MANYÔSHIU TEXT TRANSLITERATED
Reading edition
Maki I Kami
Kusagusa no uta. Hatsuse no Asakura no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumeramikoto no mi-yo.
1
Ko mo yo 1 mi ko mochi fukushi mo yo fukushi mochi kono woka ni 5 na tsumasu ko ihe norase na norasane soramitsu Yamato no kuni ha 10 oshinabete are koso wore shikinabete are koso mase a wo koso 15 se to ha norame ihe wo mo na wo mo!
1 mo yo, interjectional phrase of mingled admiration and entreaty.
6 na, herbs. ko, girl, ko in 1, 2 = basket or satchel.
7 norase, honour-causative imperative.
8 norasane, hortative form of honour-causative with particle ne; it implies some degree of respect.
9 A makura kotoba (m. k.) applied to yama (Yamato).
12 are = ware; koso wore, emphatic declarative of woru, be, be in, at, &c.
13 Almost equivalent to 11 oshinabete = oshi nabikasete, causing all to acknowledge my power and protection.
16 se = brother, husband, lover.
17 na here and in 8 = name.
vv. 1-6 lead up to ko the first climax; 7-14 to the second climax; 15-17 to the final climax. 1-6 furnish a good instance of the reversed order of words in the Japanese sentence.
For soramitsu see List m. k.
Takechi no Woka no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi yo.
2
Sumera mikoto no Kagu yama ni noborimashite kunimi shitamaheru toki mi yomimaseru ohomi uta.
Yamato ni ha 1 mura yama aredo tori-yorofu Ame-no-kagu-yama nobori-tachi 5 kuni-mi wo sureba kuni hara ha keburi tachi-tatsu unabara ha kamome tachi-tatsu 10 umashi kuni so Akitsushima Yamato no kuni ha!
6 The logical subject is, I the Mikado.
11 so is, perhaps, oftener written zo.
For Akitsushima see List m. k.
3
Sumeramikoto no Uchi no nu mi kari shitamaheru toki Nakachi Himemiko no Hashihito no Muraji Oyu wo shite tatematsurase tamafu uta.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no ashita ni ha tori-nade-tamahi yufube ni ha 5 i-yori-tatashishi mi torashi no adzusa no yumi no nari hazu no oto su nari 10 asa-kari ni ima tatasurashi yufu-kari ni ima tatasurashi mi torashi no 15 adzusa no yumi no nari hazu no oto su nari! Tamakiharu 1 Uchi no ohonu ni uma namete asa fumasuramu sono fukakusa nu. 5
6 i, a prefix of which the value is lost.
9 nari here means sound, twang.
12 tatasurashi = tatsuramu.
2 Uchi may = utsutsu, or possibly ude, arm.
For yasumishishi, mi torashi no, adzusa no yumi and tamakiharu see List of m. k. The m. k. it must be remembered are epithets, or expressions in the nature of epithets, only. Thus 7, 8 and 15, 16 are simply double m. k. of nari, indeed nari hazu no is almost another m. k. of oto.
4 fumasuramu = fumamu.
4
Sanuki no kuni Aya no kohori ni idemaseru toki Ikusa no Ohokimi no yama wo mite yomitamaheru uta.
Kasumitatsu 1 nagaki haru hi no kure ni keru wadzuki mo shirazu murakimono 5 kokoro wo itami nuye no tori uranage woreba tamatasuki kake no yoroshiku 10 tohotsu kami waga ohokimi no idemashi no yama koshi no kaze no hitori woru 15 waga koromode ni asa yohi ni kaherahinureba masurawo to omoheru are mo 20 kusamakura tabi nishi areba omohi-yaru tadzuki wo shirani Tsunu no ura no 25 ama wotomera ga yakushiho no omohi so yakuru aga shita-gokoro. Yama koshi ni 1 kaze wo tokizhi ni nuru yo ochizu ihe naru imo wo kakete shinubitsu. 5
In the dai the no after Ohokimi is read with yomi … uta. In 3 and 22 ni is rather a verbal form (nu) than a postposition.
8 uranage = uchi ni nageki, inwardly, profoundly, lamenting.
10 kake (kakuru) a verb of wide connotation, fundamentally, hang on or over, suspend, put to, forth or on, [kotoba wo] kake, utter, as here.
18 kaherahinureba = kaherinureba.
19 masurawo is said to be ma-ara shi-wo, right-bold-man, or better (more grammatically) masa (or masu)-ara-wo, which has the same meaning.
22 shi is a particle of emphasis.
23 omohi-yaru, thought-send-away, get rid of (unpleasing) thoughts; omohi, common throughout the Lays, means think, think affectionately or regretfully of, &c.
3 nuru yo ochizu, without missing a sleeping night.
5 kakete = kokoro ni kakete, bearing in mind. shinubu is to love, yearn for, regret. omohi is the more general term, shinubu more special, shitahi, affection, kofuru, kohi, &c., love of men and women. But these connotations are not strictly adhered to.
5
Nakachi no Ohoye no [Afumi no miya ni shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto] Mitsu yama no mi uta.
Takayama ha 1 Unebi wo yeshi to Miminashi to ahi-arisohiki kamiyo yori 5 kaku narurashi inishihe mo shika nare koso utsusemi mo Tsuma wo 10 arasofurashiki. Takayama to 1 Miminashi yama to ahishi toki tachite mi ni koshi Inami kuni hara. 5
In the dai … meshishi is the participial past form of mesu. Care must be taken to distinguish between this shi and such a terminational shi as narurashi (6), koshi (4).
1 Read Kaguyama ha Unebi wo yeshi to (te) Miminashi to ahi arisohi.
4 Observe the past form in ki.
6 narurashi = naramu, nearly.
7 inishi-he = passed away period, i.e. ancient.
10 A three-syllable verse.
11 supply mono nari.
1 A mistake in the script, it should be Kaguyama.
4 mi, see.
Afumi no Ohotsu no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi yo.
6
Sumera mikoto uchi no ohomahetsu kimi Fujihara no Asomi ni mikotonori shite haru yama no hana no iro aki yama no momichi no nihohi wo arasohashimetamafu toki Nukata no Ohokimi no uta mochite kotowaritamaheru sono uta.
Fuyukomori 1 haru sarikureba nakazarishi tori mo ki-nakinu sakazarishi 5 hana mo sakeredo yama mo shimi irite mo [kikazu] kusa fukami torite mo mizu 10 aki yama no ko no ha wo mite ha momitsu wo ba torite so shinubu awoki wo ba 15 okite so nageku soko shi tanushi aki yama are ha!
4 ki-nakinu, come-sing-finished, the past in nu.
6, 7 Read as if hana mo sake yama mo shigedo.
10 toramu to mo mizu.
12 ko = ki, tree.
13 momitsu, momi, is red.
16 nageku, naga-iki, sigh, with pleasure or pain.
17 tanushi, tanoshiki.
18 are, ware.
For fuyukomori see List m. k.
7
Nukata no Ohokimi no Afumi no kuni ni kudaritamaheru toki yomitamaheru uta.
Umasake Miwa no yama awoniyoshi Nara no yama no yama no ma yu 5 i-kakuru made michi no kuma i-tsumoru made ni tsubaraka ni mitsutsu yukamu wo 10 shibashiba mo misakamu yama wo kokoro naku kumo no kakusafubeshi ya. 15
6 kakuru, to be hidden.
10 yukamu [mono] wo [omohite].
15 kakusubeshi.
For umasake and awoniyoshi see List m. k.
Maki I Naka
Asuka no Kiyomihara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
8
Sumera mikoto no mi-yomimaseru ohomi uta.
Mi-Yoshinu no 1 Mikane no take ni tokinaku so yuki ha furikeru ma naku so 5 ame ha furikeru sono yuki no tokinaki ga goto sono ame no ma naki ga goto 10 kuma mo ochizu omohitsutsu so kuru sono yama michi wo.
1 mi = ma, true, excellent, almost Greek εὐ-.
13 Read michi wo with kuru.
Fujihara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
9
Afumi no aretaru miyako wo yuku Kakinomoto no Asomi Hitomaro ga yomeru uta.
Tamatasuki 1 Unebi no yama no kashihara no hizhiri no mi-yo yo aremashishi 5 kami no kotogoto tsuganokino iya tsugitsugi ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi wo 10 soramitsu Yamato wo okite awoniyoshi Nara yama koyete ikasama ni 15 omohoshikeme ka amazakaru hina ni ha aranedo ihabashiru Afumi no kuni no 20 sasanami no ohotsu no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshikemu Sumerogi no 25 kami no mikoto no ohomiya ha koko to kikedomo ohotono ha kaku to ihedomo 30 kasumitatsu haru hi ka kireru natsu kusa ka shigeru narinuru momoshiki no 35 ohomiya tokoro mireba kanashi mo. Sasanami no 1 Shiga no Karasaki sakiku aredo ohomiya hito no fune machikanetsu. 5 Sasanami no 1 Shiga no Ohowada yodomu tomo mukashi no hito ni mata mo ahame ya mo. 5
See vol. of translations.
The m. k. apply to the words following them, but (1) to Une[bi], (19) to aha of Afumi.
For tamatasuki, tsuganokino, soramitsu, awoniyoshi, amazakaru, ihabashiru, sasanami, kasumitatsu, momoshiki see List m. k.
2 Note the jingle Karasaki | sakiku.
10
Yoshinu no miya ni idemaseru toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta (futatsu) kaheshi uta (hitotsu).
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no kikoshiwosu amenoshita ni kuni ha shimo 5 saha ni aredomo yama kaha no kiyoki Kafuchi to mikokorowo Yoshinu no kuni no 10 hana chirafu Akidzu no nu he ni miya hashira futoshikimaseba momoshikino 15 ohomiya hito ha fune namete asa kaha watari fune kihohi yufu kaha watari 20 kono kaha no tayuru koto naku kono yama no iya takakarashi ochi-tagitsu 25 taki no miyako ha miredo akanu ka mo. miredo akanu 1 Yoshinu no kaha no toko name no tayurukoto naku mata kaherimimu. 5
3 kikoshiwosu; wosu is to eat; kikoshi, honour-causative intensitive of kiku, hear, have sensation of, taste, judge, &c.; the whole = kikoshimesu, to be supreme over, govern. The idea, perhaps, was that of the chief having complete control of all the wealth of the tribe originally for the subsistence of himself and his gesyth.
5 shi mo, a pair of emphatic particles. Shi perhaps was originally this or that, or this or that self (or it may be root of suru, to do, act); mo is merely, also, too. Shi mo almost = naho.
6 saha, abundant. The homonym saha also means a marshy valley-bottom, in Japano-Chinese taku. Hence by a rebus-wise use of the Chinese character taku continued with san mountain (yama) came to be takusan, a common word for much, many.
11 For hana-chiru.
19 kihohi = kisohi (gihohi).
26 taki or tagi = cascade, rapids, descriptive of neighbourhood of the miyako.
27 ka mo, an elliptical expression, omofu being understood, almost = mo gana.
For yasumishishi, mikokorowo, momoshikino see List m. k.
11
Yasumishishi 1 Waga ohokimi kamu nagara kamusabisesu to Yoshinu-gaha 5 tagitsu Kafuchi ni takatono wo takashirimashite nobori-tachi kunimi wo sureba 10 tatanadzuku awokaki yama yamatsumi no matsuru mitsugi to haru he ha 15 hana kazashi mochi aki tateba momichi-ba kazashi Yufu-gaha no kami mo 20 ohomike ni tsukahematsuru to kamitsu se ni u-kaha wo tate shimotsu se ni 25 sade sashiwatashi yama kaha mo yorite tsukafuru kami no mi-yo ka mo. Yama kaha mo 1 yorite tsukafuru kamu nagara tagitsu Kafuchi ni funade sesu ka mo! 5
3 kamu = kami.
4 kamu sabi sesu, sabi is viewed in the Kogi as contraction of shika-buri. More likely sabi is connected with sabu (shiki) and samushi.
8 takashiri …, to exercise high rule.
13 yamatsumi, compare watatsumi (yama-wata-tsu [ka] mi), mountain gods. I prefer this to Dr. Florenz’s etymology (F. I. 39).
16 kazashi = kami-sashi, stick in, or wear on, the hair.
24 to set up a cormorant-stream, i.e. provide cormorants and their keepers.
5 desesu = idasu, i.e. funade wo seshimu.
The m. k. (11) applies rather to yama.
For yasumishishi and tatanadzuku see List m. k.
12
Karu no miko no Aki no nu ni yadorimaseru toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru hi no miko kamu nagara 5 kamusabisesu to futoshikasu miyako wo okite komorikuno Hatsuse no yama ha 10 makitatsu arayama michi wo iha ga ne no shimoto oshinabe sakatorino 15 asa koyemashite kagirohino yufu sarikureba mi-yaki furu Aki no ohonu ni 20 hatasusuki shinu ni oshinabe kusamakura tabi-yadorisesu inishihe ’mohoshite. 25
1, 2, 3 are introductory to hi no miko.
12 Supply yukuni after wo.
14 shimoto, brushwood, bushes.
14, 22 oshinabe = oshinabikasu, push-bend-down. shinu = shinaheru, intensifies the meaning; shinu, shinubu, shinaheru, shinahi, shinadaru are all etymologically and logically connected.
19 mi = utsukushii.
21 A tall full-spiked grass, probably an Arundo or Miscanthus.
22 shita ni oshi-fuse-nabikasu sama, shinu connected with shinahe, shinubu.
25 omohoshite.
The m. k. (9) applies to Hatsuse no yama.
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, komorikuno, makitatsu, sakatorino, kagirohino, kusamakura see List m. k.
Maki I Shimo
13
Fujihara no miya tsukuri ni tateru tami no yomeru uta.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru hi no miko arataheno 5 Fujihara ga uhe ni wosu kuni wo meshitamahamu to ohomiya ha takashirasamu to 10 kamu nagara omohosu nabe ni ame tsuchi mo yorite are koso ihabashiru 15 Afumi no kuni no koromodeno Tanakami yama makisaku hi no tsumade wo 20 mononofuno yaso Uji-kaha ni tamamonasu ukabe nagasere so wo toru to 25 sawaku mi-tami mo ihe wasure mi wo tanashirani kamo zhi mono midzu ni uki-wite 30 aga tsukuru hi no mikado ni shiranu kuni yori Kose-ji yori waga kuni ha 35 tokoyo ni naramu fumi oheru ayashiki kame mo arata yo to Idzumi no kaha ha 40 mochi koseru maki no tsumade wo momotarazu ikada ni tsukuri nobosuramu 45 isohaku mireba kamu nagara narashi.
8 meshi, mishi (miru).
8, 10 Supply omote after to.
10 Equivalent to shiroshimesu = here, to give high command for.
12 omohosu nabe; nabe has force of tsurete (together with).
12, 13, 14 to be read together.
14 are = areba.
25 so = sore (tsumade).
26 Or sawagu.
31 aga = tami.
34 The meaning is made clear by passing to v. 40, and reading the intervening verses as a parenthesis.
47 narashi, I take = naramu, nearly.
The m. k. (5) applies to Fuji[hara], (17) to Ta[nakami], (43) to i[kada]; i = 50.
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, arataheno, ihabashiru, koromodeno, makisaku, mononofuno, tamamonasu, momotarazu see List m. k.
14
Fujihara no miya no mi-wi no uta.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru hi no miko arataheno 5 Fujiwi ga hara ni ohomikado hazhimetamahite Haniyasu no tsutsumi no uhe ni 10 aritatashi meshitamaheba Yamato no awokagu yama ha hi no tate no 15 ohomikado ni awoyama to shimi sabitateni Unebi no kono midzu yama ha 20 hi no yoko no ohomikado ni midzu yama to yama sabi-imasu Miminashi no 25 awosuga yama ha sotomo no ohomikado ni yoroshi nabe kamusabitateru 30 naguhashi Yoshinu no yama ha kagetomo ni ohomikado yo kumowi ni so 35 tohoku arikeru takashiru ya ame no mi kage ameshiruya hi no mi kage no 40 midzu koso ha tokiha ni arame mi-wi no mashi midzu. Fujihara no 1 ohomiya tsukahe aretsugu ya wotome ga tomo ha tomoshiki ro ka mo. 5
4 hi no miko is the Queen-Regnant Jito, the subject of all the verbs down to tamaheba (v. 12).
15 hi no tate must here mean the East, and hi no yoko (21), lit. the noon-sun direction, must mean the West.
27 sotomo, hinder, shady, or north face.
33 kagetomo, light or south face. The exact distribution, however, of the meaning of these terms is not quite clear; hinotate, hi no yoke, sotomo, kagetomo.
37, 39 I take the ya as interjectional.
39 ame-shiru, heaven-rule.
40 I take the no as connecting 37-40 with midzu in 41. The text is not easy, and the Kogi seems to me rather to shirk the main difficulties.
3 are-tsugu = arahare-tsugu, be manifest, i.e. follow in succession.
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, arataheno, ameshiruya see List m. k.
[Nara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.]
15
[Aru hon] Fujihara no miyako yori Nara no miya ni utsurimaseru toki no uta.
Ohokimi no 1 mikoto kashikomi nikibinishi ihe wo oki komorikuno 5 Hatsuse no kaha ni fune ukete aga yuku kaha no kaha kuma no yaso kuma ochizu 10 yorodzu tabi kaherimishitsutsu tamahokono michi yuki-kurashi awoniyoshi 15 Nara no miyako no Saho-gaha ni i-yuki itarite aga netaru koromo no uhe yo 20 asadzuku yo sayaka ni mireba tahe no ho ni yoru no shimo furi ihatoko to 25 kaha no hikohori sayuru yo wo yasumu koto naku kayohitsutsu tsukureru ihe ni 30 chi yo made ni imasamu kimi to are mo kayohamu. Awoniyoshi 1 Nara no ihe ni ha yorodzu yo ni are mo kayohamu wasuru to ’mofu na. 5
32 kimi is the friend who has removed to the new capital.
5 omofu.
For komorikuno, tamahokono, awoniyoshi see List m. k.
Maki II Kami
Shitashimi uta. Asuka no Kiyomihara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
16, 17
Hitomaro ga Ihami no kuni yori me ni wakarete mawinoboru toki uta futatsu.
16
Ihami no mi 1 Tsunu no ura-mi wo ura nashi to hito koso mirame katanashi to 5 hito koso mirame yoshiweyashi ura ha naku tomo yoshiweyashi kata ha naku tomo 10 isanatori umi he wo sashite Watadzu no ariso no uhe ni ka-awo naru 15 tamamo okitsu mo asa ha furu kaze koso ki-yose yufu ha furu nami koso ki-yose 20 nami no muta ka yori kaku yoru tamamonasu yori-neshi imo wo tsuyushimono 25 okite shi kureba kono michi no yasokuma goto ni yorodzu tabi kaherimi suredo 30 iya toho ni sato ha sakarinu iya taka ni yama wa koyekinu natsukusano 35 omohishi nayete shinubaramu imo ga kado mimu nabike kono yama. Ihami no ya 1 Takatsunu yama no ko no ma yori aga furu sode wo imo mitsuramu ka. 5 Sasa ga ha ha 1 mi-yama mo saya ni midaredomo are ha imo omofu wakare kinureba. 5
1 mi, umi, sea.
2 mi, neighbourhood, tract.
5 kata, land dry at low tide.
21 with the motion of the waves.
28 yaso, lit. 80 = many, all.
35 Read with nayete.
39 nabike, has imperative meaning.
3 ko is tree.
5 mitsuramu = shall have seen?
2 mi-yama = great hills. saya ni, murmurously.
5 Read before 4. The m. k. (35) applies to nayete.
For isanatori, tamamonasu, tsuyushimono, natsukusano see List m. k.
17
Tsunusahafu 1 Ihami no umi no kotosaheku Kara no saki naru ikuri ni so 5 fukamiru ofuru ariso ni so tamamo ha ofuru tamamonasu nabiki-neshi ko wo 10 fukamiruno fukamete ’mohedo sa-neshi yo ha ikuda mo arazu hafu-tsuta no 15 wakareshi kureba kimomukafu kokoro wo itami omohitsutsu kaherimi suredo 20 ohobuneno Watari no yama no momiji-ba no chiri no midari ni imo ga sode 25 saya ni mo miyezu tsumagomoru Yakami no yama no kumo ma yori watarafu tsuki no 30 woshikedomo kakurohi kitsutsu amatsutafu irihi sashinure masurawo to 35 omoheru are no shikitaheno koromo no sode ha tohorite nurenu. Awo koma ga 1 agaki wo hayami kumowi ni so imo ga atari wo sugite ki ni keru. 5 Akiyama ni 1 chirafu momiji-ba shimashiku ha na chiri-midari so imo ga atari mimu. 5
1 ivy-grown.
3 to utter words indistinctly. There is a word-fancy here, Kara being the name of a division of Korea. At this period of Japanese history Korean immigrations were frequent. See Aston’s Nihongi.
5 ikuri = black mud at bottom of sea or pool. (K. 285, LXXIV, N. 269, where it is translated ‘rocks’.)
6 fukamiru = deep-sea miru (a kind of sea-weed).
11, 12 A word-fancy on fukamiru and fukamete.
15 Parting is likened to stripping ivy from its rock.
16, 17 A combination of heart and liver to express mind and feeling.
27 The m. k. tsumagomoru (wife-secluding) applied to the homophon ya (house) of Yakami cannot be rendered.
31 Must be read parenthetically.
The m. k. (1) is applied to Iha[mi], of (33) to hi.
For tsunusahafu, kotosaheku, tamamonasu, fukamiruno, kimomukafu, ohobuneno, amatsutafu, shikitaheno see List m. k.
Maki II Naka
Afumi no Ohotsu no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
18
Sumera mikoto kamuagarimaseru toki wominame ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Utsusemi shi 1 kami ni taheneba sakari-wite asa nageku kimi hanare-wite 5 aga kofuru kimi tama naraba te ni maki-mochite kinu naraba nuku toki mo naku 10 aga kohimu kimi so kiso no yo ime ni miyetsuru.
There are no m. k.
1 shi is the usual emphatic or slightly illative form-word. Utsusemi, utsusomi = utsutsu or wotsutsu mi.
2 taheneba, taheru, be able to, capable of, &c.
4 For asa, mawi may be read.
13 Observe force of tsuru implying that the vision is still in part existent, unforgotten.
12 kiso = kisu = sakujitsu.
For utsusemi see List m. k.
19
Sumera mikoto no oho-araki no toki no uta yotsu [sono uchi] Ohokisaki no mi-uta hitotsu.
Isanatori 1 Afumi no umi wo oki sakete kogi-kuru fune he tsukite 5 kogi-kuru fune okitsu kai itaku na hane so hetsu kai itaku na hane so 10 wakakusano tsuma no mikoto no omofu tori tatsu.
12 tsuma = otto.
1-5 are introductory, 6-10 hortatory, 11-13 give the motive, 13 being the climax.
For isanatori and wakakusano see List m. k.
20
Yamashina no mi-sasagi yori agareru toki Nukata no Ohokimi yomitamaheru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 wago ohokimi no kashikoki ya omi-haka tsukafuru Yamashina 5 Kagami no yama ni yoru ha mo yo no kotogoto hiru ha mo hi no kotogoto 10 ne nomi wo nakitsutsu arite ya momoshiki no ohomiya hito ha yuki wakarenamu. 15
2 wago = waga.
3 ya = yo.
4 Read this line in connexion with 13, 14, 15.
For yasumishishi and momoshiki see List m. k.
Asuka no Kiyomihara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
21
Sumera mikoto no kamuagarimaseru toki Ohokisaki no yomimaseru mi-uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no yufu sareba meshitamafurashi akekureba 5 tohitamafurashi Kamiwoka no yama no momichi wo kefu mo ka mo tohitamahamashi 10 asu mo ka mo meshitamahamashi sono yama wo furisake mitsutsu yufu sareba 15 aya ni kanashimi akekureba urasabi kurashi arataheno koromo no sode ha 20 hiru toki mo nashi.
There are pauses after each of the forms in rashi and mashi.
4 meshi = mishi, hon. caus.
1-12 form an introduction to 13 ff.
For yasumishishi and arataheno see List m. k.
Fujihara no miya ni amenoshita shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
22
Hinami no miko no mikoto no araki no miya no toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Ame tsuchi no 1 hazhime no toki shi hisakatano ama no kahara ni yahoyorodzu 5 chi yorodzu kami no kamu-tsudohi tsudohi imashite kamu agachi agachi shi toki ni 10 Amaterasu Hirume no mikoto ame wo ba shiroshimesu to Ashihara no 15 Midzuho no kuni wo ame tsuchi no yori-ahi no kihami shiroshimesu kami no mikoto to 20 amakumono ya he kaki wakete kami kudari imase matsurishi takahikaru 25 hi no miko ha Asuka no Kiyomi no miya ni kamu nagara futoshikimashite 30 Sumerogi no shikimasu kuni to ama no hara ihato wo hiraki kamu nobori 35 nobori imashinu waga ohokimi miko no mikoto no amenoshita shiroshimeshiseba 40 haru hana no tafutokaramu to mochi-tsuki no tatahashikemu to amenoshita 45 yomo no hito no ohobuneno omohi tanomite amatsumidzu afugite matsu ni 50 ikasama ni omohoshimese ka tsuremonaki Mayumi no woka ni miya hashira 55 futoshiki imashi mi araka no takashirimashite asa goto ni mi koto tohasazu 60 tsuki-hi no maneku narinure soko yuwe ni miko no miyabito yuku-he shirazu mo! 65
5 yaho, eight hundred, i.e. countless.
9 agachi = wakachi (tsu).
18 kihami, in sense of kagiri, extent.
46 yomo, the four quarters, in or from every quarter.
53 tsuremonaki, alone, unattended.
57 mi araka seems to mean here a new royal palace.
60 mi koto, royal words or commands. tohasazu; tohasu = tofu, converse, speak with.
62 maneku = many.
Line 23 refers to Ninigi no mikoto, line 30 to Temmu tennô, 37 ohokimi is Hinami no miko (see XIX, notes).
For hisakata, amakumono, takahikaru, ohobuneno, amatsumidzu see List m. k.
23
[Kahashima no miko no araki no miya no toki] Hitomaro ga Hatsusebe no hime miko to [Osakabe no miko] tatematsureru uta hitotsu.
Tobutorino 1 Asuka no kaha no kamitsu se ni ofuru tamamo ha shimotsu se ni 5 nagare-furafu tamamonasu ka yori kaku yori nabikahishi tsuma no mikoto no 10 tatanadzuku niki-hada sura wo tsurugitachi mi ni sohe-neneba nubatamano 15 yo toko mo aruramu soko yuwe ni nagusame-kanete kedashiku mo afu ya to ’mohoshite 20 tamatareno Wochi no ohonu no asa tsuyu ni tamamo ha hidzuchi yufu-giri ni 25 koromo ha nurete kusamakura tabi-ne ka mo suru ahanu kimi yuwe.
6 furafu = furu.
9 = nabiku.
10 tsuma, karizhi for otto.
11 nikihada = nikoyaka, yaharaku naru hada.
16 aruramu = areru, to waste, desolate.
19 kedashiku = moshi.
For tobutorino, tamamonasu, tatanadzuku, tsurugitachi, nubatamano, tamatareno, kusamakura see List m. k.
24
Takechi no miko no mikoto no Kinohe no araki no miya no toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Kakemaku mo 1 yuyushiki ka mo ihamaku mo aya ni kashikoki Asuka no 5 Makami no hara ni hisakatano amatsu mikado wo kashikoku mo sadame-tamahite 10 kamusabu to iha kakurimasu yasumishishi waga ohokimi no kikoshimesu 15 sotomo no kuni no makitatsu Fuhayama koyete komatsurugi Wazami ga hara no 20 kari-miya ni amori imashite amenoshita osame-tamahi wosu-kuni wo 25 sadame-tamafu to toriganaku Adzuma no kuni no mi ikusa wo meshitamahite 30 chihayaburu hito wo yahase to matsurohanu kuni wo osame to miko nagara 35 makitamaheba ohomi mi ni tachi tori-obashi ohomi te ni yumi tori-motashite 40 mi ikusa wo adomohi-tamahi totonofuru tsutsumi no oto ha ikatsuchi no 45 kowe wo kiku made fuki-naseru kuda no oto mo atamitaru tora ka hoyuru to 50 moro hito no obiyuru made ni sasagetaru hata no nabiki ha fuyukomori 55 haru sarikureba nu goto ni tsukite aru hi no kaze no muta nabiku ga gotoku 60 tori-motaru yu hazu no sawaki mi yuki furu fuyu no hayashi ni 65 tsumushi ka mo i-maki wataru to omofu made kiki no kashikoku hiki-hanatsu 70 ya no shigekeku ohoyuki no midarete kitare matsurohazu tachi-mukahishi mo 75 tsuyu shimo no kenaba kesubeku yukutori no arasofu hashi ni Watarahi no 80 ihahi no miya yu kamu kaze ni i-fuki-madohashi amakumo wo hinomemomisezu 85 tokoyami ni ohohi-tamahite sadameteshi— Midzuho no kuni wo kamu nagara 90 futoshiki imashi[te] yasumishishi waga ohokimi no amenoshita mawoshi tamaheba 95 yorodzu yo ni shikashi mo aramu to yufuhanano sakayuru toki ni waga ohokimi 100 miko no mikado wo kamu miya ni yosohi matsurite tsukahashishi mikado no hito mo 105 shirotaheno asa koromo kite Haniyasu no mikado no hara ni akanesasu 110 hi no kotogoto shishi zhi mono ihahi fushitsutsu nubatamano yufuhe ni nareba 115 ohotono wo furisake mitsutsu udzuranasu ihahi motohori samorahedo 120 samorahi kanete harutorino samayohinureba nageki mo imada suginu ni 125 omohi mo imada tsukineba kotosaheku Kudara no hara yu kamu hafuri 130 hafuri-i mashite asamoyoshi Kinohe no miya wo toko miya to sadame-matsurite 135 kamu nagara shidzumarimashinu shikaredomo waga ohokimi no yorodzu yo to 140 omohoshimeshite tsukurashishi Kagu yama no miya yorodzu yo ni sugimu to ’mohe ya 145 ame no goto furisake mitsutsu tamatasuki kakete shinubamu kashikokaredomo! 150 Hisakata no 1 ame shirashinuru kimi yuwe ni tsuki hi mo shirani kohi-wataru ka mo! 5 Haniyasu no 1 ike no tsutsumi no komorinu no yukuhe wo shirani toneri ha madofu! 5
1 kakemaku = kakemu (koto), about to utter.
5 ihamaku = ihemu (koto), about to say.
8 amatsu mikado, heavenly palace, tomb or mortuary chapel or barrow of Temmu at Ohouchi (N. II. 387).
14 ohokimi = Temmu.
16 sotomo, outer or back face, i.e. north (Mino).
19 komatsurugi is m. k. of Wa(zami).
22 amori, ama ori, descend from heaven.
27 The m. k. applies to A(dzuma).
35 The miko is Takechi.
36 maki = makase, charge with.
37 ohomi mi, great self.
42 Pause at end of this line.
59 under force of the wind.
60 Another pause.
62 yumi no hadzu.
66 ka = kaze.
69 Another pause.
73 Pause.
84 Read this line after 86.
88 Pause, but taken as a sort of pivot, may be connected with Midzuho no kuni in the next line.
90 A god, as god.
93 ohokimi is Jitô.
95 The indirect object of mawoshi … is not expressed, it is Jitô (A.D. 690-6).
98 A quibble is seen by some commentators in yufu (ifu).
101 miko no mikado, the mortuary chapel of Takechi.
102 kamu miya, as a god-shrine.
105 the watchers.
108-9 The hara before the Kagu yama no miya (143).
116 ohotono, the mikado already mentioned.
129 yu = yori.
130 hafuri, officials at funerals and interments; hafuru, to conduct obsequies.
132 m. k. of Ki[nohe].
137 pause.
139 ohokimi must be Takechi.
142 tsukurishi.
145 would outlast, they think belike.
149 [kokoro ni] kakete.
150 Read before 148.
The syntax of this lay is not always clear. The Kogi in its explanation does not refer to Jitô, and almost seems to regard the mawoshi of 95 as addressed to Temmu.
For hisakatano, yasumishishi, komatsurugi, toriganaku, chihayaburu, fuyukomori, tsuyushimono, yukatorino, yufuhanano, shirotaheno, akanesasu, nubatamano, udzuranasu, harutorino, kotosaheku, asamoyoshi, tamatasuki see List m. k.
Maki II Shimo
25
Yuge no miko no sugimaseru toki Okisome no Adzuma-hito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru hi no miko hisakatano 5 ama tsu miya ni kamu nagara kami to imaseba, soko wo shi mo aya ni kashikomi 10 hiru ha mo hi no kotogoto yoru ha mo yo no kotogoto fushi-wi nagekedo 15 aki-taranu ka mo! ohokimi ha 1 kami nishimaseba amakumono iho he ga shita ni kakuri-tamahinu! 5
4 iho he, 500 folds, countless folds or layers; shita = ura, within or behind.
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, hisakatano, amakumono see List m. k.
26
Asuka no himemiko no Kinohe no araki no miya no toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Tobutorino 1 Asuka no kaha no kamitsu se ni iha-hashi watari shimotsu se ni 5 uchi-hashi watasu ihahashi ni ohi-nabikeru tamamo mo so tayureba ofuru 10 uchi-hashi ni ohi-wowoheru kahamo mo so karureba hayaru nani shi ka mo 15 waga ohokimi no tataseba tamamo no gotoku koro-fuseba kahamo no gotoku 20 nabikahishi yoroshiki kimi ga asa miya wo wasuretamafu ya yufu miya wo 25 somukitamafu ya utsusomi to omohishi toki ni haru he ha hana wori-kazashi 30 aki tateba momiji-ba kazashi shikitaheno sode tadzusahari kagaminasu 35 miredomo akani mochi-dzuki no iya medzurashimi omohoshishi kimi to tokidoki 40 idemashite asobitamahishi mikemukafu Kinohe no miya wo toko miya to 45 sadametamahite ajisahafu me koto mo tahenu soko wo shi mo aya ni kanashimi 50 nuyetori no katakohishitsutsu asatorino kayohasu kimi ga natsukusano 55 omohishi nayete yufudzudzuno ka yuki kaku yuki ohobuneno tayutafu mireba 60 nagusamuru kokoro mo arazu soko yuwe ni semusube shirani oto nomi wo 65 na nomi mo tayezu ame tsuchi no iya tohonagaku shinubi yukamu mi-na ni kakaseru 70 Asuka-gaha yorodzu yo made ni hashikiyoshi waga ohokimi no katami ni koko wo. 75
vv. 1-14 compare the Princess with the mo and hint at her death, the water-weeds will be renewed in due course, but she will not come back to life; 15 is best understood by being read in connexion with 24; 16-21 describe the grace of the Princess; 22-26 suggest the fault of the Prince which interrupted the relations of the pair; 27-42 describe the happiness of the pair during the Princess’ life; 43-60 picture the grief of the Prince at her loss, and 61 to end add the reflections of the poet.
The m. k. (1) applies to Asu[ka], of (43) to Ki[nohe], of (47) to me (taken as contraction of mure), of (55) to nayete.
For tobutorino, utsusomi, shikitaheno, kagaminasu, mikemukafu, ajisahafu, asatorino, natsukusano, yufudzudzuno, ohobuneno see List m. k.
27-28
Hitomaro ga me no mi-makarishi nochi kanashimi yomeru uta futatsu.
Amatobuya 1 Karu no michi ha wagimoko ga sato ni shi areba nemokoro ni 5 mimakuhoshikedo yamazu yukaba hito me wo ohomi maneku yukaba hito shirinubemi 10 sanekadzura nochi wo ahamu to ohobuneno omohi tanomite kagirohi no 15 ihakaki fuchi no komori nomi kohitsutsu aru ni wataru hi no kure yuku ga goto 20 teru tsuki no kumo kakuru goto okitsu mo no nabikishi imo ha momiji-ba no 25 sugite inishi to tamadzusano tsukahi no iheba adzusa-yumi oto nomi wo kikite 30 ihamu sube semusubeshirani oto nomi wo kikite ariyeneba waga kofuru 35 chihe no hitohe mo nagusamuru kokoro mo ari ya to wagimoko ga yamazu idemishi 40 Karu no ichi ni waga tachi-kikeba tamatasuki Unebi no yama ni nakutorino 45 kowe mo kikoye tamahokono michi yuku hito mo hitori dani niteshi yukaneba 50 sube wo nami imo-gara yobite sode so furitsutsu. Akiyama no 1 momiji wo shigemi madohaseru imo mo motomemu yama-ji shirazu mo. 5 Momiji-ba no 1 chirinuru nabe ni tamadzusano tsukahi wo mireba ahishi hi omohoyu. 5
1 ya = yo.
3 waga imoko.
6 miru koto wo hoshiku omohedo.
8 = hito me ga ohoki, wo often thus used with forms in mi.
9 tabitabi yukaba.
13, 14 A word-quibble may, possibly, be intended, omohi omoki.
15, 16 These form a sort of m. k. of komori.
26 has passed away (died).
36 chihe no hitohe, one plait of a thousand plaits (or layers or parts) = one thousandth.
40 imo ga kimi wo yamazu idemishi Kami, &c.
51 sube wo nami, cp. 8, hito me wo ohomi.
2 (second hanka) nabe has force of together with, upon.
For amatobuya, sanekadzura, ohobuneno, tamadzusano, tamatasuki, nakutorino, tamahokono see List m. k.
28
Utsusemi to 1 omohishi toki ni tadzusahete aga futari mishi washiri-de no 5 tsutsumi ni tateru tsuki no ki no kochi-gochi no ye no haru no ha no shigeki ga gotoku 10 omoherishi imo ni ha aredo tanomerishi kora ni ha aredo yo no naka wo 15 somukishi yeneba kagirohino moyuru ara-nu ni shirotahe no amahire kakuri 20 tori zhi mono asa tachi-i-mashite irihinasu kakuri ni shikaba wagimoko ga 25 katami ni okeru wakaki ko no kohi-naku goto ni tori atafu mono shi nakereba 30 wotoko mono zhi waki hasami mochi wagimoko to futari aga neshi makuradzuku 35 tsumaya no uchi ni hiru ha mo urasabi kurashi yoru ha mo iki-dzuki akashi 40 nagekedomo semu subeshirami kofuredomo afu yoshi wo nami ohotori no 45 Hakahi no yama ni aga kofuru imo ha imasu to hito no iheba ihane sakumite 50 nadzumi koshi yokeku mo so naki utsusemi to omohishi imo ga kagirohino 55 honoka no dani mo miyenu omoheba. Kozo miteshi 1 aki no tsukuyo ha teraseredo ahimishi imo ha iya toshi sakaru. 5 Ihe ni kite 1 tsumaya wo mireba tamatokono to ni mukahikeri imo ga ko-makura. 5
vv. 1-11 are introductory to imo; 12-16 declare impossibility of escaping the fate of all mankind; 17-20 refer to the funeral of the imo; 21-24 to her burial; 25-32 to the father’s endeavour to comfort the child; 33-42 to the desolation of his home; 43 to end to the ascent of the hill of interment in the vain hope of seeing her spirit.
2 omohishi, here, as often, is little more than narishi.
22 i-mashite, i is here merely a prefix.
30 shi is an emphatic particle.
31 zhi = nasu (so in 21).
34 A past of neru.
42 A common phrase = shikata ga nai.
52 = yoki, koto naki.
55 Note the application of the m. k. to ho(noka). Read the latter verses as honoka ni sahe mo imo ga miyenu wo omoheba kurushiku hatarakite koshi kahi mo naku yoki koto so naki.
5 Written wooden (ko) pillow—I venture to read it as (ko) little pillow.
For utsusemi, kagirohino, shirotaheno, irihinasu, makuradzuku, ohotorino, tamahokono see List m. k.
29
Shinatsu no unebe ga mi-makareru toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Akiyama no 1 shitaberu imo nayotakeno towoyoru kora ha ikasama ni 5 omohimase ka takunahano nagaki inochi wo tsuyu koso ha ashita ni okite 10 yufube ha kenu to ihe kiri koso ha yufube ni tachite ashita ha 15 usu to ihe adzusayumi oto kiku are mo oho ni mishi koto kuyashiki wo 20 shikitaheno ta-makura makite tsurugitachi mi ni sohenekemu wakakusano 25 sono tsuma no ko ha sabushimi ka omohite nuramu kuyashimi ka omohikofuramu 30 toki narazu suginishi kora ga asa tsuyu no goto yufu giri no goto. Sasanamino 1 Shigatsu no kora ga makari nishi kaha se no michi wo mireba sabushi mo. 5
vv. 1-6 introduction; 7-16 impermanence of life; 17-20 regret of poet at news of death (hinted at rather than directly stated) of the uneme; 21 to end climatic lament over an untimely death.
2 shitaberu = wilt, wither, droop; akiyama no shitaberu imo, drooping as the flaccid leafage in autumn on the hills: but see translation.
1, 2 and 3, 4 are parallelisms reminding one of Hebrew and Chinese poetry, there are several other examples in this uta.
4 kora seems to be a plural form of honour.
8 The wo at the end, which has a stray look, may be understood here (as often elsewhere in the Anthology) by supplying omoheba or some form of the verb omofu. The various ha in this uta exemplify the effect of the particle as suggesting a predicate of the isolated word or expression.
18 The news has come to me who only slightly knew her by sight yet am full of regret.…
22 making mutually pillows of each other’s arms.
26 tsuma = otto; ko is honour-title.
31 toki narazu, untimely.
1 Sasanami involves the homophonous m. k. sasanami.
3 (hanka I) makari nishi = makari-inishi, gone away, died.
For nayotakeno, takunahano, adzusayumi, shikitaheno, tsurugitachi, wakakusano see List m. k.
30
Sanuki no [kuni] ni Samine no shima nite isobe no shinihito wo mite Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Tamamoyoshi 1 Sanuki no kuni ha kuni kara ka miredomo akanu kami kara ka 5 kokoda tafutoki ame tsuchi hi tsuki to tomo ni tari-yukamu kami no mi omo to 10 ihi tsugeru Naka no minato yu fune ukete aga kogi kureba tokitsu kaze 15 kumowi ni fuku ni oki mireba shiki nami tachi he mireba shiranami sawaku 20 isanatori umi wo kashikomi yukufune no kaji hiki orite wochikochi no 25 shima ha ohokedo naguhashi Samine no shima no ariso mi ni ihorite mireba 30 nami no ’to no shigeki hama he wo shikitaheno makura ni nashite aratoko ni 35 korofusu kimi ga ihe shiraba yukite mo tsugemu tsuma shiraba ki mo tohamashi wo 40 tamahokono michi dani shirazu ohohoshiku machi ka kofuramu hashiki tsumara ha. 45 Tsuma mo araba 1 tsumite tagemashi Samine yama nu no he no uhagi suginikerazuya! 5 Okitsu nami 1 ki-yoru ariso wo shikitaheno makura to makite naseru kimi kamo! 5
vv. 3, 5 kara must be so read, not gara—it is perhaps a form of nagara.
9 tari-yukamu, be perfect; read this line after next.
11 Read with Naka.
15 lit. time-wind or seasonable or fair wind, but probably also seaward and landward winds more or less accompanying morning and evening tides.
24 hiki-ori = draw-break, i.e. by moving the steering oar right or left break the straight course of the vessel.
30 ihori, iho-wori.
31 ’to for oto.
40 may be read as = kimashi mo taha-mashi (koto wo omohite).
43 gloomily, wretchedly.
45 Plural of tsuma (used as honour-plural?).
2 tagemashi = tabe mashi, goes with uhagi.
5 Equivalent to sugi nikeri, affirmatively.
5 naseru is read assumptively with kimi.
For tamamoyoshi, isanatori, shikitaheno, tamahokono see List m. k.
Nara no miya ni [amenoshita] shiroshimeshishi Sumera mikoto no mi-yo.
31
Riyauki hazhime no toshi ki no to no u nagatsuki Shiki no miko no sugimaseru toki yomeru uta hitotsu.
Adzusayumi 1 te ni tori-mochite masurawo ga satsu-ya da-hasami tachimukafu 5 Takamado yama ni haru nu yaku nu hi to miru made moyuru hi wo ika ni to to eba 10 tamahokono michi kuru hito no naku namida hisame ni fureba shirotaheno 15 koromo hidzuchite tachi-tomari are ni kataraku nani shi ka mo motona iheru 20 kikeba ne nomi shi nakayu katareba kokoro so itami Sumerogi no 25 kami no miko no idemashi no ta-hi no hikari so kokoda teritaru.
10 toheba, subject is are of 18.
18 kataraku, subject is hito of 12; so of katareba 23.
20 iheru refers to toheba of 10.
For adzusayumi, tamahokono, shirotaheno see List m. k.
Maki III Kami
Kusagusa no uta.
32
Naga no miko no Kariji nu ni mikari shitamaheru toki Hitomaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru waga hi no miko no uma namete 5 mi kari tataseru wakakomo no Kariji no wo-nu ni shishi koso ha i-hahi worogame 10 udzura koso i-hahi motohori shishi zhi mono i-hahi worogame udzura nasu 15 i-hahi motohori kashikomi to tsukahematsurite hisakata no ame miru gotoku 20 masokagami afugite miredo haru kusa no iya medzurashiki waga ohokimi ka mo. 25 Hisakata no 1 ame yuku tsuki no tsuna ni sashi waga ohokimi ha kinugasa ni seri. 5
7 A m. k. applied to Kari[ji] as = kari, mow, reap.
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, wakakomono, hisakatano, masokagami see List m. k.
33
Kamo no Kimitari-hito ga Kaguyama no uta hitotsu.
Amoritsuku 1 Ame no kaguyama kasumitatsu haru ni itareba matsu kaze ni 5 ike nami tachite sakura hana ko no kure shigemi okibe ni ha kamo tsuma yobahi 10 hetsu he ni aji mura sawaki momoshiki ohomiya hito no makari-dete 15 asobu fune ni ha kaji sawo mo nakute sabushi mo kogu hito nashi ni. Hito kogazu 1 araku mo shirushi kadzuki suru woshi to takabe to fune no he ni sumu. 5 Itsu ma mo 1 kami sabigeru ka Kagu yama no hokosugi nomoto ni koke musu made ni. 5
11 he seems here to be simply apocopated uhe.
2 araku is verbal subst. of aru.
For amoritsuku, kasumitatsu, momoshiki see List m. k.
34
Hitomaro ga Nihitabe no miko ni tatematsureru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi takahikaru hi no miko shikimasu 5 ohotono no he ni hisakatano amadzutahikeru yuki zhi mono yuki kayohitsutsu 10 iya shiki imase! Yatsuri yama 1 ko-tachi mo miyezu furi-midasu yuki ni sawakite mawiraku yoshi mo. 5
9 Here yuki is ‘snow,’ as in 4; in 10 it is ‘go, come.’
For yasumishishi, takahikaru, hisakatano see List m. k.
35
Yayohi bakari Yoshinu no totsu-miya ni idemaseru toki naka no mono-mawosu tsukasa Ohotomo no mahetsukimi (Ohotomo no kiyau) mikotonori wo uketamaharite yomitamaheru uta hitotsu.
Mi Yoshinu no 1 Yoshinu no miya ha yama kara shi tafutoku arashi kaha kara shi 5 sayakeku arashi ame tsuchi to nagaku hisashiku yorodzu yo ni kaharadzu aramu 10 idemashi no miya! Mukashi mishi 1 Kisa no wo-gaha wo ima mireba iyo-iyo sayakeku nari nikeru ka mo! 5
5 kara, cp. nagara; also kare, reason, cause.
6 arashi = arurashi.
36
Yamabe no Sukune Akahito ga Fujinoyama wo mite [yomeru] uta hitotsu.
Ame tsuchi no 1 wakareshi toki yu kamusabite takaku tafutoki Suruga naru 5 Fugi no takane wo ama no hara furisake mireba wataru hi no kage mo kakurohi 10 teru tsuki no hikari mo miyezu shirakumo mo i-yuki habakari tokizhiku 15 yuki ha furikeru katari-tsugi ihi-tsugi yukamu Fuji no takane ha! Tago no ura yu 1 uchi-dete mireba ma-shiroku so Fuji no takane ni yuki ha furikeru! 5
37
Fuji no yama wo yomeru uta hitotsu.
Namayomino 1 Kahi no kuni uchi-yosuru Suruga no kuni to kochigochi ni 5 kuni no mi naka yu ide-tateru Fuji no takane ha amakumono i-yuki habakari 10 tobutori mo tobi mo nobarazu moyuru hi wo yuki mochi-kechi furu yuki wo 15 hi mochi-kechitsutsu ihi mo kane nadzuke mo shirani kusushiku mo imasu kami ka mo 20 Se no umi to nadzukete aru mo sono yama no tsutsumeru umi so Fuji kaha to 25 hito no wataru mo sono yama no midzu no tagichi so Hinomoto no Yamato no kuni no 30 shidzume to mo imasu kami ka mo takara to mo nareru yama ka mo Suruga naru 35 Fuji no takane ha miredo akanu ka mo. Fuji no ne ni 1 furi-okeru yuki ha minadzuki no mochi ni kenureba sono yo furikeri. 5
18 lit. one can give no adequate name to Fuji.
21 Read with 24.
For namayomino, amakumono see List m. k.
38
Akahito ga Iyo no yu ni yukite yomeru uta hitotsu.
Sumerogi no 1 Kami no mikoto no shikimasu kuni no kotogoto yu ha shi mo 5 saha ni aredomo shima yama no yoroshiki kuni to kogoshi ka mo Iyo no takane no 10 Izaniha no woka ni tatashite uta omohi koto omohashishi mi yu no he no 15 ko-mura wo mireba Omi no ki mo ohi-tsugi ni keri naku tori no kowe mo kaharazu 20 tohoki yo ni kamusabi yukamu idemashi tokoro.
1-14 refer to Uhe no miya (Shôtoku Taishi).
4 All the provinces or lands.
9 kogoshi applies to Iyo no takane.
39
Kamiwoka ni noborite Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Mimoro no 1 Kaminabi yama ni iho ye sashi shizhi ni ohitaru tsuganokino 5 iya tsugitsugi ni tamakadzura tayuru koto naku aritsutsu mo yamazu kayohamu 10 Asuka no furuki miyako ha yama takami kaha tohoshiroshi haru no hi ha 15 yama shi migahoshi aki no yo ha kaha shi sayakeshi asa-kumo ni tadzu ha midare 20 yufu-giri ni kahadzu ha sawaku miru goto ni ne nomi shi nakayu inishihe omoheba. 25 Asuka-gaha 1 kaha yodo sarazu tatsukirino omohi-sugubeki kohi ni aranaku ni. 5
1-10 are introductory to Asuka no furuki miyako.
13-22 describe the miyako.
23-25 express the poet’s regret.
1-3 are introductory to 4.
5 lit. there is no kohi (affection) from which may be chased thoughts (of the past).
For tsuganokino, tamakadzura, tatsukirino see List m. k.
Maki III, Naka
40
Tsunuga no tsu nite fune ni noreru toki Kasa no Asomi Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Koshi no umi no 1 Tsunuga no hama yu ohobune ni ma kaji nuki-oroshi isanatori 5 umiji ni idete abekitsutsu waga kogi-yukeba masurawono Tayuhi ga ura ni 10 ama wotome shiho yaku keburi kusamakura tabi nishi areba hitori shite 15 miru shiru shi nami watatsumi no te ni makashitaru tamatasuki kakete shinubitsu 20 Yamato shima-ne wo.
12 After keburi supply areba.
16 nami is nashi, not—miru-(koto) shiru (koto) shi nashi. Another reading, however, is possible.
17-19 are introductory to kakete (20), as the arm-bands are set to the arms of the sea-god (or arm-bands to those who serve the god?), to my heart is set regret for Yamato. The m. k. (9) applies to Ta(yuhi); 17, 18 are epithetical of tama, part of the m. k. tamatasuki applied to kakete (20).
21 shimane is a designation of Yamato.
For isanatori, masurawono, kusamakura, and tamatasuki see List m. k.
41
Akahito ga Kasuga nu ni noborite yomeru uta hitotsu.
Haruhiwo 1 Kasuka no yama no takakurano Mikasa no yama ni asa sarazu 5 kumowi tanabiku kaho tori no ma naku shiba naku kumowinasu kokoro isayohi 10 sono tori no kata-kohi nomi ni hiru ha mo hi no kotogoto yoru ha mo 15 yo no kotogoto tachite wite omohi so aga suru ahanu ko yuwe ni.
1 See N. i. 402, the second lay. Perhaps wo should be, as there, no.
5 not missing a morning.
17 standing or lying down, i.e. continually. The m. k. (3) applies to Mi[kasa] taken as mi, person.
For haruhiwo, takakurano, kumowinasu see List m. k.
42
Ohotomo no Sakanohe no Iratsume ga kami matsuri no uta hitotsu.
Hisakatano 1 ama no hara yori are koshi kami no mikoto okuyama no 5 sakaki no yeda ni shiraga tsuku yufu tori-tsukete ihahi-he wo ihahi hori suwe 10 takatama wo shizhi ni nukitari shishi zhi mono hiza ori-fuse tawayame no 15 osuhi tori-kake kaku dani mo are ha kohinamu kimi ni ahanu ka mo.
3 are, arahare, koshi past of ki(kuru).
6 Cleyera japonica.
7 shiraga (shirage) might mean white, or pure tresses.
18 are, ware.
For hisakata see List m. k.
43
Tsukubane ni noborite Tajihi no Mabito Kunihito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Tori ga naku 1 Adzuma no kuni ni takayama ha saha ni aredomo Futakami no 5 tafutoki yama no nami-tachi no migahoshi yama to kami-yo yori hito no ihi-tsugi 10 kuni-mi suru Tsukuba no yama wo fuyukomori haru sari-kuredo shira-yuki no 15 tokizhiku toki to mizute yukaba mashite kohishimi yuki-ke suru yama michi sura wo 20 nadzumi are koshi.
1-11 are introductory to 12, after wo supply omohite or omoheba.
7 double-peaked.
14, 15 are interpolations of Keichiu.
16 Explained by Kogi as = toki naranu toki tote—the snow is lasting later than usual down to the second month where the ascent is made.
For toriganaku, fuyukomori see List m. k.
44
Tabi no uta hitotsu.
Watatsumi ha 1 ayashiki mono ka Ahaji shima naka ni tate-okite shiranami no 5 Iyo ni motohoshi wimachitsuki Akashi no to yu ha yufu sareba shiho ni mitashime 10 ake sareba shiho wo hishimu shiwo sawi no nami wo kashikomi Ahaji shima 15 iso-gakuri-wite itsushika mo kono yo no akemu to samorafu ni i no ne kateneba 20 Tagi no he no Asanu no kigishi akenu to shi tachi-toyomurashi iza kodomo 25 ahete kogidemu niha mo shidzukeshi. Shima-dzutahi 1 Minume no saki wo kogi-tameba Yamato kohoshiku tadzu saha ni naku. 5
7 See notes translation.
13 shiho-sawi, shiho-saki, flood-tide.
19 samorafu (saburafu) here means haberu.
22 kigishi [ha yo] akenu (past of akuru).
4 kohoshiku, kohishiku.
5 saha ni, in flocks or flights, numerous.
For wimachitsuki see List m. k.
Maki III, Shimo
Kanashimi uta.
45
Ihata no Ohokimi usetamaheru toki Nifu no Ohokimi no yomitamaheru uta hitotsu.
Nayutakeno 1 towoyoru miko sanidzurafu waga ohokimi ha komorikuno 5 Hatsuse no yama ni kamusabite itsuki imasu to tamadzusano hito so ihitsuru 10 oyodzure ka waga kikitsuru tahagoto ka waga kikitsuru mo ame tsuchi ni 15 kuyashiki koto no yo no naka no kuyashiki koto ha amakumono sokuhe no kihami 20 ame tsuchi no itareru made ni tsuwe tsuki mo tsukazu mo yukite yufuke tohi 25 ishi-ura mochite waga yado ni mi moro wo tatete makura he ni ihahihe wo suwe 30 takatama wo shizhi ni nukitari yufu tasuki kahina ni kakete ame naru 35 Sasara no wo-nu no ihahi suge te ni tori-mochite hisakatano ame no kahara ni 40 ide-tatete misogite mashi wo Takayama no ihaho no uhe ni imasetsuru ka mo! 45 Oyodzure no 1 tahagoto to ka mo Takayama no Ihaho no uhe ni kimi ga koyaseru. 5 Isonokami 1 Furu no yama naru sugimura no omohi sugubeku kimi ni aranaku ni. 5
1 oyodzure and tahagoto seem nearly synonymous, the former rather ‘false’, the latter ‘vain’ news.
For nayutakeno, sanidzurafu, komorikuno, tamadzusano, amakumono, hisakatano, Isonokami see List m. k.
46
Oyazhi [Ihata no Ohokimi use-tamaheru] toki Yamakuma no Ohokimi kanashimi yomimaseru uta hitotsu.
Tsunusahafu 1 Ihare no michi wo asa sarazu yukikemu hito no omohitsutsu 5 kayohikemaku ha hototogisu ki naku sa-tsuki ha ayame-gusa hana tachibana wo 10 tama ni nuki kadzura ni semu to naga tsuki no shigure no toki ha momichi ba wo 15 ori-kazasamu to hafukudzuno iya toho-nagaku yorodzu yo ni tayezhi to omohite 20 kayohikemu kimi wo asu yo ha yoso ni ka mo mimu.
[In dai] oyazhi = onazhi.
4 hito is Ihata.
6 The subject is the poet.
For tsunusahafu (m. k. of iha in Ihare) hafukudzuno see List m. k.
47
Katsushika no Mama wotome ga haka wo tohoreru toki Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Inishihe ni 1 arikemu hito no shidzuhata no obi toki-kahete fuseya tate 5 tsuma-dohi shikemu katsushika no Mama no tekona ga okutsuki wo koko to ha kikedo 10 maki no ha ya shigemitaruramu matsuganeno tohoku hisashiki koto nomi mo 15 na nomi mo ware ha wasuraye naku ni. Katsushika no 1 Mama no iriye ni uchi nabiku tamamo karikemu tekona shi omohoyu. 5
2 hito = a suitor.
5 The translation is based on the Kogi explanation.
For matsuganeno see List m. k.
48
Temuhiyau (Tempyô) hazhime no toshi tsuchi no to mi Tsu no kuni no Agachi-da no Fumihito Hasetsukabe no Tatsumaro ga wanakishi toki matsurigoto hito (Hanguwan) Ohotomo no Sukune Minaka ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Amakumono 1 muka-fusu kuni no masurawo to ihayeshi hito ha Sumerogi no 5 kami no mikado ni to no he ni tachi-samorahi uchi no he ni tsukahe matsuri 10 tamakadzura iya toho-nagaku oya no na mo tsugi-yuku mono to omo chichi ni 15 tsuma ni kodomo ni katarahite tachi nishi hi yori tarachineno haha no mikoto ha 20 ihahi-he wo mahe ni suwe-okite hito te ni ha yufu tori-mochi hito te ni ha 25 nikitahe matsuri tahirakeku masakiku mase to ame tsuchi no kami ni kohi nomi 30 ikani aramu toshi tsuki hi ni ka tsutsuzhihana nihoheru kimi ga nihodorino 35 nadzusahi komu to tachite wite machikemu hito ha ohokimino mikoto kashikomi 40 oshiteru Naniha no kuni ni aratamano toshi furu made ni shirotahe no 45 koromode hosazu asa yohi ni aritsuru kimi ha ikasama ni omohi-mase ka 50 utsusemino woshiki kono yo wo tsuyushimono okite inikemu toki-narazu shite! 55 Kinofu koso 1 kimi ha arishi ka omohanu ni hama-matsu no he no kumo ni tanabiku. 5
4 hito = Tatsumaro.
7 to, soto.
28 mase, koso mase.
38 hito, household of Tatsumaro.
48 aritsuru, goes on or went on being.
50 = omohimaseba.
51 m. k. of yo.
52 m. k. of okite.
For amakumono, tamakadzura, tarachineno, tsutsuzhihana, nihodorino, ohokimino, oshiteru, aratamano, shirotaheno, tsuyushimono see List m. k.
49
[Temuhiyau (Tempyô)] nana tose to ifu toshi kinoto no wi Ohotomo no Sakanohe no Iratsume ga ama no Riguwamu (Rigwan) no mi-makareru wo kanashimi yomeru uta hitotsu.
Takutsunu no 1 Shiraki no kuni yu hito goto wo yoshi to kikashite tohi-sakuru 5 ugara haragara naki kuni ni watari-kimashite ohokimi no shikimasu kuni ni 10 uchihisasu Miyako shimimi ni sato ihe ha saha ni aredomo ikasama ni 15 omohikeme ka mo tsure mo naki Saho no yama he ni nakukonasu shitahi kimashite 20 shikitaheno ihe wo mo tsukuri aratamano toshi no wo nagaku sumahitsutsu 25 imashishi mono wo umarureba shinu chifu koto ni nogaroyenu mono ni shi areba 30 tanomarishi hito no kotogoto kusamakura tabi naru hodoni Saho kaha wo 35 asa kaha watari Kasuga nu wo so-gahi ni mitsutsu ashihikino yamabe wo sashite 40 kura-yami to kakuri mashinure ihamu sube semusubeshirani tamotohori 45 tada hitori shite shirotaheno koromo-de hosazu nagekitsutsu aga naku namida 50 Arima yama kumo wi tanabiku ame ni furiki ya!
5 Converse, utter, talk with.
8 The subject is Rigwan, also of verbs in 25, 26.
26 After mono supply omohite or omoheba.
34 hodoni = whilst.
36 sqq. The subject of the verbs is the party of mourners who accompany the corpse of Rigwan.
44 Subject of tamotohori (go up and down, to and fro) is Sakanohe.
For takutsunu, uchihisasu, nakukonasu, shikitaheno, aratamano, kusamakura, ashihikino see List m. k.
50
Mata Yakamochi ga yomeru uta hitotsu mata mizhika uta.
Waga yado ni 1 hana so sakitaru so wo miredo kokoro mo yukazu hashikiyashi 5 imo ga ariseba mikamonasu futari narabi-wi taworite mo misemashi mono wo 10 utsusemino kareru mi nareba tsuyushimono kesuru ga gotoku ashihikino 15 yamaji wo sashite irihinasu kakuri ni shikaba soko ’mofu ni mune koso itame 20 ihi mo kane nadzuke mo shirani atomonaki yo no naka nareba semu sube mo nashi. 25 Toki ha shimo 1 itsu mo aramu wo kokoro itaku i-yuku wagimo ka wakaki ko wo ’kite. 5 Ide-yukasu 1 michi shiramaseba arakazhime imo wo todomemu seki wo okamashi wo. 5 Imo ga mishi 1 yado ni hana saku toki ha henu aga naku namida imada hi naku ni. 5
3 so = sore.
10 Supply omohite (oheba).
4 i is prefix.
5 ’kite = okite.
1 Read mishi with hana.
For mikamonasu, utsusemino, tsuyushimono, ashihikino, irihinasu, atomonaki see List m. k.
51-52
(Oyazhi) to tose amari mu tose to ifu toshi kinoye saru kisaragi Asaka no miko no sugitamaheru toki uchi-toneri Ohotomo no Sukune Yakamochi yomeru uta mutsu.
Kakemaku mo aya ni kashikoshi ihamaku mo yuyushiki ka mo waga ohokimi 5 miko no mikoto yorodzu yo ni woshi-tamahamashi Oho-Yamato Kuni no miyako ha 10 uchinabiku haru sarinareba yama he ni ha hana-saki wowori kaha se ni ha 15 ayu-ko sa-hashiri iya hi ke ni sakayuru toki ni oyodzure no tawagoto to ka mo 20 shirotahe ni toneri yosohite Wadzuka yama mi koshi tatashite hisakatano 25 ame shirashinure koi-marobi hidzuchi nakedomo semu sube mo nashi. Waga ohokimi 1 ame shirasamu to omohaneba oho ni so mikeru Wadzuka soma yama. 5 Ashihikino 1 yama sahe hikari saku hana no chirinuru gotoki waga ohokimi ka mo. 5
24 koshi, coffin.
For uchinabiku, hisakatano, ashihikino see List m. k.
52
Kakemaku mo 1 aya ni kashikoshi waga ohokimi miko no mikoto mononofuno 5 yaso tomo no wo wo meshitsudohe adomohi-tamahi asa-kari ni shishi fumi-okoshi 10 yufu-kari ni tori fumi-tate oho mi ma no kuchi osahe-tome mi kokoro wo 15 meshi akirameshi Ikuji yama ko-dachi no shizhi ni saku hana mo utsurohi ni keri 20 yo no naka ha kaku nomi narashi masurawono kokoro furi-okoshi tsurugitachi 25 koshi ni tori-haki adzusayumi yuki tori-ohite ame tsuchi to iya tohonaga ni 30 yorodzu yo ni kaku shi mo ka mo to tanomerishi Miko no Mikado no sabahenasu 35 sawaku toneri ha shirotahe ni koromo tori-kite tsune narishi wemahi furumahi 40 iya hi ke ni kaharafu mireba kanashiki ro ka mo.
For mononofuno, masurawono, tsurugitachi, sabahenasu, shirotaheni (equiv. shirotaheno) see List m. k.
53
Usetaru me wo kanashimi Takahashi no Asomi ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Shirotaheno 1 sode sashi-kahete nabiki-neshi waga kurokami no ma-shiraga ni 5 kaharamu kihami arata yo ni tomo ni aramu to tamanowono tayezhi i-imo to 10 musubiteshi koto ha hatasazu omoherishi kokoro ha togedzu shirotaheno 15 tamoto wo wakare nikibi ni shi ihe yu mo idete midori-ko no naku wo mo okite 20 asa-kiri no oho ni naritsutsu Yamashiro no Sagaraka yama no yama no ma yu 25 yuki-suginureba ihamu sube semusubeshirani wagimoko to sa-neshi tsuma-ya ni 30 asa niha ni ide-tachi shinubi yufube ni ha iri-wi nagekahi waki-hasamu 35 ko no naku goto ni wotoko-zhi mono ohi-mi udaki-mi asatorino ne nomi naki-tsutsu 40 kofuredomo shirushi wo nami to koto tohanu mono ni ha aredo wagimoko ga 45 iri ni shi yama wo yosuka to so ’mofu.
47 yosuka is better than yosuga.
For shirotaheno, tamanowono see List m. k.
Maki IV, Kami
Shitashimi uta.
54
Wokamoto no Sumera mikoto no mi-yomimaseru [ohomi] uta hitotsu.
Kami-yo yori 1 are tsugitareba hito saha ni kuni ni ha michite ajimurano 5 sawaki ha yukedo aga kofuru kimi nishi araneba hiru ha hi no kururu made 10 yoru ha yo no akuru kihami omohitsutsu ine kate ni nomi akashitsuraku mo 15 nagaki kono yo wo Yama no ha ni 1 ajimura sawaki yuku naredo are ha sabushi we kimi ni shi araneba. 5 Afumi-ji no 1 Toko no yama naru Isaya kaha ke no kono goro ha kohitsutsu mo aramu. 5
2 are = arahare.
15 akashitsuru.
4 we, an exclamation of pain or regret.
For ajimurano see List m. k.
55
Tajihi no Mabito Kasamaro ga Tsukushi no kuni ni kudaru toki yomeru uta hitotsu.
Omi no me no 1 kushige ni itsuku kagaminasu Mitsu no hamabe ni sanidzurafu 5 himo toki-sakezu wagimoko ni kohitsutsu woreba ake-gure no asa-kiri kakuri 10 nakutadzuno ne nomi shi nakayu aga kofuru chihe no hitohe mo nagusamuru 15 kohoro mo are ya to ihe no atari aga tachi-mireba awohatano Kadzura-ki yama ni 20 tanabikeru shira-kumo kakuri amazakaru hina no kuni-he ni tada-mukafu 25 Ahaji wo sugi Ahashima wo sogahi ni mitsutsu asa nagi ni kako no kowe yobi 30 yufu nagi ni kaji no ’to shitsutsu nami no he wo i-yuki sa-gukumi iha no ma wo 35 i-yuki motohori Inabitsuma ura mi wo sugite tori zhi mono nadzusahi yukeba 40 Ihe no shima ariso no uhe ni uchi-nabiki shizhi ni ohitaru nanori-so no 45 nado ka mo imo ni norazu ki ni kemu. Shirotahe no 1 sode toki-kahete kaheri-komu tsuki hi wo yomite yukite komashi wo. 5
1-3 are introductory to mi (Mitsu).
45 nanori-so involves a word-play with norazu (47).
For kagaminasu, sanidzurafu, nakutadzuno, awohatano, amazakaru, shirotahe see List m. k.
56
Aki no Obokimi no uta hitotsu.
Toho-dzuma no 1 koko ni araneba tamahokono michi wo tadohomi omofu sora 5 yasukaranaku ni nageku sora yasukaranu mono wo mi-sora yuku kumo ni mo ga mo 10 takatobu tori ni mo ga mo asu yukite imo ni kototohi aga tame ni 15 imo mo kotonaku imo ga tame are mo kotonaku ima mo mishi goto taguhite mo ga mo. 20
5-7 sora, metaphorical for state, condition.
9 sora, atmosphere, what exists between heaven and earth.
19 ima = tadaima (nuper).
20 mo ga mo = mo gana?
For tamahokono see List m. k.
57
Zhimuki (Jinki) hazhime no toshi kinoye ne kaminadzuki Ki no kuni ni idemaseru toki mi-tomo no hito ni okuramu tame wotome ni atsuraherayete Kasa no Asomi Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Ohokimi no 1 idemashi no ma ni mononofuno yaso tomo no wo to ide-yukishi 5 utsukushi tsuma ha amatobuya Karu no michi yori tamatasuki Unebi wo mitsutsu 10 asamoyoshi Ki-ji ni iritachi Matsuchi yama koyuramu kimi ha momiji-ba no 15 chiri-tobu mitsutsu shitashikeku a wo ba omohazu kusamakura tabi wo yoroshi to 20 omohitsutsu kimi ha aramu to asoso ni ha katsu ha shiredomo shikasu ga ni 25 moda mo ye araneba aga ’seko ga yuki no ma ni ma ni ohamu to ha chi tabi omohedomo 30 tawayame no aga mi ni shi areba michi-mori no tohamu kotahe wo ihi-yaramu 35 sube wo shirani to tachite tsumadzuku!
12 Ki-ji = Kii no michi.
17, 18 Read a wo ba shitashikeku omohazu.
23 asoso or azoso = usu-usu = wadzukani—asoso ni ha shire … katsu ha … but the text here appears corrupt.
For mononofuno, amatobuya, tamatasuki, asamoyoshi, kusamakura see List m. k.
58
Futatose to ifu toshi (Zhimuki = Jinki) kinoto no ushi yayohi Mika no hara no totsumiya idemaseru toki wotome wo yete Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Mika no hara 1 tabi no yadori ni tamahokono michi no yukiahi ni amakumono 5 yoso nomi mitsutsu koto-tohamu yoshi no nakereba kokoro nomi muse-tsutsu aru ni 10 ame tsuchi no kami koto-yosete shikitaheno koromo-de kahete ono tsuma to 15 tanomeru ko-yohi aki no yo no momo yo no nagaku arikosenu ka mo. Amakumo no 1 yoso ni mishi yori wagimoko ni kokoro mo mi sahe yori nishi mono wo. 5
12 kotoyoseru strictly means to pretend, but I take it as involving a committal (of the lover’s fortunes) to the gods.
19 ari koso ne (kibô no kotoba), Oh, that it might or may be so!
For tamahokono, amakumono, shikitaheno see List m. k.
59
Sakanohe no Iratsume ga urami no uta hitotsu.
Oshiteru 1 Naniha no suge no nemokoro ni kimi ga kikoshite toshi fukaku 5 nagaku shi iheba masokagami togishi kokoro wo yurushiteshi sono hi no kihami 10 nami no muta nabiku tamamo no ka ni kaku ni kokoro ha motazu ohobuneno 15 tanomeru toki ni chihayaburu kami ya sakekemu utsusemino hito ka safuramu 20 kayohashishi kimi mo kimasazu tamadzusano tsukahi mo miyezu narinureba 25 ita mo sube nami nubatamano yoru ha sugara ni akarabiku hi mo kururu made 30 nagekedomo shirushi wo nami omohedomo ta-dzuki wo shirani tawayame to 35 ihaku mo shiruku tawarahano ne nomi nakitsutsu tamotohori kimi ga tsukahi wo 40 machi ya kanetemu.
1, 2 Introductory to nemokoro.
4 kikoshite = notamahite.
12 This line serves as m. k. to the next.
13 swerving neither this nor that way.
29 akarabiku, the ra is of unknown value, perhaps = akarashiki wo hiku, lead in earliest dawn.
For oshiteru, masokagami, ohobuneno, chihayaburu, utsusemino, tamadzusano, nubatamano, akarabiku, tawarahano see List m. k.
Maki IV, Shimo
60
Sakanohe no Iratsume ga Tomi no todokoro yori ihe ni todomareru musume no Oho Iratsume ni okureru uta hitotsu mata mizhika uta.
Toko-yo ni to 1 aga yukanaku ni wo-kanato ni mono kanashirani omoherishi 5 aga ko no tozhi wo nubatamano yoru hiru to ihazu omofu nishi aga mi ha yasenu 10 nageku nishi sode sahe nurenu kaku bakari motona shi kohiba furu sato ni 15 kono tsuki-goro mo ari katemashi wo. Asakamino 1 omohi midarete kaku bakari nane ga kofure so ime ni miyekeru. 5
1 though ’tis not as though I went to the Eternal Land, yet on parting with thee at the door overcome with grief was I, &c.
14 as ’tis of no avail to love thee.
17 ari katemashi wo = ari-katai koto kana!
4 nane = nanzhi ane, a term of endearment and respect.
5 Read kofureba so nane ga &c.
For nubatamano, asakamino see List m. k.
Maki V, Kami
61
Kanashimi no Yamato-uta hitotsu.
Ohokimi no 1 toho no Mikado to shiranuhi Tsukushi no kuni ni nakukonasu 5 shitahi kimashite iki dani mo imada yasumezu toshi tsuki mo ikuda mo araneba 10 kokoro yu mo omohanu ahida ni uchi-nabiki koyashinure ihamu sube 15 semu sube shirani iha ki wo mo tohi-sake shirazu ihe naraba katachi ha aramu wo 20 urameshiki imo no mikoto no are wo ba mo ika ni seyo to ka nihotorino 25 futari narabi-wi katarahishi kokoro somukite ihe-zakari imasu.
For shiranuhi, nakukonasu, nihotorino see List m. k.
62
Madoheru kokoro wo kahesashimuru uta hitotsu mata mizhika uta.
Chichi haha wo 1 mireba tafutoshi me ko mireba megushi utsukushi nogaroyenu 5 haakara ukara nogaroyenu oimi itokemi tomo kaki mo koto-tohi kahasu 10 yo no naka ha kaku so kotowari mochitorino kakarahashi mo yo [haya kaha no 15 yuku he shiraneba] uke-gutsu wo nukitsuru gotoku fumi-nukite yuku chifu hito ha 20 iha ki yori nariteshi hito ka na ga na norasane ame he yukaba na ga ma ni ma ni 25 tsuchi nareba ohokimi imasu kono terasu hi tsuki no shita ha amakumono 30 mukafusu kihami taniguku no sa-wataru kihami kikoshiwosu kuni no mahora so 35 kani kaku ni hoshiki ma ni ma ni shika ni ha arazhi ka. Hisakatano 1 ama-ji ha tohoshi naho naho ni ihe ni kaherite nari wo shimasani. 5
5 Supply koto, must not be avoided or shirked.
6, 8, 9, 10 The relations indicated are meant.
15 A sort of proverb.
19 i.e. trampling on the ethical rules (of Confucianism).
22, 23 are heptasyllabic, they conclude the first part of the lay.
23 nanji ga na wo na-norasane.
25 na = nanji.
35 mahora, kuni no is an emphatic expression for kuni, land; mahora seems to mean mountain-secluded, central, or recessed portion of land.
5 nari, occupation, duty in life; shimasani = shimasane.
For mochitorino, amakumono, hisakatano see List m. k.
63
Kora wo shinubu uta hitotsu.
Urihameba 1 kodomo omohoyu kuri hameba mashite shinubayu idzuku yori 5 kitarishi mono manakahi ni motona kakarite yasu-i shi nasanu. shirokane mo 1 kugane mo tama mo nani semu ni masareru takara ko ni shikame ya mo. 5
7 manakahi = ma na kahi = me no ahida ni sono omokage no musamusa to kakarite.
64
Yo no naka no todomarigataki wo kanashimeru uta hitotsu mata mizhika uta.
Yo no naka no 1 sube naki mono ha toshi tsuki ha nagaruru gotoshi tori-tsudzuki 5 ohi-kuru mono ha momokusani seme-yori-kitaru wotomera ga wotome sabi su to 10 Kara tama wo tamoto ni makashi shirotaheno sode furi-kahashi kurenawino 15 aka mo susobiki yochi kora to te tadzusaharite asobikemu toki no sakari wo 20 todomi kane sugushi-yaretsure minanowata ka-guroki kami ni itsu no ma ka 25 shimo no furikemu ni no ho nasu omote no uhe ni idzuku yu ka 30 shiha kakitarishi masurawono wotoko sabi su to tsurugitachi koshi ni tori-haki 35 satsu yumi wo ta-nigiri mochite aka koma ni shitsu kura uchi-oki hahi-norite 40 asobi arukishi yo no naka ga tsune ni arikeru wotomera ga sa nasu itato wo 45 oshi-hiraki i-tadori yorite matamadeno tama-de sashikahe sa neshi yo no 50 ikuda mo araneba ta-tsukadzuwe koshi ni taganete kayukeba hito ni itohaye 55 kaku yukeba hito ni nikumaye oyoshiwo ha kaku nomi narishi tamakiharu 60 inochi woshikedo semu sube mo nashi. Tokihanasu 1 kaku shi mo ka mo omohedomo yo no koto nareba todomi-kanetsu mo. 5
8 seme.
10 sabi, shika buri, wont, wonted art or fashion.
14 furi-kahashi, flutter their sleeves together.
17 yochi, of like age.
22 pass away.
24 ka is intensitive prefix.
25 at some time or other.
27 ni no ho, ruddy-ear (of grain) like.
39 shitsu kura, saddle of patterned &c. Japanese stuff.
40 mount and ride.
45 close-shut wooden doors.
47 grope.
49 tama-de, fine arms.
52 hand-supporting-staff.
58 = oyoso.
1-8 this fleeting world.
9-31 passing character of woman’s charms.
32-62 impermanence of man’s strength and joys.
For momokusani, shirotaheno, kurenawino, minanowata, masurawono, matamadeno, tamakiharu, tokihanasu, see List m. k.
65
Yamanohe no Omi Okura ga Chinkwai-seki wo yomeru uta hitotsu.
Kakemaku ha 1 aya ni kashikoshi Tarashi hime kami no mikoto Karakuni wo 5 muke-tahiragete mi-kokoro wo shidzume-tamafu to i-torashite ihahi-tamahishi 10 ma-tama nasu futatsu no ishi wo yo no hito ni shimeshi-tamahite yorodzu yo ni 15 ihi-tsugu to gane watanosoko oki tsu no Fukaye no unakami no Kofu no hara ni 20 mi tetsukara okashi tamahite kamu nagara kamu sabi imasu kushi mitama 25 ima no otsutsu ni tafutoki ro ka mo!
16 gane = gani = yô.
17, 18 Epithetical of Fuka(ye).
19 umi no kami = umibe.
21 her own royal hand.
22 = oku.
25 kushi, wondrous; mitama, matama, right precious jewels, or right-soul.
27 ro, see grammar.
For watanosoko see List m. k.
Maki V, Shimo
66
Tsukushi no michi no kuchi (Chikuzen) no mikoto mochi no kami Yamanohe no Okura ga Kumagori ni kaharite sono kokorozashi wo noburu uta ni tsutsushimite nazorafuru uta mutsu mata zho.
Uchihisasu 1 Miya he noboru to tarachishino haha ga te hanare tsune shiranu 5 kuni no oku-ka wo momo he yama koyete sugi-yuki itsushikamo miyako wo mimu to 10 omohitsutsu katarahi woredo ono ga mi shi itahashikereba tamahokono 15 michi no kuma mi ni kusa ta-wori shiba tori-shikite toko-zhi mono uchi-koi-fushite 20 omohitsutsu nageki-fuseraku kuni ni araba chichi tori-mimashi ihe ni araba 25 haha tori-mimashi yo no naka ha kaku nomi narashi inu zhi mono michi ni fushite ya 30 inochi suginamu. Hito yo ni ha 1 futatabi miyenu chichi haha wo okite ya nagaku aga wakarenamu! 5
16 mi = mahari, or tract, vicinity.
For uchihisasu, tarachishino, tamahokono see List m. k.
67
Hinkiu mondou no uta.
Kaze mazhiri 1 ame furu yo no ame mazhiri yuki furu yo ha sube mo naku 5 samuku shi areba kata shiho wo tori-tsudzushirohi kasu-yu sake uchi-susurohite 10 shihabukahi hana bishi bishi ni shikato aranu hige kaki-nadete are wo okite 15 hito ha arazhi to hokorohedo samuku shi areba asa fusuma hiki kagafuri 20 nuno katakinu ari no kotogoto kisohedomo samuki yo sura wo ware yori mo 25 madzushiki hito no chichi haha ha uwe-samukaramu me kodomo ha kohite nakuramu 30 kono toki ha ika ni shitsutsu ka na ga yo ha wataru ametsuchi ha hiroshi to ihedo 35 aga tame ha saku ya narinuru hi-tsuki ha akashi to ihedo aga tame ha 40 teri ya tamahanu hito mina ka a nomi ya shikaru wakuraba ni hito to ha aru wo 45 hitonami ni are mo tsukuru wo wata mo naki nuno katakinu no miru no goto 50 wawake sagareru kakafu nomi kata ni uchi-kake fuse-iho no mage iho no uchi ni 55 hita tsuchi ni wara toki-shikite chichi haha ha makura no kata ni me kodomo ha 60 ato no kata ni kakumi-wite urehi samayohi kamado ni ha keburi fuki-tatezu 65 koshiki ni ha kumo no su kakite ihi-kashiku koto mo wasurete nuye tori no 70 nodo yobi woru ni itonokite mizhikaki monowo hashikiru to iheru ga goto ku 75 shimoto toru sato wosa ga kowe ha neya-do made ki tachi yobahinu kaku bakari 80 subenaki mono ka yo no naka no michi.
68
Yamanohe no Okura tonzhiu tsutsushimite tatematsuru [kô-kyo-kôrai] no uta hitotsu.
Kamiyo yori 1 ihitsutekeraku soramitsu Yamato no kuni ha sume kami no 5 itsukushiki kuni kototama no sakihafu kuni to katari-tsugi ihitsukahikeri 10 ima no yo no hito mo kotogoto me no mahe ni mitari shiritari hito saha ni 15 michite ha aredomo takahikaru hi no mikado kamu nagara mede no sakari ni 20 ame no shita mawoshi-tamahishi ihe no koto yerabi-tamahite ohomikoto 25 itadaki mochite Morokoshi no tohoki sakahi ni tsukahasare makari-imase 30 unahara no he ni mo oki ni mo kamu tsumari ushi-haki imasu moromoro no 35 ohomi kami-tachi funa no he ni michibiki mawoshi ametsuchi no ohomi kami-tachi 40 Yamato no ohokuni mitama hisakatano ama no mi sora yu ama kakeri 45 mi-watashi-tamahi koto wohari kaheramu hi ni ha mata sara ni ohomi kami-tachi 50 funa no he ni mi-te uchi kakete sumi-naha wo hahetaru gotoku [ajinosumu] 55 Chika no saki yori ohotomo no Mitsu no hamabi ni tada hate ni mi fune ha hatemu 60 tsutsumi naku sakiku imashite haya kaherimase!
7 the spirit or genius of language.
22 mawoshi, govern, administer.
23 Cp. the Spanish hidalgo.
34 ushi-haki (nushi-haki) = girt with dominion.
61 = tsutsuganaku, free from trouble or anxiety.
For soramitsu, takahikaru, hisakatano, ajinosumu see List m. k.
69
(Rōshin jiubyô) toshi wo hete kurushimi mata kora wo omofu uta itsutsu (nagauta hitotsu).
Tamakiharu 1 uchi no kagiri ha tahirakeku yasuku mo aramu wo koto mo naku 5 mo naku mo aramu wo yo no naka no ukeku tsurakeku itonokite itaki kidzu ni ha 10 karashiho wo sosogu chifu gotoku masumasu mo omoki umani ni uhani utsu to 15 ifu koto no goto oi nite aru aga mi no uhe ni yamahi wo ra kahahete shi areba 20 hiru ha mo nagekahi kurashi yoru ha mo ikidzuki akashi toshi nagaku 25 ya mishi watareba tsuki kasane urehi samayohi kotogoto ha shinana to ’mohedo 30 sabahenasu sawaku kodomo wo utsutete ha shini ha shirazu mitsutsu areba 35 kokoro ha moyenu ka ni kaku ni omohi-wadzurahi ne nomi shi nakayu!
5 mo here is mourning.
9 = itodoshiku.
19 ra, a separated plural affix (rare).
26 ya = yoru.
30 shinamu.
33 sutsuru.
For tamakiharu, sabahenasu see List m. k.
70
Furuhi wo kofuru uta mitsu (naga uta hitotsu mizhika-uta futatsu).
Yo no hito no 1 tafuto mi negafu nanakusa no takara mo areba nani semu ni 5 negahi-hori semu waga naka no umare idetaru shiratamano waga ko Furuhi ha 10 aka-hoshi no akuru ashita ha shikitaheno toko no be sarazu tateredomo 15 woredomo tomo ni kaki-nadete koto-tohi tahare yufu-dzudzu no yufube ni nareba 20 iza neyo to te wo tadzusahari chichi haha mo uhe ha na sakari sakikusano 25 naka ni wo nemu to uruhashiku shiga kataraheba itsushika mo hito to nari idete 30 ashikeku mo yokeku mo mimu to ohobuneno omohi-tanomu ni omohanu ni 35 yokoshima kaze no nihaka ni mo ohohi kitareba semu sube no tadoki wo shirani 40 shirotaheno tasuki wo kake maso-kagami te ni torimochite amatsukami 45 afugi kohi nomi kunitsukami fushite nukadzuki kakarazu mo kakari mo yoshiwe 50 ame tsuchi no kami no mani-mani to tachi-azari waga kohi-nomedo shimashiku mo 55 yokeku ha nashi ni yauyau ni katachi tsukuhori asanasana ifukoto yami 60 tamakiharu inochi tahenure tachi-wodori ashi suri sakebi fushi afugi 65 mune uchinageki te ni motaru aga ko tobashitsu yo no naka no michi.
48 nuka = hitai.
53 tachi-azari, wander about distractedly.
55 = shibashiku.
57 An old form of ya-ya.
65 to lie supine.
68 = tobitsu. Here read ’aga ko … michi wo tobashitsu.
vv. 1-10 are introductory to Furuhi—they form a pre-adjunct.
11-28 shiga—describes Furuhi’s manner—the words iza neyo … nemu being his; 28-34 the father’s hopes; 35-40 suggest the boy’s illness; 41-54 the prayers and despair of the father; 55-62 the gradual decline and death of Furuhi; 63 to end, the father’s grief at his loss.
This lay repays close study as an example of the language of the Manyôshiu.
For shiratamano, shikitaheno, sakikusano, ohobuneno, shirotaheno, tamakiharu see List m. k.
Maki VI, Kami
Kusagusa no uta.
71
Rauyau (Rôyô) nanatose to ifu toshi midzunoto wi satsuki Yoshinu no totsumiya ni idemaseru toki Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Tagi no he no 1 Mifune no yama ni midzu-ye sashi shizhi ni ohitaru tsuganokino 5 iya tsugitsugi ni yorodzu yo ni kaku shi shirasamu Mi-Yoshinu no Akidzu no miya ha 10 kami kara ka tafutokaruramu kuni kara ka migahoshikaramu yama kaha wo 15 atsumi-sayakemi ohomiya to ube shi kami-yo yu sadamekerashi mo. Yama takami 1 shira-yufu hana ni ochitagitsu tagi no kafuchi ha miredo akanu ka mo. 5
1-9 lead up to 10.
For tsuganokino, ochitagitsu see List m. k.
72
Kuramochi no Asomi Chitose ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Umakori 1 aya ni tomoshiki narukamino oto nomi kikishi Mi-Yoshinu no 5 maki tatsu yama yu mi-kudaseba kaha no se goto ni ake-kureba asa-giri tachi 10 yufu sareba kahadzu naku nari himo tokanu tabi ni shi areba a nomi shite 15 kiyoki kahara wo miraku shi woshi mo.
1 umakori = umaki ori, pretty-woven.
1-5 introductory to Yoshinu; 6-12 descriptive; 13 to end, the poet’s reflections.
For umakori, narukamino see List m. k.
73
Zhimuki (Jinki) hazhime toshi kinoye ne kaminadzuki itsuka no hi Ki no kuni ni idemaseru toki Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 wago ohokimi no totsu-miya to tsukahematsureru Sahika nu yu 5 so-gahi ni miyuru oki tsu shima kiyoki nagisa ni kaze fukeba shiranami sawaki 10 shiho hireba tamamo karitsutsu kami yo yori shika so tafutoki Tamatsushima yama. 15
74
(Jinki) futatose satsuki Yoshinu no totsu miya ni idemaseru toki Kasa no Asomi Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Ashihikino 1 mi yama mo saya ni ochi tagitsu Yoshinu no kaha no kaha no se no 5 kiyoki wo mireba kami-he ni ha chidori shiba-naki shimo-he ni ha kahadzu tsumayobu 10 momoshikino oho-miya hito mo wochi-kochi ni shizhi ni shi areba miru goto ni 15 aya ni tomoshimi tamakadzura tayuru koto naku yorodzu yo ni kaku shi mo ga mo to 20 ame-tsuchi no kami wo so inoru kashikokaredomo.
For ashihikino, momoshikino, tamakadzura see List m. k.
75
Yamabe no Sukune Akahito ga yomeru uta.
Yasumishishi 1 wago ohokimi no takashirasu Yoshinu no miya ha tatanadzuku 5 awo-kaki-gomori kaha nami no kiyoki Kafuchi so haru he ha hana saki wowori 10 aki sareba kiri tachi-wataru sono yama no iya masu-masu ni kono kaha no 15 tayuru koto naku momoshikino ohomiya hito ha tsune ni kayohamu.
For yasumishishi, tatanadzuku, momoshikino see List m. k.
76
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi ha Mi-Yoshinu no Akidzu no wo-nu no nu no he ni ha 5 tomi suwe-okite nu yama ni ha i-me tate-watashi asa-gari ni shishi fumi-okoshi 10 yufu-gari ni tori fumi-tate uma namete mi-kari so tatasu haru no shige nu ni. 15
77
[Jinki futatose] kaminadzuki Naniha no miya ni idemaseru toki Kanamura ga yomeru uta.
Oshiteru 1 Naniha no kuni ha ashikakino furinishi sato to hito mina no 5 omohi-yasumite tsure mo naku arishi ahida ni umiwonasu Nagara no miya ni 10 maki-hashira futo taka shikite wosu kuni wo wosame-tamaheba okitsutori 15 Ajifu no hara ni mononofuno yaso tomo no wo ha ihori shite miyako to nareri 20 tabi ni ha aredomo.
1-7 introductory to 8.
9-14 erection of country-palace.
15 to end, the yasotomono wo build their abodes round about the palace, and so a City-Royal is established.
For oshiteru, ashikakino, umiwonasu, okitsutori, mononofuno see List m. k.
78
Kuramochi no Asomi chitose ga yomeru uta.
Isanatori 1 hama he wo kiyomi uchi-nabiki ofuru tamamo ni asa-nagi ni 5 chihe nami yori yufu-nagi ni ihohe nami yoru oki tsu nami iya masu-masu ni 10 he tsu nami no iya shiku-shiku ni tsuki ni ke ni hihi ni migahoshi ima nomi ni 15 aki-darame ya mo shiranami no i-saki-motoheru Suminoye no hama.
16 aki-darame: aki is written ‘autumn’, but the homophon meaning ‘satiety’ is intended.
For isanatori see List m. k.
79
Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Ame tsuchi no 1 tohoki ga gotoku hi tsuki no nagaki ga gotoku oshiteru 5 Naniha no miya ni wago ohokimi kuni shirasurashi mi-ke tsu kuni hi-hi no mi-tsuki to 10 Ahaji no Nushima no ama no watanosoko okitsu ikuri ni ahabi tama 15 saha ni kadzuki-de fune namete tsukahematsuru ka tafutoshi mireba.
16 kadzuki (kami tsuku), dive.
19 Read mireba tafutoshi.
For oshiteru, watanosoko see List m. k.
80
[Jinki] mitose to ifu toshi hinoye tora nagatsuki towoka mari itsuka no hi Harima no kuni Inami-nu ni idemaseru toki Kanamura ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Nakisumi no 1 Funase yu miyuru Ahaji shima Matsuho no ura ni asanagi ni 5 tamamo karitsutsu yufunagi ni mo shiho-yakitsutsu ama wotome ari to ha kikedo 10 mi ni yukamu yoshi no nakereba masurawono kokoro ha nashi ni tawayame no 15 omohi-tawamite tamotohori are haso kofuru fune kaji wo nami.
For masurawono see List m. k.
81
Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu [migi ni onazhi miyuki no toki].
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no kamu nagara takashiraseru Inami-nu no 5 Oho-umi no hara no arataheno Fujiye no ura ni shibi tsuru to ama-bune sawaki 10 shiho-yaku to hito so saha naru ura wo yomi ube mo tsuri ha su hama wo yomi 15 ube mo shiho yaku ari-gayohi mesaku mo shirushi kiyoki shirahama. Inami-nu no 1 asaji oshi-nabe sanuru yo no ke nagashiku areba ihe shi shinubayu. 5
17-19 Read arigayohi mishitamafu mo ichishiruku kiyokute omoshiroki shirahama zo to nari.
3 sanuru = yadori suru.
4 ke = ki-he.
5 shinubayeru.
For yasumishishi, arataheno see List m. k.
82
Karani no shima wo suguru toki Akahito ga yomeru uta.
Umasahafu 1 imo ga mekarete shikitaheno makura mo akazu [makazu] kaniha maki 5 tsukureru fune ni ma kaji nuki aga kogi-kureba Ahaji no Nushima wo sugi 10 Inamitsuma Karani no shima no shima no ma yu wagihe wo mireba awoyama no 15 soko to mo miyezu shirakumo mo chihe ni narikinu kogi-tamuru ura no kotogoto 20 yuki-kakuru shima no saki-zaki kuma mo okazu omohi so aga kuru tabi no ke nagake! 25 Tamamokaru 1 Karani no shima ni shima mi suru u ni shi mo are ya ihe ’mohazaramu! 5
2 imo ga mekarete = me hanuru, the eye (features, i.e. person) being separated from me.
4 akazu probably should be makazu.
5 kaniha = kaba, birch.
7 nuki, place oars in position, on thole or between rowlocks.
11 Inamitsuma, of tsuma, the meaning is uncertain, perhaps tract or neighbourhood; tsuma, border.
19 tamuru, a weak form of tamotohoru.
22 cape after cape: see K. 80. 345, shima no sakizaki.
23 kuma mo okazu = kuma (sumi) mo ochizu, a not infrequent expression in the Manyôshiu.
24 omohite so aga kuru tabi ga ki-he nagashi.
25 ke = ki-he (kuru-henuru).
1, 2 karu kara, probably a designed jingle.
4, 5 would I were but a cormorant, then I should be free from homesickness.
As to the m. k. shikitahe and umasahafu: shikitahe, spread-cloth, seems originally to have meant a garment worn to sleep in, or a coverlet. It is applied to night, sleeping, night garments, pillows, &c.
Umasahafu is the reading preferred by the Kogi to that in the text, ajisahafu. Of neither can any certain explanation be given. On the whole I am inclined to prefer the one suggested of umasahafu under that word in the Kogi’s list of makura kotoba.—umashi-aha-fu, field of sweet millet; ahafu = millet-field in K. 143, n. 2, fu is perhaps an original form of hafu or hae. The ancient Japanese f (perhaps derived from a lost p) was something like the Highland ‘fwh’ in ‘fwhat’ of which the different elements were prominent in connexion with particular vowel sounds. As significant of numerousness, it is applied to mure (flock, crowd) contracted into me (to which through a homophon meaning ‘woman’ it is applied in the text) as well as sometimes to yoru, night (homophon of yoru, gather together, collect). There are parallel etymologies quoted by the Kogi, but it is needless to detail them here. Umashiahafu would contract into umasahafu; umashi may be written with a character aji, meaning taste, savour—hence ajisahafu, and of this the aji might be confounded with its homonym aji (a kind of teal or widgeon), explaining a common way of writing the expression—teal-marsh-abundant.
For umasahafu, shikitaheno see List m. k.
83
Minume no ura wo suguru toki Akahito ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Mikemukafu 1 Ahaji no shima ni tada mukafu Minume no ura no oki he ni ha 5 fukamiru tsumi urami ni ha nanori-so kari fukamiruno mimaku hoshikedo 10 nanorisono onoga na woshimi ma tsukahi mo yarazute are ha ikeru to mo nashi. 15 Suma no ama no 1 shiho-yaki kinu no narenaba ka hito hi mo kimi wo wasurete omohamu. 5
For mikemukafu, fukamiruno, nanorisono see List m. k.
84
(Jinki) yotose to ifu toshi hinoto no u mutsuki ohokimitachi omitachi ni mikotonori shite Jintôryô ni hanachi imashime tamaheru toki ni yomeru uta hitotsu.
Makuzuhafu 1 Kasuka no yama ha uchinabiku haru sari yuku to yama no he ni 5 kasumi tachibiki Takamato ni uguisu nakinu mononofuno yaso tomo no wo ha 10 karigane no ki-tsugi konogoro kaku tsukite tsune ni ariseba tomo namete 15 asobamu mono wo uma namete yukamashi sato wo machi-kate ni aga seshi haru wo 20 kakemaku mo aya ni kashikoshi ihamaku mo yuyushikaramu to arakazhime 25 kanete shiriseba chidori naku sono Saho-gaha ni iso ni ofuru suga no ne torite 30 shinubu-gusa harahite mashi wo yuku midzu ni misogite mashi wo ohokimino 35 mikoto kashikomi momoshikino ohomiya hito no tamahokono michi ni mo idezu 40 kofuru kono goro.
10-14 the Kogi text is followed.
11 a species of wild goose; also kari ga ne, the scream of the wild geese.
19-20 the spring we have made vain to wait for.
40-41 sankin ni ahite midari ni michi ni idzuru koto dani yezushite.
For makuzuhafu, uchinabiku, mononofuno, momoshikino, ohokimino, tamahokono see List m. k.
Of the above lay the text is more or less uncertain, the syntax is confused, and the meaning in part obscure.
85
(Tempyô) futatose shimotsuki Sakanohe no Iratsume ga Kami no ihe yori michi-dachi shite Tsukushi no michi no kuchi no kuni (Chikuzen) Munakata no kohori Nagoyama wo koyuru toki yomeru uta hitotsu.
Ohonamuji 1 Sukunabikona no kami koso ha nadzuke somekeme na nomi wo 5 Nagoyama to ohite aga kohi no chihe no hito he mo nagusame naku ni.
7 kohi = [miyako wo] kohishiku omofu.
86
(Tempyô) yotose to ifu toshi midzunoye saru Fujihara no Umakahi no mahetsukimi nishi no umi tsu ji no setsudoshi ni tsukahasaruru toki Takahashi no Murazhi Mushimaro ga yomeru uta hitotsu.
Shirakumono 1 Tatsuta no yama no tsuyu shimo ni iro-dzuku toki ni uchi-koyete 5 tabi-yuku kimi ha ihohe yama i-yuki sakumi ata-mamoru Tsukushi ni itari 10 yama no soki nu no soki mesedo tomo no be wo agachi tsukahashi yamabikoni 15 kotahemu kihami taniguku no sa wataru kihami kuni-gata wo meshi-tamahite 20 fuyukomori haru sari-yukaba tobutorino haya kaheri-kone Tatsuta-ji no 25 Wokabe no michi ni ni-tsutsuzhi no nihohamu toki no sakura-bana sakinamu toki ni 30 yamatadzuno mukahe-mawi demu kimi ga kimasaba. Chiyorodzu no 1 ikusa naritomo koto agesezu torite kinubeki wotoko to so ’mofu. 5
3 tsuyu shimo ni, by the rime and dew (which cause the ruddy leafage of autumn). But see Glossary. Other explanations are possible, but the above seems most suitable.
3 koto agesezu = ihitatsuru koto naku.
For shirakumono, yamabikoni, fuyukomori, tobutorino, yamatadzuno (not rendered in the translation) see List m. k.
87
Sumera mikoto no setsudoshi no mahetsukimitachi ni ohomiki tamaheru ohomi-uta hitotsu.
Wosukuni no 1 toho no mikado ni imashira shi kaku makarinaba tahirakeku 5 are ha asobamu te udakite are ha imasamu sumera waga udzu no mite mochi 10 kaki-nade so negi-tamafu uchi-nade so negi-tamafu kaheri-komu hi 15 ahi nomamu ki so kono toyomiki ha
10 udzu, precious or sacred; mi-te = mi tahe.
11, 13 kaki and uchi are prefix verbs having an emphatic value; nade = propitiate, negi (negafu), intreat.
Maki VI, Shimo
88
(Tempyô) yatose to ifu toshi hinoye ne minadzuki Yoshinu no totsumiya ni idemaseru toki Akahito ga mikotonori wo uketamaharite yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no meshi-tamafu Yoshinu no miya ha yama-takami 5 kumo so tanabiku kaha hayami se no to so kiyoki kamusabite mireba tafutoku 10 yoroshi nabe mireba sayakeshi konoyama no tsukiba nomi koso kono kaha no 15 tayeba nomi koso momoshikino ohomiya tokoro yamu toki mo arame!
3 meshi = mishi.
11 yoroshi nabe, and likewise excellent.
14 tsukiba and 16 tayeba have much the same value.
16 nomi koso, the koso emphasizes the two nomi.
89, 90, 91
Isonokami no Otomaro no mahetsukimi (kyô) Tosa no kuni ni hanatayeshi toki uta mitsu.
89
Isonokami 1 Furu no mikoto ha tawayame no sadohi ni yorite uma-zhi mono 5 naha tori-tsuke shishi zhi mono yumi-ya kakumite ohokimi no mikoto kashikomi 10 amazakaru hina he ni makaru furukoromo Matsuchi no yama yu kaheri-konu ka mo. 15
For amazakaru, furukoromo see List m. k.
90
Ohokimi no 1 mikoto kashikomi sashinamino kuni ni idemasu hashikiyashi 5 waga se no kimi wo kakemaku mo yuyushiki kashikoshi Suminoye no ara hito kami 10 funa no he ni ushi-haki-tamahi tsuki-tamahamu shima no saki-zaki yori tamahamu 15 iso no saki-zaki araki nami kaze ni ahasezu tsutsumi naku mi yamahi arazu 20 sumuyakeku kaheshi-tamahane moto no kuni he ni.
3-4 perhaps should run sashinamino | Tosa no kuni ni | idemasu ya.
10 ara = arahareru—but see Aston, Shintô.
12 ushi = mushi (ni shite hakasu).
13, 15 tsuki rather refers to direction, yori to approach.
19 = tsutsuga naku, untroubled.
21 = sumiyaka ni. Motowori says sumu = susumu.
For sashinamino see List m. k.
91
Chichi kimi ni 1 are ha manago so omo tozhi ni are ha manago so mawi-nobori 5 yaso uji hito no tamuke suru Kashiko no saka ni nusa matsuri are ha so makaru 10 tohoki Tosa-ji wo.
5, 6, 7 introduce kashiko (Kashiko). Motowori considers the subject of 5 to be Isonokami.
92
Nara no miyako no aretaru wo kanashimi yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no takashikasu Yamato kuni ha sumerogi no 5 kami no mi yo yori shikimaseru kuni nishi areba aremasamu miko no tsugi tsugi 10 amenoshita shiroshimesamu to ya ho yorodzu chi-tose wo kanete sadamekemu 15 Nara no miyako ha kagirohino haru nishi areba Kasuga yama Mikasa no nu-he ni 20 sakura hana ko no kure-gakure kaho-tori ha ma naku shiba naku tsuyushimono 25 aki sari-kureba Hakahi yama Tobuhi ga take ni hagi no ye wo shigarami chirashi 30 sawoshika ha tsuma yobi-toyome yama mireba yama mo migahoshi sato mireba 35 sato mo sumiyoshi mononofuno yaso tomo no wo no uchi-hahete sato namishikeba 40 ametsuchi no yori-ahi no kihami yorodzu no yo ni sakaye yukamu to omohi nishi 45 ohomiya sura wo tanomerishi Nara no miyako wo arata yo no koto nishi areba 50 ohokimi no hiki no manimani haruhanano utsurohi kahari muratorino 55 asa tachi yukeba sasudakeno ohomiya hito no fumi narashi kayohishi michi ha 60 uma mo yukazu hito mo yukaneba are ni keru ka mo!
3 takashikasu = takashirasu.
9 araharemasamu.
24 The first naku = not-be, the second, cry, sing.
39 uchi-hahete, hafu, extend.
41-42 set forth men’s hopes. Nara would long endure—a sort of common form in lays of this character. 53 to end describe the impermanence of things and the desolation of the abandoned Capital.
For yasumishishi, kagirohino, tsuyushimono, mononofuno, haruhanano, muratorino, sasudakeno see List m. k. Most of these can only be rendered indirectly.
93, 94
Kuni no nihimiyako wo tatafuru uta futatsu.
93
Akitsukami 1 waga ohokimi no ame no shita Yashima no uchi ni kuni ha shi mo 5 ohoku aredomo sato ha shi mo saha ni aredomo yama nami no yoroshiki kuni to 10 kaha nami no tachi-afu sato to Yamashiro no Kase-yama no ma ni miya-hashira 15 futoshiki matsuri takashirasu Futagi no miya ha kaha chikami se no to so kiyoki 20 yama chikami tori ga ne-doyomu aki sareba yama mo todoro ni sawoshika ha 25 tsuma yobi-doyome haru sareba woka be no shizhi ni ihaho ni ha hana saki-wowori 30 ana omoshiro Futagi no hara ito tafuto ohomiya tokoro ubeshi koso 35 waga ohokimi ha kimi no mani kikashitamahite sasudakeno ohomiya koko to 40 sadamekerashi mo.
For akitsukami, sasudakeno see List m. k.
94
Waga ohokimi 1 kami no mikoto no takashirasu Futagi no miya ha momo ki moru 5 yama ha ko-dakashi ochi-tagitsu se no ’to mo kiyoshi uguhisu no ki naku haru he ha 10 ihaho ni ha yama shita-hikari nishiki nasu hana saki wowori sawoshika no 15 tsuma yobu aki ha ama-girafu shigure wo itami sanidzurafu momichi chiritsutsu 20 yachi tose ni are tsukashitsutsu ame no shita shiroshimesamu to momo yo ni mo 25 kaharubekaranu ohomiya tokoro. Wotomera ga 1 umi wo kaku chifu Kase no yama toki shi yukereba miyako to narinu. 5
5 The meaning of moru is disputed. The Kogi follows Motowori, taking moru as equivalent to shigeru.
22 = chôtei ni tsukahematsuru wo. are = arahare.
3 kase, homophon of Kase, means skein or spool.
For sanidzurafu, see List m. k.
95
Haru no koro Mika no hara no miyako no aretaru wo kanashimi yomeru uta hitotsu.
Mika no hara 1 Kuni no miyako ha yama takami kaha no se kiyomi ari yoshi to 5 hito ha ihedomo sumi yoshi to are ha omohedo furi nishi sato nishi areba 10 kuni miredo hito mo kayohazu sato mireba ihe no aretari hashikeyashi 15 kaku arikeru ka mi moro tsuku Kase yama no ma ni saku hana ni iro medzurashiku 20 momotorino kowe natsukashiki ari-gahoshi sumi yoki sato no aruraku woshi mo! 25
2 Kuni, is City-Royal; in 11 kuni is ‘land’ or ‘country.’
15 must be read, though indirectly, with 18, 16 being parenthetical.
17 Motowori prefers umi wo kaku (see 94).
tsuku = tsukuru.
25 aruraku = aruru, lie desolate, waste.
For momotorino see List m. k.
96
Naniha no miya nite yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yasumishishi 1 waga ohokimi no ari-gayofu Naniha no miya ha isanatori 5 umi katatsukite tama hirifu hama he wo chikami asa ha furu nami no ’to sawaki 10 yufu nagi ni kaji no ’to kikoyu akatoki no ne-same ni kikeba umi chikami 15 shihohi no muta urasu ni ha chidori tsuma yobi ashi-he ni ha tadzu ga ne-doyomu 20 miru hito no katari ni sureba kiku hito no mimakuhori suru mikemukafu 25 Ajifu no miya ha miredo akanu ka wo.
16 muta = tomo ni.
22 ni = wo.
24 migahoshiku.
27 akanu, unwearied of.
For yasumishishi, isanatori, mikemukafu see List m. k.
97
Minume no ura wo suguru toki yomeru uta hitotsu.
Yachihokono 1 kami no mi yo yori momofuneno hatsuru tomari to Yashima kuni 5 momo funa hito no sadameteshi Minume no ura ha asa kaze ni ura nami sawaki 10 yufu nami ni tamamo ha ki-yoru shira manago kiyoki hama-he ha yuki kaheri 15 miredomo akazu ubeshi koso miru hito goto ni katari-tsugi shinubikerashiki 20 momoyo hete shinubaye yukamu kiyoki shira hama.
1-7 introductory to 8. 9 to end descriptive and eulogistic.
13 manago = masago, sand, pebbles.
For yachihokono, momofuneno see List m. k.
Maki VIII, Kami
Haru no kusagusa no uta.
98
Kusaka yama no uta.
Oshiteru 1 Naniha wo sugite uchi nabiku Kusaka no yama wo yufu-gure ni 5 aga koye-kureba yama mo se ni sakeru ashibi no ashikaranu kimi wo itsushika 10 yukite haya mimu.
7 se ni, crowdedly, thickly.
8, 9 sound-quibble, ashibi and ashikaranu.
10, 11 There is inversion here.
For oshiteru and uchinabiku see List m. k.
99
Sakura no hana no uta.
Wotomera ga 1 kazashi no tame ni miyabi-wo no katsura no tame to shikimaseru 5 kuni no hatate ni saki nikeru sakura no hana no nihohi ha mo ana ni!
Haru no shitashimi uta.
100
(Tempyô) itsutose to ifu toshi midzunoto tori nochi no yayohi Kanamura ga Morokoshi ni tsukahasu tsukahi ni okureru uta.
Tamatasuki 1 kakenu toki naku iki no wo ni aga ’mofu kimi ha utsusemino 5 [yo no hito nareba ohokimi no] mikoto kashikomi yufu sareba tadzu ga tsuma yobu 10 Naniha-gata Mitsu no saki yori ohobune ni ma kaji shizhi nuki shira-nami no 15 takaki arumi wo shima-dzutahi i-wakare yukeba todomareru are ha nusa tori 20 ihahitsutsu kimi wo ba matamu haya kaherimase!
1-8 are a preface.
2 without breach of truce.
3 iki no wo, thread of life.
6, 7 Interpolated on the authority of Keichiu.
16 arumi = aruru umi.
For tamatasuki, utsusemino see List m. k.