 192 Red-ruffed Lemur, i. 69 Red-tailed Sportive-Lemur, i. 86 Red Titi, i. 160 Red Uakarí, i. 176 Reed Titi, i. 161 remensis, Plesiadapis, i. 118; ii. 241 rheso-similis, Macacus, ii. 20 rhesus, Macacus, ii. 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 248, 249 Simia, ii. 22 Rhinoceros tichorhinus, ii. 218 Rhinopithecus, ii. 140 Rhinopithecus roxellanæ, ii. 139 Ring-tailed Lemur, i. 76 robustum, Menotherium, i. 121 robustus, Cebus, i. 129, 212; ii. 256 Laopithecus, i. 121; ii. 252 Rock Ape, ii. 7 Rock-Macaque, Formosan, ii. 28, 29 Rock-Monkey, Hainan, ii. 24 roloway, Cercopithecus, ii. 81 Roloway, ii. 81 rostratum, Tomitherium, i. 121; ii. 252 Round-headed Sportive-Lemur, i. 89 rosalia, Hapale, i. 138 Leontopithecus, i. 138 Midas, i. 138; ii. 254 Simia, i. 138 roxellanæ, Nasalis, ii. 139 Rhinopithecus, ii. 132 Semnopithecus, ii. 101, 139 ruber, Cercopithecus, ii. 63, 65 Chlorocebus, ii. 63, 65 Lemur, i. 69 rubescens, Papio, i. 270 rubicunda, Ouakaria, i. 176 Pithecia, i. 176 rubicundus, Brachyurus, i. 176; ii. 255 Semnopithecus, ii. 128, 131, 249 rubra, Simia, ii. 63 rubriventer, Lemur, i. 76 rueppelli, Guereza, ii. 97 rueppellii, Gelada, i. 276 rufescens, Macacus, ii. 11, 249 Ruffed Lemur, i. 68 rufibarbata, Pithecia, i. 185 ruficaudatus, Lepidolemur, i. 86 Lepilemur, i. 86 rufifrons, Lemur, i. 72 rufimanus, Midas, i. 148 Mycetes, i. 197 rufipes, Lemur, i. 72; ii. 254 Midas, i. 142 Nyctipithecus, i. 169; ii. 254 Prosimia, i. 73 rufiventer, Midas, i. 142; ii. 255 Pithecia, i. 185 rufiventris, Ateles, i. 234, 236; ii. 254, 255 rufo-fuliginosus, Colobus, ii. 91 rufo-mitratus, Colobus, ii. 88 Tropicolobus, ii. 88 rufo-niger, Colobus, ii. 91 Midas, i. 145 rufo-viridis, Cercopithecus, ii. 60, 65, 246 Chlorocebus, ii. 65 Rufous-backed Guenons, ii. 44 Rufous Lemur, i. 73 Rufous Stump-tailed Macaque, ii. 11 rufus, Lemur, i. 73 Rump-spotted Guenon, ii. 72 Rüppell's Guereza, ii. 97 ruscinensis, Dolichopithecus, ii. 214, 242 Rutledge's Langur, ii. 138 rutledgii, Semnopithecus, ii. 133 sabæa, Cercopithecus, ii. 58 Simia, ii. 56, 58 sabæus, Cercopithecus, ii. 56, 58, 60, 244, 245 Chlorocebus, ii. 58 sabanus, Semnopithecus, ii. 116, 249 Saguinus vidua, i. 159 sagulata, Chiropotes, i. 188 Simia, i. 188 Saï à grosse tête, i. 209 Saï à gorge blanche, i. 206 Saimiri sciureus, i. 154, 156 Saimiris entomophaga, i. 158 entomophagus, i. 155 sciurea, i. 158 usta, i. 154 Sajou negre, i. 212 Saki, Black, i. 186 Red-backed, i. 187 White-headed, i. 185 White-nosed, i. 188 Saki noir, i. 186 Sakis, i. 248 Sally, i. 200, 201 samango, Cercopithecus, ii. 71, 72, 74 Guenon, ii. 71 samati, Chirogaleus, i. 62 Opolemur, i. 62 Samat's Fat-tailed Lemur, i. 62 sancti-johannis, Inuus, ii. 28 Macacus, ii. 28, 29, 249 Sapajou ater, i. 241 geoffroyi, i. 231, 233 paniscus, i. 237 sapiens, Homo, ii. 203 Sarcolemur, i. 123; ii. 227, 238, 252 satanas, Brachyurus, i. 188 Chiropotes, i. 186 Colobus, ii. 93, 245 Guereza, ii. 93 Pithecia, i. 186; ii. 255 Simia, i. 186 Stachycolobus, ii. 93 Satyrus adrotes, ii. 181 lagaros, ii. 194 satyrus, Pithecus, ii. 171 Simia, ii. 170, 249 Troglodytes, ii. 180 savagei, Gorilla, ii. 180 schistaceus, Presbytis. ii. 107 Semnopithecus, ii. 105, 107. 109, 250 Schlegel's Capuchin, i. 220 Guenon, ii. 75 schmidti, Cercopithecus, ii. 50, 246 Schmidt's Guenon, ii. 50 schweinfurthi, Troglodytes, ii. 194 sciurea, Chrysothrix, i. 155, 156, 158; ii. 254, 255 sciurea, Saimiris, i. 158 Simia, i. 156 sciureus, Saimiri, i. 154, 156 Sciurus madagascariensis, i. 14 Sclater's Lemur, i. 73 scottianus, Microsyops, i. 122; ii. 252 Semnocebus albigena, ii. 40 Semnopithecinæ, i. 252; ii. 84, 85 Semnopithecus, ii. 85, 86, 100, 130 137, 142, 214, 228, 240, 252 albocinereus, ii. 123, 138 albogularis, ii. 67, 105 anchises, ii. 104, 105 anthracinus, ii. 93 argentatus, ii. 131 auratus, ii. 136 barbii, ii. 102, 249 bicolor, ii. 95 cephalopterus, ii. 111, 112, 114, 122, 248 chrysogaster, ii. 103 chrysomelas, ii. 120, 127, 128 cinereus, ii. 138 comatus, ii. 138 cristatus, ii. 126, 132 cruciger, ii. 121, 249 cucullatus, ii. 111 dussumieri, ii. 110 entellus, ii. 103, 104, 107, 108, 109, 111, 215, 248 everetti, ii. 116, 120, 249 fascigularis, ii. 138 femoralis, ii. 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 249 ferrugineus, ii. 136 flavimanus, ii. 136 frontatus, ii. 133, 249 fulvo-griseus, ii. 113, 138 germaini, ii. 124, 249 halonifer, ii. 123 holotephreus, ii. 124 hosii, ii. 116, 117, 119, 120, 249 hypoleucus, ii. 110, 248 johnii, ii. 110, 111, 114, 250 jubatus, ii. 111 kelaartii, ii. 114 larvatus, ii. 141 leucomystax, ii. 123 leucoprymnus, ii. 113 maurus, ii. 125, 249 melalophus, ii. 136 melanolophus, ii. 136, 249 mitratus, ii. 137, 138, 249 monspessulanus, ii. 215, 243 nasicus, ii. 141 natunæ, ii. 129, 130, 249 neglectus, ii. 128 nemæus, ii. 134, 135, 249 nepalensis, ii. 107 nestor, ii. 113 nigrimanus, ii. 138 nigripes, ii. 135, 249 nobilis, ii. 136 obscurus, ii. 102, 112, 123, 131, 249 olivaceus, ii. 87 palæindicus, ii. 215, 248 pallipes, ii. 108 phayrii, ii. 131, 132, 249 pileatus, ii. 103, 249 potenziani, ii. 103 priamus, ii. 108, 248 pruinosus, ii. 125 pyrrhus, ii. 125 roxellana, ii. 101 roxellanæ, ii. 139, 250 rubicundus, ii. 128, 131, 249 rutledgii, ii. 133 sabanus, ii. 116, 249 schistaceus, ii. 105, 107, 109, 250 senex, ii. 114 siamensis, ii. 130, 138, 249 sumatranus, ii. 127, 139 thomasi, ii. 116, 117, 119, 249 ursinus, ii. 114, 122, 250 vellerosus, ii. 94 senaariensis, Galago, i. 42 Senegal Galago, i. 41 senegalensis, Galago, i. 41; ii. 244, 246, 247 Galagoides, i. 41 Otolicnus, i. 42 senex, Cercopithecus, ii. 113 Semnopithecus, ii. 114 Theropithecus, i. 276, 278 senicula, Alouatta, i. 203 ; ii. 255 Aluatta, i. 193 seniculus, Alouatta, i. 192, 193 Mycetes, i. 193 Simia, i. 192 Stentor, i. 193 Seniocebus bicolor, i. 147 sericeus, Mico, i. 135 Miocella, i. 135 Propithecus, i. 99, 100 Short-tailed Squirrel-Monkey, i. 154 Siamang, ii. 120, 166, 167, 169 Siamanga syndactyla, ii. 166 siamensis, Macacus, ii. 129 Semnopithecus, ii. 130, 138, 249 siderolithicus, Microchærus, i. 116 Sifaka, Black, i. 100 Coquerel's, i. 102 Crowned, i. 102 Milne-Edwards', i. 99 Silky, i. 99 Verreaux's, i. 100 Von der Decken's, i. 101 signatus, Cercopithecus, ii. 45, 245 Silenus veter, ii. 19 silenus, Macacus, ii. 3, 18, 113, 250 Papio, ii. 18 Simia, ii. 18 Silky Sifaka, i. 99 Tamarin, i. 138 Simia, ii. 170, 217, 229, 240 abelii, ii. 171 adusta, i. 185 æthiops, ii. 38, 39 agrias, ii. 170 albifrons, i. 213 albimana, ii. 160 amicta, i. 161 apella, i. 211 argentata, i. 230 azaræ, i. 170 beelzebul, i. 197 capucina, i. 215 cephus, ii. 53 ceylonicus, ii. 125 chiropotes, i. 187 concolor, ii. 155 cristatus, ii. 125 cynocephala, i. 265 cynomologus, ii. 31 cynosurus, ii. 55 diana, ii. 79 entellus, ii. 104 erythræa, ii. 22 fatuellus, i. 211 femoralis, ii. 127 ferox, ii. 18 ferruginea, ii. 91 flava, i. 209 fuliginosa, ii. 38 gigantica, ii. 171 gorilla, ii. 181 hamadryas, i. 272 hoolock, ii. 161 hypoleuca, i. 206 inuus, ii. 4 jacchus, i. 132 johnii, ii. 111 lacepedii, i. 148 lagothrica, i. 222 lar, ii. 152, 159, 161 leucampyx, ii. 75 leucisca, ii. 154 leucocephala, i. 185 leucophæa, i. 260 longimana, ii. 159 lugens, i. 159 maimon, i. 258 maura, ii. 125, 126 melanocephala, i. 175 melalophus, ii. 136 melarhinus, ii. 83 midas, i. 148 mona, ii. 66 monachus, i. 182 morio, ii. 171, 180 mormon, i. 258 nasica, ii. 140 nemæus, ii. 134 nemestrina, ii. 16 nictitans, ii. 51 œdipus, i. 140 paniscus, i. 237 patas, ii. 63 petaurista, ii. 44 pileata, ii. 33 pithecia, i. 185 porcaria, i. 263 rhesus, ii. 22 rosalia, i. 138 rubra, ii. 63 sabæa, ii. 56, 58 sagulata, i. 188 satanas, i. 186 satyrus, ii. 170, 249 sciurea, i. 156 seniculus, i. 192 silenus, ii. 18 sinica, ii. 35 syndactylus, ii. 166 sylvanus, ii. 4 talapoin, ii. 82 trepida, i. 211 troglodytes, ii. 194 variegatus, ii. 160 veter, ii. 113 wurmbii, ii. 171 Simiidæ, i. 252; ii. 143, 144, 145, 148, 181, 190, 203 simus, Hapalemur, i. 182 Prolemur, i. 182 sinica, Simia, ii. 35 sinicus, Cercocebus, ii. 33, 35 Macacus, ii. 19, 33, 34, 35, 248 sivalensis, Anthropopithecus, ii. 217 Palæopithecus, ii. 217 Macacus, ii. 213, 248 Slender Capuchin, i. 208 Loris, i. 31 Slow-Loris, Javan, i. 23 Small Dwarf-Lemur, i. 55 Small-toothed Sportive-Lemur, i. 88 smithii, Chirogaleus, i. 57 Microcebus, i. 57, 58 Smith's Dwarf-Lemur, i. 57 Smooth-headed Capuchin, i. 209 Soko, ii. 197 Sooty Mangabey, ii. 37 South American Howlers, ii. 191 speciosus, Inuus, ii. 13 Macacus, ii. 8, 13 Spectral Tarsier, i. 20 spectrum, Lemur, i. 20 Tarsius, i. 20, 285 sphinx, Papio, i. 253, 269; ii. 244, 245, 246 Cynocephalus, i. 268, 270, 271 Spider-Monkey, Brown Woolly, i. 226 Black-faced, i. 241 Brown-headed, i. 242 Geoffroy's, i. 234 Grizzled, i. 242 Hooded, i. 243 Long-haired, i. 244 Red-bellied, i. 236 Red-faced, i. 237 Variegated, i. 231 White-whiskered, i. 239 Woolly, i. 224 Spider-Monkeys, i. 204, 207, 227, 247, 248 spierianus, Microsyops, i. 122; ii. 252 spixii, Ouakaria, i. 175 Sportive-Lemur, Grandidier's, i. 89 Milne-Edwards', i. 87 Red-tailed, i. 86 Round-headed, i. 89 Small-toothed, i. 88 Weasel-like, i. 86 White-footed, i. 89 Squirrel-Monkey, i. 247, 152 Black-headed, i. 155 Common, i. 156 St. John's Macaque, ii. 28 Stachycolobus satanas, ii. 93 Stairs' Guenon, ii. 73 stairsi, Cercopithecus, ii. 73 stampflii, Cercopithecus, ii. 49, 50, 245 Stampfli's Guenon, ii. 50 Stenacodon, i. 123; ii. 227, 239, 252 Stenops, i. 31, 33 gracilis, i. 31 javanicus, i. 33 potto, i. 28 tardigradus, i. 31, 33 Stentor, i. 192 caraya, i. 195 flavicauda, i. 198 fuscus, i. 198 niger, i. 195 seniculus, i. 193 ursinus, i. 193, 198 stramineus, Mycetes, i. 193 subcristatus, Cebus, i. 218; ii. 256 subhimalayanus, Papio, ii. 212, 248 suevicus, Macacus, ii. 213, 242 sumatranus, Semnopithecus, ii. 127, 136 Sykes' Guenon, ii. 67 sylvanus, Macacus, ii. 4 Simia, ii. 4 sylvestris, Homo, ii. 194 syndactyla, Siamanga, ii. 166 syndactylus, Pithecus, ii. 166 Hylobates, ii. 120, 146, 151, 152, 153, 166, 249 Simia, ii. 166 Talapoin, ii. 82 talapoin, Cercopithecus, ii. 82, 245 Miopithecus, ii. 82 Simia, ii. 82 Tamarin, Black and Red, i. 145 Black-fronted, i. 143 Bonneted, i. 143 Brown-headed, i. 144 Deville's, i. 143 Geoffroy's, i. 139 Illiger's, i. 145 Lacépéde's, i. 148 Midas, i. 148 Moustached, i. 142 Negro, i. 148 Pied, i. 147 Red-bellied, i. 141 Silky, i. 138 White-lipped, i. 141 Yellow-tailed, i. 144 tantalus, Cercopithecus, ii. 62 Guenon, ii. 62 tarandus, Cervus, ii. 218 tardigradus, Lemur, i. 33 Nycticebus, i. 33, 285; ii. 249 Stenops, i. 31 Tarsier, Dusky-handed, i. 21 Spectral, i. 20 Tarsiidæ, i. 18 Tarsius, i. 18; ii. 225, 237 fischeri, i. 21 fuscomanus, i. 21 fuscus, i. 21; ii. 249, 250 spectrum, i. 20, 285 tarsius, Lemur, i. 20 Tarsius tarsius, i. 20, 21, 118, 285; ii. 249 Tartarin, Le, i. 272, 274 tchego, Troglodytes, ii. 195 Tcheli Macaque, ii. 26 tcheliensis, Macacus, ii. 26, 27, 242 Telmalestes, i. 119 temminckii, Colobus, ii. 91 tenebrosus, Adapis, i. 120; ii. 242, 252 tephrops, Cercopithecus, ii. 55 Theropithecus, i. 252, 276; ii. 228, 240 gelada, i. 245, 263, 276, 277, 279 obscurus, i. 278 senex, i. 276, 278 thersites, Presbytis, ii. 103, 109 Thick-furred Capuchin, i. 217 thibetanus, Macacus, ii. 8 Thinolestes, i. 119 thomasi, Opolemur, i. 63 Semnopithecus, ii. 116, 117, 119, 249 Thomas' Fat-tailed Lemur, i. 63 Thomas's Langur, ii. 119 tholloni, Piliocolobus, ii. 92 Thoth Baboon, i. 268 thoth, Cynocephalus, i. 268 Papio, i. 268; ii. 245 Three-banded Douroucoli, i. 168 Three-cusped Guenons, ii. 44 tichorhinus, Rhinoceros, ii. 218 Titi, Black-fronted, i. 164 Black-handed, i. 165 Grey, i. 165 Masked, i. 163 Orabassu, i. 162 Ornate, i. 162 Red, i. 160 Red-backed, i. 158 Red-bellied, i. 164 Reed, i. 161 White-chested, i. 161 White-collared, i. 159 titi, Œdipus, i. 140 Titis, i. 248 Toque, ii. 34, 35 Macaque, ii. 33, 34 Tomitherium, i. 120, 121; ii. 227, 238 rostratum, i. 121; ii. 252 torquata, Callithrix, i. 159, 161; ii. 255 torquatus, Cebus, i. 159 Callithrix, i. 159, 161 tournesarti, Plesiadapis, i. 118; ii. 242 trarensis, Macacus, ii. 213, 243 Tree-walkers, ii. 148 trepida, Simia, i. 211 trichotis, Chirogale, i. 9, 52 Chirogaleus, i. 52 trivirgatus, Aotus, i. 168 Nyctipithecus, i. 168; ii. 255 Troglodytes, ii. 180, 187, 188 aubryi, ii. 194 calvus, ii. 199 gorilla, ii. 180 kooloo-kamba, ii. 199 leucoprymnus, ii. 194 mimetes, ii. 194 niger, ii. 194 savagei, ii. 180 schweinfurthi, ii. 194 tchego, ii. 195 vellerosus, ii. 194 troglodytes, Anthropopithecus, ii. 194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 202 Mimetes, ii. 199 Simia, ii. 194 Tropicolobus rufomitratus, ii. 88 tschudii, Lagothrix, i. 222 tuberifer, Eriodes, i. 226, 227 Tufted Capuchin, i. 212 Tufted-eared Guenons, ii. 44 tutus, Pelycodus, i. 122; ii. 252 typicus, Cheirogaleus, i. 50, 51 Uakarí, Bald, i. 177 Black-headed, i. 175 Uakarí Monkeys, i. 174, 248 Red, i. 176 unicolor, Cebus, i. 209, 217 ursina, Alouatta, i. 198; ii. 210, 255, 256 Stentor, i. 193, 198 Ursine Guereza, ii. 93 Ursine Langur, ii. 122 ursinus, Colobus, ii. 93, 94, 95, 245 Cynocephalus, i. 263 Guereza, ii. 94 Mycetes, i. 198 Presbytis, ii. 122, 123 Semnopithecus, ii. 114, 122, 250 Stentor, i. 198 ursula, Hapale, i. 148 ursulus, Midas, i. 140, 147, 148, 149; ii. 255 usta, Chrysothrix, i. 154; ii. 255, 256 Saimiris, i. 154 Van Beneden's Guereza, ii. 87 Varecia, i. 65 nigra, i. 69 Variegated Capuchin, i. 211 Spider-Monkey, i. 221, 231 variegatus, Ateles, i. 231, 233; ii. 255 Cebus, i. 210, 211, 213; ii. 256 Hylobates, ii. 152, 160 Indris, i. 107 Pithecus, ii. 159 Simia, ii. 160 varius, Lemur, i. 68 Pithecus, ii. 159 vellerosus, Ateles, i. 128, 129, 236, 244; ii. 254 Cebus, i. 208, 217; ii. 256 Colobus, ii. 94, 95, 245 Guereza, ii. 95 Pterycolobus, ii. 95 Semnopithecus, ii. 94 Troglodytes, ii. 194 verreauxi, Propithecus, i. 100, 102, 286 Verreaux's Sifaka, i. 100 versicolor, Cebus, i. 213, 215 verus, Colobus, ii. 87, 245 Procolobus, ii. 88 Vervet Guenon, ii. 60 veter, Cercopithecus, ii. 18 Silenus, ii. 19 Simia, ii. 113 vetulus, Cercopithecus, ii. 112 vicarius, Hyopsodus, i. 123; ii. 252 vidua, Saguinus, i. 159 villosa, Alouatta, i. 199 villosus, Mycetes, i. 128, 199; ii. 254 vociferans, Nyctipithecus, i. 129, 169, 170 Von der Decken's Sifaka, i. 101 vulgaris, Jacchus, i. 132 Wau-wau Gibbon, ii. 154, 156 Weasel-like Sportive-Lemur, i. 80 weddelli, Hapale, i. 143 Midas, i. 143, 144; ii. 255 Weeping Çai, i. 216 Weeper Capuchin, i. 215 werneri, Cercopithecus, ii. 58 Werner's Guenon, ii. 58 White-cheeked Capuchin, i. 208 White-cheeked Gibbon, ii. 158 White-chested Titi, i. 161 White-collared Mangabey, ii. 38 Titi, i. 159 White-crowned Mangabey, ii. 39 White-eared Marmoset, i. 134 White-faced Lemur, i. 73 White-fronted Capuchin, i. 213, 215 White-fronted Marmoset, i. 134 White-footed Sportive-Lemur, i. 89 White-handed Gibbon, ii. 159, 160 White-handed Lemur, i. 74 White-headed Saki, i. 185 White-lipped Guenon, ii. 72 White-lipped Tamarin, i. 141 White-nosed Saki, i. 188 White-shouldered Marmoset, i. 133 White-tailed Guereza, ii. 98, 99 White-thighed Guereza, ii. 94 White-throated Capuchin, i. 206, 207 White-whiskered Coaita, i. 239 White-whiskered Spider-Monkey, i. 239 White Monkeys, ii. 115, 116 wolfi, Cercopithecus, ii. 79, 245 Wolf's Guenon, ii. 79 Woolly Avahi, i. 94 Woolly Monkeys, i. 204, 220, 221, 248 Woolly Spider-Monkeys, i. 204, 224, 225, 248 wurmbii, Papio, ii. 170 Pithecus, ii. 171 Pongo, ii. 170 Simia, ii. 171 xanthocephalus, Cebus, i. 209 Xanthochroi, ii. 208, 223 xanthomystax, Prosimia, i. 71 Yellow Baboon, i. 265 Yellow-handed Howler, i. 197 Yellow-tailed Tamarin, i. 144 zitteli, Microchærus, i. 116; ii. 241

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