Volume 2 — INDEX

Prepared by David M. Matteson

Abbassids, court life, 197;

Syncretism, 313;

Third Estate and rule, 424

Abraham, Judah’s silver pieces, 237

Absolutism. See Dynastic idea; Politics

Abu Bekr, Puritanism, 304

Abu Hanifah, as jurist, 75

Academy, style, 345

Achikar, as Arabian, 208

Achmed, and Caliph, 426

Acosta, Uriel, expulsion, 317

Acragas, democratic triumph, 396

Actium, battle, importance, 191;

and Cæsarism, 423

Activity, waking-being and willed, 133

Actuality, and abstract thought, 144

Adiabene, Jewish state, 175, 198, 209

Adrianople, battle, effect, 40

Adventism, as type of second religiousness, 311 n.

Æchylus, and being, 272;

and religion, 282

Ælius, Tripertita, 66

Agamemnon, as feudal, 374

Agathocles, and Mamertines, 160 n.;

Syracuse massacre, 406 n.

Agis III, revolution, 65

Agriculture, effect on man, 89;

farmhouse as symbol, 90;

modern, as technic, 479 n., 485 n.

Ahuramazda, as deity, 207 n.;

and Spenta Mainyu and Vohu Mano, 244 n.

Akhenaton, religiousness, 313;

revolution, 353

Akiba, legends, 250.

Aksakov, Ivan, on Petersburg, 193

Al Alblaq, castle, 198

Alaric, historyless, 432

Albegensians, Manichæans, 260 n.

Albert of Saxony, as scientist, 301

Albertus Magnus, 291;

philosophy, 172 n.;

and Devil-cult, and technique, 502 n.

Alcibiades, and army, 406

Alcmæonidæ, and Athenian history, 336

Alesia, siege, 421

Alexander the Great, as follower, 88 n.;

political character of empire, 174 n.;

divine descent, 314;

and polis, 383;

control by generals, 407.

See also Macedonians

Alexandria, as world-city, 99;

outbreaks, 198 n.;

as polis, 383

Alfonso X of Castile, work on planets, 316

Al Ghazali, deification, 314;

and science, 315

Ali, war with Othman, 424;

power, 426

Alien, and “proper” in sensation, 6

“All,” as word, 141

Al Maimun, Rationalism, 306 n.

Al Manzor, Christian, 260

Alp Arslan, power, 427

Alphabet. See Writing

Amasis, rise, 428

Amenemhet I, absolutism, 387

Amenhotep (Amenophis) IV, city, 101 n.;

religiousness, 313;

revolution, 353

Amenophis IV. See Amenhotep

American Revolution, effect in France, 411 n.;

cause, loyalists, 411 n.

Americans, as race, Indian influence, 119;

as people, creation of events, 165;

language and nation, 183;

and predestination, 305;

Civil War, 356, 369 n., 421, 488 n.;

fate of government, 416;

basis of reverence for constitution, 430 n.;

no yeomanry, 449 n.;

party and political machine, 450–452;

economics and politics, 475

Ammonius Saccas, conversion, 176

Amoraim, period, 71, 250;

and commentary, 247

Amos, as Arabian prophet, 205

Analysis, and double-entry book-keeping, 490

Anastasius I, demonstration against, 381 n.

Ancestral worship, Chinese, time-mythology, 286, 351

Ancient History, as term, 28

Angelico, Fra, frescoes and the Devil, 292 n.

Animal, essential character, microcosm in macrocosm, 3, 4, 15;

cosmic beat and tension, 4, 5;

cosmic organs, blood, sex, 5;

microcosmic organ, sense, 5, 6, 115;

sense and understanding, 6;

sight as supreme sense, 6;

being and waking-being, 7;

and language, 131–134;

and art, 133 n.;

involuntary technique, 499

Anselm, Saint, Arabian contemporaries, 250

Anti-Semitism, rationale, 317–321

Antioch, as un-Classical, 101 n.;

as capital city, 191;

as polis, 383

Antiochus Epiphanes, persecution, 210

Antony, Mark, Actium, 191, 423;

on Cicero, 433 n.

Aphrahat, epistles, 252 n.

Aphrodisias, Pagan conversion, 259

Apocalyptic, predecessors of Mohammed, 204;

related Arabian, 204–207, 209;

Arabian development, 208, 245;

Jewish law and the prophets, 209;

end of Jewish, 211;

and Arabian awakening, 212;

Jesus’ teaching, 217;

and Resurrection, 218;

Paul’s attitude, 221;

as vision of fable, 237;

basis of writing, 245.

See also Religion

Apocrypha, elimination, 71, 248

Apollinaris, Monophysite, 257

Apollonian cult, and body, 283;

and Tyrannis, 386

Apollonius, as biographer, 252

Apologists, period, 71, 250

Apostles, fictitious authorships, 72 n. See also Gospels

Appius Claudius. See Claudius

Arabian Culture, historic, 27;

problems of study, 38;

as discovery, 42;

relation to other Cultures, midmost, 42, 87, 190, 235;

landscape, 42;

Islam, Civilization and Crusades, 43;

pre-cultural law, 75;

pre-cultural tribal association, 175;

pseudomorphosis, 189, 191;

ignorance of inner form, partial study, 190, 191;

feudalism, 196–200;

Scholasticism and Mysticism, 200, 250;

scientific beginnings, 200 n.;

space-concept, cavern, 233;

time-concept, ordained period, eras, 238–240, 249;

future of nations, 323;

cognate family, 330;

dynastic idea, 330 n., 378, 379;

style of priesthood, 325;

relation of primary estates, 353;

political periods from feudalism to Cæsarism, 423–427;

political theory, 453.

See also Cultures; Islam; Jews; Pseudomorphosis; Religion; Roman law

Aragon, control by nobility, 373

Aramaic, and Christianity, 225;

as Jewish church-language, 252

Archæans, as name, 161, 164

Archaeology, as Western trait, 79

Archimedes, futility, 17

Architecture, Mexican, 45;

foreign effects of Western, 46;

cultural mixture, 87;

Minoan and Mycenæan houses, 88;

cosmic and microcosmic, 92, 93;

and dwelling-house, 120;

as religious and ornament, 123;

secular buildings and style, 123;

Romanesque soul, 180;

basilica and mosque, 230.

See also Art

Archons, urban, 374;

overthrow, 398

Areopagus, overthrow, 396

Argos, massacre, 405

Aristides, on Roman polis, 383

Aristocracy of intellect, as term, 166 n. See also Nobility

Aristonicus, and Blossius, 454

Aristotle, universe, 58;

and polis, 173 n.;

on Calani, 175 n.;

and commentary, 247 n.;

“Theology,” 248;

and Rationalism, 305;

corpus, 346

Arius, and substance controversy, 256

Armenia, conversion as state, 177, 253;

devil-worshippers, 236 n.;

nobility, 423;

sword-dynasty, 426, 428

Army, Byzantine system, 199;

professional, rise as political power, 406.

See also War

Arnold of Brescia, and reform, 296

Art, late Minoan and early Mycenæan, 87–89;

expression-language and communication-language, 116;

taboo and totem sides, in research, 118, 120, 121;

in animals, 133 n.;

and understanding, 133;

forms, 331 n.;

lack of Classical financial value, destruction, 487;

as counter-concept to native, 500.

See also Architecture; Ornament

Aryan. See Indogermanic

Asceticism. See Monasticism

Asclepiades, work, 252

Asclepiodotus, as Pagan missionary, 259

Asoka, religiousness, 313;

as Sudra, 333

Asosi, as feudal, 375

Assuan documents, 209

Assyrians, as rulers, 40

Astrakan, Judaic conversion, 259

Astrology, and Arabian time-concept, 238;

as late Classical fad, 310

Astronomy, Chaldean, 206

Asvagosha, Mahayana doctrine, 313

Atargatis, cult, 201

Athanasius, and Western dogma, 230;

and substance controversy, 256;

and reform, 296

Athens, and Alcmæonidæ, 336;

vis-à-vis: Sparta, 368, Tyrannis, 386;

overthrow of oligarchy, 396, 397

Athos, monasteries as Buddhistic, 314

Atreus, tomb, 89

Auaris, as capital, 428

Augustine, Saint, and Grace, 59, 241;

on Classical religion as true, 204;

Manichæan, 227;

dualism, 234;

community of the elect, 243;

on ruler, 379

Augustus, principate and monarchy, 50, 349;

and dyarchy, 432, 433

Aulard, F. Alphonse, on French Revolution, 399 n.

Aurelian, State religion, 253

Aureole, significance, 378

Aurignacian Man, conditions, 34

Austria, national origin, 182;

annihilation, 183.

See also Holy Roman Empire

Autarkeia, Rationalism, 307

Authority, and authorship, 248 n.

Authorship, and authority, 248 n.

Avicenna, Spinoza as heir, 321

Avidius Cassius, on Marcus Aurelius, 430

Axum, ignored history, 190;

feudalism, 197;

and Himaryites, 197;

stelæ, 234 n.;

State religion, 253

Aztecs, rule, 45;

and jurisprudence, 66;

and woman, 328

Baal cults, in Syncretism, 201

Baal Shem, Gnosis, 228;

as Messiah, 311

Babek, outbreaks, 424, 425

Babylon, as world-city, 99

Babylonian Culture, beginning, achievements, rulers, 39, 40;

and early Jewish law, 75;

and Arabian Culture, 189 n.;

and Chaldean, 205 n., 206 n.;

astrology, 238 n.

Bacchiadæ, and succession, 380

Bach, John Sebastian, Exekias as contemporary, 135 n.

Bacon, Roger, philosophy, 172 n.;

and the Devil, 290 n., 502;

as scientist, 301;

and technique, 502, 502 n.

Baghdad, as Islam, 95;

as world-city, 99, 425;

plan, 100

Balkuwara Palace, 100 n.

Banausos, notion, 332

Bank-note, status, 483

Banking, cultural basis, 493 n.

Bantu language, 142

Baptism, as impersonal, 293;

Luther’s concept, 299

Barcochebas, rising, 319

Bardas, power, 426

Bardas Phocas, power, 426

Bardesanes, period and task, 250, 257;

and substance, 255, 256, 258

Baroque, as microcosmic and urban, 92, 93;

science and Gothic religiousness, 270;

contemporary Jewish period, 316;

political aspect, 391, 405;

fifty-year periods, 392 n.

Barrack-state, 366 n.

Barter, in early Culture, 97, 480, 481

Bartolus, as jurist, 77

Baruch Apocalypse, fictitious, 72 n.;

dualism, 234, 248

Basel, Council of, and feudalism, 374

Basileios I, power, 426

Basileios II, and rule, 426

Basileios, chancellor, power, 427

Basileus, as feudal, 374

Basilica, and mosque, 230

Basilides, and substance, 256

Basques, race, 165

Basra, Ali’s capture, 426

Bavaria, as State, 182

Baxter, Jedediah H., on American race, 119

Bayle, Pierre, on understanding, 13 n.

Beast-deities, Classical, 276;

Mycenæan and Egyptian, 276 n.

Beat, and tension, 4;

and being, 7;

cosmic, in crowd, 18.

See also Being

Beatification, scientific, 346

Become, and understanding, 14, 15. See also Microcosm

Becoming, and understanding, 14, 15. See also Cosmic

Behistun Inscription, 166, 207

Being, as cosmic, and waking-being, 7, 11, 13;

peasant as, 89;

and race, 113;

upward series of utterances, 116;

and totem, 117;

and religion, 265;

and faith, 271;

and moral negations, 272–274;

and truths, 274;

and nobility, 335;

and idea of property, 343;

ultimate triumph, 435, 507;

and economics, 470, 471.

See also Cosmic; History; Politics; Race; Sex; Time; Waking-being; War

Bel temple, Palmyra, inscriptions, 206

Belhomme, Jacques, and aristocrats, 402 n.

Belisarius, as feudal lord, 350 n.

Beloch, Julius, on migrant minority, 164

Benedictines, as rural, 91

Bernadotte, Jean B. J., and Désirée Clary, 329;

rise, 406

Bernard of Clairvaux, Arabian contemporaries, 250;

on love of God, 266 n.;

and compassion, 273;

and Mary-cult, 288;

and contrition, 298

Bible, fixation of canon, 71, 248;

fictitious authorship, 72 n.;

law of early books, 75;

rise of fetishism, 299.

See also Christianity; New Testament; Old Testament; Sacred books

Biography, in Western Culture, 29;

and contrition, 294

Biology, and primitive history, 48;

and post-Civilization history, 48

Bismarck, Fürst von, dynastic government, 415;

flaw in leadership, 444

Blackstone, Sir William, Commentaries as Germanic, 78

Blake, William, “tiger” expression, 128 n.

Blood system, cosmic organ, 5

Blossius, influence, 454

Blumenbach, Johann F., race classification, 125

Boar’s-head attack, 199

Boas, Franz, on American race, 119

Boccaccio, Giovanni, and Classicism, 291 n.

Bodin, Jean, and law of nature, 78

Body, in Roman law, 67;

Classical concept and Western law, 81, 82;

and Classical cults, 283;

and polis, 384;

and Classical money concept, 486

Böhme, Jakob, and Western religious beginnings, 282

Boghaz, Keüi, archives, 167

Bogomils, iconoclasm, 304

Bollandists, and orders and schools, 346

Bolshevism, Tolstoi’s relation, as pseudomorphosis, 195;

cultural basis of fury, 321 n.

Bonaventura, Saint, and Devil-cult, 291

Boniface, Saint, as missionary, 56

Boniface VIII, pope, and Jacopone, 296;

Unam sanctam, 376

Book, expulsion by newspaper, 461;

as personal expression, 463

Book-keeping, double-entry as Western symbol, 490

Booty, and power, 344, 345, 347, 371, 372, 474

Borchardt, Ludwig, erroneous chronology, 39 n.

Borkman, John G., on resources, 486

Bosch, Hieronymus, paintings and the Devil, 298 n.

Bourbons, and world-history, 182, 336

Bourse, as cultural phenomenon, 484 n.

Boxer Rebellion, cultural basis, 321 n.

Bracton, Henry de, as jurist, 76

Brahmanism, Sankhara and Neo-Brahmanism, 315

Breed. See Race

Brentano, Clemens, “playing” with expression, 137

Breughel, Pieter, and the Devil, 289 n.

Brunhilde, as destiny, 329

Bruno, Giordano, and machine and Devil, 502

Brutus, M. Junius, as ideologue, 433 n.

Buch, Christian L. von, theory, 31

Buddhism, and Indian philosophy, 49;

and landscape, in China, 57, 312, 315;

and sport, 103;

and depopulation, 106;

Rationalism, 305, 307;

expansion, 308;

Hinayana and Mahayana, 312;

and Syncretism, 313;

deification of Buddha, 314;

and Neo-Brahmanism, 315;

and political theory, 453

Bunyan, John, and concepts, 303

Burdach, Konrad, on Renaissance and Gothic, 291 n.

Burghers. See Democracy; Town

Buridan, Jean, as scientist, 301

Burkard of Worms, and Devil-cult, 290

Burke, Edmund, on rights, 403

Burning of the Books, and Cæsarism, 433, 434, 463 n.

Bylini, hero-tales, 192

Byzantine Empire, and inter-Cultures, 89;

cult and nationality, State religion, 176, 178, 230, 243, 253, 258;

capital city as symbol, 191;

and feudalism, army system, 198;

literature and Arabian literature, 304;

and Crusades, 319;

nobility and priesthood, 353;

Sassanid pattern, 378 n.;

class-basis of political associations, 381 n.;

revolution in, 425;

Cæsarism in, 426.

See also Arabian Culture, Pseudomorphosis; Religion

Cæsar, C. Julius, ahistoric, 24;

monarchy and principate, 50;

divine descent, 314;

demagogy, money and power, 402, 457 n., 458, 459;

Gallic conquests, 408;

Triumvirate and Cæsarism, 423;

and forms, 431 n., 432;

killing by ideologues, 433;

tact of command, 444;

at Lucca, 446

Cæsarism, and second religiousness, 310, 386 n.;

and emperor-cult, 313;

transit to, as cultural destiny, 416, 429, 434;

era of great fact-men, 418;

defined, formless strife for personal power, 418, 431, 434;

character of war, 419–422;

ruthless peace, 422;

Classical evolution, 422, 423, 430;

in Arabian Culture, sultanate, 423, 426;

in Egypt, 427;

coming Western, and overthrow of money, 428, 506, 507;

and megalopolitanism and return of race, 431;

as end of great politics, 432, 434;

completed Roman, and ideologues, 432–434;

and passing of Culture, 435;

and private politics, 452, 464;

battle with democracy, 464.

See also Politics

Cæsarius of Heisterbach, and Devil-cult, 290

Calani, as term for philosophers, 175 n.

Calchas, and Classical religious beginnings, 282, 350

Caliphate, deification, 68;

yields to sultanate, 425, 426

Calvin, John, and Grace, 59;

as Gothic, 296;

and world-politics, 299;

and science, 300

Camden, battle, 412 n.

Canada, public-land survey, 101 n.

Cannæ, battle, importance, 191, 338

Canon, fixation, 71, 248;

as term, 245;

Arabian style, 346.

See also Bible

Canon law, development, 77

Capital, Western, as movement of values, 493;

Classical sort, 494.

See also Money

Capital city, domination, 95;

of Byzantine Empire, 191;

and primary estates, 356;

and State-idea, 377;

cultural basis, 381

Capitulations, origin, 177 n.

Caracalla, citizenship edict, and emperor-worship, 68

Care, family and State as symbols, 364;

legal modes, 365;

financial officialdom, 371

Carey, Henry C., and English economics, 469

Carmathians, outbreak, 425

Carolingian Renaissance, character, 87

Carthage, as Babylonian, 108;

in Classical Civilization, 323;

vis-à-vis Rome, 368;

economy and politics, 475.

See also Punic Wars

Caspian Sea, and intercultural relations, 41

Cassius, Spurius, and cult, 386

Caste, meaning, 332, 333

Castle, as totem, racial expression, 122;

and ornament, relation to style, 123;

talk, 153

Catchwords, as term, 401

Cathedral, as taboo and ornament, 122, 123;

speech, 153

Catholic, Western churches as, 223 n., 229

Catilinarian movement, financing, 402

Cato, M. Porcius (Censor), and Scipio, 411;

ruthlessness, 422

Cato, M. Porcius (Uticensis), rise, 409 n.;

courts and politics, 459

Catulus, Q. Lutatius, demagogy, 459

Caucus, as political means, 452 n.

Causality, human (microcosmic) type, 16–19;

and sex, 327.

See also Destiny; Intelligence; Nature; Religion; Space; Town; Waking-being

Cavern, Arabian symbol, and Chaldean religion, 206, 233, 238

Cecils, and English history, 337

Censorship, past and present, 463

Ceremonial, as expression-language, 134

Chacmultun, and Mexican Culture, 45

Chalcedon, Council of, substance controversy, 257;

and reform, 296

Chaldeans, as rulers, 40;

tribal association, 175;

religion and nation, 176;

cult in Syncretism, 201;

as term, 205 n.;

prophetic religion, 205, 209 n.;

and Babylonia, 205 n., 206 n.;

astronomy, 206;

astrology, 238;

oracles as canon, 245;

disappearance, 252

Chamberlain, Joseph, and political machine, 453 n.

Champutun, and Mexican Culture, 45

Chandragupta, Sundra, 333

Chang-I, Imperialism, 417, 419

Chang-Lu, church, 314

Charlemagne, and cultural mixture, 87;

and Devil-cult, 290

Charles I of England, and absolutism, 388

Charles IV, emperor, policy, 376

Charles Martel, as destiny, 192

Charondas, character of laws, 63, 64

Chartres, Arabian contemporaries of school, 250

Charvaka doctrine, 105

Chaucer, Geoffrey, and “virtue,” 307 n.

Cheirocracy, Classical, 397

Cherusci, importance of victory, 48

Chian, importance, 50;

power, 428

Chichen Itza, and Mexican Culture, 45

Chinese Culture, as historic, 28;

problems of study, 38;

transition to Cæsarism, contending States, 38, 40, 339, 416–419, 454;

date of beginning, 39 n.;

periods, cultural contemporaries, 40–42;

fate, 42;

end of real history, 49;

and Buddhism, 57, 312, 315;

basis of laws, 67 n.;

depopulation, 106;

nations under, 178 n.;

Tsin, 185;

and sacred books, 244 n.;

Manichæans and Nestorians, 260;

beginning of religion, 281, 285;

time mythology, 286;

dualism, tao, 287;

landscape as prime symbol, 287;

second religiousness and Syncretism, 312;

emperor-cult, 313, 379;

fellah State religion, 315;

ancient priest-estate, 350;

ancestry-worship, 351;

tao and priesthood, 352;

relation of primary estates, 352;

world-power idea, 373;

feudalism and interregnum, 375;

dynasty-idea, 379;

Fronde in, 386;

period of protectors, 387;

Cæsarism and ideologues, 434;

status of early coins, 481 n.;

bank notes, 483;

money concept, 486, 489 n.;

and technique, 501 n.

See also Culture

Chinese language, voice-differentiations, 140 n.;

written and spoken, 145, 151;

standard script, 152

Chios, and slaves, 488

Chivalry, Arabian, 198;

and compassion as contemporary, 273

Chlysti, doctrines, 278

Chmenotep, inscriptions, 387

Chosen People, as common Arabian idea, 207

Chosroës Nushirvan, and Mazdak, 261

Chóu dynasty, residence, 92;

fall, 376;

money concept, 489 n.

Christ, as name, 219 n.

Christian Science, as fad, 310

Christianity, Arabian and Western, form and soul, 59, 235, 237, 258;

period of Apologists, 71;

of Fathers, 71;

effect of Justinian, 74;

Corpus Juris Canonici, 77;

and Arabian nations, 177;

nationalism and persecutions, 177;

Arabian, and chivalry, 198;

Jesus-cult and Syncretism, 201, 220, 252;

and Hellenism, 203, 204;

Jesus’ life and biography as central point, 212;

and Arabian apocalyptic literature, 212;

and Turfan manuscripts, 213 n.;

and Mandæanism of John the Baptist, 214;

self-view of Jesus as prophet and Messiah, townlessness, 215;

Jesus and Pilate, symbolism, 216, 473 n.;

Jesus and pure metaphysics, 217;

effect of Resurrection, Messiah, 218;

Arabian cult-nationality and world salvation, 219, 220;

Paul and Church, 220, 221;

Paul and urban intellect, westward trend, 221;

Old Testament and canon, 221, 225, 226, 228, 245;

Mark Gospel, 223;

cults, Mary-cult, 223;

Greek and Latin as languages, 224, 241 n., 252;

John Gospel, Mysticism, Logos and Paraclete, 226;

Marcionism and early Catholic Church, 227;

Arabian West and East division, 228–230;

architectural symbols of division, 230;

Arabian Logos and Jesus’ world-image, 236, 237;

era, 239;

and Judaism, separation, 251, 316;

early Eastern, 251 n.;

Eastern State religions, 253;

monasticism in Arabian, 254;

Arabian expansion, and inner contradiction, 255;

substance controversy and split, 255–258;

Greek, 257;

obligation to other missionarism, 259, 260;

end of Arabian theology, 261;

pre-period of Western, 277;

Western Mary-cult and Devil-cult, 288–292;

Western guilt and free-will, sacraments, 292, 293;

Western contrition, 293–295;

elements and effect of Reformation, 296–300;

present Russian, 495 n.

See also Manichæism; Monophysites; Nestorianism; Puritanism; Religion; Roman Catholic

Chronology, Arabian spirit, 27;

cultural, 39 n.;

Mexican, 44;

Arabian eras, 239

Chrysostom, John, and conflict of estates, 353 n.

Chthonian cults, 283, 286

Chufucianism, fellah character, 315

Church, and religion, 443 n.

Church and State, Arabian concept, 168, 174–178, 210, 242, 243, 253, 315, 317;

Roman law and established church, 177 n.;

and Arabian monasticism, 254;

lack of equilibrium, 336

Church of England, new transubstantiation controversy, 309 n.

Cicero, M. Tullius, rise, 409 n.;

on elections, 432 n.;

and party, weakling, 433;

and Divus idea, 433;

and killing of Cæsar, 433 n.;

and demagogy, 458;

and Trebatius, 458 n.

Cimabue, Giovanni, as Gothic, 291

Cineas, on Roman Senate, 409

Circus parties, as term, 381 n.

Citation, deeper meaning, 248

Citizenship, Caracalla’s edict on Roman, 68;

Roman, and polis, 383, 384;

Classical idea, 384

Citizenship, Roman, 166 n., 384

City. See Megalopolitanism; Town

City-leagues, Classical, 355

City planning, soulless chessboard form, 100

Civil War, American, defeat of aristocracy, 356, 369 n.;

and military art, 421;

as victory of coal-energy, 488 n.

Civilization, as term, 31 n.;

position of present, 37;

of Mexican Culture, 45;

exhaustion and historylessness, 48–51;

and microcosmic, 92;

and dictatorship of money, 98;

as tension, 102;

rootless forms, world-extension, 107;

inner stages, present Western, 109;

and style, 109;

survivals, 109;

superficial history, 109, 339;

and utilitarian script, 152, 155;

Jewish, in contact with Gothic, 317–319;

Jews in Western, 322;

economics under, 477, 484, 493;

final struggle, money and Cæsarism, 506.

See also Cæsarism; Cultures; Fellahism; Megalopolitanism; Politics

Clary, Désirée, as destiny, 329

Classes, and history, 96;

economic, 477.

See also Estates

Classical Culture, as ahistoric, and script, 24, 27, 36, 150, 152;

similarity of Mexican, 43;

end of real history, 50;

relation of Renaissance, 58;

Greek laws, 61;

and capital city, 95;

Civilization cities, 101;

Civilization and sterility, 105;

destruction and survivals of Civilization, 109;

nations under, polis basis, 173;

geographically-limited cults, 200;

and revelation, 244 n.;

fate in, 267;

beast character of deities, 276;

obscure religious beginnings, 281–283;

Orphism, Ascetism, 283;

outline of early religion, 283, 284;

Greek and Roman cults, 284;

later city-religions, 285;

personality-concept, 293 n.;

second religiousness and Syncretism, 312;

agnate family, 330;

ancient priest-estate, 350;

style of nobility, 351;

style of priesthood, 352;

position of primary estates, 353;

significance of colonization, 354;

city-leagues, 355;

capital and financial organization, 372, 383, 493–496;

and world-power, 373 n.;

feudalism and polis, 374;

first Tyrannis, 375, 386;

dynasty-ideal and oligarchy, 380, 381;

carpe diem, 383;

and war, 385;

inter-Tyrannis period, 394–398;

second Tyrannis, 405–408;

period of Cæsarism, evolution, 418, 422, 423, 430;

military technique of Civilization, 420;

trader-master period, 484;

money as magnitude, 486, 495;

money and land and art value, 487;

slaves as money, 488, 496;

and technique, 501.

See also Cultures; Polis; Pseudomorphosis; Rome

Claudii, and Roman history, 336;

social composition, 357

Claudius I, importance, 50

Claudius, Appius, and sons of freedmen, 166 n.;

and peasantry, 408, 410;

and consul-list, 409 n.;

and Punic War, 410;

reforms and demagogy, 458

Clausewitz, Karl von, inversion of phrase, 330 n.;

as military writer, 419 n.

Clearing-house, electrical analogy, 490 n.

Clement, Saint, period, 250

Cleomenes I, and helots, 396

Cleomenes III, fall, 65;

and Sphærus, 454 n.

Cleomenes, Alexander’s administrator, and speculation, 484

Cleon, as mass-leader, 448 n.

Clergy. See Priesthood

Climate, and man’s history, 39 n.

Clisthenes, and Homer, 386

Clock, as Western symbol, 300 n.

Clodius. See Claudius

Cluniacs, as rural, 92

Cluny, and reform, 296

Coal, and slaves, 488 n.

Code, Civil, position, 76

Code of Manu, on Sudra, 332

Coins, and “Money,” 481 n., 483;

as Classical symbol, 486;

Western attitude, 490

Coke, Sir Edward, and Roman law, 78, 365 n.

Collinet, Paul, on Justinian’s Digests, 70 n.

Colonate, end, 357

Colonization, significance of Classical, 354, 355;

cultural basis, 382 n.

Colonna, and Papacy, 354

Colonus, vassalage, 350

Colosseum, decay, 107 n.

Colour, symbolism in Western religion, 289

Comitia Centuriata, and money, 410;

and Punic War, 410;

supporters, 451

Comitia Tributa, and conquest, 410;

supporters, 451

Commentary on sacred books, authoritative chain, 247, 248

Common law, development, 76, 78

Community. See Consensus

Comnena, Anna, on crusaders, 89

Compass, Chinese invention, 501 n.

Compassion, and being, 273;

and chivalry, 273

Comradeship, and race, 126

Conception, as sin, 272. See also Sex

Condés, feudal force, 350 n.

Confession. See Contrition

“Confession of Peter,” 220

Confucianism, and “Persian” religion, 260;

as end of culture, 286;

Rationalism, 306, 307, 309;

Syncretism, 315;

and nobility, 357;

and Cæsarism, 434

Confucius, deification, 314;

on Hwang, 388

Congress of Princes, 38, 304

Connubium, cult basis, 69

Conrad II, emperor, feudal law, 371

Conscription, as phase of Civilization, 420;

as substitute for war, 428;

effect of World War, 429

Consensus, as Arabian principle, 59, 73, 210;

Arabian community of elect, 242;

and Arabian monasticism, 253;

phases of Jewish, 315–317, 320

Constance, Council of, and feudalism, 374

Constantine the Great, and Roman law as Christian, 69;

and Byzantium, 89;

and cult and nationality, 178, 230, 243, 253;

as prince and prelate, 204, 258;

and Nicæa, 257

Constantine VII, and Romanos, 426

Constitutio Antoniana, 68

Constitutions, incomplete system of written, 361;

written and living, 369;

doctrinaire government, 413–415;

foresight, 415 n.;

status of American, 430 n.;

character of German (1919), 457 n.

See also Politics

Consuls, origin of term, 374 n.;

beginning, 382;

and Senate, 409;

as forged ancestors, 409 n.;

and party, 451

Contemplation, cultural basis, 242

Contemporaneity, intercultural, 39–42

Contending States, period in China, 38, 40, 339, 416–419, 454

Contrition, Western sacrament and Arabian submission, and Grace, 240–242;

as supreme Western religious concept, 293, 295;

and happiness, 294;

effect of decline, 294, 298, 299;

as English idea, 294 n.;

and Luther’s faith-concept, 298

Conversion, and Arabian cult-nationality, 219

Copan, and Mexican Culture, 44

Corcyra, massacre, 405

Cordus, Cremutius, history burnt, 434

Corinth, royal succession, 380;

destruction, 489

Corporation, and Arabian juridical person, 174 n.

Corpus Christi, and thanksgiving, 293

Corpus Juris, position in Arabian Culture, 71, 74;

and Western law, 76–78;

and canon law, 77

Corpus Juris Germanici, development, 76–78

Corruption, political so-called, 458

Cortes, beginning, 373

Cortez, Hernando, force in conquest, 44 n.

Cos, style of school, 345

Cosmic, relation of plant and animal to, 3, 4, 15;

beat, feel, 4, 5;

organs, 5;

being, 7;

crowd and beat, 18;

and history, 23, 24;

in architecture, 92;

and sex, 327;

earth and universe, 392 n.

See also Being; Landscape; Microcosm; Plant; Race

Cosmogony, of Genesis, 209 n.

Cosmopolitanism, and intelligentsia, 184. See also Megalopolitanism

Costume, as expression-language, 134

Councils, spirit of Arabian and Western Christian, 59;

and pope, 374

Country, cosmic, 89;

relation to town, 91, 94;

as Gothic, 93;

historyless, 96.

See also Peasantry

Courts, Roman, and politics, 459. See also Jurisprudence; Roman law

Crassus Dives, M. Licinius, and money, 402;

Triumvirate and Cæsarism, 423;

politics and finance, 458, 459;

and court, 459

Credit-system, Western concept, 489. See also Money

Crete, Minoan art and Mycenæ, 87–89;

and ethnology, 129;

and Mycenæan beast-deities, 276 n.

Criticism, relation to science and history, 24

Cromwell, Oliver, Puritan manifestation, 302;

power, 389;

dictatorship, 390

Cross, and Tree of Knowledge, 180 n.

Croton, Sybaris, 303;

style of school, 345

Crowd and mob, cosmic beat, 18;

and Cultures, 18;

ethic, 342;

fourth estate, 358;

and leaders, 376;

rise of power, 399

Crusades, and Arabian Civilization, 43;

as rural, 97;

and nationalism, 180;

Jewish parallel, 198

Ctesiphon, school, 200;

location, 200 n.

Cujacius, and Roman law, 77

Cult, and dogma, cultural attitude, 200, 201;

technique, and myth, 268, 499.

See also Religion

Cultures, as beings, cosmic beat, 19, 35;

historic and ahistoric, 24, 27;

as basis of history, 26, 27, 44, 46–51;

primitive, character, 33, 34;

mutation, 33, 36;

primitive and pre-Culture, 35, 89;

comparative study, 36–38;

destined course, 37;

future, 37;

problems of study, 37–39;

and landscape study, 39 n., 46;

dating, 39 n.;

contemporary periods, 39–42;

inter-Cultures, 87–89;

and “return to nature,” 135;

and writing, 150;

relation of people, 169, 170;

and nations, 170–173, 362;

narrow circle of understanding, 280;

and religious creativeness, 308;

intercultural dissonance, race and time elements, 317–323;

passing, 435;

economic underlay, 474;

distinct economic styles, 477;

money-symbols, 486.

See also Arabian; Art; Babylonian; Chinese; Civilization; Classical; Economics; Egyptian; Fellahism; History; Indian; Landscape; Language; Mexican; Macrocosm; Morphology; Natural science; Politics; Race; Religion; Russian; Technique; Town; Western

Cumont, Franz, on old Persian religion, 207

Customs, purpose, 475 n.

Cuvier, Baron Georges, theory, 31

Cynics, Pietism, 308;

and Socrates, 309

Cyprus, massacre, 321 n.

Cyrene, massacre, 198 n.

Damascenus, John, as Al Manzor, 260

Damascius, as biographer, 252;

anchorite, 254

Damiani, Petrus, and Mary-cult, 288

Danai, as name, 161, 164

Daniel, fictitious, 72 n.

Dante Alighieri, and Devil-cult, 292;

and “virtue,” 307 n.

Darius the Great, Behistun Inscription, 166, 207

Darwinism, shallowness, 31;

palæontological reputation, mutation, 32;

and race determination, 124;

and genealogy, 180

Death, man and fear, 15, 16;

relation to light, 265;

as punishment, 272;

and Classical cults, 283;

hunger-death and hero-death, 471

Decemvirs, code, 65;

significance, 396

Dediticii peregrins, as class, 68

Dehio, Georg, on houses and architecture, 121

Deism, as technic, 306

Delbrück, Hans, on ancient armies, 40 n., 199 n.;

on migrant minority, 164

Delos, slave market, 489;

temples as banks, 493 n.

Demeter cult, Homer’s ignoring, 282;

and Pythagoreans, 282;

survival, 282 n.;

and sex, 283;

power, 290 n.

Demeter-Dionysus-Kore cult, in Rome, 386

Democracy (Third Estate), urban, 97;

relation to other estates, 334;

rise as contradiction, 355–358;

Plebs, 357, 408–411;

rise of Classical, 387;

Classical, in inter-Tyrannis period, 394–398;

rise as independent force, 398;

negative unity, 399;

and mob, 399;

nationalism, and unity, 400–402, 485, 506;

in England, 402;

class dictatorship, 403, 404;

and Parliamentarism, 416;

period in Arabian Culture, 424–426;

decay, 433;

and party, 449;

end, 463–465;

social and economic form, 478;

and machine industry, 504 n.

See also Politics

Democritus, atomic theory, 58

Depth-experience, Western, “I” as light-centre, 8;

and nations, 179;

as prime symbol, 288;

and gunpowder and printing, 460;

and technique, 501–504

Descartes, René, and doubt, 12

Destiny, and cosmic beat, 4;

and facts, 12;

human (cosmic) type, 16–19;

and natural science, 31;

in nations, 170;

faith, cultural basis of fate, 266;

and sex, 327, 329;

nobility as, 335, 336, 340;

States as, 363;

in war, 429, 434.

See also Being; Causality; History; Race; Time; Will

Deutero-Isaiah, Persian influence, 208

Devil-cult, development of Western, 288–291;

Renaissance and, 291;

and contrition, 293;

and Protestantism, 299;

Puritanism, 302;

and machine, 502, 504 n., 505.

See also Witchcraft

Diadochi, and Arabian Culture, 190;

struggle, 408

Diakrii, and Tyrannis, 386

Dictatorship, of class, money and Rationalism 403–405. See also Politics

Diels, Hermann, on Classical technique, 501 n.

Dike, age, 376, 378, 381

Dikhans, aristocracy, 353

Diocletian, distorted importance, 38;

and orthodoxy, 178;

and Nicodemia, 191;

army, 199;

era, 139;

Church and State, 243, 253;

Syncretism, 252;

feudalism, 349, 423;

fiscal machinery, 371, 496;

and economics, 480 n.

Diodorus, on Roman tenements, 102

Dionysiac cult, Homer’s ignoring, 282;

survival, 282 n.;

power, 290 n.;

and Tyrannis, 386

Dionysius I, executions, 405;

and army, 406;

and conquered territory, 407;

war technique, 420

Dionysius the Areopagite, fictitious, 72 n.

Diplomacy, contrapuntal politics, 381;

basis, 440;

and war, 440

Direction, historical, 361

Discovery, and Western history-picture, 28, 46, 501

Dispensation, and valuation, 267

Dispersion, Jewish, as misnomer, 210

Disraeli, Benjamin, Jew and Englishman, 320

Divorce, English reform, 64 n.;

civil and ecclesiastical conflict, 365 n.

Dodington, George B., on party loyalty, 403 n.

Dogma, and cult, cultural attitude, 200–202

Dominicans, as urban, 92;

and Mary-cult, 288;

and Inquisition, 291

Donellus, Hugo, and Roman law, 77

Doomesday-Book, 371 n., 372

Dorians, no nation, 173

Doric, as cosmic, 92;

name and migration, 161, 162

Dostoyevski, Feodor M., on Petersburg, 193;

and Russian soul, 194–196;

and Socialism, 218;

religion, 295 n.;

and money, 495 n.

Dracon, laws, 64, 65;

class law, 365

Drama, as urban, 93;

origin of Chinese, 286

Dreams, and cognition, 14

Druses, and Trinity, 237

Dualism, in Arabian Culture, 233–236, 244;

and substance controversy, 256;

Chinese, 287;

in moral, 341

Dukas, power, 427

Dukhobors, as manifestation, 278

Duns Scotus, Joannes, will and reason, 241;

and Devil-cult, 291

Dyarchy, Augustinian, 432, 433

Dynamics. See Force; Motion; Technique

Dynastic idea, Western, 179–183, 378, 381;

and overthrow of monarchy, language struggles, 183;

Arabian, 330 n., 378, 379, 423, 424;

basis, 336;

relation to priesthood, 337;

and officialdom, 371;

elements, 377, 378;

Chinese and Egyptian, 379;

Classical, and oligarchy, 380, 381;

union with and against non-estate, 386, 387;

European absolutism, 388;

statesmen as leaders, 389;

in Thirty Years’ War, 389;

in Fronde struggles, outcome, 390;

republic as anti-dynastic, 413.

See also Politics

Eastern Empire. See Byzantine Empire

Ebionites, origin, 220 n.;

disappearance, 252

Eckart, Meister, on Mysticism, 292;

and Devil-cult, 303

Economics, and writing, 152, 155;

classes and political estates, 333, 348, 477;

relation to politics, power and booty, 344, 345, 347, 474–476;

and learning, 347;

and estates, 356, 357;

and class-history, 367 n.;

material basis of English concept, 469;

not self-contained, 469;

English premisses of usual concept, 469, 479;

real, as physiognomic, 470;

and politics as sides of being, 470, 471;

“in form” as self-regarding, 471;

hunger-death, 471;

relation to family, 471;

significance of history, form-language, 472;

customary ethic, 472;

and religion, 473;

waking-being in, 473;

producing and acquisitive, 474;

under city life, 476;

morphology, 476–480;

production, preparation, and distribution, 478;

subjects and objects in classes, 479, 493;

no worker-class, 479 n.;

spring time of Culture, traffic in “goods,” and “possession,” 480;

status of dealer then, 481;

early small-scale traffic, 481 n.;

town life and trade, “wares” and money measure, 481–484;

fortune displaces possession, 483;

as urban, under Civilization, 484.

See also Money; Technique; Waking-being

Ecstasy, Arabian, 242, 244, 245

Eddas, and nature and history, 286 n.

Edessa, location, 200 n.;

and substance controversy, 256

Edinburgh, as intellectual centre, 305 n.

Education, universal, as instrument of press, 462

Egyptian Culture, as historic, 28;

problems of study, 38;

Hyksos Period, 38, 41, 428 n., 453;

date of beginning, 39 n.;

basis of law, 67 n.;

Minoan art, 88;

Civilization and depopulation, 106;

and sea-folk, 109, 122, 164;

alphabetical script, 152;

nations under, 178 n.;

beast-deities, 276 n.;

religion and way symbol, 279, 281;

Re religion as Reformation, 296;

Syncretism, 313;

early nobility, 350;

and genealogy, 351;

relation of primary estates, 353;

Pharaoh as Horus, 373;

feudalism and interregnum, 375;

dynastic-idea, 379, 380;

Fronde in, 386;

Middle Kingdom, absolutism, 387;

period of Cæsarism, 427, 435;

money concept, 486, 489 n., 491 n.;

financial organization, 495.

See also Cultures

Elections, as civil war, 415;

decay, electorate as objects, 432, 456, 463;

as political means, suffrage and technique, 447;

size and influence of electorate, 455.

See also Democracy

Electors, rise in Empire, 373;

and Thirty Years’ War, 388, 391

Electricity, clearing-house analogy, 490 n.

Elephantine documents, 209

Eleusinian mysteries, 203

Elkazites, origin, 220 n.;

disappearance, 252

Elxai, sacred book, 220 n.

Empedocles, suicide, 283

Emperor-mythology, Chinese, 286, 379

Emperor-worship, and law of creed-communities, 68;

Western and Eastern aspects, 203;

and Syncretism, 253;

Chinese, 313;

Cicero and, 433

Empire, as Germanic idea, 181. See also Imperialism

Engineer, as master of Western technique, 504, 505

England, development of law, 62, 75, 76, 78;

and dynastic idea, 183;

and Western religious concepts, 294 n.;

politics and predestination, 304;

property law, 371;

Normans and finance, 372;

Magna Charta and control by nobility, rise of Parliament, 373;

Puritan Revolution, 389, 390;

eighteenth-century class absolutism, 392–394;

Parliamentarism and democracy, reform, 402–404, 412, 412 n., 414;

politics, Rationalism and money, 403, 441;

and French Revolution, 411, 412;

cessation of yeomanry, 449 n.;

political flair, 451;

and conception of economics, 469, 479

Enoch, fictitious, 72 n.

Ephesus, Council of, and Christian split, 257;

and reform, 296

Ephors, and succession, 380

Epic, as rural, 93;

Russian hero-tales, 192;

Arabian period, 250.

See also Literature

Epicurus, cult, 314

Epimenides, as dogmatist, 282

Epistemology. See Knowledge

Epoch, as term, 33 n.

Equality, and party, 449

Equities, big-money party, 402;

creation, 411;

decay, 432;

and populus, 451

Equity, and statute law, 363

Eras, as Arabian idea, 239

Erckert, Roderich von, on Jewish type, 175

Erigena, John Scotus, world-concept, 242 n.

Essenes, tendency, 211

Estates, beginning, 280;

as term, 329 n.;

“in form” and cultural history, 330–332;

and residue classes, caste, 332–334;

and occupation classes, 333, 348, 477;

relation to non-estate, 334;

and society, 343;

build and course of Cultures, 347;

primary, and economy and science, 347;

relation to peasantry, vassalage, 348, 349;

end of primary, 357;

primary and existence of State, 362;

and laws, 364;

contest with State, 366;

final effort for rule, 385, 386;

and parties, 449.

See also Democracy; Nobility; Politics; Priesthood

Ethics, and truth, 144;

Jesus and morals, 217;

meaning of religious, 271, 272;

moral defined, negations and being, 272–274;

character of social, 273;

duality of moral, noble and priestly, 341;

custom-ethic, crowd, honour, 342, 343;

in economic life, 348, 472;

dual moral and law, 363.

See also Philosophy; Religion; Truth

Etruscan language, and Roman cults, 154 n.;

as Roman, 395 n.

Etruscans, as name, and people, 164;

no nation, 173

Eubulus of Athens, and finance, 372, 494

Eudaimonia, Rationalism, 307

Eugene IV, pope, insurgent faction, 381 n.

Euhemerism, 306

Evolution. See Darwinism

E’we language, 140

Exchequer, origin of term, 372

Exegesis. See Sacred books

Exekias, vase-painting, 135

Exilarch, position, 208

Expansion, political aspect of Classical conquests, 407. See also Imperialism

Experience, egoistic basis, 26

Expositio, of German law, 76

Expression, defined, 133

Ezekiel, Persian influence, 208;

and Talmud, 208;

revelation, 245

Ezra, and Talmud, 208

Fabii, and Roman history, 336

Factions, political, 448

Factory-worker, as agent of Western technique, 504

Facts, and truths, 11, 12;

as starting point of history, 47;

and politics, 368

Faith, defined, and intellect, 266, 269, 271;

and life, 271;

Luther’s concept and contrition, 298;

under Rationalism, 308, 309.

See also Religion; Truth

Falasha, as Jews, 176 n.;

as tribe, 348, 479

Family, and State, 329, 336;

cultural basis, 330;

relation of priesthood, 337;

cultural styles of nobility, 350, 351;

“in form” relation, 362;

inward experience, 365;

and economic side of being, 471.

See also Sex

Fan-Sui, character, 419

Fas, and jus, 72, 78

Fate, cultural attitude, 267. See also Destiny; Religion

Faustian Culture. See Western Culture

Fear, human, relation to invisible, 8, 12;

of death, 15, 16;

and “thou,” 133;

and speech, 133, 139;

and Arabian apocalypse, 212;

and religion, 265

Feeling, and understanding, 136;

language and domination of intellect, 144, 145

Fehbellin, battle, importance, 182

Fellahism, as post-Civilization residue, 105;

as term, 169;

of Arabian nations, 178;

and pacifism, 185, 186;

religious, 314;

rigidity, 362

Ferdinand V of Spain, dynasty-idea, 381

Feudalism, cultural contemporaries, 39, 40;

Arabian, 196–199;

Byzantine, 199;

vassalage, 349;

union of power and booty, fiscal machinery, 371, 372;

rise, idea, 371, 376;

Western national stirrings, 372;

rise of control by Western nobility, 372, 374;

world-power idea, Empire-Papacy contest, 373, 374;

Classical, and polis, 374;

decay, interregnum, 375;

economy, 477

Ficinus, Marcilius, and Devil-cult, 291

Fictitious authorship, significance in Arabian Culture, 72 n.

Fifty-year period, cultural rhythm, 392 n.

Finance, rise of officialdom, 371;

classical attitude, 383. See also Money

Finck, F. N., on word and sentence, 141

Firm, as Western symbol, 490

Flaminius, C., significance, 65;

conquest, 408;

consul-list, 409 n.;

and finance, 410, 411;

and party, 451

Flaminius, T. Quinctius, and political organization, 452

Flavius, Cneius, son of freedman, 166 n.

Force, alteration in concept, 307;

Western dynamic Rationalism, 309.

See also Motion; Technique

Foreign relations, unilateral law, 364–366;

in conflict of estates and State, 367;

importance of inner authority, 369;

as field of high politics, 440, 447;

war as primary relation, 440.

See also Peace; War

Form, being “in form,” 330;

of historical movement, 361;

family and State, 362;

Civilization and loss, Cæsarism, 398, 404, 406, 418, 431;

economic “in form,” 471

Fortune, as displacing possession, 483

Fourier, François, M. C., and English economics, 469

Fourth Estate, significance, 358. See also Crowd

Fox, Charles James, and French Revolution, 412

France, Anatole, on law, 64;

and moral, 272 n.

France, sterility, 106;

national origin, 182;

States-General, 373;

absolutism and Fronde, 388, 390;

impractical politics, 403;

financial and military rule, 415.

See also French Revolution

Francis of Assisi, and compassion, 273

Franciscans, as urban, 92

Francke, August H., Pietism, 308

Franco-German War, German bankers and French loans, 402 n.

Frangipani, and Papacy, 354

Frankish dynasty, notion, 379 n.

Fratres Arvales, end of records, 255;

rites, 314;

formal restoration, 433

Frau Holde, and Mary-cult, 299

Frederick I Barbarossa, and Henry the Lion, 180 n.

Frederick II, emperor, and finance, 372, 489

Frederick the Great of Prussia, and conscription, 420 n.;

tact of command, 444;

economics and politics, 475

Frederick William of Brandenburg, as real ruler, 389

Frederick William I of Prussia, and army, 415;

as politician, 443;

finance, 489

Frederick William III of Prussia, and army, 406

Freedom, rise of idea, significance, 354, 356, 358;

as negation, 456;

and money, 481 n.

French Revolution, and dynastic idea, 183;

political significance, 387;

struggle for internal control, 398;

not economic, 399 n.;

and mob, 400;

English ideas and practices, 403, 411, 412;

as unique, 411;

and set of incidents, 411 n.

Frobenius, Leo, on primitive Culture, 33;

on Arabian “cavern,” 233

Fronde, significance, 386, 404;

European absolutism, 388;

principle in Thirty Years’ War, 389;

struggle elsewhere, outcome, 390, 404;

period in Arabian Culture, 423

Fugger, city nobility, 356;

small-scale traffic, 481 n.

Function, Western money concept, 486, 489

Furniture, race in, 122

Gaia cult, 283

Gaius, Institutes, 67

Galba, unimportance, 50

Gallienus, mounted corps, 199;

historyless, 432

Gamaliel, influence, 209

Gao-dsung, and Nestorians, 260

Gathas, Gnosis, 228

Gelnhausen, cathedral art, 123

Gelon, and Syracuse, 382 n.

Genealogy, and fear, 265;

time-mythology, 286;

as Western-principle, 350;

and Chinese ancestry-worship, 351;

inherited will, 377;

and money, 449 n.

See also Dynastic idea

Genesis, influences, 209 n.

Georgia, State religion, 253

Germanic law, development, 75, 76

Germany, and Roman law, 76, 77;

and Western Civilization, 109;

dynasty and nationalism, 181–183;

politics, army, and administration, 415, 444;

character of constitution of 1919, 457 n.

See also Holy Roman Empire; Prussia

Gesture, as sign of language, punctuation, 134;

and words, 140 n.

Ghassanids, court, poetry, 198

Ghetto, as Jewish mode, 315, 317

Giotto, as Gothic, 291

Gnosis, and Chaldean, 176;

Eastern and Western forms, 228, 229, 250

Godwin, William, and Third Estate, 403 n.

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, and cosmic beat, 5;

historical attunement, 30;

form-fulfilment theory, 32, 32 n.;

on parts of a Culture, 37 n.;

on world-literature, 108;

form and untruth, 137 n.;

on German nationalism and poetry, 182;

on freedom, 267;

on confession, 295;

on doer, 442;

on book-keeping, 490

Gold reserve and standard, and credit, 491 n. See also Money

Golden Age, Classical, 239

Gomdan, stronghold, 197

Good, as evaluation, 241 n.

Goods, early traffic, 480

Goslar, cathedral art, 123

Gospels, fictitious authorship, 72 n.;

character, 212;

picture, 217 n.;

Mark, 223;

John, 226, 234, 244, 245, 250;

warrantry, 248

Gothic, as cosmic, 92, 93;

cathedral, 122, 123, 153;

and Baroque science, 270;

Renaissance as return, 291;

and personality, 293;

and Reformation, 296;

result on Jews of contact, 317–319;

and technique, 502, 503

Gould, Benjamin A., on American race, 119

Government. See Politics

Gracchi, importance, 47, 50;

and rural citizens, 384 n.;

financing, 402;

and money, 410, 494;

disorders, 423;

and Tribunate, 433;

and party, 451;

and political theory, 454;

and electorate, 457 n.;

and courts, 460

Grace, plurality of idea, 59;

as Arabian doctrine, 234, 241, 242;

Western concept, 292

Grammar, sentence and word, 141, 145;

and syntax, 142;

lost origin, 146;

and vocabularies as basis of linguistic families, 147;

Indogermanic, 148;

and writing, 149

Granada, as world-city, 99;

Jewish city, 316

Gratian, Decretum, 77, 290

Great Protectors, Chinese period, 40

Great Wall, contemporary, 41

Greek, as language of Christianity, 224, 252, 256;

as Roman language, 395 n.

Greek fire, purpose, 502 n.

Greek Orthodox Church, picture series, 116. See also Christianity

Greeks, no nation, 173;

as adherents of Syncretic cults, 176;

as Christian Church, 177;

modern security as Byzantine relic, 323

Gregory VII, pope, and world-power, 373

Gregory of Tours, history and Karamzin’s narrative, 192;

religiousness, 277

Groot, Jan J. M. de, mistake on Chinese religions, 286 n.

Grosseteste, Robert, philosophy, 8 n., 172 n.;

as scientist, 300

Gudunov {sic}, Boris, period, 192

Guilds, status, and tribal organization, 348

Gundisapora, school, 200;

location, 200 n.

Gunpowder, and printing, 460;

Chinese discovery, 501 n.;

and Greek fire, 502 n.

Habsburgs, and Austrian nation, 182;

and world-history, 336

Hadramaut, Axumite kings, 197 n.

Hadrian, legal edict, 66

Hague Conference, as prelude of war, 430

Halakha, Jewish and Christian, 221

Hallgerd, as destiny, 329

Halo, significance, 378

Halyburton, Thomas, on divine-given torments, 299 n.

Hamdanids, rule, 197

Hamilcar Barca, Spanish conquest, 408

Hammurabi, code, 75 n.

Han dynasties, 41;

fall, 314

Hanifs, Puritanism, 304

Hannibal, and Hellenism, 191, 422;

and border States, 408

Hansa, small-scale traffic, 481 n.

Haoma-drinking, 203, 207

Hasidim, sect, 255, 321

Hatshepsut, and Egyptian history, 434

Hauran, feudalism, 196

Heaven, Arabian and Western, 292;

Western and Russian, 295 n.

Hebrew, fate of spoken and written, 73 n.

Hegel, Georg W. F., and law of nature, 78;

and numbers, 269 n.

Hellenes, as name, 161, 173

Hellenism, as fellah, 185;

and Cannæ and Zama, 191, 422;

Paganism and Christianity, 203, 204;

materialism and myth, 310.

See also Pseudomorphosis

Helots, status, 322, 349;

attempt to emancipate, 357

Henotheism, Arabian, 201. See also Religion

Henry IV, emperor, contemporaries, 39

Henry VI, emperor, and world-power, 374

Henry VII of England, dynasty-idea, 381

Hermes Trismegistus, fictitious, 72 n.

Hermetic Pœmander, 213 n.

Hermetics, collection as canon, 247;

period, 250

Hermopolis, cult, 279, 281

Hero, and technique, 501

Herod, Hellenism, 211

Herodotus, on Persians, 167;

inaccuracy on Egypt, 333

Heroism, and race, 339;

hero-death, 471

Herrnhut, Pietism, 308

Hesiod, and Classical religious beginnings, 282

Hia dynasty, mythology, 286, 379 n.

Hiang-Sui, peace league, 429

Hidalgo, meaning, 342 n.

Hierocles, breviary, 252

Hijra, era, 239

Himaryites, history, 197 n.;

Jewish State religion, 153

Hinayana doctrine, 312

Hippodamus of Miletus, city-plan, 100

History, and cosmic and microcosmic, 23, 24;

adjustment to horizon, cultural aspect, 24, 25;

subjective basis, 26, 29;

cultural history-pictures, 27, 28;

Western Culture and infinite, 28;

irrational culminative division scheme, 28, 37, 55, 190;

Western Culture and individuality in historical attunement, planes, 29;

future uniform physiognomic, 30;

enlarged possibilities, restoration and prediction, 36;

Cultures and significance, 44;

true definition and treatment, physiognomic fact, 46, 47;

biological sense of primitive, 48;

and final objects, 48;

Cultures and historical man, 48;

exhaustion of Civilization and historylessness, 48–51;

actualization of the spiritual, 49;

intra- and intercultural, 55;

cultural plurality, soul and transfer of form, 55–60;

importance of negative cultural influences, 57–59;

cultural transfer of Christianity as example, 59, 60;

of Roman Law as example, 60–83;

city’s “visage” as, 94;

and classes, 96;

and Civilization, superficial, 109, 339;

and race, 116;

and writing, 150, 153;

relation to people, 165, 169, 170, 181;

and nations, 171;

and faith and science, 271;

and moral, 272;

of truths, 274;

Western sense, influence of contrition, 294;

in intercultural dissonance, 319;

sex war, 328;

cosmic-politic duality, family and State, 329;

“in form” estates and making, 330;

cultural tradition, 338;

being-streams as true, 339;

and State, 361;

as court, high decision, 507.

See also Being; Cultures; Destiny; Landscape; Nature; Politics; Race; Sex; Time

Hogarth, William, art sermons, 116

Hohenstaufens, results of fall, 181

Hohenzollerns, and Prussia, 182

Holy Roman Empire, significance, 181;

electorate, 373;

world-power and contest with Papacy, 373, 374;

decay, 376;

Thirty Years’ War, Wallenstein, 388–391;

provincial horizons, 392

Holy Synod, 278

Homer, urban language, 125 n.;

indifference to religion, 281;

feudal evidences, 374;

and talent, 486

Ho-nan-fu, as royal residence, 92

Honour, and class, 342;

as basic concept of ethics, 343;

in economic life, 472

Horten, Max, on popular Islam, 237 n.

Horus-hawk cult, end, 279, 373

Hou-li, as religious source, 286

House, Minoan and Mycenæan, 88;

farmhouse as symbol, 90;

megalopolitan, 99;

and architecture, 120;

as expression of race, 120–122;

as totem, history, 121;

and ornament, 121;

and family, 329;

political and economic expression, 471

Hsinan-tang, in India, 107

Hugo de St. Victor, Arabian contemporaries, 250

Huguccio, pun, 77 n.

Humanism, field, 291 n. See also Renaissance

Humboldt, Wilhelm von, on language, 117 n.;

and State, 366 n.;

on politics and literature, 439 n.

Hume, David, and economic thought, 403, 469

Hunac Ceel, rule, 45

Hunger-death, 471

Huns, Chinese repulse and Western attack, 41

Hus, John, and reform, 296

Huxley, Thomas H., race classification, 125

Hwang of Tsi, as protector, 388

Hwang-ti, rise, 38;

as title, 41;

cult, 314;

economics and politics, 475

Hybrias the Cretan, and carpe diem, 383

Hybris, doctrine, 282, 301

Hyksos Period, meaning, 38, 41;

preliminaries, 386;

and Cæsarism, 427;

as term, 428 n.;

and political theory, 453

Hypothesis, and usefulness, 144

Hyrcanus, Hellenism, 211

Iamblichus, and Pagan Church, Syncretism, 204, 252;

on divine substance, 256;

and numbers, 269 n.

Ibas, and substance controversy, 256

Ibn Sina, style of canon, 346

Ibsen, Henrik, and marriage, 105

Ice Age, man in, 33

Iconoclasm. See Images

Ilya Muromyets, hero, 192

Images, in Pagan churches, 204;

basis of worship, 256;

Arabian and Greek iconoclasm, 304, 425.

See also Monophysites

Immaculate Conception, as English idea, 294 n.

Immortality, cultural basis, 59. See also Death

Imperialism, Chinese, 38, 41;

Indian, 41 n.;

collapse of Roman, 42;

Calvin-Loyola struggle, 299;

political aspect of Classical conquests, 407;

cultural necessity, 422 n., 424.

See also Politics

Indian Culture, ahistoric, and script, 36, 150, 152;

problems of study, 38;

and Imperialism, 41 n.;

fate in, 267;

beginning of religion, 281;

Rationalism, 307;

style of priesthood, 352;

relation of primary estates, 353;

and world-power, 373 n.

See also Buddhism; Cultures

Indians, and Americans, 119;

gesture language, 140 n., 147

Indogermanic system, alien words, 148;

youth, question of grammar, 148;

effect of ahistoric Cultures, 150;

basis of coherence, 166;

and Persians, 166–169;

and Western genealogical ideal, 181

Industry. See Economics; Technique

Infinity, in Western Culture, 46. See also Depth-experience

Innocent III, pope, and world-power, 374;

as politician, 442

Inquisition, and Devil-cult, 291

Inscriptions, as taboo, 121 n.

Insula Feliculæ, 101

Intelligence, as tension, 102;

language as vehicle of dominance, 144, 145;

and race-traits, 166;

aristocracy, 166 n.;

and cosmopolitanism, 184;

Jesus and, 216–218;

Paul’s introduction with Christianity, 221;

Jewish period, 316;

and primary estates, 356, 357;

and Cæsarism, 433.

See also Causality; Knowledge; Rationalism; Thought; Town; Understanding; Waking-being

International law, and Roman jus gentium, 61. See also Foreign relations

Internationalism, as element of Jewry, 320

Interregnum, cultural period, significance, 375

Interrex, and oligarchy, 375

Inventions, Western, 501. See also Technique

Ionic, as microcosmic, 92

Ipsus, battle, importance, 422

Irak, slave-rebellion, 426, 428 n.

Irenæus, and Western Church, 229;

and commentary, 247;

period, 250

Irnerius, and Roman law, 77

Isaac Hassan (ibn Sid), as scientist, 316

Isaiah, as Arabian prophet, 205

Isidore, biography, 252

Isis cult, origin, 201, 310

Islam, as Puritanism, 74, 302–304;

and nationality, 178;

Logos, 236;

significance as term, 240;

community of elect, 243;

and substance controversy, 256;

Monophysites and starting point, 258;

missionarism, 259, 304;

earlier Arabian religions and success, 260;

as Arabian manifestation, 304;

fellahism, 315;

basis for endurance, 323;

political aristocracy of beginning, 424.

See also Arabian Culture; Mohammed; Religion; Sufism

Isocrates, and class dictatorship, 404

Israelites, tribal association, 175. See also Jews

Italy, union as Germanic dynastic creation, 181;

city-republic finance, 489

Ivan III, and Tartars, 192

Ivan IV, the Terrible, period, 192

I-Wang, contemporaries, 39;

and feudalism, 349 n., 375

Jabna, Council of, on revelation, 245

Jackson, Andrew, and party, 451

Jacopone da Todi, and reform, 296

Jainism, Rationalism, 307

James, Saint, Gospel, 223 n.

James I of England, and marriage-alliance, 389

Jansenists, Puritan manifestation, 302

Japan, cultural status, 49 n., 108, 323, 421 n.

Jason of Pheræ, politics, 407

Jehuda, Rabbi, period, 250

Jehuda ben Halevi, and science, 315

Jeremiah, as Arabian prophet, 205

Jerusalem, relation to Jewry, 204, 208, 210

Jespersen, Otto, on origin of language, 138

Jesubocht, Corpus, 75

Jesuits, as urban, 92. See also Loyola

Jesujabh III, on conversion to Islam, 260

Jesus, and ceremonial, 134 n.;

life and biography, 212;

and John the Baptist, Mandæanism, 214;

connotation of “Nazarene,” 214 n.;

self-view as prophet and Messiah, 215;

townlessness, 215;

before Pilate, faith and fact, 216, 473 n.;

metaphysical world, 217;

effect of Resurrection, 218;

romances of birth and childhood, 224, 237, 250;

world-image, and apocalyptic, 237, 239;

and submission, 240.

See also Christianity; Logos; Substance

Jews, creed basis of law, Talmud, 69;

jurisprudence, 71;

pre-cultural law, 75;

comradeship and race in European, 126, 127;

tribal types, 175;

ignored phases of religious history, 191;

crusade, 198;

Yahweh cult in Syncretism, 201;

Judaism as Arabian prophetic religion, 204–207;

effect of exile, apocalypse and Persian influence, 207;

Judaistic minority, Talmudic development, 208;

Exilarch majority, 208, 210;

law and the prophets as separate, 209;

post-exilic (springtime) increase, spirit, 209, 316;

Judea and Jewry, fall of Jerusalem as liberation, 209–211;

tendencies, rescue from pseudomorphic Hellenism, 210, 211;

end of apocalypse, 211;

Judaism and exclusive Messiah Christian sects, disappearance, 219, 220, 252;

Paul and Judaism, 221;

era, 239;

and revelation, 245;

separation of Christianity, 251;

missionarism, 259;

Mazdak reformation, end of theology, 261;

fellah-religion, 315, 323;

Arabian-type nationality and ghetto, 315, 317;

intellectual (Baroque) period, in Spain, 316;

spiritual character of period, 316;

Civilization period, results of contact with Gothic, 317–319;

race and piety phases of later antagonism, 318–320;

landless consensus and Western patriotism, 320;

fixed alien metaphysic phase, 321;

and Western Civilization, 322;

danger of dissolution, 323;

economic rôle, 481 n.;

and machine-industry, 504 n.

See also Arabian Culture; Religion

Jezidi, and Trinity, 236

Joachim of Floris, world-conception, 28;

Arabian contemporaries, 250;

and reform, 296

Job, Book of, character, 208;

and will, 242

John Gospel, 226;

Mani and, 227, 251 n.;

dualism, 234;

on God and the Word, 244;

as a Koran, 245;

and Old Testament, 245;

period, 250

John the Baptist, Mandæanism, and Jesus, 214;

order-community, 254

John Tzimisces, power, 426

Josephus, on Sadducees, 211

Judah, Abraham and betrayal money, 237

Judaism. See Jews

Judge of men, and speech, 137

Judith, as Arabian, 208

Jugurtha, power, 428

Julian, edict, 66 n.;

and cult nation, 176, 204;

as prophet, 204;

and Syncretism, 253;

and monasticism, 254

Jundaisapur, and Gundisapora, 200 n.

Junian Latins, 68 n.

Jupiter Dolichenus cult, 201

Juridical person, as Arabian concept, 67, 68, 174, 177

Jurisprudence, as late science, 66;

Egyptian and Chinese, 67 n.;

future Western, 80–83, 505. See also Roman law

Jus, and lex in Arabian Culture, 71;

and fas in Western Culture, 78

Jus gentium, Classical idea, 61;

as imperial law, 66

Justification by faith, and Western Rationalism, 309

Justinian, Arabian jurisprudence, 70 n., 71, 74;

army system, 199;

Digests as interpretation, 246;

and end of theology, 261;

Nika Rebellion, 381 n.;

conflict with nobility, 423

Kabbalah, and secret dogma, 247

Kalaam, and pneuma, 242

Kama-sutram, and sport, 103

Kanauj, as world-city, 99

Kant, Emmanuel, and numbers, 269 n.;

gloom, 295;

and Devil-cult, 303;

and Talmudic intellects, 322;

on marriage, 337;

and celibacy of science, 346

Kara Balgassun, inscription, 260

Karæi, as order, 255;

Puritanism, rise, 316

Karamzin, Nikolai M., narrative, 192

Karlsruhe, plan, 100 n.

Karlstadt, as Gothic, 296

Karna, and civil law, 210

Karo, Joseph, metaphysic, 321

Karramiyya movement, 424, 425

Karun valley, Mandæanism, 214 n.

Kassites, as rulers, 40

Khazars, conversion to Judaism, 259

Khuzistan, Mandæanism, 214 n.

Ki-Sung, dynasties, 379 n.

Kierkegaard, Sören, “playing” with religion, 137

Kinnesrin, school, 200

Kiur Zan, power, 426

Knowledge, waking-being and problem of epistemology, 14;

technical and theoretical, 25;

epistemology and destiny, 267 n.

See also Intelligence

Kobad I, and Mazdak, 261

Koran, as term, 244. See also Islam

Kung-Yang, on Middle Kingdom, 373 n.

Kwan-tse, and pre-Confucian philosophy, 300

Kwei-ku-tse, character, 419 n.

Labna, and Mexican Culture, 45

Labor. See Economics

Laity, vis-à-vis clergy, 333

Lakayata, system, 309

Lakhmids, court, poetry, 198

Lambert, Édouard, on Twelve Tables, 65 n.

Land, and Classical money wealth, 487. See also Peasantry

Landscape, necessity of study in man’s history, 39 n.;

of Arabian Culture, 42;

relation to Culture, 46;

and transfer of forms, 57;

and town, 90;

and race, 113, 119, 129, 130;

and language, 119;

and plant changes, 130;

and religions of Cultures, 278;

as Chinese prime symbol, 287

Language, and emancipation of understanding, 9;

of Civilization, 108;

defined, development, 114, 115;

and race and waking-being, 114, 117;

expression and communication, “I” and “thou,” motive and sign, 115, 133;

cult-colouring of prime words, 116;

and taboo, 116;

and speaking, dead languages, 117, 125;

independence from landscape, mother-tongue fallacy, 119;

essence, wordless, 131, 132;

essential element of relations of microcosm, 132;

phases of expression, extensiveness, 134;

evolution of communication, 134;

speech divorced from speaking, rigid signs as system, 134, 144;

“knowing” the language, complexity, 135;

set language and understanding, 135;

signs and meaning, relation to truth, 136, 137;

“playing” with expression, 137;

spiritual communion and silence, 137;

words, origin, incompleteness, 137, 138, 142;

vocal and verbal, 138;

name and word, 138–141;

opposite word-pairs, 140;

Chinese voice-differentiations, 140 n.;

grammar and sentence, relation to word, 141;

sentences and race, 142;

acquisition of words, 142;

verbs and thought-categories, 143;

abstract thinking and intellect and life, 144;

stages of history, 145;

lost formative history, 146;

as ancient class-secret, 146;

tempo of history, effect of writing, 147;

grammar and vocabulary, linguistic families as grammatical, 147;

alien words, 148;

as to Aryan, 149;

written and colloquial, 150;

morphology of Culture-languages, 152–155;

birth of cultural, popular talk and cult speech, 153–155;

city script-speech, 155;

and people, 161;

Persian, 166;

mother tongue and dynastic idea, 183;

and literary history, 190;

influence on Christianity, 224, 241 n., 252, 256, 258;

of Arabian religions, 252.

See also Literature; Race; Words; Writing

Lao-tse, Taoism, 307;

Pietism, 308

Lao-Tzu, and sterility, 105

Lassalle, Ferdinand, and class dictatorship, 404;

and English economics, 469

Latin, disappearance from legal life, 75;

and Western scholar-languages, 155;

and Christianity, 241 n., 258;

period, 395 n.

Latin-America, and Cæsarism, 435

Law, property as power, 345;

defined, 363;

as instrument of power, internal and external, 365–367.

See also Jurisprudence; Roman law

League of Nations, Chinese attempt, 38, 417, 429

Learning, separation from priesthood, 345;

priesthood and cultural form of profane, 345–347;

and nobility and economics, 347

Le Bon, Gustave, study of the crowd, 18 n.

Lechfeld, battle, 259

Leibniz, Baron von, and evolution, 31

Leiden, Papyrus, on Hyksos Period, 427

Lemnos, inscription, 122

Lenel, Otto, on Roman jurisprudence, 67

Lenin, Nikolai, as mass-leader, 448 n. See also Bolshevism

Leo III, emperor, legislation, 75, 357;

iconoclasm, 304

Leo V, and Theodore of Studion, 425

Leonardo da Vinci, and Gothic, 291

Leonardo Pisano, on accountancy, 489 n.

Leontini, destruction, 405

Lessing, Gotthold E., and German nationalism, 182;

and Rationalism, 305

Letter, as language-picture, 134. See also Writing

Levites, as term for priesthood, 175

Lex, and jus, Arabian, 71

Lex Æbutia, and present law, 62

Lex Canuleia, 69 n., 397

Lex Hortensia, 358, 396

Lex Ogulnia, and Plebs, 408

Li-Ki, ritual work, 312 n., 315

Li Si, standard script, 152

Li-Szu, and Wang-Cheng, 41

Li-Wang, problem, 38;

flight, 376

Libyan problem, 162

Lidzbarski, Mark, on Jesus as Mandæan, 214 n.

Lies, and set language, 136, 137

Life. See Being; Death; Sex; Waking-being

Light. See Sight

Limes, Great Wall as, 41

List, Friedrich, relation to property, 345;

and English economics, 469

Literature, rural and urban, 93;

of Culture and Civilization, 107;

German and nationalism, 182;

and cosmopolitanism, 185;

Arabian research, 190;

and language history, 190;

hero-tales, 192;

Arabian Minne, and epic, 198, 250;

Chinese drama, 286;

Byzantine and Arabian, 304

Livy, and polis, 383

Lo-Yang, as royal residence, 92

Locke, John, and Continental Rationalism, 308

Logic, and opposites, 141;

and truth, 144;

and history, 144

Logos, John Gospel, 226;

Pseudomorphic and Arabian, 229;

Jezidi view, 236;

Arabian indwelling of spirit, light-sensation, 236, 237;

alteration in concept, 307.

See also Trinity

Lombarda code, 76

London, as world-city, 99

Lorraine, as name, 161, 181

Louis XI of France, dynasty-idea, 381

Love, and cosmic beat, 166;

and religion, faith 265, 266;

and stability, 275;

cultural religious, 279;

and nobility, 351

Loyalists, American, 412 n.

Loyola, Ignatius, on moral, 272;

as Gothic, 296;

and world-politics, 299;

Puritanism, 302

Lü-pu-Wei, Syncretism, 312 n.

Lü-Shi Chun-tsiu, 312 n.

Lucca, Cæsar’s politics, 446

Luceres, tribe, 351, 382

Lui-Shi, and Wang-Cheng, 41;

as statesman, 418, 419;

tutor, 419 n.

Lukka, as name, 164

Luschen, Felix von, ethnological research, 129

Luther, Martin, as Gothic, 296;

as urban monk and schoolman, 297, 298;

and Devil-cult, 299;

lack of practicality, 299;

and science, 300

Lycurgus, laws, 64, 65

Lyell, Sir Charles, theory as English, 31

Lysander, and army, 406;

as victor, 422

Lysias, on speculators, 484

Macedonians, as rulers, 40;

schools and nationalism, 162 n.;

and Arabian Culture, 189.

See also Alexander the Great

Machiavellism, and factions, 448

Machine. See Technique

Macrocosm, animal’s microcosmic relation, 3, 4, 15;

man’s self-adjustment, 14.

See also Cultures; History; Microcosm; Morphology; Nature; Waking-being

Madrid, as provincial city, 99

Mælius, Sp., movement, 397

Magi, as term for priesthood, 175

Magian Culture. See Arabian Culture

Magic, technique, 268, 271

Magna Charta, and control by nobility, 373

Magnesia, battle, 422

Magnitude, Classical money-concept, 486–489

Mahavira, Rationalism, 307

Mahayana, doctrine, 312, 313

Mahraspand, Mazdaism, 251

Maimon, Solomon, and Kant, 322

Maimonides, Moses, world, 241 n.;

collection of dogmas, 315;

and Spinoza, 321

Ma’in, Kingdom of, feudalism, 196;

geography, 196 n.

Mamertines, as people, 160

Man, lordship of sight, visual thought, 7–9;

language and understanding, theoretical thought, 9, 10;

and fear of death, 15, 16;

destiny and causality types, 16–19;

refutation of Darwinism, 32;

two great ages, 33;

in primitive Culture, 33, 34;

effect of agriculture, 89.

See also Animal; Being; Microcosm; Sex; Waking-being

Management, American development, 82 n. See also Technique

Manchester School, and Rationalism, 403

Mandæanism, as redemption-religion, 213;

John the Baptist and Jesus, 214;

survival, 214 n.;

disappearance, 252;

order-communities, 254

Maniakes, Turk, 427 n.

Manichæism, and Chaldean, 176;

origins, 209, 251;

Logos and Paraclete, 227, 251 n.;

development, 251;

missionarism, 260;

Albegensians, 260 n.

Mannheim, plan, 100 n.

Manufacturer, as economic class, 478

Manzikert, battle, 427

Mar Shimun, prince-patriarch, 177

Marcianus, and dynasty, 379

Marcion, Bible and Church, 225–228, 245;

period, 250;

and reform, 296

Marcionites, era, 239

Marcus Aurelius, as episode, 171;

religiousness, 313;

and peace, 430;

Cæsarism and Stoicism, 434 n.

Marduk, as deity, 206

Marib, Congress of Princes, 197, 304

Marinus, as biographer, 252

Marius, C., and money, 410;

and Cæsarism, 423;

and party, 451

Mark Gospel, 223

Market, status, 91, 480

Marozia, as destiny, 339

Marriage, law, control over it, 78, 365;

Civilization type, 105;

defined, 344 n.;

“in form” relation, 362

Marx, Karl, and Marxism, and property, 344;

and party, 450;

and effective theory, 454;

end of influence, 454, 45 5;

and English economics, 469;

and economic classes, 478;

and value, 482 n.;

and work, 492;

in Russia, 495 n.;

on machine-industry as bourgeois, 504 n.

See also Socialism

Mary of England, and absolutism, 388

Mary-cult, Arabian development, 224;

victory at Ephesus, 257;

Western development, 288;

and contrition, 293;

effect of Reformation, 299

Materialism. See Rationalism

Mathematics, and religion, 268

Matthew Gospel, Judaic character, 220 n.

Maule, Sir William H., and divorce laws, 64 n.

Maurists, and orders and schools, 346

Maurya and Sunga dynasty, and Imperialism, 41 n.

Mavali, and revolution, 424

Maximilian I, emperor, and law, 76;

dynasty-idea, 380

Mayan Culture. See Mexican Culture

Mayapan, and Mexican Culture, 45

Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal, power, 389;

and Fronde, 390

Mazdaism, and chivalry, 198;

development, 251;

as State religion, 253;

missionarism, 260;

absorption, 260

Mazdak, reformation, 261;

and Karramiyya movement, 424

Mechanics. See Technique

Medes, as rulers, 40;

as people, 167

Mediæval History, as term, 28

Medici, city nobility, 356;

economics and politics, 475;

small-scale traffic, 481 n.

Medicine, as priesthood, 478 n.

Medinet Habet, relief, 164 n.

Mediterranean region, influence of climatic change, 39 n.

Medrashim, style, 346

Megalopolitanism, and nomadism, 90;

and country, 94;

development, and provinces, 98, 99;

absolute intellect, 99;

city planning, 100;

future Western, 101;

Classical inner-town, 101;

final phase, death, 102, 107;

tension, 102;

sport, 103;

and sterility, 103–105;

and uniform type, 108;

and language, 155;

and cosmopolitanism, 184;

phase in Jewry, 317, 318;

and Fourth Estate and mob, 358, 399;

and public opinion, 400;

and Cæsarism, 431;

and economics, 484.

See also Town

Megasthenes, on Calani, 175 n.

Mehlis, C., on Libyan problem, 162

Melfi, constitutions, 372

Memory, and the named, 140

Meng Tse, materialism and myth, 310, 312

Mercenaries, and Cæsarism, 428

Messana, democratic triumph, 396

Messiah, as common Arabian idea, 206;

of Mandæanism, 214;

attitude of Jesus, 215;

effect of Resurrection, 218

Metals, primacy, 500. See also Smith

Metaphysics. See Philosophy; Religion

Methodism, Pietism, practicality, 308

Mewes, Rudolf, on weather and war, 392 n.

Mexican Culture, development, 43;

violent death, 43;

reconstruction of history, 44, 45;

Civilization and Aztecs, 45;

jurisprudence, 66;

depopulation, 106, 107;

religious beginnings, 288;

fellah-religion, 315

Mexico City. See Tenochtitlan

Meyer, Edward, on Persian host, 40 n., 167;

on history, 47, 50;

error on Egyptian nobility, 350 n.;

correct Egyptian chronology, 427 n.;

mistake on Roman Cæsarism, 432 n.

Michael III, emperor, and Bardas, 426

Michelangelo, and Devil-cult, 292

Microcosm, animal as, in macrocosm, 3–5, 15;

sense as organ, 6, 7;

waking-being, 7;

and cosmic beat, crowd, 18;

and history and nature, 23, 24;

and megalopolitanism, 90;

language as essential element, 132;

and sex, 327;

and Western technique, 504.

See also Animal; Cosmic; Waking-being

Middle Kingdom, Chinese, and world-power, 373

Middle Kingdom, Egyptian, significance, 387

Middleman, as economic class, 478;

as economic master, 483, 484;

as agent of Western technique, 504.

See also Economics; Money

Migrations, and peoples, 162–165;

small bands, 163, 167

Miletus, style of school, 345

Mill, John Stuart, and Pascal, 273

Milton, John, and concepts, 303

Minæans, tribal association, 174

Ming-Chu, period, 40, 387

Ming-ti, as ruler, 41

Minnesänger, Arabian, 198

Minoan art, and Mycenæ, 87–89;

as Egyptian, 88

Mir, status, 348

Mirabeau, Comte de, on law of nations, 366

Mirandola, Francesco della, and Devil-cult, 291

Mirian of Georgia, State religion, 253

Mirza Ali Mohammed, Gnosis, 228

Mishnah, completion, 71;

development, 208;

as commentary, 247;

origin, 316

Missionarism, Arabian, 259;

Islam, 304;

Pythagorean, 307;

Jewish, 318

Mithraism, as military order, 198, 254;

in Syncretism, 201, 253;

and Essenes, 211;

liturgy, 213 n.;

provenance, 314 n.

Mithridates, cultural basis of wars, 318, 321 n.

Mitteis, Ludwig, on Constantine’s legislation, 70 n.

Mob. See Crowd

Modern History, as term, 28

Mohammed, predecessors as prophet, 204;

Paul’s analogy, 221;

as Logos, 236;

and consensus, 243;

revelation, 244.

See also Islam

Moh-ti, and property, 344;

and military technique, 421 n.;

and politics, 453

Mollahs, law-men, 71

Moltke, Count Hellmuth von, leadership, 444

Mommsen, Theodor, false history, 50;

on political character of Roman Empire, 174 n.;

misunderstanding of Cæsarism, 432;

and Varus’ defeat, 487

Monarchy. See Dynastic idea; Politics

Monasticism (Asceticism), Western rural and urban, 91, 297;

in Paganism, 204;

character and development of Arabian, 254;

Orphic, 283;

and orgiasm, 283;

sage, 307

Money, as urban, abstract, 97, 58;

and idea of property, 357;

rise as political force, and Rationalism, 401, 402;

in English politics, 403;

and class dictatorship, 404;

in Roman politics, 410, 411, 457–459;

Cæsarism and overthrow, 431, 433 n., 464, 506, 507;

and genealogy, 449 n.;

and democracy, 456;

in Western politics, and press, 460, 462;

and end of democracy, 463;

early status of coin as goods, 481;

beginning of concept as category, 481–484;

value-token and payment-medium, 483;

trader as master, 483, 484;

as power of Civilization, 485;

struggle against, 485;

and mobility, 485;

money-mass and value, 485 n.;

cultural symbols, 486;

Classical magnitude concept, 486, 495;

irrelation with Classical land value, 487;

Classical slaves as, 488, 496;

Western function-concept, book-keeping, 489, 490;

Western Culture and metallic, 490, 491;

and work, quantity and quality, 491–493;

capital, cultural basis, 493;

financial organization, cultural basis, 494;

Russian attitude, 495 n.;

struggle with technique, 505;

and Socialism, 506 n.

See also Economics

Monophysites, importance, 47;

creed basis of law, 70;

as nation, 177;

and Mary-cult, 224;

origin, 257;

and starting-point of Islam, 258;

missionarism, 260;

and reform, 296

Monotheism, relation to Arabian Culture, 201 n.

Montanist movement, 227

Morale. See Ethics; Spirit; Truth

Mormons, as people, 160

Morphology, of Culture languages, 152–155;

of peoples, 169;

of religious history, 275;

of social history, 348;

of economic history, 470, 476–480

Mortgages, Classical land, 487 n.

Mortmain, and established church, 177 n.;

in Egypt, 375

Moscow, character, 194

Mosque, and basilica, 230

Mother tongue, fallacy, 120;

and dynastic-idea, 183.

See also Language

Motherhood, “versehen,” 126. See also Demeter; Mary-cult; Sex

Motion, as problem of thought, 14–16;

Western concept and military art, 421;

money and mobility, 485.

See also Technique

Motive, and language, 133

Müller, Frederick, race classification, 125

“Mufti,” 71

Muktara, as capital, 426

Multiplication table, dynamics, 66 n.

Murtada, philosophy, 321

Music, basis of charm, 8;

in English Parliamentarism, 403

Musonius Rufus, and peace, 430

Mutation theory, and Darwinism, 32;

and Cultures, 33, 36

Mutawakil, palace, 100 n.

Mycenæ, and Crete, 87–89;

and beast-formed deities, 276

Mysteries, Classical, 203. See also Religion

Mysticism, Sufism, 176, 228, 242;

Arabian period, 200, 250;

John Gospel and Christian, 226;

longing of Western, 292;

of Rationalism and Pietism, 308;

Yesirah, 316;

fixed Jewish, 321

Myth, as theory, and cult, 268, 499;

relation to Greek, 284, 286;

time mythology, 286;

of Western springtime, 288–290;

modern ignorance of it, 290;

and Protestantism, 299

Naasenes, Book of, 213 n., 251 n.

Nabu-Nabid, overthrow, 207

Naganjuna, Mahayana doctrine, 313

Nahua, in Mexican Culture, 45

Names, and words, 138–141;

and spiritual change, religion, 139;

and the enigmatic, 139;

and sentence, 141;

and things, 148;

and people, 160;

and technique, 499

Napoleon I and Napoleonism, and dynastic-idea, 181;

and Désirée Clary, 329;

State-machine, formlessness, 404, 405;

army and personal rule, 407;

and military mobility, 421;

ruthlessness as victor, 422;

and Cæsarism, 428;

as destiny, 439 n.;

and tact of command, 444;

economics and politics, 475

Naranjo, and Mexican Culture, 44

Narses, expedition, 200

Nation, as term, 170, 362;

destiny, 170;

and city-building, 171;

separation, 171;

representation of minority, 172, 180, 183, 184;

character of Classical, 173;

of Arabian, 174–178;

of Western, 178–184;

of Chinese and Egyptian, 178 n.;

language basis, continued dynastic feeling, 183;

nobility as representative, 184;

cosmopolitanism, intelligentsia, and pacifism, 184;

peace and fellahism, 185, 186;

rise of idea, 385.

See also Politics; Race

Nationality, Arabian creed basis, 69, 168, 210, 253, 254, 315, 317;

Arabian cult, and world Christianity, 219

Natural science, religious basis, 13;

English type of causality, 31;

physiognomic, 31;

reputation of Darwinism, 32;

beginning of Arabian, 200 n.;

dispensation and law, 267;

Western Culture and practical mechanics, 300;

theoretical basis in other Cultures, 301;

as diabolical, 302;

Jewish, 316;

scientists as priests, 478.

See also Art; Nature; Technique

Nature, and cosmic and microcosmic, 23, 24;

adjustment to, cultural development and horizon, 25;

technical and theoretical knowledge, 25;

and peasant, 89;

of Rationalism, 305–308.

See also Causality; History; Natural science

Nazarene, connotation, 214 n.

Nebo, as deity, 206

Nebuchadnezzar, henotheism, prayer, 206

Nehardea, school, 200, 210;

as capital of Exilarch, 208

Neo-Brahmanism, 315

Neo-Platonists, dualism, 234;

and revelation, 245;

period, 250;

as order, 254

Neo-Pythagoreans, community, 204, 254;

and revelation, 245;

period, 250

Nephesh, connotation, 234;

soul stones, 234 n.

Nero, and elections, 432;

and ideologues, 434

Nestorianism, creed basis of law, 70;

as nation, 177;

and Mary-cult, 224, 257;

formative influences, 228;

church language, 252;

second-century beginnings, 252 n.;

missionarism, 260;

and reform, 296

New Testament, Marcion as creator, 226, 227;

Marcion and Catholic, 228.

See also Bible; Christianity; Gospels

New York, as world-city, 99

Newspaper. See Press

Ngi-li, as religious source, 286

Nicæa, Council of, Constantine and, 257;

substance controversy, 257, 276

Nicephorus, power, 426

Nicholas I, pope, and world-power, 373

Nicholas of Cusa, as Western, 316 n.

Nicholas of Oresme, as scientist, 301

Nicias, treaty, 385

Nicodemia, as capital, 191

Nietzsche, Friedrich W., and value of truth, 12;

and technique, 302;

on duality of moral, 341

Nika Rebellion, 381 n.

Nirvana, rationalistic concept, 307

Nishapur, and Gundisapora, 200 n.

Nisibis, Jewish defence, 198;

location, 200 n.

Nobility, primary estate, 97;

as State, 172, 180, 183, 367;

beginning as estate, 280;

relation to other estates, 334, 335;

symbolic significance, being, destiny, 335–337, 340;

and family, 336;

big individuals and tradition, 338;

dependence of politics on, 339, 440;

and “training,” 340;

moral, 341;

and idea of property, 343;

and learning, 347;

common cultural land-bound estate, 350;

cultural styles, 350, 351;

foci of feelings, 351, 352;

conflict with priesthood, 352–354;

Classical, and polis, 355;

city movement, effect, new type, 355–357;

and Third Estate, 356;

State rule by minority, 370;

and absolutist State, 400;

development of Roman political, 409–411;

and political Islam, 424;

and party-form, 450.

See also Estates; Feudalism; Oligarchy; Politics

Nomadism, pre-cultural and megalopolitanism, 89, 90

Normans, development of law, 75;

and finance, concept of money, 372, 489

Northcliffe, Viscount, and demagogy, 461, 463

Novel, as megalopolitan, 93

Novels, Justinians, 71

Number, and grammar, 146;

and religion, 268;

abstract, and abstract money, 481, 482;

and technique, 499

Numina, naming, 139

Objects and subjects, 369;

in politics, 441;

in economics, 479, 493

Occamists, and Copernican system, 301

Occupations, status of classes, and primary estates, 333, 348. See also Economics

Odoacer, historyless, 432

Oetinger, Friedrich C., Pietism, 308

Officialdom, common cultural development, 350;

rise of financial, 371;

Classical tenure and choice, 380, 383

Oigur realm, Manichæism, 260

Old Kingdom, as Gothic, 296;

money concept, 489 n.

Old Testament, and Christian canon, 221, 225, 226, 228, 245. See also Bible