Volume 2 — INDEX

Abaza, Admiral, his connection with the Royal Timber Company, ii. 309–313

Abdur Rahman, and Afghanistan, i. 84, 85

Adabash, Colonel, his information on Japanese reserve forces, i. 206

Afghanistan:

her frontier, i. 62;

Britain’s advance, i. 63, 84;

and Russia, i. 64–66, 87;

a buffer State, i. 85;

Boundary Commission, i. 86

Alexander I., Emperor of Russia:

more freedom for the army, i. 14;

his example, i. 20

Alexander II., Emperor of Russia:

the clamour for peace, i. 22;

the emancipation of the serfs, i. 23;

military economy, i. 87;

the Siberian Railway, i. 149

Alexander III., Emperor of Russia, military economy, i. 87

Alexeieff, Admiral:

stops work at Port Arthur, i. 126, 128;

the Boxer rebellion, i. 154;

stops the evacuation of Mukden, i. 169;

his connection with Bezobrazoff and the Royal Timber Company, i. 173–185, ii. 306–313;

becomes Viceroy of the Far East, i. 187;

his negotiations with Japan, i. 188–198;

disperses his troops and fleet, i. 225;

his opinion of the fleet, i. 237, 238;

report on the Eastern Chinese Railway, i. 246;

presses for relief, i. 257;

strategical distribution of troops, ii. 205–211;

the weakness of Port Arthur, ii. 213, 229

Alien population, dangers of an, i. 102

Alma, battle of the, i. 17

America, Russia hands over her possessions in, i. 35

Ammunition:

defects in gun, i. 137;

average expenditure of rifle, ii. 149, 150

Amur district, Russia’s annexation of, i. 35

Armament (see Army):

inferior, i. 15;

moral effect of, i. 107, 108;

artillery, i. 121, 135;

for Port Arthur, i. 129;

test of a new field-gun, i. 136;

defects in gun ammunition, i. 137

Army, Russian:

the Great Northern War, i. 5, 6;

reductions in, i. 8;

distribution of, i. 9;

struggle with France, i. 10;

annexation of Finland, i. 12;

in the Crimean War, i. 13–21;

in the Turkish wars, i. 24–34;

casualties in the two main struggles, i. 36;

peace and war establishments, i. 38;

relative speed of mobilization, i. 88–90, 272–284;

losses in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, i. 99;

incapacity of generals, i. 101;

improvement of, i. 113, 119–124;

value of the Siberian Corps, i. 125;

want of railway transport, i. 131–134, 156, 242–268;

re-armament of the artillery, i. 135, 136;

defects in gun ammunition, i. 137;

numbers in the Pri-Amur district, i. 144;

its distribution, i. 225, ii. 209, 210;

its favourable state when peace declared, i. 230–234;

defeats at Yalu, Chin-chou, and Te-li-ssu, i. 257, 258;

loss at Sha Ho, i. 259;

the reservists, i. 278–290;

shortage and capabilities of officers, i. 290–294, 300–305;

discipline, i. 295, 296;

corporal punishment, i. 297–299;

want of sappers, i. 305;

machine-guns, i. 306–309;

criticism of staff work, ii. 2, 3;

cavalry at manœuvres, ii. 4;

attack and defence, ii. 5;

column formation, ii. 6;

work of the artillery, ii. 7;

work of the sappers, ii. 7, 8;

criticism by commanders, ii. 9;

tactical instruction, ii. 10–25;

relative positions of, ii. 33, 34, 37–40;

absence of military spirit and patriotism, ii. 35, 183;

adverse conditions, ii. 37, 39;

effect of the rainy season and dysentery, ii. 41;

difficulties in organization, ii. 44–60;

defects in the command, ii. 60–72;

in the rank and file, ii. 72–80;

Kuropatkin’s final address to, ii. 88–97;

suggestions for the improvement of:

(1) the senior rank, ii. 98–114;

(2) the regulars and reservists, ii. 114–127;

(3) reserve organization, ii. 128–131;

(4) augmenting the combatant infantry, ii. 131–136;

(5) machine-guns, ii. 136;

(6) depôt troops, ii. 137–139;

(7) communication troops, ii. 139, 140;

(8) engineer troops, ii. 141–146;

(9) artillery, ii. 146–151;

(10) cavalry, ii. 151–155;

(11) infantry, ii. 155–161;

(12) organization, ii. 161–176;

summary of the war, ii. 177–204;

gradual improvement in spirit, ii. 183, 188, 189;

strategical distribution of, ii. 205, 271;

Kuropatkin’s narrative of the war, ii. 205–305;

strength of, ii. 258;

breakdown of the unit organization and distribution, ii. 314–335

Artamonoff, General, ii. 281, 282

Artillery:

rearmament of the, i. 121, 135;

machine, i. 306–309, ii. 136, 137;

suggested improvements, ii. 146–155, 162

Asia:

Russia’s war with Turkey, i. 26;

Russia’s position in, i. 34;

Russia’s frontiers, i. 40–46;

opposition to Russia’s expansion in, i. 147

Asia for the Asiatics, ii. 195, 196

Austerlitz, Russia’s heavy loss at, i. 98

Austria:

war with Napoleon, i. 10;

Crimean War, i. 16;

her frontier with Russia, i. 51–54;

her strategic railways, i. 55;

her speed of mobilization, i. 90;

her perfected organization, i. 103

Austro-Hungary:

Russian frontiers, i. 44, 50–52;

trade with Russia, i. 52;

possibility of war with Russia, i. 53, 54

Azov, surrender of, i. 6

Baikal, Lake, great obstacle to the Siberian Railway, i. 149, 248, 254

Balasheff, Acting State Councillor:

his warlike despatch, i. 178;

investigation of the Royal Timber Company, i. 181

Baltic Sea: Russian aims, i. 5, 9;

defence of, i. 114

Batianoff, General, Commander of the 3rd Manchurian Army, ii. 186

Batoum, i. 32

Bayazet, the defence of, i. 26

Berlin:

Congress, i. 32;

Treaty of, i. 82

Bessarabia, Russian annexation of, i. 13, 24

Bezobrazoff, State Councillor:

his connection with the Royal Timber Company, i. 169, ii. 306–313;

his propositions, i 172–174;

Kuropatkin’s report on, i. 177–179;

investigation of the Royal Timber Company, i. 180, 184

Bilderling, General, Commander of the 2nd Manchurian Army:

his report, ii. 186;

criticism on, ii. 228, 234, 247;

his force, ii. 242;

withdraws to position on the Sha Ho, ii. 245, 286

Black Sea, the:

Russian progress towards, i. 6, 12, 13;

Russia deprived of a war fleet in, i. 19, 24, 33;

coast defence on, i. 114

Blume, M., theorist in strategy, ii. 69

Borisoff, Colonel, at Mukden, ii. 281, 283

Borodino, Russian loss at, i. 98

Boskey, General, surprises the Russians at the battle of the Alma, i. 17

Bothnia, Gulf of, Russian aims, i. 9, 41, 42

Boxer Rebellion, i. 136, 154, 155

Bulgaria:

Turko-Servian War, i. 24, 25;

Russian behaviour in, i. 29, 30

Burun, M., on the Russian fleet, i. 236, 237, 240, 241

Caucasus, the:

her Russian frontier, i. 5, 8, 33, 34, 57, 58;

her troops, i. 26, 114

Cavalry:

not sufficiently used, ii. 151, 152;

failure of the officers, ii. 153–155, 288;

details of units, ii. 162

Censorship, necessity for press, ii. 176

Charles XII., King of Sweden, war with Russia, i. 5

Cherniaeff, General, Geok Tepe, i. 32

Chichagoff, General, his alarmist reports, ii. 302, 321, 322

China:

peaceful attitude of, i. 5;

Peking Treaty, i. 35;

Russian frontier and trade, i. 67, 68;

war with Japan, i. 69, 151, 201–204;

Russian policy, i. 72, 157;

the awakening of, i. 91;

Boxer Rebellion and treaty with Russia, i. 154–162;

her alarm at Russia’s policy, i. 170;

Russian treatment of the Chinese, ii. 190, 191

Chin-chou, battle of, i. 257

Civil disorder, repression of, ii. 125

Constantinople, Russian advance to walls of, i. 30, 82

Cossacks. See Cavalry

Crimean War:

strength of Russian army, i. 13;

Russia’s unpreparedness, i. 16, 101, 109;

Inkerman, i. 18;

siege of Sevastopol, i. 19;

a premature peace, i. 20–22

Dalny:

Russian annexation of, i. 69;

Japanese use of, i. 127;

its fortifications, i. 172, ii. 207;

commerce, i. 190;

coal storage at, i. 246

Danube, the, Russian acquisition and loss of the mouths of, i. 13, 16, 19, 24, 32

Defence schemes, ii. 26–30

Dembovski, General, at Mukden, ii. 285, 286

Demchinski, M., Were we Ready for War? i. 111

Djam, Russian force at, i. 84

Dragomiroff, General, and quick-firing artillery, i. 136;

his theories, ii. 8, 10, 11

Dubniak Hill, capture of, i. 25

Dukhovski, General, Governor-General and Commander in the Pri-Amur district,

and the Siberian Railway, i. 151, 171

Dushkevitch, Colonel, i. 302

Eastern Chinese Railway:

the bad condition of, i. 131, 132, 182–242;

a parallel in Persia, i. 193;

suggested sale to China, i. 221;

capacity of, i. 243–256

Emmanuel, Major, his appreciation of the Japanese army, i. 222

Engineers, ii. 141–146;

details of units, ii. 162

Essen, Admiral, his daring sally from Vladivostok, i. 239

Esthonia, Russian annexation of, i. 5

Eupatoria, the Allies’ disembarkation at, i. 17

Feng-huang-cheng, Russian occupation of, i. 170–174, 184

Finance Minister, dual capacity of, i. 139

Finland, Russian annexation of, i. 5, 12, 41;

Russian frontier, i. n. 11, 9;

her aims for autonomy, i. 42

Fortresses, work on the, i. 126–130

France:

her struggles with Russia, i. 10;

strength of her army, i. 15;

cause of Franco-Russian entente, i. 46;

lessons from the Franco-German War, i. 78–81

Friederichsham, Treaty of, i. 40, 41

Frontiers (see Russia), Russian, i. n. 11, 35, 40–77

Galicia, strategic value of, i. 54, 55

Geok Tepe, Russian attack on, i. 31, 85, 148

Georgia, Russian annexation of, i. 8

Germany:

war with Napoleon, i. 10;

her Russian frontier, i. 44, 45;

her Russian trade, i. 45, 59;

her strategic preparations, i. 46–49;

possibilities of war, i. 49, 50;

trade in Persia, i. 59, 60;

lessons from the Franco-German War, i. 79, 80;

her relative speed of mobilization, i. 90;

her perfect organization, i. 103, 113;

her military expenditure, i. 112, 113

Gerngros, General:

the Boxer Rebellion, i. 155;

wounded at Te-li-ssu, i. 219;

the battle near Mukden, ii. 278, 279, 293, 297

Giers, M., Russian Minister for Foreign Affairs, on the cession of Kuldja, i. 93

Glinski, M., The Resurrected Dead, i. 292

Godunoff, Boris, and the Caspian Sea, i. 4

Goltz, Von der, a distinguished German writer, his dictum on war, i. 88

Gorbatoff, M., Thoughts Suggested by Recent Military Operations, ii. 75, 76

Great Britain:

strength of her army, i. 15;

the Crimean War, i. 16–20;

her trade with Persia, i. 59, 60;

Russia and Afghanistan, i. 62–67, 84, 85;

Afghan Boundary Commission, i. 86;

treaty with Japan, i. 269

Grieg, Admiral, Russian Minister of Finance, on the cession of Kuldja, i. 93

Grippenberg, General, Commander of the 2nd Army:

his peculiar theories and behaviour, i. 299, ii. 11, 23–25, 55–60, 251–253,

257, 260, 261, 264–267, 320;

The Truth about the Battle of Hei-kou-tai, ii. 83

Grodekovi, General, i. 154, 155

Guber, General, ii. 52

Gulistan, Treaty of, i. 60

Guns. See Artillery

Gurieff, M., The Outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War, i. 146

Gurko, General, siege of Plevna, i. 26; criticisms by, ii. 9

Hamilton, General Sir Ian, an appreciation of the Japanese army, i. 223

Harbin:

concentration at, i. 155, 160;

railway difficulties, i. 245, 254, 261, 268;

drunkenness at, ii. 188

Hei-kou-tai, operations at, ii. 82, 83, 271, 320

Hei-ni-tun, Russian attack on, ii. 282

Herat, proposed railway, i. 67;

and Russia, i. 86

Hershelman, General, i. 279

Hsi-mu-cheng, concentration at, ii. 42

Hsi-ping-kai positions:

Russian occupation of, i. 229, ii. 32, 182, 287;

handed over to Japan, i. 232;

preparations near, ii. 184, 185, 194

Hun-huses, raids by, i. 158, 159

Imeretinski, General, at Plevna, i. 28

India and Russia’s policy, i. 64–67

Infantry (see Army):

the chief arm, ii. 155;

improvement in, ii. 156;

officers’ casualties, ii. 157, 158;

promotion in the field, ii. 159;

field v. office training, ii. 160;

organization and details of units, ii. 161–170;

penalties on active service, ii. 171–175

Istomin, Admiral, his heroic death, i. 18, 21

Ivanovitch, Tsar Theodore, i. 4

Japan:

peaceful attitude of, i. 5;

Russia and Saghalien, i. 35;

Peking Treaty, i. 35;

war with China, i. 69, 151, 202–204;

events leading up to the war with Russia, i. 123–130, 151, 157–166, 170, 177–179;

the Royal Timber Company, i. 172;

Kuropatkin’s visit to, and impressions of, i. 174, 175, 217–223;

progress of negotiations, i. 188, 193;

Russia’s bluff, i. 193–198;

her early history, i. 199;

birth of her army, i. 200–202;

expedition to China, i. 203;

her estimated strength, i. 203, 208, ii. 192;

expansion for war, i. 204–206;

her loss in the war with Russia, i. 207, ii. 192;

her sea-transport, i. 209;

Russian criticisms on the army of, i. 210;

her officers in Russian employ, i. 212;

her reserve troops, i. 213;

the samurai spirit, i. 214;

her resentment with Russia, i. 215;

her system of education, i. 217–219;

Korea a vital question, i. 219;

German and English appreciations of, i. 222, 223;

her disembarkations on Liao-tung Peninsula and Kuan-tung unhindered, i. 225;

her advantages, i. 226;

their moral tone, i. 227;

the nation with the army, i. 228;

partial exhaustion, i. 230, 235, ii. 194, 195;

strength of the fleets in the Far East, i. 236, 237;

the naval battles near Port Arthur and Vladivostok, i. 238–241;

her victories at the Yalu, Chin-chou and Te-li-ssu, i. 257, 258, ii. 38, 83;

her treaty with Great Britain, i. 269;

relative positions after fifteen months’ war, ii. 31–35, 39–44;

her losses, ii. 192, 193;

Kuropatkin’s summary of the war, ii. 217–287, 314–335

Jassy, Treaty of, i. 6

Jilinski, General, Headquarter Staff, i. 206, 256

Ka-liao-ma, ii. 274, 290

Kamchatka, Russian annexation of, i. 35

Kao-li-tun, ii. 275

Kars, the capture of the fortress of, i. 26, 30, 32, ii. 14

Kashgaria, i. 70;

Chinese take possession of, i. 92

Kaufmann, General, i. 32;

and Afghanistan, i. 85;

the cession of Kuldja, i. 92, 93;

the Bokhara Khanate, i. 147

Kaulbars, General, ii. 58;

in command of the 3rd Army, ii. 249, 265;

in command of the 2nd Army, ii. 268;

the assault of San-de-pu, ii. 271;

battles near Mukden, ii. 272–287;

criticisms on, ii. 288–305, 324–335

Keller, General Count, ii. 42, 221;

his death, ii. 71, 226

Khanates, the, i. 147, 148

Khilkoff, Prince, Minister of Ways and Communications, and the Siberian Railway,

i. 246, 248, 250, 254

Khiva, Russian failure to gain possession of, i. 5

Kipke, Surgeon-General, list of Japanese casualties, i. 207, 208

Kirghiz tribes and Russia, i. n. 9, 5, n. 11

Kirin, capture of, i. 155

Kondratenko, General, the hero of Port Arthur, i, 300, ii. 71

Korea:

independence of, i. 69;

necessity for quiet in, i. 72, 73;

Russian activity in, i. 153, 178;

timber concession, i. 170;

council at Port Arthur on, i. 180, 181;

the Treaty of Peking, i. 199;

a vital question, i. 219

Korniloff, Admiral, siege of Sevastopol, i. 18;

heroic death, i. 21

Korniloff, Lieutenant-Colonel, ii. 286

Kronstadt, fortifications of, i. 126

Kruimoff, Captain, i. 303

Kuan-tung Peninsula: Russian annexation of, i. 35, 69;

Japanese land and fortify, i. 127, 257;

Russian defence force, ii. 206, 207

Kuang-cheng-tzu, seizure by rebels, i. 155

Kuldja, province of, i. 70;

the cession to China of, i. 92–95, 148, 149

Kuprin, M., The Duel, ii. 69

Kuroki, General:

in command of the 1st Japanese Army, i. 257, 258;

his opinion of the Russian shells, i. 306;

his victory at Te-li-ssu, ii. 38;

his positions, ii. 39, 40, 216, 222;

his turning movement, ii. 230–232, 264;

strength of his army, ii. 253;

battle of Liao-yang, ii. 317;

at Mukden, ii. 323,329, 332

Kuropatkin, General, Minister of War, afterwards Commander-in-Chief:

his report on the possibilities of the twentieth century, i. 39;

his report on the Russian frontiers and their suitability, i. 40–77;

deductions from the work of the army as a guide to future wars, i. 96–110;

the work before the War Department, i. 111–144;

his opinion on the Manchurian and Korean questions, i. 145–198;

difference of opinion with Admiral Alexeieff, i. 167–169;

the Royal Timber Company, i. 172–184, ii. 306;

his impressions on visiting Japan, i. 174, 175, 217–223;

his reports on the Manchurian position, i. 176–179, 189–193;

his responsibility for the rupture with Japan, i. 177–179;

his pyramid of Russian interests, i. 185, 186;

resignation on the establishment of the Viceroyalty, i. 187;

his proposal to give way, i. 189;

his report on strength of Japanese army, i. 242;

on necessity for Russian railway improvements, i. 252–254, 263–268;

on mobilization, i. 271–289;

on reserve of officers, i. 293, 294;

his recommendations as to officers, i. 301–305;

on machine-guns and ammunition, i. 306–309;

his criticisms of staff work, ii. 2, 3;

of cavalry, ii. 4;

of attack and the defence, ii. 5, 6;

of column formation in attack, ii. 6;

on the work of the artillery and sappers, ii. 7, 8;

on criticism by commanders, ii. 9;

on tactical instruction of our troops, ii. 10;

his supplementary and monthly instructions, ii. 12, 13, 15–22;

reasons for the reverses at Plevna, ii. 13, 14;

his diagram of, and opinion on, the relative positions in Manchuria, ii. 33–44;

on difficulties in organization, ii. 44–60;

on defects in personnel, ii. 60–72;

on the rank and file and Social Revolutionists, ii. 72–81;

on the countermanding of orders, ii. 81–84;

takes the blame for the defeat at Mukden, ii. 85, 86, 335;

his farewell address, ii. 87–97;

his suggested improvements in the senior ranks and all arms, ii. 98–176;

his summary of the war, and conclusions, ii. 177–305;

breakdown of the unit organization and distribution, ii. 314–335

Kushk, proposed railway to, i. 67;

defeat of Afghans at, i. 86

Kutnevitch, General, ii. 297

Lamsdorff, M., Minister for Foreign Affairs,

and the Royal Timber Company, i. 173, 174, ii. 306, 311, 312

Launits, General, his gallantry, ii. 334

Lessar, Acting State Councillor, Russian Minister in China,

council at Port Arthur on the Yalu enterprise, i. 175, 180

Levestam, General:

withdrawal to Hsi-mu-cheng, ii. 40;

the battle near Mukden, ii. 283, 286

Liao-tung Peninsula, Japanese land at, i. 225, 257

Liao-yang:

seizure by rebels, i. 155;

Russian concentration at, i. 225, 242, 258;

battle at, ii. 18, 83, 229, 230, 317;

Russian retirement, ii. 86;

Japanese losses at, ii. 193;

Kuropatkin’s arrival at, ii. 209

Linievitch, General:

capture of Peking, i. 155;

in command of the 1st Army, i. 230, ii. 249, 324;

Commander-in-Chief, i. 301, ii. 198;

and Kuropatkin, ii. 56, 58

Livonia, Russia’s annexation of, i. 5

Lomakin, General, his disastrous expedition against the Turcomans, i. 31

Losses, Russian, in the two main struggles, i. 36;

in past wars, i. 98;

in the future, i. 99

Madridoff, Lieutenant-Colonel, and the timber concession, i. 175, 181, 184, ii. 309

Makharoff, Admiral, i. 225, 238

Maksheef, Professor, on military expenditure, i. 111–113

Malakhoff Hill, capture of, i. 19

Malingering, i. 174

Maloshevitch, N. S., Memoirs of a Sevastopol Man, i. 16

Manchuria (see also Railways):

Russian movements in, i. 35;

the question of annexation, i. 71, 105, 157–179;

expansion of Russian garrison, i. 122;

the rising in, i. 126;

the War Minister’s opinion on, i. 145;

investigation of the timber concession, i. 180–184;

pyramid of Russian interests, i. 185, 186;

negotiations, i. 187–198;

Japanese invade Southern, ii. 32–44;

summary of the war, and conclusions, ii. 177–305

Martinoff, M. E., Spirit and Temper of the Two Armies, ii. 77, 78

Menshikoff, M., Russian writer, ii. 69

Menshikoff, Prince, Commander-in-Chief, Crimean War, i. 17;

battle of Inkerman, i. 18;

superseded, i. 19

Meyendorff, General Baron, Commander of 1st Army Corps, i. 302;

retreat of, ii. 284

Milutin, General:

the emancipation of the serfs, i. 24;

Plevna, i. 25;

cession of Kuldja, i. 93;

the improvement of the army, i. 113

Mischenko, General:

retirement of the local railway guards, i. 155;

his cavalry successes, ii. 150

Mobilization, relative speed of, i. 90;

inconveniences of, i. 272–286

Moscow, a poor spirit in, i. 198, 199

Muiloff, Lieutenant-General, ii. 282;

removal of, ii. 297;

his gallantry, ii. 334

Mukden:

seized by the rebels, i. 154;

recaptured, i. 155;

battles round, i. n. 76, 260, ii. 43, 246, 272–305, 314–335;

Japanese losses at, ii. 193, 194;

Russia’s unfavourable position at, ii. 196, 197, 240, 241

Nakhimoff, Admiral, i. 18;

his heroic death, i. 21

Namangan, occupation of, i. 148

Narbut, General, member of the military council, i. 293

Narva, reasons for Russian defeat at, i. 5

Nasha Jizu, newspaper, The Viceroy Alexeieff’s Firm Policy, i. 109

Navarin, Russian battleship, terrible loss on, i. 240

Navy, Russian:

state of, i. 15;

disadvantages of, i. 107;

its uselessness at Port Arthur, i. 131;

the Pacific Squadron, i. 224;

minor part played by, i. 236;

strength of Japanese and, i. 236, 237;

battles at Port Arthur and Vladivostok, i. 238–241

Newchuang:

Russian intentions, i. 157;

evacuation of, ii. 43

Nicholas II., Tsar of Russia, on improvements in the army, i. 120–122;

his efforts against war, i. 145, 187;

railway transport, i. 245, 252, 263–268;

mobilization, i. 272;

orders concentration, ii. 212;

on Kuropatkin’s retirement at Liao-yang, ii. 238;

his connection with the Royal Timber Company and Bezobrazoff, ii. 306–313

Nicolaeff, Grand-Duke Michael, operations in Asia, i. 26

Nicolai-Pavlovitch, the late Emperor, his warning, i. 16

Nishtabtski, Treaty of, i. 5

Nodzu, General, lands on the Liao-tung Peninsula, i. 236;

his advance, ii. 222;

summary of the war, ii. 177–305, 314–335

Nogi, General, lands on the Liao-tung Peninsula, i. 236;

on the fall of Port Arthur, i. 260;

at Mukden, ii. 84, 152, 281;

summary of the war, ii. 177–305, 314–335

Norway, her frontiers, i. 40

Obrucheff, General, Chief of Headquarter Staff:

cession of Kuldja, i. 93;

the improvement of the army, i. 113

Offensive, advantages of strategic, ii. 169

Officers, Russian:

incapacity of, i. 101, ii. 1–11;

the shortage of, i. 290–295;

General Grippenberg’s resignation, i. 299, ii. 57;

quality of, i. 300–303;

The Resurrected Dead, i. 305;

the susceptibilities of, ii. 57, 58;

defects in, ii. 61–72, 95–97;

suggested improvements, ii. 98–113;

casualties among, ii. 157;

line officers have no fair chance, ii. 158;

promotion in the field, ii. 159;

field v. office training, ii. 160, 161;

suggested changes in rank of, ii. 164–168;

removal of incompetent, ii. 172

Oku, General:

his landing on the Liao-tung Peninsula, i. 236, 256;

joins General Nodzu’s army, ii. 43;

battle of Liao-yang, ii. 84;

summary of the war, ii. 177–305, 314–335

Organization, Russian:

defects in, i. 26, 27, 88, 89, 119;

difficulties in, ii. 44–60;

Kuropatkin’s proposals on, ii. 161–176;

breakdown of, ii. 314–320

Orenburg-Tashkent Railway, i. n. 34

Orloff, General, at Liao-yang, i. 279;

retreat to Yen-tai, ii. 234

Osaka, great exhibition at, i. 219

Ostolopoff, Colonel, i. 302

Osvobojdenie, the Royal Timber Company, ii. 307

Pacific Ocean, opposition to Russian access to, i. 146, 147

Patriotism in Japan and Russia, ii. 78–80, 121–123, 227

Paul II., Emperor of Russia, and the army, i. 8

Pavloff, Chamberlain, Russian Minister in Korea, Yalu enterprise, i. 175, 180

Pavlovski, M., engineer of Siberian Railway, i. 253

Peking, Treaty of, i. 35, 199;

capture of, i. 155

Penalties on active service, ii. 171, 173

Persia:

war with Russia, i. 33;

frontier and trade with Russia, i. 58, 59;

the cockpit of the Middle East, i. 59;

Great Britain and Germany in, i. 60;

Russian aims in, i. 61

Personnel, defects in, ii. 60–72

Peter the Great:

war with Sweden, i. 5;

war with Turkey, i. 6;

founder of the Russian fleet, i. 7;

his struggles with Charles XII. and Napoleon, i. 10, 11;

his counsel, i, 20;

his influence, i. 41

Petroff, General, i. 245

Petrovitch, Paul, Emperor, his reforms, i. 38

Plancon, M., diplomat, investigation of the Timber Company, i. 180

Plehve, Von, Minister of the Interior, and the Timber Company, ii. 311

Plevna, battle at, i. 25–30;

the cause of the Russian reverses at, ii. 13

Poland, Russia’s neighbour, i. 3;

her struggles with Russia, i. 7;

the problem of, i. 10, 11;

rebellion, i. 23

Poltava, Russian victory at, i. 5, 11, 41

Port Arthur:

Russian aims, i. 69;

work at, i. 126, 127;

armament for, i. 128, 129;

the council on the timber concession, i. 180–184;

Kuropatkin’s advice as to, i. 189, 190;

Chino-Japanese War, i. 202;

naval battles at, i. 238–241;

fall of, i. 260;

garrison at, ii. 205, 208;

weakness of, ii. 211, 213, 214;

result of fall of, ii. 299

Pri-Amur district and Russia, i. 77;

increase of troops in, i. 121, 122, 144, 151

Punishment, corporal, ii. 173

Putiloff Hill:

Japanese losses at, ii. 193;

movement of troops from, ii. 319

Railways, the Siberian, i. 123, 149, 156;

as a factor in the Japanese War, i. 131–134, 198;

the problem of, i. 242–254, ii. 31;

necessity for guarding, ii. 37

Razsvet, newspaper, on Kuropatkin’s responsibility, i. 177

Razviedchik (The Resurrected Dead), i. 292

Rediger, Lieutenant-General, War Minister, his report, i. 138, 139

Rennenkampf, General:

capture of Tsitsihar and Kirin, i. 155;

in the Tai-tzu Ho Valley, ii. 244, 254, 273;

Liao-yang, ii. 318, 328;

the gallantry of his troops, ii. 323

Reservists, Russian, i. 275–286, ii. 73, 163

Revenue, Russian, i. 142

Revolutionists, Social, ii. 75–80

Roop, General, criticisms by commanders, ii. 9.

Roslavleff, M., on Kuropatkin’s responsibility, i. 176, 177;

the council at Port Arthur, i. 184

Roumania:

Russian frontier, i. 44, 56;

her aspirations, i. 57.

Rozhdestvenski, Admiral, result of his defeat at Tsushima, i. 241, 242

Rusin, Captain, Russian naval attaché, his report on the Japanese navy, i. 206, 207

Ruski Viestnik, article on the fleets in the Far East, i. 236, 237

Russia:

extent of, in the eighteenth century, i. 2, 3;

her neighbours, i. 3;

her aims, i. 4;

the Great Northern War and its result, i. 5–7;

extension of, in the nineteenth century, i. 8, 35;

reductions in the army, i. 8;

closer touch with Europe, i. 9;

struggles with France, i. 10;

Polish problem, i. 11;

annexation of Finland, i. 12;

further wars with Turkey, i. 13, 24;

deterioration of the army, i. 14;

her navy, i. 15;

her unpreparedness, i. 16;

Crimean War commences, i. 16;

Allies’ disembarkation permitted, i. 17;

battle of the Alma, i. 17, 18;

Inkerman, i. 18;

siege of Sevastopol, i. 18, 19;

a premature peace, i. 20–22, 81, 82;

emancipation of the serfs, i. 23;

Plevna, i. 25;

failure of assaults, i. 26;

her slow concentration and shortcomings, i. 27–29;

her ultimate success, i. 30;

Geok Tepe, i. 31;

Kushk, i. 32;

her position, i. 33–35;

losses in the two centuries, i. 36, 37, 98, 99;

peace and war establishments, i. 38;

her future, i. 39;

her Swedish frontier, i. 40–44;

her German frontier and trade, i. 44–50;

her Austro-Hungarian frontier, i. 50–55;

Austria’s strategic railways, i. 55;

her Roumanian frontier, i. 56;

her Turkish frontier and trade, i. 57;

her Persian frontier and trade, i. 58, 59;

her aims in Persia, i. 61;

her frontier with Afghanistan, i. 62;

her policy versus Great Britain, i. 63–66;

no wish for India, i. 67;

her Chinese frontier, trade, and policy, i. 67–73;

her position, i. 73–77;

lessons from Franco-German War, i. 79, 80;

National wars, i. 80, 81;

her isolation in 1878, i. 83;

her lever against Great Britain, i. 84;

Afghan Boundary Commission, i. 85, 86;

military economy, i. 187;

her disabilities, i. 188, 189;

relative speed of mobilization, i. 90;

the awakening of China, i. 91;

cession of Kuldja, i. 92–94;

her complications, i. 95;

deductions from the past, i. 96;

strain of armed peace, i. 97;

probable losses in the future, i. 99;

dangers of alien population, i. 102;

the chief duty of the twentieth century, i. 103;

her handicap on the west, i. 104, 114;

her forward movement in Manchuria, i. 105;

the disadvantages of a navy, i. 106, 107;

military expenditure, i. 112, 118;

expansion of forces in the Pri-Amur district, i. 121–123;

commencement and causes of the war with Japan, i. 123, 151, 156, 157;

work at Port Arthur, i. 127, 130;

railway factor, i. 131–149;

line of communications 5,400 miles long, i. 135;

dual capacity of Finance Minister, i. 139, 140;

her finance and revenue, i. 141–144;

War Minister’s opinion on the Manchurian and Korean questions, i. 145;

inception of the Siberian Railway, i. 149–155;

Boxer Rebellion, i. 154, 155;

her intentions as to Manchuria, and the result, i. 157–170;

treaty with China, i. 158, 160;

influence of M. de Witte, i. 171;

the Royal Timber Company, i. 172–184, 306–313;

pyramid of her interests, i. 185, 186;

establishment of a Viceroyalty in the Far East, i. 187;

Kuropatkin’s special reports, i. 188–193;

her bluff, i. 194–198;

reasons for her reverses in the war with Japan, i. 229–309, ii. 1–97;

suggested improvements in the army, ii, 98–176;

summary of the war, ii. 177–287;

conclusions upon the battle of Mukden, i. 288–305;

breakdown of the unit organization and distribution, ii. 314–335

Russki Invalid, article on military expenditure, i. 111, 112;

on duty and love of country, ii. 78–80

Russo-Chinese Bank, De Witte’s influence over the, i. 172

Saghalien, Russian garrison at, i. 148, 200;

part concession of, to Japan, i. 232

St. George, the Cross of, ii. 16

St. Petersburg Convention, i. n. 21

Sakharoff, General, Chief of the Headquarter Staff, i. 115, 207;

War Minister, i. 252;

the Siberian Railway, i. 261;

mobilization, i. 272, 273, 276, 277;

unfitness of generals, i. 300;

his description of the Japanese plans, ii. 30;

commands the Southern Force, ii. 209

Samoiloff, Lieutenant-Colonel, military attaché in Japan,

his views on Japanese strength, i. 208

Samsonoff, General, and his Siberian Cossacks, ii. 234

Sappers. See Engineers

Serfs, emancipation of the, i. 23, 24

Servia, war with Turkey, i. 24

Sevastopol, siege of, i. 18, 19, 83;

Russian loss at, i. 98

Sha Ho, Russian strength at battle of, i. 242, ii. 182;

Japanese loss at, ii. 193

Shipka Pass, defence of the, i. 26, 30

Shtakelberg, General:

on the Yalu, ii. 38;

concentration at Te-li-ssu, ii. 218, 219;

battle near the Yen-tai Mines, ii. 234;

strength of his force, ii. n. 78;

faulty disposition of his troops, ii. 246, 247;

his attack on Su-ma-pu, ii. 262

Siberian Railway. See Railways

Siberian Rifle Regiments, East, expansion and value of, i. 124–126, ii. 183, 207

Sinope, Russian victory at, i. 15, 16, 107

Skobeleff, General, at Plevna, i. 26, 28;

seizes Geok Tepe, i. 31, 85, 148

Solovieff, M., historian, the Crimean War, i. 21, 22

Sosnovski, Lieutenant-Colonel, and the Chinese, i. 92

Spade, revival in the army of the use of the, i. 142

Stössel, General:

defence of Port Arthur, ii. 213;

his alarmist reports, ii. 229

Subotin, General, capture of Mukden, i. 155

Sungari River, Russian withdrawal to, i. 232

Surrender, the question of, ii. 175

Suvoroff, Russian battleship, gallantry on the, i. 240

Suvoroff, General, his campaigns, i. 8, 10

Sviatosloff, Grand-Duke, i. 4

Sweden as Russia’s neighbour, i. 3;

war with Russia, i. 12, 36;

her Russian frontier, i. 40–44

Tartars as Russia’s neighbours, i. 3

Ta-shih-chiao, battle of, ii. 182

Tashkent, Russian occupation of, i. 87, 147

Tchernaya, battle of the, i. 18

Telegraph and telephones, need for, ii. 143, 144, 162

Te-li-ssu, Russian disaster at, i. 257, 258

Territorial system, the, ii. 126

Tieh-ling, retirement from, ii. 86

Timber Company, the Royal:

its importance, i. 169;

Bezobrazoff’s propositions, i. 172;

investigation of, i. 173–184;

history of, ii. 306–313

Todleben, General:

Crimean War, i. 21;

assault on Plevna, i. 26

Togo, Admiral:

naval battle at Port Arthur, i. 238, 240

Topornin, General, ii. 276, 292, 297

Trans-Baikal Railway to Vladivostok, i. 69;

capacity of, i. 247–256

Trans-Baikal Cossack, success of, ii. 153

Triple Alliance, the, i. 46, 51, 87, 113

Trous de loup, i. 215, 216

Trubetski, Prince, President of the Moscow nobility,

correspondence with Kuropatkin, ii. 198–200

Tserpitski, General, ii. 279, 280, 290, 296, 297, 330

Tsitsihar, capture of, i. 155, ii. 322

Tsushima, defeat of Russian fleet at, i. 238–241

Turkey, and Russia, i. 3;

wars with Russia, i. 6, 81–83;

her army, i. 15;

her peace strength, i. 15;

Crimean War, i. 16;

war with Servia and Russia, i. 24;

Plevna, i. 25;

Russian loss, i. 36;

possibility of trouble with Russia, i. 58

Turkomans, Russian expedition against the, i. 30–32, 85, 86

Ujin, Colonel, his pack telephone system, ii. n. 45

Uniform, value of, ii. 100–103

Units, proposed details of, ii. 161–163;

breakdown of, ii. 314–335

Ushakoff, Russian ironclad, total loss of, at Tsushima, i. 240

Ussuri districts, Russian annexation of, i. 35, 69, 200

Vannovski, General, War Minister:

the improvement of the army, i. 113;

succeeded by General Kuropatkin, i. 115;

on the allotment of funds, i. 117

Velichko, Major-General, armament for Port Arthur, i. 128

Viceroyalty, establishment of the, i. 187

Vladivostok:

Trans-Baikal Railway, i. 69;

fortification of, i. 126, 148, 151, 200;

Russian fleet at, i. 237;

daring sally from, i. 239;

garrison at, ii. 206

Vogak, Major-General, council at Port Arthur, i. 180

War Department (see also Army), problems for the Russian, i. 1–39;

expansion of the army, and growing complications of defence problems, i. 78–96;

the chief duty of the twentieth century, i. 102–104;

taken by surprise, i. 105;

estimate procedure and inadequacy of funds allotted, i. 116–122, 138, 139;

ready by September, 1905, i. 134;

lines of communication 5,400 miles long, i. 135;

dual capacity of Finance Minister, i. 139;

Manchurian and Korean questions, i. 145–198;

reasons for the Russian reverses, i. 229–309, ii. 1–97;

measures for the improvement of the army, ii. 98–176;

the causes of Russian failure summarized, ii. 177–204

Wei-hai-wei, Japanese occupation of, ii. 30

Witgeft, Admiral, his death while attacking the Japanese fleet, i. 238

Witte, Sergius de, Minister of Finance, and Dalny, i. 127, 172;

his dual capacity, i. 139;

his influence, i. 171;

and the Russo-Chinese Bank, i. 172;

and the evacuation of Manchuria, i. 173;

and the Royal Timber Company, i. 173–184, ii. 306–313

Yakub Beg, death of, i. 92

Yalu, battles on the, i. 125, 257, ii. 38;

the timber concession, i. 169–184, ii. 306–313;

naval engagement at the mouth of the, i. 202

Yellow Peril, the, a reality, ii. 200

Yen-tai mines, battle at the, ii. 234–236

Zarubaeff, General, i. 303;

withdraws his troops towards Hai-cheng, ii. 225;

the retreat from Mukden, ii. 232, 285, 286, 333

Zasulitch, General, his defeat, ii. 38, 211, 212, 225

Zikoff, ii. 212

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