CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF GIL VICENTE'S LIFE

G. V.'s Life Order of G. V.'s Plays Contemporary Events

c.1465? Birth of G. V. c.1465 Death of François Villon.

1466 Death of Donatello.

1467 Birth of Desiderius Erasmus.

1469 Death of Jorge Manrique.

— Birth of Niccolò Machiavelli.

1469? Birth of Juan del Enzina.

1470 Birth of Pietro Bembo.

— Birth of Garcia de Resende.

1471 Birth of Albrecht Dürer.

1474 Birth of Lodovico Ariosto.

1475 Birth of Michael Angelo.

1477 Birth of Titian.

1478 Birth of Baldassare Castiglione († 1526).

— Birth of Gian Giorgio Trissino.

— Birth of Sir Thomas More.

1481 Accession of João II.

1482 Birth of Bernardim Ribeiro.

1483 Birth of Raffael.

— Birth of Martin Luther.

— Birth of Francesco Guicciardini.

— Beheadal of Duke of Braganza.

[1484-6 Snr Braamcamp Freire assigns G. V.'s first marriage to one of these years] 1484 King João II stabs to death the Duke of Viseu.

1485 [or later] Birth of Sá de Miranda.

[1486-8 Acc. to Snr Braamcamp Freire, birth of G. V.'s eldest son] 1486 Birth of Andrea del Sarto.

— Death of Andrea Verrocchio.

1487 Cape of Good Hope rounded by Bartholomeu Dias.

1489 Birth of Thomas Cranmer.

1490? G. V. comes to Court at Evora? 1490 Marriage of Prince Afonso and Isabel, d. of the Catholic Kings.

c.1490? G. V.'s first marriage [to Branca Bezerra]? — Birth of Vittoria Colonna.

1491 Death of Prince Afonso at Santarem.

— Birth of S. Ignacio de Loyola.

— Christopher Columbus sails for America.

— First Portuguese book printed in Portugal.

c.1492? Birth of G. V.'s eldest son, Gaspar? 1492 Conquest of Granada.

1493 Columbus arrives at Lisbon (6 March) after discovering America.

— Birth of André de Resende.

1493 or 4 Birth of Nicolaus Clenardus.

1494 Death of Angelo Poliziano.

1494 or 5 Birth of François Rabelais.

1495 (25 Oct.) Accession of King Manuel.

1496? Birth of Clément Marot († 1544).

1497 (July) Vasco da Gama leaves Lisbon.

— Forced conversion of Jews in Portugal.

— Birth of Hans Holbein.

— Birth of Philip Melancthon.

1498 Girolamo Savonarola burnt at Florence.

1499 (Sept.) Return of Gama from India.

1500 Pedro Alvarez Cabral discovers Brazil.

— Death of Sandro Botticelli.

— Birth of Benvenuto Cellini.

— Birth of Emperor Charles V.

— Birth of Dom João de Castro.

1502 (Lisbon, 7 or 8 June) Auto da Visitaçam (1). 1502 (6 June) Birth of João III.

— (Lisbon, Christmas) Auto Pastoril Castelhano (2).

1503-6 G. V. fashions the celebrated Belem monstrance with the first tribute of gold from India. 1503 (Lisbon, 6 Jan.) Auto dos Reis Magos (3). 1503 Birth of Garci Lasso de la Vega.

— Birth of Sir Thomas Wyatt.

— Famine and plague in Portugal.

— The cousins Albuquerque and Duarte Pacheco Pereira sail for India.

— (24 Oct.) Birth of Infanta (afterwards Empress) Isabel.

1504 (Lisbon) Auto de S. Martinho (4). 1504 Heroic campaign of D. Pacheco Pereira in India.

— (31 Dec.) Birth of Inf. Beatriz.

1505? Birth of G. V.'s second son, Belchior. 1505 Riots against Jews at Evora.

— (end July) Arrival at Lisbon of 15 ships laden with spices. Solemn procession in honor of D. Pacheco.

1506 G. V. preaches a sermon in verse on the birth of Prince Luis (3 March). 1506 (Low Sunday, Pascoela) Massacre of Jews at Lisbon.

— Birth of S. Francis Xavier.

— Birth of Inf. Luis († 1555).

— (30 Sept.) Death of D. Beatriz (King Manuel's mother).

1507 (5 June) Birth of Inf. Fernando.

1508 (Dec.) or 1509 (Jan.) (Lisbon) Quem tem farelos? (5). 1508 The King raises interdict placed on Lisbon after massacre of Jews.

— News brought to the King at Evora of the siege of Arzila.

1509? G. V. writes some verses for a poetical contest at Almada, printed in the Canc. de Resende (1516). 1509 (Almada, Holy Week?) Auto da India (6). 1509 (Jan.) D. Pacheco defeats the French pirate Mondragon.

— (23 Ap.) Birth of Inf. Afonso.

1509 (15 Feb.) G. V. is appointed Vedor (overseer) of all works in gold and silver in the Convent of Thomar, the Hospital of All Saints, Lisbon, and the Convent of Belem. — Birth of Jean Calvin.

— Afonso de Albuquerque Governor of India.

1510 (Almeirim, Christmas) Auto da Fé (7). 1510 Death of Dom Francisco de Almeida, first Viceroy of India.

— Albuquerque attacks Calicut and takes Goa.

1510? Birth of Lope de Rueda.

1511 (Lisbon, Carnival?) Auto das Fadas (8). 1511 Albuquerque takes Malaca.

— Henry VIII of England sends King Manuel, his brother-in-law, the Order of the Garter.

1512 (21 Dec.) G. V. is elected one of the Twenty-four by the Lisbon Guild of Goldsmiths. 1512 (Lisbon, early in the year) Farsa dos Fisicos (9). 1512 (31 Jan.) Birth of Cardinal-King Henrique († 1580).

1513 (4 Feb.) G. V. is appointed Mestre da Balança. 1513 (Lisbon, Holy Week?) O Velho da Horta (10). 1513 James, Duke of Braganza, sets sail from Lisbon with a splendidly-equipped fleet of 450 vessels to capture Azamor.

— (17 Oct.) G. V. is elected by the Twenty-four to be one of their four representatives on the Lisbon Town Council. — (Lisbon, August) Exhortação da Guerra (11). — Albuquerque in the Red Sea and at Aden.

1513? (Lisbon, Christmas) Auto da Sibila Cassandra (12). — Leo X, son of Lorenzo de' Medici, becomes Pope.

1514 (1512-14?) G. V. loses his first wife, Branca Bezerra. 1514 (Lisbon) Comedia do Viuvo (13). 1514 Portuguese Embassy to Pope Leo X with magnificent presents from the East. Garcia de Resende and the rest of the Mission reach Italy end of Jan. 1514.

1515 (21 Sept.) G. V. receives a grant of 20 milreis for the dowry of his sister Felipa Borges. 1515? (Lisbon, 2nd half of year) Auto da Fama (14). [Snr Braamcamp Freire assigns the Auto da Festa to this year 1515.] 1515 (Dec.) Death of Albuquerque in India.

— (7 Sept.) Birth of Inf. Duarte.

— Birth of Santa Teresa at Avila.

1516? (Lisbon, Christmas) Auto dos Quatro Tempos (15). 1516 (9 Sept.) Birth of Inf. Antonio.

— Discovery of Mexico.

— Garcia de Resende's Cancioneiro Geral published.

— Death of Giovanni Bellini.

1517 (6 Aug.) G. V. resigns the post of Mestre da Balança in favour of Diogo Rodriguez. 1517 (Lisbon) Auto da Barca do Inferno (16). 1517 Luther starts the Reformation.

1517? G. V. marries Melicia Rodriguez. — (Feb.) King Manuel organises a fight between a rhinoceros and an elephant in an enclosed space in front of Lisbon's Casa da Contrataçam da India.

— (7 March) Death of Queen Maria.

1518? (Lisbon, Holy Week) Auto da Alma (17). 1517 or 18 Birth of Francisco de Hollanda.

1518 (Lisbon, Christmas) Auto da Barca do Purgatorio (18). 1518 (23 Nov.) Queen Lianor (King Manuel's third wife) arrives in Portugal.

[General Brito Rebello, Dr Theophilo Braga and Senhor Braamcamp Freire assign the verses to the Conde de Vimioso to this year 1518.] — Birth of Tintoretto.

c.1519? Birth of G. V.'s eldest daughter, Paula. 1519 (Lisbon, Holy Week) Auto da Barca da Gloria (19). 1519 King Charles of Spain elected Emperor (Charles V).

— Death of Leonardo da Vinci.

— Death of John Colet.

1520 G. V. makes arrangements for the royal entry into Lisbon. 1520 (18 Feb.) Birth of Inf. Carlos at Evora († Lisbon, 15 Ap. 1521).

1520? Birth of G. V.'s son Luis. — Death of Raffael.

— Death of John Skelton.

— Fernão de Magalhães discovers the 'Straits of Magellan.'

1521 (Lisbon, Holy Week?) Comedia de Rubena (20). 1521 (Jan.) King and Queen's entry into Lisbon.

— (Lisbon, 4 Aug.) Cortes de Jupiter (21). — (8 June) Birth of Inf. Maria († 1577).

— Solemn reception in Lisbon of Embassy from Venice.

— Departure of Inf. Beatriz to wed the Duke of Savoy.

— (13 Dec.) Death of King Manuel.

— (Dec.) Proclamation of João III.

— Death of Magalhães.

1522 Pranto de Maria Parda. 1522 Famine in Portugal.

1523 G. V. receives the sum of six milreis. 1523 (Thomar, July-Sept.) Farsa de Ines Pereira (22). 1523 Clement VII becomes Pope.

— (Evora, Christmas) Auto Pastoril Portugues (23).

1524 G. V. receives two pensions (12 and 8 milreis). 1524 (Evora, 2nd half of year) Fragoa de Amor (24). 1524 Birth of Pierre Ronsard.

— Birth of Luis de Camões.

— Death of Dom Vasco da Gama.

1525 G. V. receives a pension of three bushels of wheat. 1525? (Evora, Holy Week) Farsa das Ciganas (25). 1525 Plague and famine at Lisbon.

— (Lisbon?) Dom Duardos (26). — François I taken prisoner at battle of Pavia.

— (Almeirim, Oct.-Nov.?) O Juiz da Beira (27). — (17 Nov.) Death of Queen Lianor (widow of João II).

— (Evora, Christmas) Auto da Festa (28). — Birth of Joachim du Bellay.

— Trovas ao Conde de Vimioso.

1526 (Lisbon, Jan.) Templo de Apolo (29). 1526 Marriage of Emperor Charles V and Isabel, d. of King Manuel.

1526-8 (Almeirim) Sumario da Historia de Deos (30). — Sá de Miranda returns from Italy.

— (Almeirim) Dialogo sobre a Ressurreiçam (31). — Boscán tackles the hendecasyllable.

1527 (Lisbon) Nao de Amores (32). 1527 Birth of Inf. Maria.

— (Coimbra) Divisa da Cidade de Coimbra (33). — Birth of Fray Luis de León.

— (Coimbra) Farsa dos Almocreves (34). — Birth of Philip II of Spain.

— (Coimbra)Tragicomedia da Serra da Estrella (35). — Sack of Rome.

—Trovas a Dom João III. — Death of Machiavelli.

1528 G. V. receives a further pension of 12 milreis. 1528 (Lisbon, Christmas) Auto da Feira (36). 1528 Death of Dürer.

— Birth of Antonio Ferreira.

1529 (Lisbon, April) Triunfo do Inverno (37). 1529 Birth of Inf. Isabel.

1529-30 (Lisbon, Christmas? Between Sept. 1529 and Feb. 19, 1530) O Clerigo da Beira (38). 1529? Death of Juan del Enzina.

c.1530? Birth of G. V.'s daughter Valeria Borges. c.1530 Trovas a Felipe Guilhen. 1530 (15 Feb.) Birth of Inf. Beatriz.

1531 (Jan.) G. V. preaches a sermon to the monks at Santarem on occasion of the earthquake. 1531 Jubileu de Amores acted at Brussels. — Birth of Inf. Manuel.

— (Jan.) Great earthquake at Lisbon and other towns.

— First Bull for establishment of Inquisition in Portugal.

1531? Death of Bartolomé de Torres Naharro.

1532 (Lisbon) Auto da Lusitania (39).

1533 (Evora) Romagem de Aggravados (40). 1533 Birth of Michel de Montaigne.

— (Evora) Amadis de Gaula (41). — Clenardus comes to Portugal from Salamanca.

1533? Death of Duarte Pacheco.

1534 (Oudivellas) Auto da Cananea (42).

— (Evora, Christmas) Auto da Mofina Mendes (43). 1534 Birth of Fernando de Herrera, el Divino.

1535 G. V. receives 8 milreis as dress allowance (vestiaria). 1535 [The Conde de Sabugosa assigns the Auto da Festa to this year.] 1535 Sir Thomas More executed.

1536? Death of G. V. at Evora. 1536 (Evora) Floresta de Enganos (44). 1536 Death of Erasmus.

— Death of Garci Lasso de la Vega.

— Death of Garcia de Resende.

— Introduction of Inquisition into Portugal.