Volume 8 / Book 14 — CHAPTER V. (continued 3)

—, his quarrel with James IV. of Scotland, vi. 9;

receives Scottish exiles, 99;

projects marriage of his daughter Mary to James V., 99;

the title of Defender of the Faith withdrawn from him by the pope, 109;

sends Norfolk to observe events in Scotland, 114;

sends Sir R. Sadler to Scotland, 124, 133;

invites James V. to an interview at York, 134;

goes to York, 135;

his wrath at abandonment of the interview by James, 136;

writes to him, 137;

prepares for war, 137;

refuses to receive ambassadors, 139;

his manifesto, 140;

orders exposure of the captive Scots in London, 146;

projects marriage of his son Edward with Mary queen of Scotland, 157;

his arrangement with the banished nobles, 157;

his scheme resisted by Beatoun, 158;

adopted by Scottish council, 159;

frustrated by refusal of the hostages, 171;

declares war against Scotland, 175;

his aims, 184;

desires to see Melanchthon, 476;

Calvin's opinion of him, 476

—, promises aid to Christian II. of Denmark but does not give it,vii. 138

—, birth of his son Edward, viii. 141;

on death of Queen Jane seeks another wife, 142;

several ladies proposed, 142;

demands delivery up of Cardinal Pole by Francis I., 150;

writes to Hutton, 151;

begins persecution of Anabaptists, 160;

issues ordinances against the reformed faith, 163;

arranges for trial of Lambert, 166;

presides at the trial, 167 sqq.;

extolled by the Catholic party, and by Cromwell, 173;

seeks the hand of the duchess of Milan, 174;

the treaty broken off, 175;

sanctions printing of the Bible, 176;

attempts a compromise between the conflicting parties, 179;

failure of the scheme, 180;

his measures of defence against alliance of the pope, the emperor, and the King of France, 181;

his 'Six Articles,' 181;

his proclamations declared to be laws, 183;

his attentions to Cranmer, 184;

appeal of Melanchthon, 189;

exhibits a sea-fight on the Thames, 191;

his autocratic temper, 192;

marriage purposes, 192;

Anne of Cleves, 193;

the marriage arranged, 193;

incognito sees her at Rochester, 195;

returns to Greenwich, 196;

his perplexity, 196;

conversations with Cromwell, 196, 197;

receives Anne at Greenwich, 197;

determines to get rid of her, 197;

his antipathy, 198;

communications to the emperor, 199, 200;

receives delegates of Elector of Saxony and Landgrave of Hesse, 201;

promises to them to soften harshness of the Six Articles, 201;

imprisons Barnes, Garret, and Jerome, 204;

ill-will towards Cromwell, 205;

heaps honors and wealth upon him, 207;

reasons why, 207;

his want of money, 208;

gives assent to bill of attainder against Cromwell, 218;

permits him to write to him, 219;

a fête in honor of the queen, 220;

his scheme for getting rid of her, 221;

sends three Protestants and three Papists to the stake together, 226 sqq.;

scheme for the divorce of his wife, 229 sqq.;

the divorce pronounced by Convocation, 232;

marries Catherine Howard, 235;

becomes a Catholic, 235;

adopts a Catholic policy, 236;

royal infallibility by Act of Parliament, 236;

consents to Cranmer's committal, 243;

his interview with Cranmer, 244;

gives him his ring, 244;

submission of the council, 246;

Bibles published under his sanction, 247;

goes to York to meet the King of Scotland, 247;

the interview prevented by Beatoun, 248;

receives disclosures respecting the queen, 249;

investigations by the lords, 249;

sends Cranmer to her, 250;

sends her to Sion House, 252;

orders prosecutions, 253;

the queen executed, 254;

letters to Cranmer, 260;

marries Catherine Parr, 262;

receives list of charges against Cranmer, 263;

has interview with him, 264;

nominates a commission, 264;

his pretexts for war with France, 267;

private occasions of offence, 267;

alliance with Charles V., its conditions, 268;

invades France, 268;

takes Boulogne, 269;

prorogues Parliament, 272;

his last speech, 272, 273;

proscribes English New Testament and many religious books, 279;

overlooks the Queen's evangelical zeal, 285, 286;

his ill-health, 286;

offended with the queen, 287;

signs bill of indictment against her, 290;

informs his physician, 291;

visits the queen, 293;

visited by her, 293 sqq.;

prevents her arrest, 296;

erects new Court of Augmentations, 297;

chooses Cranmer as guardian of his son and the realm, 298;

his fears of conflict after his death, 299;

receives a warning of ambition of Surrey, 300;

orders investigation, 300;

sends Norfolk and Surrey to the Tower, 301;

illness, 304, 306;

interview with Cranmer, 307;

his death, 307;

his epoch, 308;

his will, 308;

his character, 309, 310

Henry d'Albret, King of Navarre, his character, i. 345;

escapes from prison, 345;

courts Margaret of Angoulême, 346, 356;

their marriage, 378;

visits Béarn, 413;

at St. Germain, ii. 30;

at Roussel's preaching in the Louvre, 114;

complains to the king of agitation in Paris, 124;

warns the king at Meaux, 126;

strikes Margaret, iii. 28

Henry, duke of Orleans, his marriage with Catherine de' Medici proposed by Francis I., ii. 149;

solemnized at Marseilles, 195;

his character and position, iv. 355

Henry of Nassau, governor of Flanders, his reply to the Dominicans of Dort, vii. 486

Henry, a monk of Tournay, martyrdom of, vii. 522

Hepburn, John, competitor for see of St. Andrews, vi. 10;

storms the castle, 10

Hepburn, Patrick, prior of St. Andrews, one of the judges of Patrick Hamilton, vi. 61;

denounces Alesius, 75;

assails and imprisons Alesius, 76, 77;

ordered to release him, casts him into a fouler dungeon, 77;

compelled by the king to liberate him, 78;

again imprisons him, 78;

appoints John Hay keeper of the prison, 79;

pursues Alesius, 82;

misses him at Dundee, 83;

demands tithe of fish of David Straiton, 94;

proceeds against him for heresy, 94

Heretics, L'Etoile's view on treatment of, ii. 4;

in England, withdrawn from episcopal jurisdiction, viii. 191

Herman, fanatic, at Groningen, vii. 542;

his pretensions, 543;

imprisoned, 544

Herman of Liége, goes to Geneva, vi. 299 [Spirituals]

Hermanstadt, Transylvania, evangelists at, vii. 350;

expelled, 350;

persecution at, Lutheran books burnt, 353;

disturbances by the monks, 369;

the monks banished, 370

Hertford, Edward Seymour, Earl of, commands English army in Scotland, vi. 184;

pillages and burns Leith and Edinburgh, 184; viii. 141

Hewet, Andrew, burnt with Fryth, iv. 162

Hildebrand and Calvin, vi. 255

Hilderley, made bishop of Rochester, v. 130

Hilles, Richard, account of, viii. 258;

suspected by Gardiner, goes to Strasburg, 259

History, various kinds of, iii. 198; vi. 1, 2

Hoen, Cornelius, vii. 501;

arrested and imprisoned, 501;

sent to the Hague, 502

Hoffman, Melchior, vii. 541; viii. 332

Hohenlohe, Count of, [Sigismund]

Hollard, Christopher, iii. 204;

protests against the friar's sermon at Orbe, 207;

assaulted by the women, and imprisoned, 207;

liberated, 209;

iconoclast, 228;

procures arrest of priests, 230

Holstein, duchy of, the Reformation established in, vii. 225

Holyrood Palace, pillaged and burnt by the English, vi. 184

Honter, John, his labors in Transylvania, vii. 395

Hosius, Cardinal, sends Jesuits to Sweden, vii. 333;

his instructions, 334;

writes to the king and queen, 335

Howard Family, The, divisions in, viii. 302

Howard, Catherine, passion of Henry VIII. for her, viii. 221;

account of her, 234;

married to Henry, 235;

accompanies him to Scotland, 248;

disclosures about her made by Lascelles, 248 sqq.;

examined, denies the charges, 250;

makes confession to Cranmer, 250;

her delirium, another interview with Cranmer, 250, 252;

sent to Sion House, 252;

many prosecutions ordered by the king, 253;

condemned and executed, 254;

effects of the disclosures, 255

Howard, Harry, at a tournament, viii. 221

—, Lord William, his embassies to Scotland, vi. 101;

sent to the Tower, viii. 253

Hubberdin, preaches against the reformers, iv. 97;

his mountebank tricks, 98

Hugonin, of Arnex, iii. 213;

pleads for friar Juliani, 214;

converted, 226;

imprisoned, 231

'Huguenots', origin of the term, i. 88;

its first meaning political, 89;

meetings of, at Geneva, 135;

a war-cry, 142;

rapid growth of the party, 148, 181;

excluded from the councils, 200;

recover their liberties, 207;

unsuccessfully attempt conciliation, 208;

the founders of modern liberty, 254;

support appeal to the pope against duke of Savoy, 268;

persecution of, by the duke, 268 sqq.;

exodus, 270;

the fugitives attacked by troops of the duke, protected by Friburgers, 272;

arrival at Friburg, 273;

their wives and children join them, 283;

justification of the fugitives, 293 sqq.;

election of Huguenot Syndics, 301 sqq.;

resent tyranny of the prince-bishop, ii. 318;

invite Bonivard to put himself at their head, 353;

resolve to eat meat in Lent, 355;

claim right of free inquiry, 388;

their bold front against Savoy and other powers, 392;

complaint of the fiscal against them, 397;

sentenced, 397;

their negative Protestantism, 399;

intercourse with Swiss Evangelicals, 399;

imprisoned by allies of the bishop, 416;

assailed by Friburgers, 444;

discuss encroachments of the clergy, 462;

[Lutherans] massacre of, iii. 3;

leaders visited by Farel, 277, 278;

visit him, 280;

attend disputation between Froment and Pellier, 331, 332;

advocate religious reformation, 348;

demand the Scriptures, 349;

arms of the flesh, 409;

fight in the Molard, 411 sqq.;

proscription, 438;

prepare resistance to bishop's removal of prisoners, iv. 187;

armed attendance on Farel's preaching, 211;

assassinations, 232, 233;

consultation, 235;

search the bishop's palace, 236;

Huguenot syndicate, 242;

demand a church, 250;

occupy grand auditory at Rive, 252;

discoveries among the relics, v. 287 sqq.;

their heroism contributes to triumph of the Reformation, vi. 226;

division among them, 279, 335;

resist faith by compulsion, and influence of foreigners, 336, 337;

refuse to swear to the Confession, 338;

decree of banishment against them, 339;

the decree a dead letter, 339;

their opposition to the rule of Calvin, 358

Hugues, Besançon, i. 36, 37;

opposes surrender of culverins to Duke of Savoy, 48, 50, 67, 87;

leader of the Huguenots, 89;

syndic, 111, 134, 137, 138;

envoy to Friburg, 140;

his speech to Genevese assembly, 147;

proposes Swiss alliance, 148;

envoy to Friburg, 156, 160, 161, 164, 180, 182, 200, 205;

his interview with La Baume, 212;

becomes his adviser, 212;

his promise to the duke, 256;

his qualifications for leadership, 262;

elected syndic, refuses the office, 263;

resists claims of the duke, 267;

treacherous visit of Vuillet to, 271;

missing at Friburg, 273;

escapes by night, 274;

at Friburg, 274;

his speech before the senate, 275;

detects the duke's stratagem in the safe-conduct, 281, 300, 302;

speech on return of the exiles, 305;

proposes Swiss alliance at general council, 306, 307;

his conservatism, 309, 310;

elected captain-general, ii. 306;

influenced by Ab Hofen, 316;

the bishop's gift to him, 320;

bishop's envoy to Berne, 321;

frustrates the duke's plot against Geneva, 324;

sets a watch, 327, 333;

assists flight of the bishop, 340;

escapes seizure by Savoyards, 341;

replies to menaces of the bishop, 364;

mission to Berne and Friburg, 368, 402;

hostile to Bonivard, 404;

his resignation, 450;

his death, 451;

a martyr of liberty, 451;

the bishop's letter to, iii. 268 sqq.;

date of death, 273

Hugues, Denis, i. 292

Hugues, Guillaume, syndic of Geneva, ii. 468; iii. 282, 286, 291

Hungary, invaded by Turks, ii. 107;

King John supports duke Christopher of Würtemberg, 218;

evils of submission to Rome, vii. 342;

revolts, 342;

fitness of the people for the Reformation, 343;

kept back by persecution, 343;

early partial enlightenment, 343;

marriage of Louis II., 344;

beginning of the Reformation, 345;

Luther's writings introduced, 346;

and condemned, 346;

first evangelical preachers, 346;

eagerness of students to go to Wittenberg, 347;

persecution sanctioned by the king, 348;

intolerance of the priesthood, 348;

edict for burning of heretics, 355;

invasion of, by Sultan Solyman, 356;

unprepared, 357;

rout of Mohacz, 360, 361;

persecution breaks out, 364, 365;

emigration of Christians, 366;

conversion of magnates, 368;

persecution slackened, 369;

again invaded by Solyman, 370;

influence of Confession of Augsburg, 371;

Devay and other reformers, 372 sqq.;

the first printing press in, 381;

Conference of Schässburg, 384, 385;

progress of Reformation, 388;

adoption of Zwinglian views, 389;

agreement between the two kings, 390;

death of Zapolya, his son proclaimed king, 391;

invasion by Turks in his support, 391;

disorder and distress, 392;

progress of Reformation, 393, 394;

persecution instigated, 399;

the Pope and Mohammed in, 406 sqq.;

effects of Council of Trent in, 408;

conference of Erdoed, 409;

conference of Eperies, 410;

progress of the Gospel, 415

Hungerford, Walter, Lord, executed, viii. 224

Hunter, James, Protestant of Perth, vi. 180;

condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

hung, 181

Huntley, Earl of, defeats the English at Halidon, vi. 138;

in command of army at Edinburgh, 141;

a mutiny, 141;

takes part in conference against the regent, 169

Hus, John, ii. 102; vi. 5;

his followers in Bohemia divided, vii. 417, 421

Hutton, English envoy at Brussels, viii. 142, 151, 174

Ibach, preaches at Frankfort, viii. 318

Ibrahim Pasha, takes Peterwaradin, vii. 356

Iceland, vii. 225;

its bishops, 225;

resists imposition of new constitution of the church, 229;

gradual extinction of Roman services, 230. [Aresen, Johan.]

Icelandic New Testament, vii. 228

Image-breakers, imprisoned, iv. 309;

at Geneva, v. 285-292 sqq.;

at Lausanne, vi. 231, 266, 267

Individuality and Community, iv. 372, 373; vi. 277

Innocent VIII., Pope, i. 45

Inquisition, The, introduced in the Netherlands, vii. 491;

in Spain, Torquemada, viii. 2;

destroys Spanish Bible, 42;

at Paris, prohibits Regnault from printing Bibles and seizes those printed, 178

Irenaeus, i. 9

Isabella, Queen of Spain, her severity towards her daughter Joanna, viii. 128;

sends confessors to her, 128;

her distress, 129;

her plan of excluding her from the throne, 130;

her death, 131

Isabella, sister of Charles V., marries Christian II. of Denmark, vii. 127;

adheres to evangelical faith, 139;

her death, 139

Islamism, action of, in Hungary, contrasted with that of Roman church, vii. 407 sqq., 414, 415, 416

Italian League, concluded at Bologna, ii. 162

Italian New Testament, by Bruccioli, iv. 410

Italy, beginning of Reformation in, iv. 406;

spread of its doctrines by students and soldiers, 409;

enthusiasm for Luther, 409;

revival of, promoted by two groups of Christians, 476;

wave of reformation reaches the Vatican, 481;

two camps, 488;

Italian sympathy with England in war with France, viii. 269, 270

James IV. of Scotland, examines and acquits Campbell of Cessnock and his wife, vi. 8;

killed at Flodden, 9

James V. of Scotland, his minority, vi. 9;

his defective education and devotion to pleasure, 22;

declared of age, 23;

submits to the priests, 23;

sent by them on pilgrimage to St. Duthac, 55;

complains to Henry VIII. of his treatment by Angus, 72;

escapes in disguise to Stirling Castle, 73;

banishes Angus and assumes to govern, 74;

his character, 74;

places the government in the hands of the priests, 74;

orders liberation of Alesius and the other canons, 77;

compels Hepburn to release Alesius, 78;

concludes alliance with Charles V., 86;

receives secret embassy from the emperor, 86;

accepts order of the Garter from Henry VIII., 101;

rejects proposal of marriage with Mary of England, 101;

gets severe laws passed against reading the Bible, 102;

demands reforms, 105;

gives up proposed interview with Henry VIII., 106;

sends secret mission to Rome, 106;

quarrels with the queen-mother, 106;

offers aid to Francis I., 107;

marries Madeleine of Valois, 107;

loses his wife, 108;

marries Mary of Lorraine, 109;

under Cardinal Beatoun's influence, 111;

prepares for war with England, 114;

present at the burning of five martyrs, 118;

corresponds with Henry VIII., 125;

demands reform, and threatens the bishops, 125;

again takes the side of the priests, 128;

invests Sir James Hamilton with functions of an inquisitor, 128;

imprisons and puts him to death, 129;

birth of his son, 129;

embarks on a voyage, 129;

rebukes the cardinal and prelates, 130;

birth of a second son, 130;

his remorse, 130, 131;

death of his sons, 132;

agrees to meet Henry VIII. at York, 134;

bribed by the prelates, abandons the interview, 136;

threatened with war by Henry, 137;

obtains subsidies of the prelates, 137;

after Halidon proposes negotiation, 139;

assembles his army at Edinburgh, 140;

abandoned by the army, 141;

holds a council at Holyrood, sanctions a proscription against the reformation party, 142;

flight of his army at Solway, 145;

his distress, 147;

returns to Edinburgh, 147;

secretly leaves the city, 148;

birth of his daughter, Mary Stuart, 149;

last interview with the cardinal, 149;

his death, 150;

his character, 150

Janin, the armorer, iv. 202, 205;

accompanies Maisonneuve to Lyons, 266;

arrested, 267;

conversations with the prisoners, 287 sqq.;

dejection, 290;

his liberation sought by Bernese, 322;

liberated by order of Francis I., 328;

restored to Geneva, 329

Janssen, Thure, grand master of the Court of Sweden, supports Christian II., vii. 185;

put to death by Christian, 186

Jean de Courte-Caisse, prince-bishop of Geneva, i. 20

Jean de La Rochetaillée, prince-bishop of Geneva, i. 20

Jeanne d'Albret, birth of, i. 413;

edits Novels of her mother, ii. 171

Jerome, evangelical preacher, v. 199;

preaches at Paul's Cross, viii. 203;

reprimanded by the king, 204;

committed to the Tower, 204;

burnt at Smithfield, 227, 228

Joachim, prince of Anhalt, viii. 322;

supports the Reformation, 325;

wavering, encouraged by Luther, 327

Joanna, Queen of Spain, account of, viii. 126 sqq.;

kept in captivity, 127;

her marriage with Archduke Philip, 128;

her hostility to Rome, 128;

birth of her son (Charles V.), 129;

excluded from the throne, 130;

reported to be mad, 130;

goes with Philip to Spain, 131;

her rights sacrificed by agreement between her father and her husband, 132, 133;

death of her husband, 134;

placed in confinement, 134;

her hand sought by several princes, 134;

removed to Tordesillas, 134, 135;

rumors, 135;

her treatment, 135, 136;

her religious belief, 136, 139;

her death, 139

Joensson, Thure, marshal of Sweden, vii. 281;

his pride and vanity, 285;

agrees with Brask, 285, 287, 288;

his demands, 291;

escapes into Norway, 297

John, the Bastard of Savoy, his birth and breeding, i. 33;

his bargain with Duke Charles for bishopric of Geneva, 33, 34;

sent to Rome, 34;

honorable reception of, by Leo X., 35;

nominated bishop, 35;

exasperation of the Genevese, 36, 37;

accepted by the majority, 37;

enters Geneva, 38;

proclaimed sovereign, 39;

tampers with Berthelier, 40;

feasts the young men, 41;

a mere servant of the duke, 53;

his tyranny and extortion, 53;

carries off Claude Vandel, 55;

refuses to release him, 55;

flies from Geneva, 57;

pardons a robber, 61;

reproved by the duke, 62;

escapes from Geneva, 65;

joins in the duke's plot against Levrier and Berthelier, 66;

visits the duke at Lyons, 79;

tortures Pécolat, 81 sqq.;

demands Berthelier, 83;

refuses safe-conduct for Berthelier, 87;

declares he will not return to Geneva, 90;

seizes Pierre d'Orsières, 90;

returns, 92;

liberates d'Orsières, 92;

accused by the syndics before the duke, 93;

demands torture for Pécolat, foiled by Levrier, 98;

inhibition of the metropolitan served on him, 102;

threatened with excommunication, laughs at the archbishop, 103;

excommunication published in Geneva, 104;

plots with the duke, 111;

orders arrest of Bonivard, 117;

his treatment of the bodies of Blanchet and Navis, 123;

indignation of Genevese, 126;

his reply to their letter, 129;

Mameluke deputation to, 132;

demands death of Berthelier and others, 134;

his sealed letter to Genevese, 137;

rejected by the Council and the people, 138, 182;

at Troches, conspires with Mamelukes, 184;

raises troops, 186;

enters Geneva, 187;

his message to the council, 187;

arrests Berthelier, 189;

refuses a just trial, 192;

puts him to death, 196;

revolutionizes Geneva, 199;

retires to Pignerol, 265;

forbidden by Leo X. to return to Geneva, 206;

appoints a coadjutor, 212;

his death-bed, 212 sqq., 285

John III., King of Sweden, vii. 322, 323, 324;

his claims and arrest, 327;

conferences with Erick, 330;

succeeds his brother, 330;

cruel treatment of Erick, 331;

his queen, a Romanist, 332;

won over to the Catholic side, 332;

publishes an ordinance in favor of Romanism, 332;

Romanism in the ascendent, 333;

sends embassy to the pope, 335;

persecutes the Protestants, 336;

his instructions for the murder of Erick, 336, 337;

his report to Duke Charles, 337;

received into Romish communion, 338;

claims duchies of Bari and Rossano, 339;

loses his wife and marries again, 339;

persecutes the Catholics, 339;

his death, 340

John Louis, bishop of Geneva, i. 21;

his character, 23;

gives protection to his father, Louis, 23

John of Falkenberg, marries Dorothea of Austria, vii. 464;

opposes Alasco in Friesland, 464;

attempts to get him banished, 464

John of Leyden (John Bockhold), iv. 374;

his preaching in the Netherlands, vii. 542;

arrives at Munster, viii. 335;

account of him, 335, 336;

on death of Matthison becomes king, 342;

his debauchery, 342;

undertakes conquest of the world, 343;

his pomp, 344;

his wives, 344;

sends out his apostles, 345;

beheads a woman, 346;

excites revolt in the Netherlands, 348;

captured by troops of Philip of Hesse, 350;

feigns conversion, 350;

his cruel fate, 351

John of Lucerne, i. 116

John of Molines, at Waldensian synod, iii. 255;

refuses to sign the new confession, 259;

goes to Bohemia, 260

John, prince of Anhalt, signs Compromise of Augsburg, viii. 322;

supports the Reformation, 325

John, son of Christian II., the hope of the Catholic party, vii. 184;

his death, 193

Jomory, archbishop of Cologne, commands Hungarian army against Solyman, vii. 360

Joris, David, account of, vii. 469;

his conference with Alasco, 470;

at Basel, 470; viii. 353

Joubert, William, martyrdom of, i. 347, 348

Joye, Amadeus de, i. 69;

carries off the image of St. Babolin, 201;

imprisoned, 202;

his trial, 202;

threatened with torture, 203;

permitted to escape, 203

Joye, George, account of, v. 31;

his New Testament, 32

Jubilee, The, ii. 460

Julian de' Medici, i. 34;

his marriage with Philiberta of Savoy, 49, 50

Juliani, Michael, friar, preaches against reform at Orbe, iii. 205, 206;

arrested, 209;

his trial, 214;

liberated, 215

Julius II., Pope, i. 119; iv. 131

Justification, ii. 268, 269

Kempis, Thomas à, vii. 482

Kennedy, imprisoned, vi. 120;

tried before archbishop of Glasgow, 121;

burnt, 123

Killon, a monk, his tragedy acted at Stirling, vi. 115;

arrested, 116;

burnt, 118

'King's Book,' The, viii. 261

Kingston, lieutenant of the Tower, receives Queen Anne, v. 140, 141, 163;

at her execution, 164

Kirkcaldy, James, of Grange, reveals to the king the projects of Beatoun, vi. 129;

withdraws from the court, 168

Kirkcaldy, William, takes part in conspiracy against Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 210;

assists at seizure of castle of St. Andrews, 211;

obtains conditional promise of protection from Henry VIII., 215

Kirwan, preaches against Peto, iv. 105

Kiss, Stephen. [Szegedin, Stephen]

Klaessen, Wendelmutha, account of, vii. 520;

imprisoned, 520;

her trial and martyrdom, 522

Klein, Catherine, receives Calvin at Basel, iii. 157

Knevet, Sir Antony, refuses to continue torture of Anne Askew, viii. 281

Knevet, Sir Henry, at Ratisbon, investigates rumor about Bishop Gardiner, viii. 159

Knipperdolling, Bernard, receives Bockhold and Matthisson at Munster, viii. 336;

burgomaster, 338;

has power of life and death, 342, 344;

his cruel fate, 351

Knox, John, i. 6;

his birth and boyhood, vi. 14;

a disciple of Mayor, 18, 19;

hears preaching of Guillaume, 156;

a follower of Wishart, 192;

keeps watch over him, 192;

parts with him, 195

Kunz, pastor at Berne, vi. 325, 367, 369, 370;

hostile to Calvin, 371;

the ape of Luther, 372;

one of the presidents of synod of Lausanne, 374;

undertakes to advise the Genevese to recall the reformers, 426;

account of him, 426;

visited by Calvin and Farel, 427;

his wrath, 428, 429;

places Calvin's articles in the hands of Vandel, 435

La Baume, Pierre de, coadjutor of bishop of Geneva, i. 212;

at death-bed of the bishop, 213;

his character, 214;

appointed Bishop of Geneva, 215;

his entry into the city, 215 sqq., 235;

his worldly policy and vacillation, 261;

receives deputation respecting Savoyard oppression, 262;

his promises, 262;

invited by Genevese to plead their cause at Rome, 264;

as agent of Charles V. goes to Milan, 265;

fugitives from Geneva repulsed by his officers at St. Claude, 273;

his anxiety, 284;

called to Geneva, 296;

his reception, 297;

won over by Vandel, 298;

braves and fears the duke, 299;

resists election of Huguenot syndics, 300, 301;

at general council, 308;

protests against Swiss alliance, 308;

flight from Geneva, 311;

vacillation, ii. 309;

disposes of benefices vacant by sack of Rome, 317;

his alarm, 319;

sequestrates property of the Mamelukes, 320;

seeks alliance with the Swiss, 320;

the duke's plot against him, 322;

escapes, 324;

in concealment, 325;

attends a general council and is made free of the city, 328;

concedes civil jurisdiction, 328;

abduction of a girl, 335;

compelled to restore her, 336;

his fears, 338, 339;

his flight by night, 340;

negotiation with the duke, 343;

takes his ease, 343, 349;

reconciled with the duke, 362;

hateful to Geneva, 363;

revokes civil jurisdiction, 364;

his menaces, 364;

anger at reply of Geneva, 366;

insults the messenger, 366;

prohibits reform, 389;

demands release of Mandolla, 411;

appeals to Knights of the Spoon, 412;

authorizes them to make war on Geneva, 413;

meets the duke at Gex, 415;

the attack frustrated, 422;

liberates his prisoners, 429;

asks intervention of the emperor, 429;

prepares another attack, 431;

applies to the pope, 432; iii. 268;

his letters to Besançon Hugues, 268-272;

receives deputation from the council, 324;

urged by Friburgers to return to Geneva, 423;

commanded to do so by Clement VII., 424;

invited by Genevese, 425;

hesitation, 426;

preparations to receive him, 430;

his entrance, 433;

orders a procession, 433;

at a general council, 434;

his despotic plans, 437;

proscribes Huguenots and Evangelicals, 438, 439;

invites the proscribed to his palace, 440;

seizes and imprisons them, 441;

what to do with them, 443;

a strange request, 444;

refuses a lawful trial to the accused, 448;

receives deputation of elders, 450;

will not yield, 451;

uneasiness, iv. 185;

resolves to remove Lutheran prisoners, 186;

compelled to surrender them, 189;

anxious to leave, 190, 191;

visit of the syndics to, 191;

his flight, 192;

his name a byword, 194;

forbids preaching, 196, 198;

his letters disregarded, 199;

a proclamation, 213, 230;

meditates a coup d'état, 231;

his palace searched, 236;

his plot discovered, 239;

result of the discovery, 242, 297;

accuses Maisonneuve of relapsing, 298;

urges his punishment, 299, 307;

forms a new plot, 308;

marches for Geneva, 311;

retreats, 315;

cuts off supply of food from the city, 337;

favors brigandage, 337;

transfers see to Gex, 338;

excommunicates Genevese, 339;

forbids the faithful to attend a disputation, v. 257;

forbids speaking or trading with Genevese, 270;

created cardinal, vi. 479

La Forge, Stephen de, his intercourse with Calvin, ii. 90;

receives him at Paris, iii. 68;

his zeal, 76;

his household, 89;

burnt, 141; iv. 259, 267

'La Gaborite,' martyrdom of, iii. 142

Lamb, Robert, Protestant of Perth, vi. 178;

seized and condemned to death by Cardinal Beatoun, 181;

hung, 181

Lambert, Denis, vi. 271, 272

Lambert of Avignon, i. 339, 340;

called to Marburg, vi. 31;

intercourse with Patrick Hamilton, 31, 32, 34;

his testimony to Hamilton, 34

Lambert, Jean, iv. 240, 241; v. 352;

imprisonment at Chillon, 353;

burnt at Chambery, vi. 486

Lambert, Jean, assists Calvin in preparing constitution of Church of Geneva, vii. 56

Lambert, (John Nicholson) seized and sent to London, iv. 92;

his examination, 93 sqq.;

liberated, 95;

settles in London, account of him, viii. 163, 164;

his interview with Dr. Taylor, 165;

conference with Cranmer and others, 165;

his views condemned, 165;

appeals to the king, 165;

writes his Treatise on the Sacrament, 166;

his trial before the king, 167 sqq.;

condemned, 172;

burnt, 172

Lambert, Savoyard ambassador to Swiss Diet, i. 153;

again sent, 162

Langerben, Michael, colleague of Olaf Peterson at Stockholm, vii. 261

Lannoy, i. 325

La Sarraz, Michael Mangerot, Baron of, ii. 412;

commissioned to make war on Geneva, 413;

character of, 416;

takes the field, 416, 417;

at battle of Gingins, v. 336 sqq.;

in command at blockade of Geneva, 358

Lascelles, John, his disclosures about Queen Catherine (Howard), viii. 248 sqq.;

examined by the lords, 249

Latimer, Hugh, his sermon before the court, iv. 37;

the king tries to gain him, 45;

strengthened by the Fathers, 46;

letters to the king, 47 sqq.;

his oratory, 49;

his boldness, 50;

accused to the king, 51;

protected by him, 77;

friendship with Bilney, 78;

tries to save him, 80;

laments for him, 83;

hated by priests and courtiers, 95;

sermon in the city, 95;

quits the court, 97;

summoned before bishop of London, 98;

examined, 99, 100;

maintains freedom of preaching, 100;

appears before Convocation, 101;

excommunicated, 101;

will not recant, 101;

absolved, 102;

visits Bainham in the Tower, 109;

the popular orator of Protestantism, v. 23;

chaplain to Queen Anne, 23;

his view of monasticism, 97;

the queen's esteem for, 121;

bishop of Worcester, 130;

preaches before Convocation, 181 sqq.;

on the pilgrimage of grace, 206;

his letter on birth of Edward VI., viii. 141;

opposes the Six Articles, and resigns his see, 184;

retires to the country, 184;

committed to the Tower, 184

Latomus, takes part in persecution at Louvain, vii. 556, 559

Lauder, John, official accuser under Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 116, 121;

at the trial of Wishart, 199 sqq.

Laufen, battle of, ii. 253

Laurent, Peter, professor at Malmoe, vii. 169

Laurent, Philip, ii. 8

Lausanne, Farel and Viret driven from, iv. 256;

offers troops to Geneva, 317;

preaching of Viret and Fabri at, vi. 229, 230;

image-breaking, 231;

a disputation appointed by Berne, prohibited by Charles V., 234;

its importance, 235;

the Romish and Protestant champions, 236;

the opening, 238;

manuscript Acts of the Disputation, 238 note;

protest of the canons against the discussion, 240;

results of the meeting, 260;

moral reform at, 261;

treaty with the Bernese, 264;

synod of, 313;

another, convoked by Bernese, 373;

discussion refused to Genevese deputies, 374;

the usages of Berne accepted, 374

La Val d'Isère, seignior of, i. 62;

attempts to gain Bonivard, 63;

vows to seize Levrier, 64;

escapes from Geneva, 65

La Vaux, opposition to reformation at, vi. 267

Lay power, growth of, i. 285;

assembly of laity and clergy discussed, ii. 293;

laymen and clergy, 311 sqq.;

encroachments of clergy, 462;

triumph of, in England, iv. 19;

one of the forces of Protestantism, 298;

in primitive church, v. 26, 27;

revival of, in England, 83

Le Clerq, curé, searches for Margaret's 'Mirror,' ii. 172;

his act disavowed by Sorbonne, 181;

his defence, 182;

imprisoned, 233

Le Comte, John, iii. 74, 92;

invited to Switzerland by Farel, 232

Lecoq, his preaching at Paris, ii. 74;

before Francis I. and the court, 74;

a secret interview with the king, 75;

pronounced an arch-heretic, 76;

examined by doctors of the Sorbonne, 76;

retracts, 77

Lee, Edward, ambassador to Charles V. and the pope, iv. 22;

made archbishop of York, 72;

disowns primacy of the pope, v. 20;

sent to Queen Catherine, 112;

encourages the Catholic revolt in Lincolnshire, 204;

at Pomfret Castle, 209, 213; viii. 180

Lefèvre, of Etaples, publishes his New Testament, i. 225, 317;

flies from persecution, 332, 335, 367, 368;

at Paris, 361, 362;

consoles Margaret, 412; ii. 9, 57, 68;

his Bible, 90;

at Nérac, iii. 21;

interview with Calvin, 23, 24;

his Mass of Seven Points, 117;

his New Testament, 162;

used by Olivétan, 358;

allowed to be printed at Geneva, 358;

invited to take part in disputation at Geneva, v. 258;

his Bible compared with Olivétan's, 272

Leighton, Dr., v. 82;

commissioner for visitation of monasteries, 84;

his proceedings, 85 sqq.

Leith, the English fleet at, vi. 183;

entered by the army, 184;

pillaged and burnt, 184

Lennox, John Stuart, Earl of, marches on Edinburgh, vi. 23;

defeated by Angus and slain, 24

Lennox, Earl of, supporter of the French party, vi. 166;

at conference against the regent, 169;

enters service of Henry VIII., 176;

marries Lady Margaret Douglas, 176

Leo X., Pope, i. 34;

brings about marriage of Philiberta of Savoy with his brother Julian, 34, 35;

nominates the Bastard of Savoy bishop of Geneva, 36;

false steps, 36;

his character, 49, 50;

gives Geneva to Savoy, 50;

annuls censures of archbishop of Vienne in Pécolat's case, 106, 114, 118;

characterized by Bonivard, 119;

forbids the Bastard to return to Geneva, 206;

his summons to syndics of Geneva, 208, 211;

prohibits introduction of Luther's works into Spain, viii. 4

Lepeintre, Claude, account of, viii. 47;

his martyrdom, 47, 48

Le Picard, champion of the Sorbonne, ii. 121, 126;

arrested, 127;

before the parliament, 129;

banished, 130;

his departure, 133;

returns, 230;

with Beda renews persecution, 230;

imprisoned, 233

Lerma, Peter de, abbot of Alcala, viii. 15;

imprisoned by the Inquisition, 16;

submits, 16;

his exile and death, 16, 41, 42;

his last days, attended by F. de Enzinas, 45

Le Sage, Charles, iii. 46, 47, 53

Lesley, John, conspires against Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 209;

assists at seizure of castle of St. Andrews, 211;

slays the cardinal, 212

Lesley, Norman, quarrels with Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 209;

conspires against him, 209;

his plan, 210;

seizes the castle of St. Andrews, 211

L'Etoile, Pierre de, teaches at Orléans, ii. 1;

his influence, 3;

his view on treatment of heretics, 4

Leutschau, Christian courage at, vii. 401

Levet, Claudine, iii. 320;

hears Froment, 321;

alone with the Bible, 322;

her conversion, 323;

dress and charities, 325;

her friends, 326;

meetings, 327;

threatened by Catholic rioters, 388;

advises flight of her husband, 441;

character of, 442; iv. 195; v. 304, 305

Levet, Aimé, iii. 320, 327;

Froment concealed in his house, 351, 358;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

escapes, 441;

his wanderings, 445;

pursued and taken, 446;

liberated, iv. 195;

invites Froment, 195, 235;

refuses to honor relics and is imprisoned, 258, 324;

elected syndic, v. 394

Levrat, Jean, iv. 311, 312;

arrested, 316

Levrier, Aimé, i. 61, 62;

doomed to destruction by duke of Savoy, 62;

the scheme proposed to Bonivard, 63, 64;

warned by Bonivard, 64;

the attempt frustrated, 65;

foils the Bastard in Pécolat's trial, 98;

his proposal for saving Pécolat, 99, 104, 130, 134, 138, 200;

proposes deprivation of the bishop, 206;

commissioned to go to Rome, 206;

proof against Savoyard seductions, 233;

his character, 237;

frustrates the duke's attempt to usurp the vidamy, 239;

his interview with Charles at Bonne, 240;

leads opposition to his demand of sovereignty, 241;

his death determined on, 243;

refuses to leave Geneva, 244;

before the duke, 244;

seized and carried off by Bellegarde to Bonne, 247;

the bishop's councillors refuse to intervene, 249;

the duke's plot, 250;

debate in the Council, 250;

tortured, 251;

his calm courage, 252;

execution by night, 253 sqq.;

consequences, 254, 282;

his memory honored, 315

Levrier, Pierre, i. 37, 74, 93, 94

Libertines, The, ii. 91; iii. 78; [Spirituals]

Liberty, Modern, three sources of, i. 8;

morality necessary to, 59;

first declaration of religious liberty, iii. 429;

Rome and liberty incompatible, v. 61

Libraries of convents in England, destroyed or carried off, v. 99

Lichtenberg, astrologer, ii. 249

Liesveld, publishes a Dutch Bible, vii. 517

Limburg, a family of martyrs at, vii. 536, 537

Lincolnshire, Catholic revolt in, v. 204 sqq.

Linlithgow, vi. 12, 46, 125

Lippomano, iv. 482

Lisle, Lord, commander of English fleet sent to Leith, vi. 183

'Little Geneva', ii. 55

'Little Germany', ii. 63

Littlejohn Smallfoot, abbot of Bonmont's fool, i. 74, 75

Lollards, The, ii. 102

London, persecution by Bonner at, viii. 238 sqq.

London, Dr., commissioner for visitation of monasteries, v. 84;

collects information for accusation of Cranmer, viii. 242;

arrests evangelicals at Oxford, 264;

at Windsor, 270;

set in the pillory and imprisoned, 270

Longland, bishop of Lincoln, Chancellor of Oxford, deputed to obtain opinion of the university on the king's divorce, iv. 33

Longueville, John, Count of, ii. 83

Lorraine, Cardinal of, i. 366;

presides at discussion with Lecoq, ii. 76

Losonczy, Stephen, account of, vii. 411;

expels Szegedin and other pastors, 412

Louis II. of Hungary, marries Mary sister of Charles V., vii. 344;

character of, 344;

declares against reformation, 348;

writes to Elector of Saxony against Luther, 349;

urged by the pope proscribes the Reformation, 352;

issues edict for burning of heretics, 355;

summoned by Solyman to pay tribute, 357;

prepares to resist invasion, 357;

sets out to meet the Turks, 358;

his army, 359;

defeat and death at Mohacz, 361

Louis XI., of France, i. 25

Louis XVI., iii. 131

Louis, Duke of Savoy, i. 22;

takes refuge at Geneva, 23

Louisa of Savoy, regent of France, persecutes Lutherans, i. 331;

stops proceedings against Berquin, 344, 365;

her character and influence at court, 409;

takes part against the Reformation, ii. 31, 33;

her illness, 68;

will die governing, 69;

her death, 69, 418; iii. 205

Louvain, vii. 435;

Luther's writings introduced, 484;

rage of the theologians, 484;

Erasmus assailed, 485;

appeal of the doctors to the governess Margaret, 486;

arrival of Alasco at, 548;

pestilence at, 553;

persecution of the reformed at, 554;

night arrests, 554, 555;

the examinations, 556 sqq.;

the torture, 560;

martyrdom, 562 sqq.;

cowards, 568

Louvre, The, opened for Lutheran preaching by Margaret of Navarre, ii. 114 sqq.

Loys, Fernand de, represents Lausanne at the disputation, vi. 236, 243, 264

Lübeck, resolves on invasion of Denmark, vii. 207;

[Oldenburg, Count of] besieged by Christian III., 211

with other Hanse Towns allied against Denmark, 308;

resistance to the Reformation at, viii. 321;

church organized by Pomeranus, 322

Lucas, elder of the Hussites, vii. 418, 420

Ludovico, attendant of the legate at Ratisbon, imprisoned for a calumny against Bishop Gardiner, viii. 159

Luft, Hans, Marburg printer, publishes writings of Tyndale, vi. 30;

his illness at Wittenberg, 36

Lugrin, Sieur de, at castle of Gingins, lies in wait for Swiss auxiliaries, v. 333;

battle of Gingins, 335 sqq.

Lullin, Jean, i. 233;

insults the servants of duke of Savoy, 233;

resists claims of the duke, 267, 270, 276;

returns to Geneva, 290;

rouses the citizens, 290-292;

envoy to Switzerland, ii. 381;

again, 415;

assailed by Mamelukes, iii. 449; iv. 187, 188, 195;

envoy to Berne, 309;

to Lucerne, 343; v. 315;

a leader of opposition, vi. 340;

elected syndic, 361;

one of the delegates to Berne, 512;

signs a treaty, 513;

refuses to go again, 514;

arrested, liberated on bail, 516;

his flight, 518;

sentenced to death, 518

Lullin, Pierre, v. 411, 412

Lullin, Sire de, governor of the Pays de Vaud, v. 341;

at Coppet, arrests Claude Savoie, 341;

his schemes, 342;

meets fugitives from battle of Gingins, 344;

invites Maisonneuve to treat for peace, 352;

imprisons the envoys at Chillon, 353;

prepares for blockade of Geneva, 358;

orders seizure of Maisonneuve, 363

Lund, Archbishop of, arrested, vii. 217

Luther, i. 3, 103, 118, 120, 183, 201, 209;

his influence at Geneva, 210, 216, 235, 237

his starting-point, 319, 332;

his writings introduced at Strasburg, 339;

prohibited in France, 342, 352, 374, 386, 388, 430; ii. 72, 94;

opposes war, 96;

and diplomacy, 98, 99;

prevails, 101;

opposes alliance of Francis I. and landgrave of Hesse, 222 sqq.;

aversion of Chelius to, 261, 263, 408, 436; iii. 25, 49;

a letter on the evil times, 147;

organ of a new creation, 171;

agreement of Luther and Calvin, 368;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42;

Lambert's esteem for, 93;

on use of images, 102;

conference with Melanchthon, iv. 383;

writes to the elector, 384;

has interview with him, 384, 386;

opposes journey of Melanchthon to France, 387, 389;

writes to Jonas, 389, 390, 410, 414, 454, 483; v. 80;

his view of Henry VIII., 108;

takes part in discussion with English divines at Wittenberg, 116;

refuses concession, 117, 183, 292;

his writings read in the schools of Paris, vi. 17;

and proscribed in Scotland, 21;

rumor of his death in Germany, 35;

his illness, 36;

receives sick persons into his house, 37;

on marriage, 46;

approves the confession of Basel, 325;

greets Calvin, 462;

again, 496;

difference between wives of Luther and Calvin, 510;

an originator of Reformation, vii. 114;

invited by Christian II., 133;

his letter to King Frederick on behalf of Christian II., 192, 221, 235;

his letter to Gustavus Vasa, 318;

his writings introduced in Hungary and condemned, 345;

his letter to the Queen of Hungary, 362;

receives emigrants from Hungary, 366;

visited by Devay, 367;

his reply to Hungarian pastors about Devay, 396;

condemns the United Brethren, 418;

receives deputation from them, 419;

addresses to them his Worship of the Sacrament, 420;

writes to the Calixtines, 421;

receives deputation from Dantzic, 427;

his advice to them, 428;

ordinance against him published at Thorn, 430;

his message to Christians of Livonia, 432, 484, 485, 486, 488, 494;

interview with a Dutch illuminé, 505;

writes to Antwerp Christians, 505, 506;

read in Spain, viii. 3, 53;

confers with Melanchthon and others on the Six Articles, 188, 189;

his works read by Bugenhagen, 316;

sale of his hymns at Magdeburg, 318;

and at Brunswick, 319, 320;

his sermons burnt at Lübeck, 321;

intercourse with prince of Anhalt, 322;

his letter to the princes, 326;

to Duke George, 326;

to Joachim, 327;

intercourse with the duke of Pomerania, 328;

his last visit to Eisleben, intercourse with the Counts of Mansfeld, 354, 355;

illness and death, 355-358

Lutherans, in France, persecuted, i. 332;

martyred, 333 sqq.;

extirpation of, demanded by clergy, and refused by Francis I., 411;

denounced by Duprat, 414;

private meetings stopped, pastors seized, ii. 229, 230;

burning of, decreed, 231;

seizure of three hundred, 232;

at Geneva, 385;

post up a General Pardon, 463;

increase of, 467;

call themselves Evangelicals, 467;

edict for extirpation of, by Francis I., iii. 140;

at Geneva, agitation against, 367;

the doctors condemn divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42

Lutry, Canon, locks up the belfry, i. 307;

meeting of canons at his house, 311;

flight, 311;

his house entered, 312

Lutry, in the Pays de Vaud, reformation at, vi. 267, 268

Lyndsay, Sir David, vi. 126, 127, 133;

withdraws from the court, 168

Lyons, persecution at, i. 10;

Geneva fairs transferred to, 26;

visited by Francis I., 79;

distribution of New Testaments from, 225;

preaching of De la Croix at, ii. 236 sqq., 240;

church of, iv. 268;

inquisitional court at, 268;

meeting of prelates at, vi. 479, 480

Lyra, Nicholas, iii. 332

Machiavelli, i. 199; ii. 146, 148, 157, 227

Machopolis, Stephen, preaches at Annonay, i. 430

Macrin, i. 363

Madeleine of Valois. [James V. of Scotland]

Madrid, Treaty of, i. 337, 412; vii. 520

Magdeburg, beginning of Reformation at, viii. 318

Magnus, papal legate in Sweden, vii. 257;

his policy, 257;

his advice to the king, 261;

made primate, 262;

becomes tolerant, 262;

his embarrassment, 263;

cites the reformers before the chapter of Upsala, 263;

declares them excommunicated, 264;

changes his policy, his ostentation, 270, 271;

entertains the king, 272;

demands the trial of Olaf, 273;

cited before the king, 279;

goes to Rome, 280

Maid of Kent, the, account of, v. 7 sqq.;

appears before Henry VIII., 11;

her threats, 11;

a conspiracy, 13;

arrested, 15;

makes confession, 15;

executed, 17

Maison-Neuve, Baudichon de la, Syndic of Geneva, i. 142, 205;

welcomes the New Testament, 226, 256;

imprisoned at Lyons, ii. 237;

deputy to Berne, 307;

influenced by Ab Hofen, 316, 332, 333;

organizes 'funeral procession of the papacy', 347, 462;

posts up a General Pardon, 463, 467;

visits Farel, iii. 277, 314;

a zealous Protestant, 354;

with Salomon goes to Berne, 363, 365;

his friends assemble to defend him, 371;

his daughter Micah, 381;

gathering of Lutherans in his house, 385;

his courage, 386;

a prayer, 386;

proposal to burn his house, 389;

goes to Berne to oppose Du Crest, 403, 421;

escapes from proscription, 441;

at Berne, 443, 448; iv. 187;

his Lutheranism, 187, 188;

heads the Huguenots and compels the bishop to surrender his prisoners, 189;

his success, 192;

impetuosity, 196;

has preaching in his house, 197;

rescues Froment in the cathedral, 205;

secures his escape from Geneva, 206;

complains at Berne, 206, 207;

his character, 209, 210;

demands arrest of Furbity, 210;

his house threatened by Catholics, 211;

keeps order at Farel's preaching, 212;

watches over him during the tournament, 226, 236, 241, 246;

a baptism in his house, 248, 249;

takes possession of the Grand Auditory at Rive for Farel's sermon, 252;

at Frankfort, 256;

at Lyons, 261;

sells a reliquary, 261;

his bold speaking, 262, 263;

defends Renier, 264;

hostility to, aroused, 265;

again at Lyons, 266;

arrested, 267;

summoned before inquisitional court, 268;

his trial, 269 sqq.;

agitation in Geneva, 271;

his brother's efforts, 271 sqq.;

again examined, 273, 274;

answer of the court to Bernese demand, 275;

examined by inquisitors, 273, 289, 290;

false witness, 292;

enquiry continued, 293;

placed in solitary confinement, 293;

challenges the judges, 294;

harshly treated, 296;

confronted with Courtelier, 297;

the bishop's accusation, 298;

chooses to be tried in France, 299;

intervention of Genevese magistrates, 299;

final summons of the court, 300;

pronounced heretical, 300;

the sentence, 301;

his liberation sought by Bernese, 322;

liberated by order of Francis I., 328;

restored to Geneva, 329;

leader in campaign against idols, v. 289, 304;

named captain-general, 318;

leads troops to aid of Wildermuth, 346;

invited by de Lullin to treat for peace, 351;

sends envoys to Coppet, 352;

returns to Geneva, 354;

discovers treachery of his trumpeter, 356;

pleads cause of Geneva in Switzerland, 362

Malbuisson, Jacques, iv. 312

Malbuisson, Jean de, i. 219

Malbuisson, Pierre de, i. 269; iii. 374;

takes part in consultation for peace, 395; iv. 200, 208, 255

Malmoe, the Reformation at, vii. 157 sqq.;

school of theology founded at, 169

Malvenda, Peter, viii. 102;

his interviews with Juan Diaz at Ratisbon, 103, 104, 105;

writes to De Soto, 105;

interview with Alonzo Diaz, 108

'Mamelukes', a party name at Geneva, i. 89;

organization of, 149, 150;

go out to duke of Savoy, 167;

plot with him, 168;

draw up proscription list, 177;

haggle with the headsman, 177;

renounce alliance with Friburg, 179;

conspire with the bishop at Troches, 184;

come into power, 200;

vote for withdrawal of appeal to the pope, 268;

draw up proscription lists, 268;

consent to withdraw appeal, 278;

fawn on the duke, 279, 280;

accept his sovereignty at 'council of halberds', 287;

oppose justification of fugitives, 295;

dismissed from office, 301;

conspiracy, 311;

flight, 312, 313;

their property sequestrated by the bishop, ii. 320;

fugitives condemned to death, 355;

join in attack on Geneva, 355;

their plots against Lutherans, iii. 368 sqq.;

arms of the flesh, 405;

a council at the episcopal vicar's, 409;

fight in the Molard, 415 sqq.;

invite the bishop to return, 426;

exiles forbidden to enter Geneva, 431;

support absolute power of the bishop, 435;

demand justice for Wernli's death, 448;

their fanaticism, 448;

their triumph, 461;

alarmed at success of Lutherans, iv. 196;

flight of, 318;

brigandage, 319

Mandolla, procurator-fiscal, ii. 409;

flies from Geneva, 410;

imprisoned, 410;

his release demanded by the bishop, 411;

released, 429

Mannock, viii. 248, 249

Manrique, Don Alfonso de, archbishop of Seville, procures acquittal of D'Avila, viii. 17;

his banishment and death, 18, 19

Marbeck, examined by Bishop Gardiner, viii. 265;

vindicated by Cranmer and acquitted, 266

Marburg, publication of Tyndale's writings at, vi. 30;

foundation of a university, 31;

its inauguration, 32;

its principles, 32, 33

Marcii, burnt at Toulouse, ii. 82

Marcourt, Antoine, pastor at Geneva, vi. 449, 450;

with Morand at Berne, 452;

leaves Geneva, vii. 2

Marcus Aurelius, i. 9

Marennes, Countess of, account of, v. 425

Marennes, Count of, v. 425, 428

Margaret of Angoulême (of Valois), Queen of Navarre, character and position of, i. 322;

compared with Calvin, 322, 323;

her desire for reformation, 326;

journey to Spain, 326;

nurses her brother, Francis I., 328;

at Toledo, 329;

fruitless appeals to Charles V., 329;

before the council, 330 sqq.;

admiration of Spaniards for her, 330;

her acquirements and courage, 331;

procures release of Berquin, 332;

pleads for the exiles, 335;

escapes arrest by flight from Spain, 336, 337;

her influence over Francis I., 338;

corresponds with Count Sigismund, 340;

her scheme of reformation, 341;

invites Count Sigismund to France, 341;

intercedes for Berquin, 343 sqq.;

courted by Henry d'Albret, 346;

her first marriage, 346, 347, 352, 353 sqq.;

her religious poems, 355;

marriage schemes, 356;

obtains release of the prisoners, 358;

pleads for Toussaint, 359;

receives refugees from Strasburg, 361, 362;

goes to Paris, 364;

receives Toussaint, 364;

her hopes, 365, 368, 371;

as a missionary, 372 sqq.;

gets Berquin liberated, 377;

her marriage, 378;

prevents persecution of Lutherans, 411;

at Fontainebleau, 413;

birth of her daughter, 413;

returns to Paris, 414;

at Fontainebleau, 418;

her Marguérites, 421 sqq.;

her university of Bourges, ii. 23;

her sorrows at court, 31;

intercedes for Berquin, 34, 37, 40, 42;

her Martyr's hymn, 46, 61;

appeals to Bucer, 62;

birth and death of her son, 64;

at wedding of Francis I. and Eleanor, 65;

her hymn 'The fountain', 67;

attends her mother's death-bed, 68 sqq.;

protects Lefèvre, 68;

her dream of reformation, 69, 71;

revises her prayer-book, 73;

invites Calvin into her service, 93;

projects scheme of evangelical preaching, 113;

opens a hall in the Louvre for Roussel, 114;

her zeal, 114;

her plan of reformation, 117;

defamed, 120, 122;

fury of the Sorbonne against her, 165;

enemies at court, 166;

her Mirror of the Sinful Soul, 166 sqq.;

her tales of the monks, 170 sqq.;

seizure of the Mirror by the Sorbonne, 172;

violence of the monks, 172;

corresponds with Montmorency, 173;

her book prohibited, 173;

satirized in the priests' comedy, 174;

interview with Calvin, 205;

retires to Béarn, 213;

pleads for Lutherans, 234;

returns to Paris, 238;

her ambition, 238, 247;

visit of Baduel to, 258 sqq.;

at Nérac, iii. 20 sqq.;

interested in Calvin, 25;

at Pau, 26;

secret observance of the Lord's Supper, 27;

her mystery, The Nativity, represented, 29 sqq.;

her alarm about the placards, 114;

intervenes for Roussel, 115;

leaves Paris, 115;

recalled, 116;

her scheme of compromise, 116;

procures liberation of her preachers, 124;

sends Baduel to Melanchthon, iv. 368; v. 119, 120;

procures a bishopric for Roussel, 438

Margaret of Austria, Governess of the Netherlands, vii. 486;

her reply to doctors of Louvain, 486;

carries out edict of persecution, 488;

present at suppression of Augustinian convent, 499, 518;

her views of reform, 518;

her death, 529

Margaret, widow of James IV. of Scotland, regent for her son, vi. 9;

marries Angus, 15;

appeals to Henry VIII. for aid against Albany, 20;

desires a divorce, 22;

conspires with Beatoun against Angus, 23;

flies from Stirling, 24;

returns to Holyrood, 27;

quarrels with James V., 106;

her death, 137

Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, joins conspiracy against Henry VIII., v. 14;

arrested, viii. 152

Marot, Clement, arrested, i. 332;

liberated, 358;

escapes to Italy, iii. 122;

writes to Francis I., 140; iv. 370;

at Ferrara, v. 426, 428;

ordered to leave Ferrara, 443

Marquina, delegate to conference of Ratisbon, his interview with De Soto, viii. 106;

returns to Rome, 106;

reports heresy of Juan Diaz to Alonzo, 106

Marriage of priests discussed, ii. 293

Marseilles, meeting of Clement VII. and Francis I. at, ii. 192; iv. 167

Martin V., Pope, i. 19;

twice nominates a prince-bishop of Geneva, 20

Martin of Kalmance, vii. 367;

umpire with Dr. Adrian at conference of Schässburg, 384;

their embarrassment, 385;

goes to Wittenberg, 393;

colleague of Devay at Debreczin, 398;

his characteristics, 398;

assassinated by a priest, 398

Marty, Councillor of Friburg, receives Berthelier, i. 85;

at Geneva, 136;

again sent to Geneva, 170;

his interview with duke Charles, 170;

his advice to the Council, 171, 172;

remonstrates with the duke, 178, 181

Martyr, Peter, (Vermigli), iv. 427;

parentage and early life of, 433;

disinherited, enters a monastery, 433;

character, 433, 434;

begins to preach, 434;

studies Hebrew, 435;

called to Naples, 435, 461;

search after truth, 461;

his preaching, 462;

his audience, 463

Martyr, Peter, of Anghiera, iv. 455; viii. 2, 3

Martyrs, youthful, i. 347 sqq.; ii. 45;

a hymn, 46;

at Paris, iii. 118 sqq.; 136, 141, 182;

effects of deaths of, iv. 111;

Roman as well as Protestant, v. 52;

multitude of, in the 16th century, viii. 124;

heroes of the conscience, 125

Mary, Princess, of England, refuses to renounce her title, v. 111;

Cranmer's intercession for her, 111;

separated from her mother, 111;

Anne Boleyn asks pardon of her, 162;

restored to favor, 178

Mary, queen of Scots, her birth, vi. 149;

marriage of, to Edward of England projected by Henry VIII., 157;

the treaty concluded, 165;

failure of the scheme, 171;

her coronation, 175

Mary, Regent of the Netherlands, iv. 163; v. 221;

her marriage with Louis II. of Hungary, vii. 344;

her character, 344, 345;

her coronation, 348;

her distress after Mohacz, 362;

consoled by Luther, 362;

appointed Governess of the Netherlands, 364, 529;

the pope's complaint of her to the emperor, 529;

difficulty of her position at Brussels, 530;

inconsistencies, 530;

appoints Peter Alexander her chaplain, viii. 86;

favors marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, 174

Mary of Lorraine, marries James V. of Scotland, vi. 109;

left a widow, 150;

resists scheme for marriage of her daughter Mary with Edward of England, 158;

present at submission of Arran to the pope, 173;

induces Bothwell to give up Wishart to the regent, 197

Mass, The, views of Bucer and Melanchthon, ii. 269;

massmongers, 290, 291;

conversation on, iii. 48;

Calvin exposes it, 53;

the placards against, 94 sqq.;

Lefèvre's Mass of Seven Points, 117;

opinion of Francis I. on, iv. 400;

suppressed at Geneva, v. 295, 297;

Calvin on its evil influences, 432, 433;

differences about, at Ferrara, 435

Masson, Peter, Waldensian, sent to Basel, iii. 247;

conference with Œcolampadius, 247;

executed at Dijon, 250;

effect of his martyrdom, 252

Master, priest of Kent, instigates imposture of Maid of Kent, v. 8;

before Star Chamber, confesses conspiracy, 15

Materialism, iii. 11, 12

Mathurin, Friar, appears before parliament of Paris, ii. 129;

banished, 130;

his departure, 133

Matthison, John, vii. 541; viii. 335;

instigates expulsion of evangelicals from Munster, 339;

exercises chief authority, 340;

killed at siege of Munster, 341

Maurienne, bishop of, i. 78;

sent by duke of Savoy to bribe Genevese patriots, 152, 158, 161, 212, 228;

deputy to the duke about seizure of Levrier, 249;

again, 250;

attends 'council of halberds', 286

Maximus, a Greek monk, revises Slave version of the Bible, vii. 432;

confined in a convent, 433

Maxwell, Lord, vi. 144, 145;

surrenders to the English, 146;

set at liberty and sent with others to arrange marriage of Prince Edward with Mary, queen of Scots, 157;

proposes a law giving freedom to read the Bible, 162

Mayence, Albert, archbishop of, iv. 386,

Mayor, John, teaches philosophy at Paris, vi. 17;

teaches at Glasgow, 18;

his doctrines, 18, 19;

his De Jure Regni, 19;

removes to St. Andrews, 19

Meaux, ii. 57

Mecklenburg, Albert, duke of, besieged in Copenhagen, vii. 215;

submits to Christian III., 215

Medici, Giangiacomo, account of, v. 370;

takes command of Savoyard troops against Geneva, 371;

his flight before the Bernese, 381;

letters to him seized by the Bernese, 384

Medici, Lorenzo de', i. 50

Medici, Lorenzo II., de', ii. 142

Medici, Cardinal de, iv. 173

Megander, at disputation of Lausanne, vi. 246;

presides at synod of Lausanne, 314;

his influence at Berne, 324;

head of delegates to Basel, 325;

opposes Kunz and Meyer, 326;

opposes Bucer and Capito at synod of Berne, 329;

his catechism revised by Bucer, 366;

retires to Zurich, 367,

Mekins, accused by Bonner, tried and burnt, viii. 238, 239

Melanchthon, ii. 72, 73;

sent with Luther to Philip of Hesse, 222 sqq.;

Du Bellay's estimate of him, 246;

opposes Philip, 249, 252, 257;

introduces Baduel to Margaret of Navarre, 258;

anxieties, 260;

mission of Chelius to, 261 sqq.;

his desire for union, 261;

sketches plan of new church, 262;

his proposals examined before Francis I., 265 sqq., 284; iii. 84, 145, 147; iv. 349, 352;

his conciliatory character, 357;

invited to France, 357;

resolves to go, 361;

letter to bishop of Paris, 361;

letter to Sturm, 362;

receives envoy of Francis I., 375;

his perplexity, 375, 377 sqq.;

decision, 376;

his character, 377;

applies to the elector, 380;

opposed by the courtiers, refused permission by the elector to go to France, 382;

confers with Luther, 383;

objections of Germans to his going to France, 385, 386;

his grief, 388;

letter to du Bellay, 389;

letter to Francis I., 391;

to du Bellay, 392;

to Sturm, 393;

goes to Smalcalde, 395;

at conference with du Bellay, 398;

draws up answer to him, 404;

his Commonplaces circulated in Italy, 408, 411;

his letter to Campeggio, 411;

laments More, v. 75;

corresponds with Henry VIII, 106;

horror at execution of More and Fisher, 107;

declines invitation to England, 107;

takes part in discussion with English divines at Wittenberg, 116;

appointed joint envoy to Henry VIII., 118;

the embassy given up, 170;

interview with Calvin at Frankfort, vi. 474 sqq.;

his dream, 478;

friendship with Calvin, vii. 15 sqq., 236, 379, 380;

writes to Count Nadasdy, 380;

appeals to Margrave of Brandenburg in behalf of Hungarian exiles, 392;

corresponds with Alasco, 449;

his works read by the Enzinas, viii. 41;

intercourse with Francis de Enzinas, 93, 94;

writes to Henry VIII., 157;

his view of the office of kings in relation to the church, 157;

confers with Luther and others on the Six Articles, 188, 189;

writes to Henry VIII., 189;

compared with Pomeranus, 317, 320

Melville, James, conspires against Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 212, 213

Mendicants, The, ii. 121;

excite sedition at Paris, 122

Mendoza, Don Francisco de, bishop of Jaen, his interviews with Enzinas, viii. 69;

entertains Charles V., 69, 70;

presents Enzinas to him, 71

Menno, his conference with Alasco, vii. 468

Merlin, grand penitentiary, ii. 42, 44

Meyer, Sebastian, pastor at Berne, vi. 326;

his doctrine of the sacrament, 326, 367, 369, 370

Michael d' Aranda, made bishop, i. 359;

at Strasburg, 362, 380; ii. 236

Michelsen, private secretary to Christian II., vii. 145;

completes and publishes Danish New Testament, 146;

his preface, 146, 157

Michod, Jean, at disputation of Lausanne, vi. 236, 244

Middle Ages, The, i. 318

Milan, duchy of, offered by Charles V. to Francis I., v. 113

Milon, Bartholomew, paralytic, conversion of, iii. 69 sqq.;

imprisoned, 111;

martyrdom, 119

Mirabeau, Farel and, i. 375

Modena, spread of Lutheranism at, iv. 428

Mohacz, battle of, vii. 360, 361;

its effect on Europe, 361

Moine, Thomas, head of lay opposition to reform at Geneva, iii. 330, 363, 365, 366, 367, 368, 396; iv. 312

Molard, Claude du, syndic of Geneva, ii. 468

Mollerus, Henry, of Zutphen, vii. 494;

at Wittenberg, 494;

his theses, 495, 496;

preaches at Antwerp, 496;

prior of the Augustines, 496;

arrested, 497;

rescued, 497;

his wanderings, 498;

preaches at Bremen, 498;

in Holstein, 499;

murdered, 499

Mollio, John, teaches at Bologna from the New Testament, iv. 453;

expelled from the university, 453

Monachism, ii. 170; iv. 401; v. 58

Monasteries, in England, state of, v. 80;

suppression of, urged by Cromwell, 81;

middle course proposed and adopted, 82;

the system rotten, 83;

the commissioners for visitation, 84;

Canterbury, 85;

Langton Abbey, 86;

Fountains, 88;

Mayden-Bradley, 88;

Bristol, 88;

fraud at Hales, 88;

fraud at Boxley, 89;

discoveries in, 89;

Norton Abbey, 91;

Woolstrop Abbey, 91;

the nunneries, 91;

permission to leave, given to young monks and nuns, 93;

Report of Commissioners, 93;

deliberations of council on, 94;

debate in parliament, 96;

the smaller, secularized, 96;

bill for suppression of, 96;

petitions of nobles for gifts of, 98, 99;

libraries destroyed, or carried off, 99;

suppression of, carried out, 100;

closing scenes and sufferings, 100, 101;

gain to learning, 102;

crown revenues increased, 103;

the process completed, 105;

popular discontent and agitation about, 202-204;

restoration of monks to their convents in Yorkshire, 206, 207

Monathon, Genevese delegate to Berne, vi. 512;

signs a treaty, 513;

again sent, 514;

arrested, liberated on bail, 516;

flight from Geneva, 518;

sentenced to death, 518

Montague, Lord, iv. 70;

charged with treason and executed, viii. 152

Montaigne, ii. 297

Montbel de Verey, Sieur de, commands French auxiliaries sent to Geneva, v. 359;

defeated by de la Sarraz in the mountains, reaches Geneva, 364;

proposes French protection, 365

Montbèliard, pledged to France by Ulrich, ii. 226

Montchenu, Seigneur de, invites Genevese to become subjects of the king of France, vi. 362;

at Annecy, 485

Montheron, Abbot of, betrays Bonivard to duke of Savoy, i. 184;

receives priory of St. Victor, 186;

his death at Rome, 211

Montius, ii. 42, 44

Montluc, John de, at Paris, ii. 115, 116; iii. 180

Montmorency, warns Margaret of Angoulême of intention of Charles V. to arrest her, i. 336;

sets Berquin free, 377;

supports petition against him, ii. 33, 68;

hostile to Margaret, 166;

corresponds with her, 173;

intrigues against her, 173;

silenced, 177; iii. 107;

treachery towards Margaret, 115;

opposes union of Catholics and reformers, iv. 370

Montrotier, Sieur de, commands Savoyard army, i. 162, 167, 174, 176

Montyon, syndic of Geneva, i. 111, 132;

pronounces acquittal of Berthelier, 144, 148, 150, 168;

syndic, 200;

again, 263;

at 'council of halberds', 288, 290, 293;

at election of syndics, 300

'Morality,' a, performed at Geneva, i. 305

Morand, Jean, pastor at Geneva, vi. 449;

with Marcourt, vindicates himself at Berne, 452;

resigns and leaves Geneva, vii. 2

Moravia, the Reformation in, vii. 417

More, Sir Thomas, ii. 299;

appointed chancellor, iv. 5;

opens the parliament, 9, 55, 59;

presents decisions of universities on the king's divorce to parliament, 67, 75;

orders arrest of Bilney, 79;

a persecutor, 85;

his fanaticism, 90;

resigns the seals, 91;

arrests and tortures Bainham, 106;

tries to bend him, 106;

proposes to answer Fryth, 141;

threatens Tyndale, 143;

answers Fryth, orders search for him, 144;

hatred of the Reformation, 145;

his book against Fryth, 146;

doubts about the Maid of Kent, v. 10;

attempts to win him over, 12;

his name struck out of indictment, 16;

fears, 45;

refuses to take the oath of supremacy, 46;

attainted, 46;

visited in the Tower, 46, 47;

harsh treatment, 52;

sees Carthusians led to execution, 62;

visited by Cromwell, 64;

summoned before the King's Bench, 68;

condemned to death, 69;

the parting with his daughter, 69 sqq.;

his last days, 71;

execution, 73, 74;

characterized, 74;

laments for him, 75

Morel, George, Waldensian, sent to Basel, iii. 247;

conference with Œcolampadius, 247;

imprisoned at Dijon, escapes, 250

Moulins, Bertrand des, iii. 78

Mountjoy, Lord, royal commissioner sent to Queen Catherine, v. 18

Mullinen, Gaspard de, head of Swiss embassy to Geneva, i. 280;

receives from Duke Charles safe-conduct for exiles, 281

Munster, Westphalia, viii. 333;

preaching of Rottmann at, 333;

the priests deprived, and arrested, 333;

arrival of fanatics from the Netherlands, 334;

Bockhold and Matthison, 335;

Knipperdolling, 336;

spread of their views, 337;

the town seized by the Visionaries, 337;

they establish themselves in power, 338;

expulsion of evangelicals, 339;

the new kingdom set up, 340;

image-breaking, 340;

communism, 341;

investment of, by the bishop, 341;

Tausendschar, 343;

a festival, 345;

invested by Philip of Hesse, 347;

famine, 347, 348;

captured, 349.

[Spiritualists, John of Leyden]

Myconius, Oswald, meets Calvin at Basel, iii. 165;

account of, 166;

his council sermon, 167;

president of the church, 167;

sympathy with Calvin, 167; vi. 323;

takes part in synod of Berne, 327

Myconius, Frederick, one of the German envoys to England, viii. 153;

preaches at Zwickau, 317

'Mystery,' performed at Geneva, i. 222;

another, 'Monde Malade', by the Huguenots, 228;

at Pau, The Nativity, iii. 29 sqq.

Nadasdy, Count, promotes the Reformation, vii. 378;

receives Devay into his house at Sarvar, 378;

sets up the first printing press in Hungary, 381

Nägueli, Francis, Bernese deputy to Geneva, ii. 445;

ambassador to the Pays de Vaud, v. 340;

at Conference of Coppet, 340, 343, 345, 348;

seized by Savoyards and released, 350;

at Geneva, 355;

head of deputation to duke of Savoy, 361;

commander of expedition against Savoy, 373;

meets the Savoyards at Morges, 378, 379;

his victorious march, 380-384;

enters Geneva, 387;

his interview with the council, 390;

his march for Chambery, 395;

reduces Vaud, 398

Navarre, King of. [Henry d'Albret]

Navarre, Queen of. [Margaret of Angoulême]

Navis, Andrew, i. 42, 69, 73, 74, 76;

imprisoned at Turin, 115;

his examination, 116;

removed to Pignerol, 116;

his torture and confession, 116, 117;

sentenced to death, 122;

beheaded, 123;

treatment of his remains, 123, 124;

agitation in Geneva, 125, 131, 183

Navis, Pierre, i. 42, 73, 112;

his character, 113;

demands arrest of Berthelier, 113;

his accusations, 113;

grief over death of his son, 125, 131

Nemours, Philip, duke of, takes part in attack on Geneva, ii. 416, 431

Nergaz, Michael, syndic of Geneva, i. 128, 136, 137, 138, 150, 168, 267;

attempts to break off alliance of Geneva with the Swiss, 314

Netherlands, the contest against Philip II., i. 5;

home of a free people, vii. 480;

industry and commerce, 480, 481;

suzerainty of Austria, 481;

Charles V., 481;

Catholicism, in, 482;

fore-runners of the Reformation, 482;

intercourse with foreigners, 484;

voices in praise of Luther, 487;

edict of persecution, 488;

a Christian triumvirate, 500, 501;

illuminism, 505;

unknown enlighteners, 506;

persecution by Charles V., 508;

persecution authorized by Clement VII., 509;

a new edict, 519;

a new placard demands delivery of Lutheran books, on pain of death, 524;

martyrs, 525-528;

Mary queen of Hungary regent, 529;

increase of evangelicals, 531;

the Bible eagerly read, 534;

a new edict of persecution, 534, 535;

night arrests, 535;

martyrs, 537, 538;

lasting effects of these persecutions, 538;

the Enthusiasts, 538, 539;

their influence and pretensions, 540;

arms found in their possession, 541;

origin of the Reformation in, 544 sqq.;

its progress, 545;

general persecution, 552; viii. 85;

troubles caused by the Spiritualists, 348, 349

Neuchâtel, iii. 305, 307;

evangelical faith established in, 307;

offers troops to Geneva, iv. 317;

gives help to Geneva, v. 323;

the men forbidden to go by De Prangins, 323;

the muster, 324;

again forbidden, 325;

part return, 326;

the volunteers betrayed, 330;

battle of Gingins, 333;

auxiliaries entrapped, 349;

troubles in the church, vii. 49

Nevil, Sir Edward, charged with treason and executed, viii. 152

Nicholson, John. [Lambert]

Nicolai, Lawrence, Jesuit, sent to Sweden, vii. 333

Nidau, the heroine of, v. 321

'Nils Sture,' pretender to Swedish crown, vii. 278;

detected, escapes to Norway, 279

Noircarmes, envoy of Charles V., ii. 70

Norfolk, Duke of, President of the Council, iv. 5, 38;

conveys to Pole the king's offers of English sees, 70, 90;

recalled from Italy, 138, 176; v. 49;

hostility to Queen Anne, 127;

member of commission of inquiry into her conduct, 135;

informs her of charges against her, 139;

conducts her to the Tower, 140;

sent to examine her, 149;

on commission for trial of Weston, Norris, etc., 154;

presides at trial of Queen Anne, 155;

pronounces sentence of death, 157;

sent to Princess Mary, 178;

commands against insurgents in the North, 208;

his proclamation to them, 211;

sent to Berwick to watch Scotland, vi. 114;

his reports, 114, 115;

enters Scotland and retires, 140;

presents the Six Articles to the house of peers, viii. 181;

quarrels with Cromwell, 186;

envoy to France, 200;

accuses Cromwell of treason, 209;

in favor with the king, 210;

examines Cromwell in the Tower, 217, 218;

sent with Cranmer to examine the queen as to charges against her, 250;

retires to Kenninghall, 253;

writes to the king, 253;

one of the presidents at burning of Anne Askew, 283;

chief of the Catholic party, 299;

his proposals to the Seymours, 299;

charges against him and his son investigated, 300;

committed to the Tower, 301;

the king's delegates at Kenninghall, 301 sqq.;

depositions taken, 303, 304;

declared guilty of high treason, 304;

in the Tower, 305;

his letter to the king, 305;

his confession, 305;

bill of attainder passed, 306

Norfolk, Duchess-dowager of, sent to the Tower, viii. 253;

pardoned, 254

Norman, George, governor to sons of Gustavus Vasa, vii. 318, 319;

the high position assigned to him, 319

Norris, Henry, charge against him, v. 133;

at Tournament at Greenwich, 138;

arrest of, 139;

examined, 148;

indicted, 154;

tried and sentenced to death, 154;

beheaded, 159

Northumberland, Duke of, denies pre-contract of marriage between Anne Boleyn and himself, v. 153;

one of her judges, 156;

refuses to join Pilgrimage of Grace, 207;

his conference with Bothwell as to intervention of Henry VIII. in Scotland, vi. 86

Norway, receives Christian II. as king, vii. 186;

Danish fleet sent against, 186;

loses its independence, 224;

state of the church in, 224;

constitution of the Danish church imposed in, 224

Noyon, i. 317; ii. 47

Nürnberg, Peace of, ii. 101; iv. 115; viii. 331

Nürnberg, the Gospel at, iv. 114, 188

Nyon, conference of Knights of the Spoon at, ii. 374

Occhino, Bernardino, iv. 427;

early life and character of, 428, 429;

joins the Capuchins, 429;

conflicts, 430;

his preaching, 431 sqq.;

at Naples, 467;

forbidden to preach, 473

Odensee, Diet of, vii. 162 sqq.

Odin, vii. 120

Œcolampadius, i. 365, 367; iii. 84;

Waldensian deputation to, 247;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42

Oldenburg, Count of, at the head of the Lübeckers in Denmark, vii. 207, 208;

enters Copenhagen, 208;

conquers Zealand, 208;

gets Christian II. recognized as king, 208, 209;

his demands on Copenhagen, 212;

submits to Christian III., 215

Olivétan, Pierre Robert, his character and scholarship, i. 388;

intercourse with Calvin, 389, 398;

tutor at Geneva, ii. 455;

his missionary zeal, 456 sqq.;

a pioneer, 459;

his disappearance, 460;

speaks against the jubilee, 461;

forbidden to preach, 466, 467; iii. 275;

consulted by Farel, 275, 276;

summoned before episcopal council, 285;

assaulted before the council, 291;

banished, 293;

escapes, 296, 297;

promises to translate the Bible, 300, 301;

journey to the Pays de Vaud, 301 sqq.;

assisted by Waldenses, 304;

his work, 356;

questions of translation, 358;

is refused permission to print his Bible, 358;

contradicts Dominican preacher, and is banished from Geneva, 363;

completes his French Bible, v. 272;

his translation compared with Lefèvre's, 272;

his death, vi. 463

Opposition, uses of, iii. 195

Oratory of Divine Love, founded at Rome, iv. 481, 482

Orbe, in the Jura, iii. 203;

sale of pardons at, 204;

history of, 205;

commission of Bernese and Friburgers appointed to arrange differences, 212 [Farel];

evangelical worship established, 231;

tumult at, 243

Ordinances, Ecclesiastical, The, of Geneva, projected by Calvin, vii. 60;

submitted to the councils, 61;

Calvin's concessions, 62;

adopted, 62, 63;

their aim, 63 sqq.;

view of the ministry, 66, 67;

of schools and charities, 68, 69;

of election of pastors, 70, 71;

of teachers, 71;

of elders, 72, 73;

the Consistory, 72, 73;

preaching declared the chief duty of the pastors, 73;

public prayers, 75;

functions of the elders, 75;

severity of discipline, 75, 76;

subjects before the Consistory, 99 sqq.

Orebro, Synod of, vii. 299;

authority of Scripture recognized, 300;

regulations for preaching and schools, 300;

reduction of Saints' Days, 301;

compromise as to rites and ceremonies, 302;

'Form of Reformation' signed, 302

Orléans, ii. 1;

students at university of, 3;

democratic spirit, 3;

early heretics at, 12;

conversion of wife of the provost, 272 sqq.;

the provost and the monks, 273;

apparition in the convent, 275;

inquest on the spirit, 277;

appeal of the provost to the king, 278;

commission appointed, arrest of the monks, 278;

confession of the novice, 280;

the monks condemned, 281;

University of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 40

Orsières, Pierre de, i. 90;

head of deputation to John the Bastard, 90;

imprisoned by him, 90

Orsières, Hugonin d', i. 90

Osiander, intercourse of, with Cranmer, iv. 114;

at Nürnberg, 188

Ousberghen, Jan van, pastor at Louvain, vii. 549, 551, 553

Ousberghen, Justus van, vii. 569, 570;

arrested, 570;

his trial, 571;

imprisoned, 572;

before the Judges, 573;

his martyrdom, 574

Oxford, University of, appealed to by Henry VIII. on his divorce, iv. 33;

opposition, 34;

disputations, 34;

voting, and the sentence, 36;

disowns papal supremacy, v. 25;

state and visitation of, 84

Oxford, Society of friends of the Gospel at, viii. 264;

fourteen arrested by Dr. London, prosecution of Testwood, Filmer, and Pierson, 264;

their martyrdom, 266.

[Marbeck]

Paderborn, the arrest and threatened execution of Evangelicals at, by Elector of Cologne, viii. 330;

appeal of women, and pardon of the prisoners, 330

Padua, University of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 41

Paleario, Aonio, lectures at Sienna, iv. 435;

his birth and education, 435;

quits Rome, goes to Sienna, 436;

his poem on immortality, 437;

conversion, 437;

his marriage, and family, 438;

love of nature, 438;

friendship with Bellantes, 439;

hated by the monks, 440;

a plot against him, 440;

catechized by monks, 441;

goes to Rome, 441;

returns to his family, 443;

accused of heresy, 443;

a deputation to the archbishop against him, 443, 444;

trial before the senate, 446;

his defence, 447 sqq.;

acquitted, 451, 476

Palladius, bishop of Zealand, vii. 222, 224

Pallavicini, Battista, iv. 41

Panter, Master David, arrives in Scotland, with abbot of Paisley, vi. 167

Pantheism, of the Spirituals, iii. 79 sqq.

Papacy, The, in danger, ii. 294

Papists and Protestants, three of each sent to the stake together, viii. 227 sqq.

Paradis, Paul, accused by Beda, ii. 230

Pardon, General, A, posted up in Geneva, ii. 463

Paris, decree of the parliament against Lutherans, i. 331;

martyrs at, 347 sqq.;

synod, 415;

image of the Virgin mutilated, 423 sqq.;

the new learning at, ii. 50;

secret meetings of evangelicals, 55;

university of, 59;

carnival, 112;

agitation caused by Lutheran preaching, 119;

reforming itself, 134;

satires of the students, 135;

suspense, 139;

flight of evangelicals from, 213;

Lutheran preaching at, 227;

prohibited, 228;

private meetings, 228, 229;

the placards posted up, iii. 97;

the parliament convoked, 108;

arrests, 110;

martyrs, 118;

fugitives, 121;

Procession of Relics, 127;

martyrs, 137, 141;

Terror, 143;

persecution of Lutherans, iv. 258;

martyrs at, viii. 46, 47

Parker, Matthew, account of, v. 122;

named almoner to Queen Anne, 123;

his subsequent history, 123, 124;

Princess Elizabeth commended to his care, 133

Parr, Catherine, Queen of Henry VIII., viii. 262;

favors the Reformation, 262;

accusations against her, 284;

her zeal, 285, 286;

attentions to the king, 286;

her friends examined by Gardiner and Wriothesley, 289;

distress on discovery of the plot, 291;

visited by Henry, 293;

visits him, 293;

her declaration, 293 sqq.;

her arrest prevented, 296

Partridge, Nicholas. [Students, English]

Pascual, Matthew, takes part in disputation at Alcala, viii. 14;

imprisoned by the Inquisition, 15

Pau, iii. 26

Paul III., Pope, iii. 156;

account of, iv. 354;

promises a council, intends reform, 354, 366, 485;

creates cardinals, 487;

attempts at reform, 489;

persecutes the reformers, 490; v. 3, 48;

withdraws decree of Clement VII. against Henry VIII., 58;

creation of cardinals, 64;

indignant at execution of Fisher, 76;

his bull against Henry, 76;

receives news of divorce of Queen Anne, 161;

desires alliance of England, 172, 173;

supports Duke of Savoy against Geneva, 302, 314;

proposes to Duke of Ferrara expulsion of the French, 442;

proposes alliance between the emperor and the kings of France and Scotland for invasion of England, vi. 109;

sends Cardinal Farnese to diet of Ratisbon, vii. 27;

his manifesto characterized, 36;

fears and hopes for England, viii. 147;

invites Pole to Rome, 148;

creates him cardinal with others, 149;

sends him as legate to France, 149;

willing to sanction marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, 175;

publishes the bull against Henry, 175;

forms alliance with the emperor and the king of France, 181;

his irritation against Henry VIII. 255;

subsidizes Francis I., 269

Paulet, William, on commission of inquiry about Anne Boleyn, v. 136

Paulsen, Oegmund, bishop of Skalholt, vii. 225;

his quarrel with the bishop of Holum, 226;

victor in single combat, 226;

sends Einarsen to Copenhagen, 228;

resigns the see to Einarsen, 228;

accused of murder, his death, 229

Pave, Master, directs execution of Bainham, iv. 109;

his despair, 110;

he hangs himself, 111

Pavia, introduction of works of reformers at, iv. 408

Pavia, battle of, i. 276, 323;

news of in Spain, 324;

effect of, in Europe, 325, 328, 345, 346; iv. 321

Payerne, diet of, ii. 432;

meeting of evangelicals at, 470;

their letter to Geneva, 470

Pays de Vaud, The, iii. 198;

conquest of, by Bernese, spread of the Reformation in, vi. 228;

a disputation appointed, 232;

the project opposed by Friburg, 233;

and by Charles V., 233 [Lausanne];

image-worship suppressed, 263;

Bernese ordinances, 263;

edict of reformation, 272;

the pastors forbidden to admit Calvin and Farel to their colloquies, 372

Pécolat, Jean, i. 72;

his character and position, 77, 78;

his saying about the bishop, 78;

accused of attempt to poison the Bastard, 79;

stratagem for his arrest, 79;

seized and imprisoned, 80;

put to the torture, 81, 82;

report of his death, 82, 87, 89, 90, 92, 93;

his trial, 94;

new examination, 95;

threatened with the torture, 95;

declared innocent, 95;

handed over to the priests, 96;

again threatened with torture, 96;

the demon in his beard, 97;

tries to cut out his tongue, 97;

Bonivard's intervention, 99;

appeal on his behalf to archbishop of Vienne, 99;

removed to Peney, 102;

his release demanded by the archbishop, 103, 104;

liberated, 106, 107;

the order countermanded, 106;

his triumphal return to Geneva, 107;

his dumbness, 108;

his depositions produced at Berthelier's trial, 112, 161, 205, 214, 267, 271, 276;

becomes a bishoper, ii. 333;

a fray, 337;

proscribed by the bishop, iii. 440

Pécolat, Stephen, i. 99, 103

Pellican, Conrad, vii. 439;

teaches Alasco, 439

Pellicier, ii. 65

Pelliez, Claude, preaches against Froment at Geneva, iii. 330, 331

Pempflinger, Mark, Count, protects evangelists in Transylvania, vii. 350;

commanded by the king to extirpate heresy, 355;

resolves to appeal to the king, 359;

saves evangelicals from the monks, 361

Peney, Castle of, its brigands, v. 238, 239;

Genevese attack on, repulsed, 241;

burnt, 393

Pennet, Claude, iv. 232;

assassinates Berger, 233;

in hiding, 235;

seized, 238;

his execution, 241

Pennet, Pierre, iv. 202;

gives evidence against Maisonneuve, 270

Pennet, the jailer, iv. 232;

assassinates N. Porral, 233;

in hiding, 241;

escapes to Savoy, 241

Perceval, Claude, iii. 78

Perenyi, Peter, magnate of Hungary, becomes a Lutheran, vii. 368;

adopts views of Zwinglius, 389

Perrin, Ami, iii. 277, 296, 314;

supports Froment, 319, 331, 332;

receives Froment, 348;

attacks agent of the priests, 411;

leads Huguenots in the fight in the Molard, 416;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

seized and imprisoned, 441, 457; iv. 205, 235; v. 283;

takes part in breaking images in the cathedral, 285, 287;

leader in campaign against idols, 289;

complaint against him at the council, vi. 344;

commissioned to arrange for return of Calvin, vii. 3;

assists Calvin in preparing constitution of a church, 56

Persecution, impious, iii. 1;

Roman, 3

Pertemps, Claude, assists Calvin in drawing up constitution of a church, vii. 56

Perth, account of evangelicals at, vi. 177 sqq.;

persecution by Cardinal Beatoun, 180;

agitation in the town, 181

Pescara, Marquis of, i. 324

Peter of Savoy, his early life, i. 15;

created Earl of Richmond by Henry III. of England, 16;

seizes castle of Geneva, 16;

assumes protectorate of Geneva, 16;

rejected, 17;

his death, 17

Peter of Savoy, bishop of Geneva, i. 21

Petersen, Geble, bishop of Bergen, declares for the Reformation, vii. 224

Peterson, Lawrence, his birth and character, vii. 232;

chooses the study of theology, 233;

at Strengnaes, 237;

witnesses the massacre of Stockholm, 239;

narrowly escapes, 239;

with Olaf at his father's funeral, 242 sqq.;

before Gustavus, 258;

Professor of Theology at Upsala, 260;

cited before the chapter, 263;

excommunicated, 264;

his character, 305;

elected primate, 306;

marries the king and crowns the queen, 307;

hated by the canons of Upsala, 307;

betrothed to a kinswoman of Gustavus, 307;

conspiracies of the canons against him, 307;

devotion to his work, 312;

marries Gustavus to a second wife, 312;

assailed by Burrey, 326;

opposes Burrey's views on the Supper, 327;

offers no opposition to ordinance re-establishing Romanism, 333;

his death, 333

Peterson, Olaf, his birth and character, vii. 232;

scenery of Orebro, 233;

chooses the study of theology, 233;

sets out for Rome, 235;

hears of Luther and goes to Wittenberg, 235;

becomes a friend of Luther, 235;

his zeal and attainments, 236;

sails for Stockholm and is driven to Gothland, 236;

gets the seller of indulgences expelled, 236;

reaches home, settles at Strengnaes, 237;

deacon, and chancellor of the bishop, 237;

begins the Reformation in Sweden, 237;

attractiveness of his teaching, 238;

witnesses the massacre of Stockholm, 239;

narrowly escapes, 239;

his influence over Lawrence Anderson, 240;

his preaching opposed by Dr. Nils, 240;

visits Orebro and attends his father's funeral, 241, 242;

discussions with his mother, 242;

denounced with his brother by the Carmelites, 243;

hostility of Bishop Brask, 244;

preaches at Strengnaes, 256;

before Gustavus, 258;

preacher at Stockholm and secretary of the town, 260;

his character, 260;

violently assailed, 261;

cited before the chapter of Upsala, 263;

excommunicated, 264;

marries, 267;

excommunicated by Brask, 268;

translates the New Testament, 269;

trial of, demanded by the primate, 274;

public disputation with Peter Galle, 274 sqq.;

declared victor, 276;

discussion with Galle at Westeraas, 290;

deputy with Anderson to the king, 291;

proclaims Gustavus king, 298;

assists at synod of Orebro, 299;

insists on recognition of authority of the Scriptures, 300;

his concessions, 302;

superintendent of schools at Stockholm, 304;

offends the king, 309, 310;

compared with Gustavus, 310;

his complaints, 310;

loses the king's friendship, 311;

rebukes the king, 312;

his proceedings about the mock-suns, 313;

charges against him, 314, 315;

condemned to death, 316;

ransomed, 316;

preaches again, 317;

he submits to the king, 317

Petit, Jacques, deputy of the Sorbonne, ii. 287

Petit, John, iv. 18;

in the Tower, 79;

visited by Fryth, 149

Petit, Peter, vii. 125

Petit, William, bishop of Senlis, ii. 73;

translates Margaret's revised prayer-book, 73

Peto, his invective against Henry VIII., iv. 104;

summoned before the council, 105

Petre, Dr., at Convocation of clergy, v. 184

Petrovich, Count Peter, guardian of John Sigismund Zapolya, vii. 390;

promotes the Reformation, 411

Philibert, the Fair, corrupts the Genevese, i. 58

Philiberta of Savoy, i. 34;

her marriage with Julian de' Medici, 49

Philip, Archduke of Austria, viii. 126, 127;

marries Joanna of Spain, 128;

protests against assumption of government of Castile by Ferdinand, 131;

goes with Joanna to Spain, 131;

meets Ferdinand, 132;

agreement with him, 133;

his death, 134, 139

Philip, Landgrave of Hesse, ii. 71, 100, 101;

his character, 221;

supports Christopher of Würtemberg, subsidy promised by France, 221, 222;

Luther and Melanchthon sent to dissuade him, 222, 223;

meets Francis I. at Bar-le-Duc, 224;

explains to him affairs of Germany, 224;

concludes a treaty, 226;

his cautious proceedings, 248;

opposition to his scheme, 249;

marches against Austria, 252;

defeats imperial army, 253;

on Austrian frontier, 253;

concludes peace, 255;

makes treaty with Zurich and Basel, 420;

takes Munster, iv. 374;

delegates of, at conference with du Bellay, 398;

receives embassy from Henry VIII., v. 109;

alliance concluded, 110;

founds university of Marburg, vi. 31;

invests Munster, viii. 347;

takes it and puts an end to reign of Spiritualists, 349, 350;

his lenient measures, 351

Philip, Count of Genevois, leads unsuccessful attack on Geneva, i. 171;

enters with the army, 173;

named governor, 175;

disarms the people, 175, 176.

[Nemours, Duke of]

Philip (Lackland) of Savoy, i. 22;

his quarrel with his mother, 23;

captures her treasures, 24;

interview with his father at Geneva, 25;

his marriages, and accession to the throne of Piedmont, 48

Philip, Thomas, imprisoned for heresy, iv. 179;

discharged by parliament, 179

Philip, bishop of Utrecht, vii. 504, 510;

his death, 514

Philippe, Jean, Syndic of Geneva, i. 219;

his character, 227;

provides a 'mystery', 227;

resists claims of duke of Savoy, 267, 270;

elected syndic, 300 sqq., 302, 304;

appointed commander of auxiliaries for Berne, ii. 442;

as captain-general, attempts to stop Catholic insurgents, and is struck down, iii. 387;

wounds Bellessert, 387, 397;

assailed by Mamelukes, 449; iv. 186, 308;

his feud with Sept, v. 317;

resigns, 318;

refuses to go to preaching, vi. 225;

at the council, 345;

elected syndic, 361;

attends synod of Lausanne, 373;

intrigues with Cardinal de Tournon at Lyons, 479;

named Captain-general, 517;

his character, 519;

heads a riot, 521;

conceals himself, 522;

arrested, 522;

his trial, 523;

executed, 523

Philips, Harry, Gardiner's agent in plot against Tyndale, v. 35 sqq.;

consults imperial government, 37;

procures arrest of Tyndale, 38 sqq.;

denounces Poyntz, 220

Picard, Pérot. [Wingle]

Picardy, Vaudois in, i. 349;

study of the Scriptures in, 388

Piedmont, beginning of Reformation in, iv. 412

Pierrefleur, P. de., iii. 205;

deputy to Friburg, 212, 229;

procures liberation of priests at Orbe, 230

Pilgrimage of Grace, v. 206;

compared with peasant revolt in Germany, 207;

supported by the nobles, 207;

the king's energy, 208;

agitation in London, 208;

siege of Skipton Castle, 209;

Lancaster herald sent to the rebels, 209;

the march southward, 210;

proclamation of Norfolk, 211;

conditions of peace, 212;

the rebels disperse, 212

'Placards,' ii. 135, 136;

at Paris, iii. 92;

Farel's, 95;

discussion about, 95, 96;

posted up, 97;

contents, 97 sqq.;

character of, 102;

effect of, 104;

posted on the king's door, 106;

effects of, iv. 350

Plater, Felix, iii. 191

Plater, Thomas, printer, iii. 166, 167;

prints Calvin's Institutes, 191;

and his letter to the king, 191

Plato's 'Philetes', i. 303

Pluralism, and non-residence abolished in England, iv. 18, 19