NOTES
Reading edition
The following abbreviations are used:
H.B. for Hume Brown's History of Scotland.
O.S. for Orkneyinga Saga.
O.P. for Origines Parochiales.
F.B. for Flatey Book.
O. and S. for Tudor's Orkney and Shetland.
B.N. Burnt Njal.
And see List of Authorities (ante) for full titles of Books referred to. Save where otherwise stated the references to the Sagas are to the chapters not pages.
Notes in this chapter
Note 1 · Footnote 2: (return) Royal Commission 2nd Report, 1911, and 3rd Report, 1911; see also Laing and Huxley's Prehistoric Remains of Caithness, Note 2 · Footnote 4: (return) Tacitus, Agricola 22-28.Note 3 · Footnote 5: (return) Coille-duine, or Kelyddon-ii. Footnote 6: H.B., vol. i, p. 5.Note 4 · Footnote 7: (return) Anderson, Scotland in Pagan Times, p. 222. Two plates of brass found in Craig Carrill Broch. Copper 84%, tin 16%.Note 5 · Footnote 8: (return) See Laing and Huxley's Prehistoric Remains in Caithness, Laing ascribes a much greater antiquity to the Burgs, pp. 60-6Note 6 · Footnote 9: (return) See Reeves' Life, and see H.B., vol. i, pp. 12-15; also Dr. Joseph Anderson's Scotland in Early Christian Times, 1879, Note 7 · Footnote 10: (return) H.B., vol. i, pp. 10-17.Note 8 · Footnote 1: (return) See MacBain's note at p. 157 of Skene's Highlanders of Scotland.Note 9 · Footnote 2: (return) For the boundaries of Sutherland, see Sir R. Gordon's Genealogie of the Earles, pp. i and 2, and map hereto.Note 10 · Footnote 3: (return) In Ness the subjacent stone is too near the surface to have ever admitted of the growth of large trees.Note 11 · Footnote 4: (return) Scrope, Days of Deerstalking, 3rd edit., pp. 374-377.Note 12 · Footnote 5: (return) Curie's Inventories of Monuments, &c., 1911 (Caithness) 1911 (Sutherland), and see his maps. Why are there no brochs inNote 13 · Footnote 6: (return) For example in Loch Naver.Note 14 · Footnote 7: (return) Anderson's Scotland in Pagan Times, pp. 174-259.Note 15 · Footnote 8: (return) See Munro's Prehistoric Scotland, p. 356.Note 16 · Footnote 9: (return) Often spelt Mormaor. See Ritson, Annals of the Caledonians, pp. 62-3.Note 17 · Footnote 22: (return) See Scotland in Early Christian Times (Anderson), pp. 141-2.Note 18 · Footnote 11: (return) Despite The Pictish Nation, pp. 69 and 401. But see Skene, Chron. Picts and Scots (Annals of Tighernac) p. 75, where 1Note 19 · Footnote 12: (return) See Du Chaillu, The Viking Age, vol. ii. pp. 65-101.Note 20 · Footnote 13: (return) Worsaae, The Prehistory of the North, pp. 184-7. Scandinavian Britain, pp. 34-42.Note 21 · Footnote 14: (return) Viking Society's Orkney and Shetland Folk, 1914.Note 22 · Footnote 15: (return) Robertson, Early Kings, vol. i, p. 105, and ii, p. 469.Note 23 · Footnote 16: (return) Dun-bretan, or the fort of the Britons; Alcluyd, the rock of the Clyde.Note 24 · Footnote 1: (return) H.B., vol. i, p. 22.Note 25 · Footnote 2: (return) Chron. Hunt. Skene, Chron. Picts and Scots, p. 209.Note 26 · Footnote 3: (return) See also Rhys, Celtic Britain, p. 198.Note 27 · Footnote 4: (return) Flatey Book, vol. i, ch. 218.Note 28 · Footnote 5: (return) H.B., vol. i, p. 27.Note 29 · Footnote 6: (return) Haroldswick in Unst is said to have been called after King Harald. Tudor, O. and S., p. 570.Note 30 · Footnote 7: (return) Ekkjals-bakki is clearly Oykel's Bank, the high bank or ὄχθη ὑψηλή of Ptolemy. "Ochill" is the same word. As for Bakke,Note 31 · Footnote 8: (return) O.S., ch. 4, 5.Note 32 · Footnote 9: (return) The late Dr. Joass had identified the site of the burial mound. It is said to be Croc Skardie on the S.E. bank of the RNote 33 · Footnote 10: (return) H.B., i., p. 28.Note 34 · Footnote 11: (return) See Skene's Chronicles of the Picts and Scots, pp. 8, 9 and lxxv, and Celtic Scotland, vol. i, 339, note.Note 35 · Footnote 2: (return) An able paper on this subject by the late Mr. R.L. Bremner was read to the Viking Society, and it is hoped may be printNote 36 · Footnote 13: (return) See Genealogie of the Earles, pp. 1 and 2, as to the "boundaries of Southerland."Note 37 · Footnote 14: (return) F.B., vol. i, pp. 221-9. See Trans. of O.S., Hjaltalin and Goudie, App. pp. 203-212. See also St. Olaf's Saga, c. cix.Note 38 · Footnote 15: (return) The "scurvy Kalf" and "tree-bearded Thorir."Note 39 · Footnote 16: (return) O.S., ch. 6, 7.Note 40 · Footnote 17: (return) O.S., ch. 8, on Rinar's Hill. Tudor, O. and S., p. 364.Note 41 · Footnote 18: (return) O.S., ch. 80. But see Heimskringla, Saga Library, i, 96 and St. Olaf's Saga, ch. cv and cvii.Note 42 · Footnote 19: (return) See Blackwood's Magazine, April 1920; an able and interesting article intituled A Branch of the Family, by J. Storer CNote 43 · Footnote 20: (return) F.B., ch. 183, 184.Note 44 · Footnote 21: (return) Tudor, Orkney and Shetland, p. 336.Note 45 · Footnote 22: (return) Torf. Orc., p. 25, "facile de alieno largientis."Note 46 · Footnote 23: (return) F.B., 115. O.P., 783. F.B., 186. O.S., 10, 11. O.S., 8. Skene, Celtic Scotland, i, 374-9.Note 47 · Footnote 24: (return) Dalrymple, Collections, p. 99.Note 48 · Footnote 25: (return) Viking Society, Orkney and Shetland Folk, 1914, p. 5.Note 49 · Footnote 26: (return) O.P., (Canisbay), vol. ii, 794, 816.Note 50 · Footnote 27: (return) O.S., 11.Note 51 · Footnote 28: (return) B.N., c. 85.Note 52 · Footnote 29: (return) O.S., 12. F.B., 187. The F.B. makes the scene of this battle Skitten Moor.Note 53 · Footnote 30: (return) F.B., 187.Note 54 · Footnote 31: (return) Thorgisl, I, 4. (Orig. Islandicae, ii, p. 635.) In The Old Statistical Account (Tongue) there is a tradition of such aNote 55 · Footnote 32: (return) p. 23.Note 56 · Footnote 33: (return) See Sir Wm. Fraser's Book of Sutherland, and Pedigree in Appendix. There is a Craig Amlaiph (Olaf) above Torboll and CNote 57 · Footnote 34: (return) See The Pictish Nation and Church, pp. 129-32, and 341.Note 58 · Footnote 35: (return) See Darratha-liod, published by the Viking Club, 1910.Note 59 · Footnote 36: (return) Burnt Njal, c. 151.Note 60 · Footnote 37: (return) Iceland accepted Christianity by a vote of its Thing in 1000 A.D. "Blood" often fell in Iceland; after a volcanic erupNote 61 · Footnote 38: (return) Tudor, O. and S., p. 20.Note 62 · Footnote 39: (return) Rods used for dividing and pressing downwards.Note 63 · Footnote 40: (return) See Scandinavian Britain (Collingwood), p. 256-7, where Mr. Gilbert Goudie's Antiquities of Shetland is referred to.Note 64 · Footnote 1: (return) Reg. Morav., p. xxiv, and Charter No. 264, p. 342.Note 65 · Footnote 2: (return) Dunbar, Scottish Kings, pp. 4-7.Note 66 · Footnote 3: (return) Some authorities hold that Macbeth was the son of a sister of Malcolm. His property was probably in Ross and Cromarty. Note 67 · Footnote 4: (return) Skuli was first Earl of Caithness, which then included Sutherland, see ante, but he was Norse.Note 68 · Footnote 5: (return) O.S., 16.Note 69 · Footnote 6: (return) Trithing—the same word as Riding in Yorkshire, one-third. See Scot. Hist. Review, Oct. 1918. J. Storer Clouston. UlfrekNote 70 · Footnote 7: (return) O.S., 17, 18.Note 71 · Footnote 8: (return) O.S., 20, 21, and St. Olaf's Saga, cix.Note 72 · Footnote 9: (return) O.S., 22.Note 73 · Footnote 10: (return) O.S., 22. See Corpus Poeticum Boreale, vol. ii, pp. 180-3, 195 and notes.Note 74 · Footnote 11: (return) O.S., 22. Dunbar, Scottish Kings, p. 15 and note 22. The Standing Stane was removed to Altyre about 1820. See Romilly Note 75 · Footnote 12: (return) O.S., 22.Note 76 · Footnote 13: (return) O.S., 22, 23.Note 77 · Footnote 14: (return) Robertson, Early Kings, vol. i, p. 116 and note, 116 and 117.Note 78 · Footnote 15: (return) O.S., 23, 24, 25, 26. St. Olaf's Saga, c. cviii, ccxlv.Note 79 · Footnote 16: (return) O.S., 27. These raids are unknown to English historians.Note 80 · Footnote 17: (return) O.S., 30.Note 81 · Footnote 18: (return) O.S., 31.Note 82 · Footnote 19: (return) O.S., 33, 34. See Tudor's Orkney and Shetland, p. 356. "Roland's Geo" is at the N. end of Papa Stronsay.Note 83 · Footnote 20: (return) "Christ Church" in the Sagas denotes a Cathedral Church.Note 84 · Footnote 21: (return) O.S., 37. See Chronicles of the Picts and Scots (Skene), p. 78.Note 85 · Footnote 22: (return) O.S., 13-39.Note 86 · Footnote 23: (return) Pope, Torf. (Trans.), p. 62 note. See Genealogie of the Earles, p. 135.Note 87 · Footnote 1: (return) Short Magnus Saga, I. O.S., 37.Note 88 · Footnote 2: (return) O.S., 38.Note 89 · Footnote 3: (return) See Orkney and Shetland Folk (Viking Society, 1914), A.W. Johnston's note, p. 35. See Dunbar's Scottish Kings, p. 7.Note 90 · Footnote 4: (return) See Dalrymple's Collections (1705), p. 153 for the date of Malcolm's marriage with St. Margaret, p. 157, where he puts Note 91 · Footnote 5: (return) Rolls Edition O.S., p. 45, c. 30. She must have died before 1068 when Malcolm Canmore married Margaret, daughter of EdwNote 92 · Footnote 6: (return) The O.S. mentions only Duncan. The other sons seem doubtful. But see Dunbar, Scottish Kings, p. 31 and notes, and p. 38Note 93 · Footnote 7: (return) O.S., 40.Note 94 · Footnote 8: (return) As to the Bishop, see Orkney and Shetland Records, pp. 3-8; and as to their quarrels, see O.S., 40.; Magnus Saga the LoNote 95 · Footnote 9: (return) So called because he wore the kilt, in its original form, not the philabeg.Note 96 · Footnote 10: (return) Magnus Saga, 10, 11 and 20. The story of this time is confused and difficult. Torfaeus, trans., p. 85 and Torfaeus OrcNote 97 · Footnote 11: (return) O.S., 45.Note 98 · Footnote 12: (return) Magnus Saga the Longer, c. 10 to 28. O.S., c. 46 to 55. There is little doubt but that Magnus was the Scottish candidaNote 99 · Footnote 13: (return) Who was Dufnjal? What does "firnari en broethrungr" mean? Who was Duncan the Earl? Possibly the Norse expression meansNote 100 · Footnote 14: (return) Paplay, Thora's home, was probably in Firth Parish in mainland, near Finstown. Short Magnus Saga, c. 18, not "twenty,"Note 101 · Footnote 15: (return) Viking Club Miscellany, vol. i, pp. 43-65 (J. Stefansson), but the authorship is disputed.Note 102 · Footnote 16: (return) O.S., 47Note 103 · Footnote 17: (return) O.S., 48. Both Hakon and Magnus were about five-sixths Norse.Note 104 · Footnote 18: (return) O.S., c. 55; Magnus Saga, 30.Note 105 · Footnote 19: (return) O.S., 56.Note 106 · Footnote 20: (return) See Reg. Dunfermelyn, No. 1 and 23 (p. 14); Lawrie, Scot. Charters, pp. 100, 179; Viking Club, Caithness and SutherlanNote 107 · Footnote 21: (return) Reg. Dunfermelyn, No. 24 (p. 14). Supposed to be the Huchterhinche of St. Gilbert's Charter to the Cathedral of DurnacNote 108 · Footnote 22: (return) Dunbar, Scot. Kings, pp. 51, 60, 61, 63. The name is spelt "Fretheskin" also.Note 109 · Footnote 23: (return) Possibly 1120.Note 110 · Footnote 24: (return) See History and Antiq. of the Parish of Uphall by the Rev. J. Primrose (1898).Note 111 · Footnote 25: (return) Family of Kilravoch, p. 61. Robertson, Early Kings, ii, 497, note.Note 112 · Footnote 26: (return) See Familie of Innes (Spalding Club), pp. 2. 51, 52.Note 113 · Footnote 27: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. I, p. 7, and see map of Cat.Note 114 · Footnote 28: (return) See Pedigree in Appendix. Reg. Morav., c. 99, p. 114. Freskyn I was his attavus, or great-great-grandfather.Note 115 · Footnote 29: (return) Reg. Morav. p. 139, ch. 126.Note 116 · Footnote 1: (return) O.S., 57, 58.Note 117 · Footnote 2: (return) O.S., 56, 57.Note 118 · Footnote 3: (return) O.S., 58.Note 119 · Footnote 4: (return) O.S., 58.Note 120 · Footnote 5: (return) Pope, Torfaeus (trans.), note p. 133.Note 121 · Footnote 6: (return) Can she have inhabited the Broch at Feranach, which had six chambers in the thickness of the wall, (Curle's Inventory, Note 122 · Footnote 7: (return) O.S., 58.Note 123 · Footnote 8: (return) O.S., 59.Note 124 · Footnote 9: (return) O.S., 61, 62, 63, 65, c.f. the modern phrase "a young hopeful."Note 125 · Footnote 10: (return) O.S., 66.Note 126 · Footnote 11: (return) O.S., 68.Note 127 · Footnote 12: (return) O.S., 69, 70, 71, 72, 73-80.Note 128 · Footnote 13: (return) See Tudor, Orkney and Shetland, pp. 35 and 375.Note 129 · Footnote 14: (return) See note to Hjaltalin and Goudie O.S., p. 107, where Atjokl's-bakki is suggested as an emendation, and also p. 115.Note 130 · Footnote 15: (return) Maiming made a Northman impossible.Note 131 · Footnote 16: (return) O.S., 81.Note 132 · Footnote 17: (return) O.S., 81.Note 133 · Footnote 18: (return) O.S., 82.Note 134 · Footnote 19: (return) Guides would be easily got from Elgin. For the MacHeths, constantly fled to the wilds of Cat for refuge, before, in 12Note 135 · Footnote 20: (return) i.e. The Minch. It is said that he was the ancestor of the Macaulays of the Lewis, but Macaulay means son of Olaf, notNote 136 · Footnote 21: (return) O.S., 88. Earl Waltheof must have been a neighbour of Freskyn in Moray.Note 137 · Footnote 22: (return) O.S., 86.Note 138 · Footnote 23: (return) O.S., 89. Ragnvald's verses are collected in Corpus Poet Boreale, vol. ii, pp. 276-7. See Tudor, O. and S. p., 471.Note 139 · Footnote 24: (return) Whence the English expression "bound" for a destination by sea, i.e. "equipped," which is also a Norse word which has Note 140 · Footnote 25: (return) O.S., 91. Bilbao=the sea-borg on the River Nervion, not Narbonne, see Rolls Ed., p. 163, note, and Introduction, p. liNote 141 · Footnote 26: (return) O.S., 89-99.Note 142 · Footnote 27: (return) O.S., 99 and 100.Note 143 · Footnote 28: (return) He was grandson of Hacon Paulson, a grandson of Thorfinn, and he was also a grandson of Helga, Moddan's daughter.Note 144 · Footnote 29: (return) O.S., 100.Note 145 · Footnote 30: (return) See Tudor, O. and S., p. 344.Note 146 · Footnote 31: (return) O.S., 101. Who this Erlend the Young was is unknown, but he can hardly have been Jarl Erlend Haraldson, Margret's nephNote 147 · Footnote 32: (return) O.S., 102. Ingigerd would thus be born not later than 1136. She is possibly the "Ingigerthr, of women the most beautifNote 148 · Footnote 33: (return) O.S., 102, not "from Beruvik," but "from the bridal" (brudkaupi) probably.Note 149 · Footnote 34: (return) This may be another headland. Brimsness is suggested. O.P., ii, 801, contra.Note 150 · Footnote 35: (return) O.S., 103, 104.Note 151 · Footnote 36: (return) O.S., 105. See as to Ellar-holm (Helliar-holm) Tudor, O. and S., 283.Note 152 · Footnote 37: (return) O.S., 110, 111.Note 153 · Footnote 38: (return) O.S., 111.Note 154 · Footnote 39: (return) Curle, Early Mon. Suthd., p. 108 No. 316; and note that the horns of the elk or reindeer have been found in SutherlandNote 155 · Footnote 40: (return) Thorsdale is the valley of the Thurso River. Calfdale is the Calder Valley.Note 156 · Footnote 41: (return) Force; possibly Forsie, or some waterfall said to be near Achavarn on Loch Calder at the S.E. end of it. Halvard is inNote 157 · Footnote 42: (return) O.S., 112, 113. "Ergin" is the plural of airidh, airidhean or "sheilings."Note 158 · Footnote 43: (return) Torfaeus. Lib. 1, c. 36, sub. fin., with Papal authority (sed quaere).Note 159 · Footnote 44: (return) Ingibiorg or Elin possibly married Gilchrist, Earl of Angus, as his second wife. But as to this the Sagas are silent.Note 160 · Footnote 45: (return) O.S., 113. See O.S., Dasent trans., p. 225. Hakon Saga, 169, Rolls edition.Note 161 · Footnote 1: (return) O.S., 114. There is a Mac William Earl of Caithness on record in 1129. Seats Peerage (Paul).Note 162 · Footnote 2: (return) O.S., 81. O.S., Dasent trans., p. 225.Note 163 · Footnote 3: (return) O.S., 115-118.Note 164 · Footnote 4: (return) Torf. Orc., p. 153. He declined to come and fetch her.Note 165 · Footnote 5: (return) O.S. Addenda, p. 225. Rolls edition, trans.Note 166 · Footnote 6: (return) Sverri Saga, 90-93.Note 167 · Footnote 7: (return) Scottish Peerage, vol. viii, p. 318 sqq.Note 168 · Footnote 8: (return) Quoted by Nisbet, Heraldry, App. p. 183, and Dalrymple's Collections, 1705, pp. 66-7 "quas terras pater suus Friskin teNote 169 · Footnote 9: (return) Shaw's Moray, Edit. 1775, p. 75, "several sons." Reg. Morav. p. 10, and Nos. 12, 13, 19. See Records of the Monastery oNote 170 · Footnote 10: (return) See Lawrie Annals, p. 389 and Chron. Mailros, p, 113. See Records of Kinloss, p. 113, "Andreas filius Willelmi FresekiNote 171 · Footnote 11: (return) Reg. Morav., No. 1 charter of Skelbo to Gilbert. Hugo grants it "Testibus Willielmo fratre meo, Andrea fratre meo." SeNote 172 · Footnote 12: (return) Shaw's Moray, edit. 1775, p. 75, and note ante, and p. 407, No. xxviii, "Willelmi filii Willelmi filii Freskini."Note 173 · Footnote 13: (return) Paul, Scot. Peerage (Sutherland), quotes Reg. Mag. Sigil. Augt. 1452.Note 174 · Footnote 14: (return) See Robertson's Index, p. xix. O.P., ii, p. 543.Note 175 · Footnote 15: (return) O.P. II, ii, 655. Acta Parl. Scot., 1, p. 606, Robertson's Index, p. xxiv.Note 176 · Footnote 16: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. iii, p. 1. It may have been hoped that Gilbert would succeed the maimed Bishop John, Reg. Morav.Note 177 · Footnote 17: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. iii, p. 2. The tenure was thus by Scottish service of these lands, and so also of Sutherland itsNote 178 · Footnote 18: (return) Reg. Morav. xxxv, a late marginal note.Note 179 · Footnote 19: (return) Lawrie, Early Scot. Charters, pp. 185 and 430, note, which puts the date at 1147-1150. Children, however, did witness Note 180 · Footnote 20: (return) O.P., ii, 486. Reg. Morav., xxxv, note q. Nos. 259, 215, 216; and O.P. ii, 482; and as to Freskin's succession, see NoNote 181 · Footnote 21: (return) Reg. Morav. xiii, and No. 211.Note 182 · Footnote 22: (return) See Early Pedigree of the Freskyns at the end of this book. See Reg. Morav., p. 89 (No. 80) and p. 133 (No. 121).Note 183 · Footnote 23: (return) This may have happened a year earlier.Note 184 · Footnote 24: (return) Skene, Celtic Scotland, vol. i, p. 470, quotes Will. Newburgh Chron., b. 1, c. xxiv. Malcolm was personated by Wemund Note 185 · Footnote 25: (return) Fordun, Annals 4. Mackay, Book of Mackay, p. 24.Note 186 · Footnote 26: (return) Robertson, Early Kings, vol. i, pp. 360-1. As to the name Macheth and Macbeth, see Scottish Hist. Rev. 1920-1. We beliNote 187 · Footnote 27: (return) Shaw's Moray, edit. 1775, p. 391, No. xiv. Innes says Berowald was no Fleming.Note 188 · Footnote 28: (return) See Viking Club's Year Book, iv, 1911-12, notes pp. 18-20.Note 189 · Footnote 29: (return) O.S. III. This may be a translation of Loch Glendhu.Note 190 · Footnote 30: (return) F.B., Addenda to O.S., trans. Dasent, Rolls edit.Note 191 · Footnote 31: (return) Charter of St. Gilbert's Cathedral. Sutherland Book, vol. iii, p. 3, No. 4. Robertson's Index, p. 16. Reg. DunfermelynNote 192 · Footnote 32: (return) Sverri's Saga (Sephton, pp. 114 to 117), c. 90-93.Note 193 · Footnote 33: (return) O.P., 11, ii, pp. 598 and 735. Lib. Eccles. de Scon, p. 37, No. 58. Viking Club, Caithness and Sutherland Records, p. Note 194 · Footnote 34: (return) The Sutherland Book quotes this opinion, vol. 1, p. 9, and Lord Hailes had special knowledge, see Annals of Scotland (Note 195 · Footnote 35: (return) O.P. Preface, p. xxi, and pp. 458 and 529; and 413-4.Note 196 · Footnote 36: (return) Scottish Kings, Dunbar, p, 80.Note 197 · Footnote 37: (return) Lib. Pluscard, xxxvi, 1197-8. Chron. Mailros, 1197.Note 198 · Footnote 38: (return) If it were true, as his son Hakon had died in 1171, it would prove the death of Henry of Ross, Harold's eldest son by Note 199 · Footnote 39: (return) O.S. (Dasent trans.), p. 225. Torfaeus Orcades, i, c. 38.Note 200 · Footnote 40: (return) O.S. (Rolls Ed.), pp. 226-231. It was nearer, and close to Thurso.Note 201 · Footnote 41: (return) See Hoveden Chron., vol. iv, pp. 10-12, and Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, pp. 316-8. (Alan O. Anderson.)Note 202 · Footnote 42: (return) O.P. ii, 803.Note 203 · Footnote 43: (return) Dalharrold afterwards belonged to Johanna of Strathnaver. Reg. Morav., p. 139, No. 126. Pope, Torfaeus, trans., Note pNote 204 · Footnote 44: (return) Only three are named, but six are afterwards referred to. For Pope Innocent's letter see O. and S. Records, vol. 1, p.Note 205 · Footnote 45: (return) O.S., Dasent, Rolls edit., pp. 228-30. It is not clear that the bishop lived till 1213. See Two Ancient Records of theNote 206 · Footnote 46: (return) He was there when Bishop Adam was murdered in that year.Note 207 · Footnote 47: (return) This is a very large number and hardly credible. It was not 6000. Can Eystein be the Island Stone, the Man of the Ord?Note 208 · Footnote 48: (return) Bain, Calendar of Documents, Nos. 321 and 324.Note 209 · Footnote 49: (return) O.S., Rolls edit., p. 230.Note 210 · Footnote 50: (return) Sverri Saga, 118, 119, 125.Note 211 · Footnote 51: (return) Lord Hailes' Addional Case of Elizabeth, claimant of the Earldom of Sutherland, p. 8, and see Robertson, Early Kings, Note 212 · Footnote 52: (return) One of the Gordons of Garty in Sutherland.Note 213 · Footnote 1: (return) See Peter Clauson Undal's Translation of the lost Inga Saga, O.S., Dasent's trans., Rolls ed., pp. 234-6, from which DaNote 214 · Footnote 2: (return) O.S., Rolls edit., p. 231.Note 215 · Footnote 3: (return) Scotichronicon, VIII, clxxvi.Note 216 · Footnote 4: (return) Fordun Gesta Annal., xxviii, Lawrie Annals, p. 397, "circa festum S. Petri ad vincula", i.e., Augt. 1. 1214. There is nNote 217 · Footnote 5: (return) Chron. Mailros, p. 114; Lawrie, p. 395.Note 218 · Footnote 6: (return) Hakon Saga, c. 20.Note 219 · Footnote 7: (return) Do. c. 45.Note 220 · Footnote 8: (return) Flatey Book; Rolls edit., O.S. p. 232. Breithivellir means Broadfield.Note 221 · Footnote 9: (return) At Skinnet first; then, in 1239, at Dornoch even more worthily and in state.Note 222 · Footnote 10: (return) Flatey Book; Rolls edit. O.S., p. 232.Note 223 · Footnote 11: (return) Province of Cat, p. 73; see Wyntoun Chron., vii, c. 9.Note 224 · Footnote 12: (return) See Robertson's Index, p. xxv.Note 225 · Footnote 13: (return) See Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers, Alan O. Anderson, pp. 336-7, where the Chronicle of Melrose, 139, (1222)Note 226 · Footnote 14: (return) Wyntoun Chron. vii, c. 9.Note 227 · Footnote 15: (return) Hakon Saga, c. 86.Note 228 · Footnote 16: (return) Do. c. 101. The Iceland Annals prove Harald's drowning.Note 229 · Footnote 17: (return) Hakon Saga, c. 162, 165 and 167.Note 230 · Footnote 18: (return) Snaekollr means Snowball. Being largely of Norse blood, he was probably a fair Viking.Note 231 · Footnote 19: (return) Hakon Saga, 169.Note 232 · Footnote 20: (return) See Tudor's Orkney and Shetland, p. 344 and p. 53, and Hakon Saga, 169-171.Note 233 · Footnote 21: (return) Hakon Saga, 173.Note 234 · Footnote 22: (return) Not gydinga. Flatey Book, iii, p. 528; Torf. Orc., ii, p. 163.Note 235 · Footnote 23: (return) Pope, Torfaeus (trans.), p. 184, note.Note 236 · Footnote 24: (return) No. 126.Note 237 · Footnote 1: (return) One daughter married Olaf, who was killed at Floruvagr in battle in 1194, see O.S., Rolls edit., pp. 230-1 (trans.) DasNote 238 · Footnote 2: (return) Notably in Paul's Scottish Peerage sub Angus and Caithness.Note 239 · Footnote 3: (return) Ancestor of the Ogilvies, Earls of Airlie.Note 240 · Footnote 4: (return) Scots Peerage (Cokayne & Gibbs), sub Angus and Caithness. Dalrymple, Collections, p. 220.Note 241 · Footnote 5: (return) Reg. Aberbrothoc, pp. 163 and 262, 1227, Jan. 16, "Magno filio comitis de Anegus."Note 242 · Footnote 6: (return) Robertson, Early Kings, vol. ii, p. 23 (note), who quotes Reg. Dunfermelyn, No. 80, Reg. Morav. 110; Lib. Holyrood, 58,Note 243 · Footnote 7: (return) Shaw, Moray, 1775, p. 387, No. iv.Note 244 · Footnote 8: (return) i.e., Malcolm's.Note 245 · Footnote 9: (return) Surely an error for "Gilchrist." Footnote 10: See Dalrymple's Collections, 1705, pp. lxxiii-iv, where "North Caithness"Note 246 · Footnote 11: (return) This was William de Federeth II, son of Christian, not her husband of the same name.Note 247 · Footnote 12: (return) This was Sir Reginald Cheyne III.Note 248 · Footnote 13: (return) "Gilchrist" not "Gillebride" all through this quotation.Note 249 · Footnote 14: (return) Gilchrist, however, died in 1204.Note 250 · Footnote 15: (return) Not, we think, of Erlend, but of Paul. But South Caithness probably belonged to the Erlend share, i.e., Latheron and WNote 251 · Footnote 16: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. 1, p. 12, note.Note 252 · Footnote 17: (return) Robertson's Index, p. 62.Note 253 · Footnote 18: (return) Reg. Morav., p. 341. O.P., vol. ii, 709.Note 254 · Footnote 19: (return) Can the Mallard or Mallart be Abhainn na mala airde, "the river of the high brow"? Another interpretation, Abhain na mNote 255 · Footnote 21: (return) Marriages, however, of persons of unsuitable ages were freely made in these old times.Note 256 · Footnote 22: (return) Norse jarldoms were not given to females, but the jarldom of Orkney was, failing sons, given to the sons of daughters Note 257 · Footnote 23: (return) Reg. Morav., 215, 216; O.P., vol. ii, p. 486.Note 258 · Footnote 24: (return) O.P., ii, p. 482. Euphamia or Eufemia is a Ross family name for centuries. Reg. Morav., p. 333.Note 259 · Footnote 25: (return) Bain, vol. 1, year 1258-9.Note 260 · Footnote 26: (return) St. Andrew's, pp. 346 and 347; and for the charter see Reg. Morav., p. 138.Note 261 · Footnote 27: (return) Reg. Morav., p. xxxvi. We do not lay stress upon this argument from the endowment of two chaplains; but it may import Note 262 · Footnote 28: (return) We can, however, trace many parts of "Lord" Chen's lands. For they are called the lands of "Lord" Chen in the descriptNote 263 · Footnote 1: (return) Reg. Morav., pp. 88, 89, 99, 101, 333. Knighted 1215, was earl in 1226, founded the Abbey of Fearn before 1230, died abNote 264 · Footnote 2: (return) Robertson's Index, p. xxi.Note 265 · Footnote 3: (return) Hakon Saga, 245 and 307.Note 266 · Footnote 4: (return) Genealogie of the Earles, p. 30, and Sutherland Book, vol. ii, p. 3 No. 4; O.P., ii, 647 note. This is not the Cross noNote 267 · Footnote 5: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. iii, p. 3, No. 4. See also Two Ancient Records of Caithness, Bannatyne Club. The bishop himself wNote 268 · Footnote 6: (return) Genealogie of the Earles, pp. 6 and 31; O.P., ii, 601.Note 269 · Footnote 7: (return) Liber Eccles. de Scon, p. 45, No. 73. Viking Club, Sutherland and Caithness Records, No. 8, pp. 12 and 13.Note 270 · Footnote 8: (return) O.P., ii, p. 603. As regards the marriage of Iye Mor Mackay to the daughter of Walter de Baltroddi (Bishop), see Book oNote 271 · Footnote 9: (return) Hakon Saga, 312, 314.Note 272 · Footnote 10: (return) Do. 317.Note 273 · Footnote 11: (return) Sutherland Book, vol. 1, p. 15. Genealogie of the Earls, p. 33.Note 274 · Footnote 12: (return) Hakon Saga, 319.Note 275 · Footnote 13: (return) Hakon Saga, 318. As to the hostages and their expenses see Compot. Camer. 1-31. From additions to Hakon's Saga, Rolls Note 276 · Footnote 14: (return) Hakon Saga, 319. The calculation was made by Sir David Brewster.Note 277 · Footnote 15: (return) Also called Port Droman. Possibly Hals-eyar-vik = neck-island-bay.Note 278 · Footnote 16: (return) Hakon Saga, 318.Note 279 · Footnote 17: (return) Hakon Saga, 327.Note 280 · Footnote 18: (return) There is a tradition that Hakon slaughtered cattle on Lechvuaies, a rock in Loch Erriboll.Note 281 · Footnote 19: (return) Hakon Saga, 328-331. Goafiord—Eilean Hoan at the entrance to Loch Erriboll still retains the name.Note 282 · Footnote 20: (return) See Tudor, Orkney and Shetland, p. 307. What happened to Earl Magnus III, who in July 1263 had been obliged to join hiNote 283 · Footnote 1: (return) Scandinavian Britain, p. 62. To Orkney and Shetland they came mainly from the fjords north of Bergen.Note 284 · Footnote 2: (return) Oxford Essays, 1858, p. 165, Dasent, an admirable account of the Norsemen in Iceland.Note 285 · Footnote 3: (return) Hume Brown, History, ante.Note 286 · Footnote 4: (return) Scandinavian Britain, p. 35.Note 287 · Footnote 5: (return) See Norse Influence on Celtic Scotland (Henderson), passim; and Sutherland and the Reay Country, (Rev. Adam Gunn), chapNote 288 · Footnote 6: (return) Viking Club, Old Lore Miscell., vol. ii, 213; vol. iii, 14, 182, 234.Note 289 · Footnote 7: (return) See Burnt Njal, (Dasent) for a plan and elevation of a Skali. Skelpick may be Skaill-beg, or Little Hall.Note 290 · Footnote 8: (return) Ruins of Saga-time (in Iceland) by Thorsteinn Erlingson, David Nutt (1899).Note 291 · Footnote 9: (return) See his Essay with plans in the Saga Book of the Viking Club, vol. iii, pp. 174-216.Note 292 · Footnote 10: (return) i.e. Broadfield; see O.S., Rolls edition, p. 232, formerly Brathwell.Note 293 · Footnote 11: (return) Mousa in Shetland was twice so used, by two honeymoon pairs. See Tudor, O. and S., p. 481.Note 294 · Footnote 12: (return) O.P., vol. ii, 758.Note 295 · Footnote 13: (return) O.S., 84, 100 and 22; 58, 78, 100, 101, 102, 113, and pp. 226, 227, 228, in Rolls edition. Hjalmundal is the strath, nNote 296 · Footnote 14: (return) We find in Latheron in Caithness "Golsary" the shieling of Gol. Platagall, see O.P., ii, p. 680.Note 297 · Footnote 15: (return) The bodily form often follows that of fathers of a fair race, it is said.Note 298 · Footnote 16: (return) See p. 21.Note 299 · Footnote 17: (return) Frontispiece to vol. 1 of Du Chaillu's Viking Age.Note 300 · Footnote 18: (return) See Scotland in Early Christian Times, Dr. Joseph Anderson's Rhind Lectures in 1879, pp. 141-2; Scandinavian Britain, Note 301 · Footnote 19: (return) Saga of Erik the Red and St. Olaf's Saga. See Orig. Islandicae, vol. ii, Bk. v, pp. 588-756 "Explorers."Note 302 · Footnote 20: (return) Yet see the Romance of Guillaume le Roi, Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, vol. iii, Francisque Michel.Note 303 · Footnote 21: (return) As witness the Seaforths (Sæ-fjorthr) of the 51st Division in France.Note 304 · Footnote 22: (return) Vol. 1, p. 45. See also Burton's History of Scotland, vol. i, chapter xi, and vol. ii, pp. 14 and 15.