THE HISTORY OF CIVILISATION IN SCOTLAND.
Reading edition
Transcriber’s Notes
The cover image was provided by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.
Punctuation has been standardized.
Most of the abbreviations used to save space in printing have been expanded to the non-abbreviated form for easier reading.
Most remaining abbreviations have been expanded in tool-tips for screen-readers and may be seen by hovering the mouse over the abbreviation.
This book was written in a period when many words had not become standardized in their spelling. Words may have multiple spelling variations or inconsistent hyphenation in the text. These have been left unchanged unless indicated with a Transcriber’s Note.
Index references have not been checked for accuracy. Only references in this volume are linked in the index.
The symbol ‘‡’ indicates the description in parenthesis has been added to an illustration. This may be needed if there is no caption or if the caption does not describe the image adequately.
Footnotes are identified in the text with a superscript number and are shown immediately below the paragraph in which they appear.
Transcriber’s Notes are used when making corrections to the text or to provide additional information for the modern reader. These notes are identified by ♦♠♥♣ symbols in the text and are shown immediately below the paragraph in which they appear.
THE HISTORY
OF
CIVILISATION IN SCOTLAND.
BY
JOHN MACKINTOSH, LL.D.
Author of “The Story of Scotland,” “The Revolution of 1688 and Viscount Dundee,” “The Highland Land Question Historically Considered,” “History of the Valley of the Dee,” Etc.
A NEW EDITION.
PARTLY REWRITTEN, AND CAREFULLY REVISED THROUGHOUT.
Volume Fourth.
ALEXANDER GARDNER,
Publisher to her Majesty the Queen,
PAISLEY; AND 26 PATERNOSTER SQUARE, LONDON.
1896.