Volume 8 / Book 14 — CHAPTER V. (continued 2)

consents to liberate Francis I., 337;

the treaty, 337, 356, 363, 379;

accuses the Evangelicals, ii. 70, 103, 106;

repulses Soliman, 107;

passes into Italy, 108;

at Bologna, 142;

his schemes, 143;

demands a general council, 143;

conference with the pope, 144;

appeals to the cardinals, 145;

proposes Italian League against Francis I., 146;

amused with scheme of marriage between Henry, duke of Orleans, and Catherine de Medici, 150;

tries to prevent it, 152 sqq.;

proposes marriage of Catherine with Sforza, 153, 154, 155;

his new manœuvres, 156;

rejects scheme of a lay council, 160;

gets Italian League formed, 162;

asks for cardinal's hat, 162;

his displeasure against Henry VIII., 162;

leaves Bologna, 163;

tries to prevent meeting of the pope and Francis I., 186;

demands justice for Queen Catherine, his aunt, 186;

tries to draw the Swiss into the Italian League, 187;

unconcerned about his brother's danger, 250, 254, 283;

sack of Rome, 319;

supports Savoy against Geneva, 390;

interferes at Geneva, 395;

will crush Protestantism, 421;

censures attack on Geneva, 421;

at Augsburg, 429;

his letter to the Genevese, 430;

counsels the bishop to cede Geneva to son of the duke of Savoy, 452;

gives audience to Bellegarde, iii. 262;

his answer, 263, 264;

orders Genevans to extirpate the Reformation, 273;

meets the pope at Bologna, iv. 22;

receives embassy from Henry VIII., rebukes the ambassador, 26;

leaves Bologna, 27;

war with Solyman, 116;

conferences with Clement VII., 117;

exasperated at divorce of Catherine, 164, 177;

his ambassadors oppose policy of Clement, 177;

supports duke of Savoy and bishop of Geneva, 342, 344, 454, 455, 458;

hears Occhino preach, 468;

prohibits intercourse with Lutherans, 472;

calls Carnesecchi before him, 475;

ordered to execute the pope's sentence against Henry VIII., v. 4;

preparations, 5, 21;

censures execution of More and Fisher, 76;

offers Milan to Francis I. and secures his alliance, 113;

keeps Milan, 115;

promises support to English Catholics, 202;

writes to Henry VIII., 221;

requires the Swiss to aid duke of Savoy against Geneva, 315;

destruction of Geneva part of his plan, 370;

keeps Milan, 377;

concludes alliance with James V. of Scotland, vi. 86;

attempts to prevent disputation at Lausanne, 233;

convokes a conference of theologians at Frankfort, 473;

at Diet of Ratisbon, vii. 26;

interviews with Christian II. of Denmark, 138, 184;

favors enterprise of Lübeckers in behalf of Christian, 207, 208;

his attachment to the Netherlands, 481;

his edict of persecution, 488;

introduces the Inquisition, 491;

his characteristics, 507, 508;

his persecution in the Netherlands, 508;

concludes peace of Madrid, 520;

alliance with the pope, 524;

treaty of Cambray, resolves to extirpate evangelical doctrine, 524;

issues a new edict of persecution, 534;

patronises Virves, viii. 18;

rescues him from the Inquisition, 19;

appoints Ponce de la Fuente one of his chaplains, 34;

at Diet of Ratisbon, 55;

gives audience to San Romano, 55;

his victory over duke of Cleves, 64;

appoints De Soto his confessor, 64;

enters Brussels, 67;

entertained by Mendoza, 69;

invades France, 85;

returns to Brussels, 85;

promulgates edicts of persecution, 85;

his treatment of his mother Joanna, 126;

his birth, 129;

conditionally approves marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, 175;

interview with Sir T. Wyatt, 200 sqq.;

alliance with Henry VIII., 267;

invades France, concludes a separate peace, 268

Charles the Bold, i. 313; iii. 236

Charles III., the Good, duke of Savoy, i. 29;

his character, 32;

his scheme for getting possession of Geneva, 33, 34;

claims the culverins of Bonivard, 48;

his character, 48;

made sovereign of Geneva by Leo X., 50;

the bull recalled, 52;

rebukes the bishop, 62;

sends La Val d'Isère to arrest Levrier, 63;

conspires with the bishop against Levrier and Berthelier, 65;

goes to Geneva, 75;

visits Lyons, 79;

alarmed at the bishop's proceedings, 91;

employs Chappuis, 91;

goes to Friburg and Berne, 92;

renews alliance with the Swiss, 92;

determines to put Pécolat to death, 96;

plots with the bishop at Geneva, 111;

receives embassy from Genevese about death of Blanchet and Navis, 128;

another embassy, 132;

demands death of Berthelier and others, 134;

resolves to break alliance of Swiss and Genevese, 145;

his embassy to Geneva, 146;

tampers with the Friburgers, 152;

gains support of Swiss diet, 154;

intrigues with the canons of Geneva, 157;

secretly raises an army, 162;

surrounds Geneva, 162;

insolent embassy, 163;

formally summons Geneva, 165;

declares war, 166;

plots with the Mamelukes, 168;

at castle of Gaillard, 169;

grants a truce, 171;

attacks Geneva, 171;

his promises, 172;

enters the city, 174;

pillages it, 176, 177;

his proclamation, 179;

imprisons Bonivard, 186;

with the bishop restricts liberties of Geneva, 203;

returns to Turin, 205;

his marriage, 218;

attempt to seduce the Genevese, 218;

entry into Geneva, 219 sqq.;

declines to attend the 'mystery', 228;

birth of a son, 234;

his attempts at usurpation resisted by Levrier, 239 sqq.;

fails in attempt to gain him, 240;

claims sovereignty of Geneva, 240;

unmasks his batteries, 242;

frightens the episcopal councillors, 244;

threatens Levrier with death, 245;

orders his seizure, 246;

offers to give up Levrier in exchange for liberties of Geneva, 250;

his oppression of Genevese, 261;

threats of his council, 265;

blows hot and cold, 266;

demands the superior jurisdiction, 267;

begins persecution of Huguenots, 269;

his troops in Geneva, 270;

alarmed at exodus of the patriots, 277;

demands withdrawal of appeal to Rome, 278;

urges on persecution of Genevese, 278;

enters Geneva, 279;

foiled by Swiss intervention, 281;

his stratagem, 281;

detected, 282;

a new scheme, 285;

assembles a general council at Geneva, 286;

claims sovereignty, 287;

his amnesty, 288;

received as protector, 288;

thwarted, 289;

leaves Geneva, 289;

sends de Lullins to Berne, ii. 307;

plots against bishop of Geneva, 322;

his scheme against Geneva, 323;

its failure, 323, 324;

irritation against the bishop, 330;

orders Genevese to liberate the canons, 331;

claims and threats, 338;

tries to win the bishop 343;

claims authority in matters of faith, 350;

rebukes the canons, 351;

reconciled with the bishop, 362;

convokes a synod, 367;

intrigues to make his son prince of Geneva, 368;

sends the silver keys, 369, 370;

instigates dissolution of Swiss alliance, 389;

sends embassy to Geneva, 390;

seeks help of the pope, 393;

covets St. Victor's, 402;

meets the bishop at Gex, 415;

will attack Geneva, 416;

censured by the emperor, withdraws his army, 422;

prepares another attack, 432;

Diet of Payerne, 432;

threatens Geneva, 445;

withdraws, 447;

desires cession of Geneva to his son, 452;

prepares another attack, 453;

sends Bellegarde to the emperor, iii. 262;

forms new plot against Geneva, iv. 308;

his troops march for Geneva, 311;

panic and retreat, 314, 315;

advised by the Swiss to cease from hostilities, 317, 336;

attempts to gain over the Genevese, 341;

prepares to ruin Geneva, 342;

forbids his subjects to attend disputation at Geneva, v. 257;

applies to the pope for intervention at Geneva, 301;

the de Montfort of the crusade, 314;

his supporters, 314;

summons Genevese to expel heresy and restore the bishop, 317;

prepares for war, 319;

orders attack on Geneva, 357;

receives Bernese deputation at Aosta, 361;

asks for a truce, 362;

orders attack, 366;

sends another army under Medici, 370;

offers cession of territory, including Geneva, to Charles V., 377

Charles de Syssel, bishop of Geneva, i. 29

Charles of Egmont, vii. 509;

his letter to the pope, 509;

his persecution of Lutherans, 525, 526

Charles, duke of Sudermania, head of Protestants in Sweden, vii. 340;

administrator of the kingdom, then king, 340;

convokes assembly at Upsala, 340

Chautemps, Jean, ii. 455;

character of, 457;

visits Farel, iii. 277, 331;

receives Froment, 348;

aids in rescue of Olivétan, 363, 414;

proscribed by the bishop, 439;

escapes, 441;

his wife Jaquéma seized, 442

Chelius, Ulric, his mission to Wittenberg, ii. 260 sqq.;

visits Melanchthon, 261;

Luther, 261;

Bucer, 263;

Hedio, 264;

returns to Paris, 264

Children, assemblage of, join Catholic bands at Geneva, iii. 383, 385

'Children of Geneva', i. 73, 88

Christaudins of Meaux, i. 427 sqq.;

one of them burnt at Paris, 427

Christian II., king of Denmark, his character and aims, vii. 126;

marries Isabella, sister of Charles V., 127;

favors the papal legate, 127;

suppresses revolt of Sweden, 128;

his vengeance, massacre of the nobles and prelates, 129, 130;

his interest in the Reformation, 130;

publishes a code, 134;

meets Charles V. in the Netherlands, 135;

consents to repel the Lutheran doctors, 135;

alliance formed against him, 136;

influence of Sigbrit over him, 136;

submits to the States, 137;

his flight, 137;

seeks aid of Charles V., Henry VIII., and other princes, 138;

deserted, 138;

a hearer of Luther, 138;

death of his wife, 139;

persuades Michelsen to publish translation of New Testament, 145;

his intrigues, 184;

obtains a fleet and an army and lands in Norway, 185;

acknowledged king there, 186;

invades Sweden and is repulsed, 186;

submits to Frederick, 187;

his letter to Frederick, 188;

goes to Copenhagen and is made prisoner of state, 188, 189;

confined at Sonderburg, 190;

Luther's letter in his behalf, 192;

enterprise of the Lübeckers, 207;

flies from Stockholm, 256;

set aside, and his dominions divided between Frederick and Gustavus, 265

Christian III., king of Denmark, vii. 147;

sent to Germany, becomes a Lutheran, 148;

signs articles of capitulation of Copenhagen, 149;

resumes government of the duchies and demands electoral diet, 195;

elected king by diet in Jutland, 211;

besieges Lübeck, 211;

proclaimed king, 212;

defeats the Lübeckers, 213;

invests Copenhagen, 213;

visits Sweden, 213;

receives surrender of Copenhagen, 215;

enters the city, 216;

consults the leading men, 216;

introduces representation of the people, 218;

invites Pomeranus to organize the new church, 221

Christina, duchess of Milan, sought in marriage by Henry VIII., viii. 174;

the match conditionally sanctioned by Charles V., 175;

the treaty broken off, 175

Christopher, son of duke Ulrich, of Würtemberg, birth and early life of, ii. 108;

saved from the Turks, 108;

at diet of Augsburg, 109;

his project, 109;

follows Charles V. to Italy, 110;

his escape, 110;

protected by duke of Bavaria, 111;

claims Würtemberg, 111;

his character and protectors, 112, 142;

his claim considered by Francis I. at Avignon, 216;

his intercourse with Du Bellay at Augsburg, 217;

his supporters, 218;

his cause won, 220;

returns to Würtemberg, 253;

won to the Reformation, 255

Chrysostom, cited, ii. 18; iv. 46

Church and State, separate spheres of, distinguished by Bonivard, i. 158;

separation of, in Geneva, advocated by dukes of Savoy, 241;

confusion of two provinces, ii. 352;

conflict of, in England, iv. 60, 88, 307;

the church made department of the state by Henry VIII., v. 24;

three kinds of relation between, 28;

twofold enfranchisement, 250;

separate existence of, 406; vi. 353, 354;

difference between Berne and Geneva about, 371;

relation of, at Geneva, vii. 78 sqq.;

Melanchthon's view of, questioned, viii. 157

Church, the true, iv. 124

Church Government, views of Bucer and Melanchthon, ii. 267, 268;

church in transition, iii. 328

Clarenbach, Adolph, preaches in Guelderland, vii. 525;

burnt at Cologne, 526

Claude, pastor of Ollon, iii. 302

Claude de Genève, proscribed by the bishop, iii. 439

Clement VII., Pope, i. 239, 261, 266;

authorizes persecution of Lutherans in France, 331;

approves treaty between Charles V. and Francis I., 337, 402;

thwarts Henry VIII., ii. 103;

French embassy to, 105;

alarmed, 106;

at Bologna, 142;

opposed to a general council, 143;

conference with Charles V., 144;

reasons for inaction, 145;

a disciple of Machiavelli, 146;

'moves softly', 146;

agrees to marriage of Catherine de' Medici with Henry duke of Orleans, 149;

promises an Italian state to Francis I., 149;

refuses to marry Catherine to Sforza, 153;

asks Francis I. for full powers for marriage contract, 153;

receives them, 155;

altercation with Charles, 156;

joins the Italian League, 162;

leaves Bologna, 164;

agrees to meet Francis I., 164;

announces marriage contract of Catherine to the cardinals, 185;

obstacles raised to his journey to France, 186 sqq.;

makes up his mind to go, 188;

opinions about the voyage, 190;

arrives at Marseilles, 191;

the Latin address to him, 193;

his promises to Francis, 194;

publishes bull against heretics, 194;

officiates at marriage of Catherine de' Medici, 195;

departs for Rome, 197;

failing health, 197;

declines to help King Ferdinand, 250;

alarmed at progress of Philip of Hesse, 253;

appealed to for help by duke of Savoy, 393;

his attainments, and perplexity, 395;

grants subsidy to the duke, 396;

a grace to Geneva, 433;

publishes another, 434;

publishes a Jubilee, 460;

commands bishop of Geneva to return, iii. 424;

meets Charles V. at Bologna, iv. 22;

troubled about English embassy, 23;

his brief to Henry VIII., 24;

gives audience to English ambassadors, 25;

puts off Cranmer, 28;

nominates him grand almoner, 43;

English address to him, 43;

proposes bigamy to Henry VIII., 44;

calls upon him to take back Catherine, 87;

conferences with Charles V., 117;

sends bulls for inauguration of Cranmer as primate, 121;

again suggests bigamy to Henry VIII., 125;

goes to Bologna, 126;

conferences with Charles V. about divorce of Henry VIII., 126;

murmurs against, in England, 127;

issues brief of excommunication against Henry, 128;

annuls Cranmer's sentence, 138;

cites Henry to appear at Rome, 164;

revokes proceedings of English courts and excommunicates the king, 164;

meeting with Francis I., 167;

creates four French cardinals, 169;

Henry's appeal to a council presented to him by Bonner, 170;

his wrath, 171;

conversation with Francis I., 172;

rejects the appeal, 173;

threatens Bonner, 173;

accord with Francis I., 177;

consents to a council, 176;

holds a consistory, 181;

promises condemnation of Henry VIII., 182;

disquieted, 183;

appeal of Geneva to, 340;

death of, 354;

alarmed by spread of Lutheranism in Italy, 410; v. 3, 22, 48;

sends Cardinal Cajetan into Hungary, vii. 351;

writes to F. Frangipani to support Catholic faith in Hungary, 369;

co-operates with Charles V. in persecution in the Netherlands, 509;

his brief to the bishop of Liége, 509;

issues new species of indulgences, 512;

alliance with Charles V. at Barcelona, 524

Cleyne, Martin van, vii. 547

Clifford, Lord, holds Skipton Castle for the king, v. 209

Cloet, Jerome, vii. 549, 550;

arrested, 556

Clotilda, wife of Clovis, i. 9

Clovis, conversion of, i. 9

Cochlaeus, writes to James V. of Scotland against circulation of the New Testament, vi. 91, 92;

invited to Denmark, declines to go, vii. 161, 162;

papal delegate at Ratisbon, viii. 102

Coiffard, ii. 51

Coligny, iii. 3

Colladon Family, The, Calvin's friendship with, ii. 27

College of Navarre, Paris, the priests' comedy performed, ii. 174;

search of police for author, 179;

arrest of the actors and the head of the College, 179

Colonna, Vittoria, friend of Valdez, iv. 465

Comet, apparition of a, iii. 313; iv. 187

Commons, House of, its petition to Henry VIII., iv. 10 sqq.;

the bishops called upon to answer it, 12

Communal liberties, destroyed by princes and bishops, i. 111

Communion, frequent, recommended by Calvin, vi. 285

Compey, Philibert de, proscribed, iii. 439, 457

Conciliation, needful, iii. 196

Confession of Faith, prepared by Farel and Calvin, vi. 282;

questions as to its authorship, 284;

adopted by Council of Geneva, 289

Confession, Auricular, in England, demanded by some of the bishops, rejected by Henry VIII., viii. 190

Conscience, rights of, iii. 1, 2

Constance, Council of, i. 19; ii. 245

Contarini, Gaspare, Cardinal, iv. 366;

ambassador to Charles V. at diet of Worms, 484;

senator of Venice, 484;

ambassador to the Pope, 484;

at coronation of Charles V., 485;

joins Oratory of Divine Love, 485;

created cardinal, 485;

his views of church reform, 487 sqq., 490;

at diet of Ratisbon, vii. 25;

advises a reference to a council, 38

Conversion, i. 399, 401

Convocation of the clergy, in England, at St. Paul's, v. 180;

division and strength of parties, 181;

Latimer's sermon, 181 sqq.;

lay element, 184;

denunciation of the mala dogmata, 185;

Alesius admitted, 188;

refused admission, 190;

character of Convocation, 190;

accepts the king's Articles of Religion, 195;

remedial measures passed, 196;

dissolved by the king, 197;

declares for divorce of Anne of Cleves, viii. 231, 232;

discussion about translation of the Bible, 256, 257

Cop, Nicholas, Professor, visits Calvin, ii. 52, 53;

intercourse with Calvin, 93;

rector of the Sorbonne, 180;

his speech on the priests' comedy, 180, 181;

delivers address on 'Christian Philosophy', 200;

its effect, 202 ;

his heresies laid before the parliament, 202;

his defence, 203;

summoned before parliament, 206;

goes in state, 206;

is warned and returns home, 207;

escapes to Switzerland, 208;

intercourse with Calvin, iii. 160

Copenhagen, surrenders to King Frederick vii., 149;

Diet of, 171;

methods of procedure of the two parties, 172;

the Lutheran Confession, 172, 174;

charges of the prelates, 177;

reply of Evangelicals, 177;

a public discussion rejected by the prelates, 178;

appeal of the Evangelicals to the king, 180;

Master Mathias, 181;

success of the pastors, 182;

iconoclasts, 183;

popular rising for liberation of Tausen, 201;

entered by the Lübeckers, 208;

besieged by army of Christian III., 213;

state of the city, 214;

capitulates, 215;

entered by the king, 216;

the university reorganized by Pomeranus, 222

Coppet, conference at, v. 341

Coppin, one of the Spirituals, iii. 77

Cordier, Mathurin, at College of La Marche, i. 382;

influences Calvin, 383;

influenced by him, 384;

flies from Paris, iii. 124;

teaches in schools of Geneva, vi. 296;

banished, 467

Cornelis, Giovanni, sets out for Wittenberg, iv. 415;

arrested, 416

Cornou, Jean, burnt, iv. 364

Cornu, Pierre, Cordelier, ii. 135

Cortesi, Gregorio, iv. 482

Cotta, Otto Melia, joins in plot against Paleario, iv. 440, 441;

one of a deputation to archbishop of Siena, 444;

at trial of Paleario, 447

Council, General, demanded by Charles V., opposed by Clement VII., ii. 143 sqq.;

rejected by Clement, 157;

reasons pro and con, 157;

called for by the cardinals, 254

Council, Lay, proposed by Francis I., ii. 158;

would constitute a revolution, 158;

rejected by Charles V., 160;

arrangement at council of Trent, 160

Council of Halberds, i. 287 sqq.

Courault, appointed to preach in Paris, ii. 117;

his preaching, 118;

confined by the king's order, 125;

forbidden to preach, 228, 229;

burning of, demanded by Beda, 231;

set free, 234;

opposes the placards, iii. 95;

arrested, 113;

before the king, 117;

sent to a convent, escapes to Switzerland, 125;

meets Calvin at Basel, 164;

reports the prosecution, 164;

urges acceptance of Calvin's Confession by all the Genevese, vi. 292;

attends synod of Lausanne, 313;

forbidden to preach, 377;

preaches at St. Peter's, 381, 382;

arrested and imprisoned, 382;

a protest against his imprisonment, 383;

bail refused, 384;

banished, 403, 407;

leaves Geneva, 409;

takes refuge at Thonon, 412;

his death, 448

Courtelier, Father, sent to Geneva, iv. 246;

submits his doctrines to the council, 246;

his sermon, 247;

interview with Farel, 250;

his preaching compared with Farel's, 257;

gives evidence against Maisonneuve, 297, 298

Coverdale, Miles, iv. 2;

account of, v. 197;

his Bible, 198;

the king's sanction to it refused, 198;

accompanies Grafton to Paris, to prepare new edition of Tyndale's Bible, viii. 177 [Grafton]

Coxe, Leonard, gets John Fryth liberated, iv. 141, 142

Cracow, Luther's doctrines introduced at, vii. 430

Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of Canterbury, presents to Henry VIII. his treatise on the king's marriage, iv. 23;

ambassador to the pope at Bologna, 23;

his audience put off, goes to Rome, 28;

nominated grand almoner by the pope, 43;

sent to Nürnberg, 114;

intercourse with Osiander, 114;

marries, 116;

negotiates with Elector of Saxony, 116;

with imperial chancellor, 116;

selected by the king for primate, hesitates, 117;

goes to Italy, attends meeting of the pope and the emperor, 117;

returns to England, 118;

objection to the primacy, 119;

consents, 121;

sends the pope's bulls to the king, 121;

his protest, 121;

consecrated, 122;

takes the oath, 122;

energy and weakness, 123;

papal order interred at his consecration, 124;

his letter to the king, 131;

a second, 132;

receives royal licence, 132;

his court at Dunstable, Henry VIII. and Catherine summoned, 133;

pronounces divorce of the king and queen, 134;

declares marriage of Henry and Anne Boleyn lawful, 135;

his sentence annulled by the pope, 138;

appointed one of Fryth's judges, 151;

wishes to save him, 151, 159;

detects imposture of Maid of Kent, v. 15;

leader of evangelical party, 22, 46;

his explanation of royal supremacy, 50, 51;

his character, 53, 54;

proposes translation of the Bible, 55;

a compromise, 55;

proceeds with the task, 56;

visitation of London and Winchester, 57;

his sermon at visitation of Canterbury, 85, 98, 99;

intercedes for Princess Mary, 111;

his communications with Queen Anne, 120, 130;

hears of the queen's arrest, 142;

writes to the king, 143;

his false conscience, 144;

the charges laid before him, 145;

declares null the marriage of the king with Anne Boleyn, 160, 184, 186, 190;

signs the king's Articles of Religion, 195;

suggests remedial measures, 196;

his cowardice and submission to the king, 226;

asks permission for Tyndale's Bible to be sold, 227;

baptizes Edward (VI.), viii. 141, 146;

urges union with German Protestants, 153;

conference with German envoys, 154;

presses them to delay their return, 155;

has a conference with Lambert, 165;

condemns his views, 166;

at Lambert's trial, 170;

speaks against the Six Articles, 183;

retains his see, 184;

courted by the king, 185, 186;

a banquet, 186;

necessary to the king, 186;

difficulty of filling his place, 186;

his Bible published, 205;

writes to the king in behalf of Cromwell, 212, 213;

absents himself from parliament on the reading of bill of attainder, 218;

consents with Convocation to divorce of Anne of Cleves, 231;

his provision for education of ministers set aside, 236;

conspiracy against him, 241;

accused to the king, 243;

interview with him, 244, 245;

receives the king's ring, 245;

summoned before the council, presents the ring, 246;

formally reconciled with the lords, 247;

embarrassed by disclosures of Lascelles against the queen, 248;

reports them to the king, 249;

sent with Norfolk to examine the queen, 250;

receives her confession, 250;

in favor, 256;

introduces a Bill for the Advancement of Religion, 260;

its absurdities, 260;

obtains modification of Six Articles, 261;

revises the King's Book, 261;

plot of bishops and priests against him, 263;

interview with the king, 263;

acquitted by the commission, 264;

pleads for Marbeck, 266;

interview with the king on his death-bed, 307

Crawar, Paul, burnt at St. Andrews, vi. 5

Crespin, John, goes with Juan Diaz to Geneva, viii. 101

Crocus, Cornelius, account of, vii. 532;

undertakes to write against Luther, 531;

writes against Sartorius, 533

Crome, Dr., forbidden to preach, viii. 240;

his falls and recovery, 272

Cromwell, Sir Richard, commissioner for visitation of monasteries, v. 84

Cromwell, Thomas, iv. 37;

presents to the king Tyndale's Practice of Prelates, 53;

writes to Vaughan, 57;

suggests attempt to gain Fryth, 59;

his expedient for making the king supreme over the clergy, 61;

announces it to Convocation, 62;

demands recognition of royal supremacy, 63;

character of, 87;

advises abolition of papal power in England, 87;

in advance, 89;

sends the Maid of Kent to the Tower, v. 15;

Protestant leader, 23, 46;

visits More and Fisher in the Tower, 64;

advises abolition of the monasteries, 81;

named vicegerent and vicar-general for visitation of churches and monasteries, 82;

his commissioners, 84;

lays the Black Book before parliament, 95, 98, 139, 161, 184;

his position at Convocation, 184, 186;

invites Alesius to attend, 186, 188;

signs the king's Articles of Religion, 195;

made lord privy seal, and vicegerent in ecclesiastical matters, 197;

his instructions to the priests, 197;

his efforts in behalf of Tyndale, 219, 221, 226;

his report on birth of Edward VI., viii. 141;

presents works of Bullinger to the king, 146;

arrests Bishop Sampson, summons him before him, 162;

his interview with Lambert, 172;

extols the king, 173;

resolves to issue another edition of the Bible, 176;

orders seizure of the presses, types, &c., at Paris, 178;

his Bible completed, 178;

sanctions the Six Articles, 182;

quarrels with Norfolk, 185;

his aims, 192;

recommends Anne of Cleves to the king, 193;

conversations with the king, 196, 197;

blamed by Henry, 197;

his desire to have the Gospel preached, 201;

his measures, 206;

his speech in Parliament, 206;

his promotions, 207;

created Earle of Essex, 207;

his possessions, 207;

his fiscal measures, 208;

a note from the king, 208;

accused of treason and sent to the Tower, 209;

the charges against him, 210;

the real aim of his enemies, 211;

bill of indictment against him, 214;

denies alleged alliance with Pole, 215;

bill of attainder adopted, 216;

his alarm and distress, 216;

his letter to the king, 217;

the bill passed, 218;

renewed examinations, 218;

again writes to the king, 219;

anxiety for his family, 220;

his last days, 221;

his confession and prayer, 222-224;

his execution, 224;

his character, 224

Culdees, the, their influence in Scotland, vi. 4, 5

Culpeper, viii. 253;

beheaded, 254

Culverins, Prior Bonivard's, i. 47;

claimed by duke of Savoy, 48

Curione, Celio Secundo, birth and early life of, iv. 413, 414;

reads Luther, Melanchthon, and Zwinglius, 414;

sets out for Wittenberg, 415;

arrested, 416;

placed in a monastery, 416;

puts the Bible in place of relics, 417;

escapes to Milan, 418;

his philanthropy, 418;

marries, 418;

returns to Piedmont, 418;

defends Luther against Dominican preacher, 420;

again imprisoned, 420;

harshly treated, 421;

prison thoughts, 422;

escapes, 423;

teaches at Pavia, 424;

attempts to seize him baffled, 425;

escapes to Ferrara, 425

Curtet, Aimé, appointed syndic of Geneva, iv. 242

Curtet, Castellan of Chaumont, burnt at Annecy, vi. 486

Curtet, Jean Ami, attempt to murder him, iii. 459; iv. 186

Cyriaci, Martin, goes to study at Wittenberg, vii. 347;

returns to Leutschau, 355

D'Adda, Stephen, iv. 232, 233

Dalecarlians, The, demand banishment of Lutherans, vii. 277;

declare for the pretender 'Nils Sture', 278;

treat with Gustavus, 297;

revolt suppressed, 297

Danès, Pierre, ii. 51;

cited, 59;

at Council of Trent, 65;

accused by Beda, 230

Daniel, Francis, Calvin a visitor in his family, ii. 8, 9;

his sister a nun, 52, 57;

his views for Calvin, 84;

asks for Bibles, 87, 93;

Calvin's letter to, iii. 8

—, Robert, ii. 58

Daniel of Valence, at Waldensian synod, iii. 255;

refuses to sign the new confession, 259;

goes to Bohemia, 260

Danish New Testament, published by Michelsen, vii. 145, 146

Dantzic, beginning of reformation at, vii. 424, 425;

opposition, 425;

toleration established, 426;

Romish worship abolished, 427;

invites Pomeranus, 427;

Hanstein sent, 428;

Catholic deputation to King Sigismund, 428;

his severity, 429;

preaching of Klemme, 429

Darcy, Lord, head of Catholic league, v. 202;

joins insurgents of Yorkshire, 206;

at Pomfret Castle, 209;

on the march southward, 210, 211;

executed, 213

Dates, coincidence of, iii. 131

Dauphiny, i. 349, 359; iii. 123

'Day of the Ladders,' ii. 384

De Bresse, i. 116

De Chalans, René, Count, Marshal of Aosta, ii. 405, 406, 408;

his hostility to the Lutherans, v. 449

De Cornibus, Pierre, invited to disputation at Geneva, v. 259

De Glautinis, accompanies Farel to Granson, iii. 235;

preaches, 238;

insulted by monks, 238

De la Croix, Father Laurent, condemned as heretic at Geneva, ii. 235;

preaches in France, 236;

at Lyons, 236;

visits the prisons, 237;

escapes discovery, 237;

his Easter preaching, 240;

arrested and condemned to death, 240;

removed to Paris, 241;

before the parliament, tortured, 242;

condemned to be burnt, 243;

his degradation, 243;

martyrdom, 244

De la Fosse, (Barnabas Voré), sent to invite Melanchthon to France, iv. 358, 362, 365;

importance of his mission, 373, 374;

visits Melanchthon, 375, 378 sqq.

De la Mare, Stephen, Genevese envoy with Hugues to Friburg, i. 140;

elected syndic, 149;

interview with the bishop of Geneva, 186, 187, 206;

at general council, opposes Swiss alliance, 307;

goes to Switzerland with Mamelukes to break it off, 313;

appointed pastor at Geneva, vi. 414;

charges against him, vii. 4

De la Mouille, William, ii. 316, 362

De la Place, Pierre, iii. 14, 44, 47, 48, 50

De la Tour, Sieur, martyrdom of, with his servant, i. 414

Delorme, watches Maisonneuve at the tournament, iv. 226

Democracy, i. 320

Denia, Marquis of, keeper of Queen Joanna, viii. 128, 136, 137, 138

Denis, a Christaudin, i. 427;

his reconversion attempted by Briçonnet, 428;

burnt, 429

Denmark, beginning of the Reformation in, vii. 120 sqq.;

union of Calmar, 121;

the crown offered to Frederick, duke of Holstein, 137;

accepted by him, 142;

Michelsen's translation of New Testament introduced, 146;

assembly of the council at Copenhagen, 153;

its resolutions against Lutherans and Lutheran books, 153;

progress of the Reformation in, 160;

alarm of the bishops, 161;

agitation, Diet of Odensee, 162 sqq.;

demands of nobles and priests, 164;

the royal ordinance, 165;

submission of the prelates, 165;

Diet of Copenhagen, 171 sqq.;

progress of the Gospel, 182;

death of Frederick, 193;

interregnum, intrigues of the priests, 195;

Electorial Diet opened, 196;

demands of the bishops, 196, 197;

the compact published, 198;

the election adjourned, 199;

edict for prosecution of Lutherans, 205;

polemical publications, 206;

invasion of the Lübeckers, 208;

Christian II. restored, 208;

assembly of the Diet in Jutland, 209;

proclamation of Christian III., 211;

surrender of Copenhagen, 215;

arrest of the bishops, 217;

first representation of the people in the Diet, 218;

charges against the bishops, 219;

the compact signed, 220;

the bishops excluded from the Diet, the Reformation established, 220;

the bishops liberated, 220;

constitution of evangelical church promulgated, 223;

separation of Sweden from, 265

Denny, Sir A., viii. 307

De Pesmes, Percival, iii. 366, 368, 376;

bears the banner of Geneva, 378, 379, 407, 411; iv. 207, 312;

escapes from Geneva, 316

De Prangins, Sire de Rive, Governor of Neuchâtel, v. 323;

forbids departure of auxiliaries for Geneva, 323;

orders the men to return home, 325

Derham, Francis, viii. 248, 250, 252;

hung, 253

D'Erlach, Sieur, Swiss envoy to Geneva, i. 154;

his speech, 154;

leads Swiss army to Geneva, ii. 424;

envoy with Nagueli to duke of Savoy, v. 361

Desbois, Jean, appointed to examine Berthelier, i. 192;

passes sentence of death on him, 195

Des Fosset, iii. 75

De Simieux, sent to Geneva to hunt up charge against Maisonneuve, iv. 291

Devay, Mathias Biro, his birth and early life, vii. 367;

conversion, 367;

goes to study at Wittenberg, 367;

returns to Hungary, 372;

his sympathy with Melanchthon, his completeness, 372, 373;

pastor at Buda, 373;

removes to Kaschau, 374;

successful labors, 374;

denounced to King Ferdinand, 375;

seized and carried off by the bishop of Eger's agents, 375;

harshly treated in prison, 375;

cited before Bishop Faber, 376;

liberated, goes to Buda, 376, 377;

imprisoned by Zapolya, 377;

set at liberty, 378;

received by Count Nadasdy, at Sarvar, 378;

replies to Szegedy, 379;

visits Melanchthon at Wittenberg, 379;

at Basel publishes his works, 381;

returns to Hungary, 381;

his Grammar, 382;

his preaching, 382;

driven away by Turkish invasion, 391;

at Wittenberg, 391;

goes to Switzerland, 392;

becomes acquainted with Calvinism, 394;

returns to Hungary, 394;

pastor and dean at Debreczin, 397

De Veigy, canon of Geneva, his mission to duke of Savoy, ii. 351;

expelled from Geneva, 351;

examines Farel, iii. 288;

commands one of the bands against Lutherans, 378;

charged to burn out the Lutherans, 388; iv. 218

Deventer, envoys of Charles V. sent to inquire after Lutherans, refused admission, vii. 536

De Versonay, Marin, account of, iii. 411;

incites to conflict, 412

De Versonex, F., v. 309

De Vio, Cardinal, protests against preaching of Occhino, iv. 467

Diana of Poitiers, iv. 355

Diaz, Alonzo, informed of his brother Juan's heresy, viii. 106;

goes to Ratisbon, 107;

consults with Malvenda, 107;

their schemes for finding Juan, 108;

finds him, 108;

takes leave, 110;

returns, murders Juan, 111;

flies to Innspruck, 111

Diaz, Juan, account of, viii. 100;

his conversion and friendships, 101;

goes to Geneva, 101;

visits Strasburg, 101;

delegate with Bucer to conference of Ratisbon, 102;

meets with Malvenda, 102;

resists his endeavors to win him back to the Pope, 103-105;

leaves Ratisbon, 109;

at Neuburg, 109;

visited by his brother Alonzo, 109;

declines to go to Rome, 110;

murdered by Alonzo, 111

Diaz, Peter, viii. 36

Diesbach, John of, commands Swiss auxiliaries at Pavia, iv. 321;

his widow seeks intervention of Berne, 322

Diesbach, Nicholas of, avoyer of Berne, iv. 321

Diesbach, Rodolph of, envoy to Court of France, iv. 322;

account of, 322;

pleads for Maisonneuve and Janin, 322;

succeeds, 328;

delivers them up to Genevese authorities, 329;

with Nägueli, envoy to duke of Savoy, v. 361

Diesbach, Louis of, Bernese ambassador to Pays de Vaud, v. 340;

at conference of Coppet, 340, 341, 343, 345;

seized by Savoyards and released, 350;

at Geneva, 355

Diesbach, Sebastian of, head of Swiss embassy to Geneva, i. 313;

again, ii. 391;

reports failure, 392;

deputy to Geneva, 445;

again, 449;

again, advocates religious liberty, iii. 428;

advises consent to episcopal citation, 453;

head of Bernese embassy to Geneva, iv. 215;

demands a disputation between Furbity and the reformers, 216;

at the tournaments, 218 sqq.;

colloquy with Furbity, 220;

demands his punishment, 221

Diplomacy, v. 339

Dispensations, papal, abolished in England, iv. 180

Dobszynski, writes in praise of Wycliffe, vii. 422

Dominicans, at Geneva, their vices, i. 44, 236; iv. 200;

compared with Franciscans, 245

Dort, beginning of Reformation at, vii. 485;

complaint of Dominicans, 486;

reply of Henry of Nassau, 486

Douglas, Gavin, competition for see of St. Andrews, vi. 10

Douglas, Sir George, guardian of James V., vi. 24;

discovers flight of the king, 73;

joins English army against the Scots, 138;

returns to Scotland, 158;

reinstated in his honors and estates, 161;

imprisoned, liberated, 184;

at the preaching of Wishart, 193

Doullon, Nicholas, martyrdom of, i. 393, 394

Du Bellay, Jean, bishop of Paris, Cardinal, ii. 50, 65, 74, 75;

appoints two evangelical monks to preach in Paris, 117;

warns the king of danger, 126, 134, 150, 152, 183;

delivers Latin address to the pope at Marseilles, 193;

ordered to persecute heretics, 196;

closes the churches, 228;

takes part in preparing French version of the reformers' opinions, 284, 287; iii. 135; iv. 4, 7;

his efforts at mediation between England and the pope, 177;

awaits success, 181;

pleads with the consistory for delay, 181;

his ancestry, 356;

driven from France, 357;

at head of moderate Catholic party, 357;

advises the king to invite Melanchthon to France, 357;

created cardinal, 362;

ambassador to Rome, 365;

writes to Melanchthon, 365, 368;

interview with English envoys at Bologna, v. 4

Du Bellay, William, views of, ii. 95;

desires union of France and Germany, 95;

ambassador to Germany, 95;

at Schweinfurth, 97;

proposals to the Protestants, 99;

addresses the landgrave of Hesse, 100;

concludes agreement with Protestants, 102;

sent to England, 102;

negotiates alliance between Francis I. and Henry VIII., 103;

supports Christopher of Würtemberg, 112, 151;

his project of a lay council, 159 sqq.;

quoted, 162;

hopes of reformers fixed on him, 183;

opposes publication of bull against heretics, 194;

a friend of freedom, 215;

explains transition from Marseilles to Avignon, 216;

ambassador to Diet of Augsburg, 216;

negotiates with the Swiss Protestants, 217;

supports Christopher at Augsburg, 218 sqq.;

in Germany, 220;

negotiates with Philip, landgrave of Hesse, 222;

opposed by Luther and Melanchthon, 222;

has interview with Bucer at Strasburg, 246;

returns to Paris, 246;

estimate of Melanchthon, 246;

hopes, 253, 257, 260, 263, 282;

takes part in preparing French version of reformers' opinions, 284;

submits it to the Sorbonne, 285, 287;

his estimate of Bucer, iii. 67;

ambassador in England, takes gifts for Francis I., iv. 39;

his ancestry, 356;

character, 356;

advises the king to invite Melanchthon to France, 357, 362;

letter to Melanchthon, 366, 367;

envoy to Smalcalde, 394;

has audience of Elector John Frederick, 395;

received by German princes and deputies, 396;

demands a congress, 397;

a consultation held, 398 sqq.;

receives reply of the princes, 404, 405;

failure of his mission, 405

Du Bourg, John, iii. 72;

arrested, 112;

his martyrdom, 120

Du Châtel, Pierre, ii. 65;

opposes persecution, iii. 113

Duchemin, Nicholas, character of, ii. 1;

Calvin in his house, 2, 7, 9;

appointed ecclesiastical judge, v. 436

Du Crest, Nicholas, premier syndic of Geneva, iii. 364, 374;

takes part in consultation for peace, 395;

envoy to Berne, 402;

fails, 405; iv. 190, 200;

searches the bishop's palace, 235, 255;

escapes from Geneva, 316

Dumont, syndic of Geneva, deputy to the bishop, i. 460

Dumoulin, [Alexander Canus]

Dunbar, Gawin, archbishop of Glasgow, chancellor of Scotland, with the primate and other prelates placed at the head of the government, vi. 74;

deprives the nobles of their jurisdiction and sets up a College of Justice, 85;

presides at prosecution of Kennedy and Russel, 121;

intimidated by agents of Beatoun, condemns them, 122;

threatened by James V., 125;

becomes chancellor, 162;

opposes the law giving freedom to read the Bible, 162;

takes possession of church at Ayr, to prevent Wishart preaching, 187

Duncan, Andrew, captured by the English at Flodden, vi. 9;

attempts rescue of Patrick Hamilton, 59;

captured by Beatoun's troops and banished, 59

Dunkeld, bishop of, counsels peace, vi. 16;

with other prelates placed at head of the Government, 74;

his interview with Thomas Forrest, 104

Dunstable, Cranmer's court at, iv. 133 sqq.

Duprat, Cardinal, i. 342, 346, 360, 400, 409;

character and position, 410;

sides with Rome, 411;

at synod of Paris instigates persecution of Lutherans, 415;

appeals to Francis I., 416;

his ambition and aggrandisement, 417;

his quarrel with the parliament of Paris, 417;

combines with the parliament against Lutherans, 417, 429; ii. 33, 67, 120;

sent to Paris to stop intrigues of the Sorbonne, 126;

arrests Le Picard, 127;

his spies, 128;

summons the priests, 128;

the doctors of the Sorbonne, 128, 212, 218; iii. 113, 115

Dutch New Testament, published, vii. 501;

Old Testament, 517;

the whole Bible, 517

Duvillard, J., appointed syndic of Geneva, iv. 242

Eck, Dr., at Diet of Ratisbon, vii. 25;

declines invitation to Denmark, 162

Edinburgh, entered by Lord Hertford and English army, vi. 184;

pillaged and burnt, 184

Edward VI., King of England, proposal for his marriage with Mary Queen of Scots, vi. 157;

the treaty concluded, 165;

frustrated, 171;

his birth, viii. 141;

created Prince of Wales, 141;

hopes excited by his birth, 143

Egidius, John, preacher at Seville, viii. 22, 23;

his scholastic sermons, 23;

his interview with Valerio, 24;

conversion, 24, 25;

his evangelical preaching, 26;

interview with Ponce de la Fuente and Vargas, 27, 28;

division of labor with them, 29;

opposition aroused, 31;

loses his two friends, 34, 35;

schemes of his enemies, 35

Egmont, Nicholas van, inquisitor in the Netherlands, vii. 491, 493

Ehrard of Nidau, account of, v. 376

Einarsen, Gisser, vii. 228;

sent to Copenhagen, 228;

made bishop of Skalholt, 228;

his death, 229

Einarsen, Morten, elected bishop of Skalholt, taken prisoner by Bishop Aresen, vii. 229

Eliae, Paul, vii. 125;

interpreter of Reinhard, 131;

sent to Odensee, 131;

attacks Reinhard, 132;

preaches against Lutheranism, 147;

attends conference at Copenhagen, 171;

remains silent, 181;

publishes apology for the mass, 182;

draws up plea for the bishops, 206

Eliot, Nicholas [Students, English]

Eliot, Sir Thomas, begs for gift of convents, v. 99

Elizabeth, Queen, birth of, iv. 166;

excitement in London, 166;

commended to care of Parker, v. 133

Elizabeth of Arnex, plots against Farel, iii. 213;

her conversion, 226

Engelbrechtsen, Olaf, archbishop of Brontheim, receives Christian II., vii. 185;

flies to the Netherlands, 223, 224

England, laity and clergy, iv. 1;

Scriptural reformation, 2;

special character of Reformation in, 3, 4;

the Romish and political parties, 5;

the Society of Christian Brethren, 6;

Table-talk, 8;

popular excitement, 8;

petition of the Commons, 10;

reforms of the clergy, 16;

abolition of pluralism, 18, 19;

English address to the pope, 43;

the clergy predominant, 60;

royal supremacy recognized by clergy, 65, 66;

popular agitation, 67;

beginning of persecution, 76;

importance of choice of new primate, 113;

papal authority set aside by parliament, 130;

separation from France, 174;

general movement against papal supremacy, 178;

abolition of papal privileges, 179;

Romish exactions, 179;

the tree lopped, 180;

a critical epoch, v. 1, 2;

people and clergy against Rome, 7;

confusion, 53;

effect of execution of More and Fisher, 75, 76;

general visitation of churches and monasteries ordered, 82;

suppression of lesser monasteries, 96;

advantageous results, 100, 102, 103;

state of parties after Queen Anne's death, 171;

sarcasms against the papacy, 180;

the King's Articles of Religion published, 192;

evangelical reaction, 198;

prosecutions, 200;

insurrection in the North, 202 sqq.;

renewal of, 212;

invasion of, proposed by Paul III., vi. 109;

three parties in, viii. 140;

source and effect of the Reformation in, 140;

relations with Swiss reformers, 143;

various parties, attempt at compromise, 179 sqq.;

the Six Articles, 181 sqq.;

Cranmer's Bible and others published, 205;

Catholic policy on marriage of Henry VIII., with Catherine Howard, 236

Enthusiasts, The, in the Netherlands, vii. 538 sqq. [Spirituals, The]

Enzinas, Francis de [Enzinas, The], returns to Burgos, interview with Peter de Lerma, viii. 41;

desires conversion of Spain, 42;

undertakes translation of New Testament, 43;

his acquaintance with Alasco, 43;

with Hardenberg, 43;

writes to Alasco, 44;

presents his sword to him, 45;

goes to Paris, 45;

attends death-bed of Peter de Lerma, 45;

goes to Wittenberg, 48;

completes his translation of the New Testament, 58;

visits Alasco and Hardenberg, reaches Louvain, 59;

at Antwerp, 59;

opinions on his New Testament, 60;

submits it to the dean of Louvain, 60;

obstacles, 61;

interview with the printer, 62;

with a Dominican, 63;

the title-page criticised, 63;

goes to Brussels, 67;

dedication of his New Testament, 67;

difficulty of access to Charles V., 68, 69;

interviews with Mendoza, 69;

presented to the emperor, 71;

the conversation, 71;

interview with De Soto, 72;

hears his sermon, 74;

interviews with him, 75 sqq.;

excitement in the convent, 78;

arrested, 79;

imprisoned, 79;

his dejection, 79;

consoled by Tielmans, 80;

his examination, 81;

reproached by friends, 82;

reads Calvin and the Psalms, 83;

his numerous visitors, 84;

failure of attempts in his behalf, 85;

resolves to fly, 88;

escapes, 89;

in danger at Mechlin, 90;

reaches Antwerp, 91;

a legend about him, 91;

another tale, 92;

his correspondence with Calvin, 93;

goes to Wittenberg, intercourse with Melanchthon, 94;

counsels his brother to leave Rome, 95;

hears of his death, 97;

writes to Calvin, 98

Enzinas, James de [Enzinas, The], at Paris, viii. 46;

his character, 46;

impressed by heroism of martyrs at Paris, 46;

his Catechism, 48;

sent by his father to Rome, 95;

his dissatisfaction, 95;

resolves to leave Rome, arrested by the Inquisition, 96;

his trial, 97;

his martyrdom, 97 sqq.

Enzinas, John de [Enzinas, The], settles in Germany, viii. 48

Enzinas, The, viii. 38;

sent to Louvain, 39;

their character, 39;

religious disposition, 39;

friendship with Cassander, 40;

study the Bible and read Melanchthon, 41;

[Enzinas, Francis de, James de, and John de]

Eperies, Conference of, vii. 410

Erasmus, i. 331;

approves Berquin's propositions, 344, 378, 403;

attempts to restrain Berquin, 405;

again, 407;

his colloquies proscribed by the Sorbonne, 407;

shrinks from conflict, 408;

writes to Margaret of Angoulême, 412;

advice to Berquin, 432; ii. 1;

warns Francis I., 32, 299; iii. 155;

meeting with Calvin, 156;

breaks with him, 157, 166;

his followers, iv. 349, 454, 455, 458;

laments More, v. 75;

depicts court of Brussels, 222;

the ideal of John Alasco, vii. 434;

receives Alasco as his guest, 437;

his counsels, 438;

his controversy with Luther, 438;

esteem for Alasco, 440, 441;

mourns his departure, 441;

letter to Alasco, 442;

writes to King Sigismund, 448;

his coolness towards Alasco, 450;

friendship with Viglius, 476, 477;

a forerunner of reformation, 485;

assailed by theologians of Louvain, 487;

his opinion of the monks, 491, 517;

read in Spain, viii. 2;

writes to Valerio, 13, 14

Erdoed, Conference of, vii. 409

Erick, king of Sweden, the government resigned to him by Gustavus, vii. 323;

his character, 324;

seeks the hand of the princess Elizabeth of England, 325;

his character and attainments, 325;

instructed in Calvin's principles, 326;

abolishes Catholic rites, opens Sweden to all Protestants, 327;

his madness, 328;

slays Nils Sture, 328;

his flight, 329;

slays Burrey, 329;

escapes from his guards, his wanderings, 329;

taken to Stockholm, 330;

conferences with his brother John, 330;

deprived and imprisoned, 331;

his treatment, 331;

his murder ordered by John III., 336, 337;

his death by poison, 337

Erick, St., Feast of, vii. 332

Eszeky, Emeric, preaches at Tolna, vii. 413;

application of the priests to pasha at Buda against him, 414;

declared free to preach, 414;

establishes a school, 414

Etampes, Duchess of, ii. 184

Europe, awakening of, i. 315

Evangelicals. [Lutherans, England, France, Geneva]

Evangelists, sent out by Calvin, iii. 58;

abuse of, 62

Excommunication, Calvin's view of, vi. 286, 288

Exeter, Marquis of, charged with treason and executed, viii. 152

Faber, John, bishop of Vienna, writes against Luther, vii. 375;

appointed bishop, 376;

cites Devay before him, 376

Fabri, John, Friburg envoy to Geneva, i. 154, 155

Fabri (Chr. Libertet), iii. 161;

joins Farel at Morat, 202;

sent to Neuchâtel, 203;

removes to Bole, 305;

Catholic riot in his chapel, 306;

rising of Protestant peasants, 307;

another riot, 308, 309;

with Viret at Lausanne, vi. 229;

his trials, 270

Facts and Ideas, iii. 409

Faith and Science, iii. 61, 62; vi. 32, 33

Farel, William, i. 2, 305, 317;

at Strasburg, 362 sqq.;

light of France, 370;

invited to La Marche, 372;

his qualifications as reformer, 374;

hesitation, 375;

his connection with family of Mirabeau, 375;

preaches at Gap, 376;

arrested and rescued, 376;

school-master at Aigle, 377, 381, 386; ii. 100, 263, 436;

his perils, 439;

his attention fixed on Geneva, 439;

calls Toussaint to go there, 439;

consulted by evangelicals of Paris, iii. 94;

draws up a protest, 95;

the great evangelist, 199;

development and character, 199;

scene of his labors, 201;

at Morat, joined by Fabri, 202;

preaches at Orbe, 204;

at Avenches, 212;

again at Orbe, riot at his sermon, 212;

plot of women, 213;

assaulted and rescued, 214;

his strange congregation, 216;

another, 217;

sermon on penance, 217;

care for the ministry, 219;

meets with Viret, 221;

their friendship, 224;

the Lord's Supper at Orbe, 227;

invites preachers into Switzerland, 232;

letter to Andronicus, 233 sqq.;

goes to Granson, 235;

rough reception at the convents, 237, 238;

goes to Morat, 238;

imprisoned at Granson, 239;

assailed in a church, 240;

invited to Waldensian synod, 251;

his journey, 253;

the discussions, 255, 257;

resolves to visit Geneva, 261;

reaches Geneva, 275;

consults with Olivétan, 275;

interview with Huguenot leaders, 277 sqq.;

agitation against him, 281;

appears before the town council, 282;

conspiracy against, 285;

summoned before episcopal council, 285;

the examination, 288 sqq.;

tumult, 289;

threats, 291;

assault, 291;

dangers, 292, 293;

banished, 293;

attempt to kill him, 295;

escapes, 297;

at Yvonand, 298;

invites Froment to go to Geneva, 298;

urges Olivétan to translate the Bible, 300;

sent by Bernese to Geneva, iv. 207;

his character, 208, 211;

at the tournament, 217;

disputation with Furbity, 222 sqq., 244, 247, 249;

interview with Father Courtelier, 250;

preaches in the convent at Rive, 253, 257;

domestic trials, 259;

letter to evangelicals of Paris, 259;

presides at first evangelical marriage, 278;

at first evangelical Pentecost, 282;

before the council, 306;

protests against union with popery, 353;

attempt to poison him, v. 246;

promotes a public disputation, 252;

invitations, 256;

interview with Caroli, 261 sqq.;

preaches at the Madeleine, 278;

summoned before the Council, 278;

preaches at the Cathedral, 281 sqq.;

before Council of Two Hundred, 293;

preaches to nuns of St. Claire, 302;

exhorts the council, 364, 366, 408, 409;

calls for a general confession, 410;

asks for help, 418;

meeting with Calvin, 458;

presses him to stay at Geneva, 459 sqq.;

urges the council to retain Calvin, vi. 228;

goes to Lausanne, 229, 237;

his theses at the disputation, 237;

his opening speech, 238;

opposes protest of the canons, 238;

his closing discourse, 256, 259;

his search for pastors, 268, 269;

presents the confession of faith to the Council, 283;

his reverence for Calvin, 295;

made a citizen of Geneva, 297;

his depressed state, 312;

attends synod of Lausanne, 313;

with Calvin at the council, 347;

accompanies him to Berne, 348;

excluded by Berne from colloquies of the Vaudois, 372;

sent to synod of Lausanne, 373;

before the council, 377, 378;

protests against imprisonment of Courault, 383;

with Calvin declines to administer the Supper, 391, 392;

in defiance of prohibition preaches, 396;

a disturbance in the church, 397;

banished, 403, 407;

leaves Geneva, 409;

goes to Berne, 416;

at synod of Zurich, 420 sqq.;

returns to Berne, 426;

interview with Kunz, 427;

with Calvin before the senate, 430;

reconducted to Geneva by Bernese, 431;

banished by vote of general council, 439;

at Berne, 441;

at Basel, 441;

goes to Neuchâtel, 446;

his letter to the Genevese, 455;

urges Calvin to return to Geneva, vii. 22;

edict of expulsion revoked, 43;

deprived and banished from Neuchâtel, 49;

reinstated, 50;

a man of action, 114, 115

Farnese, Alexander [Paul III.]

—, Cardinal sent by the Pope to Charles V. at Ratisbon, vii. 26

Favre, Francis, Genevese deputy to Berne, ii. 307, 348;

assailed by Mamelukes, iii. 449;

envoy to Berne, iv. 309

Felix V. [Amadeus VIII.]

Feray, Claude, vii. 22, 23

Ferdinand, the Catholic, deprives his daughter Joanna of her crown and imprisons her, viii. 127;

assumes the government of Castile, 128;

meeting with Philip, 132;

agreement between them, 132, 133;

his secret protest, 133;

his delegate left with Philip, 134

Ferdinand, of Austria, King of Bohemia and Hungary, ii. 109;

invested with duchy of Würtemberg, 109, 217;

threatened by alliance of Francis I. and Philip of Hesse, appeals to the pope, 249, 250;

his army defeated by Philip, 253;

loses Würtemberg, 255;

attempts to maintain papal power in the duchy, 255;

opposes Zapolya and is crowned King of Hungary, vii. 364;

publishes edict against the Lutherans, 365;

supported by Charles V., 370;

annuls edict of toleration, 370;

less hostile to the Reformation, 384;

appoints a conference between the bishops and Szantai, 384;

his embarrassment, 386;

interview with the bishops, 386, 387;

banishes Szantai, 387;

concludes agreement with Zapolya, 390;

issues ordinance for maintenance of Catholic faith, 399;

another, 400;

his desire for union of the two churches, 408

Ferrara, Hercules, duke of, his marriage at Fontainebleau, i. 418

Ferrara, Renée, duchess, of [Renée of France]

Ferrara, University of, declares for divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 41;

knowledge of evangelical doctrines at, 427, 489;

influence of Calvin at, v. 422 sqq.;

the Inquisition, 444

Feyt, Florentius, Jesuit, sent to Sweden, vii. 333

Fief, Peter du, conducts persecution at Louvain, vii. 554;

remonstrance of the townsmen, 556, 569

Finlason, James, one of the Perth Protestants, condemned by Cardinal Beatoun, vi. 180, 181;

hung, 181

Fisher, John, bishop of Rochester, iv. 4, 5;

defends the church, 16;

summoned before the king, 17;

his subterfuge, 18;

rumor of attempt to poison him, 68, 141;

supports Maid of Kent, v. 10, 12;

attainted, sentenced to death, 16, 17;

refuses to take the oath of supremacy, 46;

attainted, 46;

steadfast, 46;

visited by Cromwell, 64;

made cardinal, 64;

his last moments, 66;

death, 67;

characterised, 74;

effect of his death at Rome, 76

Fitzherbert, Anthony, commissioner for suppression of lesser monasteries, v. 100

Fitzwilliam, Sir William, lord-admiral, iv. 5

Fitzwilliam, Lord, Governor of the Tower, delivers Fryth to messengers of the primate, iv. 153

Flaminio, Marco Antonio, poet, iv. 427;

birth and early life of, 477, 478;

character, 478;

at Naples with Valdez, 479 sqq.;

at Rome, with Pole and Caraffa, 481

Florence, iv. 432

Folengo, Giovanni Battista, account of, iv. 482, 483

Fontainebleau, rejoicings at, i. 418 sqq.;

interrupted, 422

Forest, Father, defends Catherine of Aragon, iv. 103

Forman, Andrew, competitor for see of St. Andrews, vi. 10;

seizes the castle and monastery, 10

Forrest, Henry, Benedictine, imprisoned by Beatoun, vi. 92;

degraded, 93;

burnt, 93

Forrest, Thomas, Augustine, reads the writings of St. Augustine, vi. 103;

priest of Dollar, 103;

denounced, 104;

his interview with the bishop of Dunkeld, 104;

arrested, 116;

examined before the cardinal, 116;

burnt, 118

Fouquet, [Trois-Moutiers, prior of]

Fox, Edward, high almoner, deputed with Gardiner to obtain opinion of Cambridge University on the king's divorce, iv. 29;

with Longland, that of Oxford, 33;

summoned to Windsor, 35;

ambassador to Germany, v. 109;

concludes alliance with the princes, 110;

sent to conduct discussion with Protestants at Wittenberg, 116;

has audience of Elector of Saxony, 117;

his speech at Convocation, 188

France, struggles in, i. 5;

royalty in, 285;

springs of reformation, 316;

state of, 322 sqq.;

after battle of Pavia, 323;

dismemberment of, proposed by Charles V., 325;

persecution of Lutherans in, 332;

proclamation against the Bible in French, Luther's works and doubt, 342;

who will be the reformer of? 369, 378;

councils against heresy, 417, 418;

hopes of reformers, ii. 132;

progress of reform, 183 sqq.;

flight of evangelicals from, 212;

proposal for union with German Protestants, 214;

rival plans of reform, 256;

spirit of liberty in, 286;

evangelization of, begun by Calvin, iii. 55, 58;

progress of the Gospel, 60, 66;

'year of the placards', 92 sqq.;

importance of, iv. 361;

invasion of, by Henry VIII., viii. 267

Francis I., of France, i. 79, 234, 266, 285;

captured at Pavia, 324;

suppliant to Charles V., 325;

at Madrid, 326;

illness, 328;

recovery, 329;

patron of letters, 336;

orders persecution to be stayed, 336;

his abdication, 336;

his contradictory oaths, 337;

treaty with Charles V., 337;

inconsistency, 338;

stops proceedings against Berquin, 344;

returns to France, 352;

refuses permission for Count of Hohenlohe to go into France, 353, 354;

liberates Lutheran prisoners, 358, 359

consents to marriage of Henry d'Albret and Margaret, 378;

his promises to them, 379;

treaty with Charles V., 379;

his attitude towards the Reformation, 402;

arrests Beda, 405;

exasperation against the Sorbonne, 406;

hesitation between Rome and the Reformation, 410, 411;

deaf to appeal of Duprat, 415, 416;

deaf to the priests, 417;

goes to Paris, 422;

investigates case of mutilation of image of the Virgin, 424;

sanctions persecution, 426;

consents to inquiry against Berquin, 432

—, warned by Erasmus, ii. 32;

signs treaty of Cambray, 61;

his children restored, 62, 63, 65;

his marriage and coronation of his queen, Eleanor, 65 sqq.;

the Protestants accused to him, 70;

receives envoy and letter from German Protestant princes, 71;

proposes a council, 72;

hears Lécoq preach, 75;

has secret interview with him, 75;

veers towards reform, 94;

sends Du Bellay to Germany, 95;

and to England, 102;

alliance with Henry VIII., 103;

meets him, complains of the pope, 104;

treaty with Henry, 105;

sends embassy to the pope, 105;

threatens separation from the papacy, 106;

alarm in Europe, 106;

confines heads of both parties in their own houses, 124;

warned by Henry of Navarre and Du Bellay, 126;

receives deputation from Sorbonne, 126;

insults the deputies, 127;

banishes Beda, 130;

sends ambassadors to conference of Bologna, 142, 146;

aims at alliance with Henry VIII. and the pope, 148;

consequences of his scheme, 148;

sends special ambassador to Bologna, 148;

proposes marriage of Henry duke of Orleans with Catherine de' Medici, 149;

claims an Italian state, 149;

hesitation, 154;

sends the pope full powers for the contract, 155;

his policy, 157;

proposes a lay council, 157;

a meeting with Clement arranged, 163;

silences Montmorency accusing Margaret, 177;

orders inquiry on the decision of the Sorbonne, 180;

meets Clement VII. at Marseilles, 192;

his demands, 194;

at marriage of his son with Catherine de' Medici, 195;

orders persecution of heretics, 197;

intrigues with Protestants, 197;

holds a council at Avignon, 214;

his policy in Germany, 216;

goes to Bar-le-Duc, 221;

invites Philip of Hesse to a conference, 224;

discusses affairs of Germany, 224;

desires to see Melanchthon, 225;

concludes treaty with Philip, 226;

returns to Paris, 232;

refuses to burn Roussel and others, 232;

imprisons Beda, 233;

vacillation, 234;

sets free the preachers, 234;

quotes Scripture, 247;

co-operates with Bucer and Du Bellay, 247;

gives audience to waywode of Wallachia, 248;

receives news of Philip's victory, 254;

sends Chelius to Germany, 260;

receives memoirs of German doctors, 264;

holds conferences in the Louvre, 265;

approves Melanchthon's views, 282;

sends envoy to Germany and confesses his mistakes, 283;

orders French version of reformers' opinions, 284;

his tactics, 285;

difference between him and Henry VIII., 295;

leans towards the Reformation, 296;

supports demands of Savoy against Geneva, 390

—, steps towards reformation, iii. 67;

a 'placard' on his door, 106;

his exasperation, 107;

orders search for evangelicals, 107;

returns to Paris, 113;

harsh towards Margaret, 115;

recalls her to Paris, 116;

interview with her preachers, 117;

pardons them, 125;

orders procession of relics, 127;

his penitence, 130;

his speech, 133;

present at torture and death of martyrs, 137, 138, 139;

orders extirpation of Lutherans, 140;

abolishes printing, 140;

his motives, 144;

writes to German princes, 148;

illusions about him, 167;

Calvin's letter to, 182

—, inclines towards Rome, iv. 127, 165, 167;

meeting with Clement VII., 167;

conference with English envoys, 167;

conversation with the pope, 172;

their accord, 174;

attempts mediation between England and the pope, 177;

at Pavia, 321;

appeal of Bernese to, in behalf of Maisonneuve and Janin, 322;

liberates them, 328;

his letter to the syndics of Geneva, 330, 348, 349;

writes to German princes, 351, 354;

inclines to reform, 357;

invites Melanchthon to France, 358;

his letter to Melanchthon, 363;

his sincerity questionable, 364;

publishes amnesty, 368;

instructs Cardinal du Bellay, 368;

proposes a conference between Catholics and reformers, 369;

gives up the scheme, 371;

his political designs, 393;

proposes to write to Elector of Saxony, 394;

his views of reformation set forth by Du Bellay at Smalcalde, 399 sqq.;

plays two parts, 405;

his anger at Carnesecchi, 475

—, proposes interview with Henry VIII., v. 21;

sends embassy to him, 58, 75;

accepts alliance of Charles V., 114;

proposes crusade against Henry, 114;

prepares for war with the emperor, 116;

secretly aids Geneva, 360, 365;

resolves to invade Savoy and the Milanese, 377

—, refuses to deliver up Cardinal Pole to Henry VIII., viii. 150;

expels Pole from France, 159;

opposes marriage of Henry VIII. with duchess of Milan, 174;

proposes marriage of Henry of Orleans with princess Mary of England, 176;

authorizes printing and importation of Bibles by Grafton, 176;

rejoices at Cromwell's fall, 211;

and at persecution of Protestants in London, 240;

pretexts of Henry VIII. for war with, 267;

concludes peace with Charles V., 268

Francis, bishop of Geneva, i. 21, 26, 33

Franciscans, at Geneva, i. 44;

compared with Dominicans, iv. 245

Frangipani, Francisco, vii. 369, 383

Frankfort, Protestant deputies at, ii. 97;

assembly of Protestant Princes at, v. 118;

Conference of theologians at, vi. 473 sqq.;

beginning of reformation at, viii. 317

Frederick, duke of Holstein, forms alliance with Lübeck against Christian II., vii. 136;

his character, 141;

a canon of Cologne, resigns the canonry, 141;

accepts crown of Denmark, 142;

promises not to tolerate Lutherans, 142;

resolves to maintain impartiality, 143;

his edict of toleration, 145;

his son Christian in Germany, 147, 148;

enters Copenhagen, 149;

professes Lutheranism, 149;

his coronation, 154;

liberates Tausen, 155;

convokes diet at Odensee, 162;

his speech, 162, 163;

by his ordinance establishes freedom of conscience, 164;

assembles a conference of the bishops and the Lutherans, 171;

prohibits preaching of the Lutherans, withdraws the prohibition, 173;

his impartiality, 181, 183;

allies himself with German princes, 184;

assembles army and fleet, 186;

imprisons Christian II., 190;

his death, 193;

his character and his family, 194

Frederick the Wise, i. 406;

his reply to the king of Hungary, vii. 349

Fregoso, archbishop of Salerno, made cardinal, iv. 487

Friburg, citizenship of, granted to Genevese patriots, i. 37;

envoys of, at Geneva, protect Berthelier, 84;

another deputation to Geneva, 87;

indignation at refusal of safe-conduct for Berthelier, 87;

Genevese embassy to, demands alliance, 140, 141;

offer of alliance accepted by Geneva, 148, 149;

the duke of Savoy tries to break the alliance, 152;

disturbances, 152;

Fabri sent to Geneva, 154;

the alliance confirmed, 156;

the canons of Geneva declare against it, 159;

deputation sent to Geneva, 169;

alliance renounced by Mamelukes, 179;

sends army to Geneva, 179;

message to the duke, 180;

protects and receives fugitive patriots of Geneva, 275;

promises help, 280;

embassy to Geneva, 281;

arrival of wives and children of exiles, 283;

alliance with Berne and Geneva, 303;

departure of Genevese exiles, 304, 305, 307, 310, 313, 314; ii. 391, 392, 400, 404, 415, 418, 419, 423, 431, 441;

asks help of Geneva, 442;

outrages of Friburgers at Geneva, 444;

demands renunciation of alliance, 449;

alliance maintained, 450;

complains of Lutheran proceedings, 466;

joint-suzerain of Orbe, iii. 205;

deputation from Orbe to, 212;

orders liberation of priests, 231;

with Berne publishes first act of religious liberty in Switzerland, 244;

sends embassy with threats to Geneva, 354;

mediation of Friburg merchants between Catholics and Lutherans, 393;

urges bishop of Geneva to return, 423;

demands satisfaction for Wernli's death, 428;

deputies of, attend the bishop on his return, 432;

rumors of intervention at Geneva, 447;

the deputies demand justice for Wernli's death, 447;

support episcopal citation, 451, 453; iv. 231;

renounces alliance with Geneva, 258

Friesland, religious condition of, vii. 457;

a battle-field of religious parties, 457;

Countess Anna, 461, 463;

John of Falkenberg, 464;

Countess Anna's reply to Alasco, 467;

suppression of Romanism, 467;

disorders, 473

Frobenius, iv. 407

Froment, Christian Anthony, iii. 298;

urged by Farel to go to Geneva, 298, 299, 312, 313;

goes to Geneva, 314;

coldly received, 314;

departs but returns, 315;

advertises his school, 316;

his proceedings, 316;

success, 317;

alarm, 319, 320;

conversion of Claudine Levet, 323;

disputation with Pellier, 331;

ends with a riot, 333;

advised not to preach, 335;

preaches at the Molard, 338;

forbidden by syndics, continues, 341;

interrupted by armed priests, rescued by Bernard, 347;

attempted concealment, 347;

employed as a servant, 348, 350;

attacked and rescued, 351;

goes to Yvonand, 352;

results of his labors at Geneva, 352;

returns to Geneva, iv. 195;

attempts to arrest him, 198;

refutes Furbity, 204;

assailed in the church, rescued by Maisonneuve, 204 sqq.;

leaves Geneva, 206;

returns, 215;

at the tournament, 217;

at first evangelical Pentecost, 282, 330;

attempt to poison him by Antonia Vax, v. 246;

at the disputation, v. 268

'Frondeur', an unhappy, ii. 88;

at Strasburg, 88;

returns to France, 89;

received by Calvin, 89

Fryth, John, sought for by Henry VIII., iv. 59;

married, 59;

account of him, 139;

his true Catholicism, 140;

assists Tyndale, 140;

returns from the Low Countries, 140;

his reply to More and others on purgatory, 141;

in the stocks at Reading, 141;

liberated, goes to London, 142;

his doctrine of the Lord's Supper written down, 143;

a copy treacherously taken to the Chancellor, 143;

leaves London, 143;

Tyndale's letter to, 144;

hunted by More, 144;

arrested, 145;

reads More's reply to him, 146;

writes the Bulwark, 147;

other labors in prison, 147;

some liberty allowed him, 148;

visits Petit, 149;

the bishops bent on his death, 150;

ordered for trial, 151;

his judges, 151;

taken by Cranmer's messengers to Lambeth, 154;

will not step backwards, 154, 155;

the scheme for his escape, 156;

refuses to escape, 158;

his trial at Croydon, 159;

his view of the sacrament, 159;

again sent to the Tower, 160;

his cause transferred to bishop of London, 160;

sentenced to death, 161;

in Newgate, 161;

burnt at Smithfield, 162;

influence of his writings, 162; v. 34

Funeral Procession of the Papacy, at Geneva, ii. 347

Furbity Guy, Dominican, sent to Geneva, iv. 200;

preaches in the Cathedral, 201;

challenges Lutherans, 203;

answered by Froment, 204;

tumult in the church, 204 sqq.;

eulogizes St. Thomas of Canterbury, 207;

watched by city guards, 212;

prevented from leaving Geneva, 213;

appears before the council, will not speak, 217, 218;

his trial demanded by Bernese, 219;

colloquy with Diesbach, 220;

disputation with Farel, 222 sqq.;

visits Pennet in prison, 240;

summoned before the council, 243;

his apologies in the Cathedral, 244;

violently assailed and again imprisoned, 245;

his release requested by Francis I., 330;

liberated, 330;

declines to take part in disputation, v. 266, 267;

liberated, 407, 408

Gabriel Dune, Gardiner's agent against Tyndale, v. 35 sqq.

Gaillard, Castle of, Duke Charles III. at, i. 169

Galle, Peter, champion of the papacy against Olaf Petersen, vii. 274;

discussion with Olaf at Westeraas, 290

Gallican Liberties, ii. 245, 246, 286

Gambara, nuncio, ii. 144

Gardiner, Stephen, deputed to obtain opinion of Cambridge university on the king's divorce, iv. 29, 31, 32;

made bishop of Winchester, 72;

his interviews with Fryth in the Tower, 146;

one of Fryth's examiners, 151;

envoy to Marseilles, 167;

jealousy of Bonner, 168;

resolves on death of Tyndale, v. 35;

his agents, Philips, and Gabriel, 35, 41;

opposes translation of the Bible, 55;

opposes visitation by Cranmer, 57;

opposes alliance with German Protestants, 110;

his reply to Pole, 177;

his policy, his embassy to France, viii. 158;

complains to Granvella of calumnies about himself, 158;

his entry into London, 158;

urges the king to persecution of heretics, 160;

his secret conferences with other bishops, 161;

instigates prosecution of Lambert, 166;

at his trial, 170, 187;

preaches at Paul's Cross instead of Barnes, 202;

brings subject of the king's divorce before Convocation, 231;

reads the judgment, 232;

introduces Catherine Howard to the king, 234;

sent with Norfolk to examine the queen on charges made against her, 250;

his argument for keeping Latin words in English Bible, 256;

takes part in plot against Cranmer, 263;

persecutes evangelicals of Oxford, 264 sqq.;

examines Anne Askew, 278;

gets royal proclamation issued against New Testament and many religious books, 279, 286, 287;

instigates Henry against the queen, 288;

intrigues against her, 289;

with Wriothesley, draws up indictment against her, 290;

in disgrace, appeals to the king, 293;

excluded from number of the king's executors and from the council of regency, 298

Garret, evangelical preacher, viii. 202;

preaches at Paul's Cross, 202;

reprimanded by the king, 204;

committed to the Tower, 204;

burnt at Smithfield, 226-228

Gaudet, Pierre, iv. 284;

settles at Geneva, v. 237;

sets off for Gex, 238;

seized and taken to Peney, 239;

tortured, 240;

his death, 241

Gaudri, Bishop of Laon, slain, ii. 450

Gazzini, Pietro, Bishop of Aosta, ii. 367;

commissioned to seek help of the pope for Duke of Savoy, 393;

his opposition to the Lutherans, v. 449, 450

Geelen, Jan van, 'Spiritual,' excites revolt in Holland, attempts surprise of Amsterdam, viii. 348;

fate of his followers, 349

Geneva, centre of Reformation, i. 1;

characteristics of the movement, 2;

importance of political element, 3;

great things to be studied in small at, 7;

Roman, German, Christian influences combined, 8;

Burgundian conquests, 9;

the gospel first brought to, 10;

its first bishop, 10;

early history and liberties, 11;

Charlemagne at, 11;

the Counts of, 12;

their castles and mode of life, 12;

growth of power of the bishops, 13;

the first prince-bishop, 13;

coveted by House of Savoy, 14;

seizure of the castle by Peter of Savoy, 16;

placed under his guardianship, 16;

attempt of Amadeus V., 17;

the vidamy, 18;

rectors of the city elected, 19;

attempt of Amadeus VIII., 21;

visit of Pope Martin V., 19;

the fair transferred to Lyons, 26;

surrounded by states of Savoy, 27;

renovation preparing, 28;

excitement at, about death of bishop Charles de Seyssel, 29, 30;

entry of the Bastard of Savoy, 38;

settlement of Savoyards in, 41;

given to Savoy by Leo X., 50;

excitement and opposition, 50;

consent of cardinals refused, the bull recalled, 52;

corruption fostered by Philibert the Fair, 58;

assembly of patriots, 69;

terror caused by torture and death of Pécolat, 83;

peril, 86;

Swiss alliance sought, 87;

excommunication riot, 105;

plot of the duke, the bishop, and the count, 111;

agitation caused by deaths of Blanchet and Navis, 124 sqq.;

meeting of the council, 127;

embassy to Duke of Savoy, 128;

critical position of the Republic, 129;

another embassy to the duke and the bishop, 132;

consultation of patriots, 134;

rejection of sealed letter from the bishop, 138;

the Great Council, 138;

conflict of ecclesiastical and secular society in, 139;

fruitless debate on Swiss alliance, 141;

excitement, 142;

reception of ducal embassy, 146;

Swiss alliance carried, 148;

election of Huguenot syndics, 149;

Mameluke organization, 150;

the canons in danger, 159;

surrounded by ducal army, 162;

insolent ducal embassy, 163;

ordered by Swiss Diet to receive the duke, 164;

summoned by Charles III., 165;

reply of the Syndics, 165, 166;

preparations for war, 166;

a truce, 170;

attack of the duke frustrated, 171;

entered by the duke, 174;

distribution of his army, 174;

conquered, 176;

pillaged, 177;

Friburg army at, 180;

the plague, 183;

entered by the bishop, 187;

Mameluke reaction at, 200;

restriction of liberties, 203;

the decrees revoked, 206;

Huguenots recover their liberties, 207;

papal citation, 208;

procession organized by priests, 210;

Pierre de la Baume, prince-bishop, 215;

time of depression, 217;

vanity of the Genevese, 219;

entry of the duke and duchess, 220;

'mystery' performed, 222;

seeming success of Savoyard seductions, 224;

New Testament introduced, 225;

quarrels with Savoyards, 232;

corruption and disorders, 235, 236

agitation caused by seizure of Levrier, 248;

indignation at his execution, 255;

departure of the duke, 256;

vengeance of Savoyard council for assault on Boulet, 261;

election of Huguenot syndics, 263;

appeal of Council to the pope against Savoy, 264;

the delegates stopped by the duke, 266;

appeal withdrawn, 268;

the ducal army near, 269;

enters, 270;

exodus of patriots, 270;

entered by Charles, 279;

about to surrender independence, 280;

Swiss embassy to, 280;

departure of wives and children of exiles, 282;

'council of halberds', 287;

departure of the duke, 289;

mission of Lullin, 290;

justification of the fugitives, 290 sqq.;

return of the bishop, 297;

election of Huguenot syndics, 301 sqq.;

old constitution restored, 302;

Swiss alliance concluded, 304;

return of exiles, 304;

Council, 305;

General Council, 307 sqq.;

gleams of reformation, 310;

conspiracy of canons, 311;

flight of Mamelukes, 312;

Swiss embassy, 313;

alliance sworn, 313;

rejoicings, 314

—, the new situation, ii. 302;

the castles, 303;

traders, 303;

measures of defence, 306;

deputation to Berne, 307;

immoralities, 318;

project of the duke against, 322;

warnings, 323;

delivered from the canons, 325, 326;

the bishop made a citizen, 328;

civil jurisdiction conceded, 328;

new party forms, 333;

immorality attacked, 334;

claim and threats of the duke, 338;

flight of the bishop, 340;

constitution formed, 344;

fall of the ducal arms, 344;

excommunication and interdict pronounced against, 345;

papal letters prohibited, 346;

funeral procession of the papacy, 347;

bids the duke mind his own business, 350;

assailed by 'gentlemen of the Spoon', 357;

civil jurisdiction revoked, 363;

menaced by the bishop, 363;

reply to his envoys, 364;

the messenger of the council insulted, 366;

intrigues in the convents, 370;

arrival and departure of auxiliary troops, 372;

insolence and death of Pontverre, 376 sqq.;

a Genevan crucified, 383;

'Day of the Ladders', 383, 384;

embassies from the Swiss and from Savoy, 390;

will not give up Swiss alliance, 391;

defies the emperor, 395;

emperor and pope unite against, 396;

war begun by duke and bishop, 416;

march of allies on, 417 sqq.;

still a Catholic city, 417;

blockaded, 418;

skirmishes, 419;

night attack, 420;

retreat of Savoyards, 422;

arrival of Swiss troops, 424 sqq.;

preachings in the cathedral, 426 sqq.;

truce of St. Julien, 428;

declines intervention of the emperor, 431;

another attack threatened and frustrated, 431, 432;

Diet of Payerne, 432;

a pilgrimage to St. Claire resisted, 433;

another allowed, 434;

'de Christo meditare', 437;

agrees to help Berne and Friburg, 442;

again threatened by the duke, 442;

election of Catholics, struggles, 444;

threatened by the duke, 445;

Swiss alliance adhered to, 446;

withdrawal of ducal army, 447;

preparation by sufferings and dangers, 447 sqq.;

Swiss alliance cancelled by patricians, 449;

but maintained by citizens of Berne, 450;

cession of, to son of the duke proposed, 452;

agitation about the General Pardon posted up by Lutherans, 463 sqq.;

Friburg embassy and threats, 466;

placards and preaching prohibited, 466;

first official act in favor of reformation, 467;

letter from archbishop to the syndics, 468;

standard of the Gospel raised, 472;

conflict of two parties, 472 sqq.

—, saves Europe, iii. 199;

Farel's arrival at, 275;

progress of reformation, 325, 328;

tumult, 333, 334;

Froment's sermon at the Molard, priests in arms, 338, 339;

balance of parties, 350;

agitation against Lutherans, 366;

conspiracy, 367;

both parties armed, 371;

disturbance in the cathedral, 372;

Catholic preparations to fight, 375;

the corps formed, 376;

mustering of the corps, 377;

distresses in the homes, 381, 382;

the Huguenots on the defensive, 390;

bloodshed prevented, 392;

mediation of Friburgers, 393;

peace proclaimed, 395;

articles of peace, 397;

disquietude, 401;

holiday evening and a brawl, 411;

the tocsin, 413;

fight in the Molard, 415 sqq.;

the bishop invited to return, 425;

his entrance, 433;

a general council, 434;

the Charters consulted, 436;

episcopal proscriptions, 439;

deputation of elders to the bishop, 451;

resolution of the Sixty, 453;

of the Two Hundred, 455;

gathering perils, 460

—, the part of Geneva in the Reformation, iv. 184;

agitation about Lutheran prisoners, 186;

the bishop's final departure, 192;

evangelical preaching authorized by the Council, 196;

plot of the Catholics, 211;

both parties in arms, 211;

Bernese embassy to, 215;

the tournament, 217 sqq.;

the bishop's coup d'état, 231;

assassinations and tumult, 232, 233 sqq.;

the bishop's palace searched, 236;

the cathedral searched, 237;

four Huguenot syndics, 242;

Savoyard procession forbidden to enter, 279;

another enters and is driven out, 280 sqq.;

image-breaking, 281;

Whitsuntide procession, 284;

embassy from France, 292;

Feast of Corpus Christi, 304;

rumors of attack by bishop and duke, 308 sqq.;

preparations, 309;

plans of the invaders, 310;

advance on the city, 311;

treachery within, 311;

a warning, 312;

called to arms, 312;

retreat of the Savoyards, 315;

vigilance, 317;

city and suburbs described, 323;

destruction of suburbs ordered, 324, 326;

opposition of Catholics, 327;

the houses razed, lamentations, 333, 334;

ramparts built, 335;

the see removed to Gex, 338;

excommunications by the bishop, 339;

appeal to the pope, 340;

prepares for defence, 342

—, three parties to uphold the Reformation, v. 232;

Huguenot magistrates elected, 232;

a monk allowed to preach the Gospel, 234;

riot of women in the church, 236;

plots of Roman Catholics, 243;

a disputation announced, 256;

refusal of the papists, 257;

the debate, 264 sqq.;

its effect, 274;

trade or intercourse with Geneva forbidden by the bishop, 270;

misery in the city, 276;

Farel at the Cathedral, 280 sqq.;

forbidden to preach there, 283;

images broken, 285;

campaign against idols, 288 sqq.;

mass suppressed, church property confiscated, 295;

the monks dumb before the Council, 299;

flight of papists, 299;

hospital and school founded, 309;

mendicity abolished, 310;

end of Romanism, 311;

proclaimed as infected by duke of Savoy, 314;

skirmishes and alarms, 314;

refuses to expel heresy and restore the bishop, 317;

news of battle of Gingins, 346;

storming of convent of St. Jean, 357;

blockaded, 358;

assault repulsed, 358;

coins money, 360;

refuses a truce, 362;

the troops partly withdrawn, 363;

rejects offer of French protectorate, 365;

attack on the church of our Lady of Grace repulsed by Jessé, 366, 367;

night attacks by Savoyards, 368;

the war of Cologny, 369;

famine, 375;

Bernese help promised, 376;

entrance of Nagueli, and the Bernese army, 387;

the castles burnt, 392, 393;

rejects sovereignty of Berne, 397;

attack on Chillon, 399 sqq.;

evangelization of the town and the country, 404, 405;

difficulties with the priests, 406;

morals in the city, 408;

the General Confession (21st May), 412 sqq.;

return of refugees, 415;

toleration, 416, 417;

action of the Government in religious affairs, 465

—, importance of the services of Geneva to freedom and religion, vi. 219, 220, 221;

arrival of Calvin, 221;

church discipline before his time, 224;

long preparation of the Genevese for triumph of the Reformation, 226, 227;

conference of pastors at, 273, 274;

Calvin's Confession of faith adopted, 284;

his articles on order and discipline allowed, 289;

measures of the council, 290, 291;

Convocation of the people, the Confession adopted, 294;

but refused by many, 294;

discipline by the state, 297;

description of the city, 298;

parties at, 335;

the Confession sworn to, 337 sqq.;

resistance of the Huguenots, 338 sqq.;

a general Council, 341;

the remonstrance, 342, 343;

confusion, 344;

deputation to Berne, 348;

refusal of the council to exclude any from the Supper, 354;

disorders, 355, 356;

two parties in the republic, 358;

election of syndics, 360;

victory of the opposition, 361;

proclamation against disorders, 362;

refuses to entertain project of submission to France, 363;

confusion of church and state at, 365;

Bernese usages adopted, 379;

disturbances, 380;

confusion, 386 sqq.;

Easter Sunday 1538, 395;

banishment of the reformers decreed, 403, 407;

dismay at their departure, 412;

licentiousness of the vulgar, 413;

the new pastors, 414;

reply to Bernese letter, 419;

resistance to return of Farel and Calvin, 431;

Bernese delegates received, 433;

vote of banishment of the reformers by general council, 439;

the ceremonies established, 449;

new pastors, 449, 450;

party strife, 450;

disorders, 451;

despotism, 465, 466;

the rector and regents of the College banished, 467;

election of new syndics, 471;

suppression of disorders, 471;

letter from Sadoleto received by the Council, 480;

effect of Calvin's reply to it, 496, 497;

Catholic priests before the Council, 500, 501;

dispute about treaty with Berne, 512;

a new treaty signed, 513;

quarrel about it, 514, 515;

summoned by Berne to a trial at Lausanne, the treaty rejected by general Council, 515;

judgment against Genevese delivered at Lausanne, 516;

a general reconciliation, 516;

agitation about the quarrel with Berne, 517;

flight of the Articulants, 518;

a riot, 521;

fate of the Articulants, 524

—, proceedings for recall of Calvin, vii. 5;

letter of the Council, 8;

edict of expulsion of the reformers revoked, 43;

letters of the Syndics to Zurich, Basel and Strasburg, 43 sqq.;

value of these documents, 45;

preparation for reception of Calvin, 50;

a day of humiliation, 59;

the 'Ordinances' considered by the Council, 61, 62;

adopted, 63;

Geneva to be made an ecclesiastical fortress, 65;

the name of Jesus engraved on the gates, 77;

relation of church and state at, 77 sqq.;

state of men's minds at, 96;

new pastors, 106;

moral change, 111

George, Duke of Anhalt, his birth and early life, viii. 322;

his adherence to Rome, 323;

searches the Scriptures, 323;

inquiry and perplexity, 324;

reads Luther, 325;

gains over his brothers to his views, 325;

exercises episcopal authority, 325

Gérac, castle of, iii. sqq.

German Envoys in England, viii. 153 sqq.;

their long stay, fruitless discussions, 155;

their view, 155;

leave England, 157

German Protestant Princes send envoy to Francis I., ii. 71;

envoy sent to, 72;

proposal for union of France with, 214;

English embassy to, v. 109;

attempt at alliance renewed, 117, 118;

assembly at Frankfort, 118;

embassy to Henry VIII., 118;

renounce his alliance, 170;

send envoys to Henry VIII., viii. 153;

discussion at Lambeth, 154

Germans, The, papal treatment of, i. 120

Germany, affairs in, ii. 95 sqq.;

peasant revolt in, compared with Pilgrimage of Grace, v. 207

Gex, meeting of duke of Savoy and bishop of Geneva at, ii. 415, 424

Ghent, the Reformation at, vii. 546 sqq.

Ghinucci, deprived of see of Worcester, iv. 180

'Ghost of Lyons', i. 408

Giberto, Giovanni Matteo, bishop of Verona, iv. 478, 482

Gingins, Aimé de, abbot of Bonmont, i. 31;

elected bishop of Geneva, 32;

set aside by the Pope, 35;

pensioned by the Bastard, 40, 157, 159, 160, 169; ii. 410, 467;

episcopal council at his house, iii. 284;

presides at examination of Farel, 288, 292, 397;

armed gathering at his house, 412; v. 257;

flies from Geneva, 308;

discovered by the Bernese at Divonne, ransoms himself, 386

Gingins, Francis de, lord of Divonne, account of, v. 385, 386;

a ransom exacted from him by the Bernese, 386

Gingins, battle of, v. 332 sqq.;

effect of it, 355

Giraldi, Lilio, iv. 427

Girard, Aimé, deputy to bishop of Geneva, i. 262, 270, 276; ii. 366, 378

Gjöe, Henry, holds Copenhagen for Christian II., vii. 149;

capitulates to Frederick, 149

Gjöe, Magnus, councillor of Denmark, embraces the Reformation, vii. 149;

head of reform party, 164;

his speech at the electoral diet, 197;

refuses to sign the compact, 198;

in Jutland, 209;

urges election of Christian III., 210;

announces to him his election, 212

Gjöe, Brigitta, vii. 204

Glareanus, his intercourse with Alasco, vii. 439

Gnapheus, William, vii. 500;

takes part in translating New Testament, 501;

arrested and imprisoned, 501;

liberated, 502;

again arrested, 519;

his Tobias and Lazarus, 519

Goch, Jan van, vii. 482

Golden Bull, The, read at Geneva, ii. 460

Goldenhauer, Gerhard, preaches in Guelderland, vii. 525;

goes to Strasburg, 526;

Professor of Theology, Marburg, 526

Gonin, Martin, Waldensian deputy to Granson, iii. 251, 252, 298, 302, 303 sqq.

Gonzaga, Giulia di, among friends of Valdez, iv. 465;

Barbarossa's attempt to carry her off, 465;

her religious struggles, 468;

conversations with Valdez, 469 sqq.

Gosseau, Jacques, vii. 551, 570

Gostwick, Sir John, accuses Cranmer, viii. 243;

the king's menace to him, 247

Gothus, Lawrence, appointed archbishop of Upsala, vii. 333

Gottschalken, Oddur, vii. 226;

secretary to Œgmund, 226;

translates the New Testament, 227;

his translation printed, 228

Goulaz, Jean, takes part in posting up General Pardon at Geneva, ii. 463;

affray with a canon, 465;

fined, 466;

visits Farel, iii. 277, 278, 296, 314;

supports Froment, 319, 372;

with Porral charged to maintain good morals in the city, vi. 289;

renounces citizenship of Geneva, and is imprisoned, 470, 471;

assists Calvin in preparing constitution of a church, vii. 56

Gourlay, Norman, condemned and burnt with Straiton, vi. 96

Grafton, Richard, asks permission to sell Tyndale's Bible, v. 227;

interview with Cranmer, 227;

with Whitchurch, authorized by Francis I. to print and import the Bible into France, viii. 176;

with Coverdale goes to Paris, 177;

their difficulties, 177;

the printing stopped by the Inquisition, 178;

and completed in London, 178;

cited before the Council, 238;

saved by intervention of Wriothesley, 238

Graham, Patrick, primate of Scotland, deprived and imprisoned for life, vi. 6

Gramont, Cardinal de, ambassador to Clement VII., ii. 105;

to Conference of Bologna, 142;

characterized, 147 [Tournon]

Gramont, De, Bishop of Tarbes, ambassador to the emperor, iv. 24;

confers with Earl of Wiltshire, 27

Gran, Archbishop of, cites evangelists of Hermanstadt before him, vii. 350;

goes to Rome, 351;

takes part in suppression of Lutheranism, 352

Granson, battle of, iii. 236;

the churches opened to Farel by order of Berne, 238;

a fray in the church, 240

Granvella, Imperial chancellor, iii. 265;

gives to Bellegarde answer of the emperor to duke of Savoy, 265;

his relations with de Soto, viii. 67;

orders arrest of Enzinas, 75

Grapheus, Cornelius, account of, vii. 492;

seized by Inquisitors, 492;

apologizes and is imprisoned, 492;

retracts, 493;

his property is confiscated, imprisoned for life, 493;

his appeal fruitless, 494

Greenwich, tournament at, v. 137 sqq.

Gregorius, Matthias, Bishop of Strengnaes, vii. 237;

massacred at coronation of Christian II., 239

Gregory, Father, orator of Roman party at Conference of Schässburg, vii. 384 sqq.

Grimani, Marco, legate, sent to Scotland, vi. 166;

co-operates with Lennox, 167

Gringalet and Levrat, monks, intrigue for duke of Savoy, ii. 369;

banished from Geneva, 371

Grivat, George, precentor, iii. 226;

preaches at Orbe, 227

Groningen, reformers at, vii. 502

Groot, Gerard, vii. 482

Gros, Claude, his mule, i. 73, 74;

mock auction, 74;

his complaint before the vidame, 74

Grynæus, Simon, his intercourse with Calvin at Basel, iii. 160, 167;

condemns divorce of Henry VIII., iv. 42;

defends Bucer, vi. 325;

takes part in the synod of Berne, 327;

his letter to Calvin and Farel, 442;

receives Calvin into his house, 443;

his early life, vii. 346;

proclaims evangelical doctrines at Buda, 346;

seized, imprisoned and banished, 354;

Professor at Basel, 354; viii. 143

Guarino, Francesco, sets out with Curione for Wittenberg, iv. 415;

arrested, 416

Guéné, William, instigates persecution at Brussels, vii. 569

Guerin, iii. 328, 352, 356, 358;

presides at the Lord's Supper at Geneva, 360;

leaves Geneva, 361

Guidacerio, of Venice, publishes commentaries on Scripture, ii. 90;

accused by Beda, 230

Guido, iii. 298, 301, 303 sqq.

Guillaume, Thomas, named chaplain to Earl of Arran, vi. 155;

outcry against him, 156;

forbidden to preach, goes to England, 168

Guillet, M., i. 42

Gundebald, at Geneva, i. 10

Gustavus Vasa, his birth and boyhood, vii. 244;

his first campaign, 245;

one of the hostages assigned to Christian II., taken prisoner and confined in Jutland, 245;

escapes to Lübeck, pursued, 246;

returns to Sweden and enters Calmar, 246;

escapes to the mountain district, attempts to rouse the peasants, 246;

his wanderings, 247 sqq.;

his interview with archbishop Ulfsson, 248;

hears of the Stockholm massacre, 249;

in concealment in Dalecarlia, 249;

recognized at Ornaes, 251;

received by Perssons, 251;

denounced, escapes, 251;

pursued and wounded, again escapes, 252;

his appeal to the peasants, 253;

proclaimed captain of all the communes of Sweden, 254;

growing success, 255;

the Danish camp broken up by his followers, 255;

takes possession of Westeraas, 255;

besieges Stockholm, and takes it, 255;

convokes a diet at Strengnaes, 256;

proclaimed king there, 257;

his interview with the reformers, 258;

his policy, 258;

appoints Anderson chancellor, 258;

conversations with him, 259;

at Malmoe, arranges with Frederick the separation of the kingdoms, 261;

refuses to persecute the Lutherans, 261;

appoints Magnus primate, 262;

expels the iconoclasts, 266;

makes a progress through the provinces, 267;

present at Olaf's marriage, 267;

bids the bishops translate the New Testament, 269;

demands part of the tithes for state purposes, 270;

at Upsala on the Feast of St. Erick, 271;

confers with the Chapter on church temporal power, 272;

attends public disputation between Olaf and Peter Galle, 274;

declaration of his purpose, 279;

cites the primate before him, 279;

resolves on reformation, 280;

convokes Diet at Westeraas, 281;

his speech and abdication, 287, 288;

in retirement, 289;

receives deputations from the Diet, 291;

returns to the Diet, 293;

his requirements, 293;

his victory, 296;

suppresses revolt of the Dalecarlians, 297;

his coronation, 298;

convokes a synod, 298;

his political view of religion, 299;

undertakes restoration of the schools, 304;

marries Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg, 307;

discovers and frustrates scheme of alliance of Hanse Towns and Denmark against him, 308;

his ecclesiastical measures, 309;

compared with Olaf, 309;

his coolness towards Olaf, 309;

rebuked by him, 310;

marries a second time, 312;

his letter to the primate, 312;

anger against Olaf and his brother, 314;

commands them to be brought to trial, 315;

compared with Henry VIII., 316;

his claim to rule the Church, 317;

absolute in church and state, 318;

his rule of the church, 320;

orders arrest of the bishop of Strengnaes, 321;

excuses for severity, 321;