ABBREVIATIONS

DATES

DATES are not usually abbreviated in writing or in regular text matter; but when necessary the following rules may be followed:

1. Do not use st, d, rd, or th after a date given in figures; e.g., June 3, not June 3d or 3rd. If a date is spelled out, the rule is as follows: e.g., June the third, not June three.

2. Do not use ult., inst., or prox., but always name the month: e.g., Oct. 25, not 25th ult., Nov. 10, not 10th inst.

3. Use generally accepted abbreviations for the names of months when the day of the month is also given, and prefer dates in order of day, month, and year: e.g., 7 Jan., 1912. When the name of the month is used alone or followed only by the year, do not abbreviate: e.g., February, 1912, not Feb., 1912.

4. For ordinary purposes use these as the generally accepted abbreviations for the months and days of the week:

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Sun.

Mon.

Tues.

Wed.

Thurs.

Fri.

Sat.

5. In tables and wherever matter must be greatly condensed use the Dewey dates, {66} which are the briefest possible without ambiguity, in the order of (a) day of week, (b) day of month, (c) month, (d) year. These abbreviations are not desirable except in tabular matter.

Ja.

F.

Mr.

Ap.

My.

Je.

Ju.

Ag.

S.

O.

N.

D.

Sn.

M.

Tu.

W.

Th.

F.

St.

PROPER NAMES

1. Abbreviate company in firm names: e.g., John Brown & Co.

2. Spell out names of companies, railroads, etc., using the ampersand (&) only between proper names: e.g., Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company; Norfolk & Western Railroad; but American Smelting and Refining Company. If names of railroads are abbreviated, use no space between the letters: e.g., N.Y., N.H. & H.R.R.

3. Abbreviate United States when immediately associated with the name of an officer of the army or navy, as Lieut. John Doe, U.S.A.; when it is the name of an organization of the army or navy, as First Regiment U.S.V.; when preceding the name of a government vessel, as U.S.S. Brooklyn.

4. In referring to plays, specify act, scene, and line, also part if necessary: e.g., 2 Henry IV, I, ii, 1–7.

5. Christian names should be spelled in full, as John, George, Charles, except in an {67} original signature, or when following copy in a quotation.

6. When necessary to abbreviate Christian names, use the forms Dan., Edw., Sam., Thos., etc. Alex, Ben, Ed, and Sam are not always abbreviations, and copy should be followed as regards period. Use the following list:

Alex. Alexander

And. Andrew

Anth. Anthony

Ap. Appius

Arch. Archibald

Aug. August, Augustus

Benj. Benjamin

C. Caesar

Caes. Aug. Caesar Augustus

Cath. Catherine

Chas. Charles

Dan. Daniel

Eben. Ebenezer

Edm. Edmund

Edw. Edward

Eliz. Elizabeth

Esd. Esdras

Esth. Esther

Ez. Ezra

Ezek. Ezekiel

Ferd. Ferdinand

Fran. Francis

Fred. Frederic, Frederick

Geo. George

Herbt. Herbert

Hos. Hosea

Jas. James

Jona. Jonathan

Jos. Joseph

Josh. Joshua

Matt. Matthew

Nath. Nathaniel

Pet. Peter

Phil. Philip, Philander

Philem. Philemon

Reg. Reginald

Richd. Richard

Robt. Robert

Sam. Samuel

Theo. Theodore

Thos. Thomas

Tim. Timothy

Wm. William

TITLES

1. In ordinary body matter use generally accepted abbreviations of titles when they are immediately prefixed to names.

2. Do not abbreviate a title used as part of a name: e.g., Bishop Lawrence, not Bp. Lawrence.

3. Such titles as Mr., Mrs., Messrs., Gen., Dr., Hon., Rev., when prefixed to names, may be abbreviated; but Colonel, Major, Professor, President, ex-President, etc., are better spelled in full. Compound titles, such as Major-General, Lieutenant-Colonel, Rear-Admiral, etc., should also be spelled and both {69} words capitalized. Where a person has been mentioned by name and title, and is afterward mentioned by title only, the title should be capitalized. Where initials of a name are used, abbreviate the title: e.g., Col. T. G. Benson, of the Second Illinois Regiment, has returned from Havana. The Colonel’s friends gave him a warm reception.

4. When the names of sovereigns of a country are mentioned only occasionally, such names may be given in full: e.g., George the Fifth, Charles the First. When such names occur frequently, they may be printed with roman numerals without a period: e.g., George V, Charles I

5. The following is a full list of the usual abbreviations:

A.B. or B.A. (Artium Baccalaureus) Bachelor of Arts

Abp. Archbishop

A.C. Archchancellor

A.D. Archduke

A.D.C. Aide-de-camp

Adjt. Adjutant

Adm. Admiral

Admr. Administrator

Admx., Admrx. Administratrix

Adv. Advocate

Agt. Agent

Aldm. Alderman

A.M. or M.A. (Artium Magister) Master of Arts

Amb. Ambassador

A.P.A. American Protective Association

Asst. Assistant

A.T. Archtreasurer

Atty. Attorney

B.A. or A.B. Bachelor of Arts

Bart. Baronet

B.C.L. Bachelor of Civil Law

B.D. (Baccalaureus Divinitatis) Bachelor of Divinity

B.LL. (Baccalaureus Legum) Bachelor of Laws

B.M. (Baccalaureus Medicinae) Bachelor of Medicine

Bp. Bishop

B.R. (Banco Regis or Reginae) the King’s or Queen’s Bench

Brig.-Gen. Brigadier-General

Bro(s). Brother(s)

B.S. Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Surgery

B.V. (Beata Virgo) Blessed Virgin

Cantab. (Cantabrigia) Cambridge

Capt. Captain

Capt.-Gen. Captain-General

Cash. Cashier

C.B. Companion of the Bath

C.C.P. Court of Common Pleas

C.E. Civil Engineer

C.J. Chief Justice

C.M.G. Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George

Col. Colonel

Com. Commander, Commodore

Cor. Sec. Corresponding Secretary

Corp. Corporal

C.S. Court of Sessions

C.S. (Custos Sigilli) Keeper of the Seal

D.C.L. Doctor of Civil Law

D.D. Doctor of Divinity

D.D.S. Doctor of Dental Surgery

Dea. Deacon

Dep. Deputy

D.F. Defender of the Faith

D.M. Doctor of Music

Dr. Doctor

D.Sc. Doctor of Science

D.T. (Doctor Theologiae) Doctor of Divinity

D.V.M. or M.D.V. Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

E. (after titles) Edinburgh

Esq. Esquire

F.D. (Fidei Defensor) Defender of the Faith

F.G.S. Fellow of the Geological Society

Fr. Father

F.R.G.S. Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society

F.R.S. Fellow of the Royal Society

F.R.S.A. Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts

F.S.A. Fellow of the Society of Arts

G.C.B. Knight of the Grand Cross of the Bath

G.C.H. Knight of the Grand Cross of Hanover

G.C.M.G. Knight of the Grand Cross, Order of St. Michael and St. George

Gen. General

Gov. Governor

Govt. Government

G.R. (Georgius Rex) King George

H.B.M. His or Her Britannic Majesty

H.M. His or Her Majesty

H.M.S. His or Her Majesty’s Service

Hon. Honorable

H.R. House of Representatives

H.R.E. Holy Roman Emperor

H.R.H. His or Her Royal Highness

H.S.H. His or Her Serene Highness

I.N.R.I. (Jesus Nazarenus Rex Judaeorum) Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews

Insp. Inspector

Insp. Gen. Inspector General

I.O.O.F. Independent Order of Odd Fellows

J.A. Judge-Advocate

J.P. Justice of the Peace

J. Prob. Judge of the Probate

Jr. or Jun. Junior

K. King

K.A. Knight of St. Andrew, in Russia

K.A.N. Knight of Alexander Newski, in Russia

K.B. King’s Bench; Knight of the Bath

K.B.A. Knight of St. Bento d’Avis, in Portugal

K.B.E. Knight of the Black Eagle, in Prussia

K.C. King’s Council; Knight of the Crescent, in Turkey

K.C.B. Knight Commander of the Bath

K.C.H. Knight Commander of Hanover

K.C.M.G. Knight Commander of Order of St. Michael and St. George

K.C.S. Knight of Charles III, in Spain

K.E. Knight of the Elephant, in Denmark

K.F. Knight of Ferdinand of Spain

K.F.M. Knight of Ferdinand and Merit, in Sicily

K.G. Knight of the Garter

K.G.C. Knight of the Grand Cross

K.G.C.B. Knight of the Grand Cross of the Bath

K.G.F. Knight of the Golden Fleece

K.G.H. Knight of the Guelph of Hanover

K.G.V. Knight of Gustavus Vasa of Sweden

K.H. Knight of Hanover

K.J. Knight of St. Joachim

K.L.H. Knight of the Legion of Honor

K.M. Knight of Malta

K. Mess. King’s Messenger

K.M.H. Knight of Merit, in Holstein

K.M.J. Knight of Maximilian Joseph of Bavaria

K.M.T. Knight of Maria Theresa of Austria

K.N.S. Knight of the Royal North Star, in Sweden

K.P. Knight of St. Patrick

K.R.E. Knight of the Red Eagle, in Prussia

K.S. Knight of the Sword, in Sweden

K.S.A. Knight of St. Anne of Russia

K.S.E. Knight of St. Esprit, in France

K.S.F. Knight of St. Fernando of Spain

K.S.F.M. Knight of St. Ferdinand and Merit, in Naples

K.S.G. Knight of St. George of Russia

K.S.H. Knight of St. Hubert of Bavaria

K.S.J. Knight of St. Janarius of Naples

K.S.L. Knight of the Sun and Lion, in Persia

K.S.M. & S.G. Knight of St. Michael and St. George of the Ionian Isles

K.S.P. Knight of St. Stanislaus of Poland

K.S.S. Knight of the Southern Star of the Brazils; Knight of the Sword, in Sweden

K.S.W. Knight of St. Wladimir of Russia

Kt. Knight

K.T. Knight of the Thistle

K.T.S. Knight of the Tower and Sword, in Portugal

K.W. Knight of William of the Netherlands

K.W.E. Knight of the White Eagle, in Poland

L. (after titles) London

L.C. Lord Chancellor

L.C.J. Lord Chief Justice

Leg. Legate

Legis. Legislature

Lieut. Lieutenant

Lieut.-Col. Lieutenant-Colonel

Lieut.-Gen. Lieutenant-General

Litt.D. (Litterarum Doctor) Doctor of Literature

LL.B. (Legum Baccalaureus) Bachelor of Laws

LL.D. (Legum Doctor) Doctor of Laws

M. Monsieur

M.A. Master of Arts

Maj. Major

Maj.-Gen. Major-General

M.B. (Medicinae Baccalaureus) Bachelor of Medicine; (Musicae Baccalaureus) Bachelor of Music

M.C. Member of Congress

M.D. (Medicinae Doctor) Doctor of Medicine

Messrs. Messieurs

Mgr. Manager; Monsignor

Min. Plen. Minister Plenipotentiary

Mlle. Mademoiselle

Mme. Madame

M.P. Member of Parliament

M.R. Master of the Rolls

Mr. Mister or Master

Mrs. Mistress

Mus. Doc. Doctor of Music

Oxon. (Oxonensis) Oxford

P.C. (Patres Con­scrip­ti) Con­script Fath­ers; Sen­a­tors; Privy Coun­sel­lor

Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy

Ph.G. Graduate in Pharmacy

P.M. Postmaster

P.M.G. Postmaster-General

P.R.A. President of the Royal Academy

Pres. President

Prof. Professor

Prov. Provost

P.R.S. President of the Royal Society

Q. Queen

Q.M. Quartermaster

R.A. Royal Academician

R.E. Royal Engineers

Reg. Prof. Regius Professor

Rev. Reverend

R.M. Royal Marines

R.N. Royal Navy

R.N.O. (Riddare af Nordstjerneorden) Knight of the Order of Polar Star

R.S.S. (Regiae Societatis Socius) Fellow of the Royal Society

Rt. Hon. Right Honorable

Rt. Rev. Right Reverend

Rt. Wpful. Right Worshipful

R.W. Right Worthy

R.W.O. (Riddare af Wasa Orden) Knight of the Order of Wasa

Sec. Secretary

Sec. Leg. Secretary of Legation

Serg. Sergeant

Serg.-Maj. Sergeant-Major

S.J. Society of Jesus

S.J.C. Supreme Judicial Court

Sol. Solicitor

Sol.-Gen. Solicitor-General

Sr., Sen. Senior

S.R.S. (Societatis Regiae Socius) Fellow of the Royal Society

S.T.D. (Sacrae Theologiae Doctor) Doctor of Divinity

S.T.P. (Sacrae Theologiae Professor) Professor of Divinity

St. Saint, Street

Supt. Superintendent

Tr(s). Trustee(s)

Treas. Treasurer

U.J.C. (Utriusque Juris Doctor) Doctor of both Laws

V.C. Vice-Chancellor

V.D.M. (Verbi Dei Minister) Preacher of the Word

Vice-Pres. Vice-President

Visc. Viscount

W.S. Writer to the Signet

{76} 6. COMMERCIAL ABBREVIATIONS

A1 Highest class or grade

Acct. Account

Advt., Ad. Advertisement

Agt. Agent

Amt. Amount

Anon. Anonymous

Ans. Answer

Art. Article

Av., Ave. Avenue

Bal. Balance

Bd. Bound

Bdl. Bundle

Bds. Boards

Bldg. Building

B.O. Buyer’s Option

Bro(s). Brother; Brothers

Chap. Chapter

C.I.F. Cost, insurance, freight

Co. Company

C.O.D. Cash on Delivery

Cr. Creditor

Dept. Department

Do. Ditto, the same

Dr. Debtor

E.E. Errors excepted

E.O.D. Every other day

E. & O.E. Errors and omissions excepted

Etc. (Et cetera) and so forth

Ex., Exch. Exchange

Exp. Express

Fgt. Freight

F.O.B. Free on board

H. Hour

H.P. Half pay, horse-power

Incor. Incorporated

Ins. Insurance

K.D. Knock down (of furniture, etc.)

L.P. Large paper

Memo. Memorandum

Mfg. Manufacturing

Mfr. Manufacturer

Min. Minute

No. (numero) number

O.K. All right

Payt. Payment

Pd. Paid

Per an. (Per annum) by the year

Per cent. (Per centum) by the hundred

Pkg. Package

Pl. Plate, plates

Pref. Preface

Rd. Road

Rem. Remarks

Rep. Reports

R.R. Railroad

Ry. Railway

Ser. Series

Sq. Square

S.S. Steamship, steamer

T.F. Till forbidden

7. GEOGRAPHICAL ABBREVIATIONS

Ala. Alabama

Alaska Alaska

Ariz. Arizona

Ark. Arkansas

Austral. Australasia

B.A. British America

Br. Col. British Columbia

Cal. California

Can. Canada

C.B. Cape Breton

Colo. Colorado

Conn. Connecticut

C.W. Canada West (Ontario)

D.C. District of Columbia

Del. Delaware

Den. Denmark

E. East (London Postal District)

East Isl. Eastern Islands

E.C. East Central (London Postal District)

E.I. East Indies

Eng. England, English

Fin. Finland

Fla. Florida

Ga. Georgia

G.B. Great Britain

Glas. Glasgow

H.I. Hawaiian Islands

Ia. Iowa

Idaho Idaho

Ill. Illinois

Ind. Indiana

Ind. Ter. Indian Territory (now Oklahoma)

Ire. Ireland

It. Italy

Jam. Jamaica

Jap. Japan

Kan. Kansas

Ky. Kentucky

La. Louisiana

L.C. Lower Canada

Man. Manitoba

Mass. Massachusetts

Md. Maryland

Me. Maine

Mex. Mexico

Mich. Michigan

Minn. Minnesota

Miss. Mississippi

Mo. Missouri

Mont. Montana

N. North (London Postal District)

N.A. North America

N.B. New Brunswick; North Britain (Scotland)

N.C. North Carolina

N. Dak. North Dakota

N.E. New England; Northeast (London Postal District)

Neb. Nebraska

Neth. Netherlands

Nev. Nevada

N.F. Newfoundland

N.H. New Hampshire

N.J. New Jersey

N. Mex. New Mexico

N.S. Nova Scotia

N.W. Northwest (London Postal District)

N.Y. New York

N.Y.C. New York City

N. Zeal. New Zealand

O. Ohio

Okla. Oklahoma

Ont. Ontario

Ore. Oregon

Pa. Pennsylvania

Pal. Palestine

P.D. Postal District (London)

P.E.I. Prince Edward Island

Per. Persia

Phila. Philadelphia

P.I. Philippine Islands

Port. Portugal

P.R. Porto Rico

Prus. Prussia

Que. Quebec

R.A. Russian America (now Alaska)

R.I. Rhode Island

Russ. Russia

S. South (London Postal District)

S.A. South America

S.C. South Carolina

Scot. Scotland

Sc. Pen. Scandinavian Peninsula

S. Dak. South Dakota

S. E. Southeast (London Postal District)

Sic. Sicily

S. Isl. Sandwich Islands

Soc. Isl. Society Islands

S. lat. South latitude

Sp. Spain

Sw. Sweden

Switz. Switzerland

Syr. Syria

Tenn. Tennessee

Tex. Texas

U.C. Upper Canada (Ontario)

U.K. United Kingdom

U.S. United States

U.S.A. United States of America

Utah Utah

V. Victoria

Va. Virginia

Vt. Vermont

W. Welsh, West; West (London Postal District)

Wash. Washington

W.C. West Central (London Postal District)

W.I. West Indies

W. lon. West longitude

W. Va. West Virginia

Wis. Wisconsin

Wyo. Wyoming

8. MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS

A.C. (Ante Christum) before Christ

A.D. (Anno Domini) in the year of our Lord

Ad lib. (Ad libitum) at pleasure

Adj. Adjective

Adv. Adverb

Aet. (Aetatis) of age, aged

A.H. (Anno Hegirae) in the year of the Hegira

Alt. Altitude

A.M. (Anno Mundi) in the year of the world; (Ante Meridiem) before noon

An. (Anno) in the year

An. A.C. (Anno ante Christum) in the year before Christ

Anat. Anatomy

Anc. Ancient

Ang.-Sax. Anglo-Saxon

Anom. Anomalous

Anon. Anonymous

Ap. Apostle

Apo. Apogee

Apoc. Apocalypse, Apocrypha

A.R. (Anno regni) in the year of the reign

Arch. Architecture

A.R.R. (Anno regni regis) in the year of the reign of the king

Arr. Arrival

Art. Article

Assoc., Assn. Association

Astrol. Astrology

Astron. Astronomy

A.U.C. (anno urbis conditae) in the year of the building of the city (Rome)

Auth. Ver. or A.V. Authorized Version (of the Bible)

Av. Average

Ave. Avenue

B. (Basso) Bass; bay; born

B.C. Before Christ

Boul. Boulevard

B.V. (Bene Vale) Farewell

C. Cape

Caet. par. (Caeteris paribus) other things being equal

Cap. (Caput) Chapter

C. or Cent. Centigrade

Cf. (confer) compare

Ch. Child or children

C.H. Court House

Chap. Chapter

Circ. Circle(s)

Cit. Citizen

Col. Column

Coll. College

Comp. Companion; comparative

Cong. Congress

C.Q.D. Marconi distress signal

D.B. Domesday Book

D.C. (Da Capo) From the beginning; again

Dec. Declination

Deg. Degree(s)

Del. (Delineavit) he drew it

Dem. Democrat

D.G. (Dei gratia) by the grace of God; (Deo gratias) thanks to God

D.V. (Deo volente) God willing

E. East; Eagle(s)

Ea. Each

E.B. English Bible (common)

Ed. Editor, Edition

E.E. Errors excepted

E.g. (Exempli gratia) by way of example

Elec. Electricity

E.N.E. East-northeast

Ent. Entomology

E.S.E. East-southeast

Et al. (Et alibi) and elsewhere; (et alii) and others

Etc. (Et caetera) and so forth

Et seq. (Et sequentia) the following

Ex. Example

Exc. Exception

F., Fahr. Fahrenheit (thermometer)

Fec. (Fecit) he made it

Fem. or f. Feminine

Fig.(s) Figure(s)

Finn. Finnish

Fol. or f., ff. Folio(s)

For. Foreign

Ft. Fort

Gent. Gentleman

Ger. German

Goth. Gothic

Gr. Greek

H. Husband

Hdkf. Handkerchief

H.e. (Hoc est) that is, or, this is

Hist. History, Historical

H.J.S. (Hic jacet sepultus) here lies buried

H.M.P. (Hoc monumentum posuit) erected this monument

H.R.I.P. (Hic requiescit in pace) here lies in peace

H.S. (Hic situs) here lies

Ibid., Ib. (Ibidem) in the same place

Id. (Idem) the same

I.e. (Id est) that is

I.H.S. First letters of ΙΗΣΟΥΣ, Greek for Jesus12

Illus. Illustrated

Imp. Imperative (mood)

Incog. (Incognito) unknown

Indef. Indefinite

Indic. Indicative (mood)

Infin. Infinitive (mood)

In lim. (In limine) at the outset

In loc. (In loco) in the place

Inst. (Instante) the current month

Int. Interest

Interj. Interjection

In trans. (In transitu) on the passage

Ion. Ionic

Ir. Irish

Irreg. Irregular

Isl. Island

Ital. Italic

Itin. Itinerary

J.H.S. See I.H.S.

Jour. Journal

Lat. Latin, latitude

L.c. (Loco citato) in the place cited

L.l. (Loco laudato) in the place quoted

Lon. or Long. Longitude

L.S. (Locus sigilli) place of the seal

LXX The Septuagint

M. (Meridies) noon

M. Married

Mem. Memorandum, Memoranda

Mgr. Manager

Misc. Miscellaneous

Mo.(s) Month, months

M.S. (Memoriae sacrum) sacred to the memory

MS. (Manuscriptum) manuscript

MSS. Manuscripts

Mt. Mount, Mont

Myth. Mythology

N. Noun; note(s)

Nat. National

Naut. Nautical

N.B. (Nota Bene) note well

Nem. con. or nem. diss. (Nemine contradicente or nemine dissentiente) none opposing

N.l. (Non liquet) it does not appear

N. lat. North latitude

N.N.E. North-northeast

N.N.W. North-northwest

Nom. Nominative

Nol. pros. (Nolle prosequi) indicates in law that a complaint will not be prosecuted

N.S. New Style (after 1752)

N.T. New Testament

N.u. name(s) unknown

N.V.M. Nativity of the Virgin Mary

N.W. Northwest

Ob. (Obiit) he or she died

Obj. Objective (case)

Obs. Obsolete

O.F. Odd Fellow(s)

Olym. Olympiad

O.H.M.S. On His Majesty’s Service

Op. Opposite

O.S. Old Style (before 1752)

O.T. Old Testament

P. or pp. Page or pages

Par. or ¶ Paragraph

Par. Pas. Parallel Passage(s)

Parl. Parliament

Part. Participle

Partic. Particle

Pass. Passive (voice)

Pen. Peninsula

Pent. Pentecost

Perf. Perfect (tense)

Pers. Person

Pers. pron. Personal Pronoun

Persp. Perspective

Phil. Philosophy

Pinx. (Pinxit) he painted it

Pl. Plate(s)

Plur. Plural

Plup. Pluperfect

Plff. Plaintiff

P.M. (Post meridiem) afternoon to midnight

P.O. Post-office

Pop. Population

Posit. Positive

P.p. Past participle

P.P.C. (Pour prendre congé) to take leave

P. pr. Participle present

Pro tem. (Pro tempore) for the time being

P.R. (Populus Romanus) the Roman people

Pret. Preterite tense

Pron. Pronoun

Pr. p. Present participle

Pref. Preface

P.S. Privy Seal

P.T.O. Please turn over

Pt. Point

Pub. Publisher

Pub. Doc. Public Document(s)

Q. Question

Q.B. Queen’s Bench

Q.C. Queen’s College; Queen’s Council

Q.d. (Quasi dicat) as if he should say; (Quasi dictum) as if said; (Quasi dixisset) as if he had said

Q.E. (Quod est) which is

Q.E.D. (Quod erat demonstrandum) which was to be proved

Q.E.F. (Quod erat faciendum) which was to be done

Q.l. (Quantum libet) as much as you please

Q. Mess. Queen’s Messenger

Qm. (Quomodo) by what means, how

Q.p. or q. pl. (Quantum placet) as much as you please

Qr. Quarter

Q.s. (Quantum sufficit) a sufficient quantity

Q.v. (Quantum vis) as much as you will

Q.v. (Quod vide) which see

Qy. Query

R., Reaum Reaumur (thermometer)

R. (Regina) Queen; (Rex) King

Rem. Remark(s)

R.A. Royal Academy; Royal Academician; Royal Artillery

R. E. Royal Engineers

Recd. Received

Rect. Rector

Ref. Reformation; Reformed

Ref. Ch. Reformed Church

Ref. Reference

Regr. Registrar

Regt. Regiment

Rel. pron. Relative Pronoun

Rep. Representative

Repub. Republican

R.M. Royal Marines

R.N. Royal Navy

Ro. (Recto) right-hand page

Rom. Cath. Roman Catholic

R.P. (Res Publica) Republic

Ru. Runic

S. Solo (in Italian music); South

S. SS. Section(s), Saint(s)

S.a. (Secundum artem) according to art

Sax. Saxon

S.C. (Senatus consultum) a decree of the Senate

S.C (in law) same case

Sch. Schooner(s)

Schol. (Scholium) a note

Sci. Science

Sculp. (Sculpsit) he engraved

S.E. Southeast

Sen. Senate; Senator

Seq. or sq. (Sequente) and in what follows

Seqq. or sqq. (Sequentibus) and in the following (places)

Ser. Series

Shak. Shakspere

Sing. Singular (number)

S.J.C. Supreme Judicial Court

S. lat. South latitude

S.O.S. Marconi distress signal

S.P. (Sine prole) without issue

Sp. gr. Specific gravity

S.P.Q.R. (Senatus Populusque Romanus) the Senate and the Roman People

S.R.I. (Sacrum Romanum Imperium) the Holy Roman Empire

S.R.S. (Societatis Regiae Socius) Fellow of the Royal Society

S.S. Sunday School

S.S.E. South-southeast

S.S.W. South-southwest

St. Saint; street

Stat. Statute(s)

Ster. Sterling

Subj. Subjunctive

Subst. Substantive

Su.-Goth. Suio-Gothic

Super. Superfine

Superl. Superlative

S.W. Southwest

T. Tenor (in music); (Tutti) the whole orchestra, after a solo

Ter. Territory

Term. Termination

Theor. Theorem

Tr. Translator; transpose

Um. Unmarried

Univ. University

U.S.A. United States Army

U.S.M. United States Mail

U.S.N. United States Navy

U.S.S. United States Ship

U.s. (Ut supra) as above

Vat. Vatican

V.a. Verb active

V. aux. Verb auxiliary

V. def. Verb defective

V. dep. Verb deponent

Ven. Venerable

V.g. (Verbi gratiâ) for example

V. imp. Verb impersonal

V. in Verb intransitive

V. irr. Verb irregular

V. n. Verb neuter

Vo. (Verso) left-hand page

Voc. Vocative

Vol. Volume

V. r. Verb reflexive

V. tr. Verb transitive

V. Vulgate (Version)

W. West; wife

W. lon. West longitude

W.N.W. West-northwest

W.S.W. West-southwest

Xmas Christmas

Zoöl. Zoölogy

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9. SCRIPTURAL ABBREVIATIONS

OLD TESTAMENT (O. T.)

Gen.

Exod.

Lev.

Num.

Deut.

Josh.

Judg.

Ruth

I and II Sam.

I and II Kings

I and II Chron.

Ezra

Neh.

Esth.

Job

Ps. (Pss.)

Prov.

Eccles.

Song of Sol. (or Cant.)

Isa.

Jer.

Lam.

Ezek.

Dan.

Hos.

Joel

Amos

Obad.

Jonah

Mic.

Nah.

Hab.

Zeph.

Hag.

Zech.

Mal.

NEW TESTAMENT (N. T.)

Matt.

Mark

Luke

John

Acts

Rom.

I and II Cor.

Gal.

Eph.

Phil.

Col.

I and II Thess.

I and II Tim.

Titus

Philem.

Heb.

Jas.

I and II Pet.

I, II, and III John

Jude

Rev.

APOCRYPHA

I and II Esd.

Tob. = Tobit

Jud. = Judith

Rest of Esther

Wisd. of Sol.

Eccles.

Bar.

Song of Three Children

Sus.

Bel and Dragon

Pr. of Man.

I, II, II, and IV Macc.

10. MONETARY SIGNS

$ Dollar or dollars

cts. Cents

gn. Guinea

£ (English) Pound or pounds

∠ or s. Shilling or shillings

d. (Denarius) penny or pence

fr. Franc or francs

c. (French) Centime or centimes

m. Mark or marks

pf. Pfennig or pfennigs

cr. (Austrian) Crown or crowns

hr. Heller or hellers

rub. Ruble or rubles

kop. Kopec or kopecs

kr. (Danish) Crown or crowns

öro, öre Oro or öre

£ (Italian) Lira or lire

c. (Italian) Centesimo or centesimi

11. MATHEMATICAL SIGNS

+ Plus

− Minus

± Plus or minus

Minus or plus

× Multiplied by13

÷ Divided by

= Equal to

≠ Not equal to

≡ Identical with

Not identical with

≅ Congruent to

Greater than

Less than

The difference between

Is equivalent to

∫ Integration

: and : : Proportion

∝ Varies as

Approaches as a limit

∞ Infinity

∴ Therefore

Because

… Continuation

√ The radical sign

⊥ Perpendicular to

Factorial sign

Parallel

Arc of circle

° Degree of circle

′ Minute of circle

″ Second of circle

∠ Angle

Right angle

Square

Rectangle

Parallelogram

Triangle

12. MEDICAL SIGNS

āā (ἀνά) of each

(Recipe) take

, i Ounce, one ounce

ss Half an ounce

iss One ounce and a half

ij Two ounces

Drachm

Scruple

(Octavius) Pint

Fluid ounce

Fluid drachm

m. Minim or drop

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