VOCABULARY

A

á, to, in, at, on, upon, for, into, by; — que, until (after verbs of waiting, etc.); ¿— qué? why?

abajo, below.

abandonar, to abandon, yield.

abanico, m., fan.

abdicar, to abdicate, give up.

abierto, see abrir.

abogada, f., advocate, patron.

abogado, m., lawyer.

aborrecer, to abhor, hate.

aborrezco, see aborrecer.

abrazar, to embrace.

abrazo, m., embrace.

abreviar, to abridge, cut short; abrevia, be brief, cut it short.

abrigo, m., overcoat.

abrir, to open; —se paso, to burst forth, break out.

absolutamente, absolutely.

absoluto, -a, absolute; en —, absolutely.

abstraído, -a, absorbed.

abuela, f., grandmother.

aburrido, -a, bored, impatient, vexed.

aburrimiento, m., tedium, ennui.

aburrir, to bore, tire.

abusar (de), to abuse, take advantage of.

acá, here, hither.

acabar, to end, finish, be done; — de, to have just, finish; —se, to end; ... y se acabó, and that's all there is to it, and that's enough.

acabose, m. (acabó-se), end of it all.

acaparador, m., forestaller, monopolist, cornerer (of the market).

acariciar, to caress.

acaso, perhaps, perchance; ¿— (followed by an interrogative phrase), can it be that...?; por si —, with a view to contingencies, in case that (the rest to fit the context).

acatar, to respect, revere.

acción, f., action; cuento en —, dramatized story, play;

poner en —, to dramatize, play.

acento, m., accent, pronunciation.

aceptar, to accept.

acercar, to bring near; —se (á), to approach, draw near, go up to.

acomodar, to suit, please.

acompañar, to accompany, conduct.

acompasadamente, rhythmically.

aconsejar, to counsel, advise.

acordar, to remind; —se (de), to remember.

acordeón, m., accordion.

acostar, to put to bed; —se, to go to bed.

acostumbrar (á), to be accustomed, be in the habit.

actitud, f., attitude.

acto, m., act.

actor, m., actor.

actual, actual, present.

acuerd-a, -as, see acordar.

acuerdo, m., agreement, harmony; estar de —, to be of one mind, be agreed.

acueste, see acostar.

adefesio, m., ridiculous person, "fright."

adelante, forward; used imperatively, come in.

además, adv., besides; — de, prep., besides.

adentro, within, inside.

adiós, good-bye; ¡—! that's the last straw! it's no use!

administración, f., administration.

admirable, admirable.

admiración, f., admiration, wonder.

admitir, to admit, accept.

adonde, whither, where.

adoquín, m., paving-stone, blockhead.

adormidera, f., poppy, essence of poppies.

adulador, m., flatterer.

advertir, to warn, inform.

afabilidad, f., affability.

afán, m., eager desire, eagerness.

afectuoso, -a, kind, gracious.

afición, f., liking, fondness.

aficionado, -a (á), fond (of).

afligir, to afflict, grieve, mortify.

aflojar, to loosen.

afortunadamente, fortunately.

agarrar, to grasp; —se, to hold on, catch hold.

agradable, agreeable.

agradar, to please, suit.

agradecer, to be grateful for; —le á uno una cosa, to thank one for something.

agradezco, see agradecer.

agua, f., water.

aguador, m., water-carrier.

aguantar, to endure, bear, put up with.

aguardar, to await, wait for.

¡ah! ah!

ahí, there (near the person addressed); — tiene usted, there is; — me tiene usted, there I am; — van..., there are...

ahogar, to choke; —se, to choke (intrans.).

ahora, now, presently; — mismo, just now; hasta —, so far; por —, just now, for the present.

ahorcar, to hang.

ahorrar, to save, economize.

airado, -a, angry.

aire, m., air.

¡ajajá! haha!

ajusticiar, to execute, put to death.

al = á + el or á + él.

alcalde, m., mayor.

alces, see alzar.

alcoba, f., bedroom.

Alcobendas, prop. noun.

alcohol, m., alcohol.

aldaba, f., knocker (of a door); tener muy buenas —s, to have influential friends, have a "pull."

alegrar, to cheer, enliven; —se, to be glad, rejoice.

alegre, happy, joyful, cheerful, gay, joyous.

alegría, f., joy, joyfulness, happiness.

alejarse, to withdraw, go away.

aleve, base, perfidious.

alfiler, m., pin.

algo, something, anything; adv., somewhat.

algodón, m., cotton.

algodoncito, m., small piece of cotton.

alguien, someone, anyone, somebody; ¿hay —? is someone there?; ¿habrá —? I wonder if someone is there.

algún, see alguno.

alguno, -a, some, any, someone, anyone.

alimentar, to nourish, feed.

aliviar, to alleviate, relieve; —se, to be relieved, get relief, feel better.

alivio, m., relief.

alma, f., soul.

almorzar, to eat the first heavy meal of the day, lunch.

alojarse, to stop, lodge (in a hotel).

alpiste, m., canary-seed.

alterarse, to get angry, get irritated.

alto, -a, high; en —, raised, in the air.

alzar, to raise; — el gallo, to speak loudly and insolently; —se, to rise.

allá, thither, there; ¡— tú! that is your lookout; vamos —, come on, let's be about it.

allí, there; por —, over there.

amabilidad, f., amiability, kindness, kind act.

amable, amiable, pleasant, agreeable.

amar, to love.

amargar, to embitter.

amargura, f., bitterness.

ambos, -as, both.

amenazador, -ora, threatening.

amenazar, to threaten.

amenizar, to make agreeable, adorn, grace, beautify.

ameno, -a, pleasant, agreeable.

americana, f., sack-coat.

amigo, m., friend.

amo, m., master.

amor, m., love; — propio, personal pride; al — de la lumbre, by the fireside.

amueblar, to furnish.

ancho, -a, broad, wide.

anchura, f., width; pl., width, fulness, breadth.

andaluz, -uza, Andalusian.

andana; llamarse —, to fail to do what is expected of one, back out (of an obligation or situation).

andar, to go, walk; ¡anda! interj., emphasizes persuasive force of a request, go on; come now, well, well; has a conciliatory force, there now, there, there; expresses surprise, ¡Anda, como arde! Gracious, how it burns!; andando, go ahead; ¡ande usted pronto! be quick about it!

ángel, m., angel; cabello de —, a confection made with the fruit of the calabash-tree and shredded to resemble strands of hair.

ángulo, m., angle, corner.

anhelante, eager, anxious.

animadamente, excitedly, in an animated manner.

animadete, rather lively.

animal, m., animal; dunce, blockhead.

animar, to animate, cheer, encourage; —se, to become animated, get courage, cheer up.

ánimo, m., courage.

anoche, last night.

ante, prep., before, in front of, in the presence of.

antecedente, m., antecedent; pl., previous facts, information.

antepasados, m. pl., ancestors, forefathers.

antes, adv., before, ahead; —de, prep., before; — (de) que, conj., before.

anticipadamente, in advance.

antigüedad, f., antiquity, length of service.

antiguo, -a, ancient, old, former.

antipático, -a, antipathetic, unsociable, disagreeable.

anunciar, to announce.

año, m., year; á los quince —s, at the age of fifteen.

aonde, mispronunciation of adónde.

aparador, m., sideboard.

aparato, m., apparatus.

aparecer, to appear, be seen.

aparentar, to feign, pretend.

apartar, to withdraw.

aparte, aside.

apasionadamente, passionately.

apellidar, to call, name.

apellido, m., surname, name.

apenas, hardly, scarcely.

apetito, m., appetite.

apocado, -a, mean-spirited, cowardly.

Apolo, m., Apollo.

aprobación, f., approbation, approval.

apropiado, -a, appropriate.

aprovechar, to make use of, take advantage of, improve, utilize; —se, to be of use; —se de, to take advantage of, profit by.

aproximarse (á), to draw near, approach.

aquel, -la, that.

aquél, -la, -lo, that, the one; aquello de, that (thing, remarks, etc.), about.

aquí, here; hé —, behold; por —, here, hither, this way, around here.

arder, to burn, blaze.

aritmética, f., arithmetic.

armar, to arm, equip, start, raise (said of disturbances or quarrels); — una bronca, to raise a row; —se un lío con, to get tangled up in.

armario, m., cabinet.

arraigado, -a, rooted, fixed.

arrancar, to pull out.

arranque, see arrancar.

arreglar, to arrange; —se, to get ready.

arrepentirse, to repent.

arrepintiéndose, see arrepentirse.

arriba, above, upstairs.

arrimar, to place near; — el ascua á su sardina, to look out for number one.

arrodillarse, to kneel.

arrojar, to throw, throw away, cast.

asaltar, to assault, surprise, strike.

ascender, to rise, advance, be promoted.

ascua, f., glowing coal.

asegurar, to assure, assert.

asesino, m., assassin.

así, thus, so, like this; —como —, at any rate; ¡—fuese...! would that it were so...!; ¿es — como...? is this how...? is this the way...?

asiento, m., seat.

asistir (á), to be present, attend.

asomar, to show, present to view; hacer —, to cause to appear, bring out.

aspaviento, m., gesture of affected surprise or fear.

asqueroso, -a, nasty, disgusting.

asunto, m., affair, business matter; gestionar un —, to attend to a business matter.

asustar, to frighten.

atención, f., attention.

atender (á), to attend to, give heed to.

aterrar, to frighten, terrify.

Atilano, prop. noun.

atormentar, to torment, give pain.

atractivo, m., charm, grace.

atragantarse, to choke (from food).

atrapar, to catch.

atreverse (á), to venture, dare.

atrevido, -a, bold.

atrocidad, f., absurdity, nonsense.

atroz, atrocious, fearful.

aturdir, to confuse, bewilder, rattle.

aumento, m., increase.

aun, aún, even, still; —cuando, although; ni —, not even.

aunque, although.

ausentarse, to absent oneself, be away.

autor, m., author.

autoridad, f., authority.

auxiliar, m., assistant.

auxiliar, to aid, assist.

auxilio, m., aid.

avance, m., advance, assault; dar un — á, to accost a person for help of some kind, to give one a "brace."

avanzar, to advance.

Ave (Latin), hail; ¡— María! Good Heavens! Did you ever hear of such a thing!

avilantez, f., audacity, insolence.

avisar, to notify, inform.

aviso, m., notice; hasta nuevo —, until further notice.

¡ay! (interj. expressing pain; not always translatable), oh! alas! Goodness!

ayudante, m., assistant.

ayudar, to aid, help.

ayuntamiento, m., municipal council; secretario del —, town clerk.

azogado, m. (from azogue, quicksilver), one who suffers from a nervous trembling which comes from protracted labor in a quicksilver mine, or from excessive use of mercury as a drug; temblar como un —, to tremble like a leaf.

azucarillo, m., preparation of sugar, whites of eggs, and a flavoring substance. It is made into a long stick which dissolved in water affords a sweetened drink very popular in Spain.

B

bacalao, m., codfish, salt cod.

bachillerato, m., baccalaureate (first academical degree conferred in Spain); baccalaureate course.

¡bah! bah!

bailar, to dance.

baile, m., dance, ball.

bailecito, m. (dim. of baile), (little) dance.

bajar, to go down, descend.

bajito, adv., low, in a low voice.

bajo, -a, low.

bajo, prep., beneath, under, from.

balcón, m., balcony, casement window.

baldado, -a, paralyzed, crippled (with rheumatism).

banco, m., bench; sentarse en el — de la paciencia, to wait with the patience of Job.

banquero, m., banker.

barajar, to shuffle the cards; paciencia y —, patience! and shuffle the cards; be patient and stick to it.

barato, -a, cheap.

barbaridad, f., barbarity, atrocity, absurdity; ¡qué —! how absurd! how terrible! isn't it frightful? Goodness, just think of it!

bárbaro, -a, barbarian, rude, rough.

barbero, m., barber.

bastante, enough.

bastar, to suffice, be enough, ¡basta! enough! no more!

bastón, m., cane.

batín, m., dressing-gown.

batir, to beat; — palmas, to clap hands, beat time with the hands.

beber, to drink.

belleza, f., beauty.

bendecir, to bless.

bendito, -a, blessed, blest.

¡Berr! interj. expressing impatience or pain, whew!

berrido, m., bellowing; dar un —, to bellow.

besar, to kiss.

bien, m., good; mi —, my adored one.

bien, well, very well, certainly; está —, very well, all right; más —, rather.

billete, m., bank-note.

bizcocho, m., small cake, lady's finger.

bobada, f., folly, (bit of) foolishness.

bobo, -a, m. and f., dunce, fool.

boca, f., mouth.

boda, f., marriage, wedding.

bofetada, f., slap, cuff.

bolsillo, m., pocket.

bondad, f., goodness, kindness.

bondadoso, -a, kind.

bonito, -a, pretty.

bostezar, to yawn.

botella, f., bottle.

botón, m., button.

brasero, m., brazier, pan of coals.

¡bravo! interj., bravo!

brazo, m., arm.

breve, brief.

bribón, m., rascal.

brillante, brilliant.

brindar, to drink one's health, offer; —le con, to offer, afford.

bromita, f. (dim. of broma), joke, jest; pl., joking; ¡para —s está el hombre! the man is in a fine mood for joking!

bronca, f., quarrel, row; armar una —, to raise a rumpus (row).

brujería, f., witchcraft.

bruto, -a, stupid, brainless; subs., stupid fool.

buen, see bueno.

bueno, -a, good, fine, kind, well (said of health); as an interj., well, very well, there now, all right.

buho, m., owl.

burlón, -ona, mocking, sneering.

buscar, to seek, look for, get.

busqu-e, -es, see buscar.

butaca, f., armchair.

C

¡cá! interj., no, no indeed, by no means; humph.

caballeresco, -a, chivalrous, of chivalry.

caballerito, m., young gentleman, Sir; ¡—! my dear young Sir (ironical).

caballero, m., gentleman, sir.

cabello, m., hair; — de ángel, confection made with the fruit of the calabash-tree and shredded to resemble strands of hair.

caber, to be contained, find room; no me caben tantas cosas en la cabeza, my head won't hold so many things.

cabeza, f., head.

cabo, m., end; al — y al fin, after all, after all is said and done.

cacique, m., political boss.

cada, each, every; — cual, each one.

caer, to fall; — en, to understand, comprehend; —se, to fall.

café, m., café.

caig-a, -o, see caer.

cajón, m., drawer.

calamar, m., calamary, squid.

calar, to perforate, pierce; — un melón, to tap a melon (to try its flavor).

calavera, f., skull.

calces, see calzar.

calceta, f., stocking; hacer —, to knit.

calcetín, m., half-hose, sock.

calificativo, m., term, epithet.

calmar, to calm, quiet; —se, to subside.

calor, m., heat.

calzar, to put on (shoes); —se una cosa, to get, obtain.

calzón, m., breeches; — corto, knee-breeches.

callado, -a, silent, quiet, taciturn.

callar, to silence, be silent; ¡calla! hush; ¡calle! well, well! Goodness!; ¡á —! be silent! keep quiet!; —se, to hush, be silent.

calle, f., street.

callo, m., corn (on the foot).

cama, f., bed.

camandulero, m., hypocritical rogue.

Camilo, prop. noun.

camino, m., road, way.

canario, m., canary-bird.

canasto, m., basket; ¡—s! interj., Gee whiz! Gracious!

cancán, m., cancan.

Canchalagua (medicinal herb), prop. noun.

candoroso, -a, guileless.

cansado, -a, tired.

cantar, to sing.

capa, f., cape; hacer de su — un sayo, to do as one pleases.

capricho, m., caprice, whim.

cara, f., face; poner buena —á, to look pleasantly at, be agreeable to.

caracol, m., snail; ¡—es! interj., denoting surprise, Gee whiz! Great Scott!

¡caracolitos! (dim. of caracoles), Gracious! Goodness!

carácter, m., character, disposition.

¡caramba! interj., My! Gracious!

¡carambita! (dim. of caramba), Goodness!

cargamento, m., load.

cargar, to load, annoy, weary, bore; — con, to burden oneself with.

cargo, m., charge; hacerse — de, to form an idea of, look after properly.

cargue, see cargar.

caries, f., caries, decayed tooth.

cariño, m., affection, affectionateness.

cariñoso, -a, affectionate.

Carmen, prop. noun.

Carmencita, prop. noun, dim. of Carmen.

carne, f., flesh, meat.

caro, -a, dear, costly.

carrillo, m., cheek; comer á dos —s, to eat heartily, hold two lucrative offices.

carta, f., letter.

cartera, f., portfolio, office of a cabinet minister.

casa, f., house, home, estates, family; — de préstamos, pawnshop, loan company; á —, home (motion); á —de..., to...'s (house); en —, at home, in (our) home; buscar —, to look for a place (as a servant).

casar, to marry; —se, to get married; —se con, to marry.

casi, almost.

Casilda, prop. noun.

caso, m., case, occasion, opportunity; hacer — de (á), to heed, notice, take notice of; hacer al —, to be to the point; no servir para el —, not to be worth anything, to be good for nothing.

¡cáspita! interj., the deuce!

¡caspitina! (dim. of cáspita), the deuce!

Casta, prop. noun.

castañear, to snap (said of the fingers).

Castilla, f., Castile.

casualidad, f., chance, accident; ¡qué —! what a coincidence!; por —, by chance; ni por —, not in the least.

catorce, fourteen.

causa, f., cause.

causar, to cause.

cayendo, see caer.

cebada, f., barley.

cebollino, m., young onion, chive; mandar á escardar —s, to send to the devil.

ceder, to yield, give in, give up.

celebrar, to be delighted, be glad, rejoice.

cencerrada, f., charivari; tin-pan serenade.

centésimo, -a, hundredth.

centro, m., center.

cepillo, m., (tooth) brush.

cerdo, m., hog.

cereal, m., cereal, grain.

cerillita, f., (wax) match.

cerrar, to shut, close.

cesante, m., discharged office-holder, ex-government employé; dejar —, to remove from office, discharge; quedar —, to lose one's position.

cesar, to cease, stop.

cielo, m., sky, heaven; poner el grito en el —, to scream, shriek; tocar el — con las manos, to boil over, be furious.

cierra, see cerrar.

cierto, -a, certain, a certain; por —, certainly.

cigarrera, f., cigar factory girl.

cigarrillo, m., cigarette.

cinco, five.

cincuenta, fifty.

circunstancia, f., circumstance.

citar, to cite, quote, make an appointment with.

claro, -a, clear; adv., clearly; ¡—! evidently, naturally.

clase, f., class, kind.

Claudio, Claudius.

clavar, to fix, fasten, stick in.

cliente, m., patient.

clorete, mispronunciation of colorete.

cobrar, to collect, receive (salary).

cocaína, f., cocaine.

cocinilla, f., spirit-lamp.

codo, m., elbow; dar con el —, to nudge.

coger, to take, take up, seize.

cojo, -a, lame, crippled.

cola, f., tail, train (of a gown).

colar, to strain, drain, filter; —se, to run down the throat (said of wine, etc.).

colegio, m., (secondary) school.

colocar, to put, place; ser colocado, to receive a position, get a job.

color, m., color, blush; de — de rosa, rose-colored, bright.

colorete, m., rouge.

combinación, f., arrangement.

comedia, f., play, comedy.

comedor, m., dining-room.

comer, to eat; — á dos carrillos, to eat heartily, hold two lucrative offices; —se algo, to eat, eat up something.

comerciante, m., merchant.

cómico, -a, comic.

como, as, like, as if, since, inasmuch as; followed by subjunctive clause, unless, provided that; — que, since, inasmuch as.

¿cómo? how? what?; ¿— que no? most assuredly.

compañero, m., companion, colleague, associate.

complacer, to please, accommodate.

completamente, completely.

completo, -a, complete; por —, completely.

componer, to compose, repair, arrange, mend; —se, to dress up, "fix oneself up."

composición, f., composition, literary work.

comprar, to buy.

comprender, to understand, comprehend, include, apply to.

comprometer, to compromise; —se (á), to bind oneself, promise; —se con alguien, to enter into an engagement with someone.

comprometido, -a, bound, under obligation.

compromiso, m., bond, obligation, engagement.

compuesto, -a (see componerse), dressed up (a vulgarism in this sense).

común, common.

comunicar, to communicate, make known.

comunicativo, -a, communicative, affable.

con, with, by, in.

conceder, to concede, grant, accord.

concesión, f., concession.

conciencia, f., conscience.

concluir, to conclude, finish, end matters, put an end to; hemos concluído, it's all over between us.

concluyamos, see concluir.

conducta, f., conduct.

confesar, to confess.

confianza, f., confidence, freedom, intimacy.

confiar (en), to confide, trust.

confieso, see confesar.

conformarse (con), to put up with, become resigned to.

conforme, according as; — para, according to, that depends on.

Congo, m., Congo.

congreso, m., congress, congressional hall (i.e., el Palacio del Congreso); Congreso de diputados, Congress, Spanish house of representatives.

congrio, m., conger-eel.

conjunto, m., combination, aggregation, mass.

conmigo, with me.

conmovedor, -ora, affecting, touching.

conmover, to move, touch (said of the emotions).

conmueve, see conmover.

conocer, to know, perceive, recognize, observe; se conoce, it is evident, it is plain.

conocido, m., acquaintance.

conocido, -a, well-known.

conozco, see conocer.

conque, conj., now then, well then, so.

consecuencia, f., consequence; á — de, as a result of.

conseguir, to get, succeed in.

consentir, to consent, allow; — (en), to consent (to).

conservar, to keep.

Conservatorio, m., Conservatory.

consideración, f., consideration.

considerar, to consider.

consiento, see consentir.

consistir, to consist.

conspirar, to conspire.

constar, impers., to be evident, be proven; conste, be it known.

consuelo, m., consolation, comfort, relief.

consulta, f., consultation.

consultar, to consult; — una cosa con alguien, to ask one's advice about something.

consumatum est (Lat.), it is finished.

contar, to count, tell, relate; — con, to count on.

contemplar, to contemplate.

contento, m., joy, satisfaction.

contento, -a, pleased, satisfied.

contestar, to reply, answer.

contigo, with thee, with you.

continuar, to continue.

contorsión, f., contortion.

contra, against.

contrariar, to vex, disappoint.

contrariedad, f., bad humor, dissatisfaction, vexation.

contrario, -a, contrary; al —, (the) opposite, on the contrary.

convendría, see convenir.

convenir, to be fitting, be expedient, be well, suit, behoove; me conviene, it behooves me; no conviene, one should not.

conversación, f., conversation.

convicción, f., conviction.

convidar, to invite.

conviene, see convenir.

conviniera, see convenir.

convite, m., invitation.

copa, f., goblet, cup; sombrero de —, high hat.

copiar, to copy.

copita, f., small glass, (small) wine glass.

coquetear, to flirt.

coquetería, f., coquetry.

coquetismo, m., coquettishness.

corazón, m., heart.

corbata, f., scarf, necktie.

correcto, -a, correct.

corregir, to correct; —se, to amend one's ways.

correr, to run; — prisa, to be urgent; no me corre prisa, I am not in a hurry; corriendo, run on, hurry.

Correspondencia, f., name of a Madrid newspaper.

corresponder (á), to reciprocate, return (a favor), requite; — á, to belong to, fall to.

corriente, ready; adv., all right, very well.

corriges, see corregir.

corrijo, see corregir.

corsé, m., corset.

cortar, to cut, cut off.

cortesano, m., courtier.

cortesano, -a, courtly, polite, complimentary, of the capital.

corto, -a, short.

cosa, f., thing, affair; — hecha, an accomplished fact; otra —, anything else, something else, otherwise; no hay tal —, not at all, nothing of the kind.

coser, to sew.

cosita, f., (little) thing.

Cosme, prop. noun.

costado, m., side; pl., maternal or paternal ancestry.

costar, to cost.

cotorra, f., small parrot, magpie, loquacious woman.

credencial, f., certificate of appointment, appointment.

credo, m., credo, creed.

creer, to believe; ¿Cree usted? Do you think so?; Creo que sí, I think so; ¡Ya lo creo! I should think (say) so!; ¡Ya lo creo que no! I should think not!; ¡Ya lo creo que...! You may bet that...!

criada, f., servant-girl, maid.

criado, m., man-servant.

crónico, -a, chronic.

cuadrar, to square; —se, to show firmness.

cuadro, m., picture, scene, frame, case.

cual, which, what; el —, la —, lo —, who, which; cada —, each one.

¿cuál? cuál (indirect question), which? what? which one? what one?

cualidad, f., quality.

cualquier, see cualquiera.

cualquiera, any, any... whatever, anyone, anybody, either one.

cuando, when; aun —, conj., although.

cuanto, -a, how much, as much, as much as, whatever, all that; pl., as many, so many, as many as, all the; todo —, all that; á cuantas partes sea necesario, everywhere necessary.

¿cuánto? how much?; pl., how many?

¡cuánto! how much! how!

cuanto, adv., as much as; en —, conj., as soon as; en — á, prep., as for.

cuarenta, forty.

cuarto, m., room, small copper coin, cent (used vaguely to express a trifling sum).

cuarto, -a, fourth.

cuatro, -a, four.

cubierto, see cubrir.

cubrir, to cover.

cuclillas (en), adv., in a squatting position; puesto en —, squatting, crouching.

cuela, see colar.

cuello, m., neck.

cuenta, f., count, account; darse — de, to notice, realize; echar la —, to calculate, form an estimate; tener — una cosa, to be profitable, be of advantage.

cuentan, see contar.

cuento, m., story, tale; — en acción, dramatized story.

cuerda, f., cord, string.

cuerdamente, prudently, advisedly.

cuero, m., leather, hide; en —s, naked, destitute.

cuerpo, m., body; tener el diablo en el —, to be lively, be full of mischief.

cuesta, f., back, hill, slope; á —s, on one's back.

cuest-a, -e, see costar.

cuestión, f., question, matter, affair, dispute, quarrel.

cueva, f., cave.

cuidado, m., care; ¡—! notice! take care! beware!; ¡— con...! beware of! look out for! it's a caution!

culpa, f., fault; tener la —, to be to blame, be one's fault.

culpable, guilty, blame-worthy.

cumplido, m., compliment, formality; nada de —s, no formality.

cumplir, to fulfil, carry out.

curar, to cure.

Currito, familiar for Francisco.

cursi, cheap, vulgar, shabby-genteel.

cutis, m., skin.

cuyo, -a, whose, of which.

Ch

chanchullo, m., peculation, fishy transaction, "graft."

chasco, m., joke, disappointment.

chico, m., small boy, lad, young fellow.

chico, -a, small.

chimenea, f., fireplace.

china, f., pebble; a boy's game in which one of the participants guesses which of the other's hands contains the pebble. If he chooses the hand holding the pebble, he loses. Hence, tocarle á uno la —, to draw the unlucky pebble, be the unlucky one.

chiquirritito, very, very small.

chistecito, m. (dim. of chiste), little joke, joke.

chocar, to shock.

D

dañar, to injure, impair, affect.

daño, m., harm, injury; hacer — á, to harm, injure, hurt.

dar, to give, cause, strike, attack, seize (said of pains); — un avance á, to accost a person for help of some kind, give one a "brace"; — con el codo, to nudge with the elbow; — en, to hit, strike; — golpe, to excite admiration, create a furor; — gusto (á), to please; —le á uno intenciones (de), to have a mind to; — media vuelta, to turn half around, turn one's back on a person; — al olvido, to forget, cast into oblivion; — prisa á, to hurry; — la puntilla, to deal the final blow, give the coup de grâce; — vergüenza á, to shame, make ashamed; — voces, to shout; — la vuelta, to return; dale que le das, without stopping, persistently; lo mismo da, it's all the same; me das lástima, I pity you; no me da la gana, I don't want to; como les da la gana, as they please; déle expresiones, remember me kindly to him; —se cuenta de, to notice, realize; —se por, to consider oneself as; —se prisa, to hurry; —se tono, to pose, put on airs.

de, of, as, at, with, by, in, on, to, from, about; than (before numerals or a clause beginning with lo or lo que).

dé, see dar.

debajo de, prep., under.

deber, to owe, should, must, ought; — de (+ inf.), ought, to be to (expresses probability); —se, to be owing, be due.

débil, weak.

debilidad, f., weakness, faintness of the stomach.

decente, decent, proper, nice.

decidido, -a (á), decided, ready.

decidir, to decide; —se, to decide, make up one's mind.

decir, to say, tell; es —, that is to say, I mean; querer —, to mean; digo, I mean, that is (to correct a previous statement); ¡digo! interj., my! I declare! I should say!

dedicar, to dedicate, devote.

dedo, m., finger, finger-breadth.

deducir, to deduce, infer.

dejar, to let, allow, leave, let go, let alone; — cesante, to remove from office, discharge; — de, to cease, quit, fail; — plantado, to desert, drop, give up, "turn down"; —se de, to give up, renounce, cease, leave off.

del = de + el.

delante, adv., in front; — de, prep., before, in front of.

delirio, m., delirium, madness; con —, madly.

demás; por lo —, otherwise.

demasiado, -a, too much, too great, excessive; adv., too, too much.

demente, demented, mad.

demonio, m., demon, devil; ¡—! the deuce!

demostrar, to demonstrate, show.

demuestra, see demostrar.

den, see dar.

dentadura, f., set of teeth.

dentista, m., dentist; profesor —, doctor of dental surgery.

dentro, adv., within, inside.

depender (de), to depend (on).

deplorable, deplorable.

derecho, -a, right; la derecha, the right hand.

desagradar, to displease.

desahogado, -a, in comfortable circumstances.

desahogarse, to unbosom oneself, give vent to one's feelings.

desahogo, m., ease, comfort.

desahogue, see desahogarse.

desaparecer, to disappear.

desatinar, to bewilder, perplex, drive distracted.

descansar, to rest, repose.

descarado, -a, impudent, saucy.

desconocido, -a, unknown.

descorchar, to uncork.

descortés, discourteous.

descubrir, to discover, make known, disclose.

descuidado, careless, negligent.

descuidar, to neglect; descuide usía, have no fear.

desde, prep., from, since; — que, conj., since, from the moment that; — chico, from the time he was a small boy; — luego, naturally, of course.

desdén, m., disdain, scorn.

desear, to desire.

desempeñar, to redeem; to fill or discharge (an office).

desengaño, m., disillusion.

deseo, m., desire.

deseoso, -a, desirous.

desesperado, -a, desperate, in despair.

desgracia, f., misfortune.

desgraciadamente, unfortunately.

desgraciado, -a, unfortunate, wretched.

deshilacharse, to ravel, fuzz.

despacio, slowly, leisurely.

despecho, m., pique, spite, chagrin, mortification.

despedir, to dismiss, discharge, emit, radiate.

despide, see despedir.

despilfarro, m., prodigality, waste, extravagance; pl., idem.

desplegar, to unfold, display.

después, adv., later, afterwards; — de, prep., after; — que, conj., after.

desterrar, to drive away, dispel.

destinar, to destine, intend.

destino, m., employment, position, (government) job, public office.

desvanecerse, to faint.

desvanecido, -a, fainting.

desvergonzado, -a, shameless, impudent.

detalle, m., detail.

detener, to detain; —se, to stop, stay.

detengan, see detener.

detiene, see detener.

detrás, adv., after, behind; — de, prop., behind.

devanadera, f., spool, bobbin; tener las tripas como una —, to be in a state of worry and anger, be ready to burst with rage.

devocionario, m., prayer-book.

devolver, to return.

di, see decir.

día, m., day; el — menos pensado, some fine day, when least expected; (muy) buenos —s, good morning, good day, how do you do?; de —, by day, in the daytime; ocho —s, a week.

diablo, m., devil; tener el — en el cuerpo, to be very lively, be full of mischief.

diabólico, -a, diabolical.

diálogo, m., dialogue.

diario, -a, daily.

dic-e, -en, -es, -iendo, see decir.

dicho, -a (see decir), the said, aforesaid, the same.

dichoso, -a, happy, blessed.

diente, m., tooth.

d-iera, -ierais, -ieron, see dar.

diez, ten.

diferenciar, to differentiate, distinguish.

difícil, difficult.

difunto, -a, defunct, deceased.

dig-a, -as, -o, see decir.

digno, -a, worthy.

dij-e, -era, -imos, -iste, -o, see decir.

diluvio, m., deluge.

dineral, m., large sum of money.

dinero, m., money.

Dios, m., God; — mío, Good heavens! Oh dear!; hombre de —, man alive!; por —, for heaven's sake.

diputado, m., deputy, representative.

dir-é, -éis, -á, see decir.

dirección, f., direction.

dirigir, to direct; —se á, to move towards, address.

discípulo, m., pupil.

disclotao, mispronunciation of descotado, -a, in low neck, decolleté.

discurso, m., discourse, speech.

disgustar, to disgust, displease, disgruntle.

disgusto, m., disgust, displeasure, annoyance, worry.

disparate, m., nonsense, absurdity.

dispensar, to pardon, excuse; dispense usted, pardon me.

disponer, to dispose, dispose of, get ready.

dispongo, see disponer.

disposición, f., disposition, inclination, condition.

dispuesto, -a (see disponer), ready.

distraer, to distract, divert.

distrito, m., district.

dividir, to divide.

doce, twelve.

doctor, m., doctor.

doler, to ache, pain.

dolor, m., pain; — de muelas, toothache.

dominar, to dominate, control.

domingo, m., Sunday.

don, m., Don, Sir (followed by a Christian name).

donde, where; por —, whence; ¿dónde? where?

doña, f., Doña (followed by a Christian name).

dorado, -a, gilt, gilded.

dormir, to sleep; —se, to go to sleep; no —se en las pajas, to be vigilant, keep one's eye open.

dos, two; los —, las —, both.

dote, f., dowry.

doy, see dar.

drentro, mispronunciation of dentro.

duda, f., doubt; sin —, doubtless.

dudar, to doubt, hesitate.

duele, see doler.

dueño, m., owner, master.

duerma, see dormir.

dulce, sweet, soft, gentle.

dulzura, f., gentleness, tenderness.

durante, during.

durmiendo, see dormir.

duro, m., dollar.

E

é, and (before i- and hi-).

¡ea! there now, well.

económico, -a, economic.

echar, to throw, toss, cast; — la cuenta, to calculate, form an estimate; — mano, to put out one's hand; —de menos, to miss; — ojos, to cast eyes; —se, to lie down.

edad, f., age.

eh, eh, what?; ¿si, —? indeed? really?

ejem, interj., ahem.

ejemplo, m., example.

ejercer, to exercise, practice, follow (a profession, etc.).

ejercicio, m., exercise; pl., devotional reading, (military) drill.

el, la, lo, the; el que, la que, lo que, los que, las que, he who, the one who, etc.

él, la, lo, dem. pron., that.

él, ella, ello, he, him, she, her, it.

eléctrico, -a, electric.

elegir, to choose.

elemento, m., element.

elija, see elegir.

elixir, m., elixir; a compound tincture or medicine.

elocuente, eloquent.

elogio, m., eulogy, praise.

embargo, m., hindrance; sin —, nevertheless.

embrollar, to entangle, confuse.

embustera, f., liar.

emoción, f., emotion.

empapar, to soak, saturate.

empecemos, see empezar.

empeñar, to pledge, pawn; —se (en), to insist.

empeño, m., eagerness, determination, persistence; tener — (en) que, to be anxious, desire earnestly.

empezar, to begin.

empieza, see empezar.

empleado, m., employé, government clerk, office-holder.

emplear, to employ, engage, appoint (to public office).

empleo, m., employment, position, (government) job.

empujar, to push, shove.

en, in, on, to, at.

enaguas, f. pl., underskirt, petticoat.

enamorado, -a, enamoured, in love.

encanto, m., charm.

encargar, to charge, recommend, commission, enjoin.

encerrona, f., trap, snare (for persons), cf. pop. "put-up job."

encima, adv., above, on top; quitarle á uno de —, to remove, take off one's mind.

encontrar, to find, meet, consider; —se, to be; —se bien, to feel well; ¿me encuentras bien? Do I look well?; —se con, to meet, run across.

encuentr -a, -as, -o, see encontrar.

energía, f., energy.

enfermo, m., patient.

enfermo, -a, ill.

enganchar, to hook, entrap, catch.

engañador, -ora, deceitful, deceiving.

engañar, to deceive.

enhorabuena, f., congratulation; adv., happily, prosperously; quede usted — (polite phrase of leave-taking), good day, or my best wishes.

enhoramala, adv., in an evil hour, unpropitiously; vaya usted —, Go and bad luck to you! Go to blazes!

enjuagarse, to rinse one's mouth or teeth.

enjuague, m., tooth-wash, mouth-wash, water for rinsing the teeth, cup for rinsing.

enjuague, see enjuagarse.

enjugar, to wipe, dry.

ensayo, m., trial, rehearsal; haz tus ensayos, rehearse your part.

enseñar, to teach, show.

enseres, m. pl., implements, instruments.

ensuciar, to dirty.

entender, to understand; —se con, to come to an understanding with.

enterar, to inform; —se (de), to learn, find out.

entero, -a, entire, whole.

entiendo, see entender.

entonces, then.

entrar (en), to enter, go in; —se, to enter.

entre, between, among.

entreabrir, to half open.

entregar, to deliver, hand (over), give; —se, to surrender, submit.

entregue, see entregar.

entretener, to entertain, divert, amuse, occupy, keep, detain, take up one's time, dally with; —se, to while away time; no puedo —me, I can't delay.

entretenga, see entretener.

entristecer, to sadden.

entusiasmo, m., enthusiasm.

envidia, f., envy.

envidioso, -a, envious.

envolver, to wrap.

envuelto, see envolver.

época, f., epoch, time.

equipaje, m., baggage.

equivocarse, to be mistaken.

er-a, -amos, -as, -es, see ser.

erre, f., the letter R; — que —, obstinately, persistently, keep it up!

error, m., error, mistake.

es, see ser.

escalera, f., staircase, stairway.

escamar, to make distrustful; —se, to become distrustful, take offence, show resentment.

escándalo, m., scandal, commotion, fuss, row.

escardar, to weed, weed out; mandar á — cebollinos, to send (one) to the devil.

escasear, to be scarce.

escena, f., scene, stage.

Escorial, m., town of about three thousand inhabitants, situated some thirty miles northwest of Madrid, containing the famous Real sitio de San Lorenzo del Escorial, founded by Philip II.

escribiente, m., clerk.

escribir, to write.

escrito, -a, see escribir.

escritorio, m., writing-desk.

escuchar, to listen, listen to, hear.

ese, esa, that (near the person addressed).

ése, ésa, eso, that (near you), that one, the former, the aforesaid; eso es, that's right; eso de que..., the idea that..., the fact that...; y eso que..., and then, too, just think that...; por eso, on that account.

espacio, m., space.

espalda, f., back, shoulders; de —s á, back to.

espantajo, m., scarecrow, "fright."

España, f., Spain.

especialidad, f., specialty, master, adept.

espectáculo, m., spectacle, sight.

espejo, m., mirror.

espera, f., wait; sala de —, waiting-room.

esperanza, f., hope.

esperar, to hope, wait, await, wait for.

espíritu, m., spirit.

esposo, m., husband.

establecer, to establish.

estado, m., state, condition (whether married, single, or widowed).

estar, to be, remain, be present, be at home, be here, be there, be finished; está bien, very well, all right; — bien, to be well, look well; — de acuerdo, to be of one mind, be agreed; ¡estás fresco! you'll be disappointed; — en la gloria, to be in heaven (for joy), be in bliss; — en un grito, to be in constant pain; — para (+ inf.), to be about to; ¡Para bromitas está el hombre! The man is in a fine mood for jests!; — por (+ inf.), to be almost ready to, be inclined to; — en relaciones, to be engaged in a love-affair; — de vuelta, to have returned, be back; —se, to be, remain; estése usted quieto, behave yourself.

estatua, f., statue.

este, esta, this, the latter.

éste, ésta, esto, this one, this, this fellow, the latter.

est-é, -és, see estar.

estocada, f., stab, thrust.

estómago, m., stomach.

estorbar, to annoy, bother, be in the way.

estoy, see estar.

estrechar, to press, squeeze.

estrella, f., star.

estropear, to maim, spoil.

estuche, m., case; — de operaciones, instrument-case.

estudiar, to study.

estufa, f., stove.

estúpido, -a, stupid.

estuv-iera, -iese, see estar.

etcétera, et cetera, etc.

exageración, f., exaggeration.

exagerado, -a, extreme, exaggerated (in one's ideas or actions).

examinar, to examine.

excelencia, f., excellency.

excepción, f., exception.

exclamar, to exclaim.

exclusivamente, exclusively.

excusar, to excuse; —se (de), to apologize, ask to be excused.

explicar, to explain.

exponer, to expose; —se á, to run the risk of.

expresión, f., expression; pl., remembrance, respects; déle usted expresiones, remember me to him, give him my regards.

expresivo, -a, expressive, affectionate, cordial.

extender, to extend.

exterior, exterior, outside.

extracción, f., extraction.

extraer, to extract.

extranjero, m., foreigner, foreign countries; en el —, abroad.

extranjero, -a, foreign.

extraño, -a, strange, odd, rare.

extremeño, m., native of Extremadura (a province of Spain).

extremo, -a, extreme; en —, exceedingly.

F

fabricar, to manufacture.

facciones, f. pl., features.

fácilmente, easily.

facha, f., appearance, aspect, sight.

falda, f., skirt.

falso, -a, false, deceitful.

falta, f., lack, want, need; hacer —, to be necessary, be needed; ni hace —, it isn't necessary; á mí me hacen —, I need.

faltar, to fail, be lacking, be absent, fail to go; — á la verdad, to tell an untruth; ¡no faltaba más! that would be too much! the very idea!

familia, f., family.

famoso, -a, famous.

fantasma, m., fancy, chimera.

fastidiar, to annoy, bother, give annoyance.

fastidio, m., annoyance, nuisance; ¡Qué —! How annoying!

fatiga, f., fatigue; pl., hardship, anguish.

favor, m., favor; es —, you are very kind (in answer to a compliment); hacer el — de, to be so kind as to.

favorecer, to favor.

felicidad, f., joy, happiness.

Felipe, Philip.

feliz, happy.

felpudo, m., mat.

fenómeno, m., phenomenon.

feo, -a, ugly.

fervor, m., fervor.

fiel, faithful, true, exact.

fiera, f., wild beast.

fiesta, f., feast, holiday, entertainment; hacer —s á, to fondle, dandle, play with.

figura, f., figure, form.

figurar, to figure, be represented as; —se, to imagine.

fijar, to fix; —se en, to notice closely.

filosofar, to philosophize.

fin, m., end; en —, finally, after all, in short; al cabo y al —, after all, after all is said and done; por —, finally.

fingir, to feign, dissemble.

finjamos, see fingir.

fino, -a, delicate, smooth.

finura, f., delicacy, courtesy.

firme, firm, solid.

físicamente, physically.

físico, -a, physical.

Fislomena, prop. noun, a mispronunciation of Filomena.

flechar, to pierce with an arrow; inspire love at first sight.

flor, f., flower.

Flores, prop. noun.

fluxión, f., inflammation, abscess.

fonda, f., hotel, tavern.

fondo, m., background.

forcejear, to struggle.

forceps, m., forceps.

forma, f., form, manner.

formal, formal.

foro, m., back (of a stage).

fortuna, f., fortune; por —, fortunately.

frac, m., dress-coat.

francamente, frankly, candidly.

Francisco, Francis.

Francisquito (dim. of Francisco), Francis.

franco, -a, frank, open.

franqueza, f., frankness.

frasco, m., flask, vial, bottle.

frasquito, m., small flask, small bottle.

Frasquito, colloquial for Francisco.

frecuencia, f., frequency.

frecuentar, to frequent.

frecuente, frequent.

fregar, to scrub, scour.

frente, f., forehead.

frente, m., front; — á, in front of, before.

fresco, -a, fresh; ¡estás —! You'll be disappointed!

frialdad, f., coldness, coolness.

frío, m., cold, chill; tener —, to be cold, be chilly.

friolerilla, f. (dim. of friolera), trifle.

frotar, to rub.

fruto, m., fruit.

fu-é, -era, -eron, -ese, see ser or ir.

fuego, m., fire.

Fuentesaúco, prop. noun.

fuera, adv., out, outside; ¡—con! out with!; — de, out of.

fuerte, strong, severe.

fuerza, f., force, strength; de por —, violently, necessarily, without any doubt.

fumar, to smoke.

furioso, -a, furious, raging.

futura, f., betrothed, future wife.

futuro, -a, future.

G

gabinete, m., sitting-room, private office; — de operaciones, operating-room.

galante, gallant.

galantería, f., gallantry, courtesy.

gallinita, f., pullet.

gallo, m., cock; alzar el —, to speak loud and insolently.

gana, f., desire, inclination; pl., idem; tener —s (de), to desire, wish; como les da la —, as they please; no me da la —, I don't want to.

ganar, to gain, win, earn, make, surpass; á listo no te gana nadie, no one can surpass you in cleverness.

gancho, m., colloquial, charm, attractiveness, art of pleasing.

garbanzo, m., chick-pea.

García, prop. noun.

Garlopa (f., jack-plane), m., prop. noun.

gastar, to spend.

gasto, m., expense.

gazmoñería, f., hypocrisy, prudery.

generalmente, generally.

genio, m., temper, disposition.

gente, f., people; pl., idem; tratar á las —s, to go into the world, go into society.

gestionar, to arrange, look after; — un asunto, to attend to a business matter.

gesto, m., gesture.

gloria, f., glory, bliss, heaven; pl., glory; estar en la —, to be in bliss, be in heaven (for joy).

gobierno, m., government, administration.

goce, see gozar.

golpe, m., blow, shock; dar —, to excite admiration, create a furor.

golpecito, m., tap, light blow.

González, prop. noun; las de —, the González women.

gordo, -a, big, fat.

gozar (en), to enjoy, delight in.

gozoso, -a, joyful, gleeful.

gracia, f., grace, name; pl., thanks; —s á que no hay, thank goodness there is no...; ¿su — de usted? what is your name?; no hacerle — á uno, to displease one, not to please one, not to seem funny to one.

gracioso, -a, gracious, amusing, funny, witty.

gran, see grande.

grande, great, large, big.

grasa, f., grease, fat.

gratis, adv., gratis, free.

grato, -a, pleasant, pleasing, agreeable.

grave, grave, serious.

griego, -a, Greek.

gritar, to shout.

grito, m., shout, cry; á —s, shouting; estar en un —, to be in constant pain; poner el — en el cielo, to scream, shriek.

grosería, f., coarseness, rudeness, ill manners, act of discourtesy.

grosero, -a, rude, rough, coarse, uncivil.

guante, m., glove.

guapo, -a, good-looking, handsome, pretty, elegant.

guardar, to keep; —se, to hold back, keep back.

guardia, f., guard.

guasón, m., jester, joker.

guita, f., (slang) money.

gustar, to taste, enjoy, please, be agreeable, like; ¿le gusta á usted? Do you like?; á mí no me gusta, I do not like; ¡me gusta! how absurd! I like that!

gusto, m., taste, pleasure; dar — (á), to please; á —, pleasantly, in comfort; ¡qué —! how nice! isn't that fine!

H

h-a, -an, -as, see haber.

haber, to have; impers., to be; hay, there is, there are; ¿habrá alguien? I wonder if anyone is there?; — de (+inf.), to have to, be obliged, must, should, to be to; expressing futurity or likelihood, as usted no ha de volver, you will never return.

habilidad, f., ability, skill, accomplishment.

habitación, f., room.

hablar, to speak.

habr-á, -é, see haber and hay.

hacer, to do, make, cause, perform, render; — asomar, to bring (to view); — calceta, to knit; — de su capa un sayo, to do as one pleases; — caso de (á), to heed, notice, take notice of; — al caso, to be to the point; — daño á, to hurt, injure, harm; — falta, to be necessary, be needed; — el favor de, to be so kind as to; — fiestas á, to fondle, dandle, play with; no —le gracia á uno, to displease, not to please; —le á uno monadas, to ogle, cast sheep's eyes on; — un papel, to play a rôle; —suerte, to be lucky, successful; — traición, to be untrue, be disloyal; tener que —, to be busy, be occupied; —se cargo de, to form an idea of; —se ilusiones, to be deluded, deceive oneself; hace with expressions of time, for, ago: estoy sirviendo aquí — tres meses, I have been employed here for three months; — ocho días que no descanso, I have not rested for a week; — que no nos vemos muchos años, we have not seen each other for many years; — cuatro días que apenas como, I have hardly eaten for four days; — catorce años, fourteen years ago; — dos años, two years ago; — cuatro días, four days ago; — ya mucho que perdió usted, you lost... a long time ago; — poco, a short while ago.

hacia, prep., towards.

hacienda, f., property, estate, finance; Ministerio de —, Treasury, Department of Finance.

hache, f., the letter h.

hag-a, -an, -o, see hacer.

har-á, -é, -emos, see hacer.

haragán, -ana, idle, indolent.

hasta, prep., until, to, up to, as far as; — ahora, so far; — que, conj., until; adv., even.

hay (see haber), there is, there are; — que (+inf.), it is necessary, one must; ¿— alguien? is someone there?; ¿habrá alguien? I wonder if someone is there?; no ha habido, there has not been; no — quien..., there is no one who...; no — tal cosa, not at all, nothing of the kind.

hay-a, -áis, -an, see haber.

haz, see hacer.

hazaña, f., exploit.

he, see haber.

hé (probably imperative of ver); — aquí, behold.

hecho, see hacer; cosa hecha, an accomplished fact; esto es —, the thing is settled.

helado, -a, chilled, frozen.

hemos, see haber.

hermana, f., sister.

hermano, m., brother.

hermoso, -a, beautiful, lovely.

herrador, m., farrier, horse-shoer.

herrar, to shoe (horses).

hice, see hacer.

hija, f., daughter; sometimes used without reference to relationship, as in pero hija, llegas tarde, but my dear girl, you come too late.

hijo, m., son, child; —s míos, my children; sometimes used without reference to relationship, as in hijo mío, my dear fellow.

hilo, m., thread.

hipócrita, f., hypocrite.

historia, f., history.

hizo, see hacer.

hojear, to turn the leaves (of a book), glance over.

hola, interj. (expresses surprise or familiar greeting), Hello! Look here! well, well, haha!

holgazán, -ana, lazy.

hombre, m., man; interj., man alive! goodness! why!; —de Dios, man alive!

hombro, m., shoulder.

hondo, -a, deep, profound.

honradez, f., honesty.

honrado, -a, honest, honorable.

honrar, to honor.

honroso, -a, honorable.

hora, f., hour.

horca, f., gallows, gibbet.

horquilla, f., hair-pin.

horrible, horrible.

horror, m., horror.

hortelano, m., gardener; el perro del —, the dog in the manger.

hospedar, to give lodging to, harbor, entertain.

hospital, m., hospital.

hospitalidad, f., hospitality.

hoy, to-day.

hub-iera, -iéramos, -an, -as, -iese, see haber.

hueso, m., bone, tooth.

huir, to flee.

humor, m., humor, disposition.

humorado, -a; mal —, ill-humored.

I

i, f., the letter i; poner los puntos sobre las íes, to speak to the point.

ib-a, -amos, -an, see ir.

idea, f., idea.

idem, idem, likewise.

idilio, m., idyl.

iglesia, f., church.

ignorar, not to know.

igual, equal, like, alike, same, the same, similar.

igualar, to equalize, make alike, match.

igualmente, equally.

ilusión, f., illusion; hacerse —es, to be deluded, deceive oneself.

imaginación, f., imagination.

imbécil, m., fool, imbecile.

imbécil, silly, stupid.

impedir, to prevent.

impid-a, -e, see impedir.

implicar, to prevent.

importante, important.

importar, to import, matter.

imposible, impossible.

impresión, f., impression.

imprimir, to imprint, impress upon, stamp, impart.

inaugurar, to inaugurate, begin.

incluso, including.

incomodado, -a, angry.

incomodar, to disturb, inconvenience, offend, displease.

inconscientemente, unconsciously.

inconveniente, m., inexpediency, objection.

incorrecto, -a, imperfect, irregular.

independiente, independent, separate.

indicar, to show.

indiferente, indifferent.

indignación, f., indignation.

indigno, -a, unworthy.

inepto, -a, incompetent.

infame, m., wretch, scoundrel.

infamia, f., infamy, infamous act.

infancia, f., infancy, childhood, boyhood.

infeliz, m. and f., poor creature.

infeliz, unhappy, unfortunate.

inflamación, f., inflammation.

inflamado, -a, inflamed.

inflamar, to inflame.

informalidad, f., unconventionality, etiquette.

ingenuidad, f., candor, frankness.

ingrato, -a, ungrateful.

inhumano, -a, heartless, cruel.

inmediatamente, immediately.

inmenso, -a, immense.

innumerable, numberless.

Inocencia, prop. noun.

inocente, innocent.

insinuación, f., insinuation, innuendo.

insistir, to insist.

insolente, insolent.

insoportable, unbearable.

inspirar, to inspire.

instalar, to instal, quarter; —se, to come to live, take quarters.

instante, m., instant; al —, at once, immediately.

instruir, to instruct.

instrumento, m., instrument.

instruyendo, see instruir.

insufrible, unbearable.

intención, f., intention, purpose, desire, significance; me dan —es de, I have a mind to.

intento, m., purpose.

interesante, interesting.

interesar, to interest.

interior, interior, inside.

interpelación, f., question put by a member of a legislative assembly to a minister or member of the government.

interrumpir, to interrupt.

íntimo, -a, intimate.

inútil, useless.

inventar, to invent, concoct.

invierno, m., winter.

invitación, f., invitation.

invitar, to invite.

ir, to go, go on, continue; — á (+inf.), to be going to; ir+gerund expresses progressive action, vamos viviendo, we go on living, we manage to get along; que voy pagando á plazos, which I am paying on the instalment plan; — á paseo, to go for a walk; —en un vuelo, to go with all speed, go like lightning; vamos, interj., come now, see here, there now, well, indeed! I should say!; vamos á ver, let's see; ahí van..., there are...; ahora va de veras, now it's really settled, now it's serious; vaya con Dios, God be with you, a polite formula of leave-taking = good-bye; vaya, interj., there! there now! well! (denotes impatience, displeasure, or sudden resolution); vaya con expresses ironical contempt, derision or disapproval, as ¡vaya con los criados! a fine lot these servants are!; ¡vaya con el hombre! just listen to the man! used emphatically, as ¡vaya una mano linda! there's what I call a pretty hand!; —se, to go, go away, go off, leave.

ira, f., wrath, anger.

irresistible, irresistible.

Isabel, Elizabeth.

Isidra, prop. noun.

izquierdo, -a, left; la izquierda, the left (hand).

J

¡ja! ¡ja! ha! ha!

jamona, f., a buxom woman no longer young.

¡je, je, je! interj., denoting laughter.

jefe, m., chief, head.

Jesús, m., Jesus; ¡—! Goodness! Lord! Good heavens!

Jiménez, prop. noun; «Pedro Jiménez,» a brand of Sherry wine.

jorobado, -a, humpbacked.

José, Joseph.

joven, m. and f., youth, young man, young woman.

joven, young, youthful.

Juan, John.

jubileo, m., jubilee, merry-making, thronging of people.

juega, see jugar.

jueves, m., Thursday; —Santo, Holy Thursday.

jugar, to play; — con, to mock, make game of.

juguete, m., trifle, play-thing; — cómico, comedietta.

juicio, m., judgment, sense, wits, senses, good sense; el día del juicio, the Day of Judgment; muela del —, wisdom-tooth.

juicioso, -a, judicious, sensible, discreet.

juntito, -a (dim. of junto), united, together.

junto, -a, together; muy —s, very close together.

junto, adv., near, at hand; —á, prep., near, by.

justicia, f., justice.

justo, -a, just, proper.

juzgar, to judge, deem.

juzgue, see juzgar.

L

labrar, to cause, work out.

lacayo, m., lackey, groom.

lado, m., side; de al —, near by.

lágrima, f., tear.

lamentar, to lament, regret.

largarse, to leave, go away, be off.

largo, -a, long; cuatro dedos de —, a length of four finger-breadths.

lástima, f., pity; me das —, I pity you.

lastimar, to hurt.

lateral, lateral, side.

lavabo, m., washstand.

lavar, to wash.

lección, f., lesson.

leer, to read.

lejos, far.

Lelis, prop. noun (suggests the meaning of lelo, ninny, fool).

leña, f., fire-wood.

letra, f., letter, handwriting; de su puño y —, in her own handwriting.

levantar, to raise; —se, to rise.

leve, light, slight.

levita, f., frock-coat.

ley, f., law.

leyendo, see leer.

libertad, f., liberty.

librar, to free, deliver, preserve.

libro, m., book.

lila, f., lilac, lilac color; colloquial, foolish, stupid.

limpiar, to clean.

limpio, -a, clean, free, clear; poner en —, to make a fair copy of.

lindo, -a, pretty.

lío, m., imbroglio, confusion, scrape; armarse un —con, to get tangled up with, not to understand a jot about; meterse en un —, to get into a scrape.

listo, -a, prompt, bright, clever, shrewd.

literata, f., literary woman, bluestocking.

literatura, f., literature.

lo, ntr., the.

lo, it, so.

lo, that; — de, the affair of, the business of; —de siempre, the same old thing; — que, what (that which), that (after todo); — que es hoy, as for to-day.

lograr, to succeed in, accomplish.

lucero, m., morning-star.

lucir, to shine, appear to advantage; —se, to be eminently successful, make a fine showing; ironically, to make a mess of it.

luego, then, next, presently, afterward; desde —, at once, of course, naturally.

lugar, m., place.

Luisa, Louisa.

lujo, m., sumptuousness, elegance.

lujosamente, sumptuously.

lumbre, f., fire; al amor de la —, by the fireside.

luna, f., moon; — de miel, honeymoon.

lunes, m., Monday.

luto, m., mourning.

luz, f., light.

luzca, see lucir.

Ll

llamar, to call, attract; ¿Cómo se llama usted? What is your name?

llegar, to arrive, reach; — á, to arrive at, reach, get to, happen to.

llenar, to fill.

lleno, -a, full, filled.

llevar, to carry, take, take away, charge, ask (a price), endure, suffer (disappointments), wear, raise (the hand to the face), — á cuestas, to carry on one's back; —se (algo), to take, carry away, carry off.

llorar, to weep, cry.

M

madre, f., mother.

Madrid, prop. noun.

maduro, -a, ripe.

magnate, m., magnate; pl., the nobility, the great.

magnífico, -a, magnificent, fine; ¡—! that's fine!

majadero, -a, foolish, silly.

majestad, f., majesty, majestic bearing.

majo, -a, spruce, trim, fine.

mal, adv., poorly, ill.

mal, see malo.

maldito, -a, accursed, confounded.

malejo, -a, rather bad.

malicioso, -a, malicious, spiteful.

malo, -a, bad, evil, poor, uncivil.

malsano, -a, unhealthful.

malvado, m., wicked person.

malvavisco, m., marsh-mallow (an emollient is made from a preparation of the root).

mamá, f., mamma.

mamarracho, m., fool, clown.

mameluco, m., dolt, simpleton.

mampara, f., screen, screen-door.

mancha, f., stain.

mandar, to send, order, give orders; ¿Qué manda usted? What is your pleasure?

manera, f., manner, way; de ninguna —, by no means.

manga, f., sleeve, hose; — de riego, hose, watering hose.

mano, f., hand; echar —, to put out one's hand.

Manolito, familiar for Manuel.

mansedumbre, f., gentleness, mildness.

Manuel, prop. noun.

mañana, f., morning.

mañana, adv., to-morrow; —mismo, no later than to-morrow; pasado —, the day after to-morrow.

máquina, f., machine, sewing-machine.

mar, m. and f., sea; la — de, a lot of, a great number of.

marcado, -a, pronounced.

marcar, to mark, pronounce.

marco, m., frame.

marcha, f., march; en —, let's be off.

marchar, to march, progress; la cosa marcha, the affair is progressing; — bien, to work well; —se, to go away, leave.

marear, to tire, annoy, vex.

maremagnum, m. (Latin word used in current Spanish), confusion, disorder; ¡qué —! what a lot of people!

María, f., Mary; ¡— santísima! For heaven's sake!

marido, m., husband.

mártir, m., martyr.

más, adj., more, other, another.

más, adv., more, most, longer; — bien, rather; ¡qué (noun) — (adj.)! what a (adj. and noun)!; ni — ni menos, just exactly, precisely; no — que, only.

Matalauva, prop. noun.

Matalavieja, prop. noun.

matar, to kill.

matemáticas, f. pl., mathematics.

materialista, m., materialist, literalist.

matrimonio, m., matrimony, marriage, married couple.

máxima, f., maxim.

mayor, greater, larger, greatest, utmost.

mayoría, f., majority.

mechita, f. (dim. of mecha), a small wad (of cotton or lint).

media, f., stocking.

médico, m., doctor.

medida, f., measure, moderation.

medio, m., middle, way, means; pl., means; por —, in the way, between (one).

medio, -a, half.

mejilla, f., cheek.

mejor, adj., better, best.

mejor, adv., better, best.

melón, m., melon.

menester, m., necessity; es —, it is necessary.

menor, less, least, slightest.

menos, adj., less, least.

menos, adv., less, least; á — que, conj., unless; al —, at least; lo —, at least; echar de —, to miss; tener á —, to consider as beneath one's dignity.

menos, prep., except.

mentira, f., lie; parece —, it does not seem possible.

mercader, m., trader, trafficker, manipulator.

merced, f., favor.

mérito, m., merit.

mes, m., month.

mesa, f., table; — de escritorio, writing-desk.

metálico, -a, metallic.

meter, to put; — la pata, to put one's foot in it; —se en algo, to get mixed up in something; —se en un lío, to get into a scrape; —se en política, to go into politics.

Metternach, prop. noun.

Metternich, prop. noun.

mezclar, to mix, mingle.

mi, my.

miedo, m., fear; tener —, to be afraid.

miel, f., honey.

mientras, while; — no, until; — que, while.

mil, thousand.

ministerio, m., ministry, governmental department, the buildings (or offices) of a governmental department; — de Hacienda, Treasury, Department of Finances.

ministro, m., minister.

minuta, f., first draft, memorandum.

minuto, m., minute.

mío, -a, my, of mine.

mirada, f., glance, look.

mirar, to look, look at, see, consider; mira, look here, see here.

mismo, -a, same, very, self.

mismo, adv., same, very; ahora —, just now; lo —, likewise, in the same manner; es lo —, it is just the same; lo — da, it is all the same; mañana —, no later than to-morrow.

misticismo, m., mysticism, religious fervor.

místico, -a, mystic.

mitad, f., half, middle; partir por la —, to split in two.

moda, f., style, fashion; á la —, stylishly, in fashion.

modales, m. pl., manners.

modelo, m., model.

modestia, f., modesty.

modesto, -a, modest.

modo, m., mode, manner, degree, urbanity; de — que, so then, so; con malos —s, uncivilly; de todos —s, at any rate, anyhow.

mohín, m., grimace.

mohino, -a, peevish, grouchy, sulky.

molde, m., mould, form.

molestar, to annoy, disturb, bother.

momento, m., moment; al —, at once.

monada, f., flattery, blandishment; hacerle á uno —s, to ogle, cast sheep's eyes on.

monín, -ina (dim. of mono), cunning, cute, darling, dearest, sweetest.

monjita, f. (dim. of monja), little nun.

mono, -a, pretty, nice, "cute."

monotonía, f., monotony, monotonous mode of living.

monstruo, m., monster.

Montesinos, prop. noun.

moral, moral; lo —, moral qualities.

moralizar, to render moral, reform.

moralmente, morally.

moreno, -a, dark; Sierra M—a, a chain of mountains in Southern Spain.

morir, to die; —se, to die, be in a dying condition.

mosquita, f., little fly; — muerta, a person of meek and timid manner, who is at bottom resourceful and disingenuous.

mostrar, to show.

motivo, m., motive.

mover, to move; —se, to move (intrans.), stir.

movimiento, m., movement, motion.

mozo, m., boy, servant.

mu, m., sound imitating the bellowing of a bull.

mucho, -a, much; pl., many.

mucho, adv., much, very, greatly, a long time.

mudar, to change; —se de ropa, to change one's clothes.

muela, f., grinder, back tooth; — del juicio, wisdom-tooth.

muelita, f. (dim. of muela), (dear) little tooth.

muelle, m., spring.

muerte, f., death.

muerto, -a (see morir), dead.

muestra, see mostrar.

muestra, f., sign.

mueven, see mover.

mugir, to bellow.

mujer, f., woman.

mundo, m., world; todo el —, everybody.

muñeca, f., wrist.

murmullo, m., murmur, murmuring.

música, f., music.

músico, m., musician.

muy, very, very much, very much of, enough of, dear.

N

nación, f., nation.

nada, nothing, anything (with negative expressed or inferred), not at all, I should say not! no use; — de eso, not at all; no... —, not... at all; pues —, no trouble at all, that is very simple; ¡—! not at all, by no means.

nadie, no one; anyone, anybody (with negative).

nariz, f., nose.

natural, natural.

naturalidad, f., naturalness, candor.

naturalmente, naturally.

necesario, -a, necessary.

necesidad, f., necessity.

necesitar, to need, must.

necio, -a, stupid, idiotic.

negar, to refuse, deny; —se (á), to refuse.

negocio, m., business, matter; pl., business.

negro, -a, black.

nervio, m., nerve.

nervioso, -a, nervous.

ni, neither, nor, not, not even, even, or; — aun, not even; — que + subj., not even though.

niegue, see negar.

ninguno, -a, no, none, no one, not any, any (with negative).

niña, f., girl.

niñez, f., childhood.

niño, m., child.

no, no.

noble, noble.

noche, f., night; esta —, to-*night, last night; (muy) buenas —s, good evening; de —, by night, in the night-time.

nombrar, to appoint.

nombre, m., name, Christian name.

nosotros, -as, we, us, ourselves.

nota, f., note, memorandum.

notable, remarkable.

noticia, f., news, information.

novedad, f., novelty, news, trouble, accident; tener —, to have anything the matter with one, have any trouble, be ill.

novela, f., novel, romance.

novena, f., novena (Catholic church service lasting nine days).

novia, f., sweetheart.

novio, m., sweetheart, lover, suitor.

nuestro, -a, our, ours, of ours.

nuevo, -a, new.

numeroso, -a, numerous.

nunca, never, ever (after negative).

nupcias, f. pl., marriage, nuptials.

O

ó, or.

obligación, f., obligation; tener —, to be obliged.

obligar, to oblige, compel.

obligue, see obligar.

obscuro, -a, obscure, dark; á obscuras, in the dark.

observación, f., observation.

obtener, to obtain.

obtuvo, see obtener.

ocasión, f., occasion, opportunity.

ocultarse, to hide.

ocupar, to occupy, engage, busy; —se de, to busy one-self with, look after.

ocurrencia, f., occurrence, witty remark; ¡Qué —! what a comical idea! how funny!

ocurrir, to occur, happen; ¿Qué ocurre? What is the matter?

ocho, eight.

oficina, f., office.

ofrecer, to offer.

¡Oh! interj., oh.

oig-a, -o, see oir.

oir, to hear, listen.

ojalá, interj., would to God...! used independently, would to God (it were so)!

ojo, m., eye; echar —s, to cast eyes.

oler, to smell, scent, discover.

olvidar, to forget.

olvido, m., forgetfulness, oblivion; dar al —, to forget, cast into oblivion.

once, eleven; las —, eleven o'clock.

operación, f., operation; gabinete de —es, operating-room; sillón de —es, operating-chair, dentist's chair.

operar, to operate, operate on.

opinar, to have an opinion, think; ¿opina usted? do you think so?

oponer, to oppose.

opuesto, -a (see oponer), opposite.

oración, f., prayer.

orador, m., orator.

orden, f., order, command.

orden, m., order, classification, system, regularity.

ordenanza, m., messenger.

ordinario, -a, ordinary, common.

orificar, to fill with gold.

original, original.

ortografía, f., spelling.

otro, -a, other, another; —a cosa, anything else; —a vez, again.

oy-e, -endo, see oir.

P

paciencia, f., patience; — y barajar, Patience! and shuffle the cards, be patient and stick to it.

paciente, m., patient.

padecer (de), to suffer (with).

padre, m., father.

pagar, to pay.

paja, f., straw; no dormirse en las —s, to be vigilant, keep one's eyes open.

pájaro, m., bird.

palabra, f., word.

palabrota, f., rough, offensive word.

palangana, f., wash-basin.

palma, f., palm of the hand; batir —s, to clap the hands, beat time with the hands.

palmada, f., clapping of the hands, applause.

palmito, m., a woman's face.

pamema, f., sham, twaddle.

pan, m., bread; más bueno que el —, as good as gold.

Pandereta (tambourine), prop. noun.

paniaguado, m., protégé, intimate.

pantalón, m., trousers, pair of trousers; pl., idem.

pañales, m. pl., swaddling-clothes.

paño, m., cloth.

pañuelo, m., handkerchief.

papá, m., papa.

papel, m., paper, rôle; hacer un —, play a rôle.

papelillo, m., small piece of paper.

paquete, m., package, parcel.

Paquito (colloquial for Francisco).

par, m., pair, couple.

para, for, to, in order to, towards; — que, conj., that, in order that.

parado, -a, standing; quedarse —, to stop.

parar, to stop.

parecer, to seem, appear, look, look like; parece mentira, it does not seem possible; á tí no te parece bien, you are not pleased with; ¿Qué te parece? What do you think?; —se á, to resemble.

parecido, -a, appeared, resembling; bien —, good-looking.

pared, f., wall; — por medio, (with) a wall in the way, (with) a wall between us.

parezc-a, -o, see parecer.

pariente, m., relative.

parricida, m. and f., parricide.

parroquiano, -a, m. and f., customer.

parte, f., part, place; á cuantas —s sea necesario, everywhere necessary; en alguna —, somewhere; de — de, on behalf of, from; todas —s, everywhere.

participar, to communicate, inform, report.

particular, particular, peculiar; ¿Qué tiene de —, what is there peculiar about...?

partido, m., (political) party, advantage; tener gran —, to be a great favorite, be very popular.

partir, to split, divide, share, allot, leave; —se algo, to share something.

pasado, -a, passed, past; — mañana, the day after to-morrow.

Pasalodos, prop. noun.

pasar, to pass, enter, go in, come in, go, spend (time), give, deliver (a message), to happen; — de (with expressions of time), to exceed, go beyond, last longer than; pero no pasa de ahí, but that is as far as it goes; —lo muy bien, to get along nicely; — por, to pass as, appear as, be taken for; pasen ustedes, after you; eso ya pasó, it's all over; ¿Qué pasa? what is the matter?; ¿Qué le pasa á usted? what is the matter with you?; —se, to happen; —sele á uno algo, to leave one, go away (said of pains, etc.); de pronto se me pasan, they immediately leave me.

pasear, to walk, pace, walk about; —se, to take a walk, idle away time.

paseo, m., promenade, walk; ir (salir) á paseo, to go for a walk; ve á —, be off with you!

pasillo, m., brief comedy of farcical tendencies, comedietta.

paso, m., step, passage; abrirse —, to burst forth, break out.

pata, f., leg and foot (of animals); colloquially, leg and foot of human beings; meter la —, to put one's foot in it.

Paula, prop. noun.

pausa, f., pause.

paz, f., peace.

pedir, to ask, ask for.

Pedro, Peter; «Pedro Jiménez,» a brand of Spanish sweet wine.

pegar, to join, stick, glue.

peinarse, to comb the hair, dress the hair.

peine, m., comb.

Peláez, prop. noun.

pelo, m., hair; pl., hair.

penetrante, penetrating, piercing.

pensamiento, m., thought.

pensar, to think, expect, intend, have in view; — en, to think of; menos pensado, least expected.

peor, adj. and adv., worse.

Pepa, prop. noun (colloquial for Josefa, Josephine).

pequeño, -a, small, little.

perder, to lose, ruin, undo; — de vista, to lose sight of.

perdido, -a, lost, done for, ruined.