ILLUSTRATIONS.
Reading edition
PAGE
Governmental structure x
Genealogy, monarchs of England and Scotland Chapter I., Footnote 9
Genealogy, monarchs of Europe Chapter I., Footnote 14
Map of Rochelle area 46
Battle of Edgehill, 23rd Oct. 1642 126
Battles of Newbury, 20th Sept. 1643 & 27th Oct. 1644 145
Battle of Marston Moor, 2nd July 1644 164
Map of Lostwithiel area 169
Battle of Naseby, 14th June 1645 185
Map of Lancashire 229
Battle of Dunbar, 3rd Sept. 1650 289
Battle of Worcester, 3rd Sept. 1651 294
GOVERNMENT.
|
+——————————————————————+——————————————————————————-+
| | |
Legislative, Executive, Judicial, deciding what
framing laws executing laws law is, and whether it
| | is broken or not.
| | |
| | +——————+————————+
| | | |
| | Civil Ecclesiastical
| | Courts Courts
| | | |
+————+——————+ +————-+————+ +————-+————+ +——+————+
| | | | | | | |
Legal Arbitrary Legal Arbitrary Legal Arbitrary Legal Arbitrary
Legislative, framing laws | +——————————————————+————————————————————————————————————+ | | Legal Arbitrary | | +——————-+——————————-+————————-+————————————+——————————-+ | | | | | | | | | | | freeholders freeholders inhabitants | | | | holding by holding by of certain | | | | free socage, feudal towns | | | | who elect service, elect | | | | | who elect | | | | | | | | | | | | +————-+————-+ | | | | about 120 | | | | 26 bishops peers about 100 about | | and sitting by knights of 400 | | archbishops hereditary shires burgesses | | | right | | | | | | | | | | +——————-+——-+ +————+————————————-+ | | | | | King House of Lords House of Commons King who \ | / by prerogative \ | / | +————————————+————————————————————-+ | | +——————+ Parliament | | | +————————-+——————————-+ +————————-+——————-+ | | | | makes grants makes raises loans, laws subsidies and proclamations ship-money, customs in council grants monopolies
Executive, executing laws | +——————————————————-+——————————————————————+ | | Legal Arbitrary | | King who in King who by the eye of prerogative the law can | ‘do no wrong’ | | | makes treaties, declares war, arrests by personal mandate, but has no standing army, and imprisons without habeas has no money without Parliament; corpus, billets soldiers | | +——————+——————————————————-+————————————————+ | | | secretaries and appoints sheriffs councillors appointed lords-lieutenant, enforce and removed by king, but and officers of decisions in the eye of the law militia by sea of judges ‘responsible;’ carrying and land out laws and collecting revenue through their agents
Judicial, deciding what law is, and whether it is broken or not. | +————————————+————————————————————————-+ | | | Ecclesiastical Civil Courts Courts. No | trial by jury | | +————————————————————-+ +————+——————+ | | | | Legal Arbitrary Legal Arbitrary | No trial | | | by jury | | | | | | +——————————-+——————+ | | | | | | | | Equity Common law. | | | | Trial by jury | | | | | | | | | +————-+ +-+ | | | | | | | Court of +——King’s +——Council Courts of High Chancery; | Bench | Board bishops Commission; lord chancellor | (Note A) | (Note B) who were judges appointed | | appointed appointed by king +——Common +——Star by king by king | Pleas | Chamber | (Note A) | (Note C) | | +——Exchequer +——Council (Note A) of North (Note D)
Notes
(A) Judges appointed and removed by king, but by their oaths bound to give judgment according to the laws, and to do equal law and execution of right, without having regard to any person
(B) Councillors appointed and removed by king; use of torture
(C) Judges, councillors, and others appointed by king
(D) President appointed by king
KING AND COMMONWEALTH.