$NA (continued 44)

Peru 0 cu m (2008)

Philippines 0 cu m (2008)

Poland 39 million cu m (2008)

Portugal 0 cu m (2008)

Puerto Rico 0 cu m (2008)

Qatar 56.78 billion cu m (2008)

Romania 0 cu m (2008)

Russia 243.4 billion cu m (2008)

Rwanda 0 cu m (2008)

Saint Helena 0 cu m (2008)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 0 cu m (2008)

Saint Lucia 0 cu m (2008)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 0 cu m (2008)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0 cu m (2008)

Samoa 0 cu m (2008)

Sao Tome and Principe 0 cu m (2008)

Saudi Arabia 0 cu m (2008)

Senegal 0 cu m (2008)

Serbia 0 cu m (2005)

Seychelles 0 cu m (2008)

Sierra Leone 0 cu m (2008)

Singapore 0 cu m (2008)

Slovakia 186 million cu m (2008)

Slovenia 0 cu m (2008)

Solomon Islands 0 cu m (2008)

Somalia 0 cu m (2008)

South Africa 0 cu m (2008)

Spain 0 cu m (2008)

Sri Lanka 0 cu m (2008)

Sudan 0 cu m (2008)

Suriname 0 cu m (2008)

Swaziland 0 cu m (2008)

Sweden 0 cu m (2008)

Switzerland 0 cu m (2008)

Syria 0 cu m

Taiwan 0 cu m (2008)

Tajikistan 0 cu m (2008)

Tanzania 0 cu m (2008)

Thailand 0 cu m (2008)

Timor-Leste 0 cu m (2008)

Togo 0 cu m (2008)

Tonga 0 cu m (2008)

Trinidad and Tobago 17.36 billion cu m (2008)

Tunisia 0 cu m (2008)

Turkey 435 million cu m (2008)

Turkmenistan 48.5 billion cu m (2008)

Turks and Caicos Islands 0 cu m (2008)

Uganda 0 cu m (2008)

Ukraine 3.2 billion cu m (2007)

United Arab Emirates 7.567 billion cu m (2008)

United Kingdom 10.5 billion cu m (2008)

United States 28.49 billion cu m (2008)

Uruguay 0 cu m (2008)

Uzbekistan 15 billion cu m (2008)

Vanuatu 0 cu m (2008)

Venezuela 0 cu m (2008)

Vietnam 0 cu m (2008)

Virgin Islands 0 cu m (2008)

Western Sahara 0 cu m (2008)

World 980.4 billion cu m (2008)

Yemen 0 cu m (2008)

Zambia 0 cu m (2008)

Zimbabwe 0 cu m (2008)

======================================================================

@2184

Field Listing :: Internet hosts

This entry lists the number of Internet hosts available within a country. An Internet host is a computer connected directly to the Internet; normally an Internet Service Provider's (ISP) computer is a host. Internet users may use either a hard-wired terminal, at an institution with a mainframe computer connected directly to the Internet, or may connect remotely by way of a modem via telephone line, cable, or satellite to the Internet Service Provider's host computer. The number of hosts is one indicator of the extent of Internet connectivity. Country Comparison to the World Country

Internet hosts

Afghanistan 47 (2009)

Albania 14,245 (2009)

Algeria 510 (2009)

American Samoa 1,606 (2009)

Andorra 23,421 (2009)

Angola 3,508 (2009)

Anguilla 258 (2009)

Antarctica 7,758 (2009)

Antigua and Barbuda 7,421 (2009)

Argentina 4.906 million (2009)

Armenia 36,354 (2009)

Aruba 25,051 (2009)

Australia 11.756 million (2009)

Austria 2.992 million (2009)

Azerbaijan 7,045 (2009)

Bahamas, The 8,325 (2009)

Bahrain 51,489 (2009)

Bangladesh 4,209 (2009)

Barbados 235 (2009)

Belarus 113,115 (2009)

Belgium 4.367 million (2009)

Belize 3,017 (2009)

Benin 1,155 (2009)

Bermuda 15,548 (2009)

Bhutan 9,096 (2009)

Bolivia 105,031 (2009)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 69,370 (2009)

Botswana 7,341 (2009)

Bouvet Island 0 (2009)

Brazil 15.929 million (2009)

British Indian Ocean Territory 160 (2009)

British Virgin Islands 581 (2009)

Brunei 14,978 (2009)

Bulgaria 706,648 (2009)

Burkina Faso 1,951 (2009)

Burma 128 (2009)

Burundi 191 (2009)

Cambodia 2,480 (2009)

Cameroon 70 (2009)

Canada 7.193 million (2009)

Cape Verde 24 (2009)

Cayman Islands 21,428 (2009)

Central African Republic 21 (2009)

Chad 5 (2009)

Chile 877,817 (2009)

China 14.156 million (2009)

Christmas Island 2,598 (2009)

Colombia 2.217 million (2009)

Comoros 7 (2009)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 3,015 (2009)

Congo, Republic of the 18 (2009)

Cook Islands 2,480 (2009)

Costa Rica 34,066 (2009)

Cote d'Ivoire 9,822 (2009)

Croatia 1.23 million (2009)

Cuba 3,637 (2009)

Cyprus 185,451 (2009)

Czech Republic 3.233 million (2009)

Denmark 3.991 million (2009)

Djibouti 199 (2009)

Dominica 485 (2009)

Dominican Republic 280,457 (2009)

Ecuador 57,785 (2009)

Egypt 177,443 (2009)

El Salvador 8,177 (2009)

Equatorial Guinea 9 (2009)

Eritrea 1,307 (2009)

Estonia 706,449 (2009)

Ethiopia 136 (2009)

European Union 118,760; note - this sum reflects the number of internet hosts assigned the .eu internet country code (2009)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 90 (2009)

Faroe Islands 8,833 (2009)

Fiji 12,747 (2009)

Finland 4.205 million (2009)

France 14.327 million; 14,341,000 (metropolitan France) (2009)

French Polynesia 13,796 (2009)

French Southern and Antarctic Lands 44 (2009)

Gabon 91 (2009)

Gambia, The 895 (2009)

Georgia 104,243 (2009)

Germany 23.796 million (2009)

Ghana 23,850 (2009)

Gibraltar 1,955 (2009)

Greece 2.342 million (2009)

Greenland 14,134 (2009)

Grenada 42 (2009)

Guam 23 (2009)

Guatemala 132,049 (2009)

Guernsey 174 (2009)

Guinea 14 (2009)

Guinea-Bissau 82 (2009)

Guyana 7,116 (2009)

Haiti 9 (2009)

Holy See (Vatican City) 63 (2009)

Honduras 15,691 (2009)

Hong Kong 813,980 (2009)

Hungary 2.261 million (2009)

Iceland 272,201 (2009)

India 3.611 million (2009)

Indonesia 865,309 (2009)

Iran 45,678 (2009)

Iraq 11 (2009)

Ireland 1.303 million (2009)

Isle of Man 478 (2009)

Israel 1.544 million (2009)

Italy 22.152 million (2009)

Jamaica 3,961 (2009)

Japan 47.249 million (2009)

Jersey 219 (2009)

Jordan 28,896 (2009)

Kazakhstan 48,873 (2009)

Kenya 32,913 (2009)

Kiribati 41 (2009)

Korea, North 3 (2009)

Korea, South 301,270 (2009)

Kuwait 2,305 (2009)

Kyrgyzstan 82,496 (2009)

Laos 1,661 (2009)

Latvia 257,414 (2009)

Lebanon 45,352 (2009)

Lesotho 127 (2009)

Liberia 5 (2009)

Libya 11,751 (2009)

Liechtenstein 9,287 (2009)

Lithuania 885,064 (2009)

Luxembourg 220,107 (2009)

Macau 244 (2009)

Macedonia 57,763 (2009)

Madagascar 27,807 (2009)

Malawi 741 (2009)

Malaysia 362,968 (2009)

Maldives 1,732 (2009)

Mali 519 (2009)

Malta 25,139 (2009)

Marshall Islands 6 (2009)

Mauritania 15 (2009)

Mauritius 22,813 (2009)

Mayotte 1 (2009)

Mexico 12.716 million (2009)

Micronesia, Federated States of 1,050 (2009)

Moldova 367,150 (2009)

Monaco 22,608 (2009)

Mongolia 524 (2009)

Montenegro 3,245 (2009)

Montserrat 688 (2009)

Morocco 276,521 (2009)

Mozambique 21,388 (2009)

Namibia 17,840 (2009)

Nauru 47 (2009)

Nepal 43,411 (2009)

Netherlands 12.388 million (2009)

Netherlands Antilles 71,671 (2009)

New Caledonia 22,448 (2009)

New Zealand 2.007 million (2009)

Nicaragua 88,742 (2009)

Niger 253 (2009)

Nigeria 1,098 (2009)

Niue 396,370 (2009)

Norfolk Island 89 (2009)

Northern Mariana Islands 9 (2009)

Norway 3.198 million (2009)

Oman 6,346 (2009)

Pakistan 226,236 (2009)

Palau 2 (2009)

Panama 8,067 (2009)

Papua New Guinea 3,432 (2009)

Paraguay 71,487 (2009)

Peru 274,592 (2009)

Philippines 283,607 (2009)

Pitcairn Islands 26 (2009)

Poland 8.906 million (2009)

Portugal 1.967 million (2009)

Puerto Rico 700 (2009)

Qatar 722 (2009)

Romania 2.188 million (2009)

Russia 7.663 million (2009)

Rwanda 81 (2009)

Saint Helena 343 (2009)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 53 (2009)

Saint Lucia 103 (2009)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 0 (2009)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 181 (2009)

Samoa 13,985 (2009)

San Marino 6,734 (2009)

Sao Tome and Principe 1,345 (2009)

Saudi Arabia 471,217 (2009)

Senegal 227 (2009)

Serbia 181,313 (2009)

Seychelles 324 (2009)

Sierra Leone 273 (2009)

Singapore 864,943 (2009)

Slovakia 867,615 (2009)

Slovenia 88,567 (2009)

Solomon Islands 4,067 (2009)

Somalia 0 (2009)

South Africa 1.73 million (2009)

South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands 363 (2009)

Spain 3.537 million (2009)

Sri Lanka 6,090 (2009)

Sudan 48 (2009)

Suriname 162 (2009)

Swaziland 2,609 (2009)

Sweden 3.886 million (2009)

Switzerland 3.697 million (2009)

Syria 7,879 (2009)

Taiwan 5.704 million (2009)

Tajikistan 987 (2009)

Tanzania 24,724 (2009)

Thailand 1.231 million (2009)

Timor-Leste 169 (2009)

Togo 784 (2009)

Tokelau 360 (2009)

Tonga 20,107 (2009)

Trinidad and Tobago 162,849 (2009)

Tunisia 406 (2009)

Turkey 2.961 million (2009)

Turkmenistan 755 (2009)

Turks and Caicos Islands 9,445 (2009)

Tuvalu 103,041 (2009)

Uganda 6,757 (2009)

Ukraine 706,485 (2009)

United Arab Emirates 379,106 (2009)

United Kingdom 9.322 million (2009)

United States 383 million (2009); note - the US Internet total host count includes the following top level domain host addresses: .us, .com, .edu, .gov, .mil, .net, and .org

Uruguay 498,232 (2009)

Uzbekistan 50,228 (2009)

Vanuatu 1,023 (2009)

Venezuela 155,139 (2009)

Vietnam 170,689 (2009)

Virgin Islands 8,726 (2009)

Wallis and Futuna 1,480 (2009)

Yemen 242 (2009)

Zambia 14,951 (2009)

Zimbabwe 29,094 (2009)

======================================================================

@2185

Field Listing :: Investment (gross fixed)

This entry records total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Country Comparison to the World Country

Investment (gross fixed)(% of GDP)

Albania 23.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Algeria 26.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Angola 9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Argentina 23.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Armenia 39% of GDP (2008 est.)

Australia 28.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Austria 22.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Azerbaijan 21.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Bahrain 26.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Bangladesh 24.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Belarus 31.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Belgium 22.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Belize 27.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Benin 19.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Bolivia 18% of GDP (2008 est.)

Botswana 23.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Brazil 19% of GDP (2008 est.)

Bulgaria 33.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Burkina Faso 19.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Burma 14.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Burundi 12.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cambodia 22.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cameroon 17.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Canada 22.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cape Verde 41.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Chad 13.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Chile 24% of GDP (2008 est.)

China 40.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Colombia 24.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Congo, Republic of the 34.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Costa Rica 24.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire 9.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Croatia 31.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cuba 10.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Cyprus 23.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Czech Republic 24% of GDP (2008 est.)

Denmark 21.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Dominican Republic 19.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Ecuador 22.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Egypt 19.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

El Salvador 14.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Equatorial Guinea 31.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Eritrea 20.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Estonia 28.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Ethiopia 25.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

European Union 21.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Finland 20.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

France 21.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Gabon 27.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Gambia, The 28% of GDP (2008 est.)

Georgia 22.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Germany 19.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Ghana 32.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Greece 20.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Guatemala 18.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Guinea 12.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Guyana 35.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Haiti 28.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Honduras 33.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Hong Kong 19.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Hungary 20.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Iceland 23.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

India 39% of GDP (2008 est.)

Indonesia 23.6% of GDP (2008)

Iran 26.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Ireland 21.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Israel 18.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Italy 20.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Jamaica 26.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Japan 23% of GDP (2008 est.)

Jordan 32.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Kazakhstan 27.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Kenya 21.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Korea, South 27.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Kosovo 30% of GDP (2007 est.)

Kuwait 18.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Kyrgyzstan 23.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Latvia 30.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Lebanon 22.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Lesotho 40.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Libya 9.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Lithuania 24.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Luxembourg 20.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Macedonia 20.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Madagascar 26.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Malawi 8.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Malaysia 19.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Malta 16.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Mauritius 25.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Mexico 22.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Moldova 32.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Montenegro 30.5% of GDP (2006 est.)

Morocco 32.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Mozambique 24.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Namibia 23.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Netherlands 20.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

New Zealand 22.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Nicaragua 34.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Nigeria 21.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Norway 20.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Oman 27.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Pakistan 20% of GDP (2008 est.)

Panama 25.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Papua New Guinea 19.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Paraguay 19.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Peru 25.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Philippines 14.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Poland 22% of GDP (2008 est.)

Portugal 21.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Qatar 32.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Romania 33.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Russia 22.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Rwanda 22% of GDP (2008 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe 38.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Saudi Arabia 19.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Senegal 25.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Serbia 20.1% of GDP (2007 est.)

Seychelles 13.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Singapore 28.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Slovakia 25.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Slovenia 28% of GDP (2008 est.)

South Africa 23.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Spain 29.4% of GDP (2008 est.)

Sri Lanka 24.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Sudan 18.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Swaziland 18.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Sweden 19.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Switzerland 21.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Syria 21.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Taiwan 20.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Tajikistan 12% of GDP (2008 est.)

Tanzania 22.6% of GDP (2008 est.)

Thailand 27.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Togo 20.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago 16.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Tunisia 21.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Turkey 20.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Turkmenistan 1.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Uganda 23.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

Ukraine 27.2% of GDP (2008 est.)

United Arab Emirates 22.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

United Kingdom 16.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

United States 14.3% of GDP (2008 est.)

Uruguay 18.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Venezuela 19.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

Vietnam 41.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

World 21.8% of GDP (2008 est.)

Yemen 25.9% of GDP (2008 est.)

Zambia 25.5% of GDP (2008 est.)

Zimbabwe 17.7% of GDP (2008 est.)

======================================================================

@2186

Field Listing :: Public debt

This entry records the cumulative total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the foreign currency liabilities of both the private and public sector and must be financed out of foreign exchange earnings. Country Comparison to the World Country

Public debt(% of GDP)

Albania 51.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 51.4% of GDP (2007 est.)

Algeria 8.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 37.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Angola 15.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 12% of GDP (2007 est.)

Argentina 48.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 118% of GDP (June 2004 est.)

Aruba 46.3% of GDP (2005)

Australia 14.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 17.4% of GDP (2004 est.) note: the Commonwealth government eliminated its net debt in 2006, but continues a gross debt issue to support the market for risk-free securities

Austria 62.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 64.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Azerbaijan 4.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 18.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Bahrain 28.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 63.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Bangladesh 39.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 43% of GDP (2004 est.)

Belgium 89.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 96.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Bhutan 81.4% of GDP (2004) 81.4% of GDP (2004)

Bolivia 45.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 46.3% of GDP (2007 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 40% of GDP (2008 est.) 34% of GDP (2007 est.)

Botswana 5.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 8.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Brazil 38.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 52% of GDP (2004 est.)

Bulgaria 14.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 41.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Cameroon 13.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 69.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Canada 63.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 64.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Chile 5.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 12.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

China 15.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 31.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Colombia 42.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 51.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Costa Rica 42.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 58% of GDP (2004 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire 66.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Croatia 42.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 41.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Cuba 34.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 36.8% of GDP (2007 est.)

Cyprus 49.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Czech Republic 26.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 33.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Denmark 33.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 42.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Dominican Republic 37.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 61.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Ecuador 25.1% of GDP (2008 est.)

Egypt 86.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 102.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

El Salvador 44.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 41.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Equatorial Guinea 0.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 1.6% of GDP (2007 est.)

Estonia 4.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 5.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Ethiopia 32% of GDP (2008 est.) 44.5% of GDP (2007 est.)

Finland 33.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 46.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

France 68.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 67.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Gabon 24.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 29.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Germany 66% of GDP (2008 est.) 65.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Ghana 53.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 58.5% of GDP (2007 est.)

Gibraltar 15.7% of GDP (2005 est.)

Greece 97.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 112% of GDP (2004 est.)

Guatemala 25.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 32% of GDP (2004 est.)

Honduras 20.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Hong Kong 13.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 2.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Hungary 67.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 58.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Iceland 56.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 35.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

India 56.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 59.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Indonesia 29.3% of GDP (2008 est.) 56.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Iran 19.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 27% of GDP (2004 est.)

Ireland 44.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 31.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Israel 76.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 104.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Italy 105.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 105.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Jamaica 116.3% of GDP (2008 est.) 146.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Japan 172.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 164.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Jordan 62.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 85.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Kazakhstan 8.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 13.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Kenya 60.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Korea, South 24.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 21.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Kosovo NA

Kuwait 7.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 29.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Latvia 19.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 11.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Lebanon 160.3% of GDP (2008 est.) 177.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Libya 4% of GDP (2008 est.) 8.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Lithuania 15.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 25.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Luxembourg 10.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 6.4% of GDP (2007 est.)

Macedonia 20.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 20% of GDP (2004 est.)

Malawi 49.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 228.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Malaysia 40% of GDP (2008 est.) 45.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Mauritius 56.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 29.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Mexico 35.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 23.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Moldova 22.3% of GDP (2008 est.) 63.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Montenegro 38% of GDP (2006)

Morocco 55.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 70.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Mozambique 21.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 22.2% of GDP (2007 est.)

Namibia 20% of GDP (2008 est.) 38.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Netherlands 58.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 55.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

New Zealand 24.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 22.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Nicaragua 74.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 69.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Nigeria 13.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 20% of GDP (2004 est.)

Norway 55.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 33.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Oman 2.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 10.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Pakistan 51.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 71.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Panama 45% of GDP (2008 est.) 69.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Papua New Guinea 32.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 59.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Paraguay 19.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 39.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Peru 24% of GDP (2008 est.) 44.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Philippines 56.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.2% of GDP (September 2004 est.)

Poland 45.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 49.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Portugal 66.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 61.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Qatar 5.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 11% of GDP (2007 est.)

Romania 14.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 23.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Russia 6.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 28.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Saudi Arabia 18.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 75% of GDP (2004 est.)

Senegal 21.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 55.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Serbia 37% of GDP (2007 est.)

Seychelles 74.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 122.8% of GDP (2004 est.)

Singapore 99.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 102.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Slovakia 28.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 46.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Slovenia 23% of GDP (2008 est.) 31.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

South Africa 31.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 45.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Spain 40.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 53.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Sri Lanka 76.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 104.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Sudan 100% of GDP (2008 est.) 79.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

Sweden 36.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 51.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Switzerland 40.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 57.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Syria 25.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 32% of GDP (2004 est.)

Taiwan 29.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 32.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Tanzania 23.2% of GDP (2008 est.) 5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Thailand 37.9% of GDP (2008 est.) 47.6% of GDP (November 2004 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago 26.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 54.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Tunisia 48.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 59.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Turkey 40% of GDP (2008 est.) 74.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

Uganda 18.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 73.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Ukraine 10.3% of GDP (2008 est.) 24.7% of GDP (2004 est.)

United Arab Emirates 40.7% of GDP (2008 est.) 17.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

United Kingdom 51.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 39.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

United States 37.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 65% of GDP (2004 est.)

Uruguay 59.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 64.8% of GDP (2007 est.)

Uzbekistan 10.4% of GDP (2008 est.) 41.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Venezuela 13.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 43.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Vietnam 48.8% of GDP (2008 est.) 65.9% of GDP (2004 est.)

Wallis and Futuna 5.6% of GDP (2004 est.)

Yemen 28.1% of GDP (2008 est.) 46.4% of GDP (2004 est.)

Zambia 29.5% of GDP (2008 est.) 127.5% of GDP (2004 est.)

Zimbabwe 265.6% of GDP (2008 est.) 52.3% of GDP (2004 est.)

======================================================================

@2187

Field Listing :: Current account balance

This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Country Comparison to the World Country

Current account balance

Afghanistan -$67 million (2007 est.)

Albania -$1.906 billion (2008 est.) -$1.202 billion (2007 est.)

Algeria $35.27 billion (2008 est.) $30.6 billion (2007 est.)

Angola $17.11 billion (2008 est.) $9.402 billion (2007 est.)

Anguilla -$42.87 million (2003 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda -$211 million (2007 est.)

Argentina $7.077 billion (2008 est.) $7.103 billion (2007 est.)

Armenia -$1.355 billion (2008 est.) -$589.6 million (2007 est.)

Australia -$44.04 billion (2008 est.) -$57.68 billion (2007 est.)

Austria $14.27 billion (2008 est.) $12.03 billion (2007 est.)

Azerbaijan $16.45 billion (2008 est.) $9.019 billion (2007 est.)

Bahamas, The -$1.442 billion (2007 est.)

Bahrain $2.257 billion (2008 est.) $2.907 billion (2007 est.)

Bangladesh $1.032 billion (2008 est.) $856.8 million (2007 est.)

Barbados -$254 million (2007 est.)

Belarus -$5.063 billion (2008 est.) -$3.042 billion (2007 est.)

Belgium -$12.88 billion (2008 est.) $7.751 billion (2007 est.)

Belize -$153.7 million (2008 est.) -$51.1 million (2007 est.)

Benin -$735 million (2008 est.) -$407 million (2007 est.)

Bhutan $116 million (2007 est.)

Bolivia $2.015 billion (2008 est.) $1.984 billion (2007 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina -$2.764 billion (2008 est.) -$1.931 billion (2007 est.)

Botswana $750.3 million (2008 est.) $2.434 billion (2007 est.)

Brazil -$28.19 billion (2008 est.) $1.551 billion (2007 est.)

British Virgin Islands $134.3 million (1999)

Brunei $7.101 billion (2007 est.)

Bulgaria -$12.65 billion (2008 est.) -$8.716 billion (2007 est.)

Burkina Faso -$931 million (2008 est.) -$564 million (2007 est.)

Burma $1.281 billion (2008 est.) $1.285 billion (2007 est.)

Burundi -$182 million (2008 est.) -$116.8 million (2007 est.)

Cambodia -$1.06 billion (2008 est.) -$506.3 million (2007 est.)

Cameroon -$96 million (2008 est.) -$547 million (2007 est.)

Canada $7.61 billion (2008 est.) $14.53 billion (2007 est.)

Cape Verde -$259 million (2008 est.) -$132.6 million (2007 est.)

Central African Republic -$77 million (2007 est.)

Chad -$1.019 billion (2008 est.) -$737.8 million (2007 est.)

Chile -$3.44 billion (2008 est.) $7.189 billion (2007 est.)

China $426.1 billion (2008 est.) $371.8 billion (2007 est.)

Colombia -$6.712 billion (2008 est.) -$5.838 billion (2007 est.)

Comoros $8 million (2007 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the -$402 million (2007 est.)

Congo, Republic of the $848 million (2008 est.) -$2.181 billion (2007 est.)

Cook Islands $26.67 million (2005)

Costa Rica -$2.648 billion (2008 est.) -$1.578 billion (2007 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire $488 million (2008 est.) -$146 million (2007 est.)

Croatia -$6.397 billion (2008 est.) -$4.447 billion (2007 est.)

Cuba -$2.58 billion (2008 est.) $412 million (2007 est.)

Cyprus -$4.479 billion (2008 est.) -$2.595 billion (2007 est.)

Czech Republic -$6.642 billion (2008 est.) -$5.655 billion (2007 est.)

Denmark $6.938 billion (2008 est.) $2.378 billion (2007 est.)

Djibouti -$212 million (2007 est.)

Dominica -$72 million (2007 est.)

Dominican Republic -$4.436 billion (2008 est.) -$2.068 billion (2007 est.)

Ecuador $1.194 billion (2008 est.) $1.65 billion (2007 est.)

Egypt -$1.331 billion (2008 est.) $500.9 million (2007 est.)

El Salvador -$1.595 billion (2008 est.) -$1.119 billion (2007 est.)

Equatorial Guinea $1.42 billion (2008 est.) $540.9 million (2007 est.)

Eritrea -$229 million (2008 est.) -$203 million (2007 est.)

Estonia -$2.192 billion (2008 est.) -$3.771 billion (2007 est.)

Ethiopia -$1.806 billion (2008 est.) -$827.9 million (2007 est.)

European Union $51.4 billion (2008 est.)

Fiji -$507 million (2007 est.)

Finland $5.518 billion (2008 est.) $10.12 billion (2007 est.)

France -$52.91 billion (2008 est.) -$31.25 billion (2007 est.)

Gabon $2.727 billion (2008 est.) $1.549 billion (2007 est.)

Gambia, The -$127 million (2008 est.) -$80.3 million (2007 est.)

Georgia -$2.915 billion (2008 est.) -$2.119 billion (2007 est.)

Germany $243.6 billion (2008 est.) $263.1 billion (2007 est.)

Ghana -$3.471 billion (2008 est.) -$1.717 billion (2007 est.)

Greece -$51.53 billion (2008 est.) -$44.4 billion (2007 est.)

Grenada -$138 million (2007 est.)

Guatemala -$1.932 billion (2008 est.) -$1.754 billion (2007 est.)

Guinea -$489 million (2008 est.) -$463 million (2007 est.)

Guinea-Bissau -$6 million (2007 est.)

Guyana -$362 million (2008 est.) -$165.7 million (2007 est.)

Haiti -$611 million (2008 est.) -$407 million (2007 est.)

Honduras -$1.977 billion (2008 est.) -$1.274 billion (2007 est.)

Hong Kong $30.52 billion (2008 est.) $25.53 billion (2007 est.)

Hungary -$12.98 billion (2008 est.) -$8.922 billion (2007 est.)

Iceland -$6.606 billion (2008 est.) -$3.178 billion (2007 est.)

India -$36.09 billion (2008 est.) -$10.88 billion (2007 est.)

Indonesia $604 million (2008 est.) $10.49 billion (2007 est.)

Iran $20.19 billion (2008 est.) $34.08 billion (2007 est.)

Iraq $14.05 billion (2008 est.) $4.909 billion (2007 est.)

Ireland -$13.88 billion (2008 est.) -$14.12 billion (2007 est.)

Israel $2.213 billion (2008 est.) $4.185 billion (2007 est.)

Italy -$78.03 billion (2008 est.) -$51.03 billion (2007 est.)

Jamaica -$2.745 billion (2008 est.) -$1.744 billion (2007 est.)

Japan $156.6 billion (2008 est.) $210.5 billion (2007 est.)

Jordan -$2.39 billion (2008 est.) -$2.767 billion (2007 est.)

Kazakhstan $6.978 billion (2008 est.) -$8.226 billion (2007 est.)

Kenya -$1.978 billion (2008 est.) -$1.102 billion (2007 est.)

Kiribati -$21 million (2007 est.)

Korea, South -$6.349 billion (2008 est.) $5.954 billion (2007 est.)

Kosovo -$964 million

Kuwait $64.78 billion (2008 est.) $47.48 billion (2007 est.)

Kyrgyzstan -$680 million (2008 est.) -$267.9 million (2007 est.)

Laos -$52 million (2008 est.) $107.3 million (2007 est.)

Latvia -$4.492 billion (2008 est.) -$6.485 billion (2007 est.)

Lebanon -$2.987 billion (2008 est.) -$1.395 billion (2007 est.)

Lesotho $121 million (2008 est.) $211.8 million (2007 est.)

Liberia -$224 million (2007)

Libya $37.39 billion (2008 est.) $28.45 billion (2007 est.)

Lithuania -$5.629 billion (2008 est.) -$5.692 billion (2007 est.)

Luxembourg $2.979 billion (2008 est.) $4.928 billion (2007 est.)

Macedonia -$1.21 billion (2008 est.) -$247 million (2007 est.)

Madagascar -$1.03 billion (2008 est.) -$807 million (2007 est.)

Malawi -$241 million (2008 est.) -$75 million (2007 est.)

Malaysia $33.76 billion (2008 est.) $28.93 billion (2007 est.)

Maldives -$638 million (2008 est.) -$472 million (2007 est.)

Mali -$446 million (2007 est.)

Malta -$445 million (2008 est.) -$468 million (2007 est.)

Mauritania -$184 million (2007 est.)

Mauritius -$972.8 million (2008 est.) -$408.3 million (2007 est.)

Mexico -$15.81 billion (2008 est.) -$8.331 billion (2007 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of -$34.3 million (FY05 est.)

Moldova -$1.015 billion (2008 est.) -$695.5 million (2007 est.)

Mongolia -$1 billion (2008 est.) -$23 million (2007 est.)

Montenegro -$1.102 billion (2007 est.)

Morocco -$5.836 billion (2008 est.) -$224 million (2007 est.)

Mozambique -$975.3 million (2008 est.) -$785.3 million (2007 est.)

Namibia $239.8 million (2008 est.) $693.2 million (2007 est.)

Nepal $241 million (2008) $58 million (2007)

Netherlands $41.93 billion (2008 est.) $59.51 billion (2007 est.)

New Zealand -$11.34 billion (2008 est.) -$10.63 billion (2007 est.)

Nicaragua -$1.475 billion (2008 est.) -$1.048 billion (2007 est.)

Niger -$321 million (2007 est.) -$321 million (2007 est.)

Nigeria $3.877 billion (2008 est.) $2.203 billion (2007 est.)

Norway $88.34 billion (2008 est.) $60.46 billion (2007 est.)

Oman $5.523 billion (2008 est.) $1.933 billion (2007 est.)

Pakistan -$15.68 billion (2008 est.) -$8.297 billion (2007 est.)

Palau $15.09 million (FY03/04)

Panama -$2.792 billion (2008 est.) -$1.422 billion (2007 est.)

Papua New Guinea $710 million (2008 est.) $193.6 million (2007 est.)

Paraguay -$345 million (2008 est.) $126.1 million (2007 est.)

Peru -$4.18 billion (2008 est.) $1.22 billion (2007 est.)

Philippines $4.227 billion (2008 est.) $7.119 billion (2007 est.)

Poland -$26.91 billion (2008 est.) -$20.12 billion (2007 est.)

Portugal -$29.6 billion (2008 est.) -$21.18 billion (2007 est.)

Qatar $15.07 billion (2008 est.) $10.45 billion (2007 est.)

Romania -$24.81 billion (2008 est.) -$23.02 billion (2007 est.)

Russia $102.4 billion (2008 est.) $77.01 billion (2007 est.)

Rwanda -$292 million (2008 est.) -$147 million (2007 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis -$163 million (2007 est.)

Saint Lucia -$199 million (2007 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -$149 million (2007 est.)

Samoa -$24 million (2007 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe -$67 million (2008 est.) -$44 million (2007 est.)

Saudi Arabia $132.6 billion (2008 est.) $96.77 billion (2007 est.)

Senegal -$975 million (2008 est.) -$1.18 billion (2007 est.)

Serbia -$6.889 billion (2007 est.)

Seychelles -$430 million (2008 est.) -$274.8 million (2007 est.)

Sierra Leone -$63 million (2007 est.)

Singapore $25.78 billion (2008 est.) $39.11 billion (2007 est.)

Slovakia -$6.43 billion (2008 est.) -$4.482 billion (2007 est.)

Slovenia -$3.323 billion (2008 est.) -$1.982 billion (2007 est.)

Solomon Islands -$143 million (2007 est.)

South Africa -$20.98 billion (2008 est.) -$20.78 billion (2007 est.)

Spain -$154.1 billion (2008 est.) -$145.4 billion (2007 est.)

Sri Lanka -$3.876 billion (2008 est.) -$1.464 billion (2007 est.)

Sudan -$1.314 billion (2008 est.) -$3.447 billion (2007 est.)

Suriname $24 million (2007 est.)

Swaziland -$33 million (2008 est.) $4 million (2007 est.)

Sweden $40.32 billion (2008 est.) $38.42 billion (2007 est.)

Switzerland $41.21 billion (2008 est.) $43.95 billion (2007 est.)

Syria -$791 million (2008 est.) $402 million (2007 est.)

Taiwan $24.89 billion (2008 est.) $32.98 billion (2007 est.)

Tajikistan $47.6 million (2008 est.) -$495.1 million (2007 est.)

Tanzania -$3.536 billion (2008 est.) -$1.856 billion (2007 est.)

Thailand -$113 million (2008 est.) $15.76 billion (2007 est.)

Timor-Leste $1.161 billion (2007 est.)

Togo -$272 million (2008 est.) -$154 million (2007 est.)

Tonga -$23 million (2007 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago $5.401 billion (2008 est.) $5.364 billion (2007 est.)

Tunisia -$1.667 billion (2008 est.) -$904 million (2007 est.)

Turkey -$41.69 billion (2008 est.) -$37.7 billion (2007 est.)

Turkmenistan $4.669 billion (2008 est.) $3.285 billion (2007 est.)

Tuvalu -$11.68 million (2003)

Uganda -$1.088 billion (2008 est.) -$744.7 million (2007 est.)

Ukraine -$12.76 billion (2008 est.) -$5.918 billion (2007 est.)

United Arab Emirates $22.31 billion (2008 est.) $25.84 billion (2007 est.)

United Kingdom -$45.68 billion (2008 est.) -$78.78 billion (2007 est.)

United States -$706.1 billion (2008 est.) -$731.2 billion (2007 est.)

Uruguay -$1.484 billion (2008 est.) -$82.7 million (2007 est.)

Uzbekistan $6.257 billion (2008 est.) $4.267 billion (2007 est.)

Vanuatu -$60 million (2007 est.)

Venezuela $39.21 billion (2008 est.) $20 billion (2007 est.)

Vietnam -$10.71 billion (2008 est.) -$6.993 billion (2007 est.)

Yemen -$1.113 billion (2008 est.) -$1.547 billion (2007 est.)

Zambia -$977 million (2008 est.) -$198 million (2007 est.)

Zimbabwe -$584.6 million (2008 est.) -$494.8 million (2007 est.)

======================================================================

@2188

Field Listing :: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund. Country Comparison to the World Country

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Albania $2.364 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.162 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Algeria $143.5 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $110.6 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Angola $18.36 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $11.2 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Argentina $46.37 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $46.12 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Armenia $1.407 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.659 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Australia $32.92 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $26.91 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Austria $16.7 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $18.22 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Azerbaijan $6.519 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.273 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Bahrain $3.803 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.101 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Bangladesh $5.789 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $5.278 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Barbados $620 million (2007) $620 million (2007)

Belarus $2.687 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.952 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Belgium $15.65 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $16.51 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Belize $166.2 million (31 December 2008 est.) $108.5 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Benin $1.261 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.209 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Bolivia $7.722 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $5.318 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina $3.516 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.525 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Botswana $9.119 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $9.79 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Brazil $193.8 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $180.3 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Bulgaria $17.93 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $17.54 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Burkina Faso $926.3 million (31 December 2008 est.) $1.029 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Burma $3.412 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.312 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Burundi $266.7 million (31 December 2008 est.) $177.1 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Cambodia $2.641 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.143 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Cameroon $3.091 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.932 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Canada $43.87 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $41.08 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Cape Verde $258 million (31 December 2008 est.) $281 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Chad $1.347 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $964.4 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Chile $23.08 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $16.84 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

China $1.955 trillion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.534 trillion (31 December 2007 est.)

Colombia $23.67 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $20.95 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Congo, Republic of the $3.873 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.184 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Costa Rica $3.799 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.114 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire $2.252 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.519 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Croatia $12.96 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $13.67 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Cuba $4.047 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.747 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Cyprus $1.003 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $6.507 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Czech Republic $36.68 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $34.59 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Denmark $42.32 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $34.32 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Dominican Republic $2.288 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.562 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Ecuador $4.473 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.521 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Egypt $33.85 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $31.37 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

El Salvador $2.545 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.199 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Equatorial Guinea $4.431 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.846 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Eritrea $24 million (31 December 2008 est.) $34 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Estonia $3.972 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.27 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Ethiopia $870.5 million (31 December 2008 est.) $1.29 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

European Union $NA

Finland $8.346 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $8.385 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

France $102.9 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $115.7 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Gabon $1.925 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.238 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Gambia, The $140 million (31 December 2008 est.) $142.8 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Georgia $1.48 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.361 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Germany $138 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $136.2 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Ghana $2.028 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.831 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Greece $3.473 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.658 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Guatemala $4.471 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.139 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Guinea $93 million (31 December 2008 est.) $86 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Guyana $355.9 million (31 December 2008 est.) $313 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Haiti $708 million (31 December 2008 est.) $555 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Honduras $2.492 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.546 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Hong Kong $182.5 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $152.7 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Hungary $33.87 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $24.05 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Iceland $2.5 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.436 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

India $254 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $273.9 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Indonesia $51.64 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $56.92 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Iran $96.56 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $82.06 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Iraq $49.8 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $30.66 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Ireland $1.023 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $926.2 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Israel $42.51 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $28.52 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Italy $105.3 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $94.33 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Jamaica $1.767 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.879 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Japan $1.011 trillion (31 December 2008 est.) $954.1 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Jordan $8.918 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $7.929 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Kazakhstan $19.87 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $17.63 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Kenya $2.879 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.355 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Korea, South $201.2 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $262.2 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Kosovo $NA

Kuwait $17.23 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $16.78 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Kyrgyzstan $1.225 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.177 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Laos $803 million (31 December 2008 est.) $540 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Latvia $5.248 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $5.758 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Lebanon $28.28 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $20.55 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Lesotho $993 million (31 December 2008 est.) $874 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Libya $92.51 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $79.6 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Lithuania $6.441 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $7.721 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Luxembourg $397.8 million (31 December 2008 est.) $205.5 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Macedonia $2.109 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.265 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Madagascar $982.3 million (31 December 2008 est.) $846.7 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Malawi $185 million (31 December 2008 est.) $217.2 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Malaysia $91.21 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $101.1 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Malta $373.4 million (31 December 2008 est.) $3.798 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Mauritius $1.785 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.822 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Mexico $95.3 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $87.19 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Moldova $1.672 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.334 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Montenegro $NA

Morocco $22.72 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $24.72 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Mozambique $1.578 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.445 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Namibia $1.293 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $896 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Netherlands $28.51 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $26.98 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

New Zealand $11.15 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $17.25 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Nicaragua $1.141 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.103 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Nigeria $53 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $51.33 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Norway $50.95 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $60.84 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Oman $11.58 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $9.524 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Pakistan $8.903 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $15.69 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Panama $2.693 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.935 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Papua New Guinea $1.987 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.087 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Paraguay $2.863 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.462 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Peru $31.25 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $27.78 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Philippines $37.55 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $33.75 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Poland $62.18 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $65.75 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Portugal $11.95 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $11.55 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Qatar $9.998 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $9.752 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Romania $39.47 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $39.96 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Russia $427.1 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $476.4 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Rwanda $596 million (31 December 2008 est.) $552.8 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Samoa $70.15 million (FY03/04)

Sao Tome and Principe $43 million (31 December 2008 est.) $39 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Saudi Arabia $30.59 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $34.01 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Senegal $1.601 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.66 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Serbia $14.22 billion (2007 est.) $14.22 billion (2007 est.)

Seychelles $64 million (31 December 2008 est.) $40.8 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Singapore $174.2 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $163 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Slovakia $18.78 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $18.96 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Slovenia $7.57 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $5.682 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

South Africa $34.07 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $32.94 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Spain $20.25 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $19.05 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Sri Lanka $2.655 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $3.644 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Sudan $1.399 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.378 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Suriname $263.3 million (2006)

Swaziland $752 million (31 December 2008 est.) $774.2 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Sweden $29.72 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $31.04 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Switzerland $74.07 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $75.37 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Syria $6.765 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $6.507 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Taiwan $296.4 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $275 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Tajikistan $195 million (31 December 2008 est.) $328 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Tanzania $2.869 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.91 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Thailand $111 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $87.46 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Togo $580 million (31 December 2008 est.) $438 million (31 December 2007 est.)

Tonga $40.83 million (yearend, FY04/05)

Trinidad and Tobago $9.496 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $6.745 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Tunisia $8.853 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $7.854 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Turkey $73.66 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $76.51 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Turkmenistan $13.88 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $13.19 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Uganda $2.301 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $2.56 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Ukraine $31.54 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $32.48 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

United Arab Emirates $31.69 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $77.24 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

United Kingdom $52.98 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $57.3 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

United States $77.65 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $70.57 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Uruguay $6.36 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $4.121 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Uzbekistan $10.15 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $7.413 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Vanuatu $40.54 million (2003)

Venezuela $42.3 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $33.48 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Vietnam $24.18 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $23.75 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Yemen $8.157 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $7.759 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Zambia $1.096 billion (31 December 2008 est.) $1.09 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Zimbabwe $96 million (31 December 2008 est.) $117 million (31 December 2007 est.)

======================================================================

@2189

Field Listing :: Union name

Country

Union name

European Union conventional long form: European Union abbreviation: EU

======================================================================

@2190

Field Listing :: Political structure

Country

Political structure

European Union a hybrid intergovernmental and supranational organization

======================================================================

@2191

Field Listing :: Member states

Country

Member states

European Union 27 countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, UK; note - Canary Islands (Spain), Azores and Madeira (Portugal), French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Reunion (France) are sometimes listed separately even though they are legally a part of Spain, Portugal, and France; candidate countries: Croatia, Macedonia, Turkey

======================================================================

@2192

Field Listing :: Preliminary statement

Country

Preliminary statement

European Union The evolution of the European Union (EU) from a regional economic agreement among six neighboring states in 1951 to today's supranational organization of 27 countries across the European continent stands as an unprecedented phenomenon in the annals of history. Dynastic unions for territorial consolidation were long the norm in Europe. On a few occasions even country-level unions were arranged - the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were examples - but for such a large number of nation-states to cede some of their sovereignty to an overarching entity is truly unique. Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has many of the attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, anthem, founding date, and currency, as well as an incipient common foreign and security policy in its dealings with other nations. In the future, many of these nation-like characteristics are likely to be expanded. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook. However, because of the EU's special status, this description is placed after the regular country entries.

======================================================================

@2193

Field Listing :: Major infectious diseases

This entry lists major infectious diseases likely to be encountered in countries where the risk of such diseases is assessed to be very high as compared to the United States. These infectious diseases represent risks to US government personnel traveling to the specified country for a period of less than three years. The degree of risk is assessed by considering the foreign nature of these infectious diseases, their severity, and the probability of being affected by the diseases present. The diseases listed do not necessarily represent the total disease burden experienced by the local population. The risk to an individual traveler varies considerably by the specific location, visit duration, type of activities, type of accommodations, time of year, and other factors. Consultation with a travel medicine physician is needed to evaluate individual risk and recommend appropriate preventive measures such as vaccines. Diseases are organized into the following six exposure categories shown in italics and listed in typical descending order of risk. Note: The sequence of exposure categories listed in individual country entries may vary according to local conditions. food or waterborne diseases acquired through eating or drinking on the local economy: Hepatitis A - viral disease that interferes with the functioning of the liver; spread through consumption of food or water contaminated with fecal matter, principally in areas of poor sanitation; victims exhibit fever, jaundice, and diarrhea; 15% of victims will experience prolonged symptoms over 6-9 months; vaccine available. Hepatitis E - water-borne viral disease that interferes with the functioning of the liver; most commonly spread through fecal contamination of drinking water; victims exhibit jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, and dark colored urine. Typhoid fever - bacterial disease spread through contact with food or water contaminated by fecal matter or sewage; victims exhibit sustained high fevers; left untreated, mortality rates can reach 20%. vectorborne diseases acquired through the bite of an infected arthropod: Malaria - caused by single-cell parasitic protozoa Plasmodium; transmitted to humans via the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito; parasites multiply in the liver attacking red blood cells resulting in cycles of fever, chills, and sweats accompanied by anemia; death due to damage to vital organs and interruption of blood supply to the brain; endemic in 100, mostly tropical, countries with 90% of cases and the majority of 1.5-2.5 million estimated annual deaths occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Dengue fever - mosquito-borne (Aedes aegypti) viral disease associated with urban environments; manifests as sudden onset of fever and severe headache; occasionally produces shock and hemorrhage leading to death in 5% of cases. Yellow fever - mosquito-borne viral disease; severity ranges from influenza-like symptoms to severe hepatitis and hemorrhagic fever; occurs only in tropical South America and sub-Saharan Africa, where most cases are reported; fatality rate is less than 20%. Japanese Encephalitis - mosquito-borne (Culex tritaeniorhynchus) viral disease associated with rural areas in Asia; acute encephalitis can progress to paralysis, coma, and death; fatality rates 30%. African Trypanosomiasis - caused by the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma; transmitted to humans via the bite of bloodsucking Tsetse flies; infection leads to malaise and irregular fevers and, in advanced cases when the parasites invade the central nervous system, coma and death; endemic in 36 countries of sub-Saharan Africa; cattle and wild animals act as reservoir hosts for the parasites. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis - caused by the parasitic protozoa leishmania; transmitted to humans via the bite of sandflies; results in skin lesions that may become chronic; endemic in 88 countries; 90% of cases occur in Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, and Peru; wild and domesticated animals as well as humans can act as reservoirs of infection. Plague - bacterial disease transmitted by fleas normally associated with rats; person-to-person airborne transmission also possible; recent plague epidemics occurred in areas of Asia, Africa, and South America associated with rural areas or small towns and villages; manifests as fever, headache, and painfully swollen lymph nodes; disease progresses rapidly and without antibiotic treatment leads to pneumonic form with a death rate in excess of 50%. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever - tick-borne viral disease; infection may also result from exposure to infected animal blood or tissue; geographic distribution includes Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe; sudden onset of fever, headache, and muscle aches followed by hemorrhaging in the bowels, urine, nose, and gums; mortality rate is approximately 30%. Rift Valley fever - viral disease affecting domesticated animals and humans; transmission is by mosquito and other biting insects; infection may also occur through handling of infected meat or contact with blood; geographic distribution includes eastern and southern Africa where cattle and sheep are raised; symptoms are generally mild with fever and some liver abnormalities, but the disease may progress to hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, or ocular disease; fatality rates are low at about 1% of cases. Chikungunya - mosquito-borne (Aedes aegypti) viral disease associated with urban environments, similar to Dengue Fever; characterized by sudden onset of fever, rash, and severe joint pain usually lasting 3-7 days, some cases result in persistent arthritis. water contact diseases acquired through swimming or wading in freshwater lakes, streams, and rivers: Leptospirosis - bacterial disease that affects animals and humans; infection occurs through contact with water, food, or soil contaminated by animal urine; symptoms include high fever, severe headache, vomiting, jaundice, and diarrhea; untreated, the disease can result in kidney damage, liver failure, meningitis, or respiratory distress; fatality rates are low but left untreated recovery can take months. Schistosomiasis - caused by parasitic trematode flatworm Schistosoma; fresh water snails act as intermediate host and release larval form of parasite that penetrates the skin of people exposed to contaminated water; worms mature and reproduce in the blood vessels, liver, kidneys, and intestines releasing eggs, which become trapped in tissues triggering an immune response; may manifest as either urinary or intestinal disease resulting in decreased work or learning capacity; mortality, while generally low, may occur in advanced cases usually due to bladder cancer; endemic in 74 developing countries with 80% of infected people living in sub-Saharan Africa; humans act as the reservoir for this parasite. aerosolized dust or soil contact disease acquired through inhalation of aerosols contaminated with rodent urine: Lassa fever - viral disease carried by rats of the genus Mastomys; endemic in portions of West Africa; infection occurs through direct contact with or consumption of food contaminated by rodent urine or fecal matter containing virus particles; fatality rate can reach 50% in epidemic outbreaks. respiratory disease acquired through close contact with an infectious person: Meningococcal meningitis - bacterial disease causing an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord; one of the most important bacterial pathogens is Neisseria meningitidis because of its potential to cause epidemics; symptoms include stiff neck, high fever, headaches, and vomiting; bacteria are transmitted from person to person by respiratory droplets and facilitated by close and prolonged contact resulting from crowded living conditions, often with a seasonal distribution; death occurs in 5-15% of cases, typically within 24-48 hours of onset of symptoms; highest burden of meningococcal disease occurs in the hyperendemic region of sub-Saharan Africa known as the "Meningitis Belt" which stretches from Senegal east to Ethiopia. animal contact disease acquired through direct contact with local animals: Rabies - viral disease of mammals usually transmitted through the bite of an infected animal, most commonly dogs; virus affects the central nervous system causing brain alteration and death; symptoms initially are non-specific fever and headache progressing to neurological symptoms; death occurs within days of the onset of symptoms. Country

Major infectious diseases

Afghanistan degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Angola degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Argentina degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Bangladesh degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria are high risks in some locations water contact disease: leptospirosis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Belize degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Benin degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Bhutan degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Bolivia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Botswana degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria (2009)

Burkina Faso degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Burma degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Burundi degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Cambodia degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Cameroon degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Central African Republic degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Chad degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

China degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Colombia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, plague, and African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Congo, Republic of the degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) animal contact disease: rabies water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Costa Rica degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: dengue fever (2009)

Cote d'Ivoire degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Croatia degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Cuba degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne diseases: dengue fever (2009)

Djibouti degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Dominican Republic degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Ecuador degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Egypt degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: Rift Valley fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

El Salvador degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Equatorial Guinea degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and yellow fever animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Eritrea degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria (2009)

Estonia degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: tickborne encephalitis (2009)

Ethiopia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Gabon degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and chikungunya water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Gambia, The degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Ghana degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Guatemala degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Guinea degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2009)

Guinea-Bissau degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Guyana degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Haiti degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Honduras degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Hungary degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2009)

India degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria animal contact disease: rabies water contact disease: leptospirosis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Indonesia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever, and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Iran degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Iraq degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Kenya degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and Rift Valley fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Laos degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2008) (2009)

Latvia degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2009)

Liberia degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Lithuania degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2009)

Madagascar degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, malaria, and plague water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Malawi degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and plague water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Malaysia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Mali degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2009)

Mauritania degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and Rift Valley fever respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Mexico degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Montenegro degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (2009)

Mozambique degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and plague water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Namibia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Nepal degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: Japanese encephalitis, malaria, and dengue fever (2009)

Nicaragua degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Niger degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Nigeria degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria and yellow fever respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: one of the most highly endemic areas for Lassa fever water contact disease: leptospirosis and shistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Pakistan degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Panama degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Papua New Guinea degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Paraguay degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Peru degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever, malaria, and yellow fever water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Philippines degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Japanese encephalitis water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Poland degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: tickborne encephalitis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Russia degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: tickborne encephalitis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Rwanda degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Sao Tome and Principe degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Senegal degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, malaria, Rift Valley fever, and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Serbia degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Sierra Leone degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2009)

Somalia degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Rift Valley fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

South Africa degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Sri Lanka degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne disease: dengue fever and chikungunya water contact disease: leptospirosis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Sudan degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Suriname degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: dengue fever, Mayaro virus, and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)

Swaziland degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Tajikistan degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria (2009)

Tanzania degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and plague water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Thailand degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria animal contact disease: rabies water contact disease: leptospirosis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Timor-Leste degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Togo degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Uganda degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, plague, and African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Venezuela degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)

Vietnam degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and plague water contact disease: leptospirosis note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Yemen degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)

Zambia degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and plague are high risks in some locations water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Zimbabwe degree of risk: high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: malaria water contact disease: schistosomiasis animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

======================================================================

@2194

Field Listing :: Refugees and internally displaced persons

This entry includes those persons residing in a country as refugees or internally displaced persons (IDPs). The definition of a refugee according to a United Nations Convention is "a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion; and is unable or unwilling to avail himself/herself of the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution." The UN established the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in 1950 to handle refugee matters worldwide. The UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) has a different operational definition for a Palestinian refugee: "a person whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948 and who lost both home and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 conflict." However, UNHCR also assists some 400,000 Palestinian refugees not covered under the UNRWA definition. The term "internally displaced person" is not specifically covered in the UN Convention; it is used to describe people who have fled their homes for reasons similar to refugees, but who remain within their own national territory and are subject to the laws of that state. Country

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Afghanistan IDPs: 132,246 (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in south and west due to drought and instability) (2007)

Algeria refugees (country of origin): 90,000 (Western Saharan Sahrawi, mostly living in Algerian-sponsored camps in the southwestern Algerian town of Tindouf) IDPs: undetermined (civil war during 1990s) (2007)

Angola refugees (country of origin): 12,615 (Democratic Republic of Congo) IDPs: 61,700 (27-year civil war ending in 2002; 4 million IDPs already have returned) (2007)

Armenia refugees (country of origin): 113,295 (Azerbaijan) IDPs: 8,400 (conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, majority have returned home since 1994 ceasefire) (2007)

Azerbaijan refugees (country of origin): 2,400 (Russia) IDPs: 580,000-690,000 (conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh) (2007)

Bangladesh refugees (country of origin): 26,268 (Burma) IDPs: 65,000 (land conflicts, religious persecution) (2007)

Benin refugees (country of origin): 9,444 (Togo) (2007)

Bosnia and Herzegovina refugees (country of origin): 7,269 (Croatia) IDPs: 131,600 (Bosnian Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks displaced in 1992-95 war) (2007)

Burma IDPs: 503,000 (government offensives against ethnic insurgent groups near the eastern borders; most IDPs are ethnic Karen, Karenni, Shan, Tavoyan, and Mon) (2007)

Burundi refugees (country of origin): 9,849 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) IDPs: 100,000 (armed conflict between government and rebels; most IDPs in northern and western Burundi) (2007)

Cameroon refugees (country of origin): 20,000-30,000 (Chad); 3,000 (Nigeria); 24,000 (Central African Republic) (2007)

Central African Republic refugees (country of origin): 7,900 (Sudan); 3,700 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); note - UNHCR resumed repatriation of Southern Sudanese refugees in 2006 IDPs: 197,000 (ongoing unrest following coup in 2003) (2007)

Chad refugees (country of origin): 234,000 (Sudan); 54,200 (Central African Republic) IDPs: 178,918 (2007)

China refugees (country of origin): 300,897 (Vietnam); estimated 30,000-50,000 (North Korea) IDPs: 90,000 (2007)

Colombia IDPs: 1.8-3.5 million (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers) (2007)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the refugees (country of origin): 132,295 (Angola); 37,313 (Rwanda); 17,777 (Burundi); 13,904 (Uganda); 6,181 (Sudan); 5,243 (Republic of Congo) IDPs: 1.4 million (fighting between government forces and rebels since mid-1990s; most IDPs are in eastern provinces) (2007)

Congo, Republic of the refugees (country of origin): 46,341 (Democratic Republic of Congo); 6,564 (Rwanda) IDPs: 48,000 (multiple civil wars since 1992; most IDPs are ethnic Lari) (2007)

Costa Rica refugees (country of origin): 9,699-11,500 (Colombia) (2007)

Cote d'Ivoire refugees (country of origin): 25,615 (Liberia) IDPs: 709,000 (2002 coup; most IDPs are in western regions) (2007)

Croatia IDPs: 2,900-7,000 (Croats and Serbs displaced in 1992-95 war) (2007)

Cyprus IDPs: 210,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; many displaced for over 30 years) (2007)

Djibouti refugees (country of origin): 8,642 (Somalia) (2007)

Ecuador refugees (country of origin): 11,526 (Colombia); note - UNHCR estimates as many as 250,000 Columbians are seeking asylum in Ecuador, many of whom do not register as refugees for fear of deportation (2007)

Egypt refugees (country of origin): 60,000 - 80,000 (Iraq); 70,198 (Palestinian Territories); 12,157 (Sudan) (2007)

Eritrea IDPs: 32,000 (border war with Ethiopia from 1998-2000; most IDPs are near the central border region) (2007)

Ethiopia refugees (country of origin): 66,980 (Sudan); 16,576 (Somalia); 13,078 (Eritrea) IDPs: 200,000 (border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000, ethnic clashes in Gambela, and ongoing Ethiopian military counterinsurgency in Somali region; most IDPs are in Tigray and Gambela Provinces) (2007)

Gabon refugees (country of origin): 7,178 (Republic of Congo) (2007)

Gambia, The refugees (country of origin): 5,955 (Sierra Leone) (2007)

Gaza Strip refugees (country of origin): 1.017 million (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)) (2007)

Georgia refugees (country of origin): 1,100 (Russia) IDPs: 220,000-240,000 (displaced from Abkhazia and South Ossetia) (2007)

Ghana refugees (country of origin): 35,653 (Liberia); 8,517 (Togo) (2007)

Guatemala IDPs: undetermined (the UN does not estimate there are any IDPs, although some NGOs estimate over 200,000 IDPs as a result of over three decades of internal conflict that ended in 1996) (2007)

Guinea refugees (country of origin): 21,856 (Liberia); 5,259 (Sierra Leone); 3,900 (Cote d'Ivoire) IDPs: 19,000 (cross-border incursions from Cote d'Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone) (2007)

Guinea-Bissau refugees (country of origin): 7,454 (Senegal) (2007)

India refugees (country of origin): 77,200 (Tibet/China); 69,609 (Sri Lanka); 9,472 (Afghanistan) IDPs: at least 600,000 (about half are Kashmiri Pandits from Jammu and Kashmir) (2007)

Indonesia IDPs: 200,000-350,000 (government offensives against rebels in Aceh; most IDPs in Aceh, Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi Provinces, and Maluku) (2007)

Iran refugees (country of origin): 914,268 (Afghanistan); 54,024 (Iraq) (2007)

Iraq refugees (country of origin): 10,000-15,000 (Palestinian Territories); 11,773 (Iran); 16,832 (Turkey) IDPs: 2.4 million (ongoing US-led war and ethno-sectarian violence) (2007)

Israel IDPs: 150,000-420,000 (Arab villagers displaced from homes in northern Israel) (2007)

Jordan refugees (country of origin): 1,835,704 (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)); 500,000 (Iraq) IDPs: 160,000 (1967 Arab-Israeli War) (2007)

Kazakhstan refugees (country of origin): 3,700 (Russia); 508 (Afghanistan) (2007)

Kenya refugees (country of origin): 173,702 (Somalia); 73,004 (Sudan); 16,428 (Ethiopia) IDPs: 250,000-400,000 (2007 post-election violence; KANU attacks on opposition tribal groups in 1990s) (2007)

Korea, North IDPs: undetermined (flooding in mid-2007 and famine during mid-1990s) (2007)

Kosovo IDP's: 21,000 (2007)

Lebanon refugees (country of origin): 405,425 (Palestinian refugees (UNRWA)); 50,000-60,000 (Iraq) IDPs: 17,000 (1975-90 civil war, Israeli invasions); 200,000 (July-August 2006 war) (2007)

Liberia refugees (country of origin): 12,600 (Cote d'Ivoire) IDPs: 13,000 (civil war from 1990-2004; IDP resettlement began in November 2004) (2007)

Libya refugees (country of origin): 8,000 (Palestinian Territories) (2007)

Macedonia IDPs: fewer than 1,000 (ethnic conflict in 2001) (2007)

Malaysia refugees (country of origin): 15,174 (Indonesia); 21,544 (Burma) (2007)

Maldives IDPs: 1,000-10,000 (December 2004 tsunami victims) (2007)

Mali refugees (country of origin): 6,300 (Mauritania) (2007)

Mexico IDPs: 5,500-10,000 (government's quashing of Zapatista uprising in 1994 in eastern Chiapas Region) (2007)

Montenegro refugees (country of origin): 7,000 (Kosovo); note - mostly ethnic Serbs and Roma who fled Kosovo in 1999 IDPs: 16,192 (ethnic conflict in 1999 and riots in 2004) (2007)

Namibia refugees (country of origin): 4,700 (Angola) (2007)

Nepal refugees (country of origin): 107,803 (Bhutan); 20,153 (Tibet/China) IDPs: 50,000-70,000 (remaining from ten-year Maoist insurgency that officially ended in 2006; displacement spread across the country) (2007)

Nigeria refugees (country of origin): 5,778 (Liberia) IDPs: undetermined (communal violence between Christians and Muslims since President OBASANJO's election in 1999; displacement is mostly short-term) (2007)

Pakistan refugees (country of origin): 1,043,984 (Afghanistan) IDPs: undetermined (government strikes on Islamic militants in South Waziristan); 34,000 (October 2005 earthquake; most of those displaced returned to their home villages in the spring of 2006) (2007)

Papua New Guinea refugees (country of origin): 10,177 (Indonesia) (2007)

Peru IDPs: 60,000-150,000 (civil war from 1980-2000; most IDPs are indigenous peasants in Andean and Amazonian regions) (2007)

Philippines IDPs: 300,000 (fighting between government troops and MILF and Abu Sayyaf groups) (2007)

Russia IDPs: 18,000-160,000 (displacement from Chechnya and North Ossetia) (2007)

Rwanda refugees (country of origin): 46,272 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); 4,400 (Burundi) (2007)

Saudi Arabia refugees (country of origin): 240,015 (Palestinian Territories) (2007)

Senegal refugees (country of origin): 19,630 (Mauritania) IDPs: 22,400 (approximately 65% of the IDP population returned in 2005, but new displacement is occurring due to clashes between government troops and separatists in Casamance region) (2007)

Serbia refugees (country of origin): 71,111 (Croatia); 27,414 (Bosnia and Herzegovina); 206,000 (Kosovo), note - mostly ethnic Serbs and Roma who fled Kosovo in 1999 (2007)

Sierra Leone refugees (country of origin): 27,311 (Liberia) (2007)

Solomon Islands IDPs: 5,400 (displaced by tsunami on 2 April 2007) (2007)

Somalia IDPs: 1.1 million (civil war since 1988, clan-based competition for resources) (2007)

South Africa refugees (country of origin): 10,772 (Democratic Republic of Congo); 7,818 (Somalia); 5,759 (Angola) (2007)

Sri Lanka IDPs: 460,000 (both Tamils and non-Tamils displaced due to long-term civil war between the government and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)) (2007)

Sudan refugees (country of origin): 157,220 (Eritrea); 25,023 (Chad); 11,009 (Ethiopia); 7,895 (Uganda); 5,023 (Central African Republic) IDPs: 5.3 - 6.2 million (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region) (2007)

Syria refugees (country of origin): 1-1.4 million (Iraq); 522,100 (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)) IDPs: 305,000 (most displaced from Golan Heights during 1967 Arab-Israeli War) (2007)

Tanzania refugees (country of origin): 352,640 (Burundi); 127,973 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2007)

Thailand refugees (country of origin): 132,241 (Burma) (2007)

Timor-Leste IDPs: 100,000 (2007)

Togo refugees (country of origin): 5,000 (Ghana) IDPs: 1,500 (2007)

Turkey IDPs: 1-1.2 million (fighting 1984-99 between Kurdish PKK and Turkish military; most IDPs in southeastern provinces) (2007)

Turkmenistan refugees (country of origin): 11,173 (Tajikistan); less than 1,000 (Afghanistan) (2007)

Uganda refugees (country of origin): 215,700 (Sudan); 28,880 (Democratic Republic of Congo); 24,900 (Rwanda) IDPs: 1.27 million (350,000 IDPs returned in 2006 following ongoing peace talks between the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) and the Government of Uganda) (2007)

United States refugees (country of origin): the US admitted 62,643 refugees during FY04/05 including; 10,586 (Somalia); 8,549 (Laos); 6,666 (Russia); 6,479 (Cuba); 3,100 (Haiti); 2,136 (Iran) (2006)

Uzbekistan refugees (country of origin): 39,202 (Tajikistan); 1,060 (Afghanistan) IDPs: 3,400 (forced population transfers by government from villages near Tajikistan border) (2007)

West Bank refugees (country of origin): 722,000 (Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA)) (2007)

World the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimated that in December 2006 there was a global population of 8.8 million registered refugees and as many as 24.5 million IDPs in more than 50 countries; the actual global population of refugees is probably closer to 10 million given the estimated 1.5 million Iraqi refugees displaced throughout the Middle East (2007)

Yemen refugees (country of origin): 91,587 (Somalia) (2007)

Zambia refugees (country of origin): 42,565 (Angola); 60,874 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); 4,100 (Rwanda) (2007)

Zimbabwe refugees (country of origin): 2,500 (Democratic Republic of Congo) IDPs: 569,685 (MUGABE-led political violence, human rights violations, land reform, and economic collapse) (2007)

======================================================================

@2195

Field Listing :: GDP (official exchange rate)

This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at official exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artificially fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed. Country

GDP (official exchange rate)

Afghanistan $11.71 billion (2008 est.)

Albania $12.96 billion (2008 est.)

Algeria $159.7 billion (2008 est.)

American Samoa $462.2 million (2005)

Andorra $NA

Angola $84.95 billion (2008 est.)

Anguilla $108.9 million (2004 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda $1.224 billion (2008 est.)

Argentina $324.8 billion (2008 est.)

Armenia $11.92 billion (2008 est.)

Aruba $2.258 billion (2005 est.)

Australia $1.013 trillion (2008 est.)

Austria $414.8 billion (2008 est.)

Azerbaijan $46.38 billion (2008 est.)

Bahamas, The $7.564 billion (2008 est.)

Bahrain $21.24 billion (2008 est.)

Bangladesh $84.2 billion (2008 est.)

Barbados $3.67 billion (2008 est.)

Belarus $60.3 billion (2008 est.)

Belgium $506.2 billion (2008)

Belize $1.359 billion (2008 est.)

Benin $6.712 billion (2008 est.)

Bermuda $NA

Bhutan $1.389 billion (2008 est.)

Bolivia $16.6 billion (2008 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina $18.47 billion (2008 est.)

Botswana $13.46 billion (2008 est.)

Brazil $1.573 trillion (2008 est.)

British Virgin Islands $839.7 million (2003)

Brunei $14.55 billion (2008 est.)

Bulgaria $49.9 billion (2008)

Burkina Faso $8.116 billion (2008 est.)

Burma $26.21 billion (2008 est.)

Burundi $1.097 billion (2008 est.)

Cambodia $11.25 billion (2008 est.)

Cameroon $23.73 billion (2008 est.)

Canada $1.5 trillion (2008 est.)

Cape Verde $1.744 billion (2008 est.)

Cayman Islands $NA

Central African Republic $1.997 billion (2008 est.)

Chad $8.4 billion (2008 est.)

Chile $169.5 billion (2008 est.)

China $4.327 trillion (2008 est.)

Colombia $240.8 billion (2008 est.)

Comoros $532 million (2008 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the $11.63 billion (2008 est.)

Congo, Republic of the $10.77 billion (2008 est.)

Cook Islands $183.2 million (2005 est.)

Costa Rica $29.66 billion (2008 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire $23.51 billion (2008 est.)

Croatia $69.36 billion (2008 est.)

Cuba $54.71 billion (2008 est.)

Cyprus $24.92 billion (2008 est.)

Czech Republic $216.4 billion (2008 est.)

Denmark $340 billion (2008 est.)

Djibouti $982 million (2008 est.)

Dominica $364 million (2008 est.)

Dominican Republic $44.44 billion (2008 est.)

Ecuador $54.69 billion (2008 est.)

Egypt $162.6 billion (2008 est.)

El Salvador $22.12 billion (2008 est.)

Equatorial Guinea $18.53 billion (2008 est.)

Eritrea $1.479 billion (2008 est.)

Estonia $23.55 billion (2008 est.)

Ethiopia $26.39 billion (2008 est.)

European Union $18.14 trillion (2008 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) $105.1 million (2002 est.)

Faroe Islands $1.7 billion (2005 est.)

Fiji $3.589 billion (2008 est.)

Finland $271.9 billion (2008 est.)

France $2.867 trillion (2008 est.)

French Polynesia $6.1 billion (2004)

Gabon $14.54 billion (2008 est.)

Gambia, The $810 million (2008 est.)

Gaza Strip $6.641 billion (2008 est.) (2008 est.)

Georgia $12.86 billion (2008 est.)

Germany $3.673 trillion (2008 est.)

Ghana $16.65 billion (2008 est.)

Gibraltar $1.066 billion (2005 est.)

Greece $357.5 billion (2008 est.)

Greenland $1.7 billion (2005)

Grenada $678 million (2008 est.)

Guam $2.773 billion (2001)

Guatemala $38.98 billion (2008 est.)

Guernsey $2.742 billion (2005)

Guinea $4.517 billion (2008 est.)

Guinea-Bissau $461 million (2008 est.)

Guyana $1.154 billion (2008 est.)

Haiti $6.943 billion (2008 est.)

Honduras $14 billion (2008 est.)

Hong Kong $215.4 billion (2008 est.)

Hungary $155.9 billion (2008 est.)

Iceland $16.79 billion (2008 est.)

India $1.207 trillion (2008 est.)

Indonesia $511.8 billion (2008 est.)

Iran $335.2 billion (2008 est.)

Iraq $91.45 billion (2008 est.)

Ireland $267.6 billion (2008 est.)

Isle of Man $2.719 billion (2005 est.)

Israel $202.1 billion (2008 est.)

Italy $2.314 trillion (2008 est.)

Jamaica $14.03 billion (2008 est.)

Japan $4.911 trillion (2008 est.)

Jersey $5.1 billion (2005 est.)

Jordan $21.23 billion (2008 est.)

Kazakhstan $135.6 billion (2008 est.)

Kenya $29.56 billion (2008 est.)

Kiribati $137 million (2008 est.)

Korea, North $26.2 billion (2008 est.)

Korea, South $929.1 billion (2008 est.)

Kosovo $3.237 billion (2007 est.)

Kuwait $158.1 billion (2008 est.)

Kyrgyzstan $5.05 billion (2008 est.)

Laos $5.374 billion (2008 est.)

Latvia $33.98 billion (2008 est.)

Lebanon $29.35 billion (2008 est.)

Lesotho $1.618 billion (2008 est.)

Liberia $850 million (2008 est.)

Libya $89.92 billion (2008 est.)

Liechtenstein $4.993 billion (2007)

Lithuania $47.3 billion (2008 est.)

Luxembourg $54.97 billion (2008 est.)

Macau $22.04 billion (2008 est.)

Macedonia $9.569 billion (2008 est.)

Madagascar $9.463 billion (2008 est.)

Malawi $4.268 billion (2008 est.)

Malaysia $221.6 billion (2008 est.)

Maldives $1.261 billion (2008 est.)

Mali $8.774 billion (2008 est.)

Malta $8.37 billion (2008 est.)

Marshall Islands $161.7 million (2008 est.)

Mauritania $3.161 billion (2008 est.)

Mauritius $8.738 billion (2008 est.)

Mayotte $NA

Mexico $1.088 trillion (2008 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of $238.1 million (2008)

Moldova $6.047 billion (2008 est.)

Monaco $NA

Mongolia $5.243 billion (2008 est.)

Montenegro $4.848 billion (2008 est.)

Montserrat $NA

Morocco $88.88 billion (2008 est.)

Mozambique $9.897 billion (2008 est.)

Namibia $8.835 billion (2008 est.)

Nauru $NA

Nepal $12.28 billion (2008 est.)

Netherlands $877 billion (2008 est.)

Netherlands Antilles $NA

New Caledonia $3.3 billion (2003 est.)

New Zealand $128.4 billion (2008 est.)

Nicaragua $6.365 billion (2008 est.)

Niger $5.382 billion (2008 est.)

Nigeria $207.1 billion (2008 est.)

Niue $10.01 million (2003)

Northern Mariana Islands $633.4 million (2000)

Norway $451.8 billion (2008 est.)

Oman $59.95 billion (2008 est.)

Pakistan $164.6 billion (2008 est.)

Palau $164 million (2008)

Panama $23.09 billion (2008 est.)

Papua New Guinea $8.092 billion (2008 est.)

Paraguay $16.01 billion (2008 est.)

Peru $127.5 billion (2008 est.)

Philippines $166.9 billion (2008 est.)

Poland $527.9 billion (2008 est.)

Portugal $244.6 billion (2008 est.)

Puerto Rico $88 billion (2008 est.)

Qatar $102.3 billion (2008 est.)

Romania $200.1 billion (2008 est.)

Russia $1.677 trillion (2008 est.)

Rwanda $4.459 billion (2008 est.)

Saint Helena $NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis $546 million (2008 est.)

Saint Lucia $987 million (2008 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon $NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines $601 million (2008 est.)

Samoa $500 million (2008 est.)

San Marino $1.048 billion (2004)

Sao Tome and Principe $175 million (2008 est.)

Saudi Arabia $469.4 billion (2008 est.)

Senegal $13.35 billion (2008 est.)

Serbia $50.06 billion (2008 est.)

Seychelles $822 million (2008 est.)

Sierra Leone $1.953 billion (2008 est.)

Singapore $181.9 billion (2008 est.)

Slovakia $95.4 billion (2008 est.)

Slovenia $54.64 billion (2008 est.)

Solomon Islands $642 million (2008 est.)

Somalia $2.6 billion (2008 est.)

South Africa $276.8 billion (2008 est.)

Spain $1.602 trillion (2008 est.)

Sri Lanka $39.6 billion (2008 est.)

Sudan $58.03 billion (2008 est.)

Suriname $2.933 billion (2008 est.)

Swaziland $2.84 billion (2008 est.)

Sweden $479 billion (2008 est.)

Switzerland $500.3 billion (2008 est.)

Syria $55.02 billion (2008 est.)

Taiwan $391.4 billion (2008 est.)

Tajikistan $5.135 billion (2008 est.)

Tanzania $20.67 billion (2008 est.)

Thailand $273.3 billion (2008 est.)

Timor-Leste $499 million (2008 est.)

Togo $2.89 billion (2008 est.)

Tokelau $NA

Tonga $258 million (2008 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago $25.93 billion (2008 est.)

Tunisia $40.84 billion (2008 est.)

Turkey $730 billion (2008 est.)

Turkmenistan $29.16 billion (2008 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands $NA

Tuvalu $14.94 million (2002)

Uganda $14.57 billion (2008 est.)

Ukraine $179.6 billion (2008 est.)

United Arab Emirates $262.2 billion (2008 est.)

United Kingdom $2.68 trillion (2008 est.)

United States $14.44 trillion (2008 est.)

Uruguay $32.19 billion (2008 est.)

Uzbekistan $27.92 billion (2008 est.)

Vanuatu $573 million (2008 est.)

Venezuela $319.4 billion (2008 est.)

Vietnam $89.83 billion (2008 est.)

Virgin Islands $NA

Wallis and Futuna $NA

West Bank $6.641 billion (2008 est.) (2008 est.)

Western Sahara $NA

World GWP (gross world product): $61.22 trillion (2008 est.)