I

i₁ 1 — midiya half past. Alas tris i midiya, Three-thirty. 2 particle between Spanish numbers: [number₁] i [number₂] n [so-and-so many] pesos to [so-and-so many] pesos. Gilugruhan ku níyag tris i dus, He offered me three pesos to my two pesos.

i₂ 1 expression uttered upon making an error or inadvertently breaking s.t. I, sayup mang numirúha ang ákung nadáyal, Oops, I dialed the wrong number. I, nabuy-an nákù ang básu, Oops, I dropped the glass. I, náa man diay ka sa sulud, Oops, I didn’t know you were inside (the toilet). 2 pause word used when speaker does not know what to say next. I, walà pa tingáli muabut, Er, perhaps they haven’t gotten here yet. 3 exclamation expressing surprise at s.t. unexpected which s.o. did. I, súkul diay ka nákù? You mean to say you will stand up to me? 4 particle expressing disgust. I, sámuk ning batáa, Humph, this child is a nuisance. I, lúpig pay hinúgas ning kapíha, Ugh, this coffee is worse than dishwater. 5 exclamation asserting that s.t. seems to be the case though the interlocutor might not be aware of it. I, pála na man run, Oh, come on! You’re flattering me. (You may not have meant it as flattery but that is what it was.) I, línug man tu, That was an earthquake, wasn’t it?

i₃ n letter E.

í 1 teasing exclamation over s.t. one might envy a person for. Í, bag-u man lagi tag tíbi, Hey, you’ve got a new TV set. Í, pasar man diay ta sa bár, Hey, I didn’t know you passed the bar. 2 exclamation of fright.

i-₁ instrumental passive verb affix, future. (past gi-, subjunctive -i. Potential forms: past na-, or, alternatively, gika-; future and subjunctive ma-₂ or, alternatively, ika-.) Ibutang níya ang kwarta, He will put the money down. Gibutang níya ang kwarta, He put the money down. Walà níya ibutang ang kwarta, He didn’t put the money down. Diin kahà nákù mabutang (ikabutang) ang kwarta? Where could I have put the money? Ang kwartang nabutang (gikabutang) sa lamísa, The money that was put on the table. 1 put, bring, convey s.t. Dì ku ihátag, I will not give it away. Iadtu kaníya ang kwarta, Bring the money to him. Isaka ang malíta sa táas, Bring the suitcase upstairs. 1a with verbs of saying, asking, and the like: say [so-and-so]. Wà kuy isulti níya, I have nothing to say to him. Unsay ipangutána nákù? What shall I ask? 1b with verbs containing pa-: have s.o. [do] to. (Cf. -un₁). Ipalútù ku ang isdà, I will have s.o. cook the fish. Ipasaka nátù ang butung, Let’s have s.o. climb up to get the coconuts. Ipahátag ang kík, Have s.o. give the cake away. Ipaadtu ang kík didtu, Have s.o. bring the cake there or Have s.o. go get the cake. 1c with adjectives or words referring to a state: bring into the state. Iandam na ang mga butang, Prepare the things now. 2 [do] with. Wà kuy kwartang ipalit ug bugas, I have no money to buy rice with. Díay martilyung ibuak sa alkansíya, Here is a hammer to break the piggy bank with. Isapátus ang ímung bag-u, Wear your new shoes (use your new ones as shoes). 3 [do] for (confined, for the most part, to the imperative). Ikúhà ra kug túbig, Please get me some water. 4 [do] at [such-and-such] a time (confined to the future). Hustu na rung iadtu, Now would be a good time to go. 4a prefixed to verbs following adj.: it is [adj.] to [do]. Ínit rang itrabáhu run, It is too hot to work now. Kaáyu rang ipuyù dinhi, How nice it would be to live here! 5 become in [such-and-such] a state because of. Ayaw ipamintì ang ímung kasukù, Don’t gnash your teeth because of your anger.

i-₂(←) prefix added to roots referring to a place or direction to form nouns meaning ‘place of [so-and-so]’. Ibábaw, Place up above. Ilálum, Place below, beneath. Iláwud, Place toward town (lit. out to the sea).

-i see -an₁.

-i(→) short for hi-i(→). see hi-an.

iba = uban, 2 (dialectal).

íbà₁ n 1 k.o. sour fruit used in sour stews: Averrhoa bilimbi. — sa insik the fruit of the bangkiling. way — ug dì maaslum everything ugly, esp. a woman’s appearance, is disagreeable (lit. all íbà’s are sour). Garbúsa mu rag gwápa. Way íbà ug dì maaslum, She’s proud, as if she were beautiful. Anything ugly is disagreeable.

Íbà₂ n Eve, the first woman of God’s creation. anak ni — n woman. Ang mga anak ni Íbà ang gitaryáhang mauy manganak, Women were given the role of bearing children.

ibabaw, ibábaw see bábaw.

ibakwisyun n evacuation.

ibakwit = bakwit.

iban = uban, 2 (dialectal).

íban v [AP; b] reduce, take s.t. away. Ang bahà kusug mupaíban (muíban) sa yútà, A strong flood will carry away the earth. (→) n deduction, amount taken away. Way iban ákung swildu, There have been no deductions from my salary. -in-an(→) n having had s.t. taken away from it.

ibang n slit in the cover of the pressure lantern (pitrumaks) into which the screw which holds it is inserted.

ibanghilista n 1 evangelist.

ibanghilyu n 1 Gospels of the Bible. 2 part of a church service where the gospel is read. v [A1] read the gospel.

ibapuráda n evaporated milk.

ibat a = libat.

íbay n 1 woman (slang). 2 lesbian (slang).

íbì = tíbì.

ibid n k.o. large agamid lizard with a crest on the back and tail, reaching 3½′ in length.

ibid-íbid v [A; c] sidle up to s.o. sweetly to get s.t. n action of sidling up to s.o. maibid-ibírun a flirting, sidling up to get s.t.

ibidinsiya n evidence, proof of a crime. v [A12; b(1)] obtain evidence of guilt. Naibidinsiyahan siya kay didtu man siya, He was proven guilty because he was there.

ibíngan n a k.o. short, crested, poisonous snake that makes a crowning noise.

ibinrud n outboard motor boat (so called from the brand name).

ibis₁ n 1 k.o. small bony fish found close to shores: Ambassis spp. 2 small fry, one of little importance.

ibis₂ v [A; b5] slice or cut off a small portion from s.t. Kinsay nag-ibis sa ákung mangga? Who sliced a piece off my mango?

íbit v [A; b(1)] get a share of s.t. s.o. has (usually used in negative sentences). Ayawg tagúa nang ímung gikaun kay dì ku muíbit ánà, Don’t hide the food you’re eating because I won’t take any of it from you.

ibud v [A; b6(1)] 1 put grain before fowl to feed them. 2 feed grains into a stone mill. 3 put grains into a hole in the ground to plant them. n grains, feed for fowls.

íbug a attracted. Íbug ku sa íyang sinínà, I am very much attracted to her dress. v [B12; b3(1)] 1 be attracted. Naíbug aku sa ímung sapátus, I am attracted to your shoes. Gikaibgan (naibgan) ku ang íyang kagwápu, I was attracted to his handsomeness. 2 [a] = paíbug. ibug-ibug v [A2; b(1)] tempt. Nag-ibug-ibug ka lang nákù niánang manggang hilaw, You’re tempting me with those green mangoes. pa-(→), pa- v [A] 1 entice s.o. to do s.t. by showing him s.t. Paibgi (paibúgi) nà siyag liníkit, Entice him with a roll of bills. 2 [A; a] cause s.o. to want s.t. Paibgun ka lang. Dì ka tagáan, I’ll just entice you. I won’t give you any. paN- v [A2; b(1)] for pregnant women to have an intense liking for s.t. Naliwat sa munyíka ang ílang anak kay mau may gipangibúgan sa íyang asáwa, Their baby looked like a doll because the wife had developed a strong fondness for it during her pregnancy. ka- n attraction to s.t. kailibgan = maka-r-, 2. kailibgun n thing that arouses desire. Daghang kailibgun sa Magalyánis, There are lots of things to arouse your desire downtown. ma-un, maibgánun, mailibgun a attracted to. Maibúgun (maibgánun, mailibgun) kaáyu siya sa mga malahálung aláhas, She is strongly attracted to expensive jewelry. maka-r- a 1 capable of causing attraction. Ang íyang kaanyag makaiíbug, She has a magnetic beauty. 2 capable of causing envy.

ibul = kibul.

íbus₁ n winged insect shaped like an ant.

íbus₂ v [A13; a1] cook food wrapped in coconut leaves in long sticks. n food so cooked, most frequently a tidbit consisting of sticks of sticky rice with coconut and sugar.

ibut v 1 [A; a] pull out s.t. rooted, stuck into s.t. Nag-ibut siya sa íyang búngut, He is pulling out his whiskers. Giibut níya ang lansang, He pulled the nail out. 2 [C] for copulating things to get apart. Ang duha ka irù nag-íbut, The two dogs are stuck after copulating. 3 [b6] draw a weapon on one. Giibtan ku níyag pusil, He drew a gun on me. a pulled out. -in- n rice seedlings.

ibyuk n sugar palm, a k.o. palm resembling the coconut, the frond fibers and midribs of which are made into brooms. Toddy and vinegar are also obtained from it: Arenga pinnata.

ibyus a tapering at the top like a cone or funnel. Ibyus ug tudlù, Having long tapering fingers. v [B1; a12] be tapering. Mag-ibyus ang dáhun sa ságing basta dílì pa mabukhad, The young leaves of the banana are narrow at the top before they spread out into a leaf.

ída see bwilta.

idad n age. Pilay ímung idad karun? How old are you now? mayur di- of legal age. minur di- under legal age. may — be quite old. May idad na ang ákung inahan, My mother is quite old now. — nga makalilínga adolescence, so-called because it is the age in which the child is confused as to whether he is an adult or a child. idad-idaran a middle-aged. Idad-idaran na ku kay kwarinta na, I am middle-aged now because I am forty. v 1 [B] be [so-and-so] old. Sa nag-idad kug syíti anyus, When I was seven years old. 2 [BN] become, be made aged. Ang íyang nawung miidad kaáyu tungud sa nahitabù, Her face aged terribly because of what happened. 2a keep a borrowed thing too long (have them grow old on one). Iúlì na nang ímung hinuwaman, nangidad na lang nà dihà, Return it to the person you borrowed it from. You’ve had it too long. 3 [A13; b8] be [so-and-so] long, last. Nag-idad na run ug pitu ka túig sukad sa ámung panagbúlag, It has been seven years since we separated. Wà pa gánì maidari ug tulu ka búwan ang íyang panirbisiyu, His service did not even last for three months. paN-, pangidarun n = idad n, v1. idaran, maidaran a old. Idaran (maidaran) na ang íyang napangasáwa apan sapían, The woman he married is old but well-to-do.

idag v [A2; b(1)] dodge to avoid being hit by s.t. moving swiftly. Idagi ang íyang tuu, Keep out of the way of his right hand.

idang n 1 title for a girl (dialectical). 2 bawdy house so called from a woman called Idang, who ran a notorious bawdy house before the war.

idar-idar v [B1245] be hard-pressed to keep up with lots of work. Nagkaidar-idar siyag sirbi sa mga bisita, She’s going crazy trying to serve all the visitors.

idibul n cooking oil. — úwil = idibul.

id-id v [A; c] rub oneself on s.t. Iid-id ang ímung bukubuku sa sandigánan, Rub your back against the chair.

idintipikasiyun n identification card.

idipisyu n building.

idisyun n edition.

iditing n editing.

iditur n editor. v [B6] become an editor.

idituryal n editorial. v [C] write an editorial.

idíya n idea. v [A12] get an idea. Ang mga istudiyanti nakaidíya pagkinaugalingun, Students had the idea of cooking their own meals. 2 [a12] plan. Idiyáhun ta ni ug maáyu arun ta makaganansiya, Let’s plan it well so that we can make a profit.

idiyuluhíya n ideology.

idlas a 1 shy, wary of being approached. 2 elusive, hard to catch. v [B] 1 become wary. Nangidlas ang mga manuk sa ímung tinuntu, The chickens have lost their tameness because of your foolishness. 2 become elusive. Miidlas si Husipína human mangútang, Josephine became hard to find after she borrowed money. Ang kadaúgan mau rag miidlas kaníya, Victory seemed to elude him.

idlut (from dulut) a 1 piercing, having a sharp point. Idlut nga tunuk ang gipakurúna ni Hisus, Jesus was crowned with sharp thorns. 2 biting, hurtful. Gipadungug kug mga púlung nga maidlut, They upbraided me with biting words. v [a] be, become piercing. pina- a make sharp, painful. Pinaidlut nga kusì, A painful pinch.

idru n airplane. — nga báyut light plane. v [A13; ac] go, bring by airplane. idruidru n children’s game of hopscotch played with lines drawn in the shape of an airplane.

idruhína n hydrogen. v [c] fill with hydrogen.

idruplánu = idru.

ids n edge ball, the situation in which the pingpong ball hits the edge of the table, flying off at an angle. v [B1256] be an edge ball.

idukar v [AP; a] 1 educate. Idukahun sa gubyirnu ang mga wáy alámag, The government will educate the illiterates. 2 cause s.o. to become sophisticated. Ang mga parti muidukar (mupaidukar) nímu, Parties can make you sophisticated. idukáda = idukádu (female). idukádu a 1 educated, sophisticated. Idukádu siya kay swítu sa bag-ung urug, She is sophisticated, because she is right up to date. 2 educated, well-mannered. Idukádu siya kay mangáyug katahúran, He is educated because he greets you. v [B12] become educated. idukadur n educator. v [B16; a] be an educator. idukasyun n education.

idukasya n k.o. ornamental arum: Anthurium crystallinum.

idulu n idol. v [A3; a12] idolize. Daghan ang miidulu ni Núbu Búnu, Many people idolize Novo Bono.

idung = dúdung.

idyaidya (from íya—humorous.) Short for idyaidya ahùáhù, so called from the Bohol pronunciation of íya ‘his’ and ákù ‘mine’. a paying close attention to what belongs to one and making sure that no one else gets benefit from it. Ang ákung bag-ung bayaw idyaidya kaáyug batásan, My new sister-in-law watches what belongs to her very closely. v [A; b(1)] put great importance to one’s own things and make sure no one else gets benefit from them. Dì mi makaidyaidya sa amù kay kumunal ang tanang butang gawas sa tutbras, We don’t pay attention to who owns what in our family because we own everything in common except our toothbrushes. — ahùáhù 1 what’s his is his and what’s mine is mine, i.e. = idyaidya.

idyap a 1 brisk and lively in motion. 2 trim and smart in dressing. v 1 [B1; c1] for one’s gait to be brisk and lively. Muidyap ang linaktan basta maghayhil, If you wear high heels you have to walk smart and briskly. 2 [B1456] be trim and smart in dressing. Mag-idyap giyud ang mga asáwa arun dílì hibyaan sa mga bána, Wives should keep themselves trim and smart so that their husbands won’t leave them.

idyaw = ayaw (dialectical).

idyuk = ibyuk.

idyukisyun n teacher training course.

idyus = ibyus.

ig-₁ 1 prefix, alternant of the future and subjunctive nonpotential instrumental prefix i-₁, used with some verb bases referring to mutual actions referring to the person with whom the action is done. Dúgayng wà ku siya igkítà, I haven’t met him for a long time. 1a prefix used in Biblical language with certain roots as an alternant of i-₁ in all of its meanings. Birhin Maríya, ig-ampù mu kami, Virgin Mary, pray for us. 2 affix added to roots referring to relationship, referring the person with whom one is in that relationship. Igsúun, One’s sibling. Ig-ágaw, One’s cousin. Dílì ku siya igláin, I am related to him.

ig-₂ = inig-.

ígad v [A; ac] brush against s.t. or stroke s.t., usually said of pigs. Miígad ang bábuy sa halígi, The pig rubbed against the post. Igárun ku ang tiyan sa bábuy, I will stroke the pig’s stomach.

ig-ágaw see agaw.

igaiga, igà igà v [A; b6] for a pig to make a low grunting sound. Ang anay nga magpatútuy mag-igaiga, A sow feeding its young makes a low grunting sound.

ígang a warm air or a body. Ígang pa ang láwas sa patay, The body is still warm. n = ka-. v [B2; b6] warm. Miígang (naígang) ang kwartu pagsúd sa daghang táwu, It got warm in the room with all the people. (→) v [a4] feel warm. ka- n warmth.

igat a 1 flirtatious, lacking in feminine modesty. Igat ang íyang tinan-awan ngadtu sa gwápung láki, She gave a flirtatious look at the handsome man. 2 snobbish. Igat siya kay dílì makigsáyaw ug pubri, She is stuck up because she won’t dance with a poor person. v [BN; a] 1 be a flirt. Muigat (maigat, muígat) ang ímung nawung ug palabihan nímug mik-ap, Your face will look meretricious if you put on too much make-up. 2 act snobbish. -in- 1 in a flirtatious or snobbish manner. -un a given to immodest behavior.

igbaw n 1 at the top of s.t. Sa igbaw sa káhuy, At the top of the tree. Sa igbaw sa lamísa, On top of the table. 2 upstairs. Túa sa igbaw ang ákung kwartu, My room is upstairs. 3 uplands, mountains.

igbítir n eggbeater.

igdal v [B; c1] protrude to form a sharp outline. Nag-igdal nga gamut, A root sticking out of the ground. -un(→) a protruding.

igham v [AN; b6] clear the throat. Miigham (nangigham) siya arun pagdápit sa ákung pagtagad, He cleared his throat in order to attract my attention. n sound or action of clearing the throat.

ígi₁ v [AN; b] drive s.o. away from the place he is staying. Mangígi bísan ug kaugalíngung anak, He would drive even his own son out. Kun dílì mu makabayad sa ábang karung buwána, igíhan mu na nákù, If you don’t pay the rent this month, I will evict you. igihan a fond of driving people out.

*ígi₂ paN- v [A2; b3c5] 1 for a person to feel bad because s.o. else is shown more affection than he is, especially by being given s.t. which he did not receive. Nangígi ang manghud kay ang magúlang ray gihatágan, The younger brother is jealous because he wasn’t given any but his older brother was. 2 be jealously possessive of s.o. Nangígi ang amahan sa dihang gipangulitawhan ang íyang anak, The father grew intensely possessive because s.o. was courting his daughter. igihan a possessively jealous. Igihan ang ákung irù. Bisag kinsay mudúul nákù manuyù, My dog is intensely possessive. He gets angry if anyone comes near me.

ig-ig v [A; c1] shake grains or s.t. similar back and forth to separate the fine and the coarse particles or separate impurities. Ig-íga (iig-ig) ring ákung linubuk, Shake out this pounded grain for me.

igíik v [B235; c] creak, squeak, squeal. Miigíik ang sira kay tayaun, The door creaked because it was rusty. Nag-igiik ang bábuy, The pig is squealing. n high-pitched creaking, squeaking, or squealing sound.

ígik v [A2S; b3] for pigs to squeal. Miígik ang bábuy kay wà hilawgi, The pig squealed because no one had fed it yet. n squealing of a pig.

igip v [A3; a12] take pains to get s.t. not worth going after. Dúgay silang manira kay nag-igip sa pila ka sintábus nga hálin, They close up shop late because they don’t want to miss out on the few pennies they can make by staying open late.

ígit v 1 [A13S; a4c] have a watery diarrhea. Nakaigit ku, ábi kug utut lang tu, I thought I was just going to break wind, but I actually had a watery bowel movement. Giígit (nag-ígit) ku kay wà kahilísi, I have diarrhea because I have indigestion. 2 [A123S] do s.t. physical with difficulty. Makaigit man lang ta sa kabug-at niíni, We’re going to have a rough time (literally, defecate water) lifting this thing. (→) n 1 soft feces. 2 stick-in-the-mud. Igit kaáyu nà siya uy. Dì mukúyug nákù sa parti, She is a stick-in-the-mud. She won’t go to the party with me. 3 — ra insignificant, nothing as compared with. Igit ra ka níyang mutayip, You’re nothing (lit. watery feces) compared to her when it comes to typing. 3a expression of derision or contempt. Ábi níyag mahaylu ku sa íyang awtu. Igit! He thought I would be lured by his car. Shoot! Igít, wà na pud kaigù, You’re full of it! You missed again. kaigit-igit v [A13] have extreme difficulty with s.t. Nagkaigit-igit mi adtung iksamína, We had a hell of a time with that exam.

igka- 1 = inigka-. 2 alternant of the future and subjunctive inflectional affix ika-, added to the same verbs to which ig-₁ is added (meaning 1). Wà ku siya igkakítà, I didn’t happen to meet him.

igkam = igtam.

igking v [B236; b3] jerk with a start, be taken aback. Miigking (naigking) siya sa dihang nahikapan ang íya samput, She was startled when s.o. touched her buttocks.

ig-l- affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the instrumental passive verb affix (i-₁). 1 thing to be conveyed, brought, etc. Mau kini ang mga saput nga ighalatag sa mga pubri, These are the clothes to be given to the poor people. 1a thing to be asked, said, etc. Dúna tà kuy igpalangutana, apan natubag na man, I had some questions to ask, but you answered them already. 2 thing to be used for. Sinínang igtalarabahu, Working dress. Igbalátil sa itlug, Eggbeater. 3 time to do s.t. Taknang igpalahúlay, The siesta hour. 3a being good, bad, hot, etc. to [do]. Ig-aladtu giyud ning ákung ginháwa, I felt very much like going.

iglisya n 1a Christian Church as a whole. Sa katapúsan mubarug nga madaúgun ang Iglisya, In the end, the Church will stand triumphant. 1b local church or congregation. Mga pruyiktu sa átung iglisya, Our church’s projects. 2 a member of the Iglisya ni Kristu, a religious sect. — ni Kristu n a religious sect or member thereof. v [b16] become a member of the Iglesia ni Cristo. — Pilipína n the Philippine Independent Church (Aglipayans), or a member thereof.

igmat a alert: being able to move rapidly, readily noticing things. Way musipyat sa igmat níyang mata, Nothing can escape his alert eyes. Igmat siyang milihay, He ducked cleverly. v [B; c1] 1 be rapid in one’s motions, alert with the eyes. 2 be alert to what is happening. Igmáta ang inyung mga mata sa mapait nga katinuúran, Open your eyes to grim reality. 3 [b2] be outsmarted. Naigmatan ku sa múrus, I was defrauded by the Muslim peddler. paN- v [A2; c] defraud. Ubang matansíru kusug mangigmat sa timbangan, Some butchers cheat on the weight. n defrauding.

ignu v [A; b] take good care of s.t. to save it from damage or dirt. Dì siya mag-ignu sa íyang sinínà kay dì man siyay manglaba, He does not try to keep his clothes clean because he doesn’t do the washing. Ug dì nímu ignúhan ang ímung láwas, maamin ka giyud, If you don’t take care of yourself, you’ll end up in the grave.

ignúdul n egg noodles. v [A] cook egg noodles.

ignurámus = ignuranti, a 1.

ignuranti a 1 ignorant, uneducated. Ignuranti siya. Way kabangkaágan, She is completely uneducated. She has no education. 2 ignorant of, unfamiliar with. Ignuranti ku sa mga dálan dinhi, I am unfamiliar with the streets here. v 1 [B12; b6] be ignorant. 2 [a12] put s.t. over on one. Ignurantíhun man ku nímu nga nakabasa man ku niánà, Don’t fool me. I read that myself. paka- v [A12; a12] treat as, consider ignorant.

ignuy a euphemism for ignuranti.

igput v [B23; b3] be severely startled, jump back with surprise. Miigput (naigput) ku sa dihang may mibutu sa ákung luyu, I was startled at the explosion in back of me. igput-igput v [A3; c1] hop up and down. Nag-igput-igput ang mga bátà nga naglumbà sa sáku, The children were hopping up and down in the sack race.

ig-r- = ig-l-.

igsaktu = iksaktu.

igsirsáyis = iksirsáyis.

igsù n 1 children of one’s godparents (sponsors at wedding or baptism). Ákù siyang igsù kay nínung nákù ang íya amahan, He is my god-brother because his father is my godfather. 2 term of address for one’s god-brother or sister. 2a term of address commonly used between Muslim traders and Christians. v [B126; c] be, become god-brothers or sisters.

igsúun see súun.

igtam v [B] be wary after having experienced s.t. bad. Kun mamatyan ang ilagà dihà, muigtam sila pag-anhà, If any mouse gets killed in that place, the others will be wary of going there.

ígù a 1 enough, big enough. Ígù ba ang sapátus nímu? Are the shoes big enough for you? Ígù na ning kwarta nákù, This money is just the right amount for me. — na man more than enough. Ígù na man ang ímung pamalíbad, You’ve refused too often. 2 — [dat.] serves [dat.] right. Ígù kanímu ang nahitabù kay balasúbas man ka, What happened serves you right because you are a wicked man. 3 — ra, lang can do more than. Ang mga dinaugdáug nga kabus ígù lang manghupaw (sa pagpanghupaw), All the poor folks who are abused can do is sigh. 4 — nga just in time. Ígù giyung natápus ang lubung pag-abut níya, He arrived just as the funeral was about to end. v 1 [B2P; c1P] be, become sufficient, be big enough. Muígù (mupaígù) kahà ning pagkáun nga daghan ra bag bisíta? Will this food be enough since we have so many visitors? Iígù (igúa) ug tahì ang sinínà kaníya, Sew the shirt big enough for him. 2 [B] fit into s.t. Dílì tang tanan muígù (maígù) sa dyip, We won’t all fit into the jeep. 3 [c1] make s.t. come at the right moment. Igúa (iígù) giyud ang pagguwà sa lamì nga magkadúngan giyud mu, Time your orgasm so you both come at the same time. 4 [A13C; b3(1)] decide on s.t. Ikaw lay mag-ígù ug muadtu ta, You decide if we go. 4a [C3; c3] agree in ideas or tastes. Nagkaígù sila dáyun, They hit it off instantly. (→) a 1 for a mark to be hit, be just the right thing. Igù ba ang buls-ay? Did he hit the bull’s-eye? Igù ba ang tambal? Did the medicine hit the nail on the head? 2 be drunk. Igù ku gabíi, I was drunk last night. v 1 [A; ab2] hit a mark. Wà makaigù ang tambal nga girisíta sa duktur, The medicine the doctor prescribed was not the right one. Hiig-an ang íyang nawung sa síga sa ispat, The rays of my flashlight hit his face. 1a make a point in a game where one aims at s.t. Nakaigù na si Pidrug daghan, Pedro has already made many points. 1b [a1c] aim s.t. in a certain direction of. Giigù ni Magalyánis ang kasadpan, Magellan aimed in a westward direction. Iigù ang sakayan sa nurti, Head the boat northwards. 1c [A2; a2b4(1)] win a prize in a lottery or the like. Miigù ang íya tíkit sa rípa, His ticket won a prize in the raffle. Nakaigù siya sa karíra, He won at the races. 1d [A2; a2b4(1)] for a business venture to turn out very successful. Unsay ímung naig-an nga daghan kag kwarta? What did you make a killing in, since you have so much money? 1e [A3N; a2b2] allude unpleasantly. Aku ang giigù sa insultu, I was the one alluded to by the insult. 1f [AN2; bc] swindle (slang). Anak ra níya ang miigù kaníya, It was her own son that swindled her. 1g [a3b2] have lost one’s virginity. Ngánung gipangasáwa man níya nang bayhána nga naigù na man nà? Why did he marry that girl when she is no longer a virgin (lit. has been hit)? 2 [B12] get drunk. Naigù tingáli nà sa tubà, I’ll bet that man is drunk from the palm toddy. n 1 good shot that hit the mark, points in a game. 2 part of the body which was hit. Midugù ang igù sa baksir, The boxer bled in the place he was hit. pa- 1 = ígù, a1, v1, 2. v 3 [A12] make s.t. last. Díay singku písus. Paigúa ni sa átung kumpra, Here’s five pesos. Make it do for the shopping. pahi-/paha- v [A1; c1] make s.t. coincide in time with some other time. Pahaigúa (ipahaígù) ang paglútù nga alas dúsi andam na ang tanan, Time your cooking so that everything will be ready at twelve. hiN- a crack shot. ka-an n 1 sufficiency. Dipindi sa kaigúan sa ibidinsiya, It depends on the sufficiency of the evidence. 2 agreement reached. Tumánun giyud ang kaigúan, The agreement should be carried out. panígù n the piece used in certain games to hit other pieces, e.g., a marble in shooting marbles. v [A; c1] use s.t. as a panígù.

Igurut n Igorot, name given to the natives of the Mountain Province, Luzon. †

ígut₁ v [A; c1] creak. Miígut ang kawáyang sawug pagsulud sa kawatan, The bamboo floor creaked when the thief entered. Kasab-an ka sa maistra ug ímu nà iígut (igútun) ang bangkù, Your teacher will scold you if you let your chair creak. pa- v [A; c] reveal s.t. slowly, little at a time, to create suspense. Gipaígut níya ang íyang baráha, He looked at his hand slowly (lit. let the cards creak). Ayaw siya tug-ánig diritsu. Ipaígut úsà ang sikrítu, Don’t tell her right off. Let out the secret a bit at a time.

ígut₂ v [A; b] scrape s.t. by rubbing a knife which has been fixed into s.t. immovable up and down against it. Igúti ang kasing. Lisud sapsápan kay lisud kaptan, Chip off the top with a fixed knife. It’s hard to whittle because you can’t hold it easily.

igut-igut n the area on the inside of the cheeks of the rump.

igwad a having protruding buttocks. Igwad siyag lubut, She has a big ass. v [BN] have prominent buttocks, stick out the buttocks. Naigù ang ákung itlug, nangigwad man gud nang tawhána, The man hit me in the testicles with his rump. igwad-igwad v [A; c1] move in a wavy, rolling motion with the rump going up and down, wiggle the buttocks. Ang íyang sakayan nag-igwad-igwad nga naglutaw sa dagkung balud, His boat tossed up and down riding on the huge waves. Nindut kaáyu siyang tan-áwun nga nag-igwad-igwad samtang nagsáyaw, She is beautiful to watch, wiggling her buttocks as she dances. -in- n action of wiggling the buttocks.

igwális a 1 equal in score. Igwális tag puntus, We tied. 2 giving exactly the same result. Tintà ug úling igwális ang buling, Whether it is ink or charcoal, it’s all the same—dirty. v 1 [B; a12] for a score to become tied. 2 [A12] manage to tie s.o. Kun makaigwális lang kita karun dì ta malayug biyà, If we manage to make it a tie, we won’t be so far behind.

igwit a coquette, flirt. v [AN] flirt around. Nangigwit man, dì gipaburusan, She was a flirt, so she got herself pregnant. -ira = igwit, a.

íha term of address for one’s daughter, or anyone young enough to be his daughter. — dibastarda = íhu dibastardu (female).

iháda = ihádu (female).

ihádu n godson in baptism or confirmation. v [B126; a12] be, become one’s godson.

ihálas a 1 of the jungle. Bábuyng ihálas, Wild pigs. Palíyang ihálas, Wild ampalaya. 2 ignorant. Ihálas pa man siya sa syudad, She is ignorant of the city. She doesn’t know the city well yet. v 1 [B2] become wild, ignorant. 2 [A; a12] take for an ignorant person. Wà giyuy muihálas nímu dinhi sa syudad ug ispúting ka pirmi, Nobody will take you for an ignorant person in the city if you always dress up. Ihása ku, tits, (Don’t) take me for a fool, buddy. -un a of the wild, ignorant type.

ihap v [AC; a] count. Makaihap siya hangtud sa usa ka gatus, He can count to a hundred. Nag-íhap ang duha ka sugarul sa daug nga ílang gibakásan kay nakig-íhap man ang usa, The two gamblers are counting the winnings of the money they had put in together because one insisted on counting it. Ipha (ihapa) kun hustu ba ang gidaghanun, Count it to see if it is enough. Maihap ang ímung mga adlaw, bastus, Your days are numbered, you s.o.b. — sa lákang walk slowly. Mipaúlì siyang nag-ihap sa lákang, He went home slowly. — sa tudlù be few in number. n 1 count, action of counting. Nagkalahì ang ámung ihap, His count came out different from mine. 2 things counted in preparing s.t. for a number of people. Mikaun ang bisíta bísag way lábut sa ihap, The visitor ate with them even if he hadn’t been counted for when they were preparing. (←) intense counting, canvassing. Inigkahuman sa iliksiyun sugdan dáyun ang íhap, Right after the voting the canvassing of ballots will take place. †

ihás = ihálas.

íhaw₁ v [A3S; a] 1 slaughter an animal for food. Iháwa ang manuk karun, Slaughter the chicken now. 2 murder a person with a knife. Ayawg súkul ánang tigas, nakaíhaw (nakaihaw) na bayà nag táwu, Don’t pick a fight with that thug. He has already killed a man. 3 beat badly. Giíhaw mi sa ílang tím, We were slaughtered by their team. 3 abuse a woman sexually. Dad-un nátù siya sa util ug adtu nátù siya iháwa, Let’s take her to a hotel and abuse her there. -anan n 1 slaughterhouse. 2 house that women are taken to for sexual intercourse. maN-r-(→) n butcher. paN- n butchering animals as an occupation.

íhaw₂ v [A; a] broil. Mag-íhaw tag bangus, We will broil some milkfish. -in- n broiled food.

iháyup (from háyup) v [AB12; a12] tame. Ang kawbuy nag-iháyup ug kabáyung ihás, The cowboy is breaking in a wild horse.

ihi 1 expression of surprise: so, is that so! Ihi, náa ka diay dihà, So, there you are. Ihi, aku diay sugúun, Is that so! You’re going to give me orders, are you? 2 expression of warning. Ihi, paghinayhínay, Watch out, better go slow.

íhi n axle, rod which holds a wheel which turns. Íhi sa rilu, Crown stem of a watch. Íhi sa manubíla, Steering column, the part holding the steering wheel.

íhì n urine. — ug irù k.o. toadstool, dirty white in color, about 2½″ tall with a flat top about 2″ in diameter. v [A3S; c] 1 urinate. Nakaihì ang bátà sa karsúnis, The child wet his pants. 2 [A123P; a4] have too frequent urination. Giíhì mi pagininum ug sirbísa, We kept having to urinate because we drank so much beer. paN- v [A13] urinate. Adtu ta sa gawas mangíhì, Let’s go outside to urinate. ihìihì v [A13] 1 urinate too often. 2 for a woman to get all wet from heavy petting (slang, euphemism). Nag-ihìihì ang ákung uyab dihang ákung gikulkug, My girl got wet because I got my finger into her. ka-un(→), kahid-un a feel like urinating. pala-(→) a urinating frequently. †

ihid₁ n 1 the smallest in a litter. Ang ihid nga baktin giumbáwan sa íyang mga igsúun, The runt in the litter was much smaller than his brothers and sisters. 2 youngest or smallest in a group. Sa mga bátà sa kasilingánan si Dyániy ihid, Johnny is the smallest kid in the neighborhood. v [B1] be small for one’s age, stunted in growth.

ihid₂ v [A; bc] go or bring s.t. away unnoticed. Giihiran námù ang míting, We sneaked away from the meeting. Iihid ning úlu sa inasal ngadtu sa gawas, Bring this head of the roasted pig stealthily outside.

ihikutíbu n executive.

ihim the sound of clearing the throat 1 exclamation calling attention. Arun mulíngì ang babáyi, ang laláki muingun ‘ihim!’ The man says ‘ehem’ to make the woman turn to look at him. 2 exclamation expressing satisfaction after eating. n sweetheart (humorous). Gimingaw ka sa ímung ihim, nu? You miss your sweetheart, don’t you?

ihimplu n 1 example, model. 2 a part of the novena which is optionally read after the supplicatory prayers just before the gúsus and gives a proof of the power of the saint. v [A; c] give, make an example. Ihimplúhan ta ka, I will give you an example. pur — for example.

Ihiptu n Egypt.

ihirsisyu₁ n exercise, training. v [A; c1] 1 exercise. Iihirsisyu (ihirsisyúun) sa pulyuhun ang íyang tiil, The polio victim exercises his feet. 2 [A; a] practice, train. Nag-ihirsisyu sila unsáun paglanguy, They are practicing swimming. Ihirsisyúha pag-áyu ang ímung parti, Learn your part well.

ihirsisyu₂ n spiritual retreat. v [A] hold a spiritual retreat. paN- v [A2] attend a spiritual retreat.

ihirsitu n one’s own children. Nag-alinupung ang ákung mga ihirsitu, My children come one next to the other. -s = ihirsitu (plural).

íhu₁ term of address for son or s.o. whom one considers his son. — dibastardu illegitimate child. — dipúta mother-fucker, a vulgar appellation for a person at whom one is very angry. Gisúnug sa íhu dipúta ang ákung karsúnis, The mother-fucker burnt my pants.

íhu₂ n shark.

ihud-ihud v [B56] for children or young animals to differ in height by small intervals, be like stairs when lined up. Mag-ihud-ihud giyud ang inyung mga anak ug dílì mu magbirt kuntrul, Your children will be like steps lined up if you don’t practice birth control.

íhuy (from íhu) n Mr. Shark (personalized appellation in stories). Paláwum arun kan-un kang Mánuy Íhuy, Go to the deep so Mr. Shark can eat you.

ii 1 particle showing disbelief. Ii! Tinúud kahà run, Aha! Can that be right? 2 = i₂, 1.

ì ì n child’s word for urine. v [A; b(1)] urinate. Gustu kang muì ì? You want to make wee-wee?

iítu = ítu.

ík v 1 [A2] get what one wants to say out. Ug dì ka muík dílì ka makabungat sa ímung túyù, If you don’t get it out, you can’t let her know why you came here. 2 [A12] dílì, walà — not stand a chance in a game. Sa baskit bul ang mugbù dì giyud makaík kun kuntráhag dagkù, In basketball, short players don’t stand a chance against tall players.

ika- 1 inflectional affix, the potential future and subjunctive of the instrumental passive. See i-₁. 2 affix forming ordinal numbers. The ordinal is linked to a noun with which it is in construction by nga or, alternatively, but less frequently, with ka. Ikaduha nga (ka) táwu, The second man. Ikapila man ni ninyung (ninyu ka) anak? This makes how many children for you?

íkag v 1 [B12; c] become concerned, worried. Makaíkag ang ímung kahimtang, Your situation worries me. 2 [B12; ac] inspire interest in s.t. Kinsay nag-íkag nímug tuug sista, Who interested you in learning how to play the guitar? Wà ku maíkag sa madiyung, I have no interest in mahjong. 3 [B1256; b8] like s.t. with the thought of possessing it or becoming like it. Naíkag siyang Kulas, She has a crush on Kolas. Naíkag siya sa ákung bisiklíta, He liked my bicycle. ma-un a enthusiastic, filled with interest.

íkat v [A13B; a12] for the threads of cloth to be displaced when one of the threads is pulled, cause cloth to get such a defect. Ug muíkat (maíkat) nang panaptun, dì na maáyung sinináun, If the cloth has a defect, it is no good to use for a dress. Kinsa may nag-íkat sa ákung panaptun? Who pulled the threads in this cloth?

ikaw you (singular). Ikaw ang ákung túyù, You are the one I want to see. — karun, kini, bayà oh you! (You’re so foolish, terrible, bad). Ikaw giyud kini. Dalì ra giyung maílad, Oh you! It’s so easy to cheat you! — lang 1 you be the one. Ikaw lay báyad, You pay. 2 it’s up to you. Ug gustu kang mubáyad, ikaw lang, If you want to pay, it’s up to you. 2a it’s up to you, don’t say I didn’t warn you. Ug hilabtan nà nímu ikaw lang, If you touch that don’t say I didn’t warn you. — ra = lang, 2, 2a. ka short for ikaw used in constructions requiring the nom. except the predicate. Kumusta ka? How are you? Mau ka ba giyud? Is that the way you are? nímu 1 gen. form. Si Máma nímu túa sa simbahan, Your mother is in the church. ábi — 1 you know. Ábi nímu, si Saning maáyung muáwit, You know, Saning sings beautifully. 2 ábi — ug so you presumed. Ábi nímu búang ku, Do you think I’m an idiot? 2 short for kanímu. mu short for nímu. kanímu dat. form. Álang ni kanímu, This is for you. Way nakagustu kanímu, Nobody likes you. Ay, purbída kanímu, Oh my! Ay, kanímu Tasyǔ! Mag-unsa ka man lang ug wà na ku! Oh my, Tasio! What will you do when I’m gone! ímu 1 preposed gen. Ang ímung kabáyù, Your horse. Ímu bang ihátag? Are you giving it away? 2 yours, the one belonging to you. Ákù ni, ímu nà, This belongs to me. That one is yours. Unsa may — kang [so-and-so], What do you have against [so-and-so]? — na you may have [subject]. Ímu na ni, You may have this one. pag-[verb] ug — do [verb] by oneself. Pagkaun lag ímu, ayaw kug tawagtawága ug panihápun, Just eat by yourself. Don’t call me to supper. [noun] pay — My what a [noun]! Bat-ang pay ímu nga makalíbat, Her hips can make you cross-eyed. (Lit. If you want the hips, too (to see), they’ll make you cross-eyed.) v [a12] be, become yours. Maímu ni ug magbinuutan ka, This will be yours if you behave. Imúhun lang diay nang tanang kindi? So you want to have all the candy to yourself? imúha = ímu. imuímu all by yourself, yours alone. — lang of your own creation. Imuímu man lang ning minugnà, You just made this up. Imuímu nang ímung gidangátan. Wà kay kapasanginlan, What happened to you is your own doing. You have no one to blame but yourself. v [A; a12] do s.t. all by yourself. Muimuímu ka man lag káun dihà nga walay pulupanampit, You eat all by yourself without inviting anyone to join you. tikaw, tika, ta ka, ka nákù, ku ikaw I did [verb] to you, you are my [noun]. Amígu ta ka (tikaw, tika, ka nákù, ku ikaw), You are my friend. Patyun ta ka (tikaw, etc.), I will kill you.

ikgam = igtam.

ikging = igking.

ikibáli n equivalent. Ang tulu ka tiil ikibáli ug usa ka yarda, Three feet is equivalent to one yard.

ikid v 1 [A; a12] jump over s.t. or up in the air. Ikdun (ikirun) ku ang kural, I’ll jump over the fence. 2 [A; c1] stand on one’s tiptoes to reach s.t. Mutúpung ka nákù ug iikid (ikirun) mu ang ímung tiil, You will be as tall as I am if you stand on your tiptoes. 3 [A; ac] run fast, gallop. Miikid siya pagkakità sa latigu nga gibitbit sa inahan, She ran away fast when she saw the whip in her mother’s hand. Ikda si Papa nímu, Run after your father. Iikid ni sa íla, Run bring this to their house. ikid-ikid v [A; c1] walk a distance in a hurried pace.

ikid-íkid₁ n name of a children’s game in which they see who can jump farthest.

ikid-íkid₂ v [APB3(1)6; c1] for the hips to sway from side to side in walking. Nagpaibug giyug maáyu nang babayhána nga nag-ikid-íkid (nagpaikid-íkid) sa íyang samput, That woman is swinging her hips to attract their attention. Muikid-íkid ang íyang samput iglakaw niya, Her hips sway when she walks.

ik-ik₁ v [B; c1] for the upper lip to be drawn up. Giik-ik sa irù ang íyang ngábil ug mingúb, The dog exposed his fangs and snarled.

ik-ik₂ v [A] squeak like a mouse. Munyíka nga muik-ik, A doll that squeaks. n squeak of mice. Ik-ik sa ílagà, The squeaking of the mouse.

ik-ik₃ n the isti piece of mahjong.

ikipáhi n luggage.

ikípu n equipment, tools.

íkis n letter X. a zigzagging, winding. Ang dálan paingun sa Bagyu íkis, The road leading to Baguio is winding. v [B; c1] be, become, make zigzag. Dì ka ig-un sa pusil ug ikísun (iíkis) nímu ang ímung dinaganan, You won’t be hit if you run zigzag.

íkit a close together, usually people. v [A2C1; ac] be close to each other. Nag-íkit silag katúlug, They slept close to each other. Ayaw siya ikta (iíkit) ug bayli, Don’t dance close to her. Ikítun nátù ug butang ang mga síya, Let’s put the chairs close together. ikit-íkit v [A; ab6] stay around close to s.o. else. Dúna gánì pangayúun muikit-íkit (mag-ikit-íkit) dáyun nátù, If there is s.t. he wants to ask for, he will hang around you all the time.

iklas n first grader. Kadakù na nímu unyà iklas pa gihápun ka? How big you are, yet you are still in the first grade! v [B56; b6] be a first grader.

iklipsi = iskalipsi.

iklisyastiku a ecclesiastical.

ikmat = igmat.

iknat v [B; c1] 1 raise the eyebrows. Miiknat (naiknat) ang kílay sa táwu tungud sa túmang kahibū́ng, The man raised his eyebrows in bewilderment. 2 = ínat. 3 [BN; c1] stitch wrinkles into a piece of cloth. Ayawg iknáta (iiknat) pagtahì ang panaptun, Don’t stitch the cloth in such a way that it becomes wrinkled. a stitched with wrinkles.

iks n 1 one’s ex-boy friend or girl friend. Wà na tagda si Níta sa íya iks, Nita’s ex- (boy friend) no longer cares for her. 2 ex-, former. Iks kambik (kanbik, kumbik), Ex-convict. Iks prisidinti, Ex-president. Iks suldyir, Veteran, esp. of the old American soldiers who settled in the Philippines in the early 1900’s.

iksahiráda = iksahirádu (female).

iksahirádu a 1 over-demanding of oneself or others. Iksahirádu siyang nagpatiwas sa íyang báy, He demanded too much from the people who were finishing up work on his house. 2 doing s.t. to too great an extent. Iksahirádu siya sa íyang pamisti, He overdresses. Iksahirádu siya nga mugámit sa mantíkà, He uses much too much cooking oil. v [B; c1] overdo s.t.

iksaktu a 1 correct. Pulus iksaktu ang tubag níya, His answers were all correct. 2 be the right size, amount. Iksaktu giyud nákù ning sapátus, These shoes are just right for me. Iksaktu giyud ang pagkalútù sa isdà, The fish was cooked just the right amount of time. 3 just at [such-and-such a time]. Iksaktung alas utsu ang súgud sa prugráma, The program starts exactly at eight o’clock. Iksaktu na run ipaúlì, Now is just the time to go home. v [B3; c1] 1 be correct. 2 be just the right size, amount, degree. 3 be exactly on time.

iksǎm = iksámin, n, v1.

iksámin n exams in school. v [A; a] 1 give, take an exam. Kanang maistráha mauy muiksámin námù, That teacher is going to test us. Muiksámin ku ugmà, I’m going to have an exam tomorrow. 2 give a physical examination. Iksamínun sa duktur ang ímung kasingkásing, The doctor will examine your heart.

iksaminádu n 1 eligible for the civil service by having passed the exams. 2 a woman who has acquired through experience without formal training a knowledge of assisting in childbirth, and is allowed to practice her trade after having passed some practical tests. v [B156; c1] be, become a midwife of this sort. a being very familiar with s.t. Iksaminádu aku niíning dalána, I am very familiar with this street.

iksaminadur n examiner.

iksaminisyun n examination. v [A1; b6] take an examination.

iksampul n example. v [A; c1] take as an example. Miiksampul siya ni Risal nga usa sa mga bantúgang bayáni, He cited Rizal as an example of a great hero. Kastigúhun tikaw kay iksampúlun (iiksampul) tikaw, I’m going to punish you to make an example of you.

iksibisiyun n 1 exhibition. 2 display. 3 certain hand in mahjong which one gets at the first deal and which is exhibited for extra payment. v [A; c] 1 exhibit s.t. in public. 2 show off one’s skill. Mitindug siya sa mutur nag-iksibisiyun kunúhay, nabanggà lagi, He was showing off driving his motorcycle while standing on it, so he crashed.

iksíbit n exhibit. v [A; b6(1)] exhibit, show s.t. or display.

iksihir v [A; a12] 1 force or oblige one to do s.t. Iksihirun ka giyud pagpaámut, You will be forced to contribute to it. 2 [A; a2] inquire, investigate to get complete information about s.t. Dì ka mag-iksihir sa kinabúhì sa uban, Do not pry into other people’s lives. Iksihia ug unsa giyuy nahitabù, Find out what really happened. 2a [A] be solicitous about s.o., care for. Dílì kaáyu siya muiksihir niánang mga batáa kay ábi dílì man íyang anak, She doesn’t concern herself about those children because they aren’t hers anyway. iksihídu a solicitous about s.o.’s needs and well-being. Iksihídu siyang pagkamaistra, mu rag tinúud inahan sa mga bátà, She is a solicitous teacher as if her pupils were her own children. v [B126] become solicitous about s.o.’s well-being.

iksilinti a excellent, perfectly done. Iksilinting pagkahímù íning lamisáha, This table was excellently made. v [A12; c1] get a mark of excellent in school.

iksilsiyur n excelsior, long fine wood shavings used as stuffing or as packing material.

iksíma n eczema.

iksimtid n exempted from some obligation. v [B12; c1] exempt, be exempted. Iksimtid ku sa píi, I’m exempted from Physical Ed.

iksirsáyis n 1 bodily exercise. 2 exercise in school. v [A; c1] engage in physical exercise.

iksit n exit. v [b8] exit, pass to an exit. -an n = iksit.

ikskiyus excuse me. Ikskiyus únà ha kay naghilak ang bátà, Excuse me for a moment because the baby is crying. n excuse. Nangáyù siyag ikskiyus sa maistra kay mugawas siya, He asked to be excused because he wants to go out. v [A; b6c(1)] excuse s.o. or oneself for being absent.

ikskambik see iks.

ikskursiyun n excursion. v [A3; b6(1)] go on an excursion. -ista n one who goes on an excursion.

ikspan v [B6; c1] expand the chest. Ayaw ikspána (iikspan) ímung dughan, Don’t expand your chest. -dir n expander, a chest muscle building device.

ikspidisyun n expedition. v [A1; b6] make an expedition. Mag-ikspidisyun sila ngadtu sa búlan, They will make an expedition to the moon. Wà pay nakaikspidisyun sa Mars, No one has made an expedition to Mars.

ikspild expelled from a school or organization. v [a12] get expelled. Maikspild ka unyà ug maghinúbug ka, You’ll get expelled if you get drunk all the time.

ikspirimin n experiment as a school problem.

ikspirimintu n experiment. v [A; c] conduct an experiment. Kanúnayng ikspirimintúhan ang ilagà, They always experiment on rats.

ikspirinsiya n experience, things one has lived through. v [A12] have experienced. Nakaikspirinsiya na ku sa kinabúhì sa dágat, I have experienced life on the sea. -du(←) a experienced. v [B12; b6] be experienced. Ikspirinsiyadu ku ánà, tits, Listen, buster, I know all about that.

ikspirmin = ikspirimin.

ikspirmintu = ikspirimintu.

ikspirtu a expert. Ikspirtung mangunguut, An expert pick-pocket. v [B1; b6] be an expert.

ikspiryinsádu, ikspiryinsyádu = ikspirinsiyádu. see ikspirinsiya.

iksplikar = isplikar.

iksplurasiyun n exploration for natural resources.

iksplusíbu n explosive.

ikspris n express bus, train, or the like. dawuntawun — jitneys with no fixed routes.

ikspurtadur n exporter. v [B156] be an exporter.

ikspús v [A; c6] expose films.

ikspusisiyun n exposition.

iksri n x-ray. v [A; b] x-ray. pa- v [A; c] have s.o. x-ray one.

ikstin v 1 [A2; c1] extend the time allotted for s.t. or the size. Kining salidáha ikstínun (iikstin) giyud, This movie film will surely be extended. 1a put an extension on s.t. Ikstinan ang balay, The house will be added to. 2 [A; b(1)] extend assistance. Giikstinan kug tulu ka búlan nga salari lún, I was extended a three months’ loan on my salary.

ikstinsiyun n 1 extension of time, addition to a building. 2 branch, unit of an organization located apart from the main location of the organization. 3 extra telephone connected to the same line as the main line. 4 extra class section to accommodate an overflow enrollment. 4a teacher assigned to such a class. v [A; b6(1)] give, add an extension, make a branch or extra telephone, add on an extra class section. Dílì kaikstinsyunan ang ímung lún, kining baláya, kining iskuylahána, inyung tilipunu, kining klasíha, We cannot extend your loan, put an extension on your house, build a branch of this school, give you a telephone extension, put in an extra section to this class.

ikstiriyur n 1 exterior portion of s.t. 2 tire.

ikstra n 1 shorts in a movie. 2 bit player in a movie. 3 one who pinch-hits for s.o. on a blue-collar job. 4 s.t. extra which isn’t being used. Wà ka bay ikstrang papil dihà? Don’t you have any extra paper there you’re not using? v 1 [c] show shorts with a movie. 2 [A; a2] be an extra in a movie. 3 [A; b6] pinch-hit for s.o. in his absence. Muikstra ku sa mga draybir nga nasakit, I pinch-hit for drivers who are sick. 3a use s.t. belonging to s.o. while he is not using it (slang). Muikstra ku sa ímung bisiklíta ha? May I play with your bicycle? 4a [c] add s.t. extra. Ang púlu nga ákung gidá giikstráhan ug duha sa ákung asáwa, My wife added two extra shirts to the one I took with me.†

ikstriyul, ikstriyur = ikstiriyur.

iktarya n hectare. v [B256] be a hectare. Gamay ra ang íyang yútà. Wà ra muiktarya (maiktarya), The parcel of land he owns is very small. It hardly reaches a hectare.

iktin a having an up and down bouncing gait. Iktin kaáyug linakwan ang tagabúkid, The mountaineer bounces up and down when he walks. v 1 [B; c1] bounce up and down. 2 [A; b6] jump up and away slightly. Miiktin kug kalit pagkatunub nákù sa hálas, I jumped back quickly when I stepped on a snake. -in- v [c1] done in a bouncing way.

íku₁ n echo chamber. v [B23(1)6] for a sound to echo in the echo chamber. pa- v [b5] make an echo effect in a song. Paikúhun (paikúhan) ang kanta sa kumbu, The songs of the combo are recorded with an echo.

íku₂ (short for tagái ku) let me have some. Íku bi, Let me have some, please.

ikud v [A; b5] follow immediately behind s.o. Giikud (giikuran) siya kanúnay sa kapulisan kay mu ra man siyag kawatan, The police shadowed him constantly because he seemed to be a thief. ikud-íkud v [A; b] move around in a circle in a limited space. Pwirting nakaikud-íkud sa irù nga gikatlan sa lubut, The dog with an itchy rump is turning round and in discomfort.

íkud = íkug₂.

íkug₁ n 1 tail, or analogous structure. Midágan pinabahag ang íkug, He ran off with his tail between his legs. Ang íkug sa ayruplánu, The tail of the airplane. 2 penis (humorous). 3 train of a dress (in the traditional skirt [sáya], usually tucked in the front). v [A2; a] put a tail on. Giikúgan sa bátà ang yáwà nga íyang gidrúwing, The child put a tail on the devil he was drawing. ikug-íkug sa iring n k.o. ornamental bush bearing small flowers in dense purple, hanging spikes. ikug-ikug sa iring n k.o. ornamental aerial plant consisting of long branches with fine leaves resembling a cat’s tail. paN- v [A23; c6] put, be at the rear. Nangíkug siya sa lumbà, He was last in the race. Mauy nahimámat sa mga táwu ang nangíkug nga asu, The people noticed the smoke trailing behind the plane. paN-(→) n crupper, thing to hold the saddle in place. v [b6] put a crupper on. -an a devil, devilish (lit. the tailed one). Gisákit na pud ku íning bátang ikúgan, The little devil is bothering me again.

íkug₂ v [B12; b3(1)c5] feel hesitant to approach s.o. for s.t., feel embarrassed to refuse. Maíkug ka bang mubalíbad? Are you embarrassed to refuse them? Wà ku mangasábà kay gikaikgan ku ang tigúwang sa píkas, I didn’t scold them because I was embarrassed to do so with the father right next door. Ngánung ikaíkug man nímu ang pagpatábang kanákù? Why are you embarrassed to turn to me for help? paN-(→) v [A13] be feeling embarrassed. Nagpangikug siyang misaka sa báy, He felt terribly embarrassed as he went into the house. ilikgan, ikgánun a easily feeling hesitation. ka- n feeling of shyness to ask or refuse a favor.

kailikgan n person whom one hesitates to approach or refuse. Kailikgan ku nà siya kay bugtung igsúun sa ákung Máma, I can never turn him down, for he is my mother’s only brother. ma-un(←) a characterized by hesitation. Nangáyù siya sa maikúgung tíngug, He asked me in a shy voice.

ikunumika n economy, economics.

ikunumíya a economical. Ikunumíyang gamítun ang sabun nga dúgay mahílis, A soap which doesn’t easily dissolve is economical to use. v [A13; a12] 1 economize. Mag-ikunumíya ta sa átung pagkáun, Let us be economical with our food. Ikunumiyáha paggámit ang pumáda, Use the pomade economically. 2 [A13] masturbate (slang—from the idea of saving money by not hiring a prostitute).

íkus = íkut.

íkut v [A2; b(1)] for animals that leave their stingers to sting. Ayawg samúka nang lampínig kay ikútan ka, Don’t disturb the yellowjackets because they will sting you. (→) n stinger. iniktan n place stung.

ikut-íkut = ikit-íkit. see íkit.

ikwadur n equator.

ikyas v [A2; b6] slip away, get away after planning to do so. Miikyas ku sa báy kay daghang buhatun,- I slipped out of the house because there was a lot of chores to do. Nakaikyas ang prísu, The prisoner escaped.

ikyut = ukyut.

ila₁ v 1 [A; a12b2] identify, distinguish which is which. Ang tistígus mauy nag-ila kinsa ang sad-an, The witness identified the culprit. Lisud ilhun kung babáyi u laláki ba kanang taas ug buhuk. Dílì giyud maila (mailhan), It’s hard to tell if it’s a boy or girl when they have long hair. You can’t tell. 2 [A12; a3b2] recognize who a person is. Wà ku siya maila (hiilhi) sa ngitngit, I did not recognize him in the dark. 3 [A12; b(1)] know a person. Nakaila aku kaníya, I know him. 4 [A3; a12b2] acknowledge, consider s.o. as s.t. Walà sila muila sa íyang kinaadman, They did not recognize his wisdom. Siya ang giilang hárì sa mga matun, He is the acknowledged king of the thugs. 4a [A23; a12] acknowledge s.o. as arousing fear or awe. Wà siyay giilang táwu, He’s afraid of no one. 4b — ug Ginúu call on God’s help when one is in distress. Makaila ka ug Ginúu ug náa ka sa kalisud, You will call on God when you are in trouble. 5 [A12] experience, taste. Paminyúa lag sayu arun makailag unsay kalisud, Let them marry young so they can experience hardship. n birthmark. pa- v [A; ac] 1 make s.t. known, introduce oneself as s.o. Wà siya magpaila nga anak sa hárì, He did not let it be known that he was the king’s son. Ipaila ku kanímu ang tinúud, I’ll make the truth known. 2 indicate. Ang kusug nga ulan usáhay nagpaila nga dúnay bagyu, Heavy rain sometimes indicates that there is a storm. ilaíla v [A2C; acP] introduce, get acquainted. Nakig-ilaíla siya sa mga lídir sa pulitika, He introduced himself to the political leaders. Ilailáha ang ákung kasáring, Meet my classmate. Iilaíla (ipailaíla) aku ánang ímung kúyug, Introduce me to your companion. pailaíla v [A; ac] introduce s.o. to s.o. else. Pailailáha sila, Let them get acquainted with each other. ka-(←) n acquaintance. v [C; c5] become acquainted with one or more persons. Didtu sila magkaíla sa barku, They became friends on the boat. Gikaíla ku siya sa barku, I made his acquaintance on the boat. ilhánan n identifying mark or sign. Ákù nang rilúha kay dúnay ilhánan, That watch is mine because there is an identifying mark. -in- n recognized as s.t. good, well-known. -du a 1 well-known. Iládu siya sa íla, He is well-known in their town. 2 notorious. Ang mga iládung mangunguut, The notorious pickpockets. v [B12] be, become well-known, notorious. timailhan see timailhan. †

ila₂ a shy, afraid to approach s.o. unfamiliar. Ila kaáyu ang bátà, dílì padúul nákù, The child is very shy; he doesn’t want me to go near him. v [B; b6] become shy. Maila ang manuk ug síging pakuratan, It makes the chickens shy if you keep scaring them. ilahan = ila₂.

íla see sila.

ilab v [APB; a4] catch fire, cause s.t. to do so. Miilab (nailab, giilab) ang sidsid sa íyang sinínà sa dihang naduul sa káyu, The hem of her dress caught fire when it came near the fire. Ang pagdagkut sa puspuru mauy miilab (mipailab) sa gasulína, When he lighted the match, it caused the gasoline to catch fire.

ílad v [AN; a12] 1 swindle. Ilárun giyud ka kay dalì ka ra mutúu, I’m sure you’ll get swindled because you are easily deceived. 2 fool s.o. Siyay niílad ni Huwan nga may iskuyla kunu karun, He fooled John telling him there was school today. n action of swindling. paN- n business of swindling. Magsilbi ka sa pangílad kay maáyu kang mupatúu ug táwu, You will do well as a swindler because you can make people believe you. maN-r-(→) n swindler.

iláda = hiláda.

iládu 1 see ila₁. 2 = hiláda.

iladur = hiladur, see hiláda.

ilag, ílag v [A2; c] dodge. Iilag lang ang ímung láwas ug labáyun ka, Move your body quickly to the side if s.o. throws s.t. at you.

ilagà n 1 rat, mouse. 2 by extension, hamsters. Timáwà pa sa ilagà, Poor as a church mouse. — sa Urúpa white mouse. ilagàilágà n a game of chance at carnivals or fiestas involving hamsters which are let loose and have a choice of several holes to take shelter in. Bets are placed on which animal enters which hole.

ilahánun see sila.

ilaid v [A13] 1 lie in intense suffering. Duha ka búwan nga nag-ilaid siya sa banig, He suffered intensely in his bed for two months. 2 stagger under a load. Nag-ilaid siya sa kabug-at sa íyang dala, He was staggering under the weight of what he was carrying. — sa kawad-un suffering extreme poverty.

ílak = damagan₁.

ilang-ílang = alangílan.

ilap, ílap v [A2; c1] 1 for flames to lick at s.t. Ang kaláyu ígù lang miílap sa balay, The flames just licked at the house. 2 touch lightly. Miílap ang túbig sa bàbà sa barútu, The water touched the top of the boat gently. Giílap sa hángin ang íyang buktun, His arm was touched lightly by the wind.

ílas n Job’s tears, a coarse grass growing to 2 m. with smooth and large grains, used for ornamental beads: Coix lachryma-jobi.

iláwud see lawud.

ilaya, iláya n area away from the coast or town. pa- v [A] go inland. ilayanhun a hill-*billy, one from the remote interior regions.

ilbu n elbow joint of pipes.

íli₁ n letter L.

*íli₂ see ilíhan.

ilibítur n elevator. — buy n elevator boy. v [A13; a] go by, make into an elevator.

ilidyibul a 1 qualified for the civil service. Ilidyibul ang tanang nagtrabáhu sa adwána, All the workers in the Customs have passed the civil service qualifications. 2 for a man to be eligible for marriage (usually highly eligible). v [B12] 1 make, become a civil service eligible. 2 be eligible for marriage.

ílig v [A; b6] for a large number to move s.w. where conditions are more favorable. Sa tingtugnaw muílig ang mga langgam sa ínit nga dapit, During the cold season birds migrate to hot places. Búkid nga giilígan sa mga bakwit, The mountains where the people took refuge. -an(→) n place where a large number flock for refuge.

ilígal a illegal. †

iliganti a elegant in looks. Iliganti kang tan-áwun ánang sinináa, You look elegant in that dress. v [B12; b6] be elegant in looks.

ilíhan n remote area, thinly populated, usually forested and inaccessible to vehicles. Ayaw pagsúut sa ilíhan, tingálig mawā̀ ka, You might get lost if you wander into the woods.

ílik v [AP; c1] turn the body right and left gracefully in dancing or to view oneself better in a mirror. Mag-ílik (magpaílik) gánì kag dúgay sa sámin, byáan ta ka, If you spend so much time primping yourself up in front of the mirror, I’ll leave you. Klarúha lang nag sáyaw, ilíkun (iílik) pa man, You’re wiggling your body so much, why don’t you go ahead and dance? n action of turning left and right.

iliksiyun n election. v [A1] hold elections.

iliktrik a electric. — áyurn n electric iron. — istub n electric range. — tsir n electric chair. v [c6] be sent to the chair.

iliktrisidad n electricity, electric current. v [b6] have electricity.

iliktrisyan n electrician. v [B16] be an electrician.

iliktruniku n electronics.

iliktur n voter. v [B126] become a voter.

ilikturáda n the electorate, the voting public.

iliktural n electoral.

ilimintári, ilimintarya n elementary school. v [A1] study in a certain elementary school.

ilimintu n element, component.

iling = sal-ing.

ilin-ílin v [A12; b8] have a variety of things to choose from. Makailin-ílin kag pagkáun, There’s a tremendous variety of food to choose from. Daghan ang pagkáun nga kailin-ilínan, There’s lots of food one can choose from. pailin-ílin v [A; ac2] be given a variety of things to choose from. Nagpailin-ílin lang siyag puyù sa mga paryinti níya sa siyudad, He has a large number of relatives to choose from to stay with when he comes to the city.

ilipanti n 1 elephant. 2 k.o. herb with a spike of white or blue flowers that curls like the tusk of an elephant. The leaves are applied to boils and wounds: Heliotropium indicum. — nga laki plant similar in appearance to ilipanti and with similar medicinal use: Stachytarpheta jamaicensis or australis.

ilipant wuk n the elephant walk, a k.o. dance. v [A] dance this dance.

ílis v 1 [A23C; ab1c] give s.t. in lieu of s.t. received. Kinsay muílis ug rilu áring ákung singsing, Who will give me a watch for my ring? Mag-ílis tag lingkuránan, Let’s exchange seats. Napúlù ka gip-istam ilísan ug takurì, You get a teakettle for ten gift stamps. 2 [A; b1c] replace s.t. with s.t. else similar. Kamau kang muílis ug batu sa singsing? Do you know how to change the stone in a ring? Giilísan si Pidru sa kuts, The coach replaced Pedro. 2a [A; bc] break money into smaller denominations. Ilísi ra kinig mamísus, Please change this bill into one-peso notes. 3 [AB13; c] put clothes on s.o., change s.o.’s clothes. Kinsay muílis sa bátà, Who will change the child? Nag-ílis si Pípi, Pepe is changing clothes. 3a [B13; c] be dressed up. Maáyu untà nà siyag hitsúra ug mag-ílis, He looks pretty good if he is dressed up. 4 [A2; c] pay back s.t. borrowed, replace s.t. lost or consumed. Maáyu siyang manghulam ug kwarta apan dílì muílis, He’s good in borrowing money but never pays you back. Ilísan ku tung duláan nga giwálà sa bátà, I’ll replace the toy the child lost. 5 [A12S3] come and go, happen one after the other. Mag-ílis ang suluguun sa ámù kay daghanan ra sa trabáhu, Our helpers do not stick with us because we make them work too hard. Nag-ilis lag pangamátay ang íyang mga anak, His children died one after the other. 6 muílis nga simána, búwan, etc. next week, next month, etc. n replacement, thing given in exchange, shift of workers. Siyay ílis nákù sa trabáhu, He is my replacement at work. Kini ílis sa ákung gibuak, This is in exchange for the one I broke. -an(→) n clean clothes.

ilisdan/ilisdi v [b1] 1 exchange, replace s.t. Ákung ilisdan ug duha ka buuk kabáyù nang ímung kábaw, I’ll give you two horses for your carabao. 2 pay s.o. back or replace s.t. Ilisdan tika sa Lúnis, I’ll pay you back Monday. Ímu giyung ilisdan tung ákung pawuntinpin, You should replace my pen. 3 replace s.t. that was s.w. by s.t. else. Giilisdag baratuhung batu ang singsing, He substituted a cheap stone in the ring.

ilísi = ísi₂.

ilitirit n illiterate. v [B126; b6] end up an illiterate.

ilitsu dibilin n a k.o. small club moss used as an indoor ornamental plant: Selaginella umbrosa.

íliw₁ v 1 [AN3; a2] long for s.t., miss s.t. that one loves. Ang bátà wà giyud mangíliw sa inahan níyang namatay, The child did not miss its dead mother. Ang mabdus nag-íliw ug hilaw mangga, The pregnant woman is longing for green mangoes. Giíliw kang Máma nímu, Your mother is looking for you. 2 [b8] take a liking to s.t. Nailiwan uruy níya nang bataána, He has come to take a liking to that child. n k.o. poisonous snake, so called because it is believed that the snake and victim long for each other after the victim has been bitten, and the victim loses his mind, forgetting to have his wound treated.

íliw₂ n sergeant fish or crab eater: Rachycentron canadus.

iltur n variety of cholera called El Tor. v [A123P; a4] get El Tor.

ílu₁ n 1 one who has lost a parent. Ílu siya sa inahan, She has no mother. — nga tulápus orphan. 2 having lost a relative or s.o. close, deprived of s.t. one needs. Namaldítu ang íyang anak kay ílu sa pagtagad, His son became delinquent because he is wanting in care and affection. v [B126] 1 lose a father or mother. 2 deprived of s.t. one needs.

ílu₂ v [A; b] wipe s.o. after a bowel movement. (→) n s.t. used to wipe oneself after a bowel movement. Maáyung ilu ang pákaw, Corn cobs are good to wipe with. pa- v [A; ac] have s.o. wipe one’s anus. paN- v [A; b] wipe oneself after a bowel movement. iluhan n anus.

ílu₃ ka-, ka-(→) Poor thing! Kaílu níya, byàbyáan lang sa inahan, Poor thing, he’s just neglected by his mother.

*ílub see paílub.

ílug v 1 [A3S; a2] take away from s.o.’s possession. Nakailug kug búla, I managed to get a ball away from him. Ilúgun nákù basta dì ihátag, I will take it away from you if you do not give it to me. 1a — ug lugar 1a1 occupy more space than necessary. 1a2 for a moving vehicle to run another vehicle out of its lane by cutting in on him or coming against him. 2 [C2; b3] fight for possession of s.o. or s.t. Bukug nga giilúgan sa duha ka irù, The bone the two dogs were fighting over. 3 [A2; a12] overcome. Bisag unsáun kug tuun, muílug giyud ang katulúgun, No matter how hard I study, sleep overcomes me. 3a — sa bandíra v [A123S; a3] manage to marry a man who has a large number of sweethearts. Ayaw na lang ug pangabubhu ánang mga karáang trátu sa ímung bána. Tutal ikaw may nakailug sa bandíra, You need not get jealous about your husband’s former sweethearts. After all, you were the one he married. 4 [A23; c] cut in on a conversation. ‘Dì nà mau,’ miílug si Pidru, ‘That is not the one,’ Pedro broke in. 4a include s.t. s.w. where it wouldn’t normally be included. Iílug ra kinig pasa, While you’re ironing would you touch this up quickly? 4b take time out to do s.t. Ilúga ra gud ni ug laba, Take off a minute to wash this. 5 — sa yáwà [a12] completely forget s.t. important which one was about to say. Walà giyud kuy nabungat nga mga maáyung rasun. Giílug ug hurut sa yáwà. Napildi hinúun kus kásu, I never did get my good arguments out. I completely forgot what I was going to say, so I lost the case. n action of grabbing. (→) = ílug, v 4a, b. -an(→) a tending to grab things from others. -in-, -in-(→) n 1 odds favorite in gambling. Adtu ku pusta sa inílug, I’ll bet on the favored cock. 2 popular, sought after. Si Núra Unur inílug sa mga prudyúsir, The producers fight each other to get Nora Aunor. -in-an n merchandise which is highly popular (things which people fight with each other to get). Inilúgan kaáyu ang pán ni Tínung, Tinong’s bread is very popular. -un(→) a be in short supply. Ilugun kaáyu ang ákung panahun, I have very little time. n the upper part of the small intestines which are rolled up. siN-un(→) a = ilugun, a.

íluk n armpit. (→) v 1 [A; c1] carry under the arm. Iiluk (iluka) kanang putus, Carry that bundle under your arm. 2 [A; a12] hit in the armpit or at the point where the leg or fin of a beast joins the body. Nailuk ang ihu sa ísi, The harpoon hit the shark at the base of the fin. 3 [A1; a3] acquire a degree or other distinction. Si Huwan nakailuk sa únang ganti, John won first prize. paN-an(→) n place where the armpits are.

Ilukánu n Ilocano, person from the Ilocos region or his language. -in- n the Ilocano style or language.

ilúku n k.o. thread of several strands made from low-grade cotton, finer and whiter than the tingkal.

Ilúkus n Ilocos region, Northwestern Luzon.

ilung n nose. gáhì ug — a for domestic animals which have a tether rope attached to the nose to be intractable, disobedient. b for a person to be contrary, not amenable to suggestions. húmuk ug — for domestic animals to be tractable, obedient or person to be acquiescent, amenable. taas ug — a long-nosed. b blind to s.t. right under one’s nose. walay — flat-nosed. -an, -an(←) n having a nicely-shaped nose. paN- n rope passed through the water buffalo’s nose to which the tether rope is attached.

Ilungga = ilunggu (female).

Ilunggu (from Iluílu, the principal city of the Hiligaynon region). n 1 one from the Hiligaynon region. 2 Hiligaynon language.

ilun-ílun n variety of lowland rice reaching a height of about 5′ and with longer and bigger leaves than most other varieties, maturing in eight months. It has heavy yellow grains and is not much planted, as more productive varieties have been introduced. v [A3; a2] plant this variety of rice.

ilustráda a an illustrious woman or family, one who has done deeds worthy of emulation and respect.

ilustrádu n illustrious persons.

ilut v [A; b6(1)] induce a rooster to fight with another rooster in order to catch him. Dílì madakpan kanang sunúya kun dílì ilutan, You cannot capture that rooster if you don’t lure him.

imà = ingà.

imabaw = ibabaw, see babaw.

imáhin n religious image.

imakuláda kunsipsiyun n immaculate conception.

imas added to, plus. Upat imas sayis mahímung napúlù, Six plus four makes ten.

imat a 1 ugly: a in a messy way. b in action. 2 poor in quality. Imat ning bulpína. Dì muági, This pen is of poor quality. It doesn’t write well. v [B12] become ugly. Naimat ang íyang nawung sa tantung pangulurítis, Her face was a mess with all that make-up.

imbaháda₁ v [A; b6] pace back and forth in anger. Muimbaháda ku ug masukù, I pace back and forth when I’m angry.

imbaháda₂ n 1 embassy. 2 an announcement of s.t. to come, esp. the announcement sent by the groom’s family to the house of the prospective bride that they will come to ask for the bride’s hand formally (pamaláyi). 3 messenger of a king or s.o. sent to announce the courtship ceremony. v [A; b] notification of s.t. to happen. Nag-imbaháda ang ákung anak nga dúna siyay mga bisítang dad-un sa ámù, My son notified us in advance that he was bringing visitors to our house. Wà makaimbaháda ang gubyirnu sa kalit nga pag-usbaw sa prisyu sa bugas, The government did not have a chance to notify the people about the sudden rise in the price of rice.

imbahadur n ambassador. v [B156; a12] be an ambassador.

imbalidu, imbalídu n 1 invalid, null and void. Imbalídu ang kuntrátu kay way pirma, Their contract is invalid because it has no signature. 2 invalid, ill person. v [c16] 1 invalidate. 2 [B12] become an invalid.

imbalsamar v [A3P; a] embalm. imbalsamadur n embalmer. v [B156] be an embalmer. †

imbargu v [A; a2] 1 confiscate. Ang maistra miimbargu sa kúmiks, The teacher confiscated the comic books. 2 foreclose on a loan, repossess. Maimbargu unyà ang ákung makinilya, They might repossess my typewriter.

imbasyun n invasion.

imbaw n k.o. grey lucene clam with concentric ridges running along the width but with no vertical lines, 2″ to 3″ in width. Most types of the imbaw are similar in shape, color, and size to the American quahog, but with more pronounced ridges and no blue on the inside of the shell. — sa bunbun a small k.o. imbaw found on the shore. paN- v [A2; b(1)] gather imbaw.

imbay₁ a moving slow with stiff legs like a crab. v [B; a] be slow and dragging in movements or work. Nag-imbay na ang íyang linaktan tungud sa kakápuy, His pace became very slow from fatigue. Giimbay níya paghungit ang bátà, He is feeding the child slowly bit at a time. Giimbáyan níya ang íyang trabáhu, He dilly-dallied on the job.

imbay₂ n name given to the women kept by Japanese soldiers as mistresses. v [A; c1] become an imbay.

imbintu n invention. v 1 [A; a] invent. Bag-ung bumba na puy imbintúhun sa Rusya, Now the Russians are going to invent another bomb. 2 [A; a2] make up a lie, story. Maáyu kang mangimbintu ug katarúngan, You are great at making up excuses.

imbǐs instead of. Si Maríya ang giminyúan imbǐs si Ilína, The man married Maria instead of Elena. Imbǐs mutrabáhu magpúnay lang siyag tábì, Instead of working, she would sit around blabbing.

imbistigar v [A; a2] investigate. Imbistigarun (imbistigahun) ang hinungdan sa pagkabagsà, The cause of the crash should be investigated. imbistigadur n investigator. v [B156; a12] be an investigator.

imbistigasyun n investigation.

imbitar v [AN; a12] invite s.o. to go to an affair or a place. Wà siya mangimbitar nákù uy, He didn’t invite me. Imbitarun (imbitahun) ta ka sa ámung pista, I am inviting you to our fiesta celebration. imbitádu n one invited to an affair. imbitasiyun n invitation.

imbraimatsu n k.o. joint in which a tongue or rib at the edge of the board fits exactly into a groove in another. v [c1] use boards with tongue and groove joints for walling or flooring.

imbúdu n funnel. v [A; c] 1 put a funnel. Imbudúhi ang butilya inighuwad, Put a funnel in the bottle when you pour. 2 funnel, divert s.t. Daghang humay giimbúdu ngadtu sa blakmarkit, Lots of rice was funnelled into the black market.

imbukar v [A; b5] start, begin. Miimbukar ang ikaduhang kagúbut sa kalibútan mga katluan na ka túig gíkan karun, The Second World War started some thirty years ago. Ug naimbukar (naimbukahan) pa ug sayu ning trabahúa human na untà ni pagkakarun, Had this work been started early, it would have been finished by now.

imburnal n culvert. v [c] put a culvert.

imbúru = imbúdu.

imbus = ibyus.

imbuyis n invoice. v [A; b6(1)] make an invoice of goods bought. Ang tindíru mauy muimbuyis sa mga pinalit ku, The sales clerk makes the invoices for the things I buy.

imbyirnu n winter.

ími n letter M.

imigrant n s.o. who emigrates abroad. v [B126] become an emigrant.

imirdyinsi n emergency. — máni the money issued by the provincial governments after the outbreak of World War II before the Japanese occupation.

imirhinsiya = imirdyinsi.

imiri — bag, burd emery bag, board.

imit v [AN; a2] 1 desire to have things of little value or which one can’t use. Nangimit (nag-imit) ka man diay niánang mga pitsipitsi, Do you really want to have that junk? 2 be after s.t. Wà siya mahigugma níya. Nag-imit lang sa íyang yútà, He doesn’t love her. He’s just after her land. a stingy, possessive.

imitasiyun, imitisyun n imitation.

imnu n hymn.

impáki v [A; c1] pack up, put in a container for carrying or storing. Impakíhag (iimpákig) maáyu ang dad-unun, Pack up the things we will take with us carefully.

impaktu n 1 supernatural being which causes evil and may be called into the service of a sorcerer. If he shows himself it is usually in the form of s.t. ordinary with an extraordinary characteristic: animal of an unusual age, color, or shape; banana trunk blocking the way where there had been no bananas growing, and the like. 2 by extension, s.o. who does evil without scruples. v [B26; b6] be devilish, without scruples.

impanáda n pastries consisting of meat wrapped in dough and fried. v [A1; a2] make impanáda.

impantil — biribiri, paralisis n k.o. children’s disease.

impantiríya n infantry.

impas a 1 paid off, up. Impas na ang ákung útang, My debts are paid off. 2 be done for, finished off, dead. Impas na ang manuk, The cock is finished off. Impas na ang ákung puhúnan. Dì na ku makasúgal, My money is all gone. I can’t gamble any more. Impas ka ug hibuthan ka ug dinamíta, That’ll be the end of you if dynamite explodes on you. v 1 [A3P; b5] pay off, up. 2 [B126; ab3] be done in, finished, dead. — túdas = impas, 2.

impáti 1 for antagonists to be even in gains and losses. Impáti na ta kay púlus ta way túri, We are even now because we both lost our rooks. 2 having no more debts. Impáti na ta. Wà na kuy útang, We’re square now. I don’t owe you a thing. v 1 [a3] come to a tie. Naimpáti ang ílang dúlà, Their game ended in a tie. 1a [A12; c3] get a tie. 2 [AC; a1] settle up accounts between people that have debts to each other or between mortgager and the holder of a mortgage. Arun magkaimpáti ta, pun-an nákug tris mil ang ímung prinda, ug ákù na, To settle up, I’ll give you three thousand and pay off your mortgage, and the land is mine. 3 [A12] for an amount to be sufficient to meet some obligations. Dì makaimpáti ang ímung swildu sa ímung taplanan, Your salary isn’t enough to pay your debts to me. 4 [B126] be finished off. Naimpáti sa mananaygun ang ákung katapúsang sinsíyu, The carolers finished off all of my change.

impatsu n indigestion caused by eating things that don’t go together. v [B126; a4] have indigestion. Naimpatsu (giimpatsu) ang bátà kay nagkaug buúngun ug butung, The child suffered from indigestion because he ate pomelos and young coconut. — sa sabun v [a3] for clothes that have been put out in the sun to bleach to be allowed to dry out such that the soap will not come out.

impi n 1 acronym for MP (military police). 2 wife in her capacity as her husband’s watchdog (slang). v 1 [B156; a12] be an MP. 2 [A3; b6] check upon husband. Dì makaguwàguwà si Dindu kay náay muimpi níya, Dindo is not free to go out because there is a watchdog checking upon him.

impiksiyun n infection.

impiktu = ipiktu.

impilya n leaf lard, a thin layer of fatty tissue around the outside of the stomach of large animals or persons. impilyáhun a fat, obese.

impiradur n 1 emperor. 2 name formerly given to the brightest student in the class, who was given a special place in front. v [B16; a12] 1 be an emperor. 2 be the best student in class.

impiratris n empress. v [B126; a12] become an empress.

impirdibli n safety pin. v [A; b6] fasten s.t. with a safety pin.

impirmaríya, impirmarya n infirmary.

impirnu n 1 hell. Impirnu ning ákung kinabúhì uban nímu, My life with you is hell. 2a hain, ása, diin nga impirnúha whatever place it is, I couldn’t care less. Ambut kun háin siyang impirnúha, I don’t know where she is, and I don’t give a damn. v 1 [B12] become a hell. 2 [a3b4(1)] go to hell. Ang mga dautan maimpirnu, Bad men go to hell. Ang palábi nga pagsugal ray kaimpirnúhan mu, You’ll go to hell because of your gambling. 3 [B16] be blazing with anger. Hílum kay nag-impirnu ning ákung úlu, Shut up. My head is blazing with anger.

impiryu n empire.

impisar v [A; c16] start, begin. Impisahun (iimpisar) na nátù ang trabáhu, Let us start working.

impísi = inpísi.

impitu n height of one’s anger. v [B6; b4] be at the height of anger. Ayaw siyag duúla ug mag-impitu ang íyang kasukù, Don’t approach him if he is fuming mad. Naimpituhan ku siyag latigu, I whipped him in a burst of rage.

impiyirnu = impirnu.

implimintar v [A; c] implement, put a procedure into effect. Iimplimintar na ang bag-ung baláud sa pangampanya sa pulitika, They are going to implement the new law regarding campaigning.

impliyar v 1 [A2; b(1)] get employment. Nakaimpliyar siya sa gubyirnu, He was employed in the government service. Mauy impliyari ang dagkung kumpaníya, Get employed in a large company. 2 [A; b6c1] hire, employ. Dì siya muimpliyar ug minur diidad, They do not employ minors. 3 [A; c] employ, put into practice what one has learned. Giimpliyar níya ang diyútayng kaálam sa dyúdu, He employed the little judo he knew. impliyáda n female employee. impliyádu n employee. v [B16; a2] get employed in a job. Sígi lag pangítag trabáhu hangtud maimpliyádu ka, Don’t quit looking for work until you get employment. Ang táwung way ambisyun mag-impliyádu lang hangtud sa pagkamatay, A man who has no ambition will work as an employee forever. Ang upisína giimpliyadúhan níyag upat, He employed four people in his office.

implíyu n employment, job. v [A; a2] employ. Gustu kung muimplíyu ug kugihan nga búy, I want to employ an industrious houseboy. paN- v [A2; b6] work as an employee. Nangimplíyu ang asáwa kay dì paigù ang swildu sa bána, The wife took a job because the husband didn’t make enough.

impluwinsa n influenza. v [B126; a4] get influenza. Ábi kug labad sa úlu lang, naimpluwinsa man núun, I thought it was only a headache, but it turned out to be the flu. Impluwinsáhun ka, You will get influenza.

impluwinsiya n influence. v [A; a1] influence.

imprinta n printing press or an establishment in the printing business. v [A; a] print. Imprintáhun giyud ang imbitasiyun, The invitation card should be printed. imprintahan = imprinta, n.

imprisaryu n impresario. v [B15; b6] be an impresario.

imprumtu n impromptu. v [c1] be impromptu. Naimprumtu ang prugráma kay way nakapangandam, The program was made impromptu because nobody prepared for it.

*impuntu alas [number] — at [such-and-such a time] on the dot. Alas utsu impuntu, Eight o’clock sharp.

impurmǎl a informal gathering, affair. v [a12] make an affair informal.

impurmasiyun n information.

impurtansiya n importance. pa- v [A; b6(1)] be given, give oneself importance. Mupaimpurtansiya giyud nang bayhána. Dì giyud mulingkud sa luyu, That woman pretends she’s important. She never takes a seat in the back.

impurtanti a important, having a bearing on a situation. v [B12; b6] be important for s.t. Nagkaimpurtanti ang túbig nga nagkaduul na ang tinghulaw, Water is once more becoming important because the dry season is approaching. Palita dáyun kun impurtantihan ka ánang librúha sa ímung pagtuun, Buy that book if you consider it important for your studies.

impurtasiyun n importation.

impurti n value. Pilay impurti sa ímung singsing? How much is your ring worth? Káhuy nga impurtig trisyintus, Wood worth three hundred pesos. v [B456] be worth [so-and-so] much. Kadtung lúhung awtu nag-impurti ug trayinta míl, That luxurious car is worth thirty thousand.

impurtid n imported.

impusibli a it is impossible, very unlikely. Impusibli pug dì ka muganansiya, It is impossible that you won’t make a profit. v [B12; c1] be implausible, impossible to happen. Maimpusibli ang dágan sa isturya ug pasubraag kakulbà hínam, The story will be implausible if there are too many suspenseful details.

impuy n title of respect for old folks, male or female.

impyirnu = impirnu.

imraimatsu = imbraimatsu.

imsi n emcee. v [A; a2] emcee.

ímu see ikaw.

imulsiyun n emulsion of cod liver oil. v [b] give s.o. this preparation.

ímung v [AN; c1] 1 forget to pay a debt or return s.t. borrowed (from ímu [see ikaw] as used in an expression referring to the thing borrowed, e.g., Dúna man tuy ímung dus písus diri nákù nu? I still have two pesos of yours, don’t I?) Ayaw imúnga ang ákung bayinti písus, Don’t k.o. forget to pay me my twenty pesos, will you? 2 cheat s.o. out of s.t. small. Siyay miímung (nangímung) sa kwarta sa tigúwang ignuranti, He gypped the ignorant old man out of his money.

imurahiya n hemorrhage from the womb. v [A13P; a4] have a hemorrhage in childbirth or miscarriage. Nag-imurahiya (giimurahiya) siya dihang gikakuháan siya, She had a hemorrhage when she had her miscarriage.

imuralidad n immorality. v [a3] be dismissed from the teaching service for getting pregnant out of wedlock. Ug dílì siya pakaslan maimuralidad giyud siya, If he doesn’t marry her, she will be sacked for immorality.

imut-imut v [B12] be financially hard-up on a long-term basis. Pirmi giyung magkaimut-imut ang gastadur, A spendthrift is always in financial straits.

imyus = ibyus.

in grammatical particle (dialectal). 1 = y. 2 subject marker for an indefinite subject (standard Cebuano: ang). Dílì hingpit ang altar kay dakù pa man in kúwang, The altar is not complete. There is a good deal lacking.

ín₁ v [A12; c] be accepted as a teacher in the public schools. Wà pa siya maín sa pagkamaistra kay way bakanti, She hasn’t been accepted as a teacher because there’s no vacancy. n one who is ‘in’ in the school system.

ín₂ a for a ball to be in bounds. v [A; c6] in billiards, move the cue ball perpendicularly a certain distance from the edge of the billiard table to make it easier to shoot.

-in-₁ derivative affix added to adjectives or nouns to form adjectives which mean ‘in the manner of [such-and-such]’ and verbs that mean ‘do in [such-and-such] a manner.’ Usually, there is shift to the left with the addition of this affix. Ug dílì mahímù sa minaayu, buhátun nátù sa dinautang paági, If it can not be done in a nice way, we’ll do it in a bad way. Inigsuung tambag, Sisterly advice. 2 by the ... Giswilduan silag sinimana, They were paid by the week. Ginagmayng pagkapalit, Bought a little at a time.

-in-₂ affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the direct passive inflectional affix (-un₁) and the instrumental inflectional passive (i-₁), meaning 1. 1 the thing [verb]ed. Hinátag ba ni u pinalit ba? Was this a present (s.t. given) or just s.t. you bought? 2 s.t. put s.w. or in s.t. Inasin nga karni, Salted meat. Kinahun ug linata, Things in boxes and things in cans.

-in-₃ derivational affix. 1 added to verbs forming nouns which refer to the continuous action of doing and verbs which mean ‘[do] continuously’. Sa tantu níyang hinílak, From crying so much. Dúru nákung pinangítà, I looked for it for all I was worth. 2 added to words which refer to sounds to form nouns which mean ‘the sound of’. Tinúlù, The sound of dripping. Kinasíkas, Rustling sound.

ina old word for ‘mother’ that is confined to set phrases. bilat sa — see bilat. — nga [vegetable] variety of [vegetable] that is larger, softer, and inferior to the ordinary. Inang palawan, Large, soft variety of palawan. inahan n mother. inahan nga buhatan main office of a firm with branches. v [AN; c1] be a mother to. Siyay miinahan (nanginahan) sa íyang mga humagbus, She was mother to her stepchildren. panginahan v [A2; a2] recognize or treat as s.o.’s mother. Naguul si Pilar kay wà manginahan kaníya ang íyang humagbus, Pilar is worried because her stepchild doesn’t treat her like a mother. pakainahan v [A13; a12] act, treat like a mother. inaína 1 stepmother. 2 foster mother. v [A; c1] be a foster mother, stepmother to. Ákung manghud ákung iinaína (inaináhun) sa ákung mga bátà, I’ll make my younger sister the foster mother of my children. 2 [A12] get a stepmother, foster mother. inaan n mother hen. inaun, ináun n godmother. v [B3; c1] act as godmother, be a godmother. paN-(←) n in games like marbles, the piece the player uses to strike other pieces.

ínà (short for ayaw únà) 1 just a moment, a minute. Ínà pa, dúna pa kuy gipangítà, Just a moment (a minute) I’m still looking for s.t. 2 particle used to change the subject: by the way. Ínà pa ra gud, kinsa tu ka? By the way, who did you say you were?

inagurar v [A; b(1)] hold a celebration in honor of an accomplishment, having reached a certain stage, having finished s.t. Makainagurar ka giyug mupasar ka sa bár, You’ll have to hold a celebration if you pass the bar. Ang báy inagurahan ugmà, There will be a celebration for the new house tomorrow. inagurasiyun n celebration. v [A13; b(1)] = inagurar.

inámil n 1 enamel of teeth. 2 enamel paint.

-in-an affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the local passive inflectional affix (-an₁). 1 s.t. from, at, on, to which s.t. was done, place at which s.t. was done. Kinutúban sa ákung yútà, The boundary of my land. (Lit. The place to which my land reached.) 2 the thing or person [verb]ed. Nakahibáwu ku sa ímung tinagúan, I know your secret. 2a s.t. caught by [such-and-such] a method of fishing, hunting, etc. Pinaslan, Fish caught with a line. Dininamitáhan, Fish caught with dynamite. 3 reason for [do]ing. Mu ra nay ímung hinilákan? Is that all you’re crying about?

-in-an(→) affix added to verbs to form nouns meaning manner of doing. Linakwan, Way of walking. Kinataw-an, Way of laughing.

-in-ánan alternant of -in-an added to some roots where the final vowel of the root is dropped. Sinugdánan (sinugdan), Beginning. Kinuptánan sa átung panaghinigugmaay, Keepsakes betokening our love.

inánay v [AB; c1] do or become s.t. in stages gradually, little by little. Miinánay pagbákud ang masakitun, The sick man rose slowly. Miinánay (nainánay) ug kaláwum ang sapà, The brook is gradually getting deeper. Inanáya (iinánay) pagsira ang pultahan, Close the door slowly. Inanáyan ta lang kag báyad sa ákung útang, I’ll just pay you my debt little by little.

in-anay = -ay₁.

inánu n dwarf, midget. v [B6; b6] be a dwarf or midget.

ínat v 1 [AB23(1); c1] stretch, cause to extend farther in length or time. Akuy miínat sa dawunggan sa bátang badlúngun, I pulled the naughty child’s ears. Muínat (maínat) ang tisyirt, The T-shirt will stretch. Inátun (iínat) paggastu ang kwarta, Stretch the money to make it go a long way. 1a [A; a] stretch a grade so that the student can pass. Inátun na lang ni nátung grádu, kay gradwíting ka man, We’ll stretch your grade because you’re graduating. 2 [B26] for the voice or brows to be raised. Muínat (maínat) na gánì nang íyang kílay napikal na nà, When he raises his brows, that means he is irked. n 1 amount s.t. stretched. 2 stretching.

ínaw n name given to a k.o. sigay (small cowry) which is shiny.

inawgura = inagurar.

inay₁ n 1 short for Nánay mother. Háin man si inay mu (ang ímung inay)? Where’s your mother? 2 exclamation expressing great emotion. Inay, bitin, Mama! A snake! -an n mother hen or mother of other k.o. fowl. v [A1; a2] raise a mother bird.

inay₂ instead of [doing so-and-so]. Inay magtuun nagpúnay man hinúug liguy, Instead of studying he was always truant.

inay₃ I don’t know. Inay diin kahà nákù tu ikabutang ang lápis, I don’t know where I must have put the pencil.