INDEX.

A.

Abdomen of insects, 201

Activity of minute animals, 212, note 427

Adams improves lucernal microscope, 21

—— —— —— described, 64

Advantages of microscopes, whence derived, 45

Æpinus, his microscopic telescope, 3, 22

Agility of jerboa, note 212—kanguroo, ibid.

Air destroys and produces animation, 173

Anatomical microscope, Lyonet’s, 122

Angle of incidence, what, 32—of refraction, ibid.

Animalcula, a variety of diseases attributed to them, note 433

—— in teeth, their existence doubted, note 432

—— in infusions, to procure, 151

—— infusoria, history of, 415

—— —— erroneous opinion concerning them, 421—refuted, 423

—— —— monas, 430—proteus, 436—volvox, 437—enchelis, 443—vibrio, 451—cyclidium, 479—paramæcium, 482—kolpoda, 484—gonium, 489—bursaria, 491—cercaria, 492—leucophra, 500—trichoda, 507—kerona, 530—himantopus, 533—vorticella, 536—brachionus, 563—additional, 570

Antennæ of insects described, 190—conjectures on their use, note 191, 192

—— their characters, 192

Ants, white, or termites, history of, 308

Aphides, their transformations, 260

—— —— generation, 274

—— —— —— experiments on by Bonnet, 274

—— —— —— —— by Richardson, 275

Apis or bee, its proboscis to dissect, 144

—— sting to dissect, ibid.

—— proboscis described, 181

—— generation of, 279

Apparatus to Cuff’s microscope, 90

—— Adams’s lucernal microscope, 77

—— Jones’s improved microscope, 96

—— most improved, 101—additional, 102

—— Culpeper’s microscope, 105

—— Martin’s opake solar, 109

Aptera, order of insects, 220—to collect, 687

Aquatic microscope by Ellis, 119

Aranea or spider, 621

Argand’s lamp described—the management of, 69

Aristotle, polypes mentioned by, note 360

Athens, cruelty punished at, note 152

Augustine (St.) polypes not unknown to him, note 359

B.

Baker, his method of viewing particles of blood, 149

Banks (Sir Jos.) his approbation of Walker’s publication on shells, 630

Barbut, his remedy for sting of gnats, note 188

—— his opinion on sense of hearing in insects, note 217

—— on the brent goose, note 347

Barker’s compound microscope, 17

Barnacle, or lepas anatifera, beard of, to prepare, 145

Bee, its proboscis to dissect, 144

—— sting, to dissect, ibid.

—— proboscis described, 181

—— generation of, 279—Schirach’s account of, 280—Debraw’s ditto, 281

—— fecundity of, 290

Beetle, its transformations, 242

—— diamond, its transcendant beauty, 204

Beetles, to procure, 680

Blatta, cockroach, mischief occasioned by them, note 683

Blea of vegetables, to prepare, 162

Blood, its circulation and particles to examine, 148

—— —— in flounders, &c., 149

—— —— in tails of eels, ibid.

Boat-fly, its wings, 143

Body of insects, 200

Bones, to examine, 146

Bonnet, theory of transformation of insects, 261

—— experiments on aphides, 274

—— on the interior structure of vegetables, 575

Botanical microscope by Withering, 123

—— —— pocket and universal, 124

—— magnifiers, 125

Box, breeding, figure of, 671

Brain of insects, to prepare, 146

Brass micrometer, by Coventry, 60

Breeze-fly, its proboscis to dissect, 144

Brent-goose, curious idea of its origin, 346, note 347

Buffon, his hypothesis, 421

—— refuted by Ellis, 423

Bug, bed, described, 618—introduced after the fire of London, note 684

Butterfly net, figure of, 674

Butterflies, wings of, 144, 207

—— remarks on their substance, note 207

—— proboscis of, 186

—— and moths, to collect and preserve, 669

—— figure of the manner of setting them, 677

C.

Cabinet, instructions for forming, 693

—— how to preserve insects in, 694

—— Drury’s, short account of, 695

Cantharis, its value in medicine and commerce, note 175

Cast skin of insects, to prepare, 145

Caterpillars, habitations of, 325

Cavallo applies pearl micrometers to telescopes, 60

Change of insects to pupa state, 229—to fly or perfect state, 236

Chrysalis, see pupa

Chrysomela asparagi described, 353

Cimex striatus described, 352

—— lectularius, 618

Circulation of blood, to examine, 148

—— in eels, flounders, and gudgeons, 149

Clark, his account of British oestri, note 294

Cochineal, to prepare tincture of, 61

—— its beautiful dye, note 175

Compassion to animals formerly not regarded, note 177

Coleoptera order of insects, 219

—— to collect, 680

Configurations of salts, to prepare, 163

—— —— to view by the microscope, 166

Conjectures on the use of antennæ, note 191, 192

—— on sense of hearing, and on sounds proceeding from insects, note 216

Construction of timber, 575

Cossus, caterpillar of, described, 334

Coventry, his glass, pearl, &c. micrometers, 60

—— —— —— —— how used, ibid.

Creation, wisdom of God in the, 167

—— providence in ditto, 174—goodness, 175—the effect it ought to produce, 176

Criteria, distinguishing, of insects, 216

Cruelty to animals, reflections on, 150, note, ibid.

Cuff, his double constructed microscope described, 89—apparatus to ditto, 90—how to use, 91

Culex, its proboscis to dissect, 144

—— pipiens, its proboscis described, 187

—— its unpleasant effects, note, ibid.—farther described, 623

Culpeper’s microscope, 104

—— —— apparatus to, 105

—— —— to use, ibid.

Curculio imperialis, 204

Custance, list of his vegetable cuttings, 709

Cynips or gall-fly, its transformation, 260

D.

Death-head moth, the harbinger of mortality!, note 669

—— watch of Linnæus—Geoffroy—Shaw—Fabricius—Gmelin, note 688—the terror it occasions, note 689—quotations from Brown—Swift—Gay and Shakspeare, ibid.

Debraw, his account of bees, 281

De Geer, on the generation of a moth, 291

De la Hire first notices the stemmata of insects, 199

Dellebarre’s compound microscope, 16

Dermestes tesselatus, note 688

De Saussure, a writer on the interior structure of vegetables, 575

Diptera order of insects, 219

—— —— —— to collect, 687

Dissecting table, Lyonet’s, to use, 123

—— —— Musschenbroeck’s, 137

—— Swammerdam’s method of, 138

—— Lyonet’s ditto, 141

—— Hooke’s observations on, 142

Divinis compound microscope, 15

Dragon-fly, eyes of, to dissect, 145

Drebell introduces the microscope into England, 2

Drone-fly, eyes of, 196

Drury, his magnificent cabinet of insects, 695

—— illustrations of natural history, 696

Du Hamel writes on the interior structure of vegetables, 575

Dutch claim the invention of the microscope, 1

E.

Earwig, its wings, 143, 205

Eels, scales of, to examine, 147

—— circulation of blood in, 148

—— paste, to procure, 152—to preserve, ibid.—described, 462

—— vinegar, 461—fresh water, 468—salt water, 469—in blighted wheat, ibid.

Ellis’s aquatic microscope, 6, 119

—— refutes Buffon, &c., 423

Eggs of insects, 286—tenthredo—hemerobius, ibid.—phalæna neustria, 287—oestrus tarandi, 288—ephemera—phryganea—libellula, ibid.—moths, 289—bees—wasps—spiders—ants, ibid.

Elytra of insects, 204

Ephemera, eyes of, 197

Exuvia of insects, to prepare, 145

Eye, nature of vision in, 28

Eyes of insects, 193—drone, 196—silkworm, ibid.—libellula, ibid.—lobster, 197—ephemera, ibid.

F.

Fat of insects, to prepare, 146

Fibres, muscular, to prepare, ibid.

Fishes, their scales to examine, 147

Flea described, 616—remarks on, note 617

Flies, to dissect eyes of, 145

Fly, Spanish, its utility, note 175

—— or perfect state of insects, 236

—— spider, see hippobosca equina

Focus, what it is, 31

Fontana, an early maker of microscopes, 3

Food of polypes, 155

—— insects, 291—gryllus migratorius, 293—oestrus bovis, 294—equi—hæmorrhoidalis—veterinus—ovis, note 294—ichneumon fly, 295, note 297

Forceps for catching insects, figure of, 675

Forficula auricularia, its wings, 143—farther described, 205

Frog, circulation of blood in, 150

G.

Gay, quotation from, note 690

Generation of aphides, 273—Bonnet’s experiments on ditto, 274—Richardson’s ditto, 275

—— bees, 279—Schirach’s account of, 280—Debraw’s, 281

Gerard, author of the Herbal, his credulity, note 347

Globules, glass, applied to the microscope, 8—manner of making them, ibid., 11—by Butterfield, 9—Di Torre, 10—Gray, 12

—— lenses described, 34

—— micrometer, Coventry’s, 60

Gnat, its proboscis to dissect, 144—described, 187—a formidable weapon, note ibid.—Barbut’s remedy for its sting, 188—preventives recommended, ibid.—mischiefs occasioned by them at Oxford, 623—formidable in the West Indies, note 189—Hooke an advocate for them—remarks on ditto, ibid.

—— farther described, 623

Gray, his water microscope, 13

Greeks not unacquainted with the single microscope, 3—spectacles known to them, ibid.

Grew, on the interior structure of vegetables, 575

Gryllus migratorius, 293—mischiefs occasioned by, note 684—many seen in England, ibid.

H.

Habitation of insects, 299

Haddock, scale of, 356

Halteres of insects, 204

Hartsoeker applies glass globules to the microscope, 8

Heads of insects, 179

Hemerobius perla, its wings described, 206

Hemiptera order of insects, 219—to collect, 683

Hewson, his method of viewing particles of blood, 149

Hieronymus, curious passage quoted from, note 178

Hill (Dr.) writes on the interior parts of vegetables, 575—on the rind, 576—vessels between rind and bark, 580—bark, 582—cellular tissue, 585—vasa propria interiora, 586—blea, ibid.—wood, 587—corona, 590—pith, 592—sap vessels, 594—vasa propria intima, 595

—— (Mr. John) his improvement on the lucernal microscope, 84

Hippobosca equina survives the loss of its head, note 151—its transformations, 261

Hogarth, his five stages of cruelty, note 152

Home, account of the particles of the blood, note 626

Hooke applied glass globules to the microscope, 8—his compound microscope, 15—observations on dissecting insects, 142—pleads in justification of gnats, note 189—computation on the eyes of silkworm, 196—on the motion of butterflies wings, 209

Hooper, quotation from, 710

Hornet, to dissect sting of, 144

Humanity towards insects recommended, note 152

Hunter’s remarks on Schirach and Debraw’s experiments, note 285

Hydræ or fresh water polypes, history of the discovery of, 357—improperly called insects, note 363—viridis—fusca—grisea, 365—their food, 373—generation, 379—re-production, 382—hydra pallens, 389—hydatula, 390—stentorea, 392—socialis, 395

Hymenoptera order of insects, 219

—— —— —— to collect, 686

I.

Jansens and son among the first introducers of the microscope, 2

Jerboa, its agility, note 212—kanguroo, ibid.

Jerom, curious passage from, note 178

Imperfections of microscopic glasses, 46

Improvements on lucernal microscope, 80

—— compound microscope, 92, 99

Infusions, animalcula in, to procure, 151

—— of pepper, &c., 153

Insects, Lyonet’s table to dissect, 123

—— Musschenbroeck’s ditto, 137

—— wings to dissect, 143—proboscis, 144—eyes, 145—exuvia, to prepare, 145—muscular fibres, 146—fat, ibid.—brains, ibid.—muscles, ibid.

—— their wonderful mechanism, 172

—— preferred by Swammerdam to other parts of the creation, ibid.

—— not included in divine omniscience, note 178

—— general description of, 178—definition of, 179—divisions, ibid.—head, ibid.—mouth, 180—jaws, 181—tongue and proboscis, ibid.—proboscis of a bee, 182—butterfly, 186—gnat, 187—tabanus, 188—antennæ, 190—conjectures on their use, note 191, 192—their characteristics, 193—palpi—eyes, ibid.—reticulated eyes, 195—drone—silk-worm—libellula—ephemera—experiments on the eyes, 197—monoculus polyphemus, 198—spider, 199—stemmata, ibid.

—— trunk of—thorax—scutellum—sternum, 200

—— abdomen—spiracula, 201

—— limbs—wings, 201—halterers, 204—elytra and wings under ditto, 204—wings of forficula auricularia, 205—hemerobius perla, 206—legs, 210—tail and sting, 213

—— distinguishing criteria of, 215—conjectures on their sense of hearing and the sounds proceeding from them, note 217—Barbut’s opinion, ibid.—remarks on ditto, ibid.

—— classes or orders into which they are divided, 219

—— transformation of, 220—egg to larva, 222—change to pupa, 229—preparation for change to perfect state, 234—change to ditto, 236—metamorphosis of silk-worm, 240—beetle, 242—rhinoceros beetle, 245—musca chamæleon, 248—libellula, 257—cynips, 260—aphides, ibid.—hippobosca equina, 261—Bonnet’s theory of, ibid.

—— respiration of, 265—experiments on by Lyonet, 267—Musschenbroeck, 268

—— —— in musca pendula, 269

—— generation of—aphides, 272—Bonnet’s experiments on, 274—Richardson’s, 275—Bees, 279—Schirach’s account of, 280—Debraw’s ditto, 281—eggs of insects, 286—tenthredo, ibid.—hemerobius—phalæna neustria—oestrus tarandi—ephemera—phryganea—libellula—moths—bees—wasps—spiders—ants, ibid.

—— fecundity of, 290—Reaumur’s calculation of that of the queen bee, ibid.—Lyonet’s on the generation of a moth, 291—De Geer’s, ibid.

—— food of, 291—gryllus migratorius, 293—oestrus bovis, 294—equi—hæmorrhoidalis—veterinus—ovis, note 294—ichneumon fly, note 295, 297

—— habitations of, 299—spiders—aquatic bugs—gyrinus—podura—libellula—ephemera—phryganea—culices—tipulæ—notonecta—nepa, 300—julus—scolopendra—oniscus, 301—formica-leo, note, 301—solitary bees, 303—ichneumon wasp, 306—termites, 308—caterpillars, 325

—— internal parts of, 334—Lyonet’s account of the caterpillar of the cossus, ibid.—muscles—spinal marrow, 339—tracheal arteries, 340—corpus crassum—oesophagus—ventricle, 342—intestines, 343

—— to collect and preserve, 665—the pursuit recommended, 666—method of procuring lepidoptera, 668—in their caterpillar state, 670—manner of breeding them, 671—figure of breeding box, ibid.—to collect them in their chrysalis state, 673—in their fly state, 674—figure of the net, ibid.—figure of forceps, 675—to manage them in their fly state, with a figure, 677—coleoptera, to collect, 680—hemiptera, 683—neuroptera, 685—hymenoptera, 686—diptera, 687—aptera, ibid.—proper time for collecting, 696—instructions to form a cabinet, 693—Drury’s collection described, 695—remarks on collecting Asiatic insects, 696

Instrument for cutting sections of wood, by Adams, 19—Cumming, ibid.—Custance, ibid.—described, 127—appendage to ditto, 128

Jones, improved lucernal microscope, 80—lanthorn microscope, 88—improved compound microscope, 92—most improved, 99—apparatus to ditto, 101—additional, 102

Italians claim the invention of the microscope, 1

Ivory micrometer by Coventry, 60

K.

Kanguroo, its agility, note 212

L.

Lamp, Argand’s, described, 69

—— —— applied to lucernal microscope, 76

Lanthorn microscope, 88

Larva state of insects, 223

Leaves of trees and plants to examine, 147

Leeuwenhoek’s single microscope, 7

—— description of blood vessels in eels, 149

Legs of insects, 210

Lenses, different kinds of, 34—their properties, ibid.

Lepas anatifera, beard of, to prepare, 145—described, 344

Lepidoptera order of insects, 219

—— —— to procure and preserve, 668

Leucopsis dorsigera, 347

Libellula, eyes of, to dissect, 145

—— described, 195

Lice, polypes infested with them, 156

—— plant, see aphides

Lieberkühn, single microscope used by him, 6

—— improves ditto, 20

Light, to manage for microscope, 134

Limbs of insects, 201

Linnæus, his system commended, 168

—— classification of insects, 219

Lists of microscopic objects, 608, 698

Lizard, its skin to examine, 147

Lobster, eyes of, to dissect, 145

—— insect, 348—first noticed in this country by Mr. J. Adams, 348—described by Martin—two in Mr. Marsham’s possession, ibid.—known to Aristotle—to Wolphius—Scaliger—De Geer—Fabricius—four in the editor’s possession—a living one presented to him—two found alive in Percy street—Rösel’s account of it—Seba probably mistaken, note 350

Locusts, 293—dreadful scourge, note 684

—— many seen in England in 1748, ibid.

Louse, common, described, 619

Lump-sucker described, 352

Lyonet, single microscope used by him, 6

—— anatomical microscope, 122—method of dissecting, 141—experiments on the respiration of insects, 267—generation of a moth, 290—description of the caterpillar of the cossus, 334

M.

Magnifiers, botanical, 125

Malpighi writes on the structure of vegetables, 575

Marsham on the ichneumon fly, note 297

Martin improves solar microscope, 20

—— list of his tracts on the microscope, note 21

—— applies slips of glass, &c. to microscopes, 60

—— improved opake and transparent solar microscope, 106—objects, 110

Medicines, their operations attributed to animalcula!, note 433

Medium, rare, 32—dense, ibid.

Meloe monoceros described, 354

Metamorphoses of insects, 220

Micrometer needle described, 54—how used, 55

—— glass, pearl, &c. by Coventry, 60—how used, 61

—— —— —— a set accompanies Jones’s best microscope, 63

Microscope, date of its invention, 1—name of inventor not known, ibid.—its excellence, 2, 23—early introduced by Jansens, 2—one brought to England by Drebell, ibid.—made by Fontana in 1616, 3—to prepare vegetable substances for, 158

—— single, probably known to the Greeks and Romans, 3—account of, 5—rationale of, 40—used by Leeuwenhoek, &c., 6—described, 7—glass globules applied to, 8—how made by Butterfield, 9—Di Torre, 10—to make glass globules, 11

—— water by Gray, 13—extempore, ibid.

—— Swammerdam’s described, 138

—— single, Wilson’s, or screw barrel, 115—with a scroll and mirror, 117—small, for opake objects, 118—Ellis’s aquatic, 119—Lyonet’s anatomical, 122—Withering’s botanical, 123—pocket botanical and universal, 124

—— compound, by Hooke, Divinis, and Bonnani, 15—Delebarre, 16—Barker, 17—Smith, ibid.

—— —— its principles, 42—magnifying powers, 49—experiments on ditto, 51—how ascertained, 53—of more general use than any other, note 89—Cuff’s described, ibid.—apparatus to ditto, 90—to use, 91—chest, note 90—Jones’s improved, 92—apparatus to ditto, 96—how to use, 98—Jones’s most improved, 99—apparatus, 101—additional apparatus, 102—how to use, 103—Culpeper’s or three pillared, 104—apparatus, 105—to use, ibid.

—— lanthorn, 88

—— solar, by Lieberkühn, 17—improved by him, 20—by Ziehr, ibid.—Martin, ibid.—its principles, 45—as improved by Martin described, 106—apparatus to, 109—to use, 110

—— lucernal, Adams’s, 21—described, 64—to examine opake objects with, 71—ansparent ditto, 74—apparatus to, 77—improvements on, by Jones, Prince and Hill, 80

—— portable, and telescope, 125

—— to prepare for observation, 130—to prepare objects for, 137

—— concise list of objects for, 608—opake, 609—transparent, 614—copious list of ditto, 698

Millepedes food for polypes, 155

Minerals, to examine, 148

Minute animals, their strength, activity, and vivacity, note 427

—— shells, arrangement and description of, 629

Monoculus Polyphemus, its eyes described, 198

Montaigne’s remarks on kindness to animals, note 151

Moths, wings of, 144, 207

Motion of butterflies wings, experiments on, by Hooke, 209—remarks on, 212—dittoby Reaumur, 213

Mouth of insects, 179

Müller on animalcula infusoria, 428

Münchhausen’s hypothesis, 421

—— —— refuted by Ellis, 423

Musca chamæleon, its transformation, 248—pendula ditto, 256—its respiration, 269

Muscles and fibres of insects, to prepare, 146

Musschenbroeck’s table for dissecting insects, 137

—— experiments on their respiration, 268

Musquetos, their sting formidable, note 189

N.

Natural history, importance of, 167

Needham, his hypothesis of animalcula in infusions, 421—refuted, 423

Needle micrometer, 54

Net, figure of butterfly, 674

Neuroptera order of insects, 219—to collect, 685

Notonecta, its wings, 143

O.

Objects to prepare for the microscope, 137

—— —— Swammerdam’s method, ibid.

—— —— Lyonet’s ditto, 141

—— for the microscope, concise list of, 608—copious list of, 698

Observation, to prepare microscope for, 130

Observations, Hooke’s on dissecting, 142

—— on Hooke’s apology for gnats, note 189

Omniscience of God denied with respect to insects, &c., note 177

Opake objects, to examine with the lucernal microscope, 71—list of, 608

Opake and transparent solar microscope, by Martin, 106

—— small, microscope, 118

Optical glasses, their several kinds, 34—different effects, ibid.—their imperfections, 47

Orders into which insects are divided, 219

Ores and minerals to examine, 148

Ox-fly, its proboscis described, 188

Oxford, swarms of gnats which appeared at note, 188—the mischiefs they occasioned, ibid.

P.

Palpi of insects described, 193

Parrot-fish, scale of, 355

Particles of blood to examine, 149

—— —— their true form ascertained, ibid. and note 626

Paste eel described, 462

Pearch, sea, scale of, 356

Pearl micrometer, Coventry’s, 60

Pediculus humanus described, 619

Plancus on minute shells, 629

Plant lice, see aphides

Plants, their leaves to examine, 147

Pocket botanical and universal microscope, 124

Polypes to procure and feed, 153—infested with lice, 156—to preserve in health, ibid.—to observe with accuracy, 157—to preserve in sliders, ibid.—their food, 291

Pores of skin to examine, 147

Portable microscope and telescope, 125

Proboscis of insects, to dissect, 144—culex—tabanus—bee, ibid.—described, 181—bee, ibid.—butterfly, 186—gnat, 187—tabanus, 188

Prince, (Rev. Dr.) his improvement on lucernal microscope, 84

Ptinus fatidicus, note 688

—— pulsator, ibid.

Puceron, see aphides

Pulex aquaticus food for polypes, 155

—— irritans described, 616

Pupa, change of insects to, 229

R.

Ray, incident, 32—refracted, ibid.

Reaumur on the motion of insects, 212

—— —— fecundity of queen bee, 290

Redi, his observations on the production of flies, 174

Reflections on cruelty to animals, 150, note ibid.

Refraction, its principles, 32—ascertained by experiments, 33

Remarks on the substance of butterflies wings, note 207

—— on Barbut’s opinion on the sense of hearing in insects, note 217

—— on collecting Asiatic insects, 696

Respiration of insects, 265—experiments on, by Lyonet, 267—Musschenbroeck, 268

—— musca pendula, 269

Richardson’s experiments on the generation of aphides, 275

Rind of vegetables to prepare, 160

Romans probably acquainted with the single microscope, 3

—— spectacles known to them, ibid.

S.

Salts and saline substances, to prepare, 163

—— their crystallization, 600—what understood by it, 601—phænomena of ditto, 602—their various figures, 603—Bergman’s account of their forms, 605

—— list of, for microscopic observation, 710

Sap vessels of plants, to fill, 162

Scales of fish to examine, 147—eel, to prepare, ibid.

—— parrot fish, 355—sea pearch, haddock—West-India pearch—sole fish, 356

Scutellum of insects, 200

Sections of wood, instrument for cutting, 127—appendage to ditto, 128

Seeds, vegetable, a descriptive list of a variety of, 645—lithospermum, ibid.—cyminum, 646—papaver, 647—cardirus, ibid.—plantago, 648—staphis agria, 649—anisum, ibid.—fœniculum, 651—grana Paradisi, 652—petroselinum, 653—petroselinum Macedonicum, 654—coriandrum, 655—seseli, ibid.—hyoscyamus, 657—cicer, 658—laurus, 659—ficoides afra, 660—palma aricefera, 661—juniperus, ibid.—santonicum, 662—scabiosa, 663

Sentiments of learned men in earlier times on minute parts of creation, note 177

Shakspeare, quotation from, on the feeling of insects, note 150—parody on a passage in, note 690

Shells, to view, 148—minute, arrangement and description of, 629—manner of procuring them, 632—observations on, ibid.—serpula, 633—dentale, 635—patella, ibid.—helix, ibid.—turbo, 636—trochus, 638—buccinum, 639—voluta, ibid.—bulla, 640—nautilus, ibid.—Mytilus, 642—anomia, 643—arca, ibid.—cardium, 644—lepas, ibid.—echinus, ibid.—asterias, 645

Shoots, vegetable, to obtain, 159

Silk-worm, its eyes, 196—metamorphosis, 240

Skin, pores of, to examine, 147

—— of sole-fish, 356—lizards, 147

Smith, his compound microscope, 17

Sole-fish, scale of, 356—skin of, ibid.

Spanish-fly, its utility in medicine and commerce, note 175

Spider, eyes of, 199—described, 621

Spiracula of insects, 201

Stemmata of ditto, 199

Sternum of ditto, 200

Stillingfleet, his remarks on the importance of natural history, 331

Sting of bee to dissect, 144—described, 214

Stings of insects, 213

Strength of minute animals, note 427

Swammerdam uses the single microscope, 6—his method of preparing objects, 137—his microscope described, 138—manner of dissecting, ibid.

Swift, quotation from, on the death-watch, note 689

System, Linnean, commended, 168

T.

Tabanus, its proboscis described, 188

Tail of insects, 213

Telescope, portable microscope and, 125

Termes pulsatorium, note 688

Termites or white ants, history of, 308

Thorax of insects, 201

Thrips physapus described, 350

Timber, organization of, 574

Tincture of cochineal, to prepare, 161

Tongue of insects, 181

Transformation of insects, 220—rhinoceros beetle, 245—musca chamæleon, 248—pendula, 256—libellula, 257—cynips, 260—aphides, ibid.—hippobosca equina, 261—theory of, by Bonnet, ibid.

Transparent objects to examine with the lucernal microscope, 74—to transmit on a screen, 75

—— —— list of, 614

Trees, leaves of, to examine, 147

Trunk of insects, 201

Tubularia campanulata, 411

V.

Vegetable substances, to prepare for the microscope, 159—young shoots, ibid.—rind, 160—blea, 162—sap vessels, to fill, 162

—— seeds, descriptive list of, 645

Vegetables, their beauty and perfection, 574

Vinegar eel described, 461

Vision, its principles shewn by experiments, 27

Vivacity of minute animals note, 427

Vorticellæ described, 396—anastatica, 397—pyraria, 400—cratægaria, ibid.—opercularia, 401—umbellaria, 402—berberina, 406—digitalis, ibid.—convallaria, 407—urceolaris, 408—tubularia campanulata, 411

W.

Walker on minute shells, 630—commended by Sir Jos. Banks, ibid.—extracts from, 633

Wasp, its sting to dissect, 145

Water, eel in fresh, 468—in salt ditto, 469

Wheat, eel in blighted, 467

Wheel animal, 549

Willughby detects a pretended discoverer of animalcula, note 432

Wilson, his screw-barrel microscope, 115—ditto with scroll, 117

Wings of insects to dissect, 143

—— forficula auricularia, ibid.—notonecta, ibid.—butterflies and moths, 144, 207—described, 201—hemerobius perla, 206

Wisdom, divine, displayed in the creation, 267, 174—providence, 174—benevolence, 175

Withering, his botanical microscope, 115

Wood, instrument for cutting sections of, 127,—appendage to, 128

Worm, silk, its eyes described, 196

Worms, red, food for polypes, 155

Z.

Ziehr improves solar microscope, 20

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