APPENDIX VI

THE KINGS OF THE TUAREG OF AIR

The following list of the kings of Agades was collected by Mr. H. R. Palmer, now Lieutenant-Governor of Northern Nigeria, in a record which has been referred to in the body of this work as the Agades Chronicle. The information was supplied by a learned Hausa scribe and is derived from Tuareg sources, probably in part MSS. The record ranks as “good oral testimony.” It was published in an English translation prepared by Mr. Palmer and printed in the Journal of the African Society, Vol. IX. No. XXXVI., July 1910. I am indebted to Mr. H. R. Palmer and to Messrs. Macmillan and Co., Ltd., the publishers of the Journal, for permission to reproduce the information in extenso.

In the following pages little more is given than the bare list of kings with the dates, but much of the other information contained in the Chronicle has been incorporated in the text of the third, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth chapters of this book. The spelling of some of the proper names in the list and in the text has been slightly modified to accord with the system of transliteration adopted.

The genealogical table following the list of kings has been compiled from the information contained in the Chronicle.

Date. Name. Period of reign. Remarks.

A.D. A.H.

I 1406 809 Yunis, son of Tahanazeta 20 yrs.

II 1425 829 Akasani 6 „ Son of the sister of Yunis.

III 1429 833 El Haj Aliso 20 „ He was killed by his people.

IV 1449 853 Amati ?4 „ Brother of the above: he also was killed and the dynasty ended.

V ? ? Ibn Takoha 4 yrs. 2 mths. A new dynasty.

VI 1453 857 Ibrahim ben Hailas 9 yrs.

VII Yusif ben Gashta 16 „ Brother of the above.

VIII 1477 882 Muhammad the Great 10 „

IX 1486 892 Muhammad Sottofe Date confirmed approximately from Nigerian records. He was a contemporary of M. Rimfa of Kano, 1463-99, and Ibrahim of Katsina, 1493-6.

X 1493 899 Muhammad ben Abdurahman el Mekkaniyi 9 „ Son of sister of above: he was killed.

XI 1502 908 The twins Adil and Muhammad Hammat Known as the children of Fatimallat. They reigned together. Their date is confirmed by the advent of Askia to Air in their reign in 1515.

XII 1516 922 Muhammad bin Talazar 2 yrs.

XIII 1518 924 Ibrahim 24-5 yrs. Son of M. Sottofe.

XIV 1553 961 Muhammad el Guddala 39-40 „ Brother of above (name also given as Ghodala and Alghoddala).

XV 1591 1000 Akampaiya 2½ „

XVI 1594? — Yusif 8 & 28 yrs. Son of sister of above.

XVII 1601? — Muhammad bin Mubaraki ibn el Guddala Son of younger brother of Yusif’s father, and presumably grandson of No. XIV; deposed Yusif and was shortly after himself deposed.

XVIII 1629? — Muhammad Attafrija 2 yrs. Son of Yusif: his mother was daughter of No. XIV. Deposed.

XIX 1631? — Aukar ibn Talyat 1 mth. Deposed.

XX 1631 — Muhammad Attafriya ? 31 yrs. For the second time.

XXI 1653 1064 Muhammad Mubaraki 34 „ ? Son of father of above.

XXII 1687 1098 Muhammad Agabba 33-4 yrs.

XXIII 1720 1132 Muhammad el Amin 9 mths.

XXIV 1720 1133 El Wali 1 yr. 2 mths. Brother of above.

XXV 1721 1134 El Mumuni Muhammad 9 mths.

XXVI 1722? — Muhammad Agagesha Son of No. XXII.

XXVII 1735 1147 Muhammad Hammad 5 yrs. Son of No. XXI. Deposed.

XXVIII 1739 1152 Muhammad Guwa 4 yrs. 7 mths. ? Son or grandson of No. XVII.

XXIX 1744 1742 Muhammad Hammad For the second time.

XXX 1759 — Muhammad Guwa 4 yrs. 6 mths. Do.

XXXI 1763 1176 Muhammad Hammad 5 yrs. 6 mths. For the third time.

XXXII 1768 1181 Muhammad Guddala 25 yrs. Son of above.

XXXIII 1797 — Muhammad Dani 5 yrs. 7 mths. Deposed in A.H. 1212.

Interregnum 7 yrs. Government of chief learned men.

XXXIV 1797 1212 El Bekri [El Bakeri] 19-20 yrs. Succeeded in 1797, but was not installed till later.

XXXV 1815 1231 Muhammad Gumma 5 yrs. 1 mth.

XXXVI 1826 — Ibrahim Waffa 7 yrs. Deposed.

XXXVII 1835 — Guma 7 „ Killed.

XXXVIII 18-- — Abdul Qader 22-3 yrs. Deposed in 1857.

XXXIX 1857 1274 Ahmed Rufaiyi 12 „ Twice deposed, finally in 1869.

XL about 1869 1286 Sofo el Bekri ? 32 „ Four times deposed.

XLI about 1900 1318 Osman Mikitan 4 yrs. 5 mths.

XLII 1904 1322 Ibrahim Da Sugi 4 yrs. Three times deposed.

XLIII 1908 1336 Tegama 11 „ Died in prison.

XLIV 1919 Omar Reigning