GLOSSARY.
Reading edition
The English traveller, in passing through North Wales, will find the following Welsh terms frequently occur in the names of places; to which are subjoined their significations in English.
Ab, or Ap, a prefix to proper names, signifying the son of
Aber, the fall of one water into another, a confluence.
Am, about, around.
Ar, upon, bordering upon.
Avon, or Afon, a river.
Bach, little, small.
Ban, high, lofty, tall.
Bedd, a grave or sepulchre.
Bettws, a station between hill and vale.
Blaen, a point or end.
Bôd, a residence.
Braich, a branch, an arm.
Bron, the breast, the slope of a hill.
Bryn, a hill, a mount.
Bwlch, a gap, defile, or pass.
Bychan, little, small.
Cader, a hill-fortress, a chair.
Cae, an inclosure, a hedge.
Cantref, a hundred of a shire, a district.
Caer, a city, a fort, a defensive wall.
Capel, a chapel.
Carn, a heap.
Carnedd, a heap of stones.
Careg, a stone.
Castell, a castle, fortress.
Cefn, ridge, the upper side, the back.
Cell, a cell; also a grove.
Cil, (pronounced keel) a retreat, a recess.
Clawdd, a hedge, a dyke.
Clogwyn, a precipice.
Côch, red.
Coed, a wood.
Cors, a bog or fen.
Craig, a rock or crag.
Croes, a cross.
Cwm, a valley, vale, or glen.
Dinas, a city, or fort, a fortified place.
Dôl, a meadow or dale, in the bend of the river.
Drws, a door-way, a pass.
Dû, black.
Dwfr, or Dwr, water.
Dyffryn, a valley.
Eglwys, a church.
Ffordd, a way, a road, a passage.
Ffynnon, a well, a spring.
Gallt, (mutable into Allt) a cliff, an ascent, the side of a hill.
Garth, a hill bending round.
Glàn, a brink or shore.
Glâs, bluish, or grayish green.
Glyn, a glen or valley through which a river runs.
Gwern, a watery meadow.
Gwydd, a wood.
Gwyn, white, fair.
Gwys, a summons.
Havod, a summer residence.
Is, lower, inferior, nether.
Llan, church, a smooth area, an inclosure.
Llwyn, a grove.
Llyn, a lake, a pool.
Maen, a stone.
Maes, a plain, an open field.
Mawr, great, large.
Melin, a mill.
Moel, a smooth conical hill.
Mynydd, a mountain.
Nant, a ravine, a brook.
Newydd, new, fresh.
Pant, a hollow, a valley.
Pen, a head, a summit; also chief, or end.
Pentref, a village, a hamlet.
Pistyll, a spout, a cataract.
Plâs, a hall or palace.
Plwyf, a parish.
Pont, a bridge.
Porth, a ferry, a port, a gateway.
Pwll, a pit, a pool.
Rhaiadr, a cataract.
Rhiw, an ascent.
Rhôs, a moist plain or meadow.
Rhŷd, a ford.
Sarn, a causeway, a pavement.
Swydd, a shire; also an office.
Tàl, the front or head; also tall.
Tàn, under.
Traeth, a sand or shore.
Tre, or Tref, a home, a town.
Tri, three.
Troed, a foot, the skirt of a hill.
Twr, a tower.
Tŷ, a house.
Waun (from Gwaun), a meadow, downs.
Y, the, of.
Yn, in, at, into.
Ynys, an island.
Ystrad, a vale, a dale.
Yspytty, a hospital, an almshouse.