INDEX

A B C D E F G

H I J K L M N

O P R S T V W

A

Abstract and general ideas in lower culture, 99-102, 163-4;

personified, 168

Actor and Wizard, 272-3

Adaptation, 30, 67

Affection for the dead, 179

Aggressiveness, 43

Agriculture, neolithic, 50;

as affecting natural selection, 64

Allen, Grant, on plant-spirits, 167

Analogy, 97-8

Animals give Omens, 236

Animatism, 120, 149, 151, 157

Animism, 35;

evil effects of, 67;

good effects, 69;

Chap. V. (145-86), see Contents;

and Magic and Common-sense, 110;

extended to plants and lifeless things, 150-3;

development of, 183-4;

deception in, 185;

how related to Magic, Chap. VI. (187-284), see Contents;

political advantage over Magic, 255;

and Totemism, 319-25;

and Science, 341;

and Fine Art, 341;

and Philosophy, 342

Anthropoids, habitat of, 5;

mentality and habits, 31-2;

skull capacity, 50;

character, 61

Apperceptive mass of Science and Common-sense, 81;

of Magic and Animism, 82, 126

Arbitrary Magic, 133, 142;

taboos, 133;

myths, 168

Archer, W., Masks and Faces, 273 n.

Asia, southern, probable locus of Man’s origin, 23-4

Astrology, 239, 242, 335

Atkinson, J. J., on Primal Law, 38, 306

Avebury on making fire, 11;

baking clay, 13;

omens and Magic, 233 n.

B

Baboons, 58

Belief, Chap. III. (71-107), see Contents

Belt, Th., on hairless dogs, 15;

habits of monkeys sleeping, 17

Berkeley on causality, 191

Black Magic, 107, 125, 129, 135-6, 139, 196, 211, 255, 287

Boas, Franz, on savage language, 100;

on Totemism, 298

Bogoras on the Shaman, 285

Book of Daniel, 219

Brain development in Man, 7, 26, 50;

in child and savage, 91

Brehm on baboons, 58

Bryant, E. T., on South African diviners, neurotic, 274

Buddhist karma, 175

Burton, R., on Moslem corpse, 170

Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy on drugs, 329

Butler, J., on Conscience, 64

C

Callaway on chiefs and diviners, 254

Cannibalism, 18

Canteleu, C. de, on wolves, 42

Casalis on Bassoutos, 251

Cats in the Oligocene, etc., 26

Causation tacitly assumed by savages, 101;

confused with coincidence, 101, 122;

implied in Magic, 113;

how the idea affected by Animism and Magic, 123;

origin of idea, 188-92;

its slow development, 338

Causes of belief, 80-4

Chadwick on treatment of Teutonic gods, 278

Charms, 111, 113, 130-1, 198

Chaucer on the Doctour of Phisik, 329

Cheiromancy, 239

Chief’s taboo, 132

Chronology of geologic ages, 3, 49

Cicero on the Delphic Oracle, 242;

on the Augurs, 248

Coddrington on savage thought, 89;

in Banks Islands, 149;

on buto, 322

Coincidence confused with causation, 101;

source of belief in Magic, 116-8, 124, 136, 193;

in Omens, 231-2;

confirms Wizard’s pretensions, 290-1

Common-sense, 67;

its limitations, 69, 292;

unlike superstition, 72, 110;

makes sceptics, 281-2, 291;

forced upon Wizard, 282-3;

relation to Magic and Science, 327, 337

Comparative Method, 304

Comte on early hunting life of Man, 4 n.;

on stages of culture, 108-9

Confucius on attitude toward spirits, 196

Conkling, E. S., on superstitious beliefs among students, 115 n.

Conscience, growth of, 62-4

Constructive impulse in anthropoids and men, 53

Contra-suggestibility, 84

Co-operation, in hunting, 8;

the ground of language, 9;

amongst wolves, 45

Criticism of beliefs hindered by relative dissociation, 90

Crystal a Magic source, 245, 263 n.

Cushing, T. H., on dramaturgic Magic, 142 n.

Czaplicka, A. M., on Siberian shaman, 270, 272, 274

D

Darwin, C., on teeth and jaws of Man, 7;

on sexual selection as cause of naked skin, 14;

on vermin as possible cause, 16;

on growth of moral sense, 63

De Divinatione, 227, 232

Deniker on races of Men, 20

Desire as cause of belief, 83

Diderot on actors, 273

Diet of Primates and hunters, 2

Differentiation of Man began in the Oligocene, 3, and note;

of Omens from other Magic, 232-3

Diviners, 234, 238, 240, 241, 247, 249

Dogs, naked varieties, 16;

primitive, 25;

likeness to Man, 40, 43, 44, 46, 57, 64

Dorsey, J. O., on Dakotas, 138, 149;

on Omaha, 146

Dramatic Magic, 134-5

Dreams and ghosts, 153-6, 159;

and Omens, 237, 245 n.

Durkheim on Totem divinities, 319

E

Edda, 183

Ellis, W., on spirit-food, 162;

on Religion in Raiatea, 206, 220;

the idol-maker, 280

Emotion as cause of belief, 83, 86;

in religion, 185, 186

Emulation within the pack, 44;

in games, business, etc., 59

Endogamy, 307

Eoanthropus, 49, 55, 66, 67

Eoliths, 50, 53

Epictetus on divination, 248

Erect gait of Man, 5

Evil eye, 128

Exemplary Magic, 140-2, 336

Exogamy and Totems and Marriage Classes, 295, 305, 307-11

External soul, 173

F

Fate and Magic, 223;

and Omens, 235, 249;

and Causation, 249-50

Fear a cause of superstition, 83;

gives power to ghosts, 123;

of the dead, 178-9

Feeling as cause of belief, 83

Fetichism, 108

Fire, how first made, 11

Force, idea of, 100-1, 119-22, 163;

force and ghosts, 197-8;

in Magic and Science, 326-7

Forms of thought in primitive mind, 94, 95

Fowler, Ward, on Iguvian Magic, 202, 203;

on Roman prayers, 205, 221

Fraud, in what sense attributed to Wizards, 284

Frazer, J. G., on Magic and Animism, 109;

on driving out ghosts, 179 n.;

on Magic and Religion, 193, 195;

on power of Wizard, 284;

on Totemism, 293, 299, 304;

first Hypothesis on Totemism, 313;

on Grass-seed Rites, 317;

second Hypothesis on Totemism, 317;

on Zoolatry, 324

Free-will and Animism, 223

Freud on Totem und Tabu, 38

Funerary rites, extravagance and economy, 180;

and Religion, 320

G

Galton, F., on dog and man, 40;

moroseness of savages, 46

Garner, R. L., on speech of chimpanzee, 9;

on polygamy of apes, 32 n.

General ideas at savage level, Chap. III. § 7;

present though unnamed, 100

Generic consciousness of Primates, 30

Gesture, 54, 100, 121;

and Magic, 129

Ghosts and spirits alike, 169;

how imagined, 169, 173;

and corpse, 170;

may die or be killed, 176;

their way of life, 177, 183;

easily deceived, 181;

and Magic, 199

Ghost-theory, 163-7;

extended to animals, 157-60;

and soul-stuff, 161-4;

and spirits, 164-9

Gibbon on fanatics, 287

Gods from tools, etc., 152;

from plants and meteors, 166-7;

from abstract ideas, 168;

subject to death, 176;

act by Magic, 213-5;

controlled by Magic, 219-23;

teach Magic, 309, 310;

from ancestors, 69, 255;

and Totems, 321-4

Gregariousness, 8, 34, 42

Grimm, J., on divine power, 215

H

Haddon, A. C., on Magic in Torres Straits, 127, 141, 150, 256;

on treatment of Wizard, 265;

Totemism, 299

Hallucination, 89, 92, 155

Hartland, E. S., 121 n.

Hartmann, R., on character of anthropoids, 61

Hegel on sorcery, 194 n.

Hepatoscopy, 239

Herd-life, the character it develops, 48

Herodotus on the army of Xerxes, 51;

on Egyptian prediction, 193;

on Persian law, 219;

on Omens, 225, 232;

on Dreams, 237, 241, 242

Hirn, Yrjö, on sympathetic Magic, 138;

Magic and Religion, 253

History of Human Marriage, 308-9

Hodson, T. C., on a Tanghul sceptic, 281

Hose and McDougall on Pagan tribes of Borneo, 124

Howitt, A. W., prowess in kidney-fat, 245;

on Medicine Man, 271;

to cure headache, 332

Hudson, W. H., on wolves, 44;

on dogs, 45

Humanity, growth of the sentiments, 61-2

Hume, J., Natural History of Religion, 108;

on future life, 177;

on causation, 190, 191

Hunting-life, influence of, 1, 2, Chap. I. §§ 2, 3 (see Contents), 33, 35, 37, 39, Chap. II. § 4 (see Contents);

on intelligence, 47, 66

Hunting-pack, its organisation, 36, 41, 45;

organisation lost, 68, 69

Hutton, J. J. H., on Leopard men, 214 n.

Hyperphysical Animism, 145, 150

I

Iliad, 183, 279

Images or mental pictures, 73;

vivid in savages and children, 89

Imagination, Chap. III. § 4 (see Contents);

as unverifiable representation, 74

Imagination-beliefs, 67, 76;

mimic perception-beliefs, 103;

their power overrated, 103-4;

allied to play-belief, 104-6, 148;

often inconsistent, 181-2

Indirect Magic, 129, Chap. IV. §§ 6, 7 (see Contents)

Industry and Magic, 143

Initiation of Wizard, 203, 211, 263-5 n.;

and disillusion, 277

Intelligence of Man, how developed, 10, 47-8;

of Anthropoids, 31-2;

its influence on morals, 65

Intichiuma, 129, 316

Intuition, 235

J

Jevons, F. B., on Totemism, 299

Jounod, H. A., on taboos, 133;

on photograph-soul, 138;

on divination, 249;

on Magician’s power, 263 n.

K

Kalevala, 208, 262

Kant on free-will, 223

Keith, A., on epoch of Man’s differentiation, 3 n.;

on length of intestine, 13;

on the genealogical tree of the Primates, 49;

capacity of skulls, 50;

on Neanderthal species, 52;

on speech-organs of Pithecanthropus and Eoanthropus, 56, 66-7

Kingsley, Mary, on soul-doctors, 155;

on four souls, 172

L

Lamentation and weeping, 61

Lang, A., on ghosts, 114;

on Animism, 147, 148;

on Totemism, 299, 304-7

Laughter, 60

Laws of Association of Ideas, 137

Lecky on Belief, 174

Leibnitz, 174

Leuba, J. H., 142

Levy-Bruhl on the primitive mind, 85-6

Livingstone on South African game, 27;

on South African doctors, 260

Love of the chase, 41

Lyall, Alfred, Asiatic Studies, 222

Lycopithecus, 8, 18;

his stature, 25, 26, 29

M

MacBride, E. W., on specialisation of Man, 4 n.

McDougall, W., on self-abasement, 44, 124. See also Hose and McDougall

Magic, 35, Chap. IV., see Contents;

relation to government, 68-69, 253-4;

relation to Animism, Chap. VI., see Contents;

to Fine Art, 262;

to Religion, 194-7, 254-5;

to Omens, 227-34;

its equivalent for inspiration, 245;

relation to Totemism, 314-8;

to science, 111, Chap. X. §§ 1, 2, 3, see Contents;

to Medicine, 260, 328-31

Major premise of primitive reasoning, 94, 95, 98

Mana, 121, 122, 193

Marett, R. R., on Animatism, 120, 149

Marriage, seasonal, 13;

and Totemism, 307-11

Mathew, J., on source of magical power, 263 n.

Maxim, H. S., on precedence, 45

Memory and Belief, 73, 80

Mercier, C., on paranoia, 276

Metamorphosis, 213-14, 314-15

Methodology, none for the primitive mind, 82, 117

Mill, J. S., on Comte, 108;

on induction, 117

Mimesis, principle of, 136

Minor premise not understood in primitive reasoning, 95-6

Mousterian culture, 13

Müller, Max, on Totemism, 299

N

Natural selection of best hunters, 4;

of the gregarious, 8;

of the intelligent, 11;

adapted Man to the hunting life, not to civilisation, 51;

except partially, 64;

within limits favoured the superstitious, 70, 114

Neanderthal Man, 49, 50, 52

Neolithic culture, 50, 51

Nordic Race, 19-20

O

Odour as soul-stuff, 139, 162

Oligocene supposed age of the differentiation of Hominidæ, 3, 24;

landscape, flora and fauna then, 22-8

Omen, magical or spiritual, 200, 204, Chap. VII., see Contents

Oracles, dreams and omens, 236-7;

in Greece, 241-3;

in Fiji, 243;

often obscure, 246

Origin and Development of Moral Ideas, 109, 309

P

Palæolithic Culture, 50

Panætius on Divination, 248

Participation, principle of, 136

Pausanias, 244

Pawnee chief on the good man, 64

Pekin Gazette, 222

Perception as source of belief, 79, 85;

among savages, 36, 137

Philosophy and Animism, 342

Photograph and soul, 312

Pithecanthropus, 49, 55

Pliny (the Elder) on Ancient Medicine, 329, 331

Plutarch, 242

Poet respected, 126;

inspired, 237 n.;

and wizard, 267

Polybius on Roman Religion, 248

Positivism, 108

Possession, 210-11, 212, 237, 242-3

Prayers, at first seem dangerous, 195-6;

from spells, also spontaneous, 200, 201;

become spells, 204, 205

Precedence in the hunting-pack, 44;

amongst Australians, 45

Priest, 68-9;

and sorcerer, 254-5;

and learning, 341

Primal Law, 38, 306

Property, 43, 56-8

Psychology of the hunting-pack, Chap. II. § 4 (40-8)

Psychological Animism, 145, Chap. V. § 2 (147-53)

R

Races of Men, 19

Rain-rites, 202, 335-7

Ray, S. H., on the Lifuans, 142 n., 156

Reason and imagination, 74-5;

in immature minds, Chap. III. § 6

Reflection and ghost, 154, 158

Reinach, S., on sex-taboo, 56

Reincarnation, 174

Relations in savage thought, 101

Religion, 69;

meaning of word, 184;

and Magic, 193-7;

and Totemism, 321-5

Retrogradation, Ch. VI. § 4 (203-7)

Rigveda, 152, 168, 219

Rivera, W. H. R., on suggestibility in savages, 86;

on savage thought, 89, 100;

on Totemic gods, 167, 321-2;

on Toda prayers, 205;

blindness of savages to deceit, 283;

on a custom at Mota, 301, 303

Roosevelt on dogs, 44, 45;

elephant and bear, 147

Roth, W. E., on prayer to Totem, 319

Roy, S. C., on Oraon rain-rites, 202

S

Sanderson, G. P., on Indian wild dogs, 43

Scapulomancy, 239

Schopenhauer on female beauty, 15

Scientists in barbarism, 339

Secret of the Totem, 305

Seligman on sex-taboo, 131;

on departmental experts, 257, 284

Selous, F. C., on the hunter’s joy, 41

Seneca on Omens, 249

Seton, Thompson, on Indians’ love of killing, 41;

on wolves, 42, 44, 56

Sexual selection as cause of naked skin, 14

Shadow and ghost, 154, 158

Shaman derivation of word, 274

Shamanism, 217-8, 254

Skeat and Blagden on the Semang, 149, 168;

on Malay Magic, 172, 261

Skin naked, 14-18

Skull changes in, 7;

capacity of, 50

Social life of Primates, 7, 32;

of Man, 8, 34-6, 37-8

Social Origins, 305

Societies of Wizards, 256

Sollas on geological time, 3 n., 49 n.

Sorcerer and Magician, 252;

and Priest, 254

Sorcery, 129;

defined, 189

Soul and soul-stuff, 147, 151, 154, 155, 161-3, 171;

how many, 172;

origin and destiny of, 174-7;

of Totem and clansman, 312, 313

Southey, R., The Curse of Kehama, 265

Species of Man, 31

Speech in apes and men, 9, 54, 55

Speisser on Animism in Ambrym, 152

Spell, 68, 111, 113, 130;

tends to personify, 152, 156;

and prayer, 200, 201

Spencer, H., Pol. Institutions, 8, 59;

on Laughter, 60;

Sociology, 108;

on Animism, 153, 165, 167, 183;

on Totemism, 298

Spencer and Gillen on savage imagination, 83;

on Guanjis, 146;

on magic stones, 120-1, 263 n.;

emotions of Australians, 244;

foreign Magic, 270;

account of a Wizard, 285;

list of Totems, 296

Spirits and ghosts, Chap. V. §§ 6-7 (164-73);

power of, 212-3;

controlled by Magic, 216-24;

and Omens, 234-8

Stages in development of Magic, 129

Stanbridge, W., on aborigines’ scepticism, 279

Standard of truth for savages, 89

Stefánson on Esquimo, 160

Stigand, G. H., on the Masai, 146

Stoics and divination, 248

Stoll, Otto, on self-suggestion, 274

Struggle over prey, 45-6

Substitution in Magic, 141

Suggestibility, 84, 275

Superstition, Chap. III., see Contents;

utility of, 69;

its dark side, 107;

innate disposition to, 114, 153

Syllogism and savage thinking, 92-7

Symbols, 139;

may fulfil Omens, 246

Sympathy, perceptive, contagious, effective in the pack, 48;

and moral sense, 63-4

T

Taboo, 68;

on persons and things, 131-2;

on words, 133;

names of dead and of spirits, 201;

on kings, 219;

connected with Totemism, 315, 316

Talisman, 68, 131, etc.

Testimony, 80, 82

Thompson, Basil, on Tongan rejection of coincidence, 291

Thurn, E. F. im, on savage belief, 116, 151, 155;

on the peaiman, 260

Torday, E., on Bahuana, 150;

dead cast no shadow, 154 n.

Totemism, 68, 151, 166, 167, 173;

Chap. IX. (293-325), see Contents

Transmigration, 171, 175

Trotter on herd-instinct, 64

Turner, G., on Samoan gods, 322

Turner (Am. B. of Ethn.) on Esquimo Angoqok, 328

Tylor, E. B., Primitive Culture, 108;

on Animism, 153, 183;

on motivation of Magic, 195;

on spell and prayer, 207

Tyndall on the Scientific Uses of the Imagination, 74

V

Ventriloquism practised by Wizard, 261

Vocation of Wizard, 267-9, 285

Volsung Saga, 213, 215 n.

Voluntary action as cause of belief, 83;

supposed source of idea of cause, 188, 192

W

Wallace, A. R., on place of Man’s origin, 4 n.;

on human brain, 11;

nakedness, 16;

the Orang, 32, 33, 47

War, 58-9

Weeks, J. H., on Congo Cannibals, 127, 131;

the Bakongo, 130, 162, 168;

specialists in Magic, 257;

on character of wizard, 260, 271;

sorcerer not honoured at home, 270;

his trickery, 282

Westermarck, E., on seasonal marriage, 13;

primitive monogamy, 56;

on moral ideas, 64;

savage classification of phenomena, 109;

on sex-taboo, 132;

on averting the evil eye, 144;

descent in female line, 306;

Totemism and marriage, 308-9;

animal worship, 323

Whiffen, Th., on chief and medicine-man, 254;

medicine-man’s unscrupulousness, 271;

sceptics, 280

Wiedemann on Religion of Ancient Egyptians, 173, 267

Williamson, R. W., on the Mafulu, 201

Wizard, 68-9, 128;

the mind of, Chap. VIII. (252-92), see Contents;

and government, 253-4;

societies, 256;

his utility, 268;

and Pharmacology, 328, 331;

Anatomy and Physiology, 332;

Psychology, 333-4;

Botany and Zoology, 334;

Astronomy, 335;

Meteorology, 337

Wollunqua, 320

Wolves, 8, 11, 25, 36, 37 and note, 41, 42, 44, 45, 52, 53, 64

Wundt, W., on Körperseele, 170, 183;

on Animism and Magic and idea of cause, 187-92;

or retrogradation, 203