NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 19, 1887

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XXIV., No. 620.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

I.ARCHITECTURE—Bristol Cathedral—The history and description of this ancient building, with large illustration.—1 illustration.9904

II.BIOGRAPHY—Oliver Evans and the Steam Engine.—The work of this early pioneer, hitherto but slightly recognized at his true worth as an inventor.9896

III.CHEMISTRY—The Chemistry of the Cotton Fiber—By Dr. BOWMAN—An interesting investigation, showing the variation in composition in different cottons.9909

Synthesis of Styrolene.9910

Notes on Saccharin.9910

Alcohol and Turpentine.9910

IV.ENGINEERING—Auguste's Endless Stone Saw—A valuable improvement, introducing the principle of the band saw, and producing a horizontal cut—10 illustrations.9896

V.ELECTRICITY.—A Current Meter—The Jehl & Rupp meter for electricity described—1 illustration.9903

Mix & Genest's Microphone Telephone—The new telephone recently adopted by the imperial post office department of Germany—3 illustrations.9902

Storage Batteries for Electric Locomotion—By A. RECKENZAUN—A valuable paper on this subject, giving historical facts and working figures of expense, etc.9903

The Telemeter System—By R.F. UPTON—The system of Ö.L. Clarke, of New York, as described before the British Association—A valuable tribute to an American inventor—1 illustration.9900

VI.METALLURGY.—The Newbery-Vautin Chlorination Process—A new process of extracting gold from its ores, with details of the management of the process and apparatus—1 illustration.9907

VII.MISCELLANEOUS.—A Gigantic Load of Lumber—The largest barge load of lumber ever shipped—The barge Wahnapitæ and her appearance as loaded at Duluth—1 illustration.9907

Apparatus for Exercising the Muscles—An appliance for use by invalids requiring to exercise atrophied limbs—1 illustration.9908

Practical Education.—A plea for the support of manual training schools.9906

Waves—The subject of ocean waves fully treated—An interesting resume of our present knowledge of this phenomenon of fluids.9906

VIII.NAVAL ENGINEERING—The New Spanish Armored Cruiser Reina Regente. —Illustration and full description of this recent addition to the Spanish navy.—1 illustration.9895

The Spanish Torpedo Boat Azor—Illustration and note of speed, etc., of this new vessel—1 illustration.9895

IX.OPHTHALMOLOGY—The Bull Optometer—An apparatus for testing the eyesight.—The invention of Dr George J. Bull.—3 illustrations.9908

X.SANITATION AND HYGIENE—The Sanitation of Towns—By J. GORDON, C.E.—A presidential address before the Leicester meeting of the Society of Municipal and Sanitary Engineers and Surveyors of England.9909

XI.TECHNOLOGY—A New Monster Revolving Black Ash Furnace and the Work Done with It—By WATSON SMITH—The great furnace of the Widnes Alkali Company described, with results and features of its working—4 illustrations.9900

Apparatus Used for Making Alcohol for Hospital Use during the Civil War between the States—By CHARLES K. GALLAGHER—A curiosity of war times described and illustrated.—1 illustration.9900

Confederate Apparatus for Manufacturing Saltpeter for Ammunition —By CHARLES K. GALLAGHER—Primitive process for extracting saltpeter from earth and other material—1 illustration.9900

Electrolysis and Refining of Sugar—A method of bleaching sugar said to be due to ozone produced by electric currents acting on the solution—1 illustration.9903

Improvements in the Manufacture of Portland Cement—By FREDERICK RANSOME, A.I.C.E.—An important paper recently read before the British Association, giving the last and most advanced methods of manufacture.9901

Roburite, the New Explosive—Practical tests of this substance, with special application to coal mining.9897

The Mechanical Reeling of Silk.—An advanced method of treating silk cocoons, designed to dispense with the old hand winding of the raw silk.—3 illustrations.9898