II. SPECIES OF COCKROACHES

The cockroaches referred to in this paper are listed below. The currently accepted name for each species is given alphabetically by genus and species irrespective of its taxonomic affinities. Synonyms used by certain authors whose work we have quoted are given in brackets under the respective species; the synonymy is supported by the reference citation that follows each synonym. References to illustrations of certain species (e.g., Blaberus craniifer) that appear in the paper follow the names of the describers.

Agis orientalis Chopard Aglaopteryx absimilis Gurney diaphana (Fabricius) [Ceratinoptera diaphana Fabricius; Rehn and Hebard (1927)] facies (Walker) [Aglaopteryx devia Rehn; Princis (1929). A. diaphana (Fabricius) in records from Puerto Rico only; Rehn (1932b); Gurney (1937)] gemma Hebard [In Florida records = Ceratinoptera diaphana R. and H.; Hebard (1917)] vegeta Rehn ypsilon Princis Allacta similis (Saussure) [Phyllodromia obtusata Brunner; Zimmerman (1948)] Alluaudellina cavernicola (Shelford) [Alluaudella cavernicola Shelford; Chopard (1932)] Amazonina emarginata Princis Anaplecta asema Hebard azteca Saussure decipiens Saussure and Zehntner fallax Saussure hemiscotia Hebard lateralis Burmeister mexicana Saussure Aneurina tahuata Hebard viridis Hebard Apotrogia angolensis Kirby [Acanthogyna deplanata Chopard; Princis (1957)] Aptera fusca (Thunberg) [Aptera cingulata (Burmeister); Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] Apteroblatta perplexa Shelford Archiblatta hoevenii Vollenhoven Archimandrita marmorata (Stoll) tessellata Rehn Arenivaga apacha (Saussure) bolliana (Saussure) erratica (Rehn) floridensis Caudell grata Hebard roseni (Brancsik) [Heterogamodes roseni; Bei-Bienko (1950). "Polygamia" roseni is undoubtedly an erroneous citation of Polyphaga roseni, as there is no genus Polygamia (Gurney, personal communication, 1957)]. tonkawa Hebard Aristiger histrio (Burmeister) [Plumiger histrio (Burm.); Bruijning (1948). Hemithyrsocera histrio Burm.; Hebard (1929)] Aspiduchus boriquen J. W. H. Rehn [In Puerto Rico records = Aspiduchus deplanatus R. and H.; Rehn, J. W. H. (1951a)] cavernicola J. W. H. Rehn deplanatus (Saussure) Attaphila aptera Bolívar bergi Bolívar flava Gurney fungicola Wheeler schuppi Bolívar sexdentis Bolívar Atticola mortoni Bolívar Audreia bromeliadarum Caudell jamaicana Rehn and Hebard Balta godeffroyi (Shelford) patula (Walker) platysoma (Walker) [Temnopteryx platysoma (Walker); Hebard (1943)] quadricaudata Hebard scripta (Shelford) torresiana Hebard verticalis Hebard Bantua stigmosa (Krauss) [Derocalymma stigmosa Krauss; Princis (1957)] Blaberus atropos (Stoll) [Blabera fusca Brunner; Hebard (1917)] boliviensis Princis craniifer Burmeister (pls. 1, 2) discoidalis Serville [Blaberus cubensis Saussure; Hebard (1916)] giganteus (Linnaeus) (pl. 3) Blaptica dubia (Serville) [Blaberus clarazianus Saussure; Rehn, J. W. H. (1951)] Blatta orientalis Linnaeus (pl. 4) [Periplaneta orientalis; Hebard (1917)] (Shelfordella) lateralis (Walker) [Shelfordella tartara (Saussure); Princis (1957). Periplaneta tartara Saussure; Bei-Bienko (1950)] Blattella germanica (Linnaeus) (pls. 5, A, B; 31, F) [Blatella germanica; Gurney (1952). Phyllodromia germanica; Hebard (1917). Ectobius germanicus; Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] humbertiana (Saussure) [Blatta humbertiana; Phyllodromia humbertiana; Hebard (1929)] lituricollis (Walker) (fig. 7, A) [Blattella bisignata (Brunner); Bei-Bienko (1950)] schubotzi Shelford vaga Hebard (pl. 5, C, D) Buboblatta armata (Caudell) [Latindia armata Caudell; Hebard (1920)] Byrsotria cabrerae Rehn and Hebard fumigata (Guérin) (pl. 6) Cahita borero Rehn nahua (Saussure) Capucinella delicatula Hebard Cariblatta antiguensis (Saussure and Zehntner) cuprea Hebard delicatula (Guérin) [Blattella delicatula Guérin; Cariblatta punctulata (Beauvois); Rehn and Hebard (1927)] hylaea Rehn imitans Hebard insularis (Walker) landalei Rehn and Hebard lutea lutea (Saussure and Zehntner) lutea minima Hebard (pl. 7, A, B) nebulicola Rehn and Hebard orestera Rehn and Hebard punctipennis Hebard reticulosa (Walker) stenophrys Rehn and Hebard Cariblattoides instigator Rehn and Hebard suave Rehn and Hebard Ceratinoptera picta Brunner Chorisoneura barbadensis Rehn and Hebard flavipennis Saussure and Zehntner formosella Rehn and Hebard parishi Rehn specilliger Hebard texensis Saussure and Zehntner [Chorisoneura plocea Rehn; Rehn and Hebard (1916)] translucida (Saussure) Choristima sp. Choristimodes sp. Chromatonotus infuscatus (Brunner) notatus (Brunner) Compsodes schwarzi (Caudell) Comptolampra liturata (Serville) [Compsolampra liturata; Comptolampra is the original spelling, which is followed by Dr. K. Princis, according to Gurney (personal communication, 1959)] Cosmozosteria lateralis (Walker) Cryptocercus punctulatus Scudder (pl. 8, A) relictus Bei-Bienko Cutilia nitida (Brunner) soror (Brunner) sp. near sedilloti (Bolívar) (pl. 9) [Determined by Dr. A. B. Gurney from photographs.] Cyrtotria capucina (Gerstaecker) Dendroblatta sobrina Rehn Derocalymma cruralis (Stål) [Homalodemas cruralis (Stål); Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] lampyrina Gerstaecker porcellio Gerstaecker Deropeltis autraniana Saussure erythropeza Adelung melanophila (Walker) nigrita Saussure Diploptera punctata (Eschscholtz) (pls. 10, 36) [Diploptera dytiscoides (Serville); Princis (1950). Eleutheroda dytiscoides (Serville); Zimmerman (1948)] Dryadoblatta scotti (Shelford) [Homalopteryx scotti Shelford; Rehn (1930)] Ectobius africanus Saussure albicinctus (Brunner) duskei Adelung lapponicus (Linnaeus) [Ectobius perspicillaris Herbst, as used by Lucas (1920); Blair (1934)] lucidus Hgb. nicaeensis (Brisout) pallidus (Olivier) (pls. 7, C; 29, A) [Ectobius lividus (Fabricius); Ectobius livens (Turton); Kevan (1952); Princis (in Roth and Willis, 1957)] panzeri Stephens [Ectobius ericetorum (Wesmaël); Ramme (1923)] panzeri var. nigripes Stephens semenovi Bei-Bienko sylvester (Poda) [Ectobius sylvestris (Poda); Ramme (1951)] tadzihicus Bei-Bienko vittiventer (Costa) [Ectobius vittiventris (Costa); Ramme (1951)] Ellipsidion Saussure [Apolyta Brunner; Hebard (1943)] affine Hebard australe Saussure [Ellipsidion pellucidum (Brunner); Hebard (1943)] bicolor (Tepper) simulans Hebard variegatum (Fabricius) [Ellipsidion aurantium Saussure; Hebard (1943)] Epilampra abdomen-nigrum (De Geer) annandalei Shelford azteca Saussure conferta Walker conspersa Burmeister grisea (De Geer) maya Rehn mexicana Saussure mona Rehn and Hebard notabilis Walker sodalis Walker tainana Rehn and Hebard wheeleri Rehn sp. (fig. 7, B, C) Eremoblatta subdiaphana (Scudder) Ergaula capensis (Saussure) [Dyscologamia capensis Saussure; Dyscologamia wollastoni Kirby; Princis (1957)] scarabaeoides Walker [Dyscologamia piolosa (Walker); Princis (1957). Parapolyphaga erectipilis Chopard; Princis (1950). Dyscologamia chopardi Hanitsch; Bruijning (1948). Miroblatta silphoides Chopard; Hebard (1929)]. Escala sp. Euandroblatta palpalis Chopard Eublaberus posticus (Erichson) Eudromiella bicolorata Hebard calcarata Bei-Bienko Euphyllodromia angustata (Latreille) liturifera [Euphyllodromia decastigmata Hebard; Princis (1959)] Eurycotis bananae Bei-Bienko biolleyi Rehn [Eurycotis carbonaria Biolley; Rehn (1918)] caraibea (Bolívar) decipiens (Kirby) dimidiata (Bolívar) ferrum-equinum Rehn and Hebard floridana (Walker) (pl. II) [Platyzosteria ingens Scudder; Platyzosteria sabalianus Scudder and hence, by inference, Eurycotis sabalianus (Scudder); Hebard (1917)] galeoides Rehn and Hebard improcera Rehn kevani Princis lixa Rehn manni Rehn opaca (Brunner) Euthlastoblatta abortiva (Caudell) Euthyrrhapha nigra Chopard pacifica Coquebert Geoscapheus robustus Tepper Graptoblatta notulata (Stål) [Blatta notulata Stål; Hebard (1929). Phyllodromia hieroglyphica Brunner; Kirby (1904)] Gromphadorhina laevigata S. and Z. portentosa (Schaum) (pl. 12, A, B) Gyna kazungulana Giglio-Tos maculipennis (Schaum) [Gyna vetula Brunner; Shelford (1909b)] tristis Hanitsch Hebardina concinna (Haan) [Blatta concinna Haan; Blattina concinna (Haan); Bei-Bienko (1950)] Hemiblabera brunneri (Saussure) Henicotyle antillarum (Brunner) Heterogamodes krügeri (Salfi) rugosa (Schulthess) Holocompsa azteca (Saussure) cyanea (Burmeister) fulva (Burmeister) metallica Rehn and Hebard nitidula (Fabricius) zapoteca Saussure Hololampra bivittata (Brullé) chavesi (Bolívar) maculata (Schreber) [Aphlebia maculata Schreber; Harz (1957); Gurney (personal communication, 1959)] marginata (Schreber) punctata (Charpentier) [Aphlebia punctata Charpentier; Ramme (1951)] Hololeptoblatta sp. Homalopteryx laminata Brunner Hoplosphoropyga babaulti Chopard Hormetica apolinari Hebard laevigata Burmeister ventralis Burmeister Ignabolivaria bilobata Chopard Ischnoptera deropeltiformis (Brunner) (pl. 12A) [Temnopteryx deropeltiformis Brunner; Hebard (1917)] panamae Hebard podoces Rehn and Hebard rufa occidentalis Saussure rufa rufa (De Geer) schenklingi Karney Karnyia discoidalis (Brunner) Kuchinga hemerobina (Gerstaecker) [Phyllodromia hemerobina Gerstaecker; Rehn (1932)] remota Hebard Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard meridionalis (Brunner) Latiblattella chichimeca (Saussure and Zehntner) [Blattella chichimeca S. and Z.; Hebard (1932)] lucifrons Hebard rehni Hebard vitrea (Brunner) zapoteca (Saussure) Leucophaea maderae (Fabricius) (pl. 13) [Rhyparobia maderae; Hebard (1917). Panchlora maderae; Kirby (1904). Very probably "Blaberus" maderae is a careless reference to this species; Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] Leurolestes pallidus (Brunner) Litopeltis biolleyi (Saussure) bispinosa (Saussure) [Audreia marginata Caudell; Hebard (1920)] deianira Rehn musarum Rehn Lobolampra subaptera Rambur Loboptera decipiens (Germar) thaxteri Hebard Lobopterella dimidiatipes (Bolívar) [Loboptera dimidiatipes (Bolívar); Princis (1957a). Loboptera sakalava (Saussure); Hebard (1933a). Loboptera extranea Perkins; Hebard (1922). Princis (1957a) in erecting Lobopterella pointed out that only the nontypical variety of sakalava is identical with dimidiatipes.] Lophoblatta arawaka Hebard Macropanesthia rhinocerus Saussure Mareta acutiventris Chopard Maretina uahuka Hebard Megaloblatta blaberoides (Walker) [Megaloblatta rufipes Dohrn; Hebard (1920)] Megamareta verticalis Hebard Melanosilpha capensis Saussure and Zehntner Methana canae Pope curvigera (Walker) marginalis (Saussure) Moluchia (?) dahli Princis Monastria biguttata (Thunberg) Muzoa madida Rehn Myrmeblattina longipes (Chopard) Myrmecoblatta rehni Mann wheeleri Hebard Namablatta bitaeniata (Stål) Nauclidas nigra (Brunner) [Poroblatta nigra Brunner; Rehn (1930)] Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier) (pl. 14) [Nauphoeta bivittata Burmeister; Zimmerman (1948)] flexivitta (Walker) [Nauphoeta brazzae (Bolívar); Rehn (1937)] punctipennis Chopard Nelipophygus ramsdeni Rehn and Hebard Neoblattella brunneriana (Saussure) [Blattella brunneriana; Gurney (personal communication, 1959)] carcinus Rehn and Hebard celeripes Rehn and Hebard detersa (Walker) dryas Rehn and Hebard eurydice Rehn and Hebard fratercula Hebard fraterna (Saussure and Zehntner) grossbecki Rehn and Hebard laodamia Rehn and Hebard nahua (Saussure) [Blattella nahua Saussure and Zehntner of Caudell (1914); Hebard (1920)] proserpina Rehn and Hebard semota Rehn and Hebard tridens Rehn and Hebard vatia Rehn and Hebard Neostylopyga rhombifolia (Stoll) (pl. 15) [Dorylaea rhombifolia; Rehn (personal communication, 1956)] Nesomylacris cubensis Rehn and Hebard relica Rehn and Hebard Nocticola bolivari Chopard caeca Bolívar decaryi Chopard simoni Bolívar sinensis Silvestri termitophila Silvestri Nothoblatta wasmanni (Bolívar) Notolampra antillarum Shelford Nyctibora azteca Saussure and Zehntner brunnea (Thunberg) laevigata (Beauvois) lutzi Rehn and Hebard mexicana Saussure noctivaga Rehn obscura Saussure sericea Burmeister stygia Walker tomentosa Serville [Nyctibora latipennis Burmeister; Hebard (1917, p. 263)] Oniscosoma granicollis (Saussure) Opisthoplatia maculata Shiraki orientalis (Burmeister) Oulopteryx meliponarum Hebard Oxyhaloa buprestoides (Saussure) deusta (Thunberg) Panchlora antillarum Saussure exoleta Burmeister fraterna Saussure and Zehntner nivea (Linnaeus) (pl. 16) [Panchlora cubensis Saussure; Gurney (1955). Pycnosceloides aporus Hebard; Hebard (1921c)] peruana Saussure sagax Rehn and Hebard virescens (Thunberg) Panesthia angustipennis (Illiger) [Panesthia javanica Serville; Hebard (1929)] australis Brunner (pl. 8, B) laevicollis Saussure lobipennis Brunner spadica (Shiraki) Parahormetica bilobata (Saussure) Parcoblatta americana (Scudder) bolliana (Saussure and Zehntner) [Kakerlac schaefferi Rehn; Hebard (1917)] caudelli Hebard [♀♀ of Ischnoptera insolita R. and H.; Ischnoptera uhleriana fulvescens S. and Z. (in part); Hebard (1917)] desertae (Rehn and Hebard) [♂♂ of Ischnoptera insolita R. and H.; Hebard (1917)] divisa (Saussure and Zehntner) [Ischnoptera divisa S. and Z.; Hebard (1917)] fulvescens (Saussure and Zehntner) [Ischnoptera uhleriana fulvescens S. and Z. (in part); Hebard (1917)] lata (Brunner) [Ischnoptera couloniana R. and H. (not Saussure); Ischnoptera major R. and H. (not S. and Z.); Hebard (1917)] notha Rehn and Hebard pensylvanica (De Geer) (pl. 17, A) [Ischnoptera pennsylvanica Saussure; Hebard (1917)] uhleriana (Saussure) (pl. 18) [Ischnoptera uhleriana Saussure; Hebard (1917)] virginica (Brunner) (pls. 17, B; 27, A; 33, C; fig. 6) [Ischnoptera borealis Brunner; Hebard (1917)] zebra Hebard Pelmatosilpha coriacea Rehn kevani Princis marginalis Brunner purpurascens (Kirby) rotundata Scudder vagabunda Princis Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus) (pls. 19, 35) [Stylopyga americana; Blatta americana L.; Hebard (1917)] australasiae (Fabricius) (pls. 20, 32) brunnea Burmeister (pl. 21) cavernicola Chopard fuliginosa (Serville) (pl. 22) ignota Shaw lata (Herbst) Perisphaerus armadillo Serville glomeriformis (Lucas) Phaetalia pallida (Brunner) Phidon (?) dubius Princis Phlebonotus pallens (Serville) Pholadoblatta inusitata (Rehn) Phorticolea boliviae Caudell testacea Bolívar "Phyllodromia" treitliana Werner Phyllodromica brevipennis (Fischer) graeca (Brunner) irinae (Bei-Bienko) maculata (Schreber) megerlei (Fieber) polita (Krauss) pygmaea (Bei-Bienko) tartara (Saussure) tartara nigrescens Bei-Bienko Platyzosteria analis (Saussure) [Polyzosteria analis Saussure; Kirby (1904)] armata Tepper bifida (Saussure) castanea (Brunner) novae seelandiae (Brunner) (pl. 23) [Periplaneta fortipes Walker; Shelford (1912); Platyzosteria novae-zealandiae] scabra (Brunner) Plectoptera dorsalis (Burmeister) infulata (Rehn and Hebard) lacerna Rehn and Hebard perscita Rehn and Hebard poeyi (Saussure) [Plectoptera floridana Hebard; Rehn and Hebard (1927)] porcellana (Saussure) pygmaea (Saussure) rhabdota (Rehn and Hebard) vermiculata Rehn and Hebard Polyphaga aegyptiaca (Linnaeus) [Blatta aegyptiaca L.; Bei-Bienko (1950). Heterogamia aegyptiaca (L.); Gurney (personal communication, 1957). "Polygamia" aegyptiaca; according to Gurney (p. c.), there is no genus Polygamia and almost surely the reference is to Polyphaga aegyptiaca.] indica Walker [Polyphaga pellucida (Redtenbacher); Princis (1957)] saussurei (Dohrn) Polyzosteria limbata Burmeister melanaria (Erichson) Pseudoderopeltis aethiopica (Saussure) [Blatta aethiopica Saussure; Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] Pseudomops cincta (Burmeister) [Thyrsocera cincta Scudder; Hebard (1917)] laticornis Perty septentrionalis Hebard Pseudophoraspis nebulosa (Burmeister) Pycnoscelus niger (Brunner) striatus (Kirby) [Leucophaea striata Kirby; Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] surinamensis (Linnaeus) (pl. 24) [Leucophaea surinamensis (L.); Hebard (1917). Blatta melanocephala Stoll; Kirby (1904)] Rhicnoda natatrix Shelford Rhytidometopum dissimile Princis Riatia fulgida (Saussure) [Lissoblatta fulgida (Saussure); Gurney (personal communication, 1959)] orientis Hebard Robshelfordia circumducta (Walker) [Escala circumducta (Walker); Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] longiuscula (Walker) [Escala longiuscula (Walker); Gurney (personal communication, 1957)] Salganea morio (Burmeister) Sibylloblatta panesthoides (Walker) Simblerastes jamaicanus Rehn and Hebard Spelaeoblatta gestroi Bolívar Sphecophila polybiarum Shelford ravana Fernando termitium Shelford Steleopyga (?) sinensis Walker [Dr. Gurney (personal communication, 1957) could not find a reference to this species. Walker described species named sinensis in three different genera of cockroaches, and it is uncertain which one this combination represents.] Stictolampra buqueti concinula (Walker) Styphon bakeri Rehn Supella hottentotta (Saussure) supellectilium (Serville) (pls. 25; 30, B-E; 31, A-E) [Phyllodromia supellectilium (Serv.); Bei-Bienko (1950)] Symploce breviramis (Hanitsch) cavernicola (Shelford) [Ischnoptera cavernicola (Shelford); Phyllodromia nigrocincta Chopard; Hebard (1929)] curta Hanitsch flagellata Hebard hospes (Perkins) [Symploce lita Hebard; Hebard (1922)] jamaicana (Rehn) kevani Chopard parenthesis (Gerstaecker) [Phyllodromia parenthesis Gerstaecker; Rehn (1932)] remyi (Hanitsch) [Ischnoptera remyi Hanitsch; Chopard (1938)] ruficollis (Fabricius) [Symploce bilabiata Rehn and Hebard; Princis (1949a)] Tartaroblatta karatavica Bei-Bienko Temnopteryx obliquetruncata Chopard phalerata (Saussure) Theganopteryx straminea Chopard Therea nuptialis (Gerstaecker) [Corydia nuptialis Gerstaecker; Princis (1950)] Tivia australica Princis brunnea (Chopard) fulva (Burmeister) macracantha Chopard obscura (Chopard) Typhloblatta caeca (Chopard) [Spelaeoblatta caeca Chopard; Chopard (1924b)] Typhloblattodes madecassus Chopard Xestoblatta festae (Griffini) immaculata Hebard