Introductory material
Reading edition
xii

Diagram showing the Topography of a Bird.
Wing.
1. Lesser Coverts.
2. Median ”
Greater or Major Coverts.
3. Primary ”
4. Secondary ”
Quills, Remiges, or Flight feathers.
5. Primaries
6. Secondaries
7. Bastard-Primary.
8. ” Wing.
Leg.
Tarsus.
Ist or hind toe.
IInd or inner toe.
IIIrd or middle toe.
IVth or outer toe.
*This joint is the heel proper, but is commonly called the thigh.
1