VOCABULARY

ABBREVIATIONS

a. and s.adjective and substantive (noun) fig.figurative

adj.adjectiveFr.French

adv.adverbItal.Italian

cf.confer, compareLat.Latin

conj.conjunctionm.masculine

dim.diminutivepl.plural

Eng.Englishq.v.quod vide, which see

f.femininepron.pronoun

fam.familiarreflex.reflexive

s.substantive noun

Forms like del, al, alargue (from alargar), ahorque (ahorcar), rece (rezar) are not given as titles in the vocabulary. The student will need to know the irregular verbs at sight: puse, vino, puesto, dije, dicho, hecho, etc.

Gender indications are omitted as follows;

m. omitted:names of males

masculine nouns in -o

agent nouns in -or, -nte

f. omitted:names of females

feminine nouns in -a, -ión, -dad, -tud, -ez

A

a, at, to; pedir ——, to ask from; al año, in a year; al ver, as he saw; —— poco de, soon after; amar —— Dios, to love God; —— consecuencia de, in consequence of; quien —— hierro mata, he who kills by the sword; —— causa de, because of; derecho ——, right to; —— su modo, in his way; —— más prisa, with more haste; escapar ——, to escape from

abajo, below, down, downward

abandonar, to abandon, leave

abanicar, to fan

abanico, fan

abatimiento, collapse, depression, gloom

abierto, -a, opened; see abrir

abogado, advocate, lawyer

abonar, to repay, warrant, insure, promise, make good

aborrecer, to abhor, hate

aborrecimiento, abhorrence

abrazar, to embrace; —se a la cruz, to cling to the cross

abril, m., April

abrir, to open

absoluto, -a, absolute

abstenerse, to abstain, refrain

abstruso, -a, abstruse, difficult

absurdo, -a, absurd

abuelo, grandfather

aburrir, to bore, tire, vex

acá, here

acabar, to end, finish; acabo de llegar, I have just arrived

acariciar, to caress, fondle

acaso, perhaps, possibly; por ——, by chance

acatamiento, veneration, respect

acceso, access

accidente, m., accident, occurrence

acción, action, battle

aceleradamente, swiftly; hurriedly

acento, accent; tone

aceptable, acceptable

aceptar, to accept

acera (for facera), facing, frontage; row (of houses), sidewalk

acerca de, about, concerning

acercarse, to approach, draw near

acero, steel

acomodar, to accommodate, suit

acompañar, to accompany, join

acondicionar, to dispose, arrange

aconsejar, to counsel, advise

acontecer, to happen

acontecimiento, happening, event, incident

acordarse, to remember

acosar, to pursue, beset

acostar, to put to bed

acostarse, to go to bed

acostumbrar, to accustom, be accustomed

acreditar, to credit, prove

acritud, acrimony, sharpness, harshness

activo, -a, active

acto, act; en el ——, at once

actual, present

actualidad, present time

acudir, to hasten, respond

acuerdo, accord, agreement; de —— con, in accord with

acusar, to accuse; to announce (at cards)

achaque, m., chronic disease or trouble

adelantar, to advance, go on

adelante, forward; en ——, henceforth

ademán, m., motion of the hand, attitude, gesture, look

además, moreover, besides

adicto, -a, devoted

adiós, adieu, good-by

adminículo, aid, help, contrivance

administración, administration

administrador, administrator

admirable, admirable

admirablemente, admirably

admirar, to admire

admisible, admissible, welcome

admitir, to allow, accept

adolecer, to suffer, be afflicted

adonde, where, to where

adorable, adorable

adoración, adoration

adorar, to adore

adquirir, to acquire

adversario, adversary

advertir, to inform, warn

afabilidad, affability

afable, affable

afán, m., anxiety, eagerness, toil

afanosamente, anxiously; eagerly

afanoso, -a, anxious, earnest

afección, affection, ailment

afecto, affection

afecto, -a, subject to, liable to

afectuoso, -a, affectionate, friendly

afeitar, to shave

afición, affection

afilado, -a, sharp, drawn

afilar, to edge, sharpen, point

afligir, to afflict

afortunadamente, fortunately

afortunado, -a, fortunate

agenciar, to effect, obtain, try to effect

agente, agent

agonizar, to be in death agony

agradecer, to thank, give thanks; to be grateful to a person for a thing

agradecimiento, gratitude

agravante, aggravating, annoying

agregar, to aggregate, add

agrio, -a, acrid, sour, rough, rude

agrónomo, agriculturist; perito ——, land expert

agua, water

aguantar, to bear, stand, endure

aguardar, to await, expect

agudo, -a, acute, keen, sharp

aguja, needle

agujerear, to pierce

¡ah! ah!

ahí, there, yonder

ahogar, to stifle, overpower, oppress

ahora, now; —— mismo, right now

ahorcar, to hang

ahorrar, to save, spare

ahumar, to smoke

aire, m., air, manner

ajeno, -a, alien, strange, foreign, of another, another's

ajustar, to adjust

alarde, m., parade, show

alargar, to hand, reach, pass

alarma, alarm

alarmar, to alarm

albergar, to harbor, shelter

albor, dawn

Albornoz, place name

alborotar, to arouse, excite, stir up

alcanzar, to reach, overtake, include

alcoba, alcove, bedroom; —— de honor, best bedroom, guest chamber

alegar, to allege, affirm

alegrar, to cheer, cheer up; —se, to rejoice, be glad

alegre, gay, merry

alegremente, joyfully

alegría, joy, cheerfulness, gaiety

alejar, to put far or away, remove

alejarse, to retreat, depart, go away

alevoso, -a, treacherous

alfeñique, m., taffy, candy

alfombra, carpet

Alfonso, Alphonse

algo, neuter of alguno, somewhat, something, anything

algodón, m., cotton; —— en rama, cotton wool (in bulk)

alguien, somebody, anybody, some one, any one

algún, alguno, -a, some, any; alguno que otro, one and another, some, a few

alhaja, jewel

alimentar, to feed, sustain

aliviar, to alleviate, relieve

alma, soul, heart; —— de dios, blessed one; de mi ——, my dear or beloved...

almohada, pillow, bolster

almorzar, to breakfast

almuerzo, breakfast

alquilar, to let, rent; se alquila, for rent

alteración, alteration, change

altercado, controversy, quarrel

alternativamente, alternately

altivez, pride, haughtiness

alto, -a, high, tall; en ——, on high

Álvarez, the marquis

Álvaro, Don Alvaro (the marquis)

alzar, to put alto, raise; —se, to arise

allá, there, to there, thither

allí, there

ama, mistress, nurse; —— de huéspedes, boarding-house keeper; —— de leche, wet nurse

amabilidad, amiability, kindness

amabilísimo, -a, most amiable

amable, amiable, kind

amamantar, to nurse, suckle

amanecer, to dawn, become morning

amansar, to tame down, soften

amapola, poppy

amar, to love

amargo, -a, bitter

ambos, -as, both

amenazar, to menace, threaten

ameno, -a, pleasant, agreeable. (Cf. Eng. amenity)

América, America

amigo, -a, friend

amnistiar, to grant amnesty to, pardon, pacify

amodorramiento, stupor; heavy sleep

amor, love; pl., love affair; —— propio, vanity, pride; requerir de —es, to woo, court

amoroso, -a, loving, affectionate

amortajar, to shroud

amostazar, to provoke; —se, to be exasperated, fly into a passion

amparar, to protect, assist

amparo, protection

amputación, amputation

análisis, analysis

anchura, breadth

anchuroso, -a, spacious

andar, to go, move along, walk

ángel, m., angel

angelical, angelical

angustia, anguish, affliction

Angustias, the heroine

anhelar (really to pant after; cf. Eng. in-hale, ex-hale), to crave, long for, be eager to

anillo, ring

animal, animal-like, animal

animar, to animate

ánimo, mind, purpose

anoche, last night

anochecer, to become night or dark

ansia, eagerness, anxiety

ante, before; —— todo, especially

anteanoche, the night before last

antedicho, -a, aforesaid

anteojo, telescope, eyeglass; pl., spectacles

anterior, anterior, previous

anterioridad, anteriority; con ——, previously

antes, before, formerly; —— bien, on the contrary, rather; —— de, before

antevíspera, two days before

anticipación, anticipation; con —— debida, in plenty of time

antiguamente, formerly, anciently

antiguo, -a, ancient, old

anual, annual

anular, to annul, nullify, eclipse

anunciar, to announce

añadir, to add

año, year

apaciblemente, peacefully

aparato, apparatus

aparatoso, -a, showy, dressy, fine, stately, splendid, brilliant

aparecer, to appear

aparentar, to pretend, seem

aparente, apparent

apariencia, appearance

apartar, to remove, put aside

apasionado, -a, passionate

apear, to get on foot, alight, dismount

apelar (a), to appeal, have recourse to

apellidar, to name, call; —se, to be named

apenas, hardly, scarcely

ápice, m., apex, point, jot; en un ——, in any particular

aplacar, to appease, pacify

aplaudir, to applaud

aplauso, applause

apoderarse de, to seize, take possession of

aposento, room, apartment

apoyar, to rest, lean, support

apoyo, support, prop

aprecio, appreciation, esteem

apresuradamente, hastily

apresuramiento, eagerness, haste

apresurarse, to hasten, be pressed, hurry

apretar, to press, bear on; ¡Apriete usted! "Pile it on!"

apuntar, to write down, note; to begin to sprout, appear.

apurar, to consume, exhaust; —se, to grieve, be afflicted, worry

apuro, distress, want, affliction

aquel, aquella, that

aquél, aquélla, aquello, the one, that one, that matter

aquí, here; por ——, here, this way

Aragón, Aragón (the province in northern Spain)

aragonés, -esa, Aragonese

archivo, archives

arder, to burn, blaze

ardiente, ardent, burning

ardoroso, -a, fiery

arengar, to harangue, urge on

aristócrata, m., aristocrat

arma, arm, weapon; pasar por las —s, to shoot, execute (by shooting)

armar, to arm, set up, start; —se, to begin (a row)

Armida, the sorceress (in Tasso's Jerusalem Delivered and in Gluck's opera Armida)

armónico, -a, harmonious

arrancar, to snatch, tear off, jerk

arranque, m., shock, outburst, impulse

arrastrar, to drag, trail; —se, to last long

¡arre! get up! (said to a horse or a mule)

arrebato, fit of passion, rush, impulse

arreglar, to regulate, adjust

arreglo, rule, order, arrangement; con —— a, in keeping with

arremeter, to assail, attack

arrepentimiento, repentance

arrepentirse, to repent

arresto, arrest

arrimo, prop, relative, connection, intimate friends

arrobamiento, rapture, delight

arrojar, to throw, dash

arroyo, brook, gutter

arruinado, -a, tumble-down

arruinar, to ruin

arte, m. or f., art, skill, way, manner

articular, to articulate, join, fit together

artículo, article

asaz (old word), enough, very

asegurar, to assure

asesinar, to assassinate

asesor, counselor, attorney

asesorar, to counsel, advise

así, so, thus; cosa ——, some such thing; —— como, just as, like; ——... como,... as well as...; —— que, as soon as; —— y todo, with all that, anyway

asiento, seat

asimismo, likewise, just the same way

asistir, to assist, be present, prompt

asomada, appearance, looking (as from a window)

asomarse, to appear, look, peep out

asombro, amazement, astonishment

asomo, appearance, trace, sign

aspecto, aspect, appearance

áspero, -a, harsh, rough

astro, star

asturiano, -a, Asturian; of the province of Asturias; Asturian dialect

asunto, subject, matter, business

asustadizo, -a, timid, bashful; poco —s, bold and bad

asustar, to frighten; —se, to take fright

atajar, to cut off, head off

atajo, short cut

atar, to bind, tie

Ataulfo, the Visigoth king, assassinated 415 A.D.

atención, attention

atender, to attend

atendible, worthy of attention, important

atento, -a, attentive, polite

aterrar, to terrify

atildado, -a, neat, trim, spruce

atormentar, to torment, trouble

atraer, to attract, draw

atranque, m., difficulty, tight place

atrás, back, backward, behind

atravesar, to traverse, cross, pierce, block

atreverse, to dare

atrevido, -a, bold, daring

atril, m., reading-desk (as in a pew)

atrocidad, atrocity, atrocious thing

atropellar, to trample down, rush over, excite, flurry

atroz, atrocious, fierce

atusar, to stroke, smooth out, twist, curl

audiencia, audience, hearing

aullido, howl

aumentar, to augment, enlarge

aumento, increase

aun, aún, yet, even

aunque, although; even though; but

ausencia, absence

austero, -a, austere, stern

auto, legal act, edict, decision

autómata, m., automaton, automatic or self-acting thing

autor, author

autoridad, authority

auxiliar, m. or f., auxiliary, helper

auxiliar, to assist, aid

avanzar, to advance

avaro, -a, avaricious, miserly; miser

aversión, aversion, dislike

avisar, to advise, inform, warn

aviso, notice, advice, information; estar sobre ——, to be on one's guard

¡ay! alas! oh! ah! ayes, m. pl., sighs, lamentations

ayer, yesterday

ayuda, aid, help

ayudar, to aid, help

azahar, m., fragrant flower (of orange, lemon, etc.)

Azpeitia, a town in Guipúzcoa

azúcar, m., sugar

azucena, lily

azufre, m., sulphur

B

¡bah! bah! pshaw!

bajar, to lower; —se, to descend, stoop

bajo, -a, low, short; piso ——, groundfloor

bajo, under, beneath

Bajo-Aragón, Lower Aragon

bala, ball, bullet

balazo, wound (from a bullet)

balbucear, to stammer

balde: de—— , gratis, for nothing

bañar[se], to bathe

baraja, pack of playing cards

barato, -a, cheap; meter a —— , to cross, discredit; to cloud (the issue)

barbaridad, barbarity, rude remark

Barbastro, the fictitious Carlist general, father of Angustias

barricada, barricade, obstruction

barro, clay, dirt, trash; money (cf. "filthy lucre")

barruntar, to foresee

base, f., base, basis

basilisco, basilisk (fabulous creature with a fierce eye); está hecho un ——, he flies into a fury

basquiña, skirt, outer skirt

bastante, sufficiently, enough

bastar, to suffice, be enough; ¡basta! [it is] enough!

bastón, m., cane, stick

bata, dressing gown

batalla, battle; —— campal, pitched battle

batallador, -ora, fighting, warlike

batallar, to battle, fight

batir, to beat; —— palmas, to clap the hands; —se, to fight

baúl, m., trunk, box

Baus: see Tamayo

bautizar, to baptize; (of wine) to weaken, dilute with water

beber, to drink

beldad, beauty, belle

belicoso, -a, bellicose, warlike

bello, -a, beautiful, handsome

bendecir, to bless

bendición, benediction, blessing

bendito, -a, blessed, sainted

beneficio, benefit, advantage

benevolencia, good will, benevolence, kindness

benévolo, -a, benevolent

benignidad, kindness

besar, to kiss

beso, kiss

biblioteca, library

bicho, insect; —— viviente, living creature

bien, well, very well, rather, very, willingly, certainly; —— que, although; más ——, rather; no ——, no sooner than, as soon as; si ——, although

bien, m., good, good thing; pl., —es, goods, property; hombre de ——, worthy, honest man; mujer de ——, worthy, honest woman

¡bien! all right!

bienestar, m., well-being, comfort

bigote, m., mustache

Bilbao, Bilbao, the seaport on Bay of Biscay

billete, m., letter, note, ticket

blanco, -a, white

blandura, gentleness, mildness, amiableness

blanquísimo, -a, very white

boca, mouth

boda, marriage, wedding. (Same as our words vote, vow)

bolsillo, pocket, pocketbook

bomba, bomb

bondad, goodness, kindness

bondoso, -a, bounteous

bonitamente, nicely, quietly

bonito, -a, nice, pretty

bordar, to embroider

borde, m., border, edge

bordo, board; a ——, on board, aboard

borrador, rough draft

borrasca, storm, squall

borrosamente, indistinctly

bosque, m., forest, woods

botar, to butt, thrust, bound

bote, m., thrust; bound; rebound

botella, bottle

botica, apothecary shop, drugstore

boticario, druggist

bozo, down, soft beard

bracete, m. dim. of brazo; de ——, on the arm

bramar, to bellow, roar

bravo, -a, brave, wild

bravura, bravery, courage

brazo, arm

bregar, to contend, struggle

breve, brief, short

bribón, -ona, knavish, roguish; f., hussy, wench (Delilah)

brida, bridle; reins

brillante, m., brilliant, diamond.

brinco, leap, jump, start

brindarse, to offer one's self, volunteer

broche, m., brooch, jeweled pin

broma, jest, joke; dar —s, to make jokes

bromear, to jest, crack jokes

brotar, to gush, burst out

buen, bueno, -a, good; well; meterse en buena, to get into a pretty scrape; darse a buenas, to give up beaten

¡bueno! good! all right!

Buen Retiro, "Good Retreat" (public garden in Madrid)

Buen Suceso, "Good Event" (former church in Madrid)

buhardilla, small garret, garret-window

bula, papal bull, edict

buque, m., boat, ship

burla, mockery, jesting

burlarse, to mock, ridicule, guy

burlón, -ona, mocking, jesting

busca, f., search

buscar, to seek, search

butaca, f., large armchair

C

cabal, real, true, perfect

caballería, cavalry, chivalry; libros de —s, books of chivalry

caballero, cavalier, gentleman, sir

caballeroso, -a, chivalrous, noble, generous

caballo, horse; a ——, on horseback; con cinco mil de a ——, with 5000 [devils] on horseback

cabecera, head (of the bed)

cabecilla, m., insurgent leader, chief (of a faction)

cabello, hair

caber, to be contained, be possible

cabeza, head; —— de hierro, stubborn person

cabo, end; al ——, finally, after all

cabra, goat

cada, each, every; —— vez más, more and more

cadáver, m., corpse

cadena, chain

cadete, cadet (military student)

caer, to fall; caiga el que caiga, happen what may; —— en la cuenta de que, to remember, notice

café, m., cafe, restaurant

Caín, Cain (the Bible name); las de ——, hard time, tortures

caja, box, case; tener el pulso en ——, to have pulse within bounds, normal, or regular

calabaza, gourd; dar ——s, to give the mitten

calaverada, prank

calcetín, m., sock

caldito, dim. of caldo, q.v.

caldo, soup; broth

calentura, fever, heat

calidad, quality, rank

calificar (de), to qualify as, call, describe as

calma, calmness; dar ——, to discount, joke about

calmar, to calm, quiet

calumniar, to calumniate, slander

calumnioso, -a, slanderous

callar, to be silent

calle, f., street, way; —s de Dios, blessed streets

cama, bed; caer en ——, to take to one's bed

camaleón, chameleon

cambiar, to change; —— de estilo, to change in style

cambio, change; en ——, on the other hand

camilla, dim. of cama, cot, stretcher

camino, road, way

camisa, shirt

camorra, quarrel, dispute

campal: batalla—— , pitched battle

campanilla, little bell

campaña, field, campaign

campesino, peasant

campo, field, country

canal, m., canal, channel

canalla, rabble; wretch

canana, cartridge belt

¡canastos! baskets! (disguised oath)

canción, song; pl., fig., irrelevant matters, nonsense

canicular, of dog days

cansar, to weary, tire; —se, to become weary

cantar, to sing

cantidad, quantity

canto, singing

capaz, capable

capilla, chapel

capitán, captain

capítulo, chapter; session; llamar a ——, to call to account

capricho, caprice, whim

cara, face, front

¡caracoles! snails! (disguised oath)

carácter, m., character

¡caramba! the deuce! (disguised oath)

carcajada, loud laugh, hearty laugh; soltar la ——, to burst out laughing

cardinal, cardinal, important

carecer (de), to lack

cargar, to charge, load; —— con, to take up and carry

cargo, charge, account; office; hacerse —— de, to take into consideration

caridad, charity

cariño, love

cariñoso, -a, affectionate

caritativo, -a, charitable

carlista, m., Carlist (follower of Carlos)

Carlos, Charles; Don ——, the absolutist leader, claimant to the Spanish throne, died 1855

carne, f., flesh, meat; tener —— de perro, to be tough as a dog

carnero, sheep

carrera, road, street, avenue

Carrillo, maiden name of Angustias's mother

carruaje, carriage, vehicle

carta, letter

casa, house, home; —— de huéspedes, boarding-house; —— mortuoria, house of mourning

casar, to marry, marry off; por ——, marriageable; —se con, to marry, get married to

casero, -a, domestic

casi, almost; —— nada, almost not at all, very little

casilla, small house, hut; beaten path; pl., squares of chessboard; sacar de —s, to put out, exasperate

casino, casino, club

caso, case, fact, condition, event; hacer —— a, to heed, pay attention to; no hace al ——, it doesn't matter; pero no estamos en ese ——, but that is not our situation

¡cáspita! the deuce! (disguised oath)

castigo, chastisement, punishment

castillo, castle, prison

casto, -a, chaste, pure

catástrofe, f., catastrophe, disaster

catecúmeno, catechumen, novice, beginner in religion

categoría, category, rank

caudal, m., capital, property

caudillo, chieftain, leader

causa, f., cause, process, lawsuit; a —— de, because of; formar ——, to bring suit or action

causar, to cause, produce

caviloso, -a, captious, quarreling

cazador, hunter, chasseur (soldier in the light troops called cazadores)

cazar, to chase, hunt

ceder, to cede, yield

cegar, to blind

celebración, praise

celebrado, -a, praised, famous

celebrar, to celebrate, praise

célebre, celebrated, famous

celestial, celestial, heavenly

celo, zeal

cementerio, cemetery

cenceno, -a, thin, lean

cera, wax

cerca, near, about; —— de, near, about

cercanía, vicinity; pl., —s, environs, vicinity

cerebral, cerebral, of the brain

ceremonia, ceremony, formality

ceremonioso, -a, ceremonious

cerrar, to close, shut

cervata, humorously formed femimine of cervato, q.v.

cervato, fawn, deer

cesar, to cease, stop

cicatriz f., scar

cielo, heaven, sky; cara de ——, heavenly face

cien: see ciento

ciencia, science

ciento, (a, one) hundred

cierto, -a, certain, a certain, true

cifrar, to figure, count, base. (Cf. Eng. decipher)

cigarrillo, cigarette

cinco, five

cincuenta, fifty

circunstancia, circumstance

cirugía, surgery

citar, to cite, mention; —se, to make an appointment

civil, civil

clamar (older form of llamar), to cry out, wail

claro, -a, clear, plain

clase, f., class, rank, kind

clasificación, classification

clavar (en), to nail, fix, root, fasten; to stab

clavo, nail

cobarde, m., coward

cobardía, cowardice

cocinero, -a, cook

cocodrilo, crocodile; lágrimas de ——, crocodile tears, false grief

coche, m., coach

coger, to gather, seize, catch, take

cohonestar, to give an honest appearance to; to excuse

coincidir, to coincide, agree with

cojo, -a, crippled, lame

colchón, mattress

colegio, school, college

cólera, choler, anger; montar en ——, to fly into a passion

colgar, to hang; colgado, hanging

colocación, employment, position, job

colocar, to place, station, locate

color, color, hue

colorado, -a, red; ponerse ——, to blush

comandante, commander

combate, m., combat, fight

comedia, comedy

comedor, dining-room

comenzar, to commence, begin

comer, to eat; derecho a tener qué ——, right to have something to eat, to live

como, as, as if, like; —— de, of about; —— no sea [que], unless; —— quiera que, although, since, however

¿cómo? how? what? ¿a —— estamos hoy? what is the day of the month? ¿—— así? how so?

cómodo, -a, convenient

compadecer, to pity

compaña (older form of compañía), company, society

compasivo, -a, compassionate, kind

complacer, to please

complacido, -a, pleased, satisfied, contented

complaciente, complacent, pleasing

completamente, completely

completo, -a, complete, entire

comprar, to buy

comprender, to comprehend, understand, comprise

comprometer, to compromise, put at a disadvantage

común, common

con, with, by

concebir, to conceive

conceder, to concede, grant

concepto, concept, idea, thought, opinion; en tal ——, on such a basis

concesión, concession, grant

conciencia, conscience

concluir, to conclude

condado, countship, title or dignity of count

conde, count

condenar, to condemn

condesa, countess

condición, condition, quality, rank

condoler, to pity; —se de, to be sorry for, have pity on

conducción, transfer, taking, conveyance

conducir, to conduct, take

conducta, conduct

conejo, rabbit

conferencia, conference, interview

confesar, to confess, admit

confesor, confessor

confianza, confidence

confiar, to intrust

conforme, conformable, agreed; adv., as

confusión, confusion

congoja, affliction, choking spell

conjetura, conjecture

conjunto, make-up, composite

conllevar, to display, bear

conmigo, with me

conmiseración, commiseration

conmoción, commotion, excitement

conmover, to move, arouse, shock

conocer, to know, be acquainted with, perceive, see

conocimiento, consciousness, knowledge; poner en ——, to let know

conque, so, so then

consecuencia, consequence, result; a —— de, por —— de, in consequence of

conseguir, to succeed in

consejo, advice, counsel; council

consentido, -a, indulged, spoiled

consentimiento, consent

consentir (en), to consent to, agree on

conservar, to preserve, keep

consideración, consideration

considerar, to consider

consigo, with himself, with herself, with itself, with themselves

consiguiente, consequent; de ——, por ——, in consequence, consequently

consistir, to consist

consolar, to console, comfort

consolidarse, to consolidate, grow firm, knit (as bone)

consorte, m. or f., consort (wife, husband)

constante, constant

constantemente, constantly

constar, to be clear, well made out

consternado, -a, in consternation

construir, to construct, build

consuelo, consolation, comfort

consumación, consummation, completion

contador, accountant, overseer

contaduría, place of accounting, office

contar, to recount, tell, relate, consider; —— con, to count on

contemplar, to contemplate, look at

contento, -a, contented, pleased

contestación, answer

contestar, to answer

contienda, conflict, contest, fight

contigo, with thee, with you

continuamente, continually

continuar, to continue, go on

contra: en—— (de), against, in the negative

contraria, contrary, opposition; llevar la ——, to oppose, contradict

contrariedad, contrariety, vexation

contrario, -a, contrary; al ——, por el ——, on the contrary

controversia, controversy

contundir, to bruise

conturbar, to disturb, worry

convalecencia, convalescence

convaleciente, convalescent

convencer, to convince

convenido, one who agrees, signer (of a treaty)

convenio, convention, treaty

convenirse (en), to agree to; convenido, signer

convento, convent

conversación, conversation

convertir, to convert, turn

convicción, conviction

copiar, to copy; —— en limpio, to copy neatly

copla, stanza

coqueta, coquette

corazón, m., heart

corbata, cravat

Córdoba, Cordova

cordón, m., cord, cordon

coronamiento, crowning, finishing

coronita, coronet (little crown)

correctísimamente, most correctly

correcto, -a, correct

correr, to run; —— con, to keep up with, meet (expenses)

correspondencia, correspondence; return (of love)

corresponder, to belong

correspondientemente, accordingly

cortar, to cut, cut off, cut to the quick

corte, f., court; capital, Madrid

cortes, f. pl., the national assembly (of Spain)

cortés, courteous

cortesía, courtesy, politeness

corto, -a, short; short of words, abashed, dull

cosa, thing, affair; —— así, some such thing; —— de, something like, about

coser, to sew

costa, cost

costar, to cost

costear, to stand the expense of, pay for

costumbre, custom; de ——, customary, usual; según ——, as usual

coyuntura, conjuncture, occasion

crear, to create

crédito, credit, credence

creer, to believe, think

criada, maidservant

criar, to create, raise, produce, breed, bring up, rear; —se, to grow up

crisma ("the christened part"), head; romper la ——, to break the head, crack the pate; romperse la —— con, fam., to come to blows with, pitch into, have a fight with

cristal, m., glass

cristiano, -a, Christian

Cristo, Christ, image of Christ

crucificar, to crucify, torture, torment

cruel, cruel

crueldad, cruelty

cruz, f., cross, crucifix

cruzar, to cross (cf. cruise), exchange, pass

cuadro, picture, scene

cuadruplicar, to quadruple, make fourfold

cual: el ——, la ——, lo ——, who, that, which, what; por lo ——, for which (reason); tal o ——, some... or other, this or that

cual, as, like; —— si, as if

¿cuál? which? what? which one?

cualquiera, any one; anybody, the first that comes along

cuando, when; de vez en ——, from time to time

¿cuándo? when?

cuanto, -a, as much as, as many as; pl., all; en ——, as soon as, when; en —— a, as to, in regard to

¿cuánto, -a? how much? pl., how many?

cuarenta, forty; acusar las ——, to announce forty points, announce a winning hand (at tute)

cuarentón, -ona, forty years old

cuartel, m., (soldier's) quarters, barracks

cuartito, small room

cuarto, fourth part, quarter; room, apartment; small coin, farthing; story, floor; —— bajo, ground floor; echar su —— a espadas, to put (bet) one's pennies on spades (at cards), put in, meddle, take part in

cuarto, -a, fourth

cuatro, four

cuchillada, stab, cutting; —s, fight, affray (with knives); andar a —s, to come to blows

cuchillo, knife (one-bladed)

cuello, neck

cuenta, count, account, bill, affair; a ——, on account; caer en la —— de que, to notice; —— que, and just consider

cuerda, cord, rope; dar ——, to wind up (first used of an old-style clock), lead on

cuerpo, body, corps

cuestión, question, dispute, problem; se plantea la ——, the question takes shape, matters grow acute

¡cuidadito! dim. of cuidado, be pretty careful!

cuidado, care, attention; pierda usted ——, don't worry; tener —— con, to be careful of

¡cuidado! take care! look out! it's a caution!

cuidar, to take care, be careful, care for, attend to

cuitado, -a, done up, sick, wretched

culebrina, little culebra (snake); culverin (cannon); flash (of gun); ¡rayos y —s! blazes! (disguised oath)

culpa, fault

cumplimentero, -a, flattering, full of compliments

cumplir, to fulfill; —— con, to comply with

cura, care, cure, treatment

cura, m., curate, priest

curación, cure, treatment

curar, to cure, treat, attend to, care for

curiosidad, curiosity

cuyo, -a, whose, of whom

CH

Champagne (Fr.), f., Champagne (the wine)

chanza, jest

charlar, to chat, gossip

chasco, disappointment, sell, bunco

chico, -a, little boy, little girl

chiquillo, -a, little one, child

chismoso, tale-bearer, tattler, meddler

chocar, to shock, strike

chocolate, m., chocolate

D

D.: see don

Da. or Dª.: see doña

¡dale! hang it! ¡—— que ——! harp on it! keep it up!

dama, lady

damasco, damask, crimson

damisela, damsel, young lady

danza, dance; —— de monos, monkey dance, something funny

daño, damage, harm, injury

dar, to give (but often used for other verbs as Eng. uses take sick for become sick; make a train, etc.); to hit, occur, take, etc.; —— a, to open on; —— un paso, to take a step; se da a buenas, gives right up

dado que, granted that, if

de, of, from; —— punta, on end; más ——, menos ——, more than, less than; vestído —— negro, dressed in black; caer —— rodillas, fall on the knees; triste —— mí, sad that I am; ponerse —— pie, stand up; tirar ——, pull

debajo (de), below, under; por —— de, underneath

debate, m., debate, discussion

deber, to owe, ought, must

deber, m., duty, obligation

debido, -a, due

débil, weak

debilidad, weakness

decaer, to decay, deteriorate

decente, decent, respectable, honest

decir, to say, tell; dijérase, one would say; he dicho, I have said (formal close of speech, like amen of a prayer); por mejor ——, más bien dicho, or better said

declamar, to declaim, cry out

declaración, declaration

declarar, to declare

decorosamente, with decorum

decretar, to decree, settle, decide

dedicar, to dedicate

dedo, finger

deducción, deduction

deducir, to deduce, infer

defender, to defend

definir, to define, explain

definitivo, -a, definitive, final

defraudar, to cheat

deidad, deity

dejar, to leave, allow; —— de, to fail to, cease from, leave off

delante: —— de, por —— de, before, in front of

delgado, -a, delicate, slender, thin

delicadísimo, -a, very delicate, dainty

delicado, -a, delicate

delicioso, -a, delicious, delightful

delirar, to be delirious

delirio, delirium, raving

demás, besides; los ——, the others, the rest; por lo ——, besides, as for the rest

demasiado, -a, too much, excessive, more than enough

demasiado, too, too much

demonio, demon, devil

demostrar, to demonstrate,prove

denegar, to deny, refuse

denodado, -a, bold, daring

dentro, inside; —— de, within; por ——, inwardly, within

deparar, to offer, furnish, give

derecho, right, right side; just claim

derecho, -a, right, straight

derramar, to shed, pour out, spill

derretir, to melt, thaw

derrotar, to rout, defeat

desabrimiento, an act in bad taste, rudeness

desacato, disrespect, incivility

desafiar, to defy, challenge

desagradecido, -a, ungrateful

desagrado, displeasure

desamparado, -a, unprotected, uncared for

desangrar, to bleed; —se, to keep bleeding, bleed to death

desapacible, gruff, cross

desapaciblemente, gruffly

desarrollo, development, improvement

desasosiego, restlessness, uneasiness

desatender, to disregard, ignore

desbaratar, to spoil, joke

descansar, to rest, repose

descarga, discharge

descomponer, to discompose, put out of temper, make angry

desconfianza, distrust

desconocido, -a, unknown, stranger

descontento, discontent

describir, to describe

descubrir, to discover

descuidar, to neglect, heed not, care not

desde, from, after, since; —— luego, from the first, at once, immediately; —— que, from the time that, since

desdeñar, to disdain

desdichado, -a, unfortunate person

desdoblar, to unfold

desdorar, to ungild, tarnish, dishonor

desear, to desire

desentenderse, to pretend not to notice, not let on, ignore

deseoso, -a, desirous

desesperación, desperation, despair, despondency

desesperado, -a, desperate

desesperar, to make despair, drive to despair

desfavorable, unfavorable

desgarrador, -ora, heart-rending

desgracia, misfortune, mishap

desgraciado, -a, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky

deshonrar, to dishonor

desigual, unequal, unlike

deslinde, m., border line, demarcation, elucidation

deslizar, to glance, graze

desmantelar, to dismantle, strip

desmentido, -a, given the lie, riddled, shown up

desmentir, to contradict, give the lie to

desoír, to pretend not to hear, ignore

despedida, leave-taking

despedirse, to take leave, bid farewell

despeinado, -a, mussed up, uncombed

despensero, buyer, steward

desperdiciar, to waste, miss

despertar, to wake, awaken

despilfarrar, to squander, waste

despistar, to throw off the scent or track

despreciar, to despise, scorn

despreciativo, -a, depreciative, scornful

desprecio, scorn, contempt

despropósito, absurdity

después, afterwards; —— de, after

destempladamente, with ill temper, angrily

destetar, to wean, take from the breast

destino, destiny, fate

destrozar, to destroy, shatter

desventura, misfortune; por ——, unfortunately

desventurado, -a, unfortunate, wretched; wretch

desvergonzado, -a, shameless, impudent

desvinculado, -a, run down, at loose ends

desvío, aversion, coldness

detener, to detain, stop; —se, to stop

determinable, determinable, definable

detestar, to detest, hate

detrás, behind; —— de, behind, after

devanar, to wind (as on a spool); —se los sesos, to rack one's brain

devengar, to receive, earn (as salary)

devolver, to restore, return

devorar, to devour

día, m., day; buenos —s, good morning; de ——, by day; ocho —s, a week; quince —s, a fortnight; todos los —s, every day

diablo, devil; ¿Dónde —s? Where (in) the deuce?

diagnóstico, diagnosis, decision (as to the disease)

diantre, m., deuce; que —— de hombre, what a deuce of a fellow

diario, newspaper

diario, -a, daily

dibujo, sketch, drawing; description, characterization

dictado, title

dicha, happiness

dichosísimo, -a, very happy, blessed

dichoso, -a, happy (euphemistic for accursed), blessed

diez, ten

diferencia, difference

diferenciar, to differ

diferente, different, several

difunto, -a, (defunct), dead, deceased

dignarse, to deign

dignidad, dignity

digno, -a, worthy

dilatado, -a, deferred, belated

dilema, m., dilemma

diligente, diligent

dilucidar, to elucidate, make clear

dimitir, to give up. (Cf. Eng. demission)

dinero, money

Dios, God; calles de ——, blessed streets (used as oath); se armará la de —— es Cristo, will start a row (like old religious disputes)

diosa, goddess

dirección, direction

dirigir, to direct, address

discípulo, disciple, pupil

discordia, discord, disagreement

disculpa, excuse

discurrir, to scheme, plan

discurso, discourse

discusión, discussion

discutir, to discuss, argue over

disfrazar, to disguise, hide

disimular, to dissemble, hide

disipado, -a, dissipated, dissolute

disparar, to discharge, fire, shoot; —— contra, to shoot at

disparatar, to speak foolishly, talk nonsense

disparate, m., nonsense

dispensar (de), to dispense, grant, excuse

disponer (de), to dispose of, have (at one's disposal)

dispositivo, -a, disposing, preliminary

dispuesto, -a, disposed, ready

disputar, to dispute

distancia, distance

distinguido, -a, distinguished

distinguir, to distinguish

distraer, to distract

diverso, -a, different, diverse

dividir, to divide

divorcio, divorce

doblar, to double, fold, turn (the page)

doce, twelve; las ——, twelve o'clock

doctor, doctor

doler, to pain, hurt

dolor, pain, grief, sorrow

doloroso, -a, painful, sorrowful

domesticar, to tame

doméstico, -a, domestic; servant

dominar, to dominate

Domingo, Dominick; plaza de Santo ——, square of St. Dominick (in Madrid)

don, m., don (title of respect placed only before a given name, like Sir in England)

don, m., gift, faculty

donaire, m., grace

doncella, maid, maiden

donde, where, in which

¿dónde? where? ¿de ——? whence?

donosamente, pleasantly, gracefully, cleverly

donoso, -a, graceful

doña, lady (title, with the given name, like Lady in England)

dormir, to sleep; —se, to go to sleep

dormitar, to doze

dos, two; las ——, two o'clock

drama, m., drama

duda, doubt

dudar, to doubt

dueño, owner

dulce, sweet, pleasant; sweetmeat, candy, candied fruits

dulcemente, pleasantly

dulcificar, to dulcify, sweeten, soften

dulzón, -ona, sweetish, too sweet

dulzura, sweetness, gentleness

duplicar, to duplicate, double

durante, during

durar, to endure, last

duro, the Spanish dollar, 5 pesetas, 20 reales

duro, -a, hard, severe

E

e, and (for y before initial i or hi)

¡ea! well! come! now! all right!

ébano, ebony

echar, to throw, cast, put (used often for other verbs); —— a, to begin to; —— la de, to pretend to be, try to be, act it

edad, age

educación, education

educar, to educate

efectivamente, in fact

efectividad, reality, real condition, nature

efectivo, -a, effective; hacer ——, to pay (money)

efecto, effect

eficaz, efficacious

eficazmente, efficaciously

efusión, effusion, heartiness

¿eh? eh?

ejecución, execution

ejecutar, to execute, carry out

ejemplo, example

ejercicio, exercise

ejército, army

él, ella, ello, he, she, it

el, la, lo, the; las dos, tres, etc., two o'clock, three o'clock, etc.

el que, la que, lo que, the one that

elegancia, elegance, style

elegante, elegant, delicate

elegíaco, -a, mournful, wailing

elocuencia, eloquence

elocuente, eloquent

elocuentísimo, -a, most eloquent

elogio, eulogy, praise

ello, it, the matter; —— es que, the fact is that

embargo, hindrance; sin ——, nevertheless

embozo, bed coverlet (the end at pillow)

embrollar, to entangle, confuse, embroil

emoción, emotion

empecatado, -a, wicked, sinful

empeñar, to engage, try; —se (en), to persist, strive (to)

empeño, zeal, desire, determination, effort

empero, however

empezar, to begin

empleo, office, position, job

en, in, on, into, at, to

enajenar, to alienate, sell, dispose of

enamorarse (de), to fall in love with

enarenar, to sand, cover with sand

encaminarse, to start (on one's way)

encanto, charm, enchantment

encarar, to face, meet

encargar, to charge; —se de, to take charge of, try, undertake

encargo, trust, charge, commission

encima, on, upon; —— de, on, over, on top of

encoger, to draw in or back, contract; —se de hombros, to shrug the shoulders

encomendar, to recommend, commit

encontrar[se], to encounter, meet, find; —— con, to meet with

encuentro, meeting; salir al ——, to go to meet

endiablado, -a, devilish, infernal, diabolical, confounded

enemigo, -a, enemy

enemistado, -a, hostile, made unfriendly

energía, energy

enérgico, -a, energetic, vigorous

energúmeno, demoniac, one possessed

énfasis, emphasis

enfermero, -a, nurse

enfermico, -a infirm, sickly

enfermizo, -a, infirm, half-sick

enfermo, sick man; invalid

enfrente, opposite; de ——, opposite

enfurruñado, -a, cross, angry

engañador, -ora, deceiving, deceitful

engañar, to deceive, cheat

enjaular, to cage, put in a cage

enojar, to anger, vex, annoy

enojo, anger, crossness

enrevesado, -a, wrong side out, intractable, stubborn

Enrique, Henry

ensangrentado, -a, blood-covered, stained, bloody

ensayo, essay, trial

entablillar, to put in splints

entender (de), to understand, hear; no —— de, not to understand, have nothing to do with; —se, to come to terms

enteramente, entirely

enterar, to inform, acquaint; —se (de), to be informed of

entereza, entireness, integrity, frankness

entero, -a, entire, whole, full

enterrar, to inter, bury

entierro, funeral, burial; —— mayor, first-class funeral

entonación, intonation, tone

entonces, then; en aquel ——, at that time; por ——, for the time

entornar, to half close

entrar, to enter, come in

entre, between, among; —tanto, meanwhile; —— las tres, we all three; among the three of us

entreabierto, -a, half-open[ed]

entrecejo, brow (between the eyebrows); fruncir el ——, to frown

entrecortado, -a, broken, cut into

entrega, delivery

entregar, to hand over, deliver

entretanto, meanwhile

entusiasmar, to fill with enthusiasm; to delight, fire, inspire

envenenar, to envenom, poison

enviado, envoy, one sent

enviar, to send; envío, I send

envidiable, enviable

enviudar, to become widowed

epilogar, to recapitulate, sum up; make an epilogue

época, epoch, period

equilibrio, equilibrium, balance, adjustment

equivocación, mistake, error

equivocar, to mistake; —se, to be mistaken

erguido, -a, erect

erguir, to erect; —se, to straighten up, rise up, draw one's self up

erizo, hedgehog, touchy person

error, error

escala, stairway, ladder

escalafón, m., rank-list (of army staff)

escalera, staircase, stairs

escalón, m., step (of a stair); por —es, in echelon (one squad shooting after another in turn)

escapar, to escape

escaramuza, skirmish

escarmentar, to be chary (from experience), wary, or alert

escaso, -a, scarce, scant, small

escatimar, to be stingy with, pinch, grudge

escena, scene

esclavitud, servitude, slavery

esclavo, slave

esconder, to hide, conceal

escopeta, musket, gun

escribir, to write

escrito, -a, written, decreed; estaría ——, it must have been fated (allusion to Bible "it is written")

escrupuloso, -a, scrupulous, conscientious

escuchar, to listen, listen to; to hear

escurrirse, to slip out, steal away. (Cf. Eng. scurry)

ese, esa, adj., that (near you), that

ése, ésa, eso, pron., that one; that matter; eso sí, that indeed; a eso de, along about

esfuerzo, effort, attempt

esmeralda, emerald

espada, sword; (at cards) spades

espalda, back

espaldar, m., back (of a chair)

espantar, to scare, shock, amaze

espanto, terror, fright

espantoso, -a, frightful

España, Spain

español, -a, Spanish

Espartero, the general and regent (1792-1879)

especie, f., species, kind, sort

espectáculo, spectacle

espejo, mirror

esperanza, hope, expectation

esperar, to hope, hope for, await

espirar, to expire, die

espléndido, -a, splendid, brilliant

espolear, to spur on

esposo, husband

esquina, corner

esquivo, -a, shy, bashful

establecer, to establish

estado, state, estate, class, staff, rank, condition

estallar, to burst

estancia, room

estar, to be, stay

estatua, statue

este, esta, adj., this

éste, ésta, esto, pron., this one, this, the latter; a todo esto, during all this; en esto, in the meantime

estilo, style, fashion

estimar, to esteem, consider

estómago, stomach

estratégicamente, strategically

estrechar, to press, hold close

estrecho, -a, narrow, straight, tight

estribor, starboard

estridente, noisy, harsh, shrill

estudiar, to study

estupefacto, -a, stupefied, in a stupor

estúpido, -a, stupid

etiamsi omnes, for etiam sic omnes, (Lat.) even thus all [men]; say: "'tis ever thus"

Eva, Eve

eventual, eventual, final

evidencia, evidence, sign

exabrupto, abrupt or sudden remark, break, outbreak

exacto, -a, exact

exagerar, to exaggerate

exasperar, to exasperate, irritate

excelencia, excellence, excellency

excelente, excellent

excelentísimo, -a, most excellent

excesivamente, excessively, extremely

excitar, to arouse

exclamación, exclamation

exclamar, to exclaim

exclusivo, -a, exclusive

excogitar, to cogitate, think, plan

excusado, -a, needless, useless

excusar, to excuse

expectación, expectation

expediente, claim, suit, petition

expedito, -a, expeditious, prompt, ready

expensas, f. pl., expense, charges

experimentar, to experience

experto, -a, expert, able

explayar, to spread; —se, to dilate, enlarge on

explicar, to explain

explorar, to explore

exponer, to expose, show, say. (Cf. expound)

expositivo, -a, expository, analytic

expositor, expounder, interpreter

expresar, to express

expresión, expression

expresivo, -a, expressive, polite

exquisito, -a, exquisite, delightful

extender, to extend, stretch out

extranjero, -a, foreign, strange; stranger, foreigner

extrañar, to find strange, wonder at, be amazed at

extraño, -a, strange; stranger

extraoficialmente, unofficially

extraordinario, -a, extraordinary, unusual

extravagancia, extravagance

extravagante, extravagant

extremo, extreme, end; por todo ——, in the extreme

F

fácil, easy

facilísimo, -a, extremely easy

facilitar, to facilitate

facultativo, (of the faculty) physician

falda, skirt, petticoat; women

falta, lack, need, fault; hacer ——, to be needed

faltar, to fail, be lacking; no faltaba más, that would be the last straw, would be worst of all

fallecer, to die

fama, fame, name

familia, family

famoso, -a, famous

fascinar, to fascinate, charm

fase, f., phase

fastidiar, to annoy, vex

fatal, fatal

fatalidad, fatality, fate

fatídico, -a, fatidical, fateful, ominous

fatiga, fatigue

fatigar, to fatigue, weary

favor, m., favor, compliment

favorable, favorable

favorecer, to favor, protect, help

faz, f., face

fe, f., faith; a ——, by my faith, most assuredly

fecha, date (as of a letter)

felicidad, felicity, happiness

feliz, happy, successful

felizmente, happily

feminino, -a, feminine

feo, -a, ugly

feria, fair, show; hacer —— (de), to show off

ferocidad, ferocity

feroz, ferocious, fierce, bold

ferro-carril, m., railroad. (Cf. hierro)

festivo, -a, gay, light (style)

fiebre, f., fever

fiera, wild beast

fiesta, feast, festival

figura, figure, form, shape

figurar, to figure, imagine

fijamente, fixedly

fijar, to fix; —se en, to fix the attention upon, stare at

fijo, -a, fixed

filiar, to give filiation or pedigree of, classify, give family tree of

filo, edge

filosóficamente, philosophically

filósofo, -a, philosophical; a lo ——, like a philosopher

fin, m., end, purpose; en ——, finally

Finados (día de los), All Souls' Day (day of the dead), November 2

fingir, to feign, pretend

fino, -a, fine, nice

finura, fineness, nicety

firmar, to sign

físico, -a, physical

fisiólogo, physiologist

fisonomía, physiognomy, face

flaqueza, slackness, feebleness, weakness

flor, f., flower; —es, compliments

floreos, m. pl., preludes, flourishes

florete, m., foil; tirar al ——, to brandish (as though fencing)

fluir, to flow

fogosidad, ardor, warmth

folio, folio; de a ——, voluminous, lengthy

fondo, depth, basis, bottom; en el ——, at bottom, essentially; irse a ——, to lunge with a sword

forado (old form for horado), hole (perforation)

forastero, foreigner, stranger

forma, form; en tal —— y manera, in such a way and manner

formal, formal, serious

formalidad, formality, exactness, correctness

formar, to form

fórmula, formula, motto

fortuna, fortune; por ——, luckily

forzosamente, perforce, necessarily

fractura, fracture, break

fracturar, to fracture, break

Francisco, Francis

franco, -a, frank, sincere

franqueza, frankness, sincerity

frase, f., phrase, short sentence

frecuente, frequent

frente, f., front, forehead; —— por ——, opposite, vis-à-vis

fresco, -a, fresh (new, cool); estar ——, to be in for it

frescura, coolness, sangfroid

frialdad, frigidity, coolness

frío, cold, coldness

frío, -a, cold

friolera, trifle

frontal, frontal, in front

fruncir, to knit, contract, frown

fuego, fire; hacer ——, to open fire; pegar —— a, to set on fire

fuer: a—— de, by law of, in keeping with, after the manner of

fuera de, away from, out of

fuero (same word as fuer), law

fuerte, strong

fuerza, force, power; pl., strength; a —— de, by dint of, by means of

fugaz, fleeting, passing

fulminante, like lightning, flashing, striking, overwhelming, killing

fundamento, foundation, reason

fundar, to found, establish

furia, fury

furiosamente, furiously, in wrath

furioso, -a, furious

fusil, m., gun

fusilar, to shoot

G

gabinete, m., cabinet, sitting-room, work room (usually without a bed)

gafas, f. pl., spectacles, goggles (with ear bows or temples)

gala, glory, pride, show. (Cf. Eng. gala day)

galanteador, admirer, beau, suitor

galantería, gallantry

Galicia, Galicia (the province, once a kingdom)

galoncillo, galloon, stripe (braid), lace

galoneado, -a, gallooned

gallardo, -a, gay, gallant, handsome, noble, splendid

gallego, -a, Gallegan, Galician, of Galicia (in Spain)

gallo, cock, rooster

gamo, buck (deer)

ganadería, live stock, cattle

ganar, to gain, earn, win

gargantilla, necklace. (Cf. garganta, throat)

garra, claw

gastar, to waste, use up, spend

gaveta, drawer

gemir, to moan, groan

general, general

general, m., general

generala, general's wife or widow

generalato, title or rank of general, generalship

género, genus, race

generosidad, generosity

generoso, -a, generous

geniazo, bad temper

genio, genius, nature, temper

gente, f., people

gentil, genteel, gentle, noble

gesto, gesture, grimace

girar, to gyrate, turn, circle; —— una visita, to make the rounds of visits

gladiador, gladiator (fencer)

gloria, glory

glosa, gloss, commentary

gobernar, to govern

gobierno, government

golpe, m., blow, shock

golpecito, light blow or knock

Gonzaga, Luis Gonzaga, father of Angustias

gorra, cap; —— de cuartel, (soldier's) foraging cap

gotear, to drop, drip

gozar, to enjoy

gozoso, -a, joyful

gracia, grace; pl., thanks

graciosísimo, -a, most gracious

gracioso, -a, graceful, pleasing, funny

grado, rank, grade

graduar, to grade, estimate, calculate

gramática, grammar

gran, grande, large, great, big, tall

grano, grain, seed; ir al ——, to come to the point, hit the nail on the head

gratitud, gratitude

grave, grave, serious

gravedad, gravity, seriousness

gravemente, gravely

gritar, to cry, shout

grito, cry, shout

Grullo, Pero Grullo, proper noun used proverbially to suggest pompous or sententious nothingness

gruñir, to grunt, grumble, growl

grupo, group

guapo, -a, spruce, pretty, elegant

guardar, to keep, preserve, pocket

guardia, guard; primera ——, first guard, prime (fencing term)

guarismo, figure (1, 2, 3, etc.)

guerra, war

guerrero, warrior

guía, f., guide; Guía de Forasteros, Strangers' Guide; the Spanish Blue Book (directory of army nobility)

guiñar, to wink

guipuzcoano, -a, native of Guipúzcoa province

guisa, wise, manner, way

gustar, to suit, please

gusto, taste, pleasure

H

haber, to have; impersonal, there being; hay, there is, are; hubo tiros, there were shots; he de, I have to, I must; habiendo, there being

habitación, dwelling, rooms

habitar, to live, dwell in

hábito, habit, costume

habitual, habitual, usual

hablar, to speak, talk

hacer, to make, do; —se, to become; —se a, to get used to; hace frío, it is cold; no hace al caso, it doesn't matter; hace dos años, two years ago; —— caso, to heed

hacia, towards

hacienda, estate, lands

hallar, to find; —se, to be; —se con que, to notice

hambre, f., hunger

harto, -a, full, sated; tired

harto, fully, enough, well enough

hasta, until, up to, as far as; even; —— [tanto] que, until

hay, there is, there are; —— que, one must

haz, f., surface, face

hazaña, deed, exploit

hazmerreír (a phrase like quehaceres, correveidile), m., laughing-stock

hechicero, -a, bewitching, charming

hechizo, charm

hecho, (thing done) deed, fact

hechura, form, kind, make, shape; tener ——, to be possible or feasible

hembra, woman, female

heredar, to inherit

heredero, heir

herencia, inheritance

herida, injury, wound

herido, wounded man

herir, to strike, wound

hermana, sister; prima ——, first cousin

hermano, brother; primo ——, first cousin

hermoso, -a, beautiful

hermosura, beauty

héroe, m., hero

heroico, -a, heroic

heroína, heroine

heroísmo, heroism

hidalgo, -a, noble, generous

hierro, iron, iron bar

hígado, liver, courage; ¡Cuidado si tiene —s para... ! It's a caution the knack you have for... !

hijo, -a, son, daughter, child

hilas, f. pl., lint

himno, hymn

historia, history, story

historiado, -a, ornamented, decorated

hito, post, peg; mirar de—— en—— , to stare at, search (one's face)

hoja, leaf

¡hola! oho! hello!

hombre, man; ¡——! man! man alive!

hombro, shoulder

hondo, -a, profound, deep

honesto, -a, honest, respectable, decent

honor, honor; title

honorario, honorarium, fee

honra, honor

honradamente, honorably

honradez, honesty

honrado, -a, respectable, honored, honest

honrar, to honor

hora, hour

horado, hole

horca, gallows, scaffold. (Cf. forca, fork)

horizontal, horizontal, level

horizontalmente, horizontally

horizonte, m., horizon

horrible, horrible

horriblemente, horribly

horror, horror

horrorizar, to horrify

hosco, -a, dark, gloomy, sullen

hospital, m., hospital

hospitalario, -a, hospitable; of a hospital

hoy, today

hoyoso, -a, full of hollows, dimpled

huérfano, -a, s. and a., orphan

hueso, bone

huésped, m., guest, boarder

huir, to flee, avoid

humanidad, humanity

humano, -a, human

humildad, humility

humilde, humble, not proud

humillar, to humiliate

humor, humor, mood

huraño, -a, bashful, diffident

hurgar, to incite, encourage, prod. (Akin to fork)

I

idea, idea, thought

idéntico, -a, identical, equal, same

iglesia, church

ignorar, to be ignorant of, not to know

igual, equal

ileso, -a, unhurt. (Cf. lesion)

ilustre, illustrious

imaginar, to imagine, suppose

imparcial, impartial

imparcialmente, impartially

impasibilidad, impassibility, stolidity

impasible, impassive, calm

impávidamente, boldly, fearlessly

impávido, -a, unafraid, fearless

impedir, to impede, hinder, prevent

impenitente, unpenitent

imperio, empire, command, power

imperiosamente, imperatively

imperioso, -a, imperious

impertérrito, -a, unterrified, intrepid

impertinencia, impertinence, nonsense

ímpetu, m., impetus, push, impulse, energy

impío, -a, impious, wicked

implacablemente, implacably, relentlessly

implícito, -a, implicit, implied

imponderable, inexpressible

imponente, imposing

importante, important

importantísimo, -a, very important

importar, to import, be important, matter, concern

importe, m., value, proceeds

imposible, impossible

impresionar, to impress

impreso, -a, imprinted

imprimir, to print, imprint

impropio, -a, improper, unbecoming, not suitable

imprudente, imprudent

inadvertido, -a, unnoticed

inaguantable, intolerable, unendurable

inapelable, inexorable, final

incapacitar, to incapacitate, disable

incapaz, incapable

incitante, inciting, seeking attention, forward

incluir, to include, inclose

inclusa, foundling asylum

incomodar, to incommode, bother, trouble; —se, to become annoyed, get impatient

incompatible, incompatible

inconveniente, inconvenient

inconveniente, m., inconvenience, bother, deficiency, difficulty

incorporarse, to sit up

incorregible, incorrigible, mean

incredulidad, incredulity

indefinible, indefinable

indefinidamente, indefinitely

indeleble, indelible, not to be effaced

independiente, independent

indescriptible, indescribable

Indias, the Indies

indicar, to indicate

indicio, indication, sign

indiferente, indifferent

indignación, indignation, anger

indignidad, indignity

indigno, -a, unworthy, worthless

indio, Indian

indirectamente, indirectly

indispensable, indispensable

indisputable, indisputable

índole, f., nature, kind, sort

indudable, indubitable, unquestionable, not to be doubted

indudablemente, undoubtedly

inédito, -a, unedited

infame, base; m., infamous person, wretch

infamia, infamy

infantería, infantry

infatigable, indefatigable, tireless

infeliz, unhappy, miserable

infernal, infernal

infiel, unfaithful

inflamable, inflammable, excitable

informar, to inform

informe, shapeless, formless

infortunado, -a, unfortunate

ingenuidad, candor, frankness

ingrato, -a, ungrateful

inhumanamente, inhumanly, savagely

injusticia, injustice

injusto, -a, unjust

inmediatamente, at once, immediately

inmediato, -a, immediate, next

inmóvil, immovable, motionless

inmovilidad, f., immobility

inmutable, unalterable, immutable

inocente, innocent, simple

inquebrantable, not breakable, firm, unalterable

inquietud, uneasiness, anxiety

inquirir, to inquire

insensato, -a, senseless, foolhardy; madman, crazy person

insensible, insensible, unconscious

insertar, to insert, introduce

inserto, -a, inserted

insignia, insignia, mark of rank

insignificante, insignificant

insistir, to insist, persist

insolvencia, insolvency, inability to pay

insoportable, insupportable, intolerable

inspirar, to inspire

instancia, instance, urgence, appeal, petition, suit; papers (of a suit)

instantáneamente, instantaneously

instante, m., instant, moment

instintivo, -a, instinctive

institución, institution

instrucción, instruction

insubordinación, insubordination, disobedience

insultar, to insult

insulto, insult

intención, intention, purpose

interés, m., interest

interesante, interesting

interesar, to interest, be of importance

interior, interior

interno, interne, boarding (pupil)

interpelación, interpellation, questioning, question

interpelar, to call, question

interponer, to interpose

interrogación, interrogation, question, inquiry

interrogante, questioning

interrogar, to interrogate, question

interrumpir, to interrupt, break in, put in

interrupción, interruption

íntimo, -a, intimate, close

intrincado, -a, intricate, tangled

inusitado, -a, unusual

inútil, useless

inverso, -a, inverse, opposite

invitar, to invite

invocación, invocation, prayer

involuntario, -a, involuntary

ir, to go, go on; irse, to go away; ¡Vamos claro[s]! Let us talk plainly! ¡Vaya! Well! Come! ¡Vaya si pesa Vd.! My! but you are heavy!

ira, anger, wrath

iracundia, irascibility, wrathfulness

iracundo, -a, ireful, angry, wrathful

iris, m., rainbow

irritante, irritating

irritar, to irritate

Isabel, Isabella II, queen of Spain (1830-1904)

Isidro (San), Saint Isidore (the patron saint of Madrid); día de San ——, May 15

izquierda, left hand

izquierdo, -a, left

J

jabalí, m., wild boar

Jacinto, Hyacinth

jaleo, dance, frolic; hullabaloo, revelry, mêlée

jamás, never

jamón, m., ham

jefe, chief, leader, commander

Jesucristo, Jesus Christ

Jesús, Jesus

jinete, horseman

Jorge, George (the hero of the story)

jornada, day, battle

jornal, m., wages

jota, j (the letter); dance, tune

joven, young, juvenile; youth, young man, young woman

joya, jewel, jewelry

Juan, John

júbilo, joy

jubiloso, -a, joyful, joyous

judío, Jew

juego, game, play

jugar, to play, gamble, gamble away; —se, to be at stake

juguete, m., toy; sport

juicio, judgment, opinion

juntamente, jointly, together

juntar, to join, put together

junto, -a, joined, united; together; —— a, near to, next

juramento, oath, vow

jurar, to swear, vow

justamente, exactly

justificar, to justify

justo, -a, just, right; exact

juventud, youth

juzgar, to judge

L

la, her, it

labio, lip

lacayo, lackey (servant)

lacrimosamente, tearfully

ladino, -a, (knowing Latin, smart), cunning, sly

lado, side. (Cf. lateral)

lágrima, tear; llorar a —— viva, to weep copious tears

lagrimita, little tear

lamentable, sad

lamento, lament, moan

lanzar, to launch, give forth, utter

lápida, tombstone

largo, -a, long

laríngeo, -a, laryngeal (of the throat)

lástima, pity

lastimero, -a, piteous, pitiful

lateralmente, laterally (by a side line)

latín, Latin; latines, Latin quotations

le, him, it, you, to him, to her, to you

leal, loyal, honest

lealmente, honestly

lealtad, loyalty, honesty

lector, reader

leche, f., milk

lecho, bed

leer, to read

legítimo, -a, legitimate, natural

lejos, far, afar

lenguaje, m., language

lentitud, slowness

león, lion

lesión, lesion, hurt, wound

letargo, lethargy

levantar, to raise; —se, to rise

leve, light, slight

levita, coat, frock coat

levitón, m., big levita, heavy coat, long coat

ley, f., law

libertad, liberty

librar, to free

libre, free

libremente, freely

libro, book

lidiar, to contend, struggle. (Cf. litigate)

ligero, -a, light, slight

limitar, to limit

limosna, alms. (Cf. eleemosynary)

limpio, -a, (limpid), clean, neat; copiar en ——, to copy neatly; sacar en ——, to make plain or clear