Book 140 — INDEX. (continued 2)

——, Hostus, distinguishes himself in battle against the Sabines, and falls, i. 12.

Hybla, xxvi. 21.

Hypata, xxxvi. 17; xxxvii. 7; xli. 25.

Hyrcanian plains, xxxvii. 38.

Ibera, city, xxiii. 28. So called from

Iberus, river, the boundary between the Romans and Carthaginians in Spain, xxi. 2, 5; xxvi. 17.

Icilius, L., betrothed to Virginia, iii. 44—51. Is made plebeian tribune on the Aventine, 54.

——, ——, plebeian tribune, iv. 52.

——, Sp., plebeian tribune, ii. 58.

——, three of that name plebeian tribunes in one year, iv. 54.

Idæan Mother brought to Rome from Pessinus in Asia, xxix. 10, 14.

Ilergetians subdued by Hannibal, xxi. 23. Their country wasted by Cn. Scipio, 62. They renew the war, xxii. 21. They implore aid from the Romans, xxxiv. 11.

Ilians, xxix. 12; xxxviii. 39.

Ilium, xxxv. 43; xxxvii. 9.

Illiberis, xxi. 24.

Illiturgis is besieged by the Carthaginians, and relieved by the Romans, xxiii. 49. Is again besieged, and relieved, xxiv. 41; xxvi. 17. Revolts to the Carthaginians, xxviii. 19. Is taken by Scipio, and burnt, 20, 25.

Illyrians, their designs, in favour of Philip, are discovered to the Romans, xlii. 26. They join Perseus, xliv. 30—32. Are declared free, xlv. 18.

Ilva, island, xxx. 39.

Ilvatian Ligurians, xxxi. 10; xxxii. 29.

India, ix. 17; xxxv. 32; xlv. 9.

Indians, bad soldiers, ix. 19.

Indibilis, prince of the Ilergetians, xxii. 21; xxiv. 34. His family kindly treated by Scipio, xxvi. 49. He joins Scipio, xxvii. 17. Changes sides again, xxviii. 24. Submits to Scipio, and is pardoned, 34. Revolts, and is killed in battle, xxix. 2, 3.

Indiges Jupiter, Æneas so called, i. 2,

Indigetes, deities, iv. 9.

Indus, river, xxxviii. 14.

Ingaunian Ligurians, xxviii. 46; xxx. 19. A treaty between them and the Romans xxxi. 2.

Insubrian Gauls, a canton of the Æduans, found Mediolanum, v. 34. Plunder and burn Placentia, xxxi. 10. Are defeated by the Romans, xxxii. 30.

Interamna, Roman colony, ix. 28. In vain attempted by the Samnites, x. 36. Refuses supplies, xxvii. 9. Is compelled to contribute more than usual, xxix. 15.

Interest of money, vii. 16, 21. Reduced, 27.

Intermarriage of patricians and plebeians, iv. 1, 3, 4.

Inuus, Pan so called, i. 5.

Interregnums, i. 17, 22; iii. 8; iv. 7, 43, 51; v. 17, 31; vi. 1, 5; vii. 17, 21, 28; iv. 3, 17; ix. 7; x. 11; *xi. 10, 23, 33.

Ionia, xxxiii. 38; xxxiv. 58; xxxviii. 13.

Ionian Sea, xiii. 35*; xxiii. 33: xlii. 48.

Isalca, Gætulian general, xxiii. 18.

Issa, island, xliii. 9.

Issæans join the Roman fleet, xxxi. 45. Complain of the Macedonians, xlii. 26.

Ister, river, xxxix. 35; xl. 21, 57.

Isthmus of Corinth, xlv. 28.

Istrians, a savage nation, x. 2; xxi. 16. The Romans at war with them, xli. 1, 11.

Jamphorina, capital city of Mædica, surrendered to the Romans, xxvi. 25.

Janiculum added to the city, i. 33. Is seized by the Etrurians, ii. 10, 51.

Janus, his temple shut twice after the reign of Numa, i. 19.

Jassus demanded by the Rhodians, xxxii. 33. The Romans raise the siege of it at the request of the Rhodians, xxxvii. 17.

Jubellius Taurea, Campanian, his encounter with Cl. Asellus, xxiii. 8, 47. His death, xxvi. 15.

Jugarian street, in Rome, xxiv. 47; xxvii. 37; xxxv. 21.

Julian family, originally Alban, i. 30.

Julius Julus, C., consul, ii. 43. Decemvir, iii. 33. Is deputed by the senate to the seceders on the Aventine, 50.

——, C., consul, iii. 65. Again, iv. 21. A third time, 23.

——, Julus, C., consular tribune, iv. 56. Again, 61. Dies censor, v. 31.

——, C., dictator, vii. 21.

——, Mento, C., consul, disputes with his colleague and the senate, iv. 26.

Julius, L., consular tribune, iv. 16. Master of horse, 26. Consul, 30.

——, ——, consular tribune, vi. 30.

——, Julus, L., consular tribune, v. 1.

——, —— ——, consular tribune, v. 10. Again, 16.

——, Sex., consular tribune, iv. 35.

——, Cæsar, Sex., prætor, xxvii. 21. Deputed to the consul, 29.

Junius Bubulcus, C., consul, ix. 20. A second time, 28. Dictator, 29. A third time consul, 30. Master of horse, 38. Censor, 43. Dictator, x. 1. He triumphs over the Æquans.

——, Brutus, D., master of horse, iv. 12. Consul, 29.

——, Scæva, D., lieutenant-general, x. 43. Consul, 47.

——, D., commander at the mouth of the Vulturnus, xxiv. 22.

——, Brutus, L., is sent to Delphi, with the sons of Tarquinius, i. 56. Accompanies Collatinus to Lucretia, 58. Takes the lead in expelling the Tarquins, 59. Is created consul, 60. Puts his own sons to death for a conspiracy, ii. 2. Falls in fight, together with Aruns his antagonist, 6.

——, L., commissioner to Macedonia, xlv. 17.

——, Pennus, M., plebeian ædile, xxix. 11. Prætor, xxx. 40.

——, Pera, M., dictator, after the battle of Cannæ, xxii. 57; xxiii. 14.

——, M., deputed to the senate by the prisoners in the hands of Hannibal, xxii. 59.

——, Silanus, M., prætor, xxiv. 2. Lieutenant-general to P. Scipio, xxvi. 19. He gains a victory over Mago and Hanno, xxviii. 2.

——, Brutus, M., prætor, xxxv. 24. Commissioner to settle the affairs of Asia, xxxvii. 55. Consul, xl. 59.

——, ——, P., plebeian tribune, supports the Oppian law, xxxiv. 1. Plebeian ædile; he punishes usurers, xxxv. 41.

——, P., prætor, xxxvi. 45. Leads an army against the Etrurians, xxxvii. 2.

——, Q., plebeian tribune, proposes to revenge the death of Mælius, iv. 16.

Juno, i. 32.

——, Moneta, vii. 28.

——, Sospita, iv. 14; xxxiv. 25.

——, Lacinia, xxii. 1; xxiii. 33; xxiv. 3; xxviii. 46; xxx. 20.

——, Regina, v. 21. Brought from Veii to Rome, 22. An offering made to her by Camillus, vi. 4. A temple dedicated to her by M. Æmilius, xl. 52.

Jupiter Capitolinus, i. 55; vi. 17.

——, Dodonæus, iv. 24.

——, Elicius, i. 20.

——, Feretrius, i. 10.

——, Imperator, vi. 29.

Jupiter Optimus Maximus, iv. 2.

——, Stator, i. 12, 41; x. 36

——, Victor, x. 29.

——, Latiaris, xxi. 63; xxii. 1.

——, Olympius, xxiv. 21.

——, Trophonius, xlv. 27.

——, Vicilinus, xxiv. 44.

Juventas, goddess, v. 54; xxi. 62; xxxvii. 36.

Juventius Thalna, L., lieutenant-general, xxxix. 31.

——, M., plebeian tribune, accuses Lucretius, xliii. 8. Prætor, xlv. 16.

King of the sacrifices, ii. 2. vi. 41; ix. 34.

Kings banished from Rome, i. 59.

Knights, three centuries instituted by Romulus, i. 13. The number doubled by Serv. Tullius, 43. There are three hundred in each legion, iv. 8. They are furnished with horses by the public, i. 43, 45. They wear gold rings, xxiii. 12. Are reviewed annually, ix. 46. They serve on their own horses, and pay is assigned to them, v. 7. The censors punish several for misconduct, by depriving them of their horses, xxiv. 18; xxvii. 11; xxix. 37. Six hundred are given as hostages to the Samnites, ix. 5. Are recovered, 15.

Labeatians subject to Gentius, xliii. 19; xliv. 31.

Labeo, Cn., military tribune, xxxiii. 22.

Labici, or Lavici, taken by Coriolanus, ii. 39. Its lands wasted by Gracchus, iii. 25. It is taken by the Romans, who settle a colony there, iv. 47, 49. Lavican road, 41.

Lacedæmon robbed by Nabis and his wife, xxxii. 40. Besieged by Quintius, xxxiv. 40. Visited by P. Æmilius, xlv. 28. See Sparta.

Lacedæmonians, or Laconians, under Cleonymus, infest the coast of Italy, x. 2. Quarrel with the Achæans, xxxi. 25. War is declared against them by the Romans, xxxiv. 22. They are subdued by T. Quintius, xxvi. 40. Are given in charge to the Achæans, xxxv. 13. Their towns on the coast are attacked by Nabis, 22. They are delivered from the tyranny of Nabis, who is assassinated by Ætolians, and they join the Achæan league, 36.

Lacerius, C., plebeian tribune, v. 10.

Lacetania, xxi. 23.

Lacetanians are reduced by Scipio, xxi. 60, 61. They attack the allies of the Romans, xxviii. 24. M. Silanus is sent against them, 26. See xxxiii. 34.

Lacinium, xxxvi. 42.

Lacumaces, Numidian, called king by Mezetulus, xxix. 29, 30.

Lælius, C., is appointed commander of the fleet by Scipio, xxvi. 42. Sent to Rome with despatches, xxvii. 7. Sent to Africa, xxix. 1, 4, 6. Goes with Scipio into Africa, 25. He and Masinissa pursue and defeat Syphax, xxx. 9, 11, 13, 17.

Lælius, C., prætor, xxxiii. 25. Consul, xxxvi. 45.

Lætorius, C., curule ædile, xxiii. 30; xxiv. 22. Prætor, xxvi. 23; xxvii. 8.

——, Cn., lieutenant-general, xxxi. 21.

——, L., plebeian ædile, xxx. 39.

——, M., chief centurion, is appointed to dedicate a temple of Mercury, ii. 27.

Lake, Alban, rises to an unusual height, v. 15.

——, Curtian, i. 13; vii. 6.

——, Fucine, iv. 57.

——, Regillus, ii. 19. vi. 2.

——, Vadimon. ix. 39.

——, Avernus, xxiv. 13, 20.

——, Trasimenus, xxii. 4.

——, Ostia, xxvii. 11.

Lamia, Ætolians defeated there by Philip, xxvii. 30; xxxv. 43. Besieged by him, xxxvi. 25. By Acilius, xxxvii. 4. Is taken, 5.

Lampsacus attacked by Antiochus, xxxiii. 38; xxxv. 42. Is admitted into alliance with Rome, xliii. 6.

Lanuvians, revolt, vi. 21. Are made citizens of Rome, iv. 14.

Lanuvium, iii. 29; vi. 2; xxvi. 8; xxix. 14.

Lares, household gods, iv. 9. Permarini, xl. 52.

Larissa, a council of the Thessalians held there, xxxvi. 8. Philip’s forces assembled, xxviii. 5; xxxii. 15, 25, 33; xxxvi. 9.

——, Cremaste, xlii. 56.

Larissus, river, xxvii. 31,

Lars, or Lartes. See Porsenna and Tolumnius.

Lartius, Sp., assists Horatius in defence of the bridge, ii. 10.

——, T., consul and first dictator, ii. 18. A second time consul, 21.

Laticlaves laid aside in mourning, ix. 7.

Latin festival, v. 17, 19; vi. 42; xxi. 63; xxii. 1; xxiv. 11; xxxii. 1; xxxvii. 3; xl. 45.

Latins, whence so called, i. 2. Ancient Latins, 3, 32, 52.

——, are conquered by Ancus Marcius, and many removed to Rome, i. 32, 33. Their wars with Tarquinius Priscus, 35, 38. A treaty concluded with them, 50, 52. They suffer a severe overthrow at the lake Regillus, ii. 19, 20. Are admitted into alliance, 33. They assist the Romans against the Æquans and Volscians, iii. 7. Revolt, vi. 2. Obtain peace, vii. 12. Ravage Samnium, iv. 2. Require a consul, and half the senate of Rome, to be chosen out of Latium, 5. The Romans declare war, and entirely subdue them, 6—14.

Latinus, king, forms an alliance and affinity with Æneas, i. 1.

——, Sylvius, king of Alba, i. 8.

Latona, v. 13; xxiv. 12.

Lavinia married to Æneas, and Lavinium built, i. 1.

Laurentians, the treaty with them renewed annually, ten days after the Latin festival, iv. 11.

Lautia, entertainment furnished to ambassadors, xxviii. 39; xxx. 17.

Lautulæ, vii. 39; ix. 23.

Lauturniæ, xxvi. 27; xxxvii. 3; xxxix. 44.

Law, Divine and human, i. 18.

——, civil, published by Flavius, ix. 46.

Laws of the twelve tables, iii. 34, 57.

Lebadia, xlv. 27.

Lectisternium, or banquet of the gods, the first at Rome, and the ceremonies used, v. 13; vii. 2, 27; iv. 24; xxii. 1, 10, &c.; one at Cære, xxi. 62.

Legion, and its divisions, described, iv. 8. Linen legion of the Samnites, x. 38.

Lemnos, island, xxviii. 5.

Leonatus, commander of the chosen band of Perseus, xlii. 51.

Leonides, Lacedæmonian, commands the Grecian auxiliaries under Perseus, xlii. 51.

Leonorius and Lutarius, Gallic chieftains, seize Byzantium, xxxviii. 16.

Leontini, Hieronymus is slain there, xxiv. 7. The city is occupied by Hippocrates and Epicydes, 29. Taken by Marcellus, 30.

Leptis, xxx. 25. The dominion of it disputed by Masinissa and the Carthaginians, xxxiv. 62.

Letus, mount, where the Ligurians are defeated, xli. 18.

Leucas, promontory and island, xxvi. 26; xxxiii. 16. Taken by the Romans, 17. Is exempted from the government of the Acarnanians, xlv. 31.

Leucaspis phalanx, xliv. 41.

Levy of troops not made out of the whole people indiscriminately, iv. 46.

——, of volunteers, ix. 10.

——, of all kinds of men, x. 21.

——, of slaves, xxii. 57; xxiii. 14.

——, made with difficulty, xxiv. 5. See xxii. 37, 38; xxiv. 11; xxvi. 35; xxvii. 38.

Liber and Libera, their temple, iii. 55.

Liberty, temple of, xxiv. 16. Court in which the Tarentine hostages were kept, xxiv. 7; xxxiv. 44.

Libitina, xl. 19; xli. 21.

Libuan Gauls, xxi. 38.

Liburnians, a savage people. x. 2.

Libyphœnicians, xxi. 22, xxiv. 40.

Licinius Macer, who wrote a history of Rome. iv. 7, 20, 23; vii. 9; x. 9, &c. Licinius, C., plebeian tribune, ii. 33.

——, consular tribune, vi. 31. First plebeian master of horse, 39; x. 8.

——, Calvus Stolo, C., plebeian, married to the daughter of Fab. Ambustus, is made plebeian tribune, vi. 35. Being plebeian tribune a tenth time, he effects the passing of his laws against the patricians, vi. 42. Is consul, ix. 2. Again, 9. Is condemned on one of his own laws, 16.

——, C., ambassador to Carthage, xxi. 18.

——, Crassus, C., prætor, xlii. 9, 27. Consul, 28. Proconsul and commissioner to settle the affairs of Macedonia, xlv. 17.

——, L., prætor, xxvii. 8.

——, Pollio, L., xxvii. 27.

——, Lucullus, L., curule ædile, xxx. 39.

——, M., military tribune, slain, xxvii. 12.

——, Lucullus, M., prætor, xxxix. 6.

——, Strabo, M., military tribune, xli. 2.

——, Calvus, P., first plebeian consular tribune, v. 12. The same post being offered to him again, he requests it may be conferred on his son, 18.

——, ——, consular tribune, v. 18, 20.

——, Crassus, P., chief pontiff, xxiv. 5. Master of horse, xxvii. 5. Censor, 6. Prætor, 21. Consul, xxviii. 38. He and his army suffer by sickness, xxix. 10. He and the consul Sempronius defeat Hannibal, 36. His character, xxxi. 1.

——, Varus, P., curule ædile, xxvii. 6. Prætor, 21.

——, P., chief pontiff, disputes with Fabius, flamen of Quirinus, xxxvii. 51. His death, xxxix. 46.

——, Crassus, P., prætor, xli. 14. Consul, xlii. 28.

——, Tegula, P., poet, xxxi. 12.

Ligurians, v. 35. Ambassadors sent to them from Rome, xxii. 33. They prepare aid for Hasdrubal, xxvii. 39. Join Mago, xxviii. 46; xxix. 5. Ravage the country on the Po, xxxiv. 56. Invest Pisa, xxxv. 3. Are subdued by Minucius, xxxvii. 2. Both consuls are sent against them, xxxviii. 42. They surrender, and are removed from the mountains, xl. 38, 41. They prepare for war, xli. 11. Are defeated by C. Claudius, 12. They seize Mutina, xli. 14. Are defeated, 18. Again, xlii. 7. They and their effects are sold, 8.

Ligustinus, Sp., receives public thanks for encouraging the levies, xlii. 34.

Lilybæum, promontory, xxiv. 31; xxvii. 5. Sea-fight near it, xxi. 50.

Linen books, iv. 7.

Lingonians, v. 35.

Linternum, xxii. 16; xxiii. 35.

Liparensian pirates, v. 28.

Liparæ islands, xxi. 49.

Liris river, x. 21; xxvi. 9, 34.

Litana, wood, where the Gauls destroy a Roman army, xxiii. 24.

Livius, poet, first who wrote comedy on a regular plot, vii. 2.

——, C., pontiff, xxvi. 23. Curule ædile, xxix. 38. Prætor, xxx. 26. Consul, xxxviii. 35; xliii. 11.

——, L., prætor, xlv. 44.

——, Denter, M., consul, x. 1. One of the first plebeian pontiffs, 9. Dictates to Decius the form of devoting himself, 28.

——, M., ambassador to Carthage, xxi. 18. Eight years after a severe sentence had been passed on him, he is brought back to Rome, and, against his will, made consul a second time, xxvii. 34. He vanquishes Hasdrubal, 46, 49. Triumphs, xxviii. 9. Is made dictator, 10. Censor; he acquires the surname Salinator, and maintains a shameful dispute with his colleague, xxix. 37.

——, ——, defends Tarentum, xxiv. 20. Is obliged to retire into the citadel, xxiv. 10, 11; xxvi. 39. A dispute about him in the senate, xxvii. 25.

——, Macatus, M., xxvii. 34.

——, T., wrote in the reign of Augustus, xxviii. 12. See iv. 20.

Locri, revolts to the Carthaginians, xxii. 60; xxiii. 30. Is besieged by Crispinus, xxvii. 25. Retaken by Scipio, xxix. 6, 7. Is put under the command of Pleminius, 8. His conduct there, 8-21. Its laws and liberty are restored by the senate, 21.

Locris, in Greece, xxvi. 26; xxviii. 6; xxxii. 18, 32.

Locusts waste Campania, xxx. 11.

Longula, ii. 33. ix. 39.

Loryma, port, xxxvii. 17; xlv. 10.

Lua, mother, iv. 1.

Luca, xxi. 59; xli. 13.

Lucanians, support the Samnites against Alexander of Epirus, iv. 17. Make an alliance with the Romans, 25. Revolt, 27. Are suppressed, x. 11, 18. Several of their towns are taken by the Romans, xxiv. 1. They submit, xxvii. 15.

Luceres, tribe, i. 13; x. 6.

——, century of knights, i. 13, 36.

Luceria, ix. 2. Roman hostages kept there, 12. Is taken by the Romans, 15. Lost, and recovered, and settled as a colony, 26. Is attacked by the Samnites, x. 35.

Lucretia, wife of Collatinus, i. 57. Violated by Sex. Tarquinius, she kills herself, 58.

Lucretius, C., commander of a fleet, xl. 26. Is accused by the people of Chalcis, xliii. 7; and condemned, 8.

Lucretius Gallus, C, prætor, xlii. 28.

——, Tricipitinus, Hostus, consul, iv. 30.

——, Flavus, L., consul, defeats the Æquans, v. 29. Consular tribune, he defeats the Volsinians, 32.

——, Tricipitinus, L., consul, vanquishes the Volscians, and triumphs, iii. 8, 10.

——, —— ——, consular tribune, iv. 4. A second time, 21. A third, 22.

——, L., quæstor, betrayed to Hannibal, xxi. 59.

——, M., plebeian tribune, xxvii. 5.

——, P., consul, ii. 15.

——, Tricipitinus, P., consular tribune, iv. 44. Again, 47.

——, P., governor of Rome, iii. 24.

——, Sp., father of Lucretia, i. 58. Dies in the consulship, ii. 8.

——, ——, prætor, xxviii. 38. Is continued in command, xxix. 13. Again, xxx. 1.

——, T., consul, ii. 8. Again, 16.

Lucumo, son of Demaratus, removes to Rome, where he is called Tarquinius, i. 34.

——, debauches the wife of Aruns of Clusium, v. 33.

Luna, city, xli. 19; xliii. 9; xlv. 13.

——, harbour, xxxiv. 8; xxxix. 21.

Lupercal, i. 5.

Lusitania, xxi. 43; xxvii. 20. Is subdued by Æmilius Paullus, xxxvii. 57.

Lustrum. See Survey.

Lutarius, Gallic chieftain, xxxviii. 16.

Lutatius, Cn., made prisoner by the Boians, xxi. 25. Is restored to liberty sixteen years after, xxx. 19.

——, Cerco, Cn., ambassador to Ptolemy, xlii. 6.

——, Q., consul, xxx. 44.

Lycaonia, xxxviii. 38; xxxix. 54.

Lycæum, at Athens, burned by Philip, xxxi. 24.

Lycean Pan, i. 5.

Lycia, xxxiii. 41; xxxvii. 16, 23. The Lycians complain of the Rhodians, xli. 6.

Lycortas, of Megalopolis, general of horse, father of Polybius the historian, xxxv. 29. Ambassador of the Achæans to Rome, xxxviii. 32. Prætor, xxxix. 35.

Lycurgus, tyrant of Lacedæmon, xxxiv. 26.

——, lawgiver, his laws and institutions abolished, xxxviii. 34; xxxix. 33, 36.

Lycus, in Dassaretia, xxxi. 33; xxxii. 9.

Lydia, xxxviii. 39.

Lyncus, xxvi. 25.

Lysimachia, having been sacked and burned by the Thracians, is rebuilt by Antiochus, xxxiii. 38, 40, 41; xxxiv. 58.

Lysimachus, king, xxxiv. 58.

——, Macedonian courtier, xl. 8.

Lysinoe, city, xxxviii. 15.

Macedonia, i. 1; ix. 18. An obscure state before the reign of Philip, son of Amyntas, subsisted from its highest summit of grandeur under Alexander to Perseus, the last king, 150 years, xlv. 9, 30. See Philip, Perseus.

Macedonian army compared with the Roman, ix. 19. Solemnity of its purification, xl. 6.

——, phalanx, ix. 19.

——, territory, divided into four districts, xlv. 29.

Machanidas, tyrant of Sparta, makes war on the Achæans, xxvii. 30; xxviii. 5, 7.

Macri, or long, plains so called, xli. 18; xlv. 12.

Macris, island, xxxvii. 13, 28, 29.

Maduatenians, xxxviii. 40.

Mæander, river, xxxvii. 55; xxxvii. 13, 15.

Mæcian tribe added, iv. 17.

Mæcilius, Sp., a turbulent plebeian tribune, iv. 48.

Mædica, xxvi. 25; xl. 21, 22.

Mælius, P., consular tribune, v. 12. Again, 18.

——, Q., plebeian tribune, ix. 8.

——, Sp., aspires to absolute power, iv. 13. Is summoned to attend the dictator Cincinnatus, and slain by Servilius Ahala, 14. His house is demolished, 16.

Mænalus, mount, xxxiv. 28.

Mænius, C., consul, triumphs over the Aricians and Lavinians, iv. 13. Dictator; he abdicates, is accused, and acquitted, ix. 26, 34.

——, L., plebeian tribune, regulates the interest of money, vii. 16.

——, M., proposes an Agrarian law, and obstructs the levies, iv. 53.

——, ——, plebeian tribune, in the commotions excited by Manlius, submits to the direction of the senate, vi. 19; and prosecutes Manlius, 20.

——, ——, military tribune, falls in a battle with Mago, xxx. 18.

——, P., consular tribune, v. 12.

——, T. prætor, xxxix. 6, 8.

Mæsian wood, i. 33.

Magaba, mount, xxxviii. 19.

Magalus, Boian chief, xxi. 29.

Magistrates, curule, iv. 7. Their election prevented during five years by the plebeian tribunes, vi. 35. Auspices are not observed at the election of plebeian magistrates, vi. 41.

Magius, Cn., medixtuticus, or chief magistrate of Campania, xxiv. 19.

——, Decius, Capuan, maintains his fidelity to the Romans, and takes refuge in Egypt, xxiii. 7, 10.

Magnesia, on the Meander, xxxvii. 45.

——, near Sipylus, xxxvi. 43; xxxvii. 11, 37, 44.

Magnesians, and Magnetarch, xxxiii. 34; xxxv. 31.

Mago, brother of Hannibal, xxi. 47, 54; xxii. 46. Carries to Carthage an account of Hannibal’s successes, xxiii. 12, 13. Is sent into Spain, and defeated at Illiturgi, 32, 49. He levies troops, xxiv. 42. In conjunction with Hasdrubal, Gisgo defeats P. Scipio, xxiv. 32, 34. His camp is taken by Marcius, 39. He joins his brother, Hasdrubal, xxvii. 20. Is obliged to fly, xxviii. 2. Sails to Italy, and takes Genoa, 37, 46. Is defeated by the Romans, xxx. 18. Dies, 19.

——, Carthaginian ambassador to Philip, xxiii. 34.

——, Barcine made prisoner in Sardinia, xxiii. 41.

——, governor of New Carthage, surrenders to Scipio, xxvi. 44, 46.

Maharbal, son of Himilco, xxi. 12, 45. Pursues the Romans flying from Trasimenus, xxii. 6. Advises Hannibal, after the battle of Cannæ, to march directly to Rome, 51; xxiii. 18.

Malea, promontory, xxxi. 44, 47; xxxii. 16; xlii. 56.

Maleventum, ix. 27; x. 15.

Malian bay, xxvii. 30; xxxi. 46.

Mallæa, xxxi. 41.

Mamertines, xxviii. 28; xxx. 31.

Mamilius Vitulus, C., first plebeian chief curio, xxvii. 8. Ambassador to Philip, xxx. 26. Prætor, xxxv. 38.

——, L., dictator, of Tusculum, assists the Romans, iii. 18, 29.

——, Oct., of Tusculum, descended from Ulysses and Circe, marries the daughter of Tarquinius the proud, i. 49. Entertains him in his exile, ii. 15. Raises thirty states against the Romans, 18. Is wounded at Regillus, 19.

——, Q., plebeian ædile, xxvii. 36.

——, Thurinus, Q., prætor, xxviii. 10.

Mandonius, xxii. 22. Brother of Indibilis, chief of the Ilergetians, xxvi. 49. He joins the Romans, and his wife and children are restored to him, xxvii. 17. He goes over to the enemy, xxviii. 24. Is defeated, 33; and pardoned by Scipio, 34. Rebels, is taken and put to death, xxix. 3.

Manduria taken by Fabius, xxvii. 15.

Manes, the rites proper for appeasing them are directed by the chief pontiff, i. 20. Decius devotes himself to the gods, manes, and the earth, iv. 9.

Manicius, prætor of Præneste, xxiii. 19.

Manilius, Sex., a leader in the secession of the soldiers, iii. 5.

Manipulus, a company of soldiers, i. 52. vii. 24; iv. 8.

Manlian orders, iv. 29; iv. 7.

Manlius, Aul., consul, is accused, ii. 54. His accuser is murdered, and he is made decemvir, iii. 33.

——, ——, consular tribune, iv. 61. A second time, v. 8. A third, 16. Sent with a golden bason to Delphi, is taken by Liparæan pirates, and set at liberty, 28.

——, Capitolinus, A., consular tribune, vi. 1. Again, 11. A third time, 21. A fourth, 36.

——, A., military tribune, killed, xxvii. 27.

——, ——, consul when the first Punic war was terminated, xxx. 44.

——, Vulso, A., consul, xl. 59.

——, C., consular tribune, vi. 30.

——, Cn., consul, ii. 43.

——, ——, consul, defeats the Tiburtians, vii. 12. Again consul, 16. Interrex, 17. Censor, 22. Master of horse, 28.

——, Vulso, C., prætor, xxxiii. 42. Consul, xxxvii. 47. Commands in Gallogræcia, xxxviii. 12. And after surmounting many difficulties, entirely subdues the Gauls, 27. Is accused by his own lieutenant-generals, xxxviii. 45. A triumph is decreed to him, 50; xxxix. 6.

——, Imperiosus, L., dictator, vii. 3. His severity to his son, and the dutiful conduct of the latter, 4, 5.

——, Capitolinus, L., consular tribune, iv. 42.

——, Torquatus, L., lieutenant-general, slain by the Gauls, x. 26.

——, L., prætor, is defeated by the Boian Gauls, xxi. 17, 25.

——, Acidinus, L. prætor, xxvi. 23. Commands an army at Narnia, xxvii. 43, 50. Succeeds Scipio in the province of Spain, xxviii. 38. His conduct there, xxix. 2, 3, 13. He is disappointed of an ovation by M. Porcius Læca, xxxii. 7.

——, L., having assaulted Carthaginian ambassadors, is delivered up to them by the feciales, and sent to Carthage, xxxviii. 42.

——, ——, prætor, xxxviii. 35. Is refused a triumph, and allowed an ovation, xxxix. 29. Consul, xl. 43.

——, M., consular tribune, iv. 44.

——, Capitolinus, M., consul, v. 31. He saves the Capitol, 47. Is made interrex, vi. 5. His ambition and seditious behaviour, 11—18. He is brought to trial, condemned, and thrown from the Tarpeian rock, 20.

——, P., consular tribune, vi. 30. Dictator, 38.

——, Vulso, P., prætor, xxvi. 23; xxvii. 6.

——, T., son of L., an example of filial duty, vii. 5. He kills a Gaul in single combat, and is named Torquatus, 10. Is made dictator, 19. A second time, 26. Consul, 27. Again, 28. A third time, iv. 3. Puts his son to death, 7.

Manlius Torquatus, T., consul, dies, in consequence of a fall from his horse, x. 11.

——, votes against ransoming the prisoners taken at Cannæ, xxii. 60. Is sent governor of Sardinia, and subdues the island, xxiii. 34, 40, 41. Is a candidate for the post of chief pontiff, xxiv. 5. Refuses the consulship, xxvi. 22. Is made dictator, xxvii. 33.

Manly gown, xxvi. 19.

Mannus, a slave, discovers a plot of the Calavii to burn Rome, xxvi. 27.

Mantua, xxiv. 10.

Marcian shield, xxiv. 39.

Marcius, C., signalizes himself in the taking of Corioli, and is surnamed Coriolanus, ii. 33. Warmly opposes the plebeian tribunes, 34. Goes into exile, 35. Is made general of the Volscians, 39. Is prevailed on by his mother to retire from Rome, and dies, 40.

——, ——, plebeian tribune, prosecutes Q. Fabius for taking part in a fight against the Gauls, vi. 1.

——, Rutilus, C., consul, triumphs over the Privernians, vii. 16. First plebeian dictator, he triumphs without leave of the senate, 27. Consul a second time, 21. First plebeian censor, 22. A third time consul, 28. A fourth, 38.

——, C., augur, x. 9.

——, Rutilus, C., consul, ix. 33. Takes Allifæ, 38. Is pontiff, x. 9. Censor, 47.

——, L., chosen general by the soldiers on the death of the two Scipios in Spain, xxiv. 37. He takes the two camps of the enemy, 39. He gives offence to the senate, xxvi. 2. Takes Astapa, xxviii. 22.

——, M., xxvii. 6.

——, Ralla, M., prætor, xxix. II; xxx. 38.

——, Sermo, M., and Q. Marcius Scylla, xlii. 21.

——, Numa, pontiff, i. 20.

——, Philippus, Q,. prætor, xxxviii. 35. Consul, xxxix. 6. Commissioner of religious affairs, xl. 42. His conference with Perseus, and insidious conduct, xlii. 40, 43. Again consul, xliii. 11. Goes into Macedonia, xliv. 1, 16.

——, Ralla, Q., xxxv. 41.

——, Rex, Q., plebeian tribune, xxxiii. 25.

——, a soothsayer, xxiv. 12.

Marica’s grove, xxvii. 37.

Marius Blosius, prætor, at Capua, favours Hannibal, xxiii. 7.

Marius Statilius detects a stratagem of Hannibal, xxii. 42.

Maronea, in Samnium, xxvii. 1.

——, in Greece, xxxi. 16; xxxvii. 60.

Mars Gradivus, i. 20; ii. 45.

Mars’s field dedicated, i. 44; ii. 5.

Marsians, iv. 6. Revolt, ix. 41. Are conquered and fined, x. 3; xxii. 9. They furnish seamen, xxviii. 45.

Marsyas river, xxxviii. 13.

Marucinians, iv. 29; ix. 45; xxii. 9.

Masæsylians, subjects of Syphax, xxiv. 48; xxviii. 17; xxix. 32; xxx. 11.

Masgaba, son of Masinissa, comes to Rome, xlv. 13, 14.

Masinissa, king of the Masylian Numidians, overthrows Syphax, xxiv. 48, 49. In alliance with the Carthaginians, he gives much trouble to P. Scipio, xxiv. 34. Confers, and forms a treaty with him, xxviii. 16, 35. Complains of Scipio’s delay, xxix. 4. His various turns of fortune, and expulsion from his kingdom, 29—32. He joins Scipio, 33. Burns the camp of Syphax, xxx. 5. Recovers his kingdom, 11. Marries Sophonisba, and being reproved by Scipio, sends her poison, 12, 14, 15. Receives a large addition to his dominions, 44. Presents sent to him from Rome, xxxi. 11. He sends a supply to the Romans, 19. Another, very large, xxxvi. 4. A dispute between him and the Carthaginians is pleaded at Rome, xlii. 23, 24.

Massilians, a colony from Phocæa, v. 34. Inform the Romans of Hannibal’s passing the Iberus, xxi. 25. Act as guides to Scipio, 26.

Massiva, nephew of Masinissa, is taken prisoner, and sent back to his uncle by Scipio, xxvii. 19; xxviii. 35.

Master of horse, the first, Sp. Cassius, ii. 18. The first plebeian, C. Licinius, vi. 39. Master of horse raised to an equality of power with the dictator, xxii. 25. A dictator without a master of horse, xxiii. 22, 23.

Matienus, M., prætor, xli. 28. Goes into exile, xliii. 2.

——, P., military tribune, abused by Pleminius, xxix. 6, 8.

Matrons mourn a year for Brutus, ii. 7. and for Publicola, 16. Bring all their gold and ornaments to the treasury, v. 25. Make a contribution towards satisfying the Gauls, 50. Are repaid, vi. 4. A dispute between the patricians and plebeians, x. 23. They dedicate a brazen statue to Juno on the Aventine, xxi. 62. Also, a golden bason, xxvii. 37. Receive the mother of the gods, xxix. 14.

Matuta, Mother, v. 21; xxiv. 7; xxix. 37; xli. 28.

Mavors, Mars, xxii. 1.

Mauri, or Moors, auxiliaries to Hasdrubal in Spain, xxi. 22; xxviii. 17. Escort Masinissa, xxix. 30.

Maurusians, xxiv. 49. Mecilius, L., plebeian tribune, ii. 58.

Mædians, Thracian, xxviii. 5.

Medians, Asiatic, xxxv. 48.

Mediolanum founded by the Gauls, v. 34. Defeat of the Gauls there, xxxiv. 46.

Medixtuticus, title of the chief magistrate of Campania, xxiv. 19; xxvi. 6.

Medullia, i. 33, 38.

Megalesian games, xxix. 14.

Megalopolis, xxxii. 5; xxxvi. 31.

Megalopolitans, xxviii. 8; xxxii. 22.

Megara, in Sicily, xxiv. 30, 35.

——, in Greece, xxviii. 7; xxxi. 22.

Megiste, port, xxxvii. 22, 24, 44.

Mele, or Meles, xxiv. 20; xxvii. 1.

Melessum, xxviii. 3.

Melibœa, xxxvi. 13. Besieged by the Romans, xliv. 13. Taken, 46.

Melita, island, xxi. 51.

Memmius, C., prætor, xlii. 10.

Memnon, xxxii. 22.

Memphis, xlv. 12.

Menenius, Agrippa, consul, ii. 16. He brings home the commons from the sacred mount, 32. Dies, 33.

——, ——, commissioner of a colony, iv. 11.

——, Lanatus, Agrippa, consul, iv. 13. Consular tribune, 45. Again, 47.

——, C., consul, iii. 32.

——, Lanatus, L., consul, iv. 12.

——, L., consular tribune, vi. 5. Again, *2.

——, T., consul, ii. 51, 52.

Meninx, island, xxii. 31.

Menippus, Macedonian general, xxvii. 32; xxviii. 5.

——, envoy of Antiochus to the Ætolians, xxxv. 32; xxxvi. 10.

Mens, Mind, a temple dedicated to her, xxii. 10; xxiii. 31.

Mensarii triumviri, commissioners of the public accounts appointed for the liquidation of debts, vii. 21; xxiii. 21.

Mercenary troops, first employed by the Romans, xxiv. 49.

Merchants, a college of them, ii. 27.

Mercury, ii. 21. v. 13.

Mercury’s hill, xxvi. 44. Promontory, xxix. 27.

Mericus, a Spaniard, betrays the island, a part of Syracuse, to the Romans, xxiv. 30. Is rewarded with the freedom of Rome and a golden crown, xxvi. 21.

Messana, in Sicily, xxi. 49; xxiv. 1; xxix. 7, 9.

Messapians, iv. 24.

Messene, in Peloponnesus, xxix. 12. Is besieged by the Achæans, and united to them, xxxvi. 31.

Metapontus, i. 18; iv. 24; xxiv. 11; xxvii. 1.

Metapontines, after the battle of Cannæ, revolt to Hannibal, xxii. 61; xxiv. 15; xxvii. 16.

Metapontine lands, xxiv. 20.

Metaurus river, xxvii. 47.

Metellus, Q., curule ædile, xxvii. 36. Argues in favour of P. Scipio, xxix. 20.

Metilius, M., plebeian tribune, inveighs against Fabius, xxii. 15. Proposes to give the master of horse equal authority with the dictator, 25.

Metilius, Sp. plebeian tribune, iv. 48.

——, Croto, T., lieutenant-general, xxiii. 31.

Metropolis surrenders to the Romans, xxxii. 15; xxxvi. 10.

Mettius Curtius, i. 12, 13.

——, Fuffetius, dictator of Alba, i. 23. His treachery, 27. Punishment, 28.

——, Vectius, Volscian, distinguishes himself highly in battle, iv. 28.

Mevania, ix. 41.

Mezentius, king of Etruria, i. 2.

Mezetulus, Numidian, disputes the throne with Capusa, xxix. 29. Is obliged to fly, 30.

Mictio, general at Chalcis, xxxv. 38.

Milesians, xxxviii. 39.

Miletus, xxxviii. 13.

Milionia, x. 3, 34.

Milo, favourite of Perseus, xliv. 32. Forsakes him, 45.

Milvian, or Mulvian bridge, xxvii. 51.

Mincius, river, xxiv. 10; xxxii. 30.

Minerva discovered the use of numbers, vii. 3.

——, Alcis, xlii. 51.

——, Itonia, xxxvi. 20.

Minerva’s promontory, xl. 18; xlii. 20.

Mines in a siege, v. 19, 21; xxiii. 18.

Minii Celeres entertain Hannibal in Capua, xxiii. 8.

Minio, prime minister of Antiochus, xxxv. 15, 16; xxxvii. 40.

Minoa Heraclea, xxiv. 35.

Minors, their money lent to the public, xxiv. 18.

Minturnæ, iv. 11; ix. 25. A colony settle there, x. 21; xxvii. 38.

Minucia, a vestal, buried alive, iv. 15.

Minucius, L., consular tribune, his bad conduct, iii. 25, 26. He is relieved by the dictator Cincinnatus, and ordered to abdicate, 29.

——, ——, decemvir, iii. 35.

——, ——, director of the market, discovers to the senate the designs of Mælius, iv. 13. Is rewarded, 16.

——, Myrtilus, L., having ill-treated ambassadors of Carthage, is sent thither in custody, xxxviii. 42.

——, L., prætor, xxxi. 4.

——, M., consul, ii. 21. Again, 34.

——, ——, plebeian tribune, v. 11.

——, Fessus, M., plebeian augur, x. 9.

——, Rufus, M., master of horse to Fabius, xxii. 8. Censures his caution, 14. Is invested with equal authority, 26. Engages Hannibal, and is saved by Fabius from a total defeat, 28, 29. Acknowledges his misconduct, 30. Is killed at Cannæ, 49.

Minucius, M., plebeian tribune, xxiii. 21.

——, P., military tribune, xxxv. 5.

——, Q., consul, iii. 30.

——, mdash;—-, lieutenant-general, xxvi. 33.

——, Thermus, Q., prætor, xxxiii. 24.

——, Rufus, Q., prætor, xxxi. 4. Consul, xxxii. 27.

——, Thermus, Q., curule ædile, xxxii. 27. Prætor, xxxiii. 26. Consul, xxxiv. 54; xxxv. 20. Defeats the Ligurians, 21. Is refused a triumph, xxxvii. 46. Dies, xxxviii. 41.

——, T., consul, defeats the Samnites, ix. 44.

——, Rufus, T., xlii. 54.

——, Molliculus, T., prætor, xl. 35.

Misagenes, son of Masinissa, xlii. 29. Brings aid to the Romans against Perseus, 62.

Misenum, promontory, xxiv. 13.

Mithridates, son of Antiochus, xxxiii. 19.

Mitylene, xxxvii. 21.

Molossis, iv. 24.

Moneta, Juno, vi. 20.

Money, lent out of the treasury, secured by mortgages and bonds, xxii. 60.

——, of widows and minors lent to the public, xxiv. 18.

Mopsian faction, at Compsa, xxiii. 1.

Mother, Idæan, xxix. 10. Her priests come out of Pessinus to meet the consul Manlius, xxxviii. 18.

Mucian meadows, ii. 1.3.

Mucius, C, mistakes Porsenna’s secretary for the king, and kills him, burns his right-hand, and is thence called Scævola, ii. 12, 13.

——, P., prætor, xl. 44.

——, Scævola, Q., prætor, xxiii. 24.

Mummius, C, prætor, xli. 8.

——, L. and Q., oppose the proposal of Petillius respecting Scipio Africanus, xxxviii. 54.

Munatius, C, prætor, xlii. 4.

Munda, xxiv. 42. Taken by Gracchus, xl. 47.

Murcia, goddess, i. 33.

Murgantia, in Samnium, taken, x. 17.

——, in Sicily, xxiv. 17, 36; xxvi. 21.

Mutina, xxi. 25; xxvii. 21; xxxv. 4, 6.

Mutines, having learned the art of war under Hannibal, is very troublesome to the Romans in Sicily, xxiv. 40; xxvi. 21. Is ill-treated by Hanno, 40. Surrenders Agrigentum to the Romans, xxvii. 5.

Mutiny of Roman soldiers, iv. 50; xxviii. 24, &c.

Mycenica, near Argos, xxxii. 39.

Myla, river, xxiv. 30, 31.

Myndus, xxxvii. 16.

Mysia, xxxviii. 39.

Nabis, tyrant of Lacedæmon, xxix. 12. Forms an alliance with Philip, xxxii. 38. Sends aid to the Romans, 40. War is declared against him by the other states of Greece, xxxiv. 24. He refuses the terms of peace offered by the Romans, 36. Being besieged in Lacedæmon, he is forced to comply with them, 40. The Achæans declare war against him, xxxv. 25. He is defeated, 30. Put to death, 35.

Nadagara, a conference there between Scipio and Hannibal, xxx. 29.

Nævian gate, ii. 11.

Nævius Crista, Q., prefect of allies, drives Philip out of his camp at Apollonia, xxiv. 40.

——, Balbus, L., prætor, xlv. 13.

——, M., said by some to be the accuser of P. Scipio, xxxviii. 56.

——, Q., commissioner of a colony, xxxiv. 53; xxxv. 40.

——, Matho, Q., prætor, xxxix. 32.

Nail driven by a dictator, vii. 3; ix. 28. iv. 18.

Narnia, colony, x. 9, 10. Refuses supplies, xxvii. 9; xxix. 15.

Narnian tribe, vi. 5; xxix. 37.

Nasos, or Island, part of Syracuse, xxiv. 24. Taken by the Romans, 30.

Navius, Accius, i. 36.

——, Q., advises to mix footmen with the cavalry, xxvi. 4. His brave conduct, 5.

Naupactum, xxvi. 26; xxvii. 30; *xxxvl. 30.

Naustathmus, port at Phocæa, xxxvii. 31.

Nautius, C., consul, ii. 52. Again, iii. 25. He routs the Sabines, xxvi. 29.

——, Rutilus, C., consul, iv. 52.

——, Sp., consul, ii. 39.

——, Rutilus, Sp., consular tribune, iv. 35. Again, 45.

——, —— ——, commands the cohorts of the allies, x. 41. Is honoured for his bravery, 44.

Neapolis, iv. 22. Its ambassadors offer gold to the Romans, who accept the smallest bason, xxii. 32. Its lands are ravaged by Hannibal, xxiv. 13.

Nemean games, the direction of them given to Philip, xxvii. 30, 31; to T. Quintius, xxxiv. 41.

Nepete, is taken by the Etrurians, and recovered by the Romans, vi. 9, 10. A colony is settled there, 21. It refuses supplies, xxvii. 9. Is punished, xxix. 15.

Neptune, equestrian, i. 9. A lectisternium to obtain his favour, v. 13; xxii. 10.

Neptunian lake, xxxix. 44.

Nerulum, stormed by the Romans, ix. 20.

Nessus, river, xlv. 29.

Nicæa, city, on the Malean bay, xxviii. 5; xxxv. 26.

Nicander, a leader of pirates, xxxvii. 11.

——, Ætolian prætor, xxxviii. 4, 5.

Nicias, Achæan prætor, xxviii. 8.

——, Macedonian, put to death by Perseus, xliv. 10.

Nico forms a conspiracy, and betrays Tarentum to Hannibal, xxiv. 8, 9. Kills D. Quintius, xxvi. 39. Is killed in the capture of Tarentum, xxvii. 16.

Nicodamus, Ætolian general, xl. 5.

Nile river, xliv. 19.

Nola, taken by the Romans, ix. 28. Is besieged by Hannibal, xxiii. 14, 16. Again, 43, 46. The plebeian party invite Hannibal, xxiv. 13.

Nomentan road, iii. 52.

Nomentum, taken by Tarquinius Priscus, i. 38; iv. 22.

Norba, Roman colony, ii. 34. Is attacked by the Privernians, vii. 42. Maintains constant friendship with the Romans, xxvii. 10.

Nortia, Etrurian goddess, vii. 3.

Novendiale sacrum, or nine days’ festival, i. 31; xxi. 62; xxiv. 7; xxvi. 23, &c.

Novensiles, deities, iv. 9.

Nuceria, ix. 38. Is taken by Hannibal, xxiii. 15, 16. The inhabitants are removed to Atella, xxvii. 30.

Numa Pompilius, is chosen king, i. 18. His various religious institutions, 21. His commentaries, 32. His books of philosophy discovered, xl. 29.

Numerius Decimius, Samnite, xxii. 24.

Numicius, river, i. 2.

——, L., Latin prætor, summoned to Rome, iv. 3.

——, Priscus, T., consul, defeats the Volscians, ii. 63.

Numidians, xxi. 22; xxiv. 48; xxix. 23, 31, 34; xxx. 12; xxxv. 11. See Syphax, Masinissa, Gala.

Numisius, Latin general, iv. 11.

Numitor, king of Alba, i. 3, 5.

Numitorius, L., chosen tribune in an assembly of the tribes, ii. 58.

Nursians promise soldiers to Scipio, xxviii. 45.

Nymphius betrays Palæpolis to the Romans, iv. 25, 26.

Ocriculum, ix. 41; xxii. 11.

Octavius Metius, x. 41.

——, Cn., prætor, xxviii. 38. He captures eighty Carthaginian ships, 46. Is sent ambassador to Africa, xxxi. 11. Made commissioner of a colony, xxxiv. 45. Prætor, xliv. 17. He triumphs over Macedonia, xlv. 42.

Octolophus, in Dassaretia, xxxi. 36.

Odrysians, xxxix. 53; xliv. 42.

Oeneum, xliii. 19.

Oenus river, xxxiv. 28.

Oesalces succeeds his brother Gala in the kingdom of Numidia, xxix. 29-31.

Oeta, mount, the highest part called Callidromos, xxxvi. 15, 22, 30; xxxvii. 5; xli. 22.

Ofilius Calavius, a Campanian, his opinion of the silence of the Romans going home from Caudium, ix. 6.

Ogulnius, Aul., military tribune, xxxiii. 36.

——, Cn. and Q., plebeian tribunes, propose a law to open the priesthood to plebeians, x. 6. Are curule ædiles, 23.

——, M., is sent into Etruria to purchase corn, xxvii. 3.

Olba, in Sardinia, ravaged by Hamilcar, xxvii. 6.

Olcades, islands, conquered by Hannibal, xxi. 5.

Olympia, xxvi. 24; xlv. 28.

Olympian games, xxvii. 35; xxviii. 7.

——, Jupiter, xxiv. 21.

Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, iv. 24.

——, city, formerly Connocondylum, xxxix. 25.

Olympium, temple, near Syracuse, xxiv. 33.

Olympus, mount, xxxviii. 18-20, 23.

Olzinium, xlv. 26.

Onesimus, a Macedonian, is received kindly by the Roman senate, admitted an ally, and presented with a house and land, xliv. 16.

Onomastus, by order of Philip, massacres the Maronites, xxxix. 34; xl. 8.

Opimia, a vestal, buried alive, xxii. 57.

Opimius Pansa, L., quæstor, x. 32.

Opiternius, L., a Faliscian, a leader of the Bacchanals, xxxix. 17.

Oppia, a vestal, condemned for a breach of chastity, ii. 42.

Oppia and Cluvia, Campanian women, their liberty and goods are restored by the Romans, xxvi. 33, 34.

Oppius, C., plebeian tribune, iii. 54.

——, ——, præfect of allies, is surprised by the Gauls, and slain, xxxi. 2.

——, ——, proposer of the law forbidding women the use of golden ornaments, and a debate about that law, xxxi. 1, 2, &c.

——, L., plebeian tribune, xxxii. 28.

——, Salinator, L., commander of a fleet protecting Sicily, xxxv. 23; prætor, 24.

——, M., leader of the seceding soldiers, iii. 51.

——, Cornicen, Sp., decemvir, iii. 35. Is left in Rome with Ap. Claudius, 41. Endeavours to assist him, 49. Assembles the senate, 50. Accused, and ordered into prison, he lays violent hands on himself, 58.

Ops, her temple struck by lightning, xxxix. 22.

Opus, is sacked by Attalus, xxviii. 7. Dissensions there, xxxii. 32. Its port Cynus, xxviii. 6.

Oracle of Delphi, i. 56; v. 15; xxix. 10,11.

——, of Jupiter, at Dodona, iv. 24.

Orbitanium, xxiv. 20.

Orestis, xxvii. 33.

Oretans, xxi. 11.

Oreum, xxviii. 5, 7, 78. Taken by the Romans, xxviii. 6. Again, by them and Attalus, xxxi. 46; xxxiii. 31, 34.

Oricum is taken by Philip, and retaken by the Romans, xxiv. 40; xxvi. 25; xxxiv. 51, 52; xlv. 33.

Oringis, or Aurinx, xxviii. 3.

Oroanda, xxxviii. 18, 37, 39.

Oroandes, a Cretan, robs Perseus of his treasure, xlv. 6.

Oropus, xlv. 27.

Orsua and Corbis determine, in single combat, their dispute about the throne, xxviii. 21.

Orthobula, wife of Proxenus, is condemned for poisoning her husband, xli. 25.

Ortiagon, a Gallic chief, xxxviii. 19. His wife’s ill-treatment and revenge, 24.

Ortona, ii. 43.

Oscan silver, from Osca, now Huesca in Spain, xxxiv. 10.

Oscians, inventors of the Atellan farce, vii. 2.

Ossa, mount, xlii. 54.

Ostia, built at the mouth of the Tiber, by Ancus Marcius, i. 33; xxii. 11, 27; xxiii. 38; xxiv. 20; xxvii. 22; xxix. 14.

Otacilius, T., prætor, xxii. 10. Is sent as proprætor with a fleet to Sicily, xxiii. 32. Is disappointed in a near prospect of the consulship, by Q. Fabius, xxiv. 7, 9; xxiv. 31; xxvi. 1, 22, 23.

Ovation, iii. 10, &c.

Ovile, enclosure in the field of Mars, where the centuries gave their votes, xxvi. 22.

Ovius Paccius, Samnite priest, directs the ceremonies in devoting the soldiers, x. 8.

Pachynum, promontory, xxiv. 27, 35; xxiv. 27.

Pactius and Vibius, brothers, men of eminence in Bruttium, apply to Q. Fabius, xxvii. 15.

Padus, now Po, river, v. 33, 35; xxi. 43, 47, 52.

Pæonia, xxxiii. 19; xxxviii. 17; xxxix. 54. Afterwards called Emathia, xl. 3.

Pæstum, iv. 17; xxii. 36; xxvi. 39; xxvii. 10.

Palæpharsalus, xliv. 1.

Palæpolis, iv. 22. Surrendered to the Romans, xxiv. 26.

Palatine hill, i. 5, 7, 33; ii. 10. xxix. 37.

Palinurus, promontory, xxxvii. 11.

Pallene, xxxi. 45; xxxviii. 28; xliv. 11; xlv. 30.

Palm branches first given in token of victory at the Roman games, x. 47.

Palumbinum taken by the Romans, x. 45.

Pamphylia, xxxvii. 23, 40; xliv. 14; xlv. 22.

Pan, Lycæan, called by the Romans Inuus, i. 5.

Panætolium, general assembly of the Ætolians, xxxi. 29, 32; xxx. 32

Pandosia, iv. 24. Is surrendered to the Romans, xxix. 38.

Panormus, in Sicily, xxiv. 36; xxix. 1.

——, in Samos, xxxvii. 11.

Pantaleon, Ætolian chief, protects Eumenes at Delphi, xlii. 15.

Pantauchus, ambassador, and intimate friend of Philip, xlii. 39; xliv. 23. Surrenders Berœa to the Romans, 45.

Paphlagonia, i. 1.

Papirian tribe, iv. 37.

——, cruelty, x. 3.

Papirius Crassus, C., consular tribune, vi. 18.

——, Maso, C., xxi. 25. Dies pontiff, xxiv. 2.

——, Turdus, C., plebeian tribune, xli. 6.

——, Carbo, C., prætor, xliv. 17.

——, L., consular tribune, vi. 22, 38.

——, ——, prætor, iv. 17.

——, ——, a detestable usurer, iv. 28.

——, Crassus, L., consul, iv. 21.

——, —— ——, consul, iv. 30.

——, —— ——, dictator, iv. 12. Consul, 16. Again, 19. Master of horse, 36.

——, Cursor, L., consular tribune, vi. 5. Again, 11. He was censor when the city was taken, ix. 34.

——, —— ——, master of horse, iv. 12. Consul, 23. Dictator, 29. Determines to punish Fabius, his master of horse, for fighting contrary to orders, 30, 34. On the request of the people, forgives him, 35. Is made consul a second time, ix. 7. He takes Luceria, and sends the Samnites under the yoke, 10. Is a third time consul, 15. Triumphs, 16. Is made consul a fourth time, 22. A fifth, 28. Dictator a second time; he triumphs over the Samnites, 40.

——, —— ——, consul, x. 9. Pays little attention to auspices, 40. Triumphs over the Samnites, 46. Is chosen prætor, 47.

——, Mugillanus, L., consul, iv. 7. The first censor, 8. Is consul a second time, 30. Consular tribune, 42. Interrex, 43.

——, —— ——, consul, iv. 23.

——, M., one of the elders, slain by the Gauls on their entering Rome, v. 41.

——, ——, a commissioner for the liquidation of debts, vii. 21.

——, Atratinus, M., consul, iv. 52.

——, Crassus, M., consul, iv. 12. Dictator, iv. 17.

——, ——, Mugillanus, M., consular tribune, iv. 45. Again, 47.

Papirius, Sp., prætor, vi. 22. Again, 27.

——, ——, informs his uncle, the consul, of a defect in the auspices, x. 40.

Parilia, festival, xl. 2.

Parma, Roman colony, xxxix. 55.

Parnassus, mount, xlii. 16.

Paroreia, xxxix. 27; xlii. 51.

Paros, island, xxxi. 15.

Parthenius, mount, xxxiv. 26.

Parthians, ix. 18.

Parthinians, xxix. 12; xxxiii. 34.

Patara, capital of Lycia, xxxiii. 41; xxxvii. 15.

Patavium, x. 2; xli. 27.

Patræ, xxxvi. 21; xxxviii. 29.

Patrician chastity, its chapel, x. 23.

Patricians, why so called, i. 8; x. 8. They insist that they only have the power of taking auspices, and consequently a right to magistracies, and the command of armies, iii. 1; vi. 41; vii. 6. Their contest with the plebeians about the consulship, iv. 1. Is compromised, 6. Renewed, vi. 34; vii. 18-28; x. 15. They claim the offices of prætor and curule ædile, vi. 42; vii. 1. They have the power of appointing an interrex, vi. 41. Are not eligible to plebeian magistracies, iv. 25. The law is repealed which forbade their intermarrying with plebeians, iv. 6.

Pausanias, prætor of Epirus, xxxii. 10; xxxvi. 9.

Pausistratus, prætor of Rhodes, xxxiii. 18; xxxvii. 11.

Pedanius, T., centurion, throws the standard among the enemy, and forces the Carthaginian camp, xxiv. 14.

Pedum taken by Coriolanus, ii. 39. vii. 12. By Camillus, and the inhabitants made citizens of Rome, iv. 13.

Pelagonia, xxvi. 25; xxxi. 39.

Pelignians, iv. 6, 29. Revolt, and are defeated, ix. 41. Peace is granted to them, 45; x. 30.

Pella, xxvi. 25; xliv. 42-46.

Pellene, xxxiii. 14, 15.

Pellina, xxxi. 39.

Pelliti, tribe of Sardinians, xxiii. 40.

Peloponnesus, i. 7.

Pelops, king of Lacedæmon, xxxiv. 32.

Pelusium, xliv. 19. Pelusian mouth of the Nile, xlv. 11.

Penestia, xliii. 19-21; xliv. 11.

Peneus, river, xxxii. 15; xlii. 38, 55, 60; xliv. 6; xlv. 29.

Pennine, summit of the Alps, v. 35; xxi. 38.

Pentrian tribe of Samnites, ix. 31; xxii. 61.

Peparethus, island, xxviii. 5. City, xxxi. 28.

Peræa, xxxii. 34, 35.

Pergamus, xxix. 11; xxxi. 46; xxxvii. 18, 19.

Perolla resolves to kill Hannibal, xxii. 8.

Perpenna and Petillius, Roman ambassadors, imprisoned by Gentius, xliv. 27.

Perrhæbia, xxxi. 41; xxxii. 15; xlii. 36, 53; xliv. 35.

Perseus, Macedonian general, xxvi. 25.

——, son of king Philip, xxxi. 28. Quarrels with his brother Demetrius, xl. 6-16. His forgery of letters detected, 54, 55. He gets possession of the kingdom, 57, 58. Prepares for war against the Romans, xli. 22, 23. Is accused at Rome by Eumenes, xlii. 11-13. Employs assassins to murder Eumenes, 15, 16; and Rammius of Brundusium to poison the Roman ambassadors, 17. Confers with Q. Marcius, 39-43. Collects a very large army, 51. Is worsted by the Romans, 59, 66. Gains advantages in Thrace and Illyria, xliii. 18-23. Is utterly defeated at Pydna by Æmilius Paullus, xliv. 42. Flies to Samothrace, 46; where he and his children are taken, xlv. 6, 7; and are led in triumph, 40.

Persians, ix. 18, 19; xxxvi. 15.

Perusia, ix. 37, 40; x. 30, 31, 37; xxiii. 17; xxviii. 45.

Pessinus, xxix. 10, 11.

Petelia, xxiii. 20, 30; xxvii. 26.

Peteline grove, vi. 20.

Petillii, accusers of Scipio Africanus, xxxviii. 54.

Petra, xl. 22; xliv. 32.

Phalanna, xlii. 54, 65.

Phalanx, Macedonian, compared with Roman troops, iv. 8; ix. 19.

Phalera, xxvii. 30; xxxv. 43; xxxvi. 29.

Phanæ, harbour, xxxvi. 43; xlv. 10.

Phaneas, or Phæneas, Ætolian prætor, xxxii. 32, 34; xxxviii. 8. His dispute with M. Acilius, xxxvi. 28.

Pharnaces, king of Pontus, sends ambassadors to Rome, xl. 20.

Pharsalus, iii. 35; xxxvi. 14.

Phaselis xxxvii. 23. The fleet of Antiochus, commanded by Hannibal and Apollonius, is defeated there, 24.

Pheræ, xxxii. 13; xxxiii. 6; xxxv. 30; xxxvi. 9, 14.

Phileas, Tarentine, xxiv. 7.

Philemenus betrays Tarentum to Hannibal, xxiv. 8, 9; xxvii. 16.

Philetærus, brother of Eumenes, xlii. 55.

Philip, king of Macedonia, xxii. 33. Forms an alliance with Hannibal, xxiii. 33, 39. Commences hostilities by taking Oricum, and is obliged to fly from Apollonia, xxiv. 40. Makes several incursions on the Thessalians and others, xxvi. 25; xxvii. 30; xxviii. 7. Concludes a peace with the Romans and Ætolians, xxxix. 12. Demands the Macedonian prisoners, who had served under Hannibal, and is refused by the senate, xxx. 42. War is renewed, xxxi. 8. He ravages Attica, 14. Besieges Abydos, 16. Makes a fruitless attempt on Athens, 24. Is defeated by the Romans, 37. Holds a conference with the consul Quintius, xxxii. 10. Is defeated, and flies to Thessaly, 12. At another conference he obtains a truce, 36; but his application to the senate is rejected, 37. He makes an alliance with Nabis, 38; who breaks it, 39. He is utterly defeated by Quintius, xxxiii. 7, 9. A peace is concluded, 13. He assists the Romans against Antiochus, xxxvi. 13. Is offended at the behaviour of the Romans, xxxix. 23, 29. His cruelty to Herodicus and his family, xl. 4. His sons quarrel, 5-16. He employs Didas to poison Demetrius, 24. Discovers the villany of Perseus, and resolves to leave the crown to Antigonus, but dies, 54, 55.

Philip, præstor of Epirus, xxix. 12.

——, of Megalopolis, defends Pellinæum, xxxvi. 13. Is sneered at by king Philip, 14. Is made governor of Zacynthus, 32.

——, governor of Cassandrea, xliv. 12.

Philippic, golden coin, xxxvii. 59; xxxix. 5, 7.

Philippopolis, xxxix. 25, 53.

Philo, of Chalcis, xxxvii. 4.

Philocles, Macedonian general, xxxi. 16; xxxii. 16; xxxiv. 32. Ambassador to Rome, xl. 20.

Philocrates, Rhodian ambassador, xlv. 25.

Philodemus betrays mount Euryalus to the Romans, xxiv. 25.

Philopœmen, prætor of Achaia, xxxv. 25. Defeated in a sea-fight by Nabis, 26. His method of acquiring skill in war, 28. Surprises and vanquishes Nabis on land, 27, 29. Is taken by the Messenians, and poisoned, xxxix. 50.

Philostratus, prætor of Epirus, xliii. 23.

Phlius, xxviii. 7.

Phocæa, xxxvii. 31. Taken by the Romans, 32.

Phocæans, xxxiii. 32, 34; xxxviii. 39.

Phocis, xxviii. 7.

Phœnice, in Epirus, xxix. 12.

Phragandæ, xxvi. 25.

Phrygia, xxix. 11.

Phrygians, xxxvii. 40; xxxviii. 17.

Phthiotians, xxxiii. 36; xxxvi. 15.

Phylace, xlv. 26.

Picenian territory, xxii. 9.

Picenum, xxi. 62; xxvii. 43.

Pieria, xxxix. 26; xliv. 9. Pierian wood, 43.

Pinarii, priests of Hercules, i. 7.

Pinarius, L., governor of Enna, suppresses an insurrection, xxiv. 37, 39.

——, ——, consul, ii. 56.

——, Mamercinus, L., consular tribune, iv. 25.

——, L., master of horse, vii. 3. Prætor, 25.

——, M., prætor, xl. 18.

Piræeus, port of Athens, xxxi. 25, 26; xxxv. 50; xxxvi. 42.

Pisæ, xxi. 39; xxxiv. 56; xl. 43.

Pisaurum, colony, xxxix. 44.

Pisidia, xxxv. 13, 14; xxxvii. 56; xxxviii. 15

Pisistratidæ, Hippias and Hipparchus, sons of Pisistratus, xxxi. 44.

Pisistratus, a Bœotian of eminence, put to death for the murder of Brachyllas xxxiii. 28.

Piso, the historian, i. 55; ii. 58. i. 44; x. 9; xxiv. 39.

Pithecusæ, island, iv. 22.

Pityusa, island, xxviii. 37.

Placentia, colony, xxi. 56. The Roman troops take refuge there, 57, 59. It is besieged by Hasdrubal, xxvii. 39. The siege raised, 43. It is sacked by Gauls and Ligurians, xxxi. 10.

Placentians, xxxiii. 23. Their lands wasted, xxxiv. 56

Plains, Old, name of a place, xxiv. 16.

Plator, Macedonian, governor of Oreum, gives it up to the Romans, xxviii. 6, 7.

——, brother of Gentius, murdered by him, xliv. 30.

Plautius, C., consul, vii. 12. Master of horse, 17.

——, consul, vii. 27. Again, iv. 1.

——, consul, triumphs over the Privernians, iv. 20. Censor, ix. 29, 33.

——, Hypsæus, L., prætor, xxxvii. 47.

Plebeian nobles, xxii. 34, 35.

Pleminius, Q., proprætor, takes one of the citadels of Locri, xxix. 6. Is appointed by Scipio governor of the city, displays great cruelty and avarice, and robs the temple of Proserpine, 8. Is sent to Rome in chains. 21; and put to death for a plot to burn the city, xxxiv. 44.

Plestina taken by the Romans, x. 3.

Pletorius, C., commissioner of a colony, xxxiv. 45. Ambassador to Gentius, xlii. 26.

Pleuratus, king of Illyria, xxvi. 24; xxvii. 30; xxviii. 5; xxxi. 28; xxxviii. 7; xliv. 30.

Politorium, i. 33.

Pollian tribe, iv. 37.

Pollentia, or Polentia, colony, xxxix. 44; xli. 27.

Polusca, ii. 33.

Polyaratus, a man of power in Rhodes, xliv. 23, 29; xlv. 22.

Polybius, a writer deserving great credit, xxx. 10, 45.

Polyænus, of Syracuse, his free and moderate address to his countrymen, xxiv. 22.

Polyphantes, Macedonian general, xxvii. 32; xxviii. 5.

Polyxenidas, a Rhodian, commander of Antiochus’s fleet, defeated by the Romans, xxxvi. 45. Imposes on the Rhodian commander, defeats and kills him, xxxvii. 10, 11. Is defeated by the Romans and Rhodians, 30.

Pomærium, i. 26, 44.

Pometia, see Suessa.

Pompeii, ix. 38.

Pompeius, L., military tribune, xlii. 65.

Pomponius, L., præfect of allies, xxiv. 1.

——, ——, an infamous farmer of the revenues, 3.

——, Matho, Man., master of horse, abdicates, because his appointment proved to be irregular, xxii. 33. Prætor, 35; xxii. 55; xxiii. 24; xxvi. 23.

——, —— ——, plebeian ædile, xxviii. 10.

——, M., deputed to carry an offering to Delphi, xxviii. 45. Prætor, xxix. 11. Appointed to command a fleet, xxx. 2.

——, M., plebeian tribune, protests against a war with Rhodes, xlv. 21.

——, Sex., xxi. 51.

——, M., plebeian tribune, accuses L. Manlius, whose son deters him from the prosecution, vii. 45.

Pomptine tribe, vii. 15.

——, lands, ii. 34. iv. 25; vi. 5, 21. Wasted by locusts, xlii. 2.

Pontiff, chief, created by Numa, his duties and privileges, i. 20; iv. 44. Inferior pontiffs, xxii. 57.

Pontificius, Ti., plebeian tribune, proposer of the Agrarian law, ii. 44.

Pontius Cominius, swimming down the Tiber, conveys intelligence from Camillus to the besieged in the Capitol, v. 46.

——, C., Samnite general, shuts up the Roman army in the defiles of Caudium, and sends them under the yoke, ix. 1—15.

Popilius Sabellus, C., distinguishes himself in fight, xli. 4.

——, Lænas, C., consul, xlii. 9. Ambassador to Antiochus and Ptolemy, xliv. 19; xlv. 10.

——, ——, M., consul, overthrows the Tiburtians, vii. 12. Again consul, 17. A third time, 23. A fourth, 26.

——, M., consul, ix. 21.

——, P., ambassador to Syphax, xxvii. 4.

——, T., xxvi. 6.

Porcian law, x. 9.

Porcius Licinius, L., lieutenant-general, xxvi. 6. Plebeian ædile, xxvii. 6. Prætor, xxxv. 39.

——, L., consul, xxxix. 33.

——, Licinius, L., xl. 34.

——, Cato, M., quæstor to Scipio, xxix. 25. Consul, xxxiii. 42. Pleads in support of the Oppian law, xxxiv. 2. Goes into Spain, 8. And effectually subdues all the country as far as the Iberus, 17. Triumphs, 46. Shows himself a bitter enemy to Scipio Africanus, xxxviii. 54. Censor, xxxix. 41. Acts with strict severity, 42, 44. Favours the Rhodians xlv. 25.

Porcius Cato, M., prætor, xxxii. 7.

Porsenna, Lar, or Lartes, king of Clusium, entertains the Tarquins, and makes war on the Romans, ii. 9. Besieges Rome, 11. Restores the hostages, and concludes a treaty of friendship with the Romans, 15.

Porsenna’s goods for sale, whence the phrase, ii. 14.

Postumia, a vestal, rebuked for too much attention to dress, iv. 44.

Postumius, A., dictator, vanquishes the Latins at Regillus, and triumphs, ii. 19, 20. Is made consul, 21.

——, Albus, A., consul, iii. 4. Ambassador to the Æquans, is affronted by their general, 25.

——, Regillensis, A., consular tribune, overpowers the Tarquinians, v. 16. Again consular tribune, vi. 22.

——, Tibertus, A., master of horse, iv. 23. Dictator; defeats the Æquans and Volscians, 26, 29.

——, Albinus, A., prætor, xxxix. 23.

——, ——, Luscus, A., consul, xl. 35. Censor, xli. 27.

——, Luscus, A., commissioner to settle Macedonia, xlv. 17.

——, Albinius, L., consular tribune, vi. 1. Again, 22.

——, Megellus, L., consul, triumphs over the Samnites, ix. 44. Proprætor, x. 26. Again consul, 32. Triumphs over Etruria, in opposition to the senate and people, 37.

——, L., consul elect, cut off with his army in the wood Litina, xxiii. 24.

——, Albinus, L., prætor, xl. 35. Triumphs over Lusitania, xli. 7. Consul, 28. Candidate for the censorship, xliii. 14. Flamen Quirinalis, xlv. 15.

——, M., consular tribune, iv. 31. Fined 10,000 asses, 41.

——, Albinus, M., consular tribune, v. i.

——, Regillensis, M., consular tribune, iv. 49. Stoned by his army, 50.

——, Purgensis, M., a contractor for supplying the armies, outlawed, and his property confiscated, for fraudulent practices, xxiv. 3, 4.

——, P., consul, triumphs over the Sabines, ii. 16.

——, Sp., consul, iii. 2. Decemvir, 33.

——, Albus, Sp., consular tribune, v. 26. Overcomes the Æquans, 28.

——, Sp., consul, iv. 16. Censor, 17. Master of horse, 23. Again consul, ix. 1. Is sent under the yoke at Caudium, 6.

——, Regillensis, Sp., censor, vi. 27.

——, Albinus, Sp., prætor, xxxvii. 47. Consul, xxxix. 6. Augur, 45.

Potidania, xxviii. 8.

Potitian family, priests of Hercules, i. 7. Delegate the office to slaves, and the family becomes extinct, ix. 29.

Præneste, vi. 29; vii. 12.

Prænestines revolt, vi. 21. Are conquered, and the statue of Imperial Jupiter is removed to Rome, 28. They aid the Pedans, and are punished, iv. 12, 14. Five hundred Prænestines defend Casilinum, xxiii. 17, 19. Are rewarded, 20.

Prærogative century, v. 18; x. 22.

Prætor, chosen out of the patricians to administer justice in the city, vi. 42; vii. 1. Was elected under the same auspices, and considered as a colleague of the consuls, iii. 55; iv. 32. The first plebeian, iv. 1.

Prætorium, general’s pavilion, vii. 12.

Prætutian lands, xxii. 9; xxvii. 45.

Praxo, a woman of distinction at Delphi, confidant of Perseus, xlii. 15, 17.

Priene, xxxviii. 13.

Priests chosen by Numa out of the patricians, i. 20. Plebeians added, x. 6, 8.

Primigenia, Fortuna, xxix. 36.

Prince or chief of the senate, the mode of choosing him altered, xxvii. 11.

Prison, first, built in Rome, i. 33. Private prisons, vi. 36.

Privernum, the inhabitants ravage the Roman territory, vii. 15. Are defeated, and their city taken, by C. Marcius, 16. Renew the war, are conquered, and two parts of their lands taken from them, iv. 1. Again commence hostilities, are conquered, and their senate banished beyond the Tiber, 19, 20. Undaunted reply of one of their ambassadors, 21.

Procas, king of Alba, i. 3.

Proconsul, first mentioned by Livy, iii. 4. The first who was continued in command on the expiration of his consulate, Publius Philo, iv. 26. Proconsuls had no authority in the city, xxvi. 9.

Proculus Giganius Maurinus, consul, iv. 12.

——, ——, Julius, i. 16.

——, ——, Virginius, consul, his contest with his colleague about the Agrarian law, ii. 41.

Prodictator, Q. Fabius Maximus, xxii. 8.

Propontis, sea, xxxviii. 16, 18.

Prosecution, capital, ii. 52. Pecuniary, xxvi. 3.

Proserpine, xxiv. 39. Her temple at Locri robbed by Pleminius, xxix. 7. Complaint made by the Locrians, 18. By the prætor Minucius, xxxi. 12; who replaces the treasure, 13. See xxix. 20, 21.

Proxenus, Ætolian, poisoned by his wife, xli. 25.

Prusias, king of Bithynia, solicited by Antiochus to join him in war against the Romans, is prevented by a letter from Scipio Africanus, xxxvii. 25. After giving refuge to Hannibal, he consents to surrender him to T. Quintius, xxxix. 51. Proposes to mediate between the Romans and Perseus, xliv. 14. Comes to Rome, and behaves with abject meanness, xlv. 44.

Prytanis, the title of the chief magistrate of Rhodes, xlii. 45.

Pteleum, xxxv. 43. Is demolished, xlii. 67.

Ptolemy Philopater, king of Egypt, his statue affords refuge to Magius the Capuan, xxiii. 10. He renews a treaty of friendship with the Romans, xxvii. 4. Offers to repress the inroads of Philip xxxi. 9.

——, king of Egypt, xxxii. 33. Marries the daughter of Antiochus, xxxv. 13.

——, and Cleopatra, king and queen of Egypt, offer aid to the Romans against Antiochus, xxxvii. 3. Implore their assistance against him, xliv. 19. The elder Ptolemy is reconciled to his brother and sister, and received in Alexandria, xlv. 11. They are saved from the attempts of Antiochus by Roman ambassadors, 12.

Publicans, farmers of the revenue, furnish supplies to the troops at their own expense, on being promised payment when money should come into the treasury, xxiii. 48, 49. Fraudulent practices and turbulent behaviour of some of them, xxiv. 3, 4.

Publicius Bibulus, C., plebeian tribune, his charges against Marcellus and the patricians, xxvii. 21.

——, L., military tribune, xxii. 53.

Publilian tribe added, vii. 15.

Publilius, C., confined for his father’s debts, iv. 28.

——, Volscus, L., consular tribune, v. 12.

——, Q., plebeian tribune, during the dissensions excited by Manlius, supports the cause of the senate, vi. 19; and commences a prosecution against Manlius, 20.

——, Philo, Q., consul, defeats the Latins, is nominated dictator, procures laws to be passed in favour of the commons, iv. 12. He is the first plebeian prætor. 15. Is made master of horse, 16. Censor, 17. Consul a second time, 22. He is the first person continued in command on the expiration of his consulate, and the first that triumphed when out of office, 26. Consul a third time, ix. 7. He vanquishes the Samnites, 13-15.

——, T., plebeian augur, x. 9.

——, Volero, a plebeian, refuses to enlist in the army, and appeals to the tribunes and to the people, ii. 55. Is chosen plebeian tribune, 56. Proposes a law, that plebeian magistrates should be elected in assemblies of the tribes; is re-elected tribune, ibid.

Publilius, Volero, consular tribune, v. 13.

Pupinian district, xxvi. 9.

Pupius, Cn., a commissioner to build a temple of Concord, xxii. 33.

——, L., candidate for the prætorship, xxxix. 39. Prætor, 45.

——, P., one of the first plebeian quæstors, iv. 54.

Puteoli, xxiv. 12; xxiv. 22; xxvi. 17. Attacked in vain by Hannibal, xxiv. 13.

Pydna, xliv. 6, 10, 42. Sacked by the Romans, 45.

Pylæ, or Thermopylæ, xxxii. 4.

Pylæmenes, king of the Heneti, i. 1.

Pylaic council, xxxiii. 35.

Pylos, xxvii. 30.

Pyra, on mount Œta, the place were Hercules was burned, xxxvi. 30.

Pyrene, promontory, xxvi. 19.

Pyrenæan mountains, ii. 23. Harbour, xxxiv. 8.

Pyrgus, fort, xxvii. 32.

Pyrrheum, fort, at Ambracia, xxxviii. 5, 6.

Pyrrhias, prætor of Ætolia, defeated by Philip, xxvii. 30.

Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, his kind treatment of Roman prisoners, xxii. 59. His character mentioned by Scipio, xxxv. 14. He was warned by the Romans to guard against poison, xxxix. 51. His dishonourable death a punishment for robbing the temple of Proserpine, xxix. 17.

Pyrrhus’s camp, name of a place in Macedonia, xxxii. 13; xxxv. 27.

Pythagoras, the Samian philosopher, posterior to Numa, i. 18. Some supposed that Numa’s books were written by him, xl. 29.

——, son-in-law of Nabis, governor of Sparta, xxxiv. 25. Makes a vigorous defence, 39.

Pythian Apollo, his answer brought by Fabius Pictor the historian, xxiii. 11.

Pythium, xlii. 53; xliv. 2, 35.

Pytho, Macedonian, governor of Cassandrea, repulses the Romans, xliv. 12.

Quadrants, contributed by the people to bury Valerius, iii. 18.

Quadrigati, coin so called, xxii. 52.

Quadrireme, galley of four banks of oars, xxx. 25.

Quadruplator, a term of reproach, iii. 72.

Quæstors, first mentioned by Livy, ii. 41. Their number doubled, iv. 43. First plebeian, 54.

Quæstorium, part of a camp taken by the Samnites, x. 32.

Quinquatrus, feast of Minerva, lasting five days, xxvi. 27; xliv. 20.

Quinquereme, five-banked galley, xxi. 17.

Quintian family, iii. 12. Meadows, 26.

Quintii, Albans made Roman senators i. 30.

Quintilis, month, the nones appointed for the Apollinarian games, xxvii. 23. Calling magistrates into office, v. 32. Knights reviewed, ix. 46.

Quintilius Varus, xxx. 1.

——, Cn., dictator, to drive a nail in the Capitol, iv. 18.

——, Varus, M., consular tribune v. 1.

——, M., xxx. 18.

——, Varus, P., prætor, xxix. 38; xxx. 1. Defeats Mago in Insubrian Gaul, 18.

——, ——, flamen of Mars, xliv. 18.

——, Sextus, consul, iii. 42.

——, Varus, T., xxxix. 31.

Quintius Cincinnatus, consular tribune, iv. 49.

——, Cæso, warmly opposes the tribunes, iii. 11. Is falsely charged with murder, is the first that gives bail to the people, goes into exile, 13.

——, Flamininus, Cæso, commissioner to build a temple of Concord, xxii. 33.

——, Cincinnatus, C., consular tribune, vi. 32.

——, Capitolinus, Cn., first curule ædile, vii. 1.

——, D., of obscure birth, remarkable for bravery and conduct, commander of a Roman fleet, is killed in a sea-fight with the Tarentines, xxvi. 39.

——, L., military tribune, iv. 25.

——, Cincinnatus, L., supplicates the people in favour of his son Cæso, iii. 12. Consul, 19. Refuses to be re-elected consul, 21. Is called from the plough to the dictatorship, 26. Surrounds and vanquishes the Æquans, and sends them under the yoke, 27, 28. Is presented by his army with a golden crown, and triumphs, 29. A candidate for the decemvirate, fails, 35. Executes the business of censor with moderation, iv. 6. Is again dictator, 13.

——, L., son of Cincinnatus, consular tribune, iv. 16. Master of horse, 17. Consular tribune, 35. Again, 44. A fourth time, vi. 6. Again, 32. Recovers Tusculum, 33.

——, Capitolinus, L., consular tribune, vi. 11.

——, Flamininus, L., augur, xxiv. 2. Prætor, xxxi. 49.

——, Crispinus, L., prætor, xxxix. 6. Commissioner of a colony, 55. Triumphs over the Celtiberians and Lusitanians, xxxix. 42.

——, Flamininus, L., brother of the consul Titus, admiral of the fleet on the coast of Greece, xxxii. 16. Consul, xxxv. 10. Is expelled the senate for barbarous cruelty, xxxix. 42.

Quintius Cincinnatus, P., consular tribune, iv. 61.

——, Q., consular tribune, vi. 36.

——, Barbatus Capitolinus, T., consul, appeases the fury of the populace, ii. 56. Is thanked by the senate, 57. A favourite of the soldiers, 60. Is raised again to the consulship by the patricians, and by a stratagem defeats the Volscians, 64. Commissioner of a colony, iii. 1. Consul a third time, 2. Proconsul, rescues the consul from imminent danger, 4, 5. Pleads in favour of Cæso Quintius, 12, 13. Quæstor, arraigns Volscius, on whose evidence Cæso had been condemned, 25. A candidate for the censorship, is disappointed, 35. A fourth time consul, 66. His character, 69. He defeats the Æquans and Volscians, 70. Interrex, iv. 7. A fifth time consul, 8. A sixth, he nominates L. Quintius Cincinnatus dictator, 13. Supplicates the people in favour of T. Quintius, son of Cincinnatus, 41.

——, Cincinnatus Pennus, T., iv. 26. His disputes with his colleague, and activity in the field, 27, 29. Again consul, 30. Consular tribune; unsuccessful at Veii, 31. Shares in victory with the dictator, 32, 33. Is brought to trial, and acquitted, 41.

——, Capitolinus, T., son of Capitolinus, consul, iv. 43. Consular tribune, 61.

——, Cincinnatus, T., consular tribune, vi. 4. Again, 18. Dictator; he subdues the Prænestines, 28, 29. And in his triumph conveys to the Capitol the image of Imperial Jove, brought from Præneste.

——, Capitolinus, T., consular tribune, and master of horse, vi. 11.

——, T., consular tribune, vi. 38.

——, Pennus, T., master of horse, vi. 42.

——, T., dictator, vii. 9. Master of horse, 11. Consul, 18.

——, Pennus, T., consul, vii. 22.

——, T., chosen as leader by the troops in mutiny, vii. 39, 41.

——, ——, commissioner of a colony, iv. 16.

——, Crispinus, T., appointed by Marcellus to the command of a fleet, xxiv. 39. Prætor, xxvii. 6. Consul, 21. Is wounded, 27. Disconcerts a scheme of Hannibal, 28. Dies of his wound, 33.

——, —— ——, his singular encounter with Badius, a Campanian, xxiv. 18.

——, Flamininus, T., curule ædile, exhibits stage plays with great magnificence, xxxi. 4. Consul, xxxii. 7. Sails to Greece, 9. Holds a conference with Philip, without effect, 10. Defeats Philip, 12. Is obliged to raise the siege of Atrax, 18. Holds another conference with Philip, which produces a truce, but not a peace, 32, 37. Gives Philip a total overthrow, xxxiii. 9, 10. Concludes a peace with him, 13, 24, 30. Proclaims liberty to the states of Greece, 32. Leads an army to Argo, xxxiv. 25. Lays siege to Lacedæmon, 26. Refuses at first to listen to Nabis, and afterwards grants him peace, 40. Triumphs during three days, 52. Procures the siege of Naupactum to be raised, xxxvi. 35. Censor, xxxvii. 58; xxxviii. 28. Augur, xlv. 44.

Quirinal flamen created by Numa, i. 20.

——, hill added to the city, i. 44.

Quirinus, i. 20; v. 52; iv. 9. His temple, iv. 21. Dedicated, and adorned with spoils of the enemy, x. 46.

Quirites, why so called, i. 13.

Quiritian trench made by Anc. Marcius i. 33.

Rabuleius, Man., decemvir, iii. 35.

Racilia, wife of Quintius Cincinnatus, iii. 26.

Ramnius, L., a Brundusian, tempted by Perseus to poison the Roman ambassadors and officers, discovers the matter to the Romans, xlii. 17, 41.

Ramnenses, or Ramnes, one of the first tribes, and a century of knights, i. 13, 36; x. 6.

Reate, xxiv. 7; xxvi. 11. Promises soldiers to Scipio, xxviii. 45.

Red rocks, ii. 49. Sea, xlv. 9.

Regillum, town of the Sabines, ii. 16.

Regillus, lake, near which Postumias routed the Latins, ii. 19, 20; vi. 2.

Religion established by Numa, i. 19. A passion for foreign religious rites prevails, iv. 30. Religious worship performed with more piety than magnificence, iii. 57. The bad consequences of introducing foreign modes of worship, xxiv. 1.

Remus, made prisoner, and given up to Amulius; assists in restoring his grandfather, and is slain by his brother, i. 5.

Retius, M., ambassador to Gaul, xxvii. 36.

Revenue managed by the censors, iv. 8.

Rhaphia, xxxv. 13.

Rhæteum, promontory, xxxvii. 9, 37; xxxviii. 39.

Rhætians, v. 33.

Rhea Sylvia, i. 3, 4.

Rhegium, faithful to the Romans, xxiii. 30. Attempted by the Carthaginians, xxiv. 1; xxvi. 12; xxix. 6. Furnishes the Romans with a supply of ships, xxxvi. 42.

Rhinocolura, xlv. 11.

Rhion, or Rhium, strait between Naupactum and Patræ, being the entrance to the bay of Corinth, xxvii. 30; xxviii. 7.

Rhisiasus, of Pellene, threatens his son Memnon with death, if he persists in obstructing the proceedings of a council of the Achæans, xxxii. 22.

Rhizon, xlv. 26.

Rhodians, send ambassadors to compose disputes between Philip and the Ætolians, xxvii. 30; xxviii. 7. Send a fleet to aid the Romans against Philip, xxxi. 46. Recover Peræa from the Macedonians, xxxiii. 18. Join their fleet to the Roman against Antiochus, xxxvii. 9. Defeat his fleet, commanded by Hannibal, xxiii. 24. Again, in conjunction with the Romans, defeat Polyxenidas, 30. Receive Lycia and Caria, after the reduction of Antiochus, xxxviii. 39. Send to the Roman consul a menacing embassy in favour of Perseus, xliv. 14. Implore pardon of the Roman ambassadors, and punish the advisers of their misconduct, xlv. 10. Juvencius Thalna, prætor, proposes to the Roman commissioners a declaration of war against Rhodes, and is opposed by the tribunes, 21.

Rhoduntia, one of the summits of mount Œta, near Thermopylæ, xxxvi. 16, 18.

Rhone, xxi. 31; xxvii. 39. Crossed by Hannibal, xxi. 26.

Rings laid aside in mourning, ix. 7.

Rome, built by Romulus, i. 16. Augmented by the destruction of Alba, 30. Surrounded with a stone wall, 38. Besieged by Porsenna, ii. 11. Sacked and burned by the Gauls, v. 41, 42. Rebuilt, 55, and vi. 4. Its situation and advantages described, v. 54. Doubled by the accession of the Sabines, i. 13. Attempted by Hannibal, xxvi. 10. Suffers much by fire, xxiv. 47; xxvi. 27.

Romans, their magnanimity, iv. 6. Love of liberty, ii. 15. vi. 19. Moderation in prosperity, xxx. 42. Fortitude in adversity, ix. 3. Love of their country, xxiii. 49; xxiv. 18; xxvi. 36. Gratitude to its friends, ii. 10, 13; v. 47. Justice, v. 27. Regard to religion, i. 21. Military abilities, ix. 17, 19. See Army, Camp, Discipline. They long held poverty in honour, see Poverty. It is the character of a Roman, both to act and to suffer with fortitude, ii. 12.

Romilius, T., consul, brought to trial on a charge made by Cl. Cicero, iii. 31. Decemvir, 33.

Romular, afterwards Ruminal, fig-tree, i. 4.

Romulea taken by the Romans, x. 17.

Romulus Sylvius, king of Alba, i. 3.

——. son of Rhea, kills his brother Remus; builds a city on the Palatine hill, and, from his own name, calls it Rome, i. 16. Forms the government, enlarges the city, opens a sanctuary, and forms a senate, 8. Orders the seizure of the Sabine women, 9. Overthrows the Cæninians, killing their king, offers the grand spoils to Jupiter Feretrius, and dedicates to him the first temple in Rome, 10. Defeats the Antemnians and Crustumnians, 11. Distressed in battle with the Sabines, vows a temple to Jupiter Stator, 12. Makes peace with the Sabines, and divides the city into thirty curias, 13. Conquers the Fidentians and Veians, appoints three hundred celeres to guard his person, 15. Dies, and is esteemed a divinity, 16.

Rorarian soldiers, iv. 8.

Roscius, L., Roman ambassador, killed by order of Tolumnius, iv. 17.

Ruscino, where some states of Gaul assembled, with intent to oppose Hannibal, xxi. 24.

——, a sea-port in Africa, xxx. 10.

Rusellan lands, x. 4. Wasted, and the city taken, 37.

Rutilius Crassus, Sp., consular tribune, iv. 47.

——, P., plebeian tribune, warmly opposes the censors, and brings them to trial, xliii. 16. Is fined, and disfranchised, xliv. 16.

——, Calvus, P., prætor, xlv. 44.

Rutulians vanquished by Æneas, i. 2. By Tarquinius the Proud, 57.

Sabatine tribe, vi. 5.

Sabatines, xxvi. 33.

Sabellan cohorts, x. 19. Country, iv. 1.

Sabine women seized by the Romans, i. 9. Put an end to the fight between the Romans and Sabines; their names given to the curias, 13.

Sabines make war on the Romans, i. 9, 10. Seize the citadel, 11. Maintain a furious fight, and afterwards make a peace, 13. Are attacked and conquered by T. Hostilius, 30, 31. Those who removed to Rome with Tatius reside on the Capitol and citadel, 33. The Sabines are attacked, and defeated by Tarquinius, 36, 37. Make preparations for war, ii. 16. Sue for peace, 18. Make a predatory inroad as far as the Anio, and are dispersed, 26. Renew the war, and are defeated, 31. Join the Veians against Rome, and are overthrown, 53. Advance to the gates of the city, 63, 64. Recommence hostilities, iii. 26, 30. Are defeated, 63.

Sacred Mount, ii. 32. iii. 52. Street, ii. 13. Rites, foreign, forbidden at Rome, xxiv. 1. Shocking rites of the Samnites, x. 38, 39. Sacred spring, xxxiv. 44.

Sacrifices, several extraordinary, performed by direction of the Sibylline books xxii. 57. The anniversary sacrifice of Ceres omitted after the battle of Cannæ, xxii. 56.

Sacriportus, harbour, near Tarentum, xxvi. 39.

Sagmina, vervain, i. 24; xxx. 43.

Saguntum, an opulent city on the Iberus, xxi. 7. Besieged and taken by Hannibal, the inhabitants throw their valuables and themselves into a fire, 14, 15. Spanish hostages are kept at Saguntum, xxii. 22. It is retaken by the Romans, and restored to its old inhabitants, xxiv. 42; xxviii. 39.

Saguntines, threatened by Hannibal, send ambassadors to Rome, xxi. 2, 6. Show great firmness in supporting the siege, 11. Send an embassy to Rome with thanks to the senate, xxviii. 39. Another embassy, xxx. 21.

Salapia, xxiv. 20, 47. Surrendered to Marcellus with the Carthaginian garrison, xxvi. 38; xxvii. 1.

Salapians overreach Hannibal, xxvii. 28.

Salarian street, vii. 9.

Salassians dwelling on the Alps, xxi. 38.

Salera, in Africa, xxix. 34.

Salernum, colony, xxxii. 29; xxxiv. 45.

Salii, twelve priests of Mars instituted by Numa, i. 20. Twelve more vowed by Tullus, and called Agonales, or Colline, 27.

Salinator, why Livius was so surnamed, xxix. 37.

Sallentines conquered, ix. 42. Some of their towns revolt to Hannibal, xxiv. 1. Their country, x. 2; xxiv. 20.

Salonius, C., commissioner of a colony, xxxiv. 44; xlii. 4.

——, P., alternately military tribune and chief centurion, entreats the senators not, on his account, to refuse the demands of the mutinous soldiers, vii. 41.

Salpinians infest the Roman lands, v. 31, 32.

Salsula, vii. 19.

Salyi, or Salyes, or Salluvii, people of Gaul, v. 35. Their mountains, xxi. 26.

Samæans, in Cephallenia, break the peace, which had been concluded, and are besieged, xxxviii. 28. After a vigorous defence the city is taken, and sacked, 29.

Same, or Samos, island, xxxvi. 42. Samians, xxxi. 31; xxxiii. 20.

Samnites, form an alliance with the Romans, vii. 19. Origin of the war between those states, 29. Ambassadors sent to the Samnites, receive a rude and menacing answer, 31. War is proclaimed, 32. A furious battle, in which the Samnites are defeated, 33. Are again defeated in Samnium, 36. A third time, 37. They send ambassadors to sue for peace, iv. 1. The old treaty is renewed, 2. They join the Lucanians against Alexander of Epire, 17. Answer with haughtiness the expostulations of the Romans, 23. Are expelled Palæpolis, 26. Defeated by Fabius, master of horse, 30. Again, by Papirius, dictator, 36. Make a truce for a year, break it, and, after a desperate engagement, are defeated, 38, 39. Entrap the Roman army at the Caudine forks, ix. 2; and after violent exertions, and suffering many defeats, 13-16, 21-23, 27, 31, 40, 41; they submit, and are sent under the yoke, 42. Their gold and silver shielded battalions, 40. The old treaty is renewed with them, 45. They take arms again, and are worsted, x. 12. Fight a furious battle, and are obliged to fly into Etruria, 16. Are again defeated, 19. Again, and their general taken, 20. They join the Etrurians, Umbrians, and Gauls, 21. With the Gauls invade the Roman territories, 27; and are defeated, 29. Their character as soldiers, 28. They are defeated in a bloody battle, 31. They assault the Roman camp, 32; and are repulsed, 33. Seven thousand of them are sent under the yoke, 36. Again, by Papirius, xli. 42. Their towns taken, 45. They, excepting the Pentrians, revolt to Hannibal, xxii. 61. Their country severely ravaged by Marcellus, xxiii. 42.

Samnites, gladiators so called, ix. 40.

Samnium, vii. 32.

Samothrace, island, xliv. 25. Perseus takes refuge there, 45, 46; xlv. 2, 5.

Samus, island, xxxvii. 10, 11, &c.

Sangarius, river, abounding with fish, xxxviii. 18.

Sappinian tribe, district of Umbria, xxxi. 2; xxxiii. 37.

Sardes, xlv. 34.

Sardians, or Sardinians, xxi. 16. Send a secret embassy to the Carthaginians, xxiii. 32. Are vanquished by the Romans, 40. Entirely subdued, 41. Successes of Sempronius against them, xli. 12.

Sardinia, island, xxi. 1; xxii. 31. Ravaged by a Carthaginian fleet, xxvii. 6. A Roman army ordered to be sent thither, xli. 9. Are conquered by Sempronius Gracchus, and a picture hung up, xli. 28.

Sarpedon, promontory, xxxviii. 38.

Sarus, river, fleet of Antiochus shipwrecked at its mouth, xxxiii. 41.

Saticula, vii. 32, 34. Besieged by the Romans, ix. 21. Taken, 22. Its territory, xxiii. 14. Its inhabitants commended by the Romans, xxvii. 10.

Satricum, taken from the Romans by Coriolanus, ii. 39. By the Romans from the Volscians, vi. 8. By the Prænestines and Volscians, 22. Burned by the Latins, 33. The Antians settle a colony there, and the Romans sack and burn the city, vii. 27. The Volscians take post at Satricum, iv. 1. It is taken by Papirius, ix. 16.

Saturæ, interludes, vii. 2.

Saturnalia, instituted, ii. 21. Proclaimed to last a day and a night, and to be observed for ever, xxii. 1.

Saturn’s temple, ii. 21. Sacrifices and a lectisternium at it, xxii. 1.

Satyrus, Rhodian ambassador, xlii. 14.

Scævola. See Mutius.

Scantinius, P., pontiff, xxiii. 21.

Scaptian tribe added, iv. 17.

Scaptius, P., persuades the Roman people in a case where they are arbitrators, to assume to themselves some lands in dispute between the Ardeans and Aricians, iii. 71.

Scarcity, and consequent disturbances, ii. 34. iv. 12.

Scæa, called Tripolis, xliii. 55.

Scerdilædus, king of Illyria, xxvi. 24; xxvii. 30; xxviii. 5.

——, son of Gentius, xliv. 32.

Scharphia, xxxvi. 19.

Schœnus, merchant, informs Quintius of the roads to Perrhæbia, xliv. 35.

Sciathus demolished by Philip, xxxi. 28, 45; xxxv. 43.

Scissis, xxi. 60.

Scodra, capital of Illyria, xliii. 20; xliv. 31, 32; xlv. 26.

Scodrus, mount, xliv. 31.

Scopas, prætor of the Ætolians, xxvi. 24. Makes war on the Acarnanians, 25. Carries a large body of troops to Egypt, xxxi. 43.

Scorpions, engines, the number found in New Carthage, xxvi. 47.

Scotussa, xxviii. 5, 7. Plain of Scotussa, or Melambium, xxxiii. 6.

Scribonius Curio, C., plebeian ædile, prosecutes farmers of the public lands, xxxiii. 42. Is made chief curio, xli. 21. Prætor, xxxiv. 54.

——, L., deputy from the Roman prisoners, taken by Hannibal, xxii. 61.

——, Libo, L., commissioner of the exchequer, xxiii. 21. See xxii. 61. Prætor, xxix. 11.

——, ——, prætor, xxxv. 10.

——, ——, prætor, xxxix. 23.

Scultenna, river, at which the Ligurians are defeated by C. Claudius, xli. 12, 18.

Scyllæum, promontory, xxxi. 44; xxxvi. 42.

Scyrus, xxxi. 45; xxxiii. 30.

Seamen supplied by private persons, xxiv. 11.

Secession of the commons to the Sacred Mount, ix. 32, 33; to the Aventine, iii. 50, 51; and thence to the Sacred Mount, 52. Of the soldiers, iv. 39, 52.

Sedentary occupations, people of, summoned to take arms, iv. 20.

Sedetania country wasted by Mandonius, xxviii. 24; xxix. 2.

Sedetanians join the Romans, xxxiv. 20.

Seditious commotions at Rome, ii. 23, 28, 56; iii. 66, &c. &c.

Segistica, xxxiv. 17.

Seguntia, xxxiv. 19.

Seleucia, Macedonian colony, xxxiii. 41; xxxviii. 17.

Seleucus, son of Lysimachus, xxxiii. 40.

——, son of Antiochus, xxxiii. 40. Recovers Phocæa, xxxvii. 11. Wastes the country of Pergamus, and lays siege to the city, xxxvii. 18. Is compelled by Diophanes, an Achæan, to retire out of the country, 21.

Selinus taken by Antiochus, xxxiii. 20.

Sellius, A., plebeian tribune, iv. 42.

Selymbria, xxxiii. 39.

Sempronius Blæsus, quæstor, is slain with one thousand of his men, xxii. 31.

——, A., consul, ii. 21. Again, 34.

——, Atratinus, A., one of the first consular tribunes, iv. 7. Again, 44. A third time, 47. Master of horse, vi. 28.

——, ——, C., consul, his negligence and rashness, iv. 37. He is accused by L. Hortensius, plebeian tribune, and saved by the entreaties of the military tribunes of his army, 42. Is again accused, and condemned, 44.

——, Blæsus, C., brings to trial Cn. Fulvius, for the loss of his army, xxvi. 2.

——, ——, Cn., lieutenant-general under Q. Fulvius, xxvii. 6.

——, ——, C., plebeian ædile, xxxix. 7. Prætor, 32.

——, Longus, C., commissioner of religious affairs, xli. 21.

——, Atratinus, L., consul, iv. 7. Censor, 8.

——, Tuditanus, M., on the capture of New Carthage, appointed arbiter in the dispute about a mural crown, xxvi. 48. Prætor, xxxvii. 47. Consul, xxxix. 23. Chief pontiff, 46. Dies of the plague, xli. 21.

——, ——, P., ambassador to Ptolemy Epiphanes, xxxi. 2. Curule ædile, is made prætor, xxiv. 43, 44; xxiv. 3; xxvi. 1. Censor, xxvii. 11. Consul, xxix. 11. Makes peace with Philip, 12. Engages in an irregular combat with Hannibal, and is worsted; engages him again, and gains the victory, 36.

——, Sophus, P., plebeian tribune, ix. 33. Inveighs against Appius Claudius, censor, and orders him to be imprisoned, 34. Consul, he enjoys a triumph, 45. Is made pontiff, x. 9. Prætor, 21.

——, Blæsus, P., plebeian tribune, opposes the grant of a triumph to P. Cornelius Scipio, xxxvi. 39. Sempronius Gracchus, P., plebeian tribune, and Caius, accuse Acilius Glabrio of peculation, xxxvii. 58.

——, Longus, P., prætor, xxxix. 32.

——, Gracchus, Tib., master of horse, xxii. 57. Sends corn and nuts down the river to the besieged in Casilinum, xxiii. 19. Curule ædile, is made consul, 24. Supports the spirits of the senate, 25. Takes the command of the volunteer slaves, 32. His services, 35-37. He defeats Hanno, xxiv. 14, 15. Gives freedom to the volunteer slaves, 16. Again consul, 43. His actions in Lucania, xxiv. 1. He is insnared by treachery, and his body is sent to Hannibal, 116.

——, ——, when very young, is made augur, xxix. 38. Chosen, as remarkably spirited, by Scipio, for an expeditious journey to Philip, xxxvii. 7.

——, Longus, Tib., consul, xxi. 6. Is sent into Sicily, 17. Recalled, and joins his colleague, 51. Is defeated by Hannibal, 55. Fights Hannibal again, is successful at first, but worsted afterwards, 59. Fights Hanno with good success, xxiii. 37.

——, Gracchus, Tib., plebeian tribune, although at enmity with Scipio Africanus, stops the prosecution against him, and receives thanks from the senate for his honourable conduct, xxxviii. 53. Prevents the imprisonment of L. Scipio, 60.

——, ——, commissioner of a colony, xxxix. 55. Prætor, xl. 35. Consul, xli. 8. Triumphs over the Celtiberians, 7.

——, Longus, Tib., son of Caius, commissioner of religious affairs, xxvii. 6. Prætor, xxxiii. 24. Consul, xxxiv. 42. Informs the senate of an insurrection in Liguria, 56.

——, Musca, Tib., commissioner of lands, xlv. 13.

Sena, colony, xxvii. 46.

Senate, instituted by Romans, consisting of one hundred members, called Patres, and their descendants, Patricians, i. 8. Why called Conscript Fathers, ii. 1. Their number augmented on the destruction of Alba, i. 17, 30; to two hundred and to three hundred by the first Tarquinius, called Fathers of Inferior Birth, 35. Is diminished by the cruelty of Tarquinius the Proud, 49; and filled up by Brutus, ii. 1. Chiefs of the Albans chosen into the senate, i. 30. The first mention by Livy of a plebeian senator, v. 12. Appius Claudius procures the admission of sons of freed-men into the senate, but this practice is not followed, ix. 46. The rule altered, which required the senate’s previous approbation of a law, before it was passed by the people, i. 17. Senators chosen first by the kings, 8, 30, 35; afterwards by the consuls, ii. 1. and from the year 300, by the censors, iv. 8. After the battle of Cannæ, a dictator created to choose the senate, xxiii. 22. Prince of the senate generally the member alive who had been censor first, xxvii. 11. This rule not always observed, 13. A particular place assigned to senators at the public shows, xxxiv. 54. Decrees of the senate first kept by the ædiles in the temple of Ceres, iii. 55. Afterwards in the treasury, 9. Decree of the last necessity, 4. Senators forbidden to deal in merchandise, xxi. 63. Liable to a fine for non-attendance, iii. 38. Judgment of the senate, auctoritas, iv. 57.

Senones, people of Gaul, advance to Clusium, and to Rome, v. 35. See Gauls. Surround and cut to pieces a Roman legion, x. 26.

Sentina, x. 27, 30.

Sepinum taken by L. Papirius, x. 44, 45.

Seppius Lesius, the last Campanian who was chief magistrate at Capua, xxvi. 6, 13.

Sergia, practised in poisoning, put to death by a dose of her own composition, iv. 18.

Sergius, C., consular tribune, vi. 5. Again, 11. A third time, 27.

——, L., carrying an offering to Delphi, taken by pirates, and dismissed, v. 28.

——, Fidenas, L., military tribune, v. 16. Consul, 17. Consular tribune, 25. A second time consul, 30. A second time consular tribune, 35. A third time, 45.

——, —— ——, consular tribune, iv. 35.

——, Manlius, decemvir, iii. 35.

——, Fidenas, Man., consular tribune, iv. 61. Again, v. 8. On his camp being attacked by the Faliscians, he chooses to be vanquished by the enemy, rather than send to his colleague for succour, for which he is brought to trial, 11, and fined, 12.

——, Man., military tribune, assists in the taking of Locri, xxix. 6. Is scourged by Pleminius, and put to death, 9.

——, Silus, Man., prætor, when the number was increased to six, xxxii. 27. Lieutenant-general, xliv. 30.

Serrhium, fort, taken by Philip, xxxi. 16.

Servilii, Albans, chosen into the senate by Tullius Hostilius, i. 30.

Servilius, C., commissioner of lands, obliged to fly by an inroad of the Boians, xxi. 25.

——, ——, consul, ii. 49.

——, ——, consular tribune, contending with his colleagues, submits to the advice of his father, iv. 45.

——, Ahala, C., master of horse, kills Mælius, iv. 13, 14. Is commended by the dictator, 15. Made consul, 30. Consular tribune, 56. Master of horse, and a second time consular tribune, 57. A third time, v. 8. In obedience to the will of the senate, he obliges his colleagues to abdicate, 9.

Servilius Ahala, C., master of horse, vi. 2.

——, C., commissioner for conducting a colony to Placentia, is seized by the Gauls, xxi. 25; and sixteen years after is delivered, and brought home by his son, xxx. 19.

——, ——, son of the preceding, lieutenant-general, throws supplies into the citadel of Tarentum, xxiv. 15. Is made pontiff, xxvii. 6. Plebeian ædile, 21. Master of horse, and curule ædile, 33, 36. Prætor, xxviii. 10, 46. Consul, xxix. 38; xxx. 1. Liberates and brings home his father, xxx. 19. Dictator, 39. Chief pontiff, xxxix. 46. Is ordered to find out expiations in time of a pestilence, xl. 37. Dies, 42.

——, Casca, C., plebeian tribune, xxiv. 3.

——, Cæpio, Cn., pontiff, xxiv. 2. Curule ædile, xxviii. 10. Prætor, xxxviii. 46. Consul, xxix. 38; xxx. 1. Goes over to Sicily in pursuit of Hannibal, but is recalled by a dictator appointed for the purpose, 24. Dies, xli. 21.

——, Geminus, Cn.,. consul, xxi. 57; xxii. 1. He ravages the island of Maninx, 31. Follows the plan of Fabius in conducting the war, 32, 43. Is slain at Cannæ, 49.

——, Structus, L., consular tribune, iv. 47.

——, M., augur, xxvi. 23. Curule ædile, xxix. 38. Master of horse, xxx. 24. Consul, 26, 27. Is continued in command, 41. His speech in favour of Æmilius Paullus, xlv. 37, &c.

——, M., military tribune, xl. 27. Pontiff, xliii. 11.

——, Geminus, M., master of horse, xxx. 24, 27. Commissioner of lands, xxxi. 4. Of a colony, xxxii. 29.

——, P., consul, ii. 21. Not pleasing either to the patricians or plebeians, 27.

——, ——, consul, iii. 6. Dies, 7.

——, Q., consul, ii. 6. Again; and is sent against the Æquans, iii. 2.

——, ——, quæstor, prosecutes M. Volscius for false evidence against Cæso, iii. 24.

——, Priscus, Q., dictator, iv. 21. Routs the Etrurians, and takes Fidenæ, 22. Calls on the tribunes to make the consuls name a dictator, 26. Is made dictator, 46. Defeats the Æquans, 47.

——, Fidenas, Q., consular tribune, v. 8. Again, 14. Interrex, 17. Consular tribune a third time, 24. A fourth, 36. A fifth, vi. 4. A sixth, 6.

——, Q., consular tribune, xi. 22. Again, 31. A third time, 36.

——, Ahala, Q., consul, vii. 1. A second time, 4. Dictator; he, by direction of the senate, vows the great games, and, after several services, abdicates, 11. Is made interrex, 17.

——, Q., master of horse, vii. 22. Consul, 38.

——, Sp., consul, repulses the Veians; is afterwards worsted by them, and saved by his colleague, ii. 51, 52.

——, Priscus, Sp., consul, vi. 31. Consular tribune, 38.

Servius Cornelius, consul, ii. 41.

——, Tullius, i. 18. Son of a prisoner taken at Corniculum, 39, and iv. 3. Advanced to the throne by the senate, 41. Marries his daughters to the Tarquins. 42. Institutes the census, 42; and closes the lustrum, 44. Is murdered, 48. His commentaries, 60.

Sestius Capitolinus, P., consul, iii. 22. Decemvir, 33.

——, P., a patrician, brought to trial before the people by C. Julius, decemvir, iii. 33.

——, ——, quæstor, iv. 50.

Sestos, or Sestus, on the Hellespont, xxxii. 33.

Setia, colony, vi. 30. Plundered by the Privernians, vii. 42; xxvi. 8; xxx. 14. Refuses supplies, xxvii. 9. Decree of the senate on the occasion, xxix. 15.

Setians inform of the revolt of the Privernians, iv. 1.

Sewer, great, constructed by Tarquinius the Proud, i. 55.

Sextilius, C., a plebeian consular tribune, vi. 30.

——, M., of Fregellæ, answers for eighteen colonies, that they would supply troops, xxvii. 10.

Sextius, L., plebeian tribune, iv. 49.

——, plebeian tribune, proposes laws concerning debts, concerning lands, and the admission of plebeians to the consulship, and prevents the election of curule magistrates, vi. 35. Being a tenth time tribune, he is made the first plebeian consul, 42.

——, Sabinus, M., prætor, xxx. 26.

Ships, long, or ships of war, v. 28.

——, light, xxi. 28.

——, transport, xxii. 11.

——, prætorian, or chief commander’s, xxix. 25.

——, beaked, xxviii. 45, 46; xxx. 10.

——, scout, xxx. 10.

——, conveyed over land at Tarentum, xxiv. 11.

Ship-race, annual, at Patavium, x. 2.

Shops of the silversmiths in the Roman forum setup to sale by Hannibal, xxvi. 11.

Sibaris, xxvi. 39.

Sibyl, i. 7.

Sibylline books, iii. 10; v. 13, &c.

Siccius, L., murdered by contrivance of the decemvirs, iii. 43.

Sicilians, their affairs regulated by Marcellus, xxiv. 40. They complain to the senate of Marcellus, xxvi. 29. The humble supplication of the ambassadors to him, 33.

Sicilian war, xxiv. 36; xxiv. 40. Strait, i. 2.

Sicilius, who had excited the Hirpinians to a revolt, beheaded, xxiii. 37.

Sicily, Æneas arrives there, i. 1. Corn is purchased there by the Romans, ii. 34. The Carthaginians first send an army thither, iv. 29. A fleet sent, as supposed by Livy, by the tyrants of Sicily, infests the Tuscan sea, vii. 25. The island is abandoned by the Carthaginians, xxvi. 40. Its affairs adjusted by Scipio, xxix. 1.