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The plant-lore & garden-craft of Shakespeare

Part 2 — GENERAL INDEX.

Reading edition

Acæna, 44.

Aconitum, 9.

Acorn, 11, 180.

Acorus calamus, 266.

Addison, 92.

Ælfric's "Vocabulary," 126, 155, 158, 167, 199.

Almond, 11.

Aloes, 13.

Anemone, 14.

Apple, 17.

—— for fruit generally, 19, 208.

Apple-john, 22.

Apricot, 23.

Aquilegia, 60.

Artichoke, 88.

Arundo donax, 240.

Ash, 24.

Aspen, 25.

Avoyne, 326.

"Babee's Book," 33, 50, 104, 175, 198.

Bachelor's Buttons, 27.

Bacon on Gardens, &c., 39, 44, 98, 163, 295, 348.

Badham's Fungi, 170.

Baker on Narcissus, 76.

—— Iris, 99.

Balm, 28.

Balsam, 28.

Bannotte, 314.

Barley, 30.

Barnacles, 30.

Barnes' Glossary, 79.

Baskets, 323.

Bay, 31, 136.

Bean, 33.

Bedding-out, 346.

Bedegar, 84.

Beer, 30, 36.

Beisley's "Shakespeare's Garden," 5, 119.

Bilberry, 35.

Bion, 14.

Birch, 35.

Bird's-eye Primrose, 232.

Bird's-nest (Carrot), 51.

Birdwood, Sir G., 122.

Bitter-sweet, 21.

Blackberry, 37, 167.

Blackthorn, 218.

Blights, 355.

Bluebell, 109.

Böhmeria, 178.

Boorde, Andrew, 241, 304.

Box, 38.

Boy's Love, 326.

Bramble, 37.

Brasbridge, T., 125.

Bretby Park, 53.

Briers, 39.

Britten, J. C, 267.

Bromsgrove, 42.

Broom, 41.

Brown's "Religio Medici," 91.

Browne's "Britannia's Pastorals," 3, 24, 32, 87, 92, 111, 163, 171, 203, 227, 266, 270, 282, 290, 347, 369.

Buckingham Palace, 168.

Bullas, 218.

Bullein, 88, 103, 122, 127, 143, 161, 316.

Bulrush, 43.

Burdock, 43, 110.

Burnet, 44.

Burns, 371.

Burs, 43.

Butter, 90, 217.

Butomus umbellatus, 266.

Buttercups, 67, 70.

Buttons (buds), 27.

Cabbage, 45.

Cabbage Rose, 250.

Calcott, Lady, 220.

Calluna, 117.

Camerarius, 14, 208, 213, 311.

Camomile, 46.

Campbell on Nettles, 177.

Canker, 250.

Carat, 148.

Cardamine pratensis, 134.

Carduus benedictus, 124.

Carex, 276.

Carnations, 47.

Carob, 147.

Carraways, 22, 49.

Carrot, 50.

Cassia, 277.

Castle Coch, 304.

"Catholicon Anglicum," 10, 393 to 418, and quoted throughout.

Cedar, 51.

Chaucer's Flowers, 3, 13, 21, 37, 42, 60, 87, 98, 103, 108, 127, 131, 136, 139, 146, 160, 161, 179, 196, 204, 215, 223, 229, 260, 288, 365.

Cherry, 53.

Chester's "Love's Martyr," 160, 193, 244.

Chestnuts, 55.

Cistus, 16.

Clare, 149, 371.

Cleistogamous plants, 313.

Clove, 48, 56.

Clover, 56.

Clubs (of cards), 56.

Cockayne, "Leechdoms," &c., 10, 32, 66, 73, 90, 126, 185, 202, 215, 267, 325, 328.

Cockle, 57, 78.

Codlings, 22.

Coghan, 4, 177, 188, 286, 377.

Colchicum, 268.

Coles, 290, 377.

Collins, 42.

Collinson, 240.

Coloquintida, 58.

Columbyne, 59.

Columella, 154.

Constable, H., 74.

Cooke, M. C., 154.

Cork, 61.

Corn, 62.

Cornish Heath, 117.

Corydalis, 100.

Cotgrave's Dictionary, 393 to 418.

Cotton, 153.

Cottongrass, 147.

Cowley, 91, 171, 270.

Cowper, 142, 378.

Cowslip, 64.

Crab, 20.

Crabwake, 20.

Crape, 71.

Crocus, 269.

Crossberry, 105.

Crow-flowers, 67.

Crown of Thorns, 84, 113, 266.

Crown Imperial, 68.

Cuckoo-buds, 70.

Cucumbers, 233.

Culverkeys, 134.

Currants, 70.

Cutwode's "Caltha," 211, 368.

Cypress, 71.

Cypripedia, 151.

Daffodils, 73.

Daisy, 77, 361.

Damask Rose, 251.

Damson, 216.

Dante, 264.

Darnel, 78.

Darwin, 150, 231, 236, 301.

Dates, 79.

Daubeny, Dr., 154, 189, 262.

Dead Men's Fingers, 80, 149.

Dering, 49.

Deux ans Apple, 22.

Devil's lingels, 133.

Dewberries, 80.

Dian's bud, 80.

Dianthus, 48.

Dielytra, 100.

Dillenius, 101.

Divining rod, 116.

Docks, 81.

Doddington Park, 117.

Dogberry, 81.

Dog-rose, 14.

Douce, 93, 171.

Dove-plant, 60.

Dowden, 2.

Drayton, 45, 59, 65, 84, 98, 110, 134, 174, 223, 368.

Dryden, 370.

Dunbar, 249.

Durham Mustard, 173.

Ebony, 82, 119.

Eglantine, 82, 254.

Elder, 84.

Elm, 87.

Elizabethan Gardens, 342.

Elizabeth, Queen, 349.

Elwes, H. J., 145.

Eringoes, 88.

Etna, Chestnut on, 55.

Evelyn, 52, 116, 124, 315.

Evershed on bay, 33.

Fairy rings, 170.

Falaise, 48.

Farsing Herbs, 275.

Feaberry, 105.

Fennel, 88.

Fern, 90.

Ferule, 89.

Fig, 93.

Fig Mulberry, 288.

Fig Pudding, 239.

Filbert, 94.

Fir, 207.

Flags, 94.

Flax, 95, 97.

Fletcher, 99, 231.

"Flora Domestica," 12, 197, 266.

Flower-de-luce, 97.

Forget-me-not, 4.

Foxglove, 4.

Fremontia Californica, 153.

Frizen Hill, 106.

Fuller, Thos., 156.

Fumitory, 100.

Furze, 100.

Gale, 174.

Gardens, 340, 342.

Gardeners, 349.

Garlande, John de, 167.

Garlick, 102.

Gay, 162.

Gerard, 5, 393 to 418, and quoted throughout.

Gilliflower, 48.

Gilpin, 91.

Ginger, 103.

Gladstone, W. E., 16.

Glossaries, 10, 393.

Goethe, 195.

Goldes, 157.

Golding's Ovid, 15.

Gooseberries, 105.

Gorse, 106.

Gourd, 106, 232.

Gower, 21, 57, 74, 89, 114, 118, 143, 157, 223, 229, 259.

Grafting, 353.

Granada, Arms of, 220.

Grapes, 299.

Grass, 107.

Greene, 128.

Grindon, Leo H., 5, 17.

Gundulph, 49.

Gwillim, 297.

Hakluyt, 22, 23, 237, 269, 305.

Hanham Hall, 186.

Harebell, 109.

Harlocks, 110, 121.

Harrison, W. A., 119.

Harrison's "England," 340.

Harting, 30.

Haver, 184.

Hawes, 366.

Hawthorn, 110.

Hazel, 113.

Heath, 116.

Hebenon, 118.

Hedges, 113, 334.

Helmet-flower, 10.

Hemans, Mrs., 26, 66.

Hemlock, 121.

Hemp, 121.

Henbane, 119, 129.

Herbert, G., 68, 190, 255, 314, 357, 370.

Herb of Grace, 122, 259.

Herodotus, 102, 250.

Herrick's Flowers, 74, 83, 250, 258, 369.

Herschel, Sir J., 97.

Hibiscus, 153.

Highclere Park, 53.

Holderstock, 86.

Holly, 122, 130.

Hollyhock, 152.

Holy Thistle, 124.

Homer, 76, 188, 318.

Honeystalks, 56.

Honeysuckle, 125.

Hooker, Sir J., 192, 319.

Horace, 90, 94, 102, 130, 152, 204, 236, 243.

Horse Chestnut, 55.

Hyssop, 128.

Insane root, 129.

Ivy, 129, 327.

Jervis, S., Dictionary, 70.

Joan Silverpin, 222.

Johns on Trees, 289.

John's, St., Bread, 148.

Johnston, 121, 133, 205, 289, 330.

Jonquil, 73.

Jonson, Ben, 3, 4, 11, 15, 21, 66, 77, 95, 98, 121, 152.

Josephus, 154.

Judas, 85.

Juvenal, 13, 94, 138, 204.

Keats, 75, 132.

Kecksies, 132.

Kemble, F., 279.

Kew, 92, 194.

Kirby on Trees, 323.

Knot-grass, 133.

Knots, 345.

Lady-smocks, 134.

Lark's heels, 135.

Latimer, 57, 272.

Laurel, 135.

Laurembergius, 143, 258, 310.

Lavaillee, 24, 178.

Lavender, 137.

Lawson, 46, 105, 140, 178, 342, 343, 347.

Leathercoat, 22.

Lebanon, Cedar of, 52.

Leek, 138.

Lee's "Sea Fables," 30.

Lemon, 140.

Lettuce, 140.

Levens Hall, 237, 344.

"Libæus Diaconus," 90.

Lily, 140.

—— of the Field, 145.

—— of the Valley, 4.

Lily's "Euphues," 46, 128.

Lime, 146.

Lind, 146.

Lindley, Dr., 53, 79, 109, 152, 204, 284.

Ling, 116, 147.

Linnæus, 116, 147.

Locusts, 147.

Longfellow, 89, 214.

Long Purples, 148.

Loosestrife, 149.

Love-in-idleness, 309.

Lupton, 237.

Lyte, 23, 47, 79, 91, 129, 136, 148, 159, 167, 190, 241.

Mace, 151.

Mallows, 152.

Mandeville, Sir John, 20, 31, 72, 84, 85, 113, 255, 266.

Mandrake, 153, 226.

Manuring, 352.

Maple, 288.

Marathon, 89.

Margaret, St., 364.

Marigold, 155.

Marjoram, 159.

Marlowe, 118.

Marsh, J. F., 27, 89.

Marvel, A., 190.

Marybuds, 155.

Masters, Dr., 216.

Masts, 159.

Maw, G., 273.

Medlar, 160.

Melittis melissophyllum, 29.

Miller, 34, 191.

Milner's "Country Pleasures," 82.

Milton's Flowers, 65, 74, 83, 87, 109, 126, 133, 174, 197, 224, 230, 241, 261, 295, 347, 309, 369.

Mint, 161.

Mistletoe, 162.

Mohammed on Garlick, 102.

Monk's-hood, 10.

Montgomery, A., 143.

More, Sir T., 257.

Morat, 167.

Moss, 164.

Mulberries, 166.

Mushrooms, 169.

Musk Roses, 252.

Mustard, 172.

Myrtle, 174.

Names of Plants, 393.

Narcissus, 73, 175.

Nash, T., 195.

Neckam, A., 12, 79.

Neckweed, 122.

Nettles, 175.

—— of India, 178.

Newton, Thos., 78, 264, 321, 330.

Nicholson, Dr., 119.

Nightshades, 225.

Nut, 114.

Nutmeg, 179.

Oak, 180.

Oats, 183.

Oil from Walnuts, 316.

Olive, 184.

Onions, 187.

Opium, 223.

Orange, 188.

Orchids, 149.

Oreodaphne Californica, 32.

Osier, 192, 320.

Ovid, 15.

Oxlip, 66, 192.

Paigle, 66.

Palladius, 73, 140, 261, 303, 343.

Palm, 79, 192, 321, 329.

Pansies, 196, 309.

Parkinson—quoted throughout.

Parsley, 197.

Parsnip, 50.

Pasque flower, 17.

Patience (Docks), 81.

Pawnce, 196.

Peach, 161, 198.

Pear, 199.

Peas, 201.

Pensioners, 65.

Pepper, 203.

Pepys, 177.

Phillips, 34, 316.

Picotee, 48.

Pignuts, 205.

Pine, 205.

Pine Apples, 208.

Pink, 48, 209.

Piony, 211.

Pippins, 21.

Planché on fleur-de-lis, 97.

Plane, 213.

Plantagenet, 41.

Plantain, 214.

Platt, Sir H., 163, 281.

Pliny, 13, 16, 48, 72.

Plum, 216.

Plutarch, 12.

Poetry of Gardening, 339.

Poet's Narcissus, 77.

"Poets' Pleasaunce," 109, 311.

Polyanthus, 66.

Pomatum, 20.

Pomegranate, 219.

Pomewater, 21.

Popering Pear, 201.

Poppy, 222.

Potato, 224.

Primrose, 66, 226.

Prior, Dr., 16, 47, 60, 66, 70, 74, 81, 105, 110, 114, 133, 163, 197, 227.

"Promptorium Parvulorum," 10, 393 to 418, and quoted throughout.

Provençal Rose, 250.

Prudentius, 312.

Prunes, 216.

Pruning, 351.

Pumpion, 232.

Purple colour, 16.

Pythagoras, 154.

Quarles, 264.

Quince, 234.

Radish, 236.

Ragged Robin, 67.

Raisins, 238.

Raspberry, 283.

Redouté's "Liliacæ," 99.

Reeds, 239.

"Remedie of Love," 13.

Rest-harrow, 133.

Rhubarb, 241.

Rice, 242.

Rochester Castle, 49.

"Romaunt of the Rose," 12, 27, 139, 179, 221, 238, 343.

Rose, 243.

—— of Sharon, 76.

Rosebery, Arms, 232.

Rosemary, 256.

Ross, Alex., 16.

Rousseau, 374.

Roxburghe Ballads, 41, 62.

Ruddes, 156.

Rue, 259.

Rush, 262.

Ruskin, 109, 165, 166, 186, 206, 223, 292.

Rye, 267.

Saffron, 268.

Sales, St. Francis de, 98, 158, 284, 311, 326.

Samphire, 274.

Savory, 275.

Saxo Grammaticus, 119.

Schmidt, 70, 210.

"Schola Salernæ," 261.

"Schoole-House of Women," 26.

Scotch Fir, 207.

—— Thistle, 291.

Scott, Sir W., 207, 309.

Sea Holly, 88, 267.

Sedge, 276.

Senna, 277.

Shakespeare, Books on the flowers of, 5.

—— Books on his occupations, 1.

—— Seasons of, 381.

Shamrock, 56.

Shelley, 75.

Shenstone, 259.

Sibthorp, "Flora Græca," 154.

Skelton, 60.

Sleepwort, 140.

Sloes, 218.

Smith, on Ferns, 92.

Snowdrops, 4.

Sops-in-wine, 48.

Speargrass, 277.

Spenser's Flowers, 3, 12, 15, 32, 38, 47, 58, 60, 81, 83, 86, 87, 98, 106, 112, 118, 128, 131, 136, 140, 143, 157, 167, 197, 223, 228, 230, 264, 270, 280, 282, 348, 366.

Spinsters, 96.

Squash, 202.

Stockholm MS., 100, 261, 325.

Stover, 279.

Strawberries, 279.

Sugar, 284.

Sweet Brier, 83, 254.

Sweet Marjoram, 159.

Sycamore, 287.

Tannahill, 67.

"Tatler," 92.

Tares, 299.

Tarragon, 326.

Tennyson, 149, 191, 194, 207, 373.

Thaun's "Bestiary," 154.

Theocritus, 14, 90, 94, 126, 130.

Thistle, 124, 289.

Thorns, 292.

Thyme, 294.

Thynne's "Emblems," 157.

Toadstools, 170.

Tobacco, 4.

Topiary art, 39, 344, 352.

Tortworth Park, 55.

Treacle, 103.

Turner's "Herbal," 4, 13, 23, 35, 105, 194, 195, 198, 202, 213.

Turnips, 297.

Tusser, 228, 232, 279, 281, 290, 325.

Tyndale, 41.

Vaughan, H., 33, 312.

Vegetable Marrow, 233.

Vetches, 298.

Vines, 87, 299.

Vineyards, English, 301.

Violets, 307.

Virgil, 10, 189.

Vocabularies, 10.

Wallace, 101.

Waller, 225.

Walnut, 314.

Walton, Izaak, 134, 137, 143, 280.

Warden Pears, 200.

Warwick Castle, 53.

Waterton, 37.

Watson, Forbes, 66, 77, 229, 273, 346.

Waybred, 214.

Weeds, 354.

Westminster Hall, 55.

Wheat, 317.

White Thorn, 112.

Wickliffe, 41.

Wilkinson, Lady, 60, 73, 97, 292.

Willow, 319.

Wilson, G. F., 145.

Windflower, 16.

Wines, English, 303.

Winter Aconite, 10.

Wistman's Wood, 183.

Withers, G., 158.

Withy, 320.

Wolf's-bane, 10.

Woodbine, 126.

Woodbury, 195.

Wordsworth, 75, 206, 372.

Wormwood, 81, 324.

Wright's "Vocabularies," 10.

—— "Domestic Manners," 96, 218.

Wyatt's Poems, 3.

Wych Elm, 88.

Yew, 119, 327.

Yggdrasil, 24.

York and Lancaster Rose, 253.

vase with flowers surrounded by scrollwork
vase with flowers surrounded by scrollwork

UNWIN BROTHERS, THE GRESHAM PRESS, CHILWORTH AND LONDON.

Notes in this chapter

Note 7 · "The country around Stratford presents the perfection of quiet English scenery; it is remarkable for its wealth of lovely wild flowers, for Note 8 · The two chief exceptions are Ben Jonson (1574-1637) and William Browne (1590-1645). Jonson, though born in London, and living there the greaNote 9 · Perhaps the most noteworthy plant omitted is Tobacco—Shakespeare must have been well acquainted with it, not only as every one in his day knNote 10 · It seems probable that the Lily of the Valley was not recognized as a British plant in Shakespeare's time, and was very little grown even inNote 11 · I may mention the following works as more or less illustrating the Plant-lore of Shakespeare:— 1.—"Shakspere's Garden," by Sidney Beisly, 18Note 1 · "Aconita, thung." Ælfric's "Vocabulary," 10th century. "Aconitum, thung." Anglo-Saxon Vocabulary, 11th century. "Aconita, thung." "Durham GlNote 1 · "Plutarch mentions a great drinker of wine who, by the use of bitter almonds, used to escape being intoxicated."—Flora Domestica, p. 6.Note 3 · In the "Nineteenth Century" for October, 1877, is an interesting article by Mr. Gladstone on the "colour-sense" in Homer, proving that HomerNote 4 · Mr. Leo Grindon also identifies the classical Anemone with the Cistus. See a good account of it in "Gardener's Chronicle," June 3, 1876.Note 2 · The Apricot has usually been supposed to have come from Armenia, but there is now little doubt that its original country is the Himalaya (M.Note 1 · Mr. J. Fitchett Marsh, of Hardwicke House, Chepstow, in "The Garden." I have to thank Mr. Marsh for much information kindly given both in "TNote 1 · "The Anglo-Saxon Beay was not a ring only, or an armlet: it was also a coronet or diadem. . . . The Bays, then, of our Poets and the Bay treNote 3 · For an interesting account of the Bay and the Laurels, giving the history of the names, &c., see two papers by Mr. H. Evershed in "Gardener'Note 1 · Lawson, "New Orchard," p. 54.Note 1 · Drayton also allotted the Cowslip as the special Fairies' flower— "For the queene a fitting bower, (Quoth he) is that tall Cowslip flower."—Note 1 · In Scotland the Wild Hyacinth is still called the Crow-flower— "Sweet the Crow-flower's early bell Decks Gleniffer's dewy dell, Blooming likNote 1 · Cypress, or Cyprus (for the word is spelt differently in the different editions), is also mentioned by Shakespeare in the following— (1) CloNote 2 · "Herbe orijam and Thyme and Violette Eke Affodyle and savery thereby sette." Palladius on Husbandrie, book i, 1014. (E. E. Text Soc.)Note 4 · The "Quarterly Review," quoting this description, says that "few poets ever lived who could have written a description so simple and originaNote 1 · Why Falstaff should be called a dead Elm is not very apparent; but the Elm was associated with death as producing the wood for coffins. ThusNote 1 · For these supposed virtues of the Artichoke see Bullein's "Book of Simples."Note 1 · See Brown's "Religio Medici," p. ii. 2.Note 2 · It probably was the real belief, as we find it so often mentioned as a positive fact; thus Browne— "Poor silly fool! thou striv'st in vain tNote 1 · This proverbial worthlessness of the Fig is of ancient date. Theocritus speaks of συκινοι ανδρες, useless men; Horace, "Olim truncus eram fiNote 1 · "Juniper. Go get white of egg and a little Flax, and close the breach of the head; it is the most conducible thing that can be."—Ben Jonson,Note 1 · G. Fletcher's Flower-de-luce was certainly the Iris— "The Flower-de-Luce and the round specks of dew That hung upon the azure leaves did sheNote 2 · "Crist, which that is to every harm triacle." Chaucer, Man of Lawes Tale. "Treacle was there anone forthe brought." Le Morte Arthur, 864.Note 1 · There is a hill near Lansdown (Bath) now called Frizen or Freezing Hill. Within memory of man it was covered with Gorse. This was probably tNote 1 · "'Dust of sapphire,' writes my friend Dr. John Brown to me of the wood Hyacinths of Scotland in the spring; yes, that is so—each bud more beNote 2 · Mr. Beisley suggests Enoron, i.e., Nightshade, which Mr. Dyce describes as "a villainous conjecture." In my first edition I expressed my belNote 1 · In Shakespeare's time the vulgar name for Hemp was Neckweed, and there is a curious account of it under that name by William Bullein, in "ThNote 2 · Milton probably took the idea from Theocritus— "Ivy reaches up and climbs, Gilded with blossom-dust about its lip; Round which a Woodbine wrNote 1 · It seems likely from the following passage from Lily's "Euphues, the anatomy of wit," 1617, that the plants were not named at random by IagoNote 1 · Sheep feeding on Ivy— "My sheep have Honeysuckle bloom for pasture; Ivy grows In multitudes around them, and blossoms like the Rose." TheocrNote 2 · "The Ivy-mesh Shading the Ethiop berries."—Keats, Endymion.Note 2 · "Within the garden's peaceful scene Appeared two lovely foes, Aspiring to the rank of Queen, The Lily and the Rose. * * * * * Yours is, sheNote 1 · "Be ay of chier as light as lyf on Lynde."—Chaucer, The Clerkes Tale, l'envoi.Note 1 · In the "Bestiary of Philip de Thaun" (12 cent.), published in Wright's Popular Treatises on Science written during the Middle Ages, the maleNote 2 · For some curious early English notices of the Mandrake, see "Promptorium Parvulorum," p. 324, note. See also Brown's "Vulgar Errors," book iNote 2 · "You the Sun to her must play, She to you the Marigold, To none but you her leaves unfold." Middleton and Rowley, The Spanish Gipsy. See alNote 3 · "Solsequium vel heliotropium; Solsece vel sigel-hwerfe" (i.e., sun-seeker or sun-turner).—Ælfric's Vocabulary. "Marigolde; solsequium, sponsNote 1 · So Chester speaks of it as "the Young Man's Medlar" ("Love's Martyr," p. 96, New Sh. Soc.).Note 1 · "Mistel est a mist stercus, quod ex stercore avium pronascitur, nec aliter pronasci potest."—Wachter, Glossary (quoted in "Notes and QueriesNote 3 · "L'ortie s'établit partout dans les contrées temperées à la suite de l'homme pour disparaitre bientôt si le lieu on elle s'est ainsi implantNote 3 · In connection with this, Turner's account of the Palm in 1538 is worth quoting: "Palmā arborem in anglia nunq' me vidisse memini. Indie tameNote 3 · "Flamy, because its colours are seen in the flame of wood."—Flora Domestica, 166.Note 1 · The original meaning of Peascod is a bag of peas. Cod is bag as Matt. x. 10—"ne codd, ne hlaf, ne feo on heora gyrdlum—'not a bag, not a loaNote 1 · It is very probable that this does not refer to the colour—"Pink = winking, half-shut."—Schmidt. And see Nares, s.v. Pinke eyne.Note 2 · The name was variously spelt, e.g.— "And other trees there was mane one The Pyany, the Poplar, and the Plane." The Squyr of Lowe Degre, 39. Note 1 · "We usually think of the Poppy as a coarse flower; but it is the most transparent and delicate of all the blossoms of the field. The rest, nNote 1 · I have only been able to find one record of the flowering of Arundo donax in England—"Mem: Arundo donax in flower, 15th September, 1762, theNote 1 · This was a familiar idea with the old writers: "Therefore, sister Bud, grow wise by my folly, and know it is far greater happinesse to lose Note 3 · We have an old record of the existence of large double Roses in Asia by Herodotus, who tells us, that in a part of Macedonia were the so-calNote 6 · "A Rose beside his beauty is a cure."—G. Herbert, Providence.Note 1 · "Rewe on my child, that of thyn gentilnesse Rewest on every sinful in destresse." Chaucer, The Man of Lawes Tale.Note 1 · "Around the islet at its lowest edge, Lo, there beneath, where breaks th' encircling wave, The yielding mud is thick with Rushes crowned. NNote 2 · "In the South of Europe Juniper branches were used for this purpose, as they still are in Sweden."—Flora Domestica, p. 213. "As I have seen Note 3 · I leave this as I first wrote it, but I have to thank Mr. Britten for the very probable suggestion that Sir John Mandeville was right. Not oNote 2 · "Cilician," or "Corycean," were the established classical epithets to use when speaking of the Saffron. Cowley quotes— "Corycii pressura CroNote 1 · "Mrs. Somerville made for me a delicate outline sketch of what is called Othello's house in Venice, and a beautifully coloured copy of his sNote 5 · "The wood nymphs oftentimes would busied be, And pluck for him the blushing Strawberry, Making from them a bracelet on a bent, Which for a Note 1 · "It is the juice of certain canes or reedes whiche growe most plentifully in the Ilandes of Madera, Sicilia, Cyprus, Rhodus and Candy. It isNote 1 · See an interesting and fanciful account of the fitness of the Thistle as the emblem of Scotland in Ruskin's "Proserpina," pp. 135-139.Note 4 · See Preface to "Palladius on Husbandrie," p. viii. (Early English Text Society), for a further account of old English Vineyards.Note 7 · Andrew Boorde was evidently a lover of good wine, and his account is: "This I do say that all the kingdoms of the world have not so many sunNote 2 · This peculiarity is not confined to the Violet. It is found in some species of Oxalis, Impatiens, Campanula, Eranthemum, Amphicarpea, LeeisiNote 1 · Yet Homer considered it to be indigenous in Sicily—Odyss: ix, 109—and Cicero, perhaps on the authority of Homer, says the same: "Insula CereNote 1 · These beds (as we should now call them) were called "tables" or "plots"— "Mark out the tables, ichon by hem selve Sixe foote in brede, and xNote 3 · Including shrubs— "'Tis another's lot To light upon some gard'ner's curious knot, Where she upon her breast (love's sweet repose), Doth brinNote 5 · Queen Elizabeth's love of gardening and her botanical knowledge were celebrated in a Latin poem by an Italian who visited England in 1586, aNote 1 · "Flowers depart To see their mother-root, when they have blown; Where they together, All the hard weather Dead to the world, keep house unk
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