WHAT THEY SIGNIFY.

Adams, Mt.—Called by Winthrop, Tacoma the Second (1853). Named for President Adams. Indian name Pat-to, signifying high. This name was applied to snow caps generally by the Indians.

Baker, Mt.—Named for Lieut. Baker by Vancouver, when discovered April 30, 1792. Called by Winthrop (1853), Kulshan; possibly the Indian name. Referred to by the Spanish as Montana del Carmelo. Called Mt. Polk by the Americans (1846).

Bitter Root Range.—Same as the Cœur d'Alene mountains.

Coffin, Mt.—Originally used as an Indian burying ground and named by Lieut. Broughton (1792).

Castle Rock.—Referred to by Lewis and Clark as Beacon Rock (1805). Subsequently called Castle Rock, because of its appearance.

Cascades.—Known as President's Range (1846). The mountains were named for the cascades of the Columbia river.

Cape Horn.—So named because of the difficulty experienced in doubling it (1812.)

Goat Mountain.—Called Plas (long sound of a) by the Indians, meaning white. So called because of the white rocks. Mountain goats formerly abounded in that vicinity, hence the present name.

Hood, Mt.—Discovered by Broughton, October 29, 1792, and named for Lord Hood of England. General Indian name, Pat-to. An active volcano in 1846. Same as Mt. Washington of the Americans (1846).

Jefferson, Mt.—Discovered by Lewis and Clark and named for President Jefferson, 1806. Same as Mt. Vancouver of the British (1846).

McLaughlin, Mt.—Lat. 43° 30'. Named for John McLaughlin who established Vancouver, introduced live stock, fruit, vegetables and grain. Same as Mt. Madison of the Americans (1846). Sometimes called Diamond Peak.

Oregon.—First used by Capt. Jonathan Carver in a book published in London (1774). The name appeared in the following statement: "The river Bourbon empties itself into Hudson's Bay; the waters of St. Lawrence; the Mississippi and the river Oregon, or the River of the West, that falls into the Pacific ocean at the straits of Anian." Numerous theories are advanced as to the origin of the name with Carver, but nothing conclusive is shown on the subject. The original Oregon embraced an uncertain portion of the entire Northwest (1578), called by the British New Albion. One portion of it was called New Georgia (1792), and another (1806), New Caledonia by British traders. The Spanish government designated the entire country (1790), as "The Coast of California, in the South Sea."

Olympus, Mt.—Was discovered by Juan Perez, a Spanish pilot, and called El Cero de la Santa Rosalia. Named Olympus by Capt. Mears, July 4, 1788. Same as Mt. Van Buren (1846).

Puget Sound.—Named by Vancouver for his lieutenant, Peter Puget, the discoverer, May 19th, 1792. Known among the Indians as Whulge, also as K' uk' lults.

Rainier, Mt.—Discovered by Vancouver in May, 1792, and named for Rear Admiral Rainier of the English navy. Sometimes called Mt. Tacoma. Called Mt. Harrison by the Americans (1846). See pages 55, 57 and 59.

Rocky Mountains.—Named by the Verendrye brothers (1742). First called Stony Mountains.

Saddle Mt.—Called by the Indians, "Swallalahoost." Named by Wilkes, Saddle Mountain (1842), on account of its shape.

St. Helens, Mt.—Discovered by Broughton of Vancouver's party, October 20, 1792, and named in honor of His Majesty's ambassador at Madrid. Known among Americans as Mt. Washington (1846), as also Mt. John Adams. Called by the Indians Lou-wala-clough, meaning smoking mountain.

Tillamook Head.—(1806), originally spelled Killamook. Lewis and Clark refer to it as "Clark's Point of View."

Tacoma, Mt.—See Rainier, also pages 55, 57 and 59.