A

a n letter A. walay — illiterate.

-a subjunctive direct passive affix. see -un.

-a(←) 1 affix added to nouns forming words which refer to a specific one of several: Kanang isdáa, dílì kadtu, That fish there, not that one further over. Háing baláya ang íla? Which house is theirs? 1a added to possessive pronouns: the particular one that belongs to [so-and-so]. Dakù ang amúang balay, gamay tung iláha, Our house is large, and theirs is small. 2 affix added to adjectives to form exclamation. Dakúa uy! My! How big it is! Patyun tikaw, irúa ka! I’ll kill you, you dog you! Ngilngígang awtúha à! That’s some car!

á particle used as a pause word before starting to speak. 1 as a filler. Á, muanhi ka ugmà? Um, are you going to come here tomorrow? 2 deprecating or showing unimportance of what just preceded. Á, paríha ra nákù, Oh, it’s all the same to me. Á, nagkumidiya lang siya, Oh, he’s just joking. 3 showing mild disapproval. Á, dì nà mahímù, Oh, you can’t do that. 4 recalling or conceding s.t. Á, duha diay tu, Oh, yes. There were two of them, weren’t there. 4a preceding s.t. just found out. Á, Lítu diay ímung ngálan, Oh, so your name is Lito. Á, kanindut, Oh, how nice! 5 expressing relief. Á, nahuwasan ku, Ah, what a relief!

à particle preceding or following a sentence with an adjective predicate. 1 dismissing s.t. as impractical, too easy, impossible, etc. À, mu ra diay nà? Kasayun à! Oh, is that all there is to it? How easy it is! À, ása man ku mutúu nímu, Hm, you think I could believe you? 2 showing disapproval. À, hináya nímung mulíhuk, Hm! You sure work slowly! 3 showing surprise. À, kanindut nímug sinínà, How come you have such a beautiful dress on!

ā̀ = álà.

aba₁ n breast of fowls.

aba₂ exclamation of pleasure and surprise. Aba! Nakadaug ku, My! I won!

ábà tuy (from sábà dihà untuy) shut up! Ábà tuy, maáyu ka lang sa tayáda, wà kay tadtad, Shut up! You’re great at talking, but let’s see you do s.t.

abaa particle indicating disapproval (literary). Abaa! Mahū́g ka gánì dihà! Stop that! You might fall!

*abab taga- n hillbilly. pakataga- v [A13; a12] act, treat like, consider a hillbilly. Gipakatagaabab lang ku ninyu. Ihása, You just think I’m a hillbilly. Don’t try to fool me. — disáya a be the boss and not henpecked.

ab-ab v [A; a] 1 chew to pieces. Ab-ábun sa irù ang íyang hikut, The dog will chew up his rope. 2 eat away, erode. Ang pagluib ni Maríya nag-ab-ab sa íyang balatían, Maria’s infidelity ate away at his insides. Giab-ab ang íyang pinútì sa tayà, His sword was eaten away by rust. 3 fester. Ang nag-ab-ab kung núka, My festering wound.†

abad n abbot.

ábag v [A; b] give material help, help do work. Kinsa may mag-ábag nímu sa ímung pag-iskuyla? Who will help pay for your schooling? Abági ku áring pagsilhig, Help me sweep. n help given. ka- n helper.

abaga n sweet potatoes growing from the outer vines and not from the main root.

abága n shoulder. v [A2SN; b5] 1 take financial responsibility. Abagáhun (pangabagáhun, pangabagáhan) ni Mánuy níya ang galastúhan sa pag-iskuyla, His brother will shoulder his school expenses. 2 take responsibility for accomplishing s.t. Kita giyuy muabága (mangabága) áning prugramáha, We must undertake to carry out this program. (→) = abága, v. paN- n right-hand-man. abagáhun a broad-shouldered.

*abáhu — kunsidirasiyun, dispusisiyun n bound by s.o.’s will. Abáhu (báhu) kunsidirasiyun ku sa ákung bána, I am bound by my husband’s decisions.

abaka n 1 abaca plant: Musa textilis. 2 abaca fiber. abakahan, abakanhan, abakal n abaca plantation. v [A3] own an abaca plantation.

abakáda n alphabet.

abakal see abaka.

abal n = balbal. v = abat.

abalu n assessed value. v [AB56; b5c] assess, be assessed at. Ug ikaw muabalu sa ákung yútà, ayawg dak-a, If you assess my land, don’t set it too high. Ang yútà miabalu (giabalu, giabaluhan) ug singkwinta mil, The land was assessed at fifty thousand pesos.

abalwasiyun n assessment. Purus dagkug abalwasiyun ang mga yútà dinhi sa syudad, The lots in the city all have high assessments.

abandunar v [A3P; c1] abandon, neglect. Nag-abandunar na lang siya sa íyang kaugalíngun sukad mamatay ang íyang asáwa, He neglected himself entirely after his wife died. Ayaw abandunaha (iabandunar) ang ímung pamilya, Do not abandon your family. abandunádu a 1 abandoned. 2 neglectful. v = abandunar.

abandúnu = abandunar.

ábang v 1 [A2S; b] rent. Ang usa ka kwartu giabángan sa tigúlang, The old man rents one of the rooms. 2 [b] hire a prostitute. 3 [A2; c] make an offering to a supernatural being for the use of land which is thought to be in his possession. Iábang ni nákung baktína álang sa uma, I will sacrifice this pig as rental for the land. n 1 rent paid. Pilay ábang nímu sa libru? How much rent did you pay for the book? 2 money paid a prostitute. 3 toil taken by supernatural beings. Kadtung nalumus dinhi ábang kunu tu sa ingkantu, The man who drowned here is said to have been the rent collected by the supernatural spirit. paN- v [A2] patronize a prostitute. -an(→)₁ 1, 2, 3 = ábang, n. 4 haunted place, place where departed spirits take a toll or rent. Abangan kunu kanang baláya. Náa giyuy mamatay káda túig, That house is haunted (lit. has a rental on it). Each year s.o. dies there.

abangan₂ n k.o. rattan used as anchor rope for a búbu fish trap.

abánid v [A; c1] do s.t. step by step, and in sequence. Iabánid (abaníra) kini pagpintal arun dílì magkampat, Paint it one square at a time so it will come out even. a done in succession, order. Abánid ang íyang pagsukut sa mga istudyanti, He asked the students one after another in turn.

abaníku n 1 folding fan. 1a fan of any sort for fanning oneself. 2 blackberry lily, k.o. bulbous ornamental: Balamcanda chinensis. It is so called because the leaves are arranged like an opened fan. 3 = baníku. 4 kurta di- see kurta₁. v 1 [a12] make into a fan. 2 [A; b6] fan s.o. paN- v [A2] fan oneself. inabaníku n s.t. made in such a way that it can be folded for storage, e.g., a folding chair, jackknife.

abansáda a exposed to the wind. v [B12; c1] for s.t. to be directly open to the wind. Naabansáda sa hángin ang ákung bukubuku, maung gisip-un ku, My back was directly exposed to the wind. That’s why I caught cold. Ayaw abansadáha (iabansáda) sa hángin ang inyung bintánà, Don’t put a window right where it catches the full breeze.

*abansi miting di — grand rally immediately prior to an election.

abansin v [A] advance, for a body of people to move forward. Ang mga Hapúnis miabansin sa pátag sa Lusun, The Japanese advanced over the plains of Luzon.

abanti a 1 forward, ahead. Abanti ka rang milingkud, You took a seat too far to the front. 2 ahead in score. v 1a [A2; c] move forward. Muabanti kag diyútay, matambug ka sa bangag, If you move forward any more, you will fall into the hole. Iabanti nang ímung awtug diyútay, Move your car forward a bit. 1b [A; a] be ahead, have more points in a game. Naabantíhan mu námug diyis puntus, We were ten points ahead of you. 2 [A2; a12] keep up with s.t. Dì ku makaabanti sa galastúhan sa iskuylahan, I cannot keep up with the school payments. 3 [A2; a12] endure work. Dì ku makaabanti sa pagdáru kay dautun ku, I can’t keep up with the plowing because I’m sickly. 4a [A] ask part payment in advance, especially in salary. 4b [c] give s.o. a cash advance on his salary or other payment. n 1 front wheel(s). Nahiyus ang abanti sa mutur, The front tire of the motorcycle is flat. 2 forward gear. 3 front seat in a car. atras — see atras.

abánu n factory-made cigar. v 1 [A; a12] make into a cigar. 2 [A123S] have, obtain a cigar. paN- v [A2] smoke a cigar.

abat n 1 any supernatural being or human with supernatural powers which shows itself in an unexpected and startling way. 2 one who is ‘it’ in games. v 1 [A2; a2] head off s.o. Maapsan pa nímu siya ug ímung abatun sa iskína, You can still catch up with him if you head him off at the corner. 2 [AN; a12] frighten s.o. by appearing suddenly or otherwise startling him. Ig-ági níya, abta siya, When he comes by, give him a scare. alabtan, abtanan a haunted, place where things appear suddenly. alabtun s.o. to whom spirits tend to show themselves. abat-ábat n game of tag. v [A13] 1 play tag. 2 try to meet without succeeding. Wà giyud mi magkítà, nag-abat-ábat lang, We just kept missing each other.

ábat₁ v [A2S; b6] hold on to s.t. fixed to support oneself. Ang tigúwang miábat sa pasamánu paingun sa táas, The old man held on to the bannister while going upstairs. -an(→) n a railing in shape of a ladder for baby to cling to when he starts to walk.

ábat₂ v 1 [A; a1] feel with the hands, esp. to find s.t. out. Nag-ábat siya sa yáwi sa íyang bulsa kung wà ba hibyai, He felt for the key in his pocket to see if he hadn’t left it behind. Abátun ku ang íyang agtang ug hilanatun ba, I’ll touch her forehead to see if she is feverish. 2 [A123S; a12b2] feel s.t. with the sense of touch. Nakaabat ku sa kabugnaw sa sinihan, I felt the coolness of the movie house. Abátun gánì nímu ang kasakit, musamut giyud, If you think about the pain, it will get worse. 3 [A123S; b2] happen to notice, sense s.t. Nakaabat kung mu rag may misaka sa ámung báy, I sensed that s.o. had entered our house.

abay v 1 [AC; b6] move along together with s.t. moving. Lagmit hiligsan ang bátà kay nag-abay sa tartanilya, The child is likely to be run over because he is running alongside of the rig. Silang duha nag-ábay paglanguy, The two swam side by side. 1a — ug sawa have a snake born at the same time one is born. The snake is called one’s twin (kalúha) and is supposed to bring him and his family luck. Pagkatáwu sa ákung iyaan, giabayan (giabyan) ug sawa. Mau nang nadátù ang íyang inahan, When my aunt was born, a twin snake was born with her, and so her mother became rich. 2 [A2; c] go in with s.o. who buys or invests in s.t. Ug mupalit kag usa ka sákung humay muabay kug lima ka gantang, If you buy a sack of rice, I will go in with you for five ganta’s worth. Giabyan níyag singku písus ang ákung pusta, He went in for five pesos on my bet. 3 [AN] go in together in a fishing operation which requires several hands. 4 [c1] attach a gaff in the abay way (see abay, n 4). n 1 money paid as a share in a purchase or investment. Ang ákung abay bálig dus písus ra, My share is two pesos’ worth. 2 bridesmaid or best man. 3 man’s male friend. 3a title used by males of the same age to each other. short form: bay. Ása man ning dyípa, bay? Where is this jeep headed for, driver? 4 manner of tying a gaff to a cock level with and parallel to the spur to offset any advantage it may have over its opponent. maN-l-(←), maN-r- n persons who go in together in a fishing operation. -an, abyanan n life saver. abyan n 1 friend, companion. Alang kaníya walà siyay láing abyan kun dílì álak, He has no other friend except liquor. 2 supernatural being that provides a shaman or sorcerer with his power. v [C1] 1 be friends. Kita lay mag-abyan, Let’s be friends. 2 indulge in a bad habit. Walà siya makig-abyan sa huguyhúguy, He did not indulge in roaming about.

abgaw = adgaw. -un n k.o. snapper with a yellow streak along the body: Lutianus sp.

abhak v [A; b5] diminish s.t. by taking away or destroying part of it. Naabhak (naabhákan) ang íyang abága sa bála, The bullet tore a huge piece out of his shoulder. n hole left when s.t. is chopped off, out. Dakù kaáyu ang abhak sa káhuy, There’s a big cut in the tree. a done in such a way that s.t. is chopped off. Abhak nga pagkabuldúsir ang inyung nataran, Your yard was bulldozed clean.

abhul = abhung.

abhung a musty and flat in smell: damp clothing, rice, sweet potatoes, salted fish, et al. v [B; b6] be, become musty. -un(→) a of a musty kind.

abi = abir 1, 2.

ábi 1 — [gen.] [gen.] thought, took for granted. Ábi nákug tinúud, I thought it was true. — nímu You know what? Ábi nímu? Nakit-an ku siya nga láig kúyug, You know what? I saw him going out with s.o. else. 2 — kay just because. Ábi kay nakadaug sa byúti kuntis midakù na ang úlu, Just because she won the beauty contest she thinks she is s.t. 3 — na lang s.o. might think that. Súkul. Ábi na lang, daug. Fight back. They might think you give up.

abiábi v [A; a12] show hospitality to. Mu giyud ning táwung iládu, abiabíhun giyud sa mga tagilungsud, The townspeople show hospitality to any famous visitor. maabiabíhun, manggiabiabíhun a hospitable.

abíba, abibar v [A; b5] cheer one on, encourage to do. Nag-abíba sa mga bátag binúang, Egging the children on in their naughtiness. n encouragement, egging on. maabibáhun a giving encouragement, egging on.

abíhid = alabíhid.

abilay = sambilay.

abilidad n ability, capacity or skill to accomplish s.t. v [A12] obtain a certain ability. abilidaran a skilled, able. Abilidaran nà si Tunyu. Bansayng mutínis, Tony has talent. He plays tennis well.

abilyána a tan-colored shoes. n tan polish. v [A13] polish shoes with a light tan polish, color them tan. Abilyanáha (abilyanáhi) ning sapátus kung putì, Dye these shoes of mine tan. Wà kuy bitung itum. Abilyanáhi lang, I don’t have any black polish. Just put tan polish on them.

ábin v [A2C; b] 1 engage in an enterprise or game together. Mag-ábin ta sa pamaligyag pagkáun, Let’s become partners in selling food. 2 ally on oneself with. Mga hakug sa gahum ang miábin kaníya, People who were greedy for power allied themselves with him. Nakig-ábin aku kaníya sa íyang mga panglantaw sa unáhan, I share his views of the future. n partner in business or game. Ug siyay ákung ábin sa bíku kanúnay ming mudaug, When she is my partner in hopscotch, we always win. ka- n = ábin.

abintúra n 1 adventures. 2 adventure film, story. Makítà siya sa mga lílas abintúra, He appears in adventure films. v [A; b5] 1 try going s.w. for the adventure of it. Nag-abintúra mig katkat sa Manunggal, We went on an expedition to Mt. Manunggal. 2 = abinturar.

abinturar v [AN; b5] try one’s luck. Miabinturar (nangabinturar) lang siyag aplay básig madáwat, He tried his luck in applying in hopes he might be accepted. Abinturahi (abinturaha) lang si Maríyag hangyù, Try your luck with Maria and ask her. abinturíru, -a = abinturista. abinturista a adventurous, tending to try things out without knowing the outcome. Dì ku mugugul ug kwarta niánà kay dì ku abinturista. Básig dì musalir, I won’t invest my money on that because I’m not daring. It might just fail.

abir 1 particle used in calling attention to a point in contention. Ang diyus makagagáhum. Abir, unsáun man nímu pagpangutána diin siya manukad, God is almighty. All right then, how can you ask where He comes from? 1a particle used in inciting a person to do s.t. Abir, sulayi ug musalir ba nang paagíha, O.K. Just see if that procedure works out. Abir, sumbága kunu ku kay isumbung tikaw ni Pápa, All right, just try hitting me, and I’ll tell Daddy on you. 2 pause word expressing hesitation when one doesn’t know how to do s.t. Abir, lisúa nag hínay dúngan sa pagtulbuk ári, Let’s see now, turn that slowly and press this at the same time. 3 = ambi. 4 v [AN; ac] try one’s luck, take a stab at. Nangabir (miabir) lang siyag panlútù. Dì hinúun siya kamau, He just took a try at cooking. He doesn’t really know how. Abirun unyà nákug hangyù si Maríya, I’ll just take a stab at asking Maria. Iabir kunu ni sa ahinsiya ug dawátun ba, Try taking this to the pawnshop and see if they will accept it.

abirids n 1 average, the usual size or quantity. 2 average rating in school. Pasar ku kay utsinta ákung abirids, I passed because my average was eighty. v [A] 1 average so and so much. Makaabirids mig lima adlaw-adlaw, We can sell on the average five every day. 2 have an average grade of.

abiríya a be broken, inoperative. v [B] 1 for an engine to break down. Kining trak dílì magámit. Nag-abiríya man, This truck cannot be used. It is broken. 2 be under the weather. Naabiríya aku kay nagkalíbang aku gahápun, I’m not feeling well because I had diarrhea yesterday.

abirtu = abyirtu.

abis v [A; ab7] slice with a curved blade, cut a small or thin part from a bigger piece. Abisig diyútay nà, Slice a piece off of it. paN- v [A2] slice the terminal portion of a coconut bud to induce sap flow. Kaduha sila mangabis káda adlaw, They make an incision in the bud twice a day.

abísu n announcement of s.t. to come. v 1 [A; c] announce s.t. to come. Nag-abísu ang radyu nga adúnay bagyung umaábut, The radio announced that there is a typhoon coming. 2 [A12] receive an announcement. Nakaabísu ming way túbig ugmà, We received the announcement that there would be no water tomorrow.

abitsuylas = habitsuylas.

abitu n habit, a distinctive apparel worn by devotees, priests, monks, and the like. v [A] wear a habit.

abíyu n food, provisions, money, supplies for daily consumption. v [A; c] provide food, etc. Báhin sa mga kinahanglanun matag adlaw akuy muabíyu, As far as your daily needs go, I will provide. Abyúhan ta lang mug usa ka sákung humay matag búlan, We’ll supply you with one sack of rice a month.

abiyun n airplane. ka-an(←) n group of airplanes.

abkay v [A; a] dig up, out. Abkáyun ku ang kwarta nga ákung gilubung dinhi, I will dig up the money that I buried here.

abla v [A; c] speak to s.o. with some purpose in mind. Abláhi kunu si Máma, básin pag musugut, Try to talk mother into it. She might let us. n 1 persuasive talk. Dílì ka sugtun niánang bayhána kun walà kay abla, That woman will not accept you if you don’t sweet-talk her. 2 big talk. Abla lay nagdaghan. Walay líhuk, It was all just big talk. No action. paN- n art or technique of expressing one’s viewpoint. Malampúsun siyang abugádu kay maáyu siya sa pangabla, He is a successful lawyer because he has a good technique in talking.

abládu n 1 delivered in spoken fashion. Ang kúru abládu, dílì kantáhun, The chorus is spoken, not sung. 2 lines of a play. v [A] speak lines.

ablása = abrása.

abli v [AB; b5] 1 open s.t., be open. Ikaw bay nag-abli sa pultahan? Were you the one who opened the door? Sulud lang kay nag-abli ang pultahan, Just come right in. The door is open. 2 begin, start a class, business, etc. Muabli ang klási sa Hunyu, Classes begin in June. Ablíhag (ablíhug) sayu ang klási sunud túig, Classes will open early next year. 3 found, establish an enterprise. Anus-a man ablíhi (ablíha) ang inyung iskuylahan sa panahì? When will you open your sewing school? n 1 opening. Dakug abli nang tarúha, That can has a big opening. 2 opening of classes. a 1 open. Abli ang bintánà. Sirhi ra gud, The window is open. Please close it. 2 be started. Abli na ang tindáhan. Palit ngadtug kapi, The store is open now. Go buy some coffee.

Abr. abbreviation for Abril, ‘April’.

abrap a 1 sudden. Abrap ra kaáyu nang ímung pag-anhi, Your coming is very sudden. 2 brusque. v [B12; c1] 1 be sudden, do s.t. by plunging right into it. 2 be brusque. Naabrap ra tu nímu pagkatubag, You answered in a brusque way.

abrása v [AC; bc3] walk side by side with. Hulat kay muabrása kug lakaw ninyu, Wait for me. I’m going to walk next to you. Dílì ta mag-abrásag lakaw sa karsádang hagip-ut, We shouldn’t walk side by side on a narrow street.

abrasadur n = tangdayan. v = tangday, 2.

abrasíti v [C2; c2] promenade arm in arm or side by side. Nakit-an kung ímung bánang may giabrasíting (giabrasitíhang) babáyi, I saw your husband walking arm in arm with a woman (with a woman holding on to his arms).

abrasyíti = abrasíti.

abri₁ = abli. -dur n opener.†

abri₂ = abyirtu₂.

abrigána n s.t. that stimulates the appetite. Maáyung abrigána ang bír, Beer is good to stimulate the appetite.

abrigáwu n 1 apprentice on a ship. 2 one who works on a boat for his passage. v [A1; a12] 1 be an apprentice, apprentice s.o. to. 2 work in lieu of paying passage.

abrígu n shawl. v [A1; a] wear, make, receive a shawl.

Abril n April. v [a] 1 do s.t. in April. Magbakasyun mu sa Hunyu? Ah, Abrila lang, Will you take your vacation in June? Oh, just make it in April. 2 write down April in a document. Máyu ímung nabutang? Abrila lang hinúun, Did you write May? It should be April.

abriláta n can opener.

absin v [A2; b6] 1 absent, fail to attend work or class. Absínig kas-a nang klasíha nímu, Just miss your class this one time. 2 mark one absent. Absínan tikaw, I’ll mark you absent. n absence, time away from class. Daghag absin nímu Dyú, lagmit ka mahagbung, How many absences you have, Joe! You’re likely to flunk. hiN-, pala-, absiníru, absinus a given to missing classes. Anus-a gud nà siya makapasar nga absinus man nà sa klási, How can he pass if he always misses classes? — mayindid a absent-minded.

absinus see absin.

absulusiyun n absolution. v [b6] give absolution. Gilubung siya nga walà gánì kaabsulusyuni, He was buried without having received absolution.

absuwiltu n acquitted in court. v [A3P; a12] acquit.

abtik a 1 nimble, quick in reaction. Ang musáyaw sa tinikling kinahanglang abtik ug tiil, Whoever dances the tinikling has to have nimble feet. 2 fast, live in action. Mahuman ni dáyug abtik lang mutrabáhu, It will get done right away if you work rapidly. 3 cunning, sly. Abtik giyud siya kay midáwat imbis mubáyad, He sure is sharp. Instead of paying as he should have, he got paid. v [B] 1 get to be nimble. 2 get to be fast in action. Muabtik (maabtik) lagi ang íyang panglíhuk basta pakit-ug sápì, He’ll get moving fast as long as you show him money. 3 [B12] get to be cunning, sly. 4 [b4(1)] outsmart. Naabtikan sad ku sa bátà, The child put one over on me. paN- v [A2; b6] engage in chicanery. Ayaw kug pangabtíki kay suhítu ku, Don’t try to put a fast one over on me, because I know my way around.

abtung n rope used for tying the plow to the crosstree.

abu n 1 ashes. 2 = alabúhan. v 1 [A; a12] make ashes. Abuha nang mga palwa ug gam-ang sabun, Make the palm stems into ashes to make soap out of. 2 [B1256] be razed or burned to the ground. Pag-abut nákù naabu na ang balay, When I arrived, the house was already burned to the ground. ka-(←) v [A13] get ashes all over one. Nagkaábu ku kay misum-uk ku sa nasunúgan, I got ashes all over me because I went into the burned-out area. alabúhan n stove or any place a fire for cooking is built. abuhun n ash-colored. Manuk nga abuhun, Gray-colored cock.

abuábu n k.o. fish.

*abubhu paN- v [A2; b6] be jealous of a loved one. n jealousy. abubhuan a jealous. Abubhuang bána, A jealous husband. mapangabubhúun a of a jealous type. Mapangabubhúun nga pasiklap, A jealous glance.

abud, ábud₁ v [A; c] 1 throw grains, throw grains to. Ang bukbukung mais mauy iábud sa manuk, Throw the beetle-infested corn to the chickens. 2 drop grains into a hole in planting. Mag-abud sila sa ílang baul, They will plant their field. 3 feed grain into a mill. Ímu síging abdan (abúran) ang galingan, Keep feeding grains into the mill. 4 supply a factory with raw materials. Kanang kumpaniyáha mauy tig-abud sa mga papil sa imprinta, That company supplies paper to the printing press. 5 feed news, gossip. Aha! Ikaw diay nag-abud sa mga nutisya, So you were the one who spread the news! n 1 feed for fowls. 2 one’s turn to throw grains. Ákù na rung abud, It’s my turn to feed (the chickens). alabdan = abud, n 2.

ábud₂ n ornamental bulbous plant: Eurycles amboinensis. The leaves are applied over the bladder to facilitate urination.

ábud₃ n k.o. head louse lighter in color and with a longer and more slender body than the ordinary head louse (kútu).

abug₁ n dust. v 1 [B46; a4b4(1)] become dusty. Muabug ang karsáda ug dúgayng uwanun, The road gets dusty if the rains come late. Giabug ang ámung balay kay dúgay na nga wà puy-i, Our house became all dusty because it hadn’t been lived in for a long time. Tabúni ang libru arun dílì maabugan, Cover the books so they won’t get dusty. 2 [B1256] turn into dust. Sa kadugáyan kitang tanan maabug, In the end we will all turn to dust. ka-(←) v [A13] get dust all over it. Nagkaábug ang ákung buhuk tungud sa byáhi, My hair is all covered with dust because I’ve just gotten off the bus. -un a dusty. -l-an(←) exposed to dust. Kining kwartúha alabúgan. Duul man gud sa karsáda, This room is exposed to dust. It’s close to the street.

*abug₂ paN- euphemism for pangabughu. see *abubhu.

ábug₁ v [A; a] 1 chase, drive, drive away. Abúga ang bábuy ngadtu sa tangkal, Drive the pig into the pen. Abúgi sa lángaw ang lamísa, Drive the flies away from the table. 2 drive s.o. to do s.t. Ang kaúlaw mauy nag-ábug kanákù pagpaháwà sa ámung lungsud, Shame drove me to move out of town. (→) n stick with strips of paper, plastic, etc., attached on one end, used to chase flies away. -an(→) n an enclosure of the fish corral into which the fish are driven before being caught.

ábug₂ = abyug.

abugáda n female lawyer.

abugádu n lawyer. v 1 [B16; a2] be, become a lawyer. 2 [A; b] speak for s.o. Abugadúhan ta lang ka kay wà kay pangabla, I’ll speak for you because you don’t have the knack of saying what you want. abugaduhun a lawyer-like. Abugaduhung pangatarúngan, Lawyer-like reasoning.

abugágu n dumb lawyer (play on the words abugádu ‘lawyer’ and gágu ‘stupid’).

abugar = abugádu, v 2.

abugasíya n 1 law course. 2 law profession. Sa abugasíya kinahanglan mamakak ug panalagsa, In the law profession it is necessary to lie once in a while.

abughu, abughù = *abubhu.

abukádu n avocado or alligator pear: Persea sp. It is usually eaten with sugar and milk.

abúkay n k.o. white cockatoo, often kept as pet: Cacatua haematuropygia. (→), abúkay v [A] for babies to make noises like a cockatoo.

abunansiya = abunda.

abunda a 1 abundant. Abunda ang bugas karun, There’s plenty of rice now. 2 have plenty. Ug abunda ka sa sápì, mamalit kag yútà, If you have lots of money, you should buy land. v [B] be, become abundant. Unyà ra ta mamalit ug mangga ug muabunda (maabunda) na, We will buy mangoes later when they become abundant. n abundance.

abundansiya = abunda.

ábung₁ v [A; c] bar, block the way. Abúngan ta ning karsádag dakung batu, Let’s block the road with a big stone. n k.o. fishing equipment consisting of dried coconut leaves tied to a raft. (→) n s.t. which blocks the way. Ang káhuy nga abung sa pultahan, The wood that was blocking the door. a in the path of the wind, smoke, smells, and the like. Abung sa hángin, Exposed to the wind. Abung ka kaáyu sa íyang dautang tingúhà, You are very much exposed to his evil powers. pa-(→), pa- v 1 [A13; ac] put in an exposed position. Ug magpaabung ka sa sílit sa túbig, mahumud ka, If you put yourself in the path of a jet of water, you’ll get wet. Paabungig asu ang mangga, (Make the fire so that) the mango tree will be in the path of the smoke. n k.o. fishing whereby a net is set across the path of a fish. 2 [a] give allowance in measuring s.t. Paabungan ug diyútay ang sukud ígù pagsipilya, Measure it with a little allowance for planing. Mutíru gánì kag langgam nga naglupad paabungig diyútay, If you shoot at a flying bird, aim a little ahead. paN- v [A2] do s.t. in anticipation of a favor or reward. Buútan nà siya run kay nangábung man nga hitagaan ug diyis, He’s obedient this time because he’s anticipating getting a dime. n preparation of oil and plants medicinal roots and herbs used as a protection against some evil.†

abungaw₁ n k.o. tiny, light brown insect which swarms over food and the like, similar in appearance to a fly. v [a4] be infested with abungaw.

abungaw₂ = bungaw.

abúnu n 1 fertilizer. 2 transfusion or infusion. Nagkinahanglan siyag abúnu kay gisulgan sa dugù, He needs a transfusion because he lost a lot of blood. v [A; c] 1 put fertilizer on. Abunúhi ang rúsas, Put fertilizer on the roses. 2 give a transfusion or infusion. 3 supplement, fill in. Ikaw bay mag-abúnu sa kúlang? Will you make up the lack? Ang gísu mauy iabúnu sa batsi, They use limestone to fill the rough spots in the road.

aburídu a — ang úlu, pangísip, etc. be upset, irritable. v [B] be upset. Kadtung ímung tahù nakaaburídu (nakapaaburídu) sa ákung úlu, Your news got me all upset.

abusáda = abusádu (female).

abusádu a tending to take advantage, infringe on rights. Abusádu ang mga kutsíru dinhi. Basta muulan, pabayrun ta nílag dubli, The rig drivers are abusive. If it rains, they double the fare. Nagníwang lang nà siya kay abusádu man gud sa íyang láwas, He is thin because he neglects his body. v [B126] become abusive.

abusar v 1 [A3; b(1)] a do s.t. one is not entitled to, take advantage of s.o. by infringing on his rights. Nag-abusar siya paggáwì sa makinilya nga way pananghid, He took the liberty of using the typewriter without permission. Giabusahan sila sa magbabaligyà kay way kumpitinsiya, The storekeeper took advantage of them because there was no competition. b mistreat one’s health. Nag-abusar ka lang sa ímung láwas sa ímung pag-inum, You’re abusing your health with all your drinking. 2 [A] do s.t. to a superfluous degree. Wà na nà magkaun; nag-abusar na nà, That is not eating; that is excessive indulgence.

abúsu n taking advantage, acting beyond one’s rights. Ang pagdáwat sa suburnu usa sa mga abúsu, Taking bribes is one of their abuses. v = abusar.

abut v 1 [A; a12] arrive, reach a place. Dì pa makaabut (maabut) ang suwat, The letter won’t have arrived yet. Duul ra. Maabut ug lud-an, It’s close by, within spitting distance (can be reached by spitting). 1a [A; ac] lead to and reach a place. Muabut ba ning karsadáha sa subà? Does this road reach the river? Kining lugára dílì abutun sa táub, The tide doesn’t get as far as this place. 1b [A; ac] reach s.t. with the arms. Maabut ba nímu ang sanga? Can you reach the branch? Iabut kunu nang ímung kamut sa bungbung, Reach your hands out to the wall. 1c [B; b4] reach an amount, last a certain length. Ang ákung swildu dílì muabut ug dus mil, My salary doesn’t reach two thousand. Walà abtig duha ka adlaw ang bugas, The rice did not last two days. 1d — sa hunàhúnà come to the mind. 1e [b4] receive money. Abtan (abutan) ku tingálig kwarta rung hápun, I’ll probably get my money this afternoon. 2 [a4] have a feeling come over one. Giabut siyag kakulbà, A feeling of terror came over her. 3a [A23; b4] catch s.o. doing s.t. Si Turyuy nakaabut nílang nagháluk, It was Torio who came upon them kissing. 3b [b4] be overtaken. Abtan kag gabíi sa dálan, You will be overtaken by night on the road. 4 [A2; b4] come to an orgasm. Dílì giyud muabut ang lamì, She won’t have an orgasm. (The delicious feeling will not arrive.) Abtan ra gihápun síya basta maningkámut ang duruha, She will have an orgasm if both try their best. 5 [A23] for an event or season of the year to come around. Dì na madúgay muabut na ang Pasku, It won’t be long before Christmas comes. 6 [A12; b] be on time for s.t. Nakaabut ka ba sa panahun sa Katsílà? Do you go back as far as the Spanish times? Maabtan pa nímu ang barku, You can still catch the boat. 7a [A12; a1] afford to pay for s.t. Dì ku makaabut ug palit niánà, I can’t afford to buy that. Wà siyay ikaabut sa báyad, He has no funds to meet the payments with. 7b [a3] can be done, reached. Tabángan tikaw kútub sa ákung maabut, I’ll help you as much as I can. 8 [A; b6] stay temporarily some place. Háin man ka mag-abut run? Where are you staying now? n 1 s.t. or s.o. that has arrived s.w. Dílì ni karáan uy. Bag-u ning abut, This is not old stock. It just arrived. Bag-u kung abut dinhi. Wà pa ku kadumdum, I am a newcomer here. I don’t know how to get there. 2 yield, proceeds from an effort, income, harvest. Pilay abut sa yútà káda túig? How much does the land yield each year? Gamay rag abut ang munisipyu, The town has a small income. (←) v [C; ac] 1 meet together. Abútun nákù ang duha ka tumuy, I will make the two ends meet. Mau kadtung lugára ang ámung gikaabútan (gipanag-abútan), That is the place where we met. 2 overlap in time. Nag-ábut na man gánì ang sinanggì karun ug sa miáging túig, This year’s corn crop overlaps with last year’s. (I.e., this year’s crop was harvested before last year’s crop had been used up.) 3 [A13] — ang ginháwa be panting for breath (gasps of breath overlap). Giúyug siya sa ubu. Nag-ábut ang íyang pagginháwa, He was shaken by his coughing fit. He was panting for breath. pa-(←) v [A; a] wait in expectation for. Dì na ku mupaábut sa kumbira, I won’t wait for the party. Paabútun tikaw hangtud sa alas kwatru, I’ll wait for you until four o’clock. abut-abut v [A3; b6] arrive in close succession. Nag-abut-abut ang mga bisíta, Visitors came one after another. abut-ábut v [A3; b6] go every now and then. Nag-abut-ábut nà siya sa Hungkung, She goes to Hong Kong often. siN- v [A13] 1 for a time, event to approach. Nagsingabut ang pista, The fiesta is approaching. 1a for one’s time of the month to approach. Nagsingabut na, maung saputun, She’s in a bad mood because her time of the month is approaching. 2 be in expectations of, look forward to. Nagsingabut ku nga mahuman ang trabáhug sayu, I’m expecting to finish the work early. -l-un(←) n 1 subject to periodic attacks of an illness. 2 s.o. who has the fortune of getting a large yield from an effort. alabtan, abtanan n place one usually stays temporarily. -l-an-(←) n 1 = abtanan. 2 place one meets s.o. else. um-r-(←), um-l-(←), tali-, tali-(←), sali-, sali-(←) n about to arrive. May umaábut (umalábut, taliabut, taliábut, saliabut, saliábut) nga mga bisíta, There are some visitors about to arrive.†

abwag v [AP; c1] break up, scatter. Miabwag ang mitambung sa ráli pag-ulan, The people at the rally scattered when it started to rain. Abwagun (iabwag) nátù ang mga papil, Let us scatter the pieces of paper.

abyadur n aviator. v [B156; a12] be, make into an aviator.†

abyan see abay.

abyasiyun, abyasyun n aviation.

abyirtu₁ a open. Abyirtu ang ganghaan, The door is open. v [A2PB; c1] open s.t.; be opened.

abyirtu₂ n seventh chord. v [A2; c1] play a seventh chord. Iabyirtu (abyirtúha) ang tapuy ig-abut sa dapit nga muingun ‘Matam-is uyámut’, When you get to the part that goes ‘How very sweet ...’ play a seventh chord.

abyug v [A; c1] rock s.t. hanging back and forth. Abyúga (iabyug) lang ang bátà sa dúyan kun muhílak na, Just rock the baby in the hammock if he starts to cry. n action of rocking s.t.

A.D. Anno Domini.

ád₁ v [A; ac] add up. Ádun (adun) nátù ni, Let’s add this up. Iád ang kwatru ári, Add the four to this column.

ád₂ = álad.

ada 1 particle showing that s.t. is not important. Ada, irù ra gud tu. Kahadluk na man nímu! Heck, that was just a dog. What a scaredy cat you are! 2 particle expressing annoyance. Ada! Sábà na, Oh, be quiet! — uruy = ada, 1. — uy particle expressing exasperation at being unable to cope with s.t. (used only by women). Da uy, lisud kaáyu, Oh dear! That is so hard!

áda n mythological beings represented as beautiful maidens living in forests, streams, etc. v [B126] become an áda.

adá = ada.

ad-ad v [A; a] slice into thin, but not long pieces. Ang baláni ad-árun únà iláwug sa bábuy, The banana trunk is chopped up finely before it is fed to the pigs. ad-aran n slicing board.

Adan name: Adam.

adbans n advance payment on a salary, debt, etc. v 1 [AP; cP] give an advance. Adbansan ka nákug singku, I’ll advance you five pesos. 2 [A; a] ask for an advance. Muadbans akug singku pára sa kumpra, I would like to have five pesos in advance for shopping. 3 [A; c] for soldiers to advance. Miadbans ang mga Hapun, The Japanese advanced. Ílang giadbans ang mga kanyun, They put the artillery on the front line. — gard n 1 a contingent sent ahead to the front. 2 s.t. sent s.w. to prepare the way (humorous metaphor). Nag-una ang mga adbans gard kay silay magpriparar, The advance guard has gone ahead because they will get things ready.

adbaysir n adviser. v [A13; b6] act as class adviser in school. Giadbaysíran ku ang primíru anyu, I am adviser to the freshmen. klas — class adviser in school. idituryal — editorial advisor.

adbintista n a Seventh Day Adventist. v [B1256] be, become a Seventh Day Adventist.

adbirbiyu n adverb.

Adbiyintu n Advent.

adgaw n k.o. small tree: Premna odorata. The leaves are fragrant and used medicinally.

adía short form: día 1 is here (nearer me than you). Adía sa táas ang lamísa, ikanáug, The table is up here. Bring it downstairs. 2 in narration: now, at this juncture. Nalípay siya kay, día, nadátù na man pud siya, He was happy because, here he was, he managed to become rich in turn.

ádik n drug addict. v [B1256] become a drug addict.

adilantádu a 1 developed, advanced. Adilantádu ang Pilipínas sa Aprika sa panguma, The Philippines is ahead of Africa in agriculture. 2 for a watch to be advanced.

adilantar = adilantu.

adilantu v [B2] become better. Dílì ta muadilantu niánang pangitáa, Our financial situation won’t improve if that is the only way we can make our living. kaadilantúhan n improvement. Pára sa kaadilantúhan sa átung panimúyù, For the improvement of our standard of living.

adilpa n oleander, k.o. highly poisonous, tall ornamental shrub with showy pink or white flowers: Nerium indicum.

adimas furthermore, besides. Adimas utúkan man sab siya, Besides, he’s intelligent, too.

adingmasin n adding machine. v [a12] add up on a machine. Adingmasina lang ni arun way sayup, Add this up on the machine, so there won’t be any mistakes.

adinúwid n adenoids. v [a4] have adenoid trouble.

adisir, adísir before [so-and-so] happens. Adisir ka muadtu, pagtilipunu úsà, Before you go there, phone him first.

adiyus, adiyús 1 farewell (literary). 2 — na lámang never mind, forget about s.t. expended for nothing. Ug mupahulam ka níyag kwarta, adiyus na lang, If you lend him money, you might as well kiss it goodbye. 3 exclamation at the unpleasant consequences of s.t. one has observed taking place. Adiyús nabásag na hinúun, Oh Jesus! It broke! Adiyús nalimtan nákù ag pitáka, Jesus! I forgot my purse!

adlaw n 1 sun. 2 day. May adlaw nga magbásul ka, The day will come that you will be sorry. 2a day, as opposed to night. pila ka — it won’t be long. Pila ka adlaw makapánaw ta sa búwan, Soon we’ll be able to take trips to the moon. 2b one’s day for winning. Ímu tanang adlaw, You get all the breaks. 3 birthday. 4 amount earned in a day. Singku ra may íyang adlaw niánà, He only gets five pesos a day from it. — sa minatay All Soul’s Day. Mahal nga — Holy Week. v 1 [A3; b6] receive a certain amount daily. Muadlaw kug tagduha ka líbu ka písus, I net two thousand pesos a day. Adláwi lang siyag tag-diyis, Pay him ten pesos per day. 2 [A; b6] celebrate a birthday. Adtu nyà sa ámù kay mag-adlaw ku, Come to my house for my birthday party. adlaw-adlaw every day. -an a for it to be daylight. Ayaw úsà pagpaúli. Adláwan pa bítaw, Don’t go home yet! It’s still daylight anyway. -an(→) n food used to celebrate a birthday with. Iháwa na ang adlawan, Slaughter the birthday pig. -in- a 1 daily, by the day. 2 lukewarm (lit. put in the sun). Túbig inadlaw, Warm water. v 1 [A; a2] do on a daily basis. Inadlawun (inadláwun) ka nákug dúaw, I will visit you daily. 2 [A; c1] make water warm. -in-an n birthday present. ka-an n birthday, day of patron saint. ka-un n dawn. Mugíkan ku ugmà sa kaadláwun, I’ll leave tomorrow at dawn. pang- n 1 s.t. used during daytime. Sanínang pang-adlaw, Dress for daytime wear. 2 day shift work. tala-an n diary. ti- 1 = ting-. 2 a sunny. Sa buntag tiadlaw, apan sa hápun nag-ulan, In the morning it was sunny, but in the afternoon it rained. ting- n dry season.†

adlib₂, adlip₁ ad lib in music. v [A; b6(1)] perform music ad lib.

adlip₂ v [A; ab27] slice into long pieces. Adlípa ang mangga sa makatulu, Slice the mango into three pieces. Hiadlipan ákung tudlù, My finger got cut as I was slicing s.t. n slice.

adlù n k.o. fish.

administradur n 1 administrator of an estate. 2 head of a government agency. v [A; a2] be an administrator.

administrasiyun n the administration incumbent at a certain period. Sa administrasiyun ni Garsíya, During Garcia’s administration.

administratíbu n administrative.

admirar v [A; b] admire. Ug buhátun nà nímu, admirahan ka giyud, If you do that, people will admire you for it.†

admisiyun n 1 general admission section in a theater or stadium. 2 cost of admission in a theater or stadium. 3 admission slip to an exam.

admitar v 1 [A; b(1)] admit, concede a point. Admitahi lang nà, Just admit it. 2 [A; a12] admit to a hospital.

admitídu n one who has conceded a point, admitted s.t. Admitídu siya nga siya nakadawat sa sulat, He admits that he has received the letter.

admitir = admitar.

adngan n k.o. small fish.

adpan v [B1; a4] be slightly scorched to the point of being discolored. Naadpan (giadpan) ang ákung pánit, My skin became tanned. -an a tending to get easily tanned.

adris n address. way — n tough guy, police character (lit. one who does not have an established residence). Ikaw nga maistru makigbúnù ánang way adris, You, a teacher, want to fight with that police character? v [A; c] write an address. Unsay ákung iadris sa suwat? What address shall I put on the letter?

adtu₁ 1 there (far away, future). Adtu ku higdà sa íla, I will sleep there at their house. 2 will go s.w. far. Adtu ku sa Karbun, I’m going to the market. 3 there he (she, etc.) goes doing it (although he shouldn’t be). Adtu nanghambug na sad, There he goes again, showing off. v 1 [A2; b3c] go, bring to a place. Nakaadtu na ku didtu kas-a, I went there once. Unsa mang lugára ang giadtúan ninyu? What place did you go to? Iadtu kini ngadtu sa íla, Go bring this to their house. 2 [A13; a2] go get s.t. Ikaw bay nag-adtu kang Pidru arun paanhíun siya? Were you the one who went to Pedro’s to tell him to come? Ug dì ka manáug ánang kahúya adtúun tika, If you do not come down from that tree, I’ll come up after you. hi-/ha- v [B1256; b6] happen to go. Diyútay ra kaáyu ang mahiadtu sa mga táwu, A very small amount seeps down to the people. adtuan v [A13] always go s.w. Mag-adtuan ku sa íla káda buntag, I always go see them every morning. adtuúnun, aladtúun n things one has to get. a hard to get to. Dì ku muadtu sa inyu kay aladtúun kaáyu, I won’t go to your place because it is hard to get to. umaadtúay, umaadtu n about to go. kaadtuun a feel very much like going s.w.

adtu₂ 1 short for niadtu. 2 short for kaniadtu. 3 = kadtu (dialectal).

adtut = adtu (colloquial).

adubádu = adubáwu.

adubáwu₁ n meat cooked in salt, vinegar with spices then fried, with fat or liquid leftover. v [A; a] cook adubáwu. Átù lang adubawúhun ning bábuy, We’ll just make adubáwu out of this pork.

adubáwu₂ = kútil, n, v1.

adúbi n adobe, bricks made of clay. v [A; a12] build s.t. with adobe.

adúbu n meat fried in salt and vinegar. v [A; a] cook adúbu.

adul a mentally deficient. Dì giyud kasabut ang adul bísag unsáug isplikar, No matter how you explain it to the imbecile, he will never understand.

*adult n — idyukisyun adult education.†

adultiryu n adultery.

ad-un = adúna (dialectal).

adúna short form: dúna there is, are, will be. Dúnay libru sa lamísa, There is a book on the table. -y [subject] [subject] has. Dúnay libru si Huwan, John has a book. paka- v [A; a] 1 strive to have s.t. Bisag wà kuy kwarta, pakaadunáhun giyud aku nímu, Even though I have no money, you want to force me to get some. 2 = pakaadunáhan. adunáhan a wealthy. Usa siya sa mga adunáhan sa ámung lungsud, He is one of the wealthy people in our town. pakaadunáhan v [A13; a12] pretend to be wealthy, consider to be wealthy. Nagpakaadunáhan siya bisag way nahut, He pretends to be rich even though he hasn’t got a penny. Gipakaadunáhan ba aku nímu? Do you think I’m rich?

aduptǎr v [A; a12] adopt a child.†

adurnu n decoration. v [A; c] decorate. Nindut kaáyu ang kapilya nga giadurnúhan ug búlak, The chapel was beautifully decorated with flowers. paN- v [A2] make oneself up, put on s.t. special. Nangadurnu ang mga dalága, The girls are getting themselves all fixed up.

adwána n customs.†

*adyà -an a selective, choosy. Adyaan man gud nang bayhána; mau nga wà maminyù, That woman is choosy; that is why she did not get married. v [B12] become choosy.

adyaks n 1 a brand name for a dish cleanser. 2 prostitute (slang).

adyas v [A; c] put at a specific setting, adjust. Ákung adyasun (iadyas) ang pabílu sa sugà, I’ll adjust the lamp wick.

adyinda n agenda. v [A; c] put on the agenda. Iadyinda nà sa sunud míting, Put that in the agenda for the next meeting.

adyinumútu n brand of monosodium glutamate. v [A; bc] cook with Ajinomoto.

ag short form: g subject marker for specific or past time subject (dialectal). Ag táwung gibukbuk sa buguy namatay ganíha, The man that was mauled by the ruffian died a while ago. — sa past time substitute for sa. Pwirting uwánga ag sa irù, My, how that dog barked.

agaab v [A2; b3] cry out loudly. Miagaab ang bátà kay giilúgan sa íyang duláan, The child cried loudly when his toys were snatched away.

agáak = akáak.

*agad — ug, y it would be a good thing if such-and-such were the case. Agad pag magtuun ka imbis magdúlà, It would be better for you to study instead of playing. Agad pa untay nagduktur ka sa kaping mag-abugádu, It would have been nice if you had become a doctor instead of a lawyer. — nga it was good enough as it was before a change took place. Agad siyang natúlug, ngánu pa mang ímung gipúkaw? He was doing all right sleeping. What did you have to go and wake him up for?

ágad = alágad. paN- v [A2; b6] for a prospective bridegroom to stay in the girl’s place just prior to the marriage ceremony in order to serve the family. Pangagáran úsà nímu ang ginikánan arun kauyúnan ka níla, You serve the girl’s parents so that they will come to like you. -um- n son-in-law. v [A23S; a12] take as a son-in-law. umagarun n prospective son-in-law.

agad-ad₁ a slightly rubbery, but soft to chew. Ang alud-ud sa manuk agad-ad kaúnun, Chicken cartilage is soft to chew.

agad-ad₂ v [A] grunt contentedly. Muagad-ad ang anay ug magpasúsu sa íyang mga baktin, A sow grunts when nursing its litter. n prolonged grunt of contentment emitted by pigs.

ag-ag = alag-ag.

*agagang hi-/ha- v [B1256] hesitate doing s.t. due to indecision or confusion. Nahiagagang siya pagdáwat sa rigálu, She hesitated before accepting the present.

agáhad v [A; b6] clear one’s throat. Miagáhad siya, unyà nangluwà, He cleared his throat, then spat. n action of clearing the throat.

ágak v 1 [A; a12] give the hand to lead or lend support. Akù siyang agákun tapun sa karsáda, I’ll help him cross the street. 2 [A; a12] guide s.o. in moral principles. Kitang mga hamtung angayang muágak sa mga batan-un, We older folks should guide the younger generation. -ay = ágak. mag-r-(→), mag-r- n trainer, one who guides others in learning s.t. -l-un(→) a weak, to be led when walking. Gúlang na táwun si Lúlu alagakun ug mulakaw, Grandpa is so old that he is to be led when he walks.†

agak-ak v [A] 1 for chickens to make the clucking sound of being disturbed. Miagak-ak ang manuk kay nasangkilan, The chicken squawked when s.o. touched it. 2 cackle, squawk with laughter.

agálun (from ágad) n master, boss. v 1 [A123S] happen to get a master. Nakaagawun akug dagmalan, I happened to work for a cruel master. 2 [A2SN] for animals or possessions to allow only the owner to make use of it. Nag-agawun kining ákung kabáyù, aku ray makakabayù, My horse is choosy. I’m the only one who can ride on him. paN- v [A2S; b(1)] work for a master. Mangagálun lang kug way láing kapangabuhían, I’ll work as a servant if I can’t find any other job. Insik ang íyang gipangagawunan, He worked for a Chinese.†

agan-an n sand-like pellets which are the droppings of a k.o. wood-boring insect. v [a4b4] be infested with wood-borers. -un(→) a having agan-an.

agáng 1 exclamation uttered upon experiencing pain. Agáng sakíta! Ouch, how painful! 2 exclamation of disbelief or disgust. Agáng, ikaw na lang nawnga ang manlangyaw? Tapulan! Humph! The likes of you immigrating? You’re too lazy.

agang-agang v 1 [A; b(1)] hesitate before doing s.t. Miagang-agang kug palit, mau nga naunhan aku, I hesitated before buying, so s.o. got it before me. Dílì ku nímu ángay nga agang-agangan, You should not hesitate (to ask) me. 2 [AN23; a12] shoulder work, responsibility, and other duties which ought to be done by s.o. else. Dílì maáyu nga ang mga inahan mauy muagang-agang (mangagang-agang) sa trabáhu sa balay ug dagkù na ang mga anak, It’s not good for a mother to do the household chores when her children are big. -un a tending to shouldering work, responsibilities, and the like which should be done by other persons.

agap a 1 in a great hurry to do s.t. Agap ka ra kaáyung misudyà níya, You were much too quick to remind him he was wrong. 2 intensely interested in obtaining s.t. Aku nga agap ug salapì mihátag sa ákung láwas, Greedy for money, I surrendered my body. v [A13; a12] 1 make haste to. Agapun nátù pagtabuk únà magbálud, Let’s make haste to cross before the waves rise. 2 be after s.t. Nagpabulubuútan uruy nà siya kay nag-agap man ug dulsi, He is pretending to be well-behaved because he is interested in getting candy.

agápang n k.o. mullet.

agára v [A; a2] claim as his own s.t. owned in common with s.o. else or belonging to s.o. else. Hasta ang ákung tutbras ímung agaráhun, You want to lay claim to my toothbrush, too? Giagaráhan mig yútà sa asindíru, The landowner laid claim to our land.

agaray ouch! Agaray! Bídang sakíta nímung mangusì! Ouch! That pinch hurt. v [A] say ‘ouch’.

ágas v [A2S; b6] flow from an opening. Nag-agas na ang túbig, There is water now. (Lit. The water is flowing now.) Giagásan ang dálan ug gasulína, Gasoline flowed over the street. (→) a leaky. Agas kaáyu ang táru, The can is leaky. — ug pálad spendthrift (lit. having leaky hands).

agaw short form: gaw title for people who are cousins. Anía si Agaw Tídu, Here is Cousin Tido. ig-(←) n cousin: children of one’s parent’s sibling or parent’s ig-ágaw. ig-(←) igtagsa first cousin, children of a parent’s siblings. ig-(←) igtagurha second cousin, children of a parent’s ig-ágaw igtagsa. ig-(←) igtagutlu third cousin, children of a parent’s ig-ágaw igtagurha. ig-(←) sa kasingkásing n a lover one pretends is his cousin in public. mag-(←), manag-(←) n people who are ig-ágaw with each other. pag-agáwan, panag-agáwan n sa — related by virtue of being ig-ágaw to the (grand)parents or (grand)children of one’s cousin. Uyuan ku siya sa panag-agáwan, He is my uncle by being a cousin of my parents. Pag-umangkun ku siya sa panag-agáwan, She is my niece by being a daughter of my cousin.†

ágaw v [A, A3S; a] take s.t. away from s.o. Ayawg agáwa ang duláan sa bátà, Don’t take the toy away from the child. -an(→) a fond of snatching. Babáying agawag bána, A woman that is a husband snatcher. maN-r- n one who snatches.

agáwun = agálun.

agay ouch!

ágay v [A2S; b6] flow from a faucet, in a stream. Dílì muágay ang túbig kay gisiradúhan ang grípu, The water won’t flow because the faucet is closed. Nag-ágay ang íyang mga lúhà, Her tears flowed.

agay-ay₁ = agan-an.

agbat v 1 = ábat₁, v. 2 [A; ab2] go after s.o. to catch up with him. Dalì, agbata si Tátay, Quick, go catch up with Father. Maagbatan pa nímu ang íyang grádu, You can still catch up to him in your grades.

agbáti = alugbáti.

agbaw = adgaw.

agbay = alagbay.

agbun n fine particles of soil or ashes. v 1 [A] fly in fine particles. Ayawg isagudsud ang ímung tiil kay muagbun ang abug, Don’t drag your feet because dust will fly. 2 [B12] turn to dust. Nagkaagbun na ang mga karáang mga papílis, The old papers are turning into dust.

agda v [AN; a12] invite s.o. to do s.t. Miagda (nangagda) ku níya ug pakigkalígù, I invited him to join me in going swimming. Paghulat lag agdáhun kag káun, Just wait until you’re invited to eat. n request, invitation to s.o. to do s.t. alagdahun, agdahúnun n one who has to be told to do things. Ang alagdahung binatunan maáyu dáyung ilísan, A servant that needs a special invitation to work should be immediately replaced.

agdul = arul, v 2.

agh written representation of throaty sound produced in uttering a gasp of pain or in clearing the throat.

aghad = ughad.

aghat v 1 [A; a12b2] challenge s.o. to a fight. Aghátun siya nátug sumbagay, Let’s challenge him to a fight. 2 [A3P; a12] induce, prompt s.o. to do s.t. Ang kapubri makaaghat (makapaaghat) nátù sa pagpangáwat, Poverty can drive us to steal. Aghátun tikaw sa pagbása sa libru, I will urge you to read the book. ma-un a provoking, inviting. Nadápit ku pagdúul níya sa maaghátun niyang pahiyum, I was drawn to her by her inviting smile.

aghud v [A3; b(1)] force oneself to bear with a backbreaking task. Ngánung nag-aghud ka mag-uma nga tigúlang ka na man? Why are you breaking your back farming when you are old?

aghup a tender in feelings or treatment. ma- a tender. v [a12] do in a tender way. Giaghup ku silag buyag, I scolded them tenderly.

aghuy₁ n supernatural being which does good, does not show itself, and puts itself at the service of a single sorcerer and no other person. He cures sick persons and sorcery victims only through the intercession of this sorcerer. He also acts as a spy for the sorcerer. -an n a sorcerer with an aghuy.

aghuy₂ v [A; ab5] shout over distance to attract attention. Adtúa na lang; ayaw na lang aghuya (aghuyi), Just go to him; don’t shout to call his attention. n a shout over a distance.

agi 1 oh my!, expression of surprise. Agi, kadakù ánang isdáa! Oh my! How big that fish is! 1a expression of revulsion to s.t. perceived. Agi, kangilngig naadtu! My! how terrible that was! 1b expression of objection to s.t. different from what is desired. Agi! Dì man nà mau! My! That is not the one I asked for. 1c expression of happiness at s.t. found out. Agi, kanindut, kun tinúud, My! How nice, if it’s true. 2 expression of sudden pain. Agi! Sakíta, Ow! That hurts.

ági v [A2S3S; b6] 1 go by, through a place. Dílì ku muági dihà kay náay irù, I won’t go that way because there’s a dog there. 1a [A2S; c] for food to be cooked in s.t. Dì ku makakáug sud-an nga giági ug mantíkà, I can’t eat food that was cooked in fat. 2 for time to go by. Nakadaug aku sa swipstik sa miáging simána, I won the sweepstakes last week. Sa nag-aging mga búlan, nagkaluya pud siya, As the months went by, he became steadily weaker. 3 gone through one’s hands, had experience with one. Pila na ka babáyi ang niági kaníya? How many women have gone through his hands? Daghan na ang ispisyalista nga miági kaníya, Many specialists have examined her. 4 have experienced s.t. Nakaagi na ku sa pagpamutsatsu, I have already experienced being a servant. 5 [A23] for a writing instrument to work. Dì na muági ning bulpína, This ballpoint pen doesn’t write any more. n 1 path traversed. Mibálik siya sa íyang ági, He retraced his steps. 2 result of the action of some instrument. Ági sa gabas, The kerf of the saw. Ági sa lápis, The imprint of the pencil. Ági sa makina, Stitches of the sewing machine. Ági sa bunal, Welts made by a whip. Ági sa dáru, Furrows. 3 handwriting. 4 output, work accomplished. Gamay kaáyu siyag ági kay tapulan, He has little output because he’s lazy. 6 profits. Dakù siyag ági sa pagpahulam, He made big profits from his usury. 7 transient. Ági lang ang íyang kasukù, His anger will soon pass. 8 — ug, sa by way of, as an expression of. Kining rilu ágig handumánan nátù, This watch is by way of remembrance. (→) v [A; ac] pass by to pick up or leave s.t. on the way. Agiun tika unyà, I’ll stop by to pick you up. Iagi ang karsunsilyu sa ka Pidru, Bring the shorts to Pedro’s on your way. a leaky. Tárung agi, A leaky can. v [B1256] become leaky. pa- v 1 [A; ac] cause to go in a certain way. Unsáun man nátù pagpaági nga dílì mailhan? How will we do it so it won’t be recognized? Ang íyang gugma gipaági níya sa suwat, He made his love known through letters. n way. Unsay maáyung paági sa paglútug bam-i? What is a good way to prepare noodles? pina- n means. Nabuksan ang kandádu pinaági sa yáwi, The lock was opened by means of a key. paN- v [b4] for an expectant mother to have her bag of waters break. Gipangagían na siya piru wà pa magbatì, Her bag of waters has broken, but she is not in labor yet. agiánan n 1 passageway. Makalapus ka ngadtu kay náa may agiánan, You can pass through there because there is a passageway. 2 a means to an end or accomplishment. Kanang hulamhúlam ug libru mauy usa ka pasángil, agiánan sa panagsulátay níla, Borrowing each other’s books was a means for them to write each other. alagían n = agiánan. a near a place people pass. Ang ílang balay alagían kanang paingun ta sa lungsud, Their house is right on the way when we go to town. -um-r-, -um-l- n 1 about to pass. 2 of a passing character. Umaági (umalági) ra ning ulána, This is just a passing rain. ka- n an event, happening, or experience. Ang súnug usa ka kaági nga dílì malimtan, The conflagration is an unforgettable event. kaaginhun, maaginhun a full of history, eventful.†

ágid = amgid.

agigísing n temples, hair on the temples.

agíik n creak, squeak. v [A; c1] creak, squeak. Nag-agíik ang íyang mga túhud, His knees creaked. Ayawg agiíka (iagíik) ang sira, Don’t let the door creak.

agik-ik v [A; b6] laugh, but not openly. Nag-agik-ik sila pagpangutut sa maistra, They snickered when the teacher broke wind.

agil v [AN; b5] shave hair off (not beard). Ug mangagil (mangágil) ka sa bábuy ayawg samári ang pánit, When you shave the pig, do not damage the skin. Ayaw ug agila (agili) ang patilya, Don’t shave the sideburns. n razor. ig-l-(←) n razor to shave pig bristle.

agila n eagle.

agímud v [AN; c1] stick out the lips in pouting or in displeasure. Muagímud (mangagímud) man lang ug átung sugúun, He just puckers his lips when we ask him to run an errand.

*aginaldu mísa di- = mísa digalyu.

agíngay n k.o. tall hairy grass of open fields used as forage.

aginsud = agínud.

agínud v [A2S; a] 1 move dragging s.t. on the ground. Nag-agínud ang bakul padúng sa simbahan, The cripple dragged himself to the church. 2 move forward slowly but steadily. Miagínud ang barku pagsulud sa dungguánan, The boat slowly moved into the dock. n slow, dragging movement. Agínud sa hálas, The creeping of a snake. Ang agínud sa mga úras, The slow passing of the hours.

agipu n piece of wood with a glowing or burning tip.

agiri 1 ouch! 2 exclamation of jubilation.

agis-is n white scales on skin of the type which develop when the skin is dry. v [B6; a4] develop whitish scales on skin. Muagis-is (maagis-is, agis-isun) ang íyang bagtak, Her legs develop whitish scales.

agit-it₁ n squeaking strident sound made by two surfaces rubbing against each other. v [B] squeak stridently, become squeaky. Kasábà sad íning siráha, muagit-it (nag-agit-it) man, How noisy this door is! It squeaks.

agit-it₂ n 1 white streaks of dirt or dried up perspiration. 2 dirt that sticks to things or the skin. v [a4b4] be begrimed with agit-it. Giagit-itan (giagit-it) ang ímung líug, Your neck is streaked with dirt. -un(→) a covered with agit-it.

agítung a burnt to charcoal. v [B2; c1] get burnt to become charcoal. Miagítung (naagítung) ang mais nga ákung gisugba, I broiled the corn on the cob until it turned to charcoal. (→) n fire kept burning low over a long period of time so that it won’t have to be rekindled.

ágiw n fine, white ashes. v [AB2; a12] burn to white ashes, cause to burn to ashes. Muágiw (maágiw) na gánì nang úling tayhúpi, When the charcoal turns to ashes, blow some of them away. Mag-ágiw kug tabákù nga itambal, I’ll make some tobacco ashes to use as medicine. pa- v 1 [A; c1] let s.t. turn into ashes. Ayaw ipaágiw (paagíwa) ang úling, Don’t let the charcoal burn to ashes. 2 [A; ac] have s.o. make ashes. -l-an, -anan n ash tray.

agkut = hagkut.

aglidulsi = limunsítu.

aglípay, aglipayánu n member of the Aglipayan religious sect. v [B1] become an Aglipayan.

agmang n k.o. eel.

agmud n grunting, snorting noises. v [AN; c1] grunt, snort. Ígù lang siyang miagmud (nangagmud) sa ákung pagpananghid, He just grunted when I asked his permission.

agngan n = adngan.

agni v [A; a12] urge s.o. to do s.t. Giagni siya sa pagpaúlì sa asáwa, He was urged to return to his wife.

agnus n holy charm or relic affixed to the body to ward off evil. v [A1; b] wear an agnus.

agpan = adpan.

agpang n a thin piece of bamboo, three or four inches in length used to set the size of the hole in weaving fish nets.

agpas v [A; a12b2] 1 go after s.o. to catch up with him. Agpása, kay wà tu siya kabayad, Go after him. He hasn’t paid. 2 meet a seller’s offer. Dì pud ku muagpas ug baynti ánang sapatúsa, I would not even give you twenty for those shoes. 3 catch up in time. Dì na nákù maagpas ang trabáhu, taudtaud na kung naabsin, I can’t catch up with the work. I’ve been absent too long. 4 be after, interested in obtaining s.t. Kwarta lay íyang giagpas, All she’s after is money. 5 [A12; b5] a catch a meaning. Wà siya kaagpas sa lísu, He didn’t catch the joke. b know the cause or defect. Wà ku kaagpas unsay dipiktu íning mutúra, I can’t figure out what is wrong with this motorcycle. 6 [AN; c] think of s.t. to say. Walà nay ikapangagpas (ikaagpas) ang dalága sa pagpamalíbad, The girl could think of no more excuses for refusing him. n highest price offered in buying s.t. Pila man giyuy agpas mu? What is the highest price you offer? pa- v [A; c] say s.t. additional as an afterthought. Mipaagpas siyag túgun sa paglakaw nákù, He called after me to ask me to do s.t. for him as I was leaving. paN- v [A] 1 go after s.t. and take advantage of it in time. Mangagpas ta sa higayun samtang barátu pa, Let’s take advantage of the opportunity while it is still cheap. 2 figure s.t. out. May nangagpas nga láin siyag túyù, S.o. figured out that he had evil intentions. n 1 interpretation of a situation. 2 a second planting to replace seeds that did not do well. Namatay ang ubang tanum. Pangagpas ning tanúma, Some of the plants died. This planting is to replace them.†

agrabiyar v [A2] have a complaint about treatment. Makaagrabiyar ka pa uruy nga nakabintahà ka man, You claim you’re being treated unfairly, though before, you had the advantage.

agrabyádu a 1 taking offense. Agrabyádu ku sa ímung gisulti, I feel offended at what you said. 2 having a grievance, reason for complaint.

agrabyu v [A2; a2b3] have a complaint about a treatment. Ayaw agrabyúha ning ákung gibúhat, Don’t complain about what I did. n s.t. which gives rise to grievances. Ang agrabyu sa mga Pilipínu gíkan sa mga Katsílà walà na maagwanta, The Filipinos could no longer endure their grievances against the Spaniards.

agri, agridulsi = limunsítu.

agrigáwu = abrigáwu.

agrikultúra n agriculture. agrikulturista n agriculturist. v [B156] be an agriculturist.

agriminsur n land surveyor. v [B156] be a land surveyor.

agrísib = agrisíba, agrisíbu.

agrisíba a 1 = agrisíbu, (female). 2 aggressive, eager for sex. Agrisíba kunu ang mga mistísa, They say the mestiza girls are sexually aggressive. v [B12] be sexually aggressive.

agrisíbu a aggressive. v [B1; b] be aggressive. -in- a in an aggressive manner. v [A13; a12] do s.t. aggressively. Inagrisibúhun nátù pag-aplay ang trabáhu, Let’s be aggressive in our application for the job.

agsa₁ v [A; b5] work on s.t. and be paid with half of product. Muagsa ku sa ímung tíkug kay wà kuy puhúnan, I will work with your material for half the output, as I have none of my own.

agsa₂ = igtagsa. see agaw.

agsing v [A; b2] for a missile to graze s.o. Ígù lang nakaagsing ang bála sa íyang agtang, The bullet just grazed his forehead.

agtà n 1 supernatural man of dark complexion and extraordinary size, said to inhabit trees, cliffs, or empty houses. He is said to play practical jokes on people, kidnap them. He has a large cigar in his mouth. 2 name occasionally given to Negritos.

agtang n 1 forehead. 2 region just above the genitalia (humorous metaphorical). (→) v [A; a12] hit at the forehead. Agtangun tika run, I will hit you on the forehead. -un a having a prominent forehead.

agtì v [BN] 1 become very dark due to heat. Miagtì (nangagtì) íyang nawung sa ínit, His face has become black because of the sun. 2 be dry and brittle. Ning-agtì ang káhuy, The wood became dry and brittle.

agú exclamation of woe or pain: ouch! Agú! Kalisud sa way inahan, Woe, how difficult it is to have no mother. v [A2] exclaim agú.

Agu. abbreviation for Agustu, August.

agū̀ = agúlù.

agubhub n hollow thudding sound. v [A] resound with hollow thudding sound. Miagubhub ang platapurma nga ílang gisayáwan ug tiniil, The platform they were dancing on in their bare feet resounded with a thudding sound.

agub-ub₁ a crunchy and hard to chew, like hardtack. Agub-ub kaúnun ang sinángag pasì, Fried corn grains are crunchy to eat. v [A4] make crunchy sound.

agub-ub₂ n mold. v [A123P; a4b4] be moldy. Giagub-ub (giagub-uban) ang surísu nga dúgayng gitagúan, The sausages have become moldy because they were kept too long.

agud = arun₁ (dialectal).

agúha n 1 big sewing needle for sewing up sacks. 2 name given to any large needle or safety pin.

aguhilya n 1 U-shaped hairpin. 2 a small needle bigger than the ordinary sewing needle, but smaller than the agúha. 3 hypodermic needle. v 1 [A; a] use an aguhilya. Aguhilyáun lang ni nátung gisì sa sáku, Let’s sew the sack with a large needle. Ug dílì ka mukáun, maaguhilyáan ka sa duktur, If you refuse to eat, the doctor will have to use his needle on you. 2 [a12] make an aguhilya.

agúhù n Australian pine: Casuarina equistifolia. Lumber and ornamental tree. The roots and bark have medicinal uses. Young specimens are used as Christmas trees.

aguk-uk v [A; b3] laugh vigorously in suppressed or stifled laughter. Muaguk-uk giyud kug katáwa kun mahinumdum ku, I break into suppressed laughter when I think about it. n vigorous but suppressed laughter. n k.o. grunt: Pomadasys hasta.

agúkuy see alagúkuy.

agul a with the hair completely shaved off. v = agil.

agulang see gúlang.

agúlù v [A2S] groan, moan. Ngánung nag-agúlù man ka, may sakit ka ba sa tiyan? Why are you groaning? Do you have a stomach ache? n groan.

agum = lagum.

águm v [B1256; b4(1)] 1 undergo a bitter or painful experience. Naágum sa dakung kapildíhan ang lungsud adtung bagyúha, The town suffered a great loss in that storm. 2 get full use out of some benefit s.o. bestows on one. Makaminyù ka na kay naágum na ku sa ímung kabudlay, I allow you to get married because I made use of your labor (while you were single). pa- v [A12] cause one to learn a lesson. Ang dakung pildi nakapaágum nákù, Losing a large amount taught me a lesson. hi-/ha- = águm. ka-an n bitter experience.

agumáa n chub or striped mackerel: Rastrelliger sp.

agúmud v [A2; c] grunt. Nag-agumud ang bábuy nga naglúnang, The pig was grunting as he wallowed in the mud.

agum-um n k.o. large dove.

águng n gong. v [A; a] sound a gong.

agúngal n corn cob.

agung-ung₁ n loud sound that reverberates. v [AB46] reverberate, make s.t. reverberate. Muagung-ung na gánì ang ayruplánu, When the roar of the airplane resounds.

agung-ung₂ v [A; b3] whine in a somewhat suppressed way, as in pain. Nakaagung-ung sa kasakit ang irù nga gibunálan, The dog he whipped whined in pain.

agúnguy n prolonged wail of grief or pain, any wailing-like sound. Agúnguy sa ambulansiya, The wail of the ambulance. v [A; b3] wail. Dì man angayang agungúyan nang samára, That wound is nothing to wail about.

aguníyas n death knell at a funeral; also the knell on Good Friday to indicate the hour of Christ’s death. v [A; b6] sound the death knell.

aguntù v [A] emit a short grunt when hit in the pit of the stomach or when exerting an effort. Miaguntù siya dihang naigù sa kutukutu, He groaned when he was hit in the pit of the stomach. n short grunt.

agup-up n mildew, mold. v [a4b4] get mildewed, moldy. Ayawg paumgi ang ímung dintru arun dílì agup-upun, Don’t let your shirt get moist so that it won’t get mildewed. Giagup-up (giagup-upan) na ang sud-ang hikalimtan, The food they forgot about got all moldy. -un(→) a mildewy, moldy.

aguruy ouch! Aguruy, ngánung namáak man ka? Ouch! Why did you bite me? v [A] cry ‘ouch’.

águs v [A2S] ooze, flow out slowly. Miágus ang nánà, The pus oozed out.

agusahis n k.o. shrub or small tree. The leaves have rough upper surface and are used as sandpaper: Ficus odorata and ulmifolia. v [A13; b(1)] sand s.t. with agusahis leaves.

Agustu n August. v see abril.

agus-us n 1 delicacy made of cornstarch mixed with sugar, water, and sometimes other ingredients made into cylindrical rolls with banana leaves and broiled. 2 delicacy made of sweet potatoes and pork wrapped in coconut leaves. v [AC12; a2] make agus-us.

agut a 1 simple-minded. Dalì mutúu ang agut, The simple-minded fool believes anything you tell him. 2 slow, stunted in growth. Agut ka man. Hilabwan na man lang ka sa ímung manghud, You are stunted. Your little brother is taller than you are. v 1 [B; a] be ignorant, simple-minded. Makaagut man diay ning mag-istar ug búkid, Staying in the mountains makes you simple-minded. 2 be stunted in growth. -un a of a stunted or simple-minded sort. Agutun mig kalíwat, We are a family of short people.

agút a gritty. Agút ang ginamus sa bás, The fish paste is gritty with sand. v [B; b] become gritty.

agútay n k.o. wild banana, producing 2″ long seedy fruit with a yellowish peel and sweet orange meat when ripe.

aguting n 1 k.o. tobacco blight which makes the leaves turn whitish and curl up when they are dried. 2 k.o. banana blight which forms spots and makes the meat hard and inedible. v [a4] be affected with aguting.

agutíut n squeaking, creaking sound produced by two surfaces rubbing against each other. v [A] for surfaces to squeak, creak. Muagutíut man ning ákung sapátus, My shoes squeak.

agutnga v [A; b6] emit a somewhat prolonged grunt as when one is lifting a heavy load or has suffered pain. Miagutnga siya sa kabug-at sa íyang gipas-an, He groaned under the load he was carrying. n grunt.

agut-ut₁ n squeaking sound like that made by chewing on meat. v [A] make a squeaking sound.

agut-ut₂ a stunted in growth. v [B; a] be stunted in growth. Nagkaagut-ut ang mga tanum kay kúlang na sa tambuk ang yútà, The plants are coming out stunted because the soil is infertile.

agut-ut₃ a painful in a throbbing, gnawing way. v [B46; b4] be throbbingly painful. Nag-agut-ut ang ákung hubag, My boil is giving me a gnawing pain. Muhílak ku ug agut-utan ku sa ákung upirasyun, I cry if the wound from my operation gnaws painfully.

agúut a for s.t. soft or smooth to have a sandy, gritty texture because of improper cooking or some hard materials mixed in with it. Agúut pa kaáyu ning kan-un, pataudtauri pa, This rice is still hard in the center. Leave it on a little longer. v [B; b6] be gritty. Nag-agúut ang ginamus sa balas, The fish paste is gritty because of the sand.

aguy 1 ouch! Aguy, sakíta! Nasuyuran kus buyug, Ouch! It hurts. I was stung by a wasp! 2 particle expressing pleasant surprise. Aguy! Dúna diay kuy bag-ung sapátus, Yipee! I have a new pair of shoes! v [A] shout aguy.

aguyangyang₁ n a k.o. poisonous field spider with a red tip at the abdomen.

aguyangyang₂ n k.o. wild annual vine that bears small, poisonous beans which are hard and red with a black tip. The beans are used ornamentally and medicinally: Abrus precatorius.

agwa n perfume, lotion. — bindíta n holy water. v 1 [A; b6] apply perfume to s.o. 2 [A12] get perfume. paN- v [A2] use perfume. Humut ka dà. Nangagwa ka ba? You smell nice. Are you using perfume? agwahan n perfume atomizer. — uksináda n hydrogen peroxide.

agwáda v [A; a2] fetch water. Agwadáhan lang tikag túbig, I’ll fetch water for you. paN- v [A2] fetch water for a fee. n the occupation of fetching water. Makasapì pud siyag diyútay sa pangagwáda, He can earn a little money in fetching water.†

agwádu a watery, of a thin mixture. Pagkaagwádu sa ímung tsukuláti, mu rag hinúgas, How watery your chocolate is. It is like dishwater. v [A; a12] make a thin mixture.†

agwadur n water vendor. v [B156] be a water vendor.

agwanta v 1 [A; a12] endure, put up with. Walay pawntinping muagwanta ánang ímung ginawian, No pen can last the way you are using it. Dì kung kaagwanta níya, I cannot stand her. Agwantahun lang nátù ang kagútum, We’ll just endure our hunger. 2 [A; b5] put up with. Bisag bagìbian ang asáwa, agwantahan (agwantahun) ku na lang, My wife is a shrew, but I’ll just put up with her. — nga how very. Agwantang lisúra, My! How difficult it is! — muy Can you imagine! Agwanta mu bay mupalit ug kadilak mukás dáyun! Can you imagine? He bought a Cadillac for cash! -du, -dur(→) a able to endure. Agwantadur ang tagabaryu sa trabáhu, Village folk can endure hard work. see also †maríya.

agwardiyinti n refined alcohol, usually used in making liquor.

agwas n public water system. Ámung túbig gíkan sa agwas, Our water comes from the public supply. — putablis = agwas.

agwasil n = alguwasil.

agwásun n k.o. large poisonous snake, black on the back and yellow-bellied.

ah particle expressing rejection or denial. Ah! Dílì kanà mahímù, Oh! That’s impossible. Ah, dì ku. Kápuy, Oh, I don’t want to. It’s too much like work.

aha aha! Aha! Nasakpan ka na giyud, Aha! At last I’ve caught you!

aháan n k.o. blue-lined snapper: Lutianus rivulatus.

áhag v [A; a] 1 sift fine particles from coarser ones. Ahágun ku ang ginaling kapi, I’ll sift the ground coffee. 2 shake the remaining grains out of rice straw. Ahága ang uhut, Shake out the straw. 3 choose the best or biggest from a group. Ikaw bay muáhag sa maáyung klásing isdà, You choose the best fish. -an n sifter for milled corn.

áhak a crazy (used only in exclamations). Aháka sad nímu uy! You’re nuts! v [a4] be crazy. Gipabáyad kag singku? Giáhak, She made you pay five pesos? Is she out of her mind? Wà ku nímu sugta. Ahákun ka pa untà, You don’t accept me? I hope you go mad.

áhas₁ v [A; a] 1 haul in a fishing net. Ahásun ni Durik ug sayu ang íyang púkut, Doric will haul in his net early. 2 get s.t. from s.t. Wà tay maáhas ug mangasáwa tag way kanghu, There’s no profit in marrying a poor woman.

áhas₂ v [A12; c1] separate husked from unhusked rice. Ahása (iáhas) pag-alig-ig ang gilubuk, Separate the husked from the unhusked rice by shaking it.

ahat a 1 done before the proper time. Ahat nga kamatáyun, Premature death. 2 forced. Ahat nga pahiyum, A forced smile. Ahat nga pagkaminyù, Forced marriage. v 1 [A23] do s.t. suddenly and unexpectedly. Giunsa man nímu tung bátà nga miahat maghílak? What did you do to the child that it cried suddenly? 2 [B3(1); a12] a do s.t. before the proper time. Kinsa may nag-ahat ug pùpù sa mangga? Who picked the mango prematurely? Naahat siyag pagkabut-an pagkamatay sa íyang amahan, He had to become a grown-up before his time, when his father died. b do s.t. at an inopportune time. Nakaahat lang kug katáwa. Nangutut man gud ka! I couldn’t help laughing. You broke wind! 3 be forced into doing s.t. by circumstances. Miahat kug huwam ug kwarta, I was forced to borrow money. athanay v [C3] force each other to do s.t.

ahaw a lacking entirely. Ahaw sa tanum ang yútà nga palanas, The rocky area is bare of plants. Ahaw ang bátà sa pagpanggà sa inahan, The child lacks a mother’s love. n vegetable cooked with no meat or other condiments except, perhaps, tomatoes, onions, and salt. v 1 [B1; b6] be empty, lacking. Nag-ahaw ang ákung kinabúhì sukad aku papháa sa trabáhu, My life has been empty ever since I was fired. Giahawan aku sa ímung pangatarúngan, I consider your reasoning to be empty. 2 [A13; a] cook vegetables plain. Ahawun ku ang útan, I will cook the vegetables plain.†

ahay exclamation expressing utter tiredness or frustration. Ahay, kapait ning walay ginikánan, My! How bitter it is not to have parents.

ahidris n chess set. v [AC3; c3] play chess. -an(→) n chessboard.

ahinghu n tiny shrub grown in flower pots, not native to the Visayas: Crossostephium chinense.

ahinsiya n 1 pawnshop. 2 agency. Ahinsiya sa trabáhu, Employment agency. v [A13] open up a pawnshop.

ahinti n agent, one who sells on commission. Níay ahinti sa sabun, There’s a man selling soap here. v [BN56; b6] be a salesman on commission. Ahintíhan ku ning ímung yútà, I’ll be your agent in selling the land. — sa bábuy one with an AB (humorous).

ahítu n marigold.

áhù = ákù; see aku. idyaidya ahuáhù see idyaidya.

áhug v [AC; ac] mix s.t. moist or wet with s.t. dry. Nag-áhug ang gátas ug harína, The flour and the milk are mixed together. (→) n mixture. Gátas, harína, kámay. Hustu giyud nang ahug, Milk, flour, sugar are just the right mixture.

áhus n garlic. (→) v [c] season with garlic. Dì ba nímu ahusan ang tinúlang isdà? Are you not going to season the stewed fish with garlic? -an(→) n garlic patch. ahus-áhus n = awrúra₂. ahus-ahus n ornamental vine with purple flowers which smells somewhat like garlic. — nga putì n k.o. ornamental bulb with white flowers.

ak word used in writing to represent the sound of a blow.

akáak v [A] make a cracking sound, loud creaking sound. Miakáak ang pultahan sa pag-abri námù, The door creaked (went aak) when we opened it.

ákab = abhak.

akadimíya n academy.

ak-ak v [A; a2] peel, rip off, usually s.t. not flexible. Ikaw bay muak-ak sa pánit sa káhuy? Will you strip the bark off the tree? Naak-ak ang lapalapa sa ákung sapátus, The sole of my shoe came off.

ákal a bulging and bulky in the pocket or pocketbook. v [B] be bulgy. Nag-ákal ang íyang bulsa sa batu, His pocket was bulging with rocks.

akasya n monkey-pod tree, a large tree extensively planted as shade tree and producing excellent lumber: Samanea saman. akasyahan n acacia tree stand.

akata, akatar v [A; b5] look after, take care of. Kinsa may muakatar sa tigúlang ug muuban ku nímu? Who will look after the old man if I go with you? Ang táwung kasámuk ray akatahan (akatahun) dì giyud muhangtud, A man that has nothing to do except look for trouble will not live long.

akawntant n accountant. v [B16] be an accountant.

akba v 1 [B3(1); c] lean on the chest with the arms hanging over the edge. Nag-akba siya sa pasamánu samtang nagtambù sa sílung, She was leaning over the banister as she looked downstairs. 2 [A; c1P] carry s.o. with his chest just below or against the shoulder. Iakba (akbaha, ipaakba) ang bátà arun manug-ab, Pick up the child with his chest facing you to burp him.

akbay = alagbay.

akbù v [A; a] lean on the lower arms. Nag-akbù siya sa bintánà, She’s in the window leaning on her arms. Ayaw ug akbúi nang balabag, Don’t lean on that rail. -anan n rail over which one usually leans. Akbuánan sa kumpisyunaryu, Confessional rail.

akhab = abhak.

akin = nakinnákin.

akip v [B6; c1] be included, include oneself in s.t. Ang bátang mag-akip ug sulti sa dagkù way batásan, A child who joins in an adults’ conversation is ill-mannered. Kinsay nakaakip ug kúhà sa ákung papílis? Who accidentally took my papers along with his? akip-akipun a tending to include oneself in on things.

aklas v [A; a2] go on strike. Ug dílì ta tugtan, aklásun nátù, If our demands are not met, we’ll strike. Giaklásan ang kumpaníya, They went on strike against the company. n strike of workers.

akmù = akbù.

akni n acne.

aknit v [A; a2] peel s.t. flexible off in such a way that it does not get torn. Akníta ang silyu, Peel the stamps off carefully.

aksì v [A; a] tear off flexible material attached or pasted to s.t. Wà níya aksía ang pahibalu nga gitaput sa bungbung, He didn’t rip off the poster pasted on the wall.

aksidinti n 1 accident. 2 accident, happenstance. Aksidinti lang nga nagkítà mi, We just met by accident. v [B126] have an accident. Naaksidinti si Pidru, Pedro had an accident.

aksidu n acid, usually hydrochloric acid. v [A] put acid. Aksiduhan nímug diyútay ang batiríya, Put a little acid in the battery. ka-(←) v [A13] get covered with acid.

aksintu n accent, mark. v [A3; b6] put an accent, mark.

aksiyun n 1 action, movement. 2 interest or part owned in a business. May aksiyun siya sa Maníla Iliktrik, He has part interest in the Manila Electric Company. Usa lang ka aksiyun sa swipstik, One share of a lottery ticket. v [A2; b] make a move to, show signs of doing s.t. Wà makaaksiyun ug pamúlak ang tanum, The plants haven’t shown any signs of flowering yet. Giaksiyunan ku siyag pátid, I made a move to kick him. -ista n one who has an interest or share in a business.

aksul n axle. v [A13; a] make into, supply with an axle. Giaksúlan níya ang karumátag káhuy, He put a wooden axle on the cart.

akta n minutes of a business meeting.

aktibidádis n activities.

aktibista n political activist.

aktíbu a active, energetic. Aktíbu kaáyu ang inyung mga bátà, Your children are very active. Aktíbung mimbru, An active member. Bulkan nga aktíbu, An active volcano. Ingridiyinting aktíbu, An active ingredient. v [B2; b6] get to be active.

akting n 1 acting, functioning in a temporary capacity. 2 way of acting. Layhan ku sa akting ni Gluriya Rumíru, I like Gloria Romero’s acting.

aktitud n attitude. Ang aktitud sa mga táwu báhin sa prisidinti, The people’s attitude towards the president.

aktris n actress. v [B156] be an actress. -l-un(→) a having the looks or character of an actress. Musalir sa pilikula si Tirya kay alaktrisun ug hitsúra, Terry will do well in the film because she has the appearance of an actress.

aktu n 1 the act of doing s.t. Ang tanang mga aktu sa simbahan pagabayran na, You have to pay for every church ceremony now. Nasakpan siya sa aktu, He was caught in the act. 1a acts in the church. Aktu sa pagbásul, kuntrisiyun, Act of Contrition. 2 the time that s.t. happens. Sa aksidinti tulu ang namatay sa aktu, In the accident three died on the spot. Ang táwu nga náa sa aktu sa kamatáyun dílì mamakak, A man does not lie when he is at the point of death. 3 acts of a legislative body. 4 acts of a drama. v 1 [b4(1)] be caught in doing an act. Hiaktuhan siyang nangáwat, He was caught in the act of stealing. 2 [A] a engage in some action. Ug muaktu siyag dautan, singgit, If he acts suspiciously, scream. b show signs of dying. Ug muaktu na, ipatawag ku, If he shows signs of dying, send for me.

aktur n actor on stage or screen. v [B156] be an actor. -l-un(→) a be like an actor. — kantur n actor-singer.

aktuwal n sa — 1 at the very moment. Sa aktuwal na giyud siya midágan, gitirúhan dáyun, The very moment he made to run away, he was shot. 2 in person, in real life. Sa aktuwal batan-un pa kay sa litrátu, He is younger looking in real life than in his picture. Isturiya lang nà. Dílì sa aktuwal, It’s just a story, not real.

aku I, me. Aku lang, Let me do it. Short form: ku. Adtu na ku (aku), I’m going now. ay — nímu expression of helpless frustration at s.o.’s incompetence. Ay ku nímu, undù. Mag-unsa man lang ka ug wà na ku, My God, son. What will you do when I am not around any more! tig-akuaku a always say ‘aku’. Tig-akuaku ka man bisag dílì ka kamau, You don’t know how, but you keep saying ‘lemme’. ákù 1 preposed gen.: me, my. Ákung anak, My child. Ákung gibása, I read it. 2 be mine. Ákù nà, That is mine. Unsa may ákù niánà? What do I get out of that? v [B1256] become mine. Maákù ka na giyud, At last you will be mine. — na May I have to keep? Ákù na nang kindi, ha? May I have that candy? Ang — gud 1 what worries me. Ang ákù gud ug dì siya kaanhi, What worries me is if he can’t come. 2 all I am concerned with, interested in. Ang ákù gud nga makatinir kug pruyba, All I care about is that I can have proof. maakuakuun a tending to want things for oneself. akúa mine as opposed to other things that are not. Akúa nà, That one (as opposed to the others) is mine. kanákù dat.: me. Ihátag kanákù, Give it to me. Nagtan-aw siya kanákù, He was looking at me. ku 1 nom. (short for aku). 2 gen.: = nákù. nákù 1 gen.: my, by me. Anak nákù, My son. Gibása nákù, I read it. — ug (short for gipakaingun nákù) I thought. Nákug muadtu ka, I thought you would go. 2 short for kanákù.

áku (from aku) v [A12] 1 stand to do s.t. Dì ku kaákug tan-aw nímu, I cannot stand to look at you. 2 = paN-. paN- v 1 [A2] have nerve to do s.t. Walà giyud ku makapangáku (makaáku) sa pagbuyag kang Maríya, I couldn’t gather the nerve to admonish Maria. 2 [A2; b5] do s.t. on one’s own responsibility. Dílì ku mangáku sa pagpaandar sa makina, I will not take it on myself to start the engine. Ngánung gipangakúhan (gipangáku) man nímu nag-istrungkar? Why did you take it on yourself to take that apart? n particular responsibility or task. Dakù kaáyung pangáku sa lungsud ang pagtúkud sa simbahan, It was a great responsibility which the town undertook to build the church. kaakúhan, kapangakúhan n responsibility. Kaakúhan (kapangakúhan) sa usa ka amahan, A father’s responsibility. akuakuhan, maakuakuhan, manggiakuakuhan a tending to take things on oneself one should not. Akuakuhan kaáyu siya manlísù sa twirka, He likes to take it on himself to mess around with the screws. v [B12] get to be so that one takes on things one should not.

akub v [AC; ac] fit s.t. over s.t. else face to face so that the edges meet, or the edge of the cover overlaps the edges of the thing covered. Kinsa may nag-akub sa nígu sa tabig? Who covered the clothes basket with a winnowing tray? Ang duha ka bagaw sa imbaw nag-ákub, The two shells of the clam fit together precisely. Akúba ang duha ka papil, Lay the two papers face to face with the edges even. Akbi ang pawntinpin, Put the top on the fountain pen. (←) n things that fit against each other with the outer edges matching. Duha ka ákub ang ílang kík, Their cake has two layers.

ákud₁ a for the chest to be tight or heart to be heaving. Nagsubsub ang ákud sa íyang dughan. Gihúbak na sad, Her wheezing fits in her chest intensified. She was having another asthma attack.

ákud₂ v [AB126; b5] disable, be disabled. Naákud ang táwu nga nabalían sa páa, The man who broke his thigh became crippled. Akúrun (akúran) tikaw run yawáa ka, I’ll disable you, you devil. (→) n cripple.

akúdi v [A; b5c] mind, take care, look after. Maakúdi (maakudíhan) nákù ang tanan kung mga anak bísag wà kuy katábang, I can take care of all my children even without a helper. Akudíha, akudíhig maáyu nang ímung kabílin, Take good care of your inheritance.

akulitu n 1 altar boy, server in a mass. 2 one who is at a person’s beck and call and kowtows to him. Ása man nà mudáut ni Markus. Akulitu man nà siya, He would never talk against Marcos. All he is is his yes-man. v [B56] be a server.

akumpaniing n one who stays with a patient in a hospital to look after his needs. Kaning katríha pára sa akumpaniing, This bed is for the one who stays in the room with the patient to attend to him. v [B; a] be, become the one who stays with a patient in a hospital to attend to his needs. Giakumpaniing ku sa ámung silíngan nga naaksidinti, I went to the hospital to stay in the room with our neighbor that met an accident.

akumpaniyamintu n accompaniment in music.

akumpaniyar v [A; b] 1 accompany s.o. in music. Akumpanyahi aku sa ímung sista, Accompany me with your guitar. 2 go with s.o. Akumpanyahi ku didtu bi, Accompany me there.

akumplísi n accomplice.

akup-akup v [A3; a12] monopolize a job, possession, or enjoyment of s.t. Kinsay layhan mutábang nga muakup-akup man siya sa mga trabahuun? Who likes to help when he monopolizes all the work? Ayaw akup-akupa ang tanang duwáan, Don’t monopolize all of the toys.

akurdiyun n accordion. v [A] play the accordion.

akusádu see akusar.

akusar v [A; b5c1] accuse. Ayaw ku akusaha (akusahi, iakusar), Don’t accuse me. akusádu n one accused, defendant. akusasiyun n accusation.

akwaryum n aquarium.

akwintans n acquaintance. — parti n get-acquainted party.

akyut a acute, critical sickness. v [B] for a sickness to become acute. Naakyut ang íyang apindisaytis, His appendicitis has gotten acute.

*ala (not without l) — úna 1 one o’clock. 2 going once (in auction). Dusintus. Ala úna, alas dus, alas tris, sirtu, Two hundred. Going once, going twice, gone. v [B5; b] see alas₁.

Ála (not without l) n Allah.

alà v [A13P; c6] avoid engaging in certain activities, esp. eating proscribed foods. Dì gánì ka mag-alà sa ímung pagkáun, dì ka giyud mamaáyu, If you don’t avoid eating proscribed foods, you will never get better. Kining ákung balatían mauy nakaalà (nakapaalà) nákù sa pagkalígù sa dágat, My ailment has kept me from bathing in the sea. walay — not avoiding things, esp. in eating. Wà siyay alà. Mukáun bisag unsa, He’s not choosy. He’ll eat anything. paN-(←) v 1 [A; b] for pregnant women to conceive an intense desire for or dislike for s.t. Si Íli nangálà sa ímung ilung, básin pag muliwat ang bátà, Ely has a great liking for your nose. Maybe her baby will get that nose. Manggang hilaw ang íyang gipangaláan, She had an intense craving for green mangoes. 2 [A] be in the early months of pregnancy. Bag-u pa siyang nanganak, nangálà na pud, She just had a baby, but she’s pregnant again.