GENERAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL INDEX TO THE DIRECT AND CROSS ROADS CONTAINED IN THIS WORK. COMPREHENDING ALL THE CITIES, BOROUGHS, MARKET TOWNS, VILLAGES, POST STAGES, AND OTHER REMARKABLE OBJECTS, WHETHER SITUATED ON, OR CONTIGUOUS TO, THE ROAD, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF EACH, TOGETHER WITH THE DISTANCE OF THE SAME FROM LONDON. (continued 2)

53 Duncton Hill, Sussex, 39.

111 Dunkerton, Somerset, 187. A parish containing 46 houses, and 238 inhabitants.

89 Dunkirk, Wilts, 199.

37 Dunk’s Place, Kent, 19.

55 Dunstan’s, St., Kent, 8. A parish containing 132 houses, and 707 inhabitants.

21 Dunton Green, Kent, 17.

Durrington, Sussex, 218.

E.

38 Early Common, Berks, 177.

59 Eartham, Sussex, 42. A parish containing 19 houses, and 114 inhabitants.

59 Eartham Common, Sussex, 42.

49 Easebourn, Sussex, 34. A parish containing 90 houses, and 764 inhabitants.

61 Eastergate, Sussex, 42. A parish containing 21 houses, and 163 inhabitants.

64 Eddington, Berks, 181. (Population included with Chilton)

139 Edington, Somerset, 191. A hamlet situated on a Moor, containing 46 houses, and 284 inhabitants. A number of clay moulds have been found here for making Roman coins, some of them joined with the metal in them, 20 of which are still preserved in the Ashmolean Museum.

52 Egdean, Sussex, 43. A small parish, containing 11 houses, and 72 inhabitants.

51 Egdean Common, Sussex, 43.

18 Egham, Surrey, 71. A parish containing 363 houses, and 2190 inhabitants. On Runny Mead are annual horse races, which are well attended.

19 Egham Common, Surrey, 71.

120 Emborrow, Somerset, 189. A township containing 54 houses, and 241 inhabitants.

Emsworth, Hants, 215. A hamlet to the parish of Warblington, pleasantly situated close to the sea, and noted for the peculiar flavour of its oysters. A small neat chapel has been erected here, the parish church of Warblington being above a mile distant.

Emsworth Harbour, Sussex, 215.

End, East, Hants, 212.

End, East, Wilts, 207.

End, West, Hants, 212.

45 Englefield, Berks, 178. A parish containing 62 houses, and 336 inhabitants.

246 Enoder, St., Cornwall, 157. A parish containing 159 houses, and 869 inhabitants.

14 Epsom, Surrey, 62. This village is delightfully situated on the west side of Banstead Downs, near which are some medicinal springs, discovered in 1618, formerly in much repute, but now, like most of those near London, quite neglected. This place is but badly supplied with water, chiefly from a pond in the middle of the town, at one end of which is the town close. The church stands about a mile and a half from the town. On the Downs are annual horse races, which are generally much frequented. The race-course being on an elevated situation, commands an extensive view of the surrounding country. Epsom contains 414 houses, and 2404 inhabitants.

15 Epsom Common, Surrey, 62.

252 Erme, St., Cornwall, 158. A parish containing 70 houses, and 358 inhabitants.

15 Esher, Surrey, 25. A parish containing 154 houses, and 874 inhabitants. It commands a pleasant and beautiful prospect over the surrounding country.

17 Esher Common, Surrey, 25.

22 Eton, Bucks, 175. This village, which consists principally of one street, is pleasantly situated on the north bank of the river Thames, opposite Windsor, to which it is connected by a bridge. It contains 290 houses, and 2026 inhabitants.

22 Eton College, Bucks, 175. This noble seminary of learning was founded by the unfortunate Henry the Sixth, in the year 1440. It is most advantageously situated in a valley both healthy and fertile, through which the river Thames winds its delightful course at a short distance from its walls, contributing greatly to the beauty of this truly interesting scene. This institution supports a provost, vice-provost, and seventy scholars, with various officers and assistants. Besides which there are seldom less than 300 noblemen and gentlemen’s sons, who board with the masters, and receive their education at this seminary. The college consists of two quadrangles: one of them is appropriated to the school, and the lodging of the masters and scholars; the other contains the apartments of the provost and fellows, and likewise the library, which is regarded as one of the finest in Europe. Some very valuable drawings, paintings, and oriental manuscripts, are among its curiosities. The chapel is a fine gothic structure, ornamented with pinnacles and embrasures.

68 Ewell, Kent, 10. A parish containing 34 houses, and 172 inhabitants.

13 Ewell, Surrey, 61. A market town and parish, containing 194 houses, and 1112 inhabitants. It is pleasantly situated, and remarkable for its numerous crystal springs, which unite and form the head of a fine stream, called Hog’s Mill River, which falls into the Thames at Kingston. The market is on Thursday.

172 EXETER, Devon, 116, 147, 197. This city was formerly called Excestor, or a city standing on the river Ex, and more anciently Isex; it was the Isca Danmoniorum of the Romans. It is about three miles in circumference, a bishop’s see, and contains 3208 houses, and 20,305 inhabitants, together with fifteen churches within the walls, and four without, besides several chapels. The cathedral, dedicated to St. Peter, is a magnificent pile; but little of the original fabric remains, except the Lady Chapel. It has a ring of twelve bells, and an excellent organ. On the left side of the altar is still to be seen the seat where Edward the Confessor and his Queen sat and installed Leofricus, the first bishop, and in the south aisle is the same bishop’s monument. The north tower contains a bell, weighing 17,472 pounds. This city consists of four principal streets, all well paved, and meeting at a point, near which is a conduit. In the north-east part is an old castle, supposed to have been first built by the West Saxons, and was remarkably strong, both by nature and art; it also contains many spacious and elegant public buildings, and has a good bridge over the Ex, which cost £20,000. By means of floodgates, for keeping up the water at the flowing of the tide, vessels of 150 tons are brought to the quay near the city walls. Exeter gives title of marquis to the Cecil family, and sends two members to parliament. Its principal manufactures are woollen goods, of various descriptions; and here is held a weekly serge market, the largest in England, excepting that at Leeds, besides two other markets on Wednesday and Friday, for provisions, &c. This city is reckoned very healthy, notwithstanding its numerous population, and the closeness of the buildings.

62 Exton, Hants, 96. A parish containing 37 houses, and 224 inhabitants. About two miles distant from the town, on a hill, there appears to have been a Roman camp, fortified with a rampart, called Old Winchester, where, according to tradition, there was formerly a city.

136 Eype Down, Dorset, 112.

Eyre’s Summer House, Wilts, 209.

F.

18 Fair Mile, Surrey, 25.

243 Fairy Cross, Cornwall, 126.

54 Falmer, Sussex, 60. A parish containing 48 houses, and 255 inhabitants.

279 Falmouth, Cornwall, 130. A sea port and market town of considerable trade, situated at the mouth of the river Fale, containing 578 houses, and 4849 inhabitants, and having a commodious harbour, of sufficient depth to contain the largest ships, and defended by two castles, strongly fortified, built by Henry the Eighth. The town is tolerably well built, and has a custom-house for most of the Cornish towns. It carries on a considerable fishery of pilchards; and the packet boats for Spain, Portugal, and the West Indies, are established here. It has a good market on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday.

Falmouth Harbour, Cornwall, 130. (see Falmouth)

73 Fareham, Hants, 98, 222. A market town, situated at the north-west extremity of Portsmouth Harbour, containing 621 houses, and 3325 inhabitants. During the summer season this town is much frequented for the purpose of sea-bathing, having a commodious bathing-house; and the houses are tolerably well built. Its principal manufactures are sacking and ropes; it has also a considerable trade in coals, and a good market on Wednesday.

Farlington, Hants, 214, 223. A parish containing 53 houses, and 302 inhabitants.

32 Farnborough, Hants, 80. A parish containing 48 houses, and 241 inhabitants.

14 Farnborough, Kent, 16. A township and chapelry, containing 57 houses, and 314 inhabitants.

38 Farnham, Surrey, 81. A market town, situated on the river Wey, containing 538 houses, and 2910 inhabitants, and deriving its name from the quantity of fern which grows in its vicinity. The town is neat, well paved, and has several handsome houses. Near this town is a cave formed in a rock, called Mother Ludlam’s Hole, through which passes a continual stream of fine water, which, after falling down a number of marble steps, runs into the river in the meadow below: this grotto is said to have been the favourite study of Dean Swift, when on a visit to Sir William Temple. It is large, but diminishes gradually, and winds away as the spring seems to have directed it. The bottom is paved with Mosaic tile: it is separated by a little parapet, through which the water flows, and falls into small marble troughs below each other, till conveyed out of the grotto. It appears that these springs were collected together for the use of the adjacent monastery. Part of the abbey and chapel ruins are still to be seen. In the neighbourhood are many extensive hop plantations. The market is held on Thursday.

22 Farnham End, Bucks, 175.

50 Farringdon, Hants, 95. A parish containing 64 houses, and 387 inhabitants.

47 Faversham, Kent, 7. A market town and parish, situated on the river Swale, containing 639 houses, and 3655 inhabitants. The town appears to be very ancient, and the two Roman saints, Crispin and Crispianus, are said to have founded an asylum here, where they were bound apprentices to a shoemaker. So early as the year 811, this was denominated the King’s Town, in which King Cenwall granted a charter to Wulford, Archbishop of Canterbury. Here are also to be seen the ruins of an abbey, founded by King Stephen. The parish church is supposed to have been built about the reign of Edward the First. It is in the form of a cross: the walls are of flint, quoined with stone from Caen. The inside of the church is handsome, and well worthy of observation. Here are likewise an elegant assembly room, and a neat theatre. Faversham is noted for its extensive manufacture of gunpowder, and also for its celebrated oyster fishery, in which near 200 families are employed. The markets, which are held on Wednesday and Saturday, are well supplied with all kinds of provisions.

28 Felbridge, Sussex, 56.

159 Fenny Bridges, Devon, 115.

45 Fernhurst, Sussex, 34.

106 Fifehead, Dorset, 139. A parish containing 15 houses, and 72 inhabitants.

69 Fifield, Hants, 159. A parish containing 43 houses, and 193 inhabitants.

56 Filmer Hill, Hants, 96.

51 Finden, Sussex, 67. A parish containing 57 houses, and 381 inhabitants.

Fishbourn, Sussex, 215. A parish containing 26 houses, and 309 inhabitants.

Fishbourn, Old, Sussex, 215.

43 Fisher Street, Sussex, 37.

88 Fisherton de-la-Mere, Wilts, 162, 207. A parish containing 57 houses, and 207 inhabitants.

81 Fisherton, Wilts, 136, 209. A parish containing 189 houses, and 865 inhabitants. This place is of great antiquity, and formerly had a house of black friars.

50 Fish Pond Wood, Kent, 7.

52 Fittleworth, Sussex, 43. A parish containing 81 houses, and 564 inhabitants.

53 Fittleworth Bridge, Sussex, 43.

242 Five Barrow Hill, Cornwall, 126.

174 Five Bridges, Devon, 196.

107 Five Bridges, Dorset, 139.

220 Five Lanes, Cornwall, 153.

44 Flimwell, Sussex, 20.

116 Flowers Hill, Somerset, 202.

279 Flushing, Cornwall, 130.

27 Folly, The, Berks, 176.

91 Fonthill Down, Wilts, 163.

94 Fonthill Giffard, Wilts, 163. A parish containing 76 houses, and 494 inhabitants.

208 Ford, Devon, 121.

140 Ford, Somerset, 191.

79 Ford, Wilts, 103, 135.

38 Ford Green, Sussex, 58.

121 Fordington Fields, Dorset, 171.

143 Fordwater, Dorset, 144.

80 Forest, New, Hants, 87, 88, 92. This forest extends from Godshill on the north-west, to the sea on the south-east about 20 miles, and from Hardley on the east, to Ringwood on the west, being 15 miles; containing 92,365 statute acres: and from its situation, with respect to water carriage, and its vicinity to Portsmouth Dock-yard, is far superior to every other forest in the kingdom.

32 Forest Row, Sussex, 57.

77 Forton, Hants, 98. (Population included with Gosport)

110 Fosse Road, Somerset, 187.

225 Four Holes Cross, Cornwall, 154.

91 Fovant, Wilts, 137. A parish containing 100 houses, and 514 inhabitants.

244 Fradden, Cornwall, 157.

56 Freefolk, Hants, 100. A hamlet containing 8 houses, and 54 inhabitants. Here is a paper mill, where the finer kinds of paper are manufactured, particularly that sort used by the Bank of England.

68 Friars’ Hill, Hants, 78.

45 Friars’ Oak, Sussex, 50.

44 Friday’s Hill, Sussex, 34.

30 Frimley, Surrey, 80. A hamlet containing 83 houses, and 532 inhabitants.

30 Frimley Bridge, Hants, 80.

27 Frimley Heath, Surrey, 72, 80.

102 Frog Lane, Wilts, 164.

67 Froxfield, Wilts, 182. A parish containing 128 houses, and 492 inhabitants. Here is a handsome and well-endowed almshouse, founded by Sarah, Duchess Dowager of Somerset, for the maintenance of 30 poor widows.

44 Froyle, Hants, 82. A parish containing 123 houses, and 744 inhabitants.

84 Fugglestone, Wilts, 136, 208. A parish containing 111 houses, and 590 inhabitants.

193 Fullaford, Devon, 149.

47 Furley Hill, Sussex, 34.

43 Furness, Old, Sussex, 65.

193 Furzely, Devon, 119.

77 Fyfield, Wilts, 183.

G.

26 Gad’s Hill, Kent, 4. This place has been rendered famous by Shakspeare making it the scene of the frolics of Henry the Fifth, when Prince of Wales, and his companion Falstaff. On the spot is a public house, bearing the prince’s head on one side, and the fat knight and his companion on the other.

192 Gaggs, Devon, 119.

19 Galley Hill, Kent, 3.

22 Gander’s Hole, Surrey, 47.

243 Gaverigon, Cornwall, 156.

239 Gelly Copse, Cornwall, 125.

226 Germains, St., Cornwall, 124. A borough, town, and parish, containing 350 houses, and 2030 inhabitants. The town is situated on a rising ground near the river Tidi, a branch of the Lyhner. It was a bishop’s see, gives title of Earl to the family of Eliot, and sends two members to parliament. It owes its name to a bishop of Auxene, who extirpated the Pelagian heresy from Britain, and to whose memory King Athelstan here founded a priory of secular canons. The see of Bodmin was translated hither in 981, and the remains of the bishop’s palace may still be traced in a farm about one mile distant from the town. The conventual church, which is now used as the parish church, is a large and handsome building, and still contains an episcopal choir, and the prebends’ stalls. The parish of St. Germains is the largest in the county, including sixteen villages.

64 Giles’s, St., Hill, Hants, 84.

131 Glastonbury, Somerset, 190. A market town, consisting of two parishes, containing 486 houses, and 2337 inhabitants. It derived its celebrity from its abbey, which, during a period of six hundred years, surpassed in value and authority every other in England, except that of Westminster; the grandeur of its ruins still convey an idea to the beholder of its ancient magnificence. The abbot lived in all the state of regal splendour, with an income of near forty thousand pounds per annum. The last abbot, refusing to surrender his abbey to King Henry the Eighth, was, with two of his monks, drawn on a hurdle to the Torr, near the town, and there hanged. This is said to be the burial place of the famous King Arthur. The town and environs of Glastonbury abound with religious relics; the most conspicuous of which is the Torr, or St. Michael’s Tower, which still remains an object of admiration to travellers. The town was built by king Ina, about the year 708, when after having been destroyed by the Danes, and subsequently by fire, it was rebuilt by Henry the Second. Near the town are found several petrifactions, resembling snakes, cockles, oyster-shells, &c. The market is on Tuesday.

277 Gluvias, St., Cornwall, 130.

33 Godalming, Surrey, 27. A market town and parish, containing 680 houses, and 3543 inhabitants. This town is delightfully situated in a valley by the side of the river Wey, which is navigable from thence to Weybridge, where it falls into the Thames. The church is a neat building with a high and handsome spire. Its chief manufactures are woollen goods, particularly stockings and fleecy hosiery. Market on Saturday.

20 Godstone Green, Surrey, 55.

181 Golds Cross, Devon, 148.

275 Gonree, Cornwall, 130.

275 Gonree Moor, Cornwall, 130.

78 Gosport, Hants, 98. A market town situated on the west side of Portsmouth Harbour, over which there is a constant ferry. It contains 1474 houses, and 7788 inhabitants. This is a place of great trade and business, but more particularly so in time of war, from the number of docks here for the King’s service, and likewise a large iron foundery, in which various articles are cast for the use of the navy. A little to the south of this town near the sea, is that noble building, Haslar Hospital, for the cure of the sick and wounded seamen in his Majesty’s service. This building was begun in 1746, and finished in 1762, it stands on a dry gravelly soil, and is surrounded with an airing ground, near a mile in circumference, enclosed with a wall twelve feet high. On a pediment in the front of the hospital are various emblematical sculptures. The hall is very spacious, and the wards are all uniformly sixty feet long, and twenty broad. It has a strong fort, with a platform well mounted with cannon to defend the entrance into the harbour. The market is on Saturday.

260 Grampound, Cornwall, 128. A borough and market town, containing 99 houses, and 601 inhabitants. It was made a borough, with very extensive privileges, by Edward the First, particularly that of freedom of toll throughout all Cornwall. It has a good stone bridge over the river Fale, or Vale, which is of considerable breadth here; and sends two members to Parliament. The market is on Saturday.

67 Gravel Hill, Hants, 97.

22 Gravesend, Kent, 3. A market-town, and the first port in the river Thames, containing 536 houses, and 31,119 inhabitants. The old town of Gravesend was burnt in 1380 by the French and Spaniards, who came up the river in row gallies. The present town was erected for the defence of the river in 1513, and, by a grant of Richard the Second, enjoys the privilege of conveying passengers to and from London. The boats depart from Billingsgate every tide at high water, on the ringing of a bell, and from Gravesend to London every flood. The fare, which was originally twopence, is now one shilling and sixpence. The church, which is an elegant building, was erected in 1731. All outward-bound vessels are obliged to bring-to here, till they have been examined by the proper custom house officers, and receive their clearances; here also all foreigners are detained on arriving from abroad, till they have obtained permission from the Secretary of State’s office to proceed; and all foreigners departing, must receive their clearances from the Alien Office here. Opposite the Block-house, on the Essex shore, is Tilbury Fort, having a strong battery. The market on Wednesday and Saturday is well supplied, and on Sunday there is a good fish market.

41 Gray’s Wood Common, Surrey, 33.

227 Greenbarrow, Cornwall, 154.

264 Green Mill, Cornwall, 128.

42 Green Street, Kent, 6.

15 Green Street Green, Kent, 16.

239 Gregland, Cornwall, 156.

117 Greys Wood, Dorset, 109.

87 Grims Ditch, Wilts, 104.

186 Grindown, Devon, 148.

29 Grinsted, East, Sussex, 57. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 450 houses, and 2804 inhabitants. It is a borough by prescription of great antiquity, and sends two members to parliament. The tower of the church fell down in 1785, after having stood just 100 years, and so much damaged the church, that the whole was obliged to be rebuilt. At the end of the town is a large handsome stone building, called Sackville College, erected by Sackville, Duke of Dorset, in the reign of James the First; in which are accommodations for 24 aged persons of both sexes, where each has a comfortable room, and a yearly allowance of £8. It is governed by a warden and two gentlemen assistants; and has a neat chapel, wherein the warden reads prayers every morning. A suit of apartments in this edifice was intended for the occasional residence of his Grace, but as he never occupies it, the rooms are used by the Judges of the Circuit during the Assizes, which are generally held here in Lent, though the county gaol is at Horsham. The market is on Thursday, chiefly for corn.

43 Grinsted, West, Sussex, 65. A parish containing 133 houses, and 939 inhabitants.

29 Guildford, Surrey, 27. A borough and market town, containing 527 houses, and 2974 inhabitants; it is pleasantly situated on the side of a chalk hill on the banks of the river Wey, and was anciently a royal town, being the residence of our monarchs. Part of the remains of its castle are still visible, especially the square tower, or keep, which has been a place of great strength. Here are also some remains of a palace of considerable extent. Guildford gives title of Earl to the family of North; and sends two members to parliament. It has a theatre and several handsome public buildings; near the town is a circular race course, where a plate of 100 guineas value, left by King William the Third, is annually run for in the Whitsun-week, at which time there are also three subscription plates run for; these races are in general well attended. The market is on Saturday, and is well supplied.

96 Guissage, St. Andrew, Dorset, 106.

98 Guyers, Wilts, 186.

H.

178 Hal Down, Devon, 117.

Hall Court, Hants, 213.

60 Halnaker, Sussex, 40, 216.

Hambrook Common, Sussex, 215.

37 Hammer Ponds, Witley Common, Surrey, 28.

3 Hammersmith, Middlesex, 69. This village is pleasantly situated on the north bank of the Thames, having many handsome seats and villas in its neighbourhood; here is also a nunnery, in which many devotees have taken the veil, and doomed themselves to voluntary seclusion. Hammersmith contains 871 houses, and 5600 inhabitants.

Hamoaze, Devon, 122. (See Plymouth.)

Hampnet, East, Sussex, 216.

62 Hampnet, West, Sussex, 40, 216.

Hampot, Sussex, 217.

96 Hampreston Heath, Dorset, 89.

37 Hampstead Hill, Sussex, 49.

65 Hampton, Little, Sussex, 44. A parish and small sea port, situated at the mouth of the river Arun, containing 112 houses, and 584 inhabitants. Of late years this place has been much frequented during the season for sea bathing. In the neighbourhood formerly stood several religious houses, and the remains of a Benedictine monastery are still to be seen at Boxgrove.

35 Hand Cross, Sussex, 49.

41 Handstay Cross, Sussex, 50.

Hanging Langford, Wilts, 207.

54 Harbledown, Kent, 8. A parish containing 95 houses, and 473 inhabitants. The church is pleasantly situated on a hill, opposite to which is an hospital and chapel.

106 Hardway, Somerset, 173.

32 Hare Hatch, Berks, 177.

13 Harlington, Middlesex, 174. A parish containing 70 houses, and 363 inhabitants.

13 Harlington Corner, Middlesex, 174.

82 Harnham, Wilts, 104. A hamlet containing 40 houses, and 186 inhabitants.

82 Harnham Hill, Wilts, 104.

35 Hartford Bridge, Hants, 74.

129 Hartlake Bridge, Somerset, 190.

129 Hartlake Drain, Somerset, 190.

36 Hartley Row, Hants, 74.

128 Haselborough, Somerset, 142.

99 Haselbury Hill, Wilts, 186.

42 Haslemere, Surrey, 33. A borough and market town, containing 156 houses, and 756 inhabitants. It is a very ancient borough by prescription, and has sent members to parliament ever since the reign of Edward the Fourth. It is said formerly to have had five parish churches, although it has now only a chapel to the mother church of Chiddingfold. Its market is on Tuesday.

63 Hastings, Sussex, 22. A borough and market town, situated between two hills, and containing 710 houses, and 3848 inhabitants. It is very ancient; in the year 924, in the reign of Athelstan, it had a mint, and is supposed to have been built by one Hastings, a Danish pirate, who erected a fort here to secure his men in their retreat, after having pillaged the country. It is the principal of the Cinque Ports, and formerly had a noted harbour, but now a road only for small vessels, notwithstanding the vast expence that has been frequently incurred in order to clear it. The churches of St. Clement’s and All Saints, are ancient fabrics; St. Clement’s contains several good monuments, and curious inscriptions, with a neat altar piece. All Saint’s is spacious, and has a pulpit cloth made of the canopy used at Queen Anne’s coronation. Between the parishes of St. Clement’s and All Saint’s runs a fresh water stream, called the Bourne, which supplies nearly the whole town with water. The town is commanded by a strong fort, and the whole of this coast is strongly fortified with batteries and martello towers. Here is also a barrack for foot soldiers, and a custom house, with an establishment of twelve riding officers; this place and its neighbourhood being famous for a trade in contraband goods. The streets are well paved, and from their inclination towards the sea, are easily kept clean and neat. At low water Hastings has a fine level sand, of a great extent, rendering bathing safe at any time of the tide, and it is a very fashionable watering place, having a convenient bathing room at the parade to the west of the town, which is, during the season, furnished with every elegant amusement. The environs of this place are beautifully romantic. At two miles distance is a large broad stone, on which it is said King William the Conqueror dined on his landing. On a hill westward of the town are the remains of an ancient castle, the walls of which are in some places eight feet thick: its shape is triangular, with the angles rounded, and the base or south side is formed of a perpendicular craggy cliff, about 400 feet long. A little to the west of Castle Cliff is a farm house, called the Priory, originally belonging to the order of Black Canons; some of its walls are still to be seen, and close to the farm yard is a piece of water, which, being drained off some years ago, discovered a large hole near 30 feet deep, with the remains of a sluice, gates, &c. This town was incorporated by James the Second, and sends two members to parliament. Here was fought the famous battle between Harold of England and William the Norman, in 1066, in which the former was defeated and killed, and the latter became king of England; in this battle the victors lost near 15,000 men, and the conquered many more. The market is held on Wednesday and Saturday, and is well supplied.

3 Hatcham, Surrey, 1. A hamlet containing 148 houses, and 734 inhabitants.

101 Hatt, Wilts, 200.

Havant, Hants, 214. A market town and parish, containing 335 houses, and 1670 inhabitants. The church is a very ancient building, and at a mile and a half distant are the ruins of Warblington Castle. Its market, which is held on Saturday, is well supplied with all kinds of grain.

37 Haver Hill, Sussex, 49.

220 Hay, Cornwall, 123.

114 Haydon, Dorset, 140. A parish containing 17 houses, and 83 inhabitants.

140 Hay Moor, Dorset, 145.

115 Hazlegrove, Somerset, 166.

61 Headbourn, Worthy, Hants, 77. A parish containing 25 houses, and 153 inhabitants.

178 Heath Cross, Devon, 147.

47 Heath, North, Sussex, 34.

14 Heath Row, Middlesex, 174.

171 Heavitree, Devon, 116. A parish containing 163 houses, and 833 inhabitants. This being the place of execution for the city of Exeter, it is supposed to have derived its name from thence. It is very pleasantly and healthily situated, and a number of the inhabitants of Exeter have chosen it for a favourite residence.

29 Helden Green, Kent, 18.

179 Hele, Higher, Devon, 196.

12 Hell, Little, Surrey, 46.

221 Hendra, Cornwall, 153.

47 Henley Common, Sussex, 34.

109 Henstridge, Somerset, 140. A parish containing 152 houses, and 827 inhabitants.

109 Henstridge Ash, Somerset, 140.

70 Hens Wood, Wilts, 182.

177 Hentown, Devon, 147.

53 Herringdean Wood, Sussex, 35.

258 Hewas Water, Cornwall, 128.

Heytesbury, Wilts, 206. A borough and parish, situated on the river Wyley, containing 196 houses, and 1072 inhabitants. The church is a spacious building, having been formerly collegiate, with four prebends in it belonging to Salisbury cathedral: it is built in the form of a cross, with a tower in the centre, containing six bells; and is about 400 years old. Here is an hospital for 12 aged men and one woman, well endowed. The greater part of this place was destroyed by fire in 1766, from which circumstance the town has been considerably improved; it consists principally of one main street, and being on the borders of Salisbury Plain, is in a remarkably open and healthy situation. It is an ancient borough by prescription, and sends two members to parliament. A considerable woollen manufacture has been established here, which has much increased its population, and it formerly had a market.

115 Hicks’s Gate, Somerset, 202.

127 High Cross Hill, Somerset, 142.

Highdown Hill, Sussex, 218.

123 Highleaze, Somerset, 142.

249 Highway, Cornwall, 127.

112 Hill, East, Somerset, 140.

68 Hilsea, Hants, 32. Here is a very extensive building of considerable age, called Portchester Castle, generally used for the reception of prisoners of war; here also are large and commodious barracks for foot soldiers.

40 Hindhead Heath, Surrey and Hants, 28.

40 Hindhead Hill, Surrey, 28.

94 Hindon, Wilts, 163. A borough and market town, containing 175 houses, and 793 inhabitants. This town suffered greatly by fire in 1754, from which circumstance many of the houses are built in the modern taste. The chapel of ease is a neat structure. Hindon is an ancient borough by prescription, returns two members to parliament, and has a market on Thursday.

47 Hoads Common, Sussex, 38.

180 Hockworthy, Devon, 148. A parish containing 56 houses, and 283 inhabitants.

Hog Wood, Somerset, 204.

105 Holes Bay, Dorset, 90.

217 Holloway Cross, Cornwall, 153.

239 Hollywell, Cornwall, 156.

253 Holm Bush, Cornwall, 127.

25 Holmwood Common, Surrey, 63.

109 Holton, Somerset, 165.

46 Holybourn, Hants, 82. A hamlet containing 53 houses and 366 inhabitants.

125 Holy Tree, Somerset, 167.

156 Honiton, Devon, 114, 146, 170. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 600 houses, and 2735 inhabitants. This town is in a very improved state, the buildings being of modern erection, from its having suffered considerably by fire at different times: it is paved and lighted, and the houses mostly slated. The parish church stands about half a mile distant from the town on a bold eminence, and appears to have been erected at different periods; the tower, a square embattled building, 63 feet high, contains five bells, and near the church are stables to accommodate those who ride from the neighbouring villages to hear divine service. Its principal manufacture is that of broad lace. Before the entrance of the town is a hill which commands one of the finest prospects in the kingdom. The market is on Saturday.

176 Honiton’s Clyst, Devon, 116.

39 Hook, Hants, 74.

40 Hook Common, Hants, 74.

26 Hookwood Common, Surrey, 48.

16 Hooley, Surrey, 53.

65 Hopgrass, Wilts, 181.

27 Horley Church, Surrey, 48.

61 Horn Dean, Hants, 31.

17 Horn’s Cross, Kent, 3.

39 Horny Common, Sussex, 58.

123 Horrington, West, Somerset, 189.

Horsea Island, Hants, 223.

36 Horsham, Sussex, 65. A borough, market town, and parish, situated on the river Arun, containing 638 houses, and 3839 inhabitants. It is said to derive its name from Horsa, the brother of Hengist the Saxon, by whom it is supposed to have been first built. It is a borough by prescription, and returns two members to parliament, which it has done ever since the reign of Edward the First. The church is an ancient building, and it has a good county gaol, and an established bank. The Assizes are frequently held here, and its market on Saturday, is well supplied with poultry, &c.

45 Horstead, Sussex, 59. A parish containing 88 houses, and 591 inhabitants.

134 Horton, Somerset, 168.

135 Horton, High, Somerset, 169.

69 Hothampton, Sussex, 41, 42.

80 Hounds Down Hill, Hants, 92.

123 Houndston, Somerset, 141.

9 Hounslow, Middlesex, 70, 174. A market town, situated on the edge of the heath which bears its name, on a branch of the river Coln, on which are some powder mills. On this heath are many vestiges of ancient encampments, and also some newly erected barracks for cavalry. Here, in 1686, James the Second encamped after the suppression of the Duke of Monmouth’s rebellion.

10 Hounslow Heath, Middlesex, 70, 174. (See Hounslow.)

Hove, Sussex, 219. A parish containing 18 houses, and 101 inhabitants.

74 How Ford, Hants, 98.

112 Huddox Hill, Somerset, 188.

64 Hungerford, 181. A market town and parish, situated on the banks of the Kennet, part in the county of Berks, and part in Wilts; containing 383 houses, and 1987 inhabitants. The church is an ancient building, it stands at the end of a pleasant walk, shaded with high trees, in the western quarter of the town. A bugle horn made of brass, and a drinking can, are here shown, both of which were presented as confirmations of charters granted to this town by John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. The market is on Wednesday.

64 Hungerford Down, Berks, 181.

23 Huntercomb, Bucks, 175.

89 Hurcot, West, Wilts, 136.

67 Hursley, Hants, 85. A parish containing 201 houses, 1105 inhabitants.

38 Hurst Common, Surrey, 37.

47 Hurst Green, Sussex, 21.

25 Hurst Hill, Surrey, 48.

I.

249 Jenkins Barrow, Cornwall, 157.

185 Jews Bridge, Devon, 118.

120 Ilchester, Somerset, 167. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 416 houses, and 1862 inhabitants, pleasantly situated on the river Ivel, which is not navigable. It appears to have been a strong fortified town in the time of the Romans, and at the Norman Conquest was a city containing several churches; the foundation of its walls are still perceivable near the river, and Yard Lane was formerly a ditch, which entirely surrounded the town. The fosse way retains its name, and passes through the principal street, and the pavement of the original ford across the river, may be seen on the west side of the bridge, formed of flag stones. The town at present consists of four streets, and it has a neat church. It is a borough by prescription, returns two members to parliament, and gives title of Earl to the family of Fox. The celebrated Roger Bacon was born at this town. On King’s Moor horse races are held, and the neighbourhood produces great quantities of excellent grain. The market is on Wednesday.

132 Ilminster, Somerset, 168. A market town and parish, situated near the river Ille, containing 377 houses, and 2160 inhabitants. The church is a handsome building ornamented with a quadrangular glazed tower. It contains a monument erected in the beginning of the 17th century, to the memory of Nicholas Wadham and Dorothy his wife, the founders of Wadham College, Oxford. Here is a free grammar school, founded by Edward the Sixth, with a good salary, and a house for the head master, as also for his assistant. In the centre of the town stands the market house and shambles, where a market is held on Saturday.

110 Inn Wood, Somerset, 140.

51 John’s Cross, Sussex, 21.

16 John’s Hole, Kent, 3.

43 John’s, St., Common, Sussex, 50.

22 Iron Peartree Wells, Surrey, 56.

24 Irons Bottom, Surrey, 48.

Isherton, Wilts, 207.

Itchen, Hants, 221.

204 Ivy Bridge, Devon, 121. A populous little village, in a situation particularly healthy and pleasant. Here are some paper and block mills, and a neat chapel, erected in 1790.

K.

96 Keesley Down, Wilts, 163.

19 Kennel, Surrey, 55.

215 Kenner’s House, Cornwall, 152.

79 Kennet, East, Wilts, 183. A parish containing 19 houses, and 102 inhabitants.

79 Kennet, West, Wilts, 183, 198. (Population included with East Kennet.)

2 Kennington Common, Surrey, 52.

1 Kensington, Middlesex, 69. A parish and pleasant village, containing 1433 houses, and 8556 inhabitants.

1 Kensington Gore, Middlesex, 69.

117 Kensington Place, Somerset, 203.

114 Keynsham, Somerset, 202. A market town and parish, situated on the north side of the Avon, it consists principally of one street a mile long; containing 278 houses, and 1591 inhabitants. The town is built upon a rock replete with fossil ammonitæ, having a good stone bridge over the river Avon, leading to Gloucester, and another over the river Chew. The church is an ancient Gothic building, and it has a good market on Thursday.

38 Key Street, Kent, 6.

266 Kiggon Mill, Cornwall, 129.

250 Killegrew, Cornwall, 157.

271 Killiganoon, Cornwall, 129.

148 Kilmington, Devon, 113. A township in the parish of Axminster, containing 84 houses, and 444 inhabitants.

103 Kilmington, Somerset, 172. A parish containing 104 houses, and 504 inhabitants.

103 Kilmington Down, Somerset, 172.

42 Kiln Down, Kent, 20.

31 Kiln Green, Berks, 177.

32 Kingfold, Sussex, 64.

13 King’s Arbour, Middlesex, 174.

102 King’s Down, Wilts, 200.

103 King’s Down Hill, Wilts, 186, 201.

44 King’s Marsh, Sussex, 34.

127 Kingston, Dorset, 110.

12 Kingston, Surrey, 24. A market town and parish, situated on the banks of the Thames, over which it has a wooden bridge. It contains 726 houses, and 4144 inhabitants. This town was either a royal residence or demesne, as early as the union of the Saxon heptarchy; some of the Saxon kings were crowned here, and close to the north side of the church is a large stone, on which tradition says, they sat during the ceremony. The church is a spacious handsome building, and the tower contains eight bells. Here are held the Lent Assizes for the county. The market is on Saturday.

93 Kingston, Lower, Hants, 94.

Kingston by Sea, Sussex, 219. A parish containing 11 houses, and 77 inhabitants.

104 King’s Wood, Somerset, 172.

61 King’s Worthy, Hants, 77.

62 Kintbury, Berks, 181. A parish containing 282 houses, and 1430 inhabitants.

36 Kipping’s Cross, Kent, 19.

184 Knighton, Devon, 118.

184 Knighton Heathfield, Devon, 118.

Knightsbridge, Middlesex, 69. The most remarkable building here is St. George’s Hospital, which was formerly the seat of Lord Lanesborough.

Knooke, Wilts, 206. A hamlet containing 30 houses, and 194 inhabitants.

117 Knowl, Somerset, 203.

70 Knowl, Wilts, 182.

30 Knowl Hill, Berks, 176.

97 Knoyle, West, Wilts, 163. A hamlet containing 33 houses, and 184 inhabitants.

L.

36 Lady Cross, Surrey, 33, 37.

235 Lady Park, Cornwall, 125.

133 Lady’s Down, Somerset, 143.

93 Lagpond, Wilts, 137.

40 Lamberhurst, 20. A parish situated part in Kent and part in Sussex; containing 89 houses, and 1057 inhabitants.

41 Lamberhurst Down, Sussex, 20.

105 Lamb Bridge, Somerset, 187, 201.

Lancing, Sussex, 218. A parish containing 79 houses, and 451 inhabitants.

94 Lands End, Wilts, 185.

Lands, Old, Sussex, 215.

Langford, Little, Wilts, 207, A parish containing 5 houses, and 25 inhabitants.

19 Langley Broom, Bucks, 175. A parish containing 226 houses, and 1215 inhabitants.

253 Lannilley, Cornwall, 158.

236 Lanivet, Cornwall, 155. A parish containing 131 houses, and 513 inhabitants.

236 Lanivet Down, Cornwall, 155.

247 Lantivery, Cornwall, 126. A parish containing 134 houses, and 778 inhabitants.

241 Largin Castle, Cornwall, 125.

212 Launceston, Cornwall, 152. A borough, market town, and parish, pleasantly situated on the side of a hill on the river Tamer, containing 278 houses, and 1758 inhabitants. Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, built a castle here, which is spoken of by Leland as one of the strongest works in the kingdom. The tower is now made use of as a prison. Launceston was made a free borough by Henry the Third, being before composed of two other boroughs. The knights of the shire are elected here, and the Winter Assizes are held at the Guildhall in this town, the Summer Assizes being removed to Bodmin. It has sent two members to parliament since the 23d of Edward the First. The church was built in the reign of Henry the Eighth, on the side of one of its walls is a fine figure of Mary Magdalen; most kinds of provisions are plentiful and reasonable, but coals are very dear. The markets are on Wednesday and Saturday.

98 Launceston Down, Dorset, 106.

58 Lavant, East, Sussex, 36. A parish containing 53 houses, and 274 inhabitants.

55 Laverstock, Hants, 100. A parish containing 17 houses, and 88 inhabitants.

50 Lavington Common, Sussex, 35.

235 Lawrence, St., Cornwall, 155.

71 Lawrence, St., Kent, 13. A parish containing 234 houses, and 1068 inhabitants.

120 Leachmoor Pond, Somerset, 189.

15 Leaden Cross, Surrey, 53.

18 Leatherhead, Surrey, 62. A parish, and formerly a market town, containing 187 houses, and 1078 inhabitants. The town is situated on the right bank of the river Mole, which having sunk into the earth at Mickleham, at the foot of Box Hill, makes its appearance again near this place; standing on a rising bank it is very dry and pleasant, and has a brick bridge of 14 arches over the river. The church is built in the form of a cross.

11 Leaves Green, Kent, 16.

62 Leckford Hutt, Hants, 133.

201 Lee, Higher, Devon, 121.

206 Lee Mill Bridge, Devon, 121.

99 Leigh Common, Dorset, 89.

63 Leominster, Sussex, 44. A parish containing 60 houses, and 357 inhabitants.

171 Leonard Moor, Devon, 195.

95 Leonard’s, St., Bridge, 89.

216 Lestwithiel, Cornwall, 126. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 145 houses, and 825 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Fowey, which was formerly navigable, but is now choaked up with sand, and has a handsome church with a spire steeple. This borough has returned two members to parliament ever since the 23d of Edward the First. The market is on Friday.

234 Leveddon, Cornwall, 155.

204 Lew Cross, Devon, 151.

51 Lewes, Sussex, 59. A borough and market town, consisting of six parishes, containing 945 houses, and 6221 inhabitants. This town stands on the slope of a hill, on the banks of the river Ouse, surrounded by higher hills, and was formerly encompassed with walls. The gate and two towers of its ancient castle, built by William, Earl of Warren, in the 11th century, still remain. Lewes is a handsome town, and one of the largest and most populous in the county. It formerly had twelve churches, which are now reduced to six, including St. Thomas at Cliff, so called from its standing under the high chalky cliffs at the outskirts of the town. From a windmill in the neighbourhood, a fine view of the sea and the circumjacent country is obtained. It is a borough by prescription, but not incorporated, and has sent two members to parliament ever since the 23d of Edward the First. There is an annual horse race here for the King’s plate of 100 guineas. The market is on Saturday.

52 Lewes Race Ground, Sussex, 60.

5 Lewisham, Kent, 15. This village has several good houses, inhabited by rich citizens of the metropolis, who have retired from business, or by those whose families wish to enjoy the peaceful sweets of a country life. The church is an elegant modern edifice, containing several good monuments by Banks and Flaxman. A branch of the river Ravensbourne runs through the village. Lewisham contains 686 houses, and 4007 inhabitants.

5 Lewisham Bridge, Kent, 15.

85 Lichinton, Wilts, 136.

230 Lidcott, Cornwall, 155.

179 Lilly Bridge, Devon, 147.

47 Limbo, Sussex, 38.

38 Lindridge Causeway, Kent, 19.

46 Liphook, Hants, 29.

47 Liphook, Common, Sussex, 29.

214 Lipson, Devon, 122

223 Liscome, Cornwall, 123.

234 Liskeard, Cornwall, 125. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 549 houses, and 2884 inhabitants, and having a considerable manufacture of leather. The church is a large and noble building. The town hall is erected on stone pillars, with a turret on the top, and a clock with four dials. On the hills of North Liskeard are many tin mines. This borough was incorporated by Queen Elizabeth, and returns two members to parliament. It has a very considerable market on Saturday.

29 Littlewick Green, Berks, 176.

65 Liverton, Berks, 181.

73 Lobcomb Corner, Wilts, 103, 134.

203 Lobhill, Devon, 151.

77 Lockeridge Dean, Wilts, 183. A hamlet containing 51 houses, and 194 inhabitants.

13 Locks Bottom, Kent, 16.

90 Lockswell Heath, Wilts, 185.

92 Lodge, Great, Wilts, 185.

93 Lodge, Little, Wilts, 185.

127 Lodmoor, Dorset, 171.

94 London Elm, Wilts, 137.

105 Lone Fleet, Dorset, 90. A tything to Pool, containing 120 houses, and 504 inhabitants.

82 Long Barrow Cross, Wilts, 161.

33 Long Bottom, Hants, 80.

128 Long Breedy Hutt, Dorset, 110.

143 Long Bridge, 145.

102 Long Cross, Wilts, 164.

15 Longford, Middlesex, 174. This village is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Colne, and is much frequented by anglers.

140 Longharris, Dorset, 112.

102 Long Lane End, Wilts, 172.

236 Looe Mills, Cornwall, 125.

128 Lopen, Somerset, 168. This village contains 71 houses, and 326 inhabitants.

18 Lords Wood, Kent, 17.

Lothbury, Hants, 211.

44 Lotmore Green, Berks, 178.

109 Lotterford, Somerset, 165,

94 Louden, Wilts, 185.

51 Low Heath, Sussex, 43

28 Lowfield Heath, Surrey and Sussex, 48.

97 Ludwell, Wilts, 138.

66 Lydden, Kent, 9. A parish containing 21 houses, and 103 inhabitants.

209 Lyfton, Devon, 152.

209 Lyfton Down, Devon, 152.

91 Lymington, Hants, 93. A borough and market town, pleasantly situated on the brow and declivity of a gentle hill, on a creek of the English Channel, called Boldre Water. It consists principally of one long street, containing 541 houses, and 2641 inhabitants. Many of the houses are well built, commanding most delightful prospects of the English Channel, and the Isle of Wight. There are two sets of baths, one at the bottom of the town, the other about half a mile from it, they are very convenient, and are much frequented during the season. The borough is a corporation by prescription, and sends two members to parliament. Market on Saturday. About a mile distant are the traces of a Roman Camp, known by the name of Buckland Rings, or Castle Field.

83 Lyndhurst, Hants, 92. A parish containing 170 houses, and 882 inhabitants.

M.

47 Macknade, Kent, 7.

122 Maiden Castle, Dorset, 171. This is one of the strongest and most extensive camps in England, and is supposed to be of British origin; its form is an irregular ellipsis, surrounded by treble ditches and ramparts, the former are of prodigious depth, and the latter extremely high and very steep. The entrances to the east and west are strengthened by additional works; the ends of the ramparts lapping over each other, and rendering the outlets very winding and intricate. The inner rampart includes an area of about forty acres, and is nearly a mile and a quarter in circumference. Near the south side is the mouth of a cave, said to extend a considerable way; though it is now choaked up and impassable. This appears to have been a contrivance to obtain water, the river flowing through the valley at the distance of about a quarter of a mile. The ground rises gradually to the centre of the area, which commands an extensive prospect.

168 Maiden Down, Devon, 195.

26 Maidenhead, Berks, 176. A market town, containing 167 houses, and 792 inhabitants. It is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Thames, over which is a very commodious bridge of 13 arches. The principal trade of this town is in malt, meal, and timber. The market is on Wednesday.

25 Maidenhead Bridge, 176.

28 Maidenhead Thicket, Berks, 176.

Mansbridge, Hants, 212.

76 Manton, Wilts, 183.

110 Maperton, Somerset, 165. A parish containing 22 houses, and 171 inhabitants.

43 Maplederwell Hatch, Hants, 75.

19 Marams Court Hill, Kent, 17.

41 Maresfield, Sussex, 58. A parish containing 170 houses, and 960 inhabitants.

72 Margate, Kent, 12. A market town on the sea coast, pleasantly seated on the north side of the Isle of Thanet, and a member of the port of Dover; it contains 1291 houses, and 6126 inhabitants. The principal improvements of Margate have taken place since 1787, when an act of parliament was obtained to rebuild the pier with stone, since which it has become a very fashionable resort for sea bathing. From the increase of company, new buildings became necessary for their accommodation, by which the town was considerably enlarged and greatly improved. On that part next the coast there are many commodious rooms, which are the morning resort of the company, and whence they are driven by turns into the sea, in bathing machines. There are also four marble salt water baths, filled from the sea, which may be brought to any temperature. The church of St. John stands about half a mile from the lower end of the town; it is a large building of flint, rough cast, consisting of three long low aisles, separated by pillars of various forms. At the west end of the north aisle is a square tower with a low spire, containing six bells. It has many monuments of antiquity, with a good organ. Here is a general sea-bathing infirmary, which was opened in 1796. Margate has every amusement common with other fashionable watering places, having a neat theatre, assembly rooms, tea, card, and billiard rooms, &c. &c. About a mile and a half from the town, stands the rural spot of Dandelion, where are the remains of an ancient mansion and fortification, once of great strength, and belonging to the family of Dandelion. This place is now in great repute, and has alcoves, a bowling green, a platform for dancing, an orchestra, and every accommodation for company. Market on Wednesday and Saturday.

74 Marks Barn, Wilts, 206.

Marlborough, Wilts, 183. A borough and market town, consisting of two parishes; containing 456 houses, and 2579 inhabitants. It is situated on the banks of the river Kennet, and consists principally of a broad street with piazzas along one side of it. The churches, dedicated to St. Mary and St. Peter, have both square towers and six bells in each. This town gave title to the celebrated warrior, John Churchill, who was created Earl of Marlborough, by William the Third, in 1689, and Duke of Marlborough by Queen Anne; it has sent two members to parliament since the 28th of Edward the First. The market is on Saturday.

70 Marlbrook Pond, Hants, 79.

58 Marsh Benham, Berks, 180.

211 Marsh Mill, Devon, 122.

10 Mason’s Hill, Kent, 16.

233 Maudlin, Cornwall, 125.

62 Maudlin, Sussex, 40, 216.

129 Mead, Somerset, 168.

99 Medleys, Wilts, 200.

128 Melcomb Regis, Dorset, 171. A borough and market town, containing 423 houses, and 2350 inhabitants, situated at the mouth of the river Wey, which separates it from Weymouth, over which river there is a wooden bridge of seventeen arches. It has a good market place and town hall, in which the members of the Corporation of Weymouth attend public business. This borough has sent two members to parliament ever since the reign of Edward the First. It is united to Weymouth as a sea port, corporation, and market town. Market on Tuesday and Friday.

95 Melksham, Wilts, 200. A town and parish, containing 759 houses, and 4030 inhabitants. Most of the houses in this town are well built of free stone, but not regular. It has one parish church, and three meeting houses for dissenters. Its chief manufacture is broad cloth, and it has a market every other Thursday for cattle.

62 Meonstoke, Hants, 96. A parish containing 50 houses, and 289 inhabitants.

59 Meon, West, Hants, 96. A parish containing 83 houses, and 536 inhabitants.

100 Mere, Wilts, 164. A market town and parish, containing 457 houses, and 2211 inhabitants. It is a very straggling town, indifferently built, and has a small cross, or market house, where a market is held on Thursday. In the reign of Henry the Third it was the lordship of Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, and had a castle belonging to it, occupying the summit of an adjoining eminence, very few traces of which now remain. Its principal manufacture is bed-ticking.

98 Mere Down, Wilts, 172.

219 Merrifield, Cornwall, 123.

187 Merrymeet, Devon, 149.

19 Merstham, Surrey, 54. This village contains 100 houses, and 481 inhabitants.

7 Merton, Surrey, 61. This village is seated on the river Wandle, over which it has a bridge, remarkable for its arch, which is turned with tiles, instead of brick or stone, and it is the boundary of the three parishes of Mitcham, Wimbledon, and Merton. The parish contains 147 houses, and 813 inhabitants. The church is an old building of flint, and has been lately repaired and ornamented. Merton was once celebrated for an abbey, founded in the reign of Henry the First, in which abbey, at a parliament held in 1236, the famous “Provisions of Merton,” (the most ancient body of laws after Magna Charta), were enacted, and the Barons gave that celebrated answer to the clergy, Nolumus leges Angliæ mutare.

256 Mewan, St., Cornwall, 127. A parish containing 130 houses, and 780 inhabitants.

Michelgrove Woods, Sussex, 217.

20 Mickleham, Surrey, 62. A parish containing 53 houses, and 389 inhabitants. It is pleasantly seated at the foot of Box Hill, and watered by the river Mole.

71 Middlecot, Hants, 160.

Midford, Somerset, 204.

50 Midgham, Berks, 179. A village containing 43 houses, and 340 inhabitants.

49 Midhurst, Sussex, 34. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 199 houses, and 1256 inhabitants, pleasantly seated on the banks of the river Arun, its name in Saxon signifying Middlewood. The town is in general well built, and is a borough by prescription; it has sent two members to parliament ever since the 4th of Edward the Third. The market is on Thursday.

59 Mid Lavant, Sussex, 36. A parish containing 182 houses, and 1073 inhabitants.

59 Mid Lavant Common, Sussex, 36.

112 Milborne Port, Somerset, 140. A borough and parish, containing 198 houses, and 953 inhabitants, pleasantly situated on a branch of the river Parret. The church is a good building, with a square tower, containing six bells, and a set of chimes. It is a borough by prescription, and returns two members to parliament.

112 Milbourne St. Andrews, Dorset, 108. A parish containing 44 houses, and 217 inhabitants.

113 Milbourne Wood, Dorset, 108.

180 Mile Stone Cross, Devon, 118.

136 Miles Cross, Dorset, 112.

35 Milford, Surrey, 27, 33, 37. (Population included with Godalming)

245 Milham, Cornwall, 126.

48 Milland Church, Sussex, 29.

48 Milland Common, Sussex, 29.

145 Millbrook, Devon, 144.

76 Millbrook, Hants, 91, 220. A parish containing 250 houses, and 1304 inhabitants.

100 Mills Plat, Wilts, 186.

39 Milton, Kent, 6. A market town and parish, containing 321 houses, and 1746 inhabitants, situated at the head of a creek that runs into the Swale, which separates the Isle of Sheppey from the main land. It is a place of great antiquity, being once the residence of the kings of Kent. The church is a neat building, situated at some distance from the town; and contains several curious monuments. The town is tolerably well built, and has a port for barges: it is particularly noted for the produce of delicious oysters, called Milton oysters. The market is on Saturday.

96 Minety, Wilts, 185.

68 Minster Mills, Kent, 13.

8 Mitcham, Surrey, 46. The little river Wandle winds through this parish, and is celebrated as a trout stream: on it are some snuff mills, spinning mills, and printed calico manufactories. A considerable quantity of medicinal plants are here propagated, and it has an extensive common. The chancel of the church contains a monument to the memory of Sir Ambrose Crowley, Alderman of London, who died in 1713, and is celebrated in No. 75 of The Tatler, under the name of Sir Humphrey Greenhat. In 1637 the church was destroyed by lightning, and ten bells in part melted. Mitcham contains 604 houses, and 3466 inhabitants.

248 Mitchell, alias St. Michael, Cornwall, 157. A borough, containing 30 houses, and about 160 inhabitants. It was a place of note during the time of the Saxons, and was formerly called Modishole. It has sent two members to parliament ever since the 6th of Edward the Sixth.

68 Mollin’s Cot, Hants, 159.

241 Molly Toms, Cornwall, 156.

180 Monkaton, Devon, 196.

147 Monkton, Devon, 170. A hamlet containing 18 houses, and 121 inhabitants.

122 Monkton, Dorset, 171.

101 Monkton Down, Dorset, 107.

66 Monkton, Kent, 12, 13. A parish containing 59 houses, and 300 inhabitants.

153 Monkton, Somerset, 193.

21 Montem, Bucks, 175. (see Salt Hill)

127 Moor, Somerset, 168.

152 Moorcot, Dorset, 114.

35 Moor Street, Kent, 5.

9 Morden, Surrey, 61. A parish containing 65 houses, and 512 inhabitants.

6 Morden College, Kent, 1. (see Blackheath)

139 Morecamblake, Dorset, 112.

234 Mount Brandy, Cornwall, 125.

19 Mount Lee, Surrey, 71.

154 Mount Pleasant, Devon, 114.

68 Mount Pleasant, Kent, 13.

130 Mount Pleasant, Somerset, 190.

36 Mousall, Surrey, 27.

173 Mucksbere, Devon, 195.

38 Murrell Green, Hants, 74.

N.

124 Nap Hill, Somerset, 189.

187 Narraway, Devon, 149.

91 Nash Hill, Wilts, 185.

63 Near, Berks, 181.

117 Nether Compton, Dorset, 141.

Netley, Hants, 221. This village is only remarkable for the remains of its once beautiful abbey, which are situated on the gentle declivity of a hill, near Southampton Water. It was founded by Henry the Third, about 1239, for Cistertian monks. The venerable ruins of its church, and many of its apartments covered with ivy, are generally visited by every traveller who resorts for pleasure to Southampton.

80 Netley Marsh, Hants, 91.

56 Newbury, Berks, 180. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 1028 houses, and 4898 inhabitants. The town is situated in a valley on the banks of the Kennet: it has long been famed for its extensive woollen manufacture, and in the reign of Henry the Eighth, one John Winchcomb, better known by the name of Jack of Newbury, kept 100 looms in his own house. At the expedition to Flodden Field, he marched against the Scots with 100 of his men, all armed and clothed at his own expense. He was also a considerable benefactor to the building of its present handsome church. The streets here are very spacious, and well paved, with a convenient market place, in which is the Guildhall. Newbury was incorporated by Queen Elizabeth, and once sent members to parliament, but was released therefrom on the petition of Jack of Newbury. The town hall is ornamented with a beautiful picture of the Surrender of Calais, painted by Price, Here are also several charitable institutions. The market is on Thursday.

26 New Chapel Green, Surrey, 56.

140 Newhaven, Somerset, 169.

219 Newhay, Cornwall, 153.

37 Newington, Kent, 5. A parish containing 61 houses, and 429 inhabitants.

1 Newington, Surrey, 23, 45. This village extends about a mile in length from Southwark to Kennington Common, towards which are many well-built houses, the residence of opulent merchants and tradesmen in the metropolis. It contains 2865 houses, and 14,847 inhabitants. The church was rebuilt on a larger scale, but on the same inconvenient spot, by the side of the great road, in 1793. It has in its church-yard a remarkable tomb, raised over the body of William Allen, a young man killed by the firing of the soldiers at the time that John Wilkes was in the King’s Bench Prison. There are several singular inscriptions, and among the rest—O earth, cover not thou my blood! which has excited general attention.

249 Newlyn Down, Cornwall, 157.

110 Newton, St. Loe, Somerset, 202. A parish containing 49 houses, and 371 inhabitants.

Newton, South, Wilts, 208. A parish containing 100 houses, and 541 inhabitants.

216 Nicholas, St., Island, Devon, 122. This island is situated on the coast of Devonshire, in extent about three acres, lying before the mouth of Plymouth Harbour; it is strong both by art and nature, and on it is erected a battery, commanding the entrance to Hamoaze and Catwater, with barracks and apartments for a commanding officer.

125 Nine Stones, Dorset, 110. These stones are placed in a circular form, and are from three to seven feet in height, supposed to be the remains of a Druidical temple.

33 Nonsuch Green, Kent, 14.

80 Normanton Down, Wilts, 161.

Norridge, Wilts, 206. (Population included with Warminster)

Norridge Wood, Wilts, 206.

20 Northfleet, Kent, 3. A parish containing 291 houses, and 1910 inhabitants. It is situated on a high chalk hill, commanding a very extensive view of the river Thames and the county of Essex. The church is an extensive building, and contains several monuments of the 14th century. On the north wall is a beautiful alabaster monument to the memory of Dr. Brown, eminent for his skill in natural history, and physician to Charles the Second. Vast quantities of lime are burnt here, and extraneous fossils have been dug up. In the flint (of which there are frequent strata,) complete cockle shells filled with chalk are found, many of which are of an extraordinary size.

120 Northover, Somerset, 167. A parish containing 12 houses, and 56 inhabitants.

231 Norton, Cornwall, 155.

Norton Bovant, Wilts, 206. A parish containing 48 houses, and 264 inhabitants.

116 Norton Down, Somerset, 188.

Norton, St. Philip, Somerset, 204. A parish containing 101 houses, and 557 inhabitants.

101 Norwood, Wilts, 164.

126 Nottington, Dorset, 171. This place is famous for its medicinal spring, which has been found extremely serviceable in cutaneous and scorbutic disorders. It has a strong sulphurous smell, though perfectly limpid, and greatly resembles the Moffatt water in Scotland.

94 Notton, Wilts, 185.

Nutbourn, Sussex, 215.

38 Nutley, Sussex, 58. (Population included with Maresfield)

Nutshalling Street, Hants, 220.

107 Nyland, Somerset, 139.

O.

194 Oakhampton, Devon, 149. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 227 houses, and 1440 inhabitants. It is pleasantly situated in a valley near the source of the river Oak. The church stands on a hill, one mile from the town; and in the market place is an ancient chantry chapel. In the suburbs are the ruins of its ancient castle, dismantled by Henry the Eighth, on the attainder of Henry Courtney, Marquis of Exeter. It is a very ancient borough, and sends two members to parliament. The market is on Saturday.

67 Oak Hill, Wilts, 182.

114 Oborne, Dorset, 140. A parish containing 26 houses, and 132 inhabitants.

20 Ockham Heath, Surrey, 25.

124 Odcomb, Somerset, 142. A parish containing 70 houses, and 428 inhabitants.

108 Odd Down, Somerset, 187.

Offington, Sussex, 218.

84 Oldbury Camp, or Bratton Castle, Wilts, 184. This ancient fortification is supposed to be of Roman origin, but there is little doubt of its being subsequently occupied by the Danes and Saxons. On two sides, where the acclivities of the hill are steep, it is but slightly fortified, but on the other sides it is defended by a double ditch and lofty valla. On the slope of the hill on which stands Oldbury Camp, is the figure of a white horse in a trotting attitude, measuring 100 feet from the hoof to the tip of the ear, and 100 feet from the nose to the tail; it is formed by removing the turf from the surface of the soil, which is chalk. This curious monument is asserted by Gough to be an undoubted memorial of the victory obtained by Alfred over the Danes, near Eddington, in the year 878, resembling that by which he commemorated the victory he gained in Berkshire eight years before, having then only acted as lieutenant to his brother Ethelred. In the last battle he was not only commander in chief, but King of England; his affairs were in a most critical situation, and the Danes masters of a great part of his kingdom. This battle is supposed to have been fought near the village of Eddingdon, or Eddington, where the Danish army was encamped.—Alfred, with the utmost secresy, concealed his intentions, and by rapid movements appeared in sight of their camp before they had intelligence of his designs, immediately attacked them, and gained a complete victory. The Danes, however, defended themselves with great bravery, retreated to Bratton Castle, where they held out a siege of fourteen days, and obtained terms of capitulation, more favourable than they had reason to expect in their reduced situation. Gough supposes Bratton Castle to have been a fortification situate on the pinnacle of White Horse Hill, and that the horse here seen was formed to commemorate the victory of Alfred: while, on the other hand, Mr. Wise, in his dissertation on the White Horse of Berkshire, asserts, that this at Oldbury Camp is of modern construction, and that it was made within the memory of persons living at the time he visited it in 1742, by the inhabitants of Westbury, who instituted a revel, or festival, thereupon. The writer of this article was also informed, when making his survey, that it was executed at the expense and under the direction of Dr. Alsop, of Calne, about thirty years ago, at a revel then said to be held upon the spot. Camden, Gibson, and Gough, all agree in identifying Ethandun with Eddington, near Bratton Castle, and conceive the latter to have been the fortress to which the Danes retired after the battle. Such also are the sentiments of Sir Richard Colt Hoare. To attempt a discussion of the merits of these several opinions would occupy more space than our limits will admit. Amidst such conflicting testimony it is difficult to decide, but the writer is much inclined to adopt the opinion of the learned Baronet, that the inhabitants of Westbury might but retrace the nearly obliterated remains of an imperfect original, and in this he feels warranted from the information himself received, as before observed, upon the spot. In conclusion, he takes occasion to remark, that modern information is so extremely contradictory as to merit very little attention, and deems it most probable, that from the White Horse having been the standard used by Alfred, and the majority agreeing in fixing this as the spot to which the Danes retreated, it is not unreasonable to suppose that it was originally executed in commemoration of that victory.

205 Old Street Down, Devon, 151.

Oliver’s Tomb, Sussex, 218, erected to the memory of Oliver, many years the tenant of the adjacent mill, who, from partiality to the spot while living, requested, when dead, he might be here interred.

61 Ore, Sussex, 22. A parish containing 34 houses, and 243 inhabitants.

46 Ospringe, Kent, 7. A parish containing 109 houses, and 645 inhabitants. This was a Roman military station, and here King Henry the Third founded an hospital called Maison de Dieu, some slight remains of which are to be seen on the north side of the street.

67 Otterbourn, Hants, 78. A township containing 70 houses, and 440 inhabitants.

118 Over Compton, Dorset, 141.

Over Street, Wilts, 208.

53 Overton, Hants, 100. A parish containing 228 houses, and 1130 inhabitants. This was anciently a borough and market town, and sent two members to parliament, but through neglect lost its charter. An excellent trout stream rises in the parish of Ash, and flows with such a current by this village, as to drive several mills; one of them, a silk mill, is a very curious piece of machinery, in the form of an oblong square; the rest are corn mills. The church is a neat building, standing on an eminence about a quarter of a mile from the centre of the village.

78 Overton, Wilts, 183. A hamlet containing 33 houses, and 180 inhabitants.

77 Ower, Hants, 86.

P.

47 Padworth Mills, Berks, 179.

223 Palmer’s Bridge, Cornwall, 153.

Palsgrove, Hants, 223.

49 Pangdean, Sussex, 51.

38 Park Wood, Surrey, 33.

36 Pastep Green, Kent, 19.

50 Patcham, Sussex, 51. A parish containing 30 houses, and 286 inhabitants.

Patching Pond, Sussex, 218.

31 Pease Marsh, Surrey, 27.

137 Pedwell, High, Somerset, 191.

274 Pelyn, Cornwall, 126.

35 Pembury Green, Kent, 19.

33 Pembury Wood, Kent, 19.

241 Pendean, Cornwall, 156.

280 Pendennis Castle, Cornwall, 130. This is one of the largest castles in the kingdom, standing on a high rock in the peninsula of Pendennis, at the mouth of Falmouth Haven. It was built by Henry the Eighth, but considerably improved by Queen Elizabeth.

119 Pen Mill, Somerset, 141.

228 Penerel’s Cross, Cornwall, 154.

254 Penmount, Cornwall, 158.

238 Pennant, Cornwall, 125, 154.

142 Penn Cross, Dorset, 112.

130 Pennymoor Pitt, Dorset, 139.

277 Penryn, Cornwall, 130. A borough and market town, containing 362 houses, and 2713 inhabitants. It is situated on an eminence, at the mouth of the river called the King’s Road, which runs into Falmouth Harbour. Here is a market house, town hall, &c. and the town is extremely well watered, having streams running through the streets; on which there are four corn mills, and one paper mill. It was anciently surrounded by a wall, and defended by a strong castle. Penryn has sent members to parliament ever since the 1st of Queen Mary. Its principal business is in the pilchard and Newfoundland fisheries. The market days are on Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday.

248 Pensawn, Cornwall, 157.

278 Penshanly, Cornwall, 130.

229 Penstroad, Cornwall, 154.

66 Penton Mewsey, Hants, 159. A parish containing 38 houses, and 215 inhabitants.

93 Pentridge Down, Dorset, 105.

23 Pepbrook Bridge, Surrey, 63.

105 Pergin’s Island, Dorset, 90.

274 Perran Arworthal, Cornwall, 130. A township containing 125 houses, and 884 inhabitants.

274 Perranwell, Cornwall, 130.

165 Perry Elm, Somerset, 194.

54 Petersfield, Hants, 30. A borough and market town, situated on the river Loddon, containing 212 houses, and 1280 inhabitants. This town was incorporated by Queen Elizabeth, and sends two members to parliament. The market is on Saturday.

148 Petherton, North, Somerset, 192. A parish of considerable extent, including seventeen villages, containing 436 houses, and 2346 inhabitants. It consists principally of one long street; many of the houses are well built, and formerly it had a very considerable corn market on Saturday.

127 Petherton, South, Somerset, 168. A market town and parish, situated on the river Perrot, containing 346 houses, and 1674 inhabitants. It has a good stone bridge over the river. The principal manufacture is that of dowlas, and the market is on Thursday.

49 Petworth, Sussex, 38, 43. A market town and parish, situated near the river Arun, containing 396 houses, and 2264 inhabitants. It is chiefly remarkable for a magnificent seat of the Earl of Egremont. (see Index of Seats). The church is a neat building, containing several monuments of the Percy family, and the market on Saturday is generally well supplied.

88 Picked Post, Hants, 88.

97 Pickwick, Wilts, 186.

116 Piddle Town, Dorset, 109. A parish containing 151 houses, and 909 inhabitants. Formerly it was much more considerable, and had a market; the church is a very large and ancient building.

117 Piddletown Heath, Dorset, 109.

48 Piecomb, Sussex, 51.

7 Pigs Marsh, Surrey, 46.

102 Pimperne, Dorset, 107. A parish containing 62 houses, and 316 inhabitants. The church contains many vestiges of Saxon antiquity, and the town appears to have been formerly much more considerable.

103 Pimperne Fields, Dorset, 107.

88 Pinhills, Wilts, 185.

183 Pitt, Devon, 118.

65 Pitt, Hants, 85.

65 Plant, Hants, 32.

46 Plashet Wood, Sussex, 59.

215 Plymouth, Devon, 122. A sea port, borough, and market town, situated at the mouths of the Tamar and Plym, which here fall into a bay of the Channel called Plymouth Sound. It contains 5732 houses, and 56,060 inhabitants. The mouth of the Tamar is called Hamoaze, and that of the Plym, Catwater; and the sound is capable of receiving 1000 sail of shipping. It is one of the most considerable sea ports in the kingdom, and is defended by several strong batteries, and a citadel, erected in the reign of Charles the Second, opposite to Nicholas Island, which contains a large storehouse, and five regular bastions. Plymouth has two parish churches, a large custom-house, a charity school, several hospitals, exclusive of a general military and marine hospital, and an extensive workhouse. The town is well supplied with water, which was first brought from a place seven miles distant, at the expense of Sir Francis Drake, a native of this town. Between the town and the sea is a high hill, called the Haw, having a delightful plain on the top, and affording a most charming prospect. Opposite to Plymouth is Mount Edgecumbe, the charming seat of the Earl of that title, (see Index of Seats). This mount, commanding the town of Plymouth, was garrisoned for Charles the First, and considerably annoyed the town. Between Mount Edgecumbe and Plymouth are erected two baths, and near them an elegant assembly and breakfasting room. That part of Plymouth called the Dock, which lies about a mile and a half from the town, at the mouth of the Tamar, was first designed as a wet and dry dock, in the reign of William the Third, and to which two others have since been added, with all the conveniencies necessary for building and repairing ships of war; the docks are dug out of a mine of slate, and lined with Portland stone. Near the docks are erected ranges of storehouses for the arms, rigging, sails, &c. with houses for the various officers of the different departments to live in. Here are also commodious barracks, and so numerous are the shops, and the buildings have within these few years so rapidly increased, that Dock (as it is termed) is now as large as the town itself. There is also a neat little theatre here. For accommodating the great intercourse and distance between the extremities of the town, there are four-wheeled chaises drawn by one horse for regular hire, similar to the Hackney coaches of the metropolis. It returns two members to parliament, and is termed an admiralty borough. The markets are on Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. At the entrance of Plymouth Sound lies a very large and dangerous rock, called the Edystone, covered at high water, but at low water bare. On the summit of this rock is erected a light-house, 80 feet high, built of Portland stone and granite.

216 Plymouth Dock, Devon, 122. (see Plymouth)

Plymouth Sound, Devon, 122. (see Plymouth)

210 Plympton Earle, Devon, 122. A borough, market town, and parish, containing 92 houses, and 715 inhabitants. It was formerly called Plympton Thomas, out of respect to Thomas à Becket. The town consists of two irregular streets, and has a Guildhall, supported on stone pillars, beneath which is held the corn market. This is one of the stannary towns for stamping tin, and is a very ancient borough; it sends two members to parliament. The market is on Saturday, and there is also a market for all kinds of cattle the second Wednesday in every month. The town is well supplied with fish from the neighbouring sea-port towns almost every day.

210 Plympton, St. Mary, Devon, 122. A parish containing 245 houses, and 1562 inhabitants.

202 Point Bridge, Devon, 151.

229 Polecat, Cornwall, 124.

251 Polglaze, Cornwall, 158.

248 Polharmon, Cornwall, 126.

Poling, Sussex, 217. A village containing 23 houses, and 170 inhabitants.

217 Pollaphant, Cornwall, 153.

224 Polscove, Cornwall, 123.

183 Poltimore, Devon, 197. A parish containing 46 houses, and 250 inhabitants.

225 Polvathic, Cornwall, 124.

254 Polwhele, Cornwall, 158.

Polygon, Hants, 220.

75 Pond’s Foot Hill, Hants, 86,

106 Poole, Dorset, 90. A sea-port, borough, and market town, containing 1134 houses, and 4816 inhabitants. This town is about three quarters of a mile long, half a mile broad, and consists of three or four considerable streets, running nearly from north-east to south-west: it lies on the borders of a very narrow dreary heath, being a peninsula, joined to the parish of Lanford by a neck of land. It is of considerable antiquity, having been an important port in the time of the Romans, and a Roman military way may be still traced from hence to Wimbourn. The church, dedicated to St. James, was formerly a chapel of ease to Lanford, but has since been considerably enlarged, and contains several neat monuments. The harbour is considered the best and safest in the channel, as the ground is every where soft, and water sufficient at spring tides for vessels of sixteen feet draught to come up to the quay. Market on Monday and Thursday.

70 Poor, Hants, 32.

52 Popham, Hants, 76. A parish containing 5 houses, and 48 inhabitants.

50 Popham Lane, Hants, 76.

Porchester, Hants, 222. A parish containing 132 houses, and 917 inhabitants. It was anciently called Port Peris, and was a sea-port before Portsmouth. Its ancient castle was erected to command the harbour, the walls of which formed a square of 440 feet, containing an area of four acres; they are six feet thick, and in many places 16 feet high, having 13 towers, besides the keep, which has four. It is of very great antiquity, but its age and founder are both unknown. This castle is now private property, rented by the crown, and has been appropriated to the purpose of confining prisoners of War. Towards the south-east part of the area is the parish church, which is an ancient fabric.

Porchester Castle, Hants, 223. (see Porchester)

206 Portgate, Devon, 151.

66 Portsdown Hill, Hants, 32, 214, 223.

68 Portsea Gate and Turnpike, Hants, 32.

Portslade, Sussex, 219. A parish containing 48 houses, and 284 inhabitants. This village has partly risen out of the ruins of the parish of Aldrington, which the encroachments of the sea has entirely destroyed, not a house remaining.

71 Portsmouth, Hants, 32, 98. A sea-port, borough, market town, and parish, containing 7114 houses, and 40,567 inhabitants. This town was anciently defended by a wall of timber, covered with earth, and with bastions and forts of hewn stone. But in the reign of Queen Elizabeth it was strengthened by new works; at the restoration of King Charles the Second great improvements were made, by the establishment of new docks; and several forts were strongly fortified in the modern manner, since which time each succeeding monarch has made further improvements and additional works, and it is now the most regular fortress in Britain, and is reckoned almost impregnable by land as well as by sea. The dock yard, containing the warehouses for keeping all kinds of military and naval stores, is the most complete in the world, and possesses all the various manufactories necessary for supplying its different naval equipments. The docks and yards, in short, resemble a distinct town, there being particular rows of dwellings, built at the public expense, for all the principal officers who are under a separate government from the garrison. The streets of the town are mostly narrow and dirty, but always in a bustle, the consequence of the town being wholly supported by the fleets and armed vessels, which, during war, are constantly at anchor here; and in peace it is the general rendezvous of the India fleet. Close to the shore is the signal post, which is continually making signals to the ships lying at Spithead, as well as the telegraph, conveying intelligence and receiving orders from the Admiralty in the course of eight minutes. The whole of the walls round the town are planted with cannon, and on some of them are very pleasant walks, particularly on the east side, and near the sea, commanding a beautiful prospect. The church, with its tower, cupola, and lantern, may pass as a stately edifice, but the style of its architecture is not remarkable for any beauty. Portsmouth sends two members to parliament, it has a port admiral, and all the various officers of the revenue. On South-sea Beach are several commodious bathing machines. The mouth of the harbour is not so broad as the Thames at Westminster, and is defended on the Gosport side by four forts and a strong platform of cannon. The markets are on Thursday and Saturday, as well as a small one on Tuesday; and a fair which continues fourteen days.

70 Portsmouth Common, Hants, 32.

257 Pothall, Cornwall, 128.

14 Potter’s Lane, Surrey, 47.

90 Poulner, Hants, 88.

210 Poulston, Devon, 152.

121 Poundbury, Dorset, 109. Poundbury Camp is an irregular parallelogram in shape, surrounded by a vallum, which is very lofty, but appears to have been discontinued on the north side, or perhaps has been worn away: on the east side, on which was the principal entrance, it appears to have been double. Another entrance next the river was made with the greatest art, a narrow path being drawn all along between the edge of the precipice and the vallum; and beyond the camp, west, for a long way, a small trench is cut upon the said edge, which seems designed to prevent the ascent of cavalry. The breadth of the area is 147 paces, and its length 378: towards the middle the ground is considerably elevated, and near the south side is a barrow, which is imagined to be Celtic, and extant before the camp was made.

103 Pound Close, Dorset, 107.

229 Pounds Cause, Cornwall, 154.

27 Povey Cross, Surrey, 48.

17 Pratt’s Bottom, Kent, 17.

75 Preshute, Wilts, 183. A parish containing 100 houses, and 496 inhabitants.

122 Preston, Somerset, 141. A parish containing 46 houses, and 260 inhabitants.

52 Preston, Sussex, 51. A parish containing 31 houses, and 222 inhabitants.

Prinsted, Sussex, 215.

263 Probus, Cornwall, 128. A parish containing 194 houses, and 1013 inhabitants.

118 Puddimore, Somerset, 166. A parish containing 26 houses, and 154 inhabitants.

128 Puddle Town, Somerset, 142.

45 Puntfield, Berks, 178.

65 Purbrook, Hants, 32.

8 Putney Heath, Surrey, 24. On this heath stands an obelisk, erected to commemorate an invention for securing buildings against fire.

Q.

Quag-end, Hants, 213.

70 Quarley, Hants, 159. A parish containing 34 houses, and 134 inhabitants.

71 Quarley Hill, Hants, 160. On this hill are considerable traces of a Roman encampment.

31 Quarry Hill, Kent, 14.

115 Queen’s Camel, Somerset, 166. A parish containing 94 houses, and 584 inhabitants. This was formerly a considerable town, having two markets weekly, but was nearly destroyed by fire about two centuries since.

80 Quemerford, Bridge, Wilts, 184.

83 Quidhampton, Wilts, 136, 208.

R.

42 Radfield, Kent, 6.

127 Radipole, Dorset, 171. A parish containing 26 houses, and 151 inhabitants.

114 Radstoke, Somerset, 188. A parish containing 100 houses, and 509 inhabitants.

89 Rag Lane, Wilts, 185.

34 Rainham, Kent, 5. A parish containing 119 houses, and 722 inhabitants. It consists of one principal street, and the church contains several ancient monuments, particularly an elegant marble statue of one of the Earls of Thanet.

33 Rainham, Mark, Kent, 5.

49 Rake, Sussex, 29.

72 Ramsgate, Kent, 13. This town is situated in a valley, commanding a delightful prospect of the British Channel. Anciently it was but a mean fishing village, but has acquired its present respectability from its inhabitants, about a century back, entering largely into the Russia and East country trade, and of late years from its fashionable resort as a sea-bathing place. A spacious new street has been erected for the accommodation of its numerous summer visitors, and it has now become the rival of Margate. The pier, built of Portland and Purbeck stone, at the expence of several hundred thousand pounds, is the most magnificent structure of the kind in the kingdom. It extends eight hundred feet into the sea before it forms an angle, and is twenty-six feet broad at the top. Its south front is a polygon, its angles five on a side, each four hundred and fifty feet, with octagons of sixty feet at the ends, and the entrance two hundred feet; this great work was began in 1749. The harbour is capable of admitting vessels of five hundred tons, and the pier forms the grand promenade. The bathing place lies in front of a long line of high chalky rocks at the back of the pier, composed of a reddish sand, soft and pleasant to the feet; it is furnished with machines in the same manner as Margate. The rooms for the accommodation of the bathers are commodious, and there are four warm salt water baths, also a plunging and shower bath, with convenient rooms attached. The assembly room is a neat fabric, near the harbour, with all the various coffee, tea, billiard, card, &c. rooms annexed; the whole is under the direction of the master of the ceremonies of Margate. There are several good hotels, and numerous lodging houses, suited to every sort of company. It has a handsome chapel erected in 1785. The town is well paved, lighted, and watched; and contains 919 houses, and 4221 inhabitants. In addition to the many improvements made at Ramsgate, a stone light-house has been built on the west head, furnished with patent lamps and reflectors. The markets are on Wednesday and Saturday.

41 Ramsnest Common, Surrey, 37.

75 Ranvill’s Gate, Hants, 86.

69 Ratlick, Hants, 85.

133 Rayn, St., Hill, Somerset, 143.

39 Reading, Berks, 178. A borough and market town, on the river Kennet, which joins the Thames a little below the town. It consists of three parishes, and contains 2032 houses, and 10,788 inhabitants. Each parish has its church, and there is a neat stone bridge over the river. Reading sends two members to parliament; and here are held the Lent Assizes, and the Epiphany County Sessions. The streets are paved, many of them are wide, and contain some handsome houses. Its principal manufactures are sacking, sail-cloth, blankets, ribbons, and pins. On Bullmarsh Heath there are annual horse races, the third Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, in August. Here is also a small theatre. The principal market days are on Saturday, for corn, cattle, and provisions; and on Wednesday, for provisions, poultry, fruit, vegetables, &c.

77 Redbridge, Hants, 91.

90 Red Hill, Wilts, 185.

108 Redlynch, Somerset, 173.

93 Red Stocks, Wilts, 199.

237 Redtye, Cornwall, 156.

Rewell Wood, The, Sussex, 217.

17 Richmore Hill, Kent, 17.

13 Riddles Down, Surrey, 55.

123 Ridge Way, Dorset, 171.

91 Ridge Wood, Great, Wilts, 163.

210 Ridgway, Devon, 122.

91 Ringwood, Hants, 88. A market town and parish, containing 678 houses, and 3269 inhabitants, situated on the east side of the river Avon. Many of the houses and the church are well built. This town has long been celebrated for the excellence of its ale, of which considerable quantities are exported. The neighbouring meadows are frequently overflowed by the several streams into which the river is here divided. The market is on Wednesday.

23 Ripley, Surrey, 26. This is a handsome little village, and has a neat chapel.

22 Riverhead, Kent, 17. This village takes its name from the head of the river Darent in the neighbourhood. It contains 129 houses, and 750 inhabitants.

25 River Hill, Kent, 18.

239 Roach Down, Cornwall, 156.

50 Robertsbridge, Sussex, 21.

29 ROCHESTER, Kent, 4. A city containing three parishes, 1532 houses, and 9070 inhabitants, situated on an angle of the river Medway. A church was first erected here about the year 600, by Ethelbert, King of Kent. The present steeple was built about the year 1749. On the north side of the cathedral stands a tower or castle, supposed to have been erected by bishop Gundulph, whose name it bears; it was originally sixty feet high, but is now much reduced: the walls are six feet thick, and enclose an area of twenty feet square. Rochester has a stone bridge over the Medway, of eleven arches, the largest being about forty feet wide. The castle is so lofty that it may be seen at the distance of thirty miles; several attempts have been made to pull it down, but it was found too durable to pay for the expence of rescaling the stones. Rochester and Chatham are connected by a long row of buildings on a gentle eminence, called the Bank. In the cemetery, on the north side of the cathedral, is the church belonging to the parish of St. Nicholas. The present fabric was erected about the year 1620. It is a very substantial building, the walls being of great thickness, and supported on all sides by buttresses; it consists of a nave and two side aisles, which are separated by two ranges of lofty columns, from which spring the arches supporting the roof. The episcopal palace is at Bromley, no bishop having resided here since the Reformation. The town hall, erected in 1687, is a handsome structure: the clock-house was built in 1686, at the expence of Sir Cloudesley Shovel, who also gave the clock; it has been subsequently repaired and beautified at the city’s expence. The main street is wide and well paved. This city sends two members to parliament, who are elected by the freemen at large. The market is on Friday.

165 Rockbere, Devon, 116. A parish containing 78 houses, and 419 inhabitants.

164 Rockwell Green, Somerset, 194.

39 Rodd Lane, Surrey, 28.

Roe Ashes, Hants, 213.

73 Romsey, Hants, 86, 211, 220. A market town and parish, containing 933 houses, and 4297 inhabitants; situated on the river Test, which falls into Southampton bay; and the canal, from Southampton to Andover, passes through the town. The church is a noble edifice, built in the form of a cross, and is arched with stone of beautiful Saxon architecture; it contains several curious and ancient monuments; but the most singular curiosity is an apple tree growing on the leads of the roof, which produces good fruit: the origin of this tree is not remembered by the oldest inhabitant. The principal trade of this town is in the manufacture of sacking and paper. The market is on Saturday.

76 Romsey Common, Hants, 86.

57 Rooks Hill, Sussex, 36.

55 Ropley Dean, Hants, 83.

53 Ropley Stoke, Hants, 83.

254 Rosedale, Cornwall, 158.

237 Rosewarick, Cornwall, 156.

87 Roundaway, Wilts, 198.

131 Roundham, Somerset, 143.

131 Roundham Common, Somerset, 143.

90 Rowd, Wilts, 199, a parish containing 178 houses, and 796 inhabitants.

99 Rudley, Wilts, 186.

99 Rudley Firs, Wilts, 186.

82 Rufus’s Stone, Hants, 87. This pillar was erected by the late Lord Delawar, in commemoration of the fatal catastrophe of King William the Second, surnamed Rufus. It consists of a plain triangular stone, not more than six feet high, surmounted with a ball, and charged with inscriptions.

78 Rumbridge, Hants, 91, 92.

53 Rumsden Bottom, Hants, 95.

159 Rumwell, Somerset, 194.

33 Ruscombe, Wilts, 177.

138 Rush Moor, Somerset, 169.

6 Rushy Green, Kent, 15.

4 Rushy Green, Surrey, 52.

243 Ruthvos, Cornwall, 156.

243 Rye Downs, Cornwall, 126.

21 Ryegate, Surrey, 47, 54. A borough and market town, consisting of two well built streets, containing 407 houses, and 2246 inhabitants. It is situated in a pleasant valley called Holmsdale, and its name is supposed to have been derived from a Saxon word signifying the course of a river, it being seated on a branch of the Mole. A gate and some small remains are still to be seen of Holms Castle, particularly a long vault with a large room at the end, in which the Barons, who took up arms against King John, are said to have had their private meetings, especially the evening preceding the general congress at Runny Mead: which has rendered this place an object of curiosity. Ryegate has sent members to parliament ever since the reign of Edward the First. The neighbourhood abounds with fullers earth, and medicinal springs. Market on Tuesday, besides a monthly one on Wednesday.

19 Ryegate Hill, Surrey, 47.

S.

52 Sages Cross, Berks, 179.

81 SALISBURY, Wilts, 104, 136, 209. A city containing 1575 houses, and 8243 inhabitants. It was first built on a hill, a situation chosen by the Britons. The original cathedral was finished in the most splendid manner by bishop Roger, in the reign of King Stephen, but the bishop’s castle being seized and garrisoned by the king, the bishops and canons resolved to remove to a spot where they would be less disturbed; and the present site of the cathedral was chosen by bishop Poore, in the reign of Henry the Third. The church was began in 1220, and finished in six years. The body of the building is supported by ten pointed arches on each side, resting on clusters of the lightest pillars, each transept has three such arches, forming as many chapels, and the choir has seven arches. The chapter house is an octagonal building, with a clustered pillar in the middle, the frieze all round, under the windows, has reliefs of scripture history in tolerable preservation. The cloister on the south is the largest and most magnificent in England. The west front and buttresses of the cathedral all round have been filled with statues. In the nave, choir, and transepts, are many handsome and ancient monuments of the earls and bishops of Salisbury. The whole cathedral has of late years undergone a thorough repair, and received many improvements. The east window, which is twenty-three feet in height, is composed of beautiful painted glass; the windows on each side are painted in mosaic, as well as those on the north and south sides of what was called the Lady Chapel. This cathedral is the most elegant and regular Gothic structure in the kingdom, and its spire, which is the loftiest in England, is 410 feet high. The church of St. Thomas was built by bishop Bingham, as a chapel of ease to the cathedral, and contains several handsome monuments; it is ornamented with a well adorned tower, ninety feet high to the top of the stone work, the finishing above being of wood covered with lead. In the tower are eight bells, with a set of chimes. On the east side of the tower is a dial near ten feet square, and on the south side are two figures in niches, of Thomas à Becket, and the Virgin Mary with our Saviour in her arms. The market place is very extensive, being a handsome open square, in the south-east corner of which stands the council house, a magnificent structure, occupying the site of the old Guildhall; it was erected at the expence of the Earl of Radnor, and completed in 1795. It is a square building of white brick, with a grand Doric portico at the entrance to the two courts of law on the west side, and a large bow window projecting from the great room on the east. The principal entrance is on the north, with a flight of steps leading to the door through a noble façade, consisting of four Doric columns; the whole building is surrounded by a rich cornice, and the angles of each front are ornamented with handsome rustic work in stone. In the different apartments contained in this building all the public business of the city is transacted. Salisbury was first incorporated by Henry the Third, and increased so much after the desertion of Old Sarum, the building of the cathedral, and the turning the western road through it by a grant from Edward the Third, that it soon became one of the most thriving cities in England. It has a considerable manufacture of flannels, and the cloth called Salisbury whites, and some traffic in cutlery. The streets are in general spacious, and built at right angles. Four rivers meet near the city, and the waters of three of them run through the streets in canals lined with brick. There are no vaults in any of the churches, nor any cellars in the town, the soil being so moist that the water rises up in the graves dug in the cathedral. Salisbury sends two members to parliament. There is a concert every other Thursday during the winter, and once a month during the summer, well supported, and at which all strangers are admitted gratis: there is also an assembly every other Thursday during the winter, and a neat little theatre. Here are three charity schools, in which 170 children are taught and clothed. The races are commonly held in the month of August, and continue three days, being generally well attended. The markets are on Tuesday and Saturday.