Volume 1 — INDEX
Reading edition
Abalone, cross of, on medicine cap, 40 in Navaho myth, 91, 92, 97, 103, 104, 115
Acoma, Navaho name for, 138
Acorns eaten by Apache, 19
Acosta, an Apache, conference with, 7
Ádĭlhkĭh (Black Fog) of Navaho myth, 91, 96, 97
After-world in Apache belief, 134 in Jicarilla belief, 135 in Navaho belief, 137
Agave. See Mescal
Ágocho. See Pigeon
Agriculture of the Navaho, 73
Ahánĭ clan of the Navaho, 137
Aiahán clan of the Apache, 22
Aklólh. See Rainbow
Alabama, Apache sent to, 10
All-color Corn Girl of Navaho myth, 96
Alphabet used for Indian terms, vi
Anatomical terms, Athapascan, 139
Animal chiefs in Navaho under-world, 80
Animals, Athapascan terms for, 139 deified by Apache, 29 in Apache myth, 27, 35 represented in Jicarilla dry-painting, 57 spirits of, prayers to, 39
Ánltsĭstn, a Jicarilla god, 60, 61 See Whirlwind
Antelope monster in Navaho myth, 99, 106
Antelope skin used in maternity belt, 39
Apache, account of the, 1-49 and Navaho compared, 81 application of term, 53 character of the, xix Jicarilla name for, 135 Navaho name for, 138 people among Navaho, 137 tribal summary of, 131-134 vocabulary of, 139-144
Apache-Mohave assigned to reservation, 8 character of, 5-6 subdued by Crook, 8 See Mohave
Apaches del Perrillo mentioned, 53
Apaches de Nabajú mentioned, 53
Apaches Faraones mentioned, 53
Apaches Gileños mentioned, 53
Apaches Lipanes mentioned, 53
Apaches Llaneros mentioned, 53
Apaches Tejua mentioned, 53
Apaches Vaqueros mentioned, 53
Apátĭĕh, application of term, 5
Arapaho, Jicarilla name for, 135
Arivaipa, Apache name for, 134 clans of the, 133
Armor in Navaho myth, 104, 105
Arrow-point as knife in ceremony, 118
Arrows in Jicarilla myth, 63, 65, 68 in Navaho myth, 89, 99, 105, 107-108, 114
Art, graphic, of the Apache, 20 See Painting
Arts of the Apache, 132 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 74, 136 See Basketry; Handicrafts; Industries; Pottery; Silver-work
Ástsĕ Ĕstsán, First Woman of the Navaho, 84, 90-95
Ástsĕ Hástĭn, First Man of the Navaho, 84, 90-96
Atsósĭ Hatál. See Feather Chant
Áya Kĭnné̆, a traditional people, 106-107
Badger in Jicarilla mythology, 61 in Navaho mythology, 90
Badger People of the Navaho, 84, 95
Bahózhonchi, a Navaho priesthood, 83 songs of the, 125
[pg 148]
Balíl, sacred wand of the Navaho, 93, 114, 116, 118
Basket in Jicarilla mythology, 68 medicine, in Navaho Night Chant, 118 wedding, of the Navaho, 126, 127
Basket drum of the Jicarillas, 57 in Navaho Night Chant, 119, 121
Basketry of the Apache, 20-21, 42, 132 of the Jicarillas, 54, 135 of the Navaho, 77, 136 sacred symbol prescribed for, 20, 21, 42, 44 See Water Bottle
Baskets, burden, used by Apache, 17, 19, 132 Jicarilla, traded for corn, 134, 135
Bat in Jicarilla mythology, 67-68
Bathing by the Apache, 16 following puberty rite, 47 See Hair-washing; Washing
Bead Chant of the Navaho, 78
Beads, cross and crescent worked in, 42 of precious stones in Navaho myth, 104 shell, in Navaho mythology, 106-107 shell, mixed with pollen, 38 silver, of the Navaho, 76, 77 symbolic of prayer, 34 used in puberty rite, 46, 47 white, on medicine caps, 40
Beans depicted in dry-painting, 121
Bear People of Navaho mythology, 111
Bears in Apache mythology, 35 in Jicarilla mythology, 56, 58, 64 in Navaho dry-painting, 79 in Navaho mythology, 97, 102, 106 tabooed as food by Apache, 20 tabooed as food by Jicarillas, 135
Bear Springs valley, 11
Bear, Tracking, a Navaho monster, 99, 106
Beasts of burden in Apache myth, 35
Beaver in Jicarilla mythology, 61
Beds of the Apache, 16
Begging ceremony of the Navaho, 120, 121
Belts, maternity, used by Apache, 38-39 silver, of the Navaho, 76, 126, 137
Big Dipper in Apache myth, 25, 27, 29 in Navaho myth, 92
Big God in Navaho myth, 98, 105
Bĭlh Ahatí̆nĭ, a Navaho mythic character, 112-116
Bĭnáyeaganĭ, a Navaho monster, 106
Bird People of Navaho mythology, 95
Birds, creation of, in Apache myth, 27
Birth. See Childbirth
Black Cloud of Navaho myth, 91, 96, 97 See Clouds
Black Fog. See Ádĭlhkĭh
Black God, the Navaho Fire God, 103-104
Black Man. See Haschí̆n Dí̆lhĭli
Black river, Arizona, 17
Blankets in Navaho mythology, 94, 95 medicine-men compensated with, 125 of the Navaho, 74-75, 136 used in marriage settlement, 133
Blindness, fear of, by initiates, 120 from looking upon mother-in-law, 126
Blowing to expel spirits, 48
Bluebird song of Yébĭchai ceremony, 124
Blue Corn Boy of Navaho myth, 96
Bosque Redondo, Navaho removed to, 83 plan to remove Apache to, 7 See Mescalero Reservation
Bounty offered for scalps, 6
Bourke, John G., cited, 48
Bowl of pearl in Navaho mythology, 92 of shell used for medicine, 117, 120 of turquoise in Apache myth, 33
Bows. See Arrows
Bracelets, silver, of the Navaho, 76
Breech-cloth. See Clothing; Loin-cloth
Buckskin. See Deerskin
Buffalo hunted by Jicarillas, 54 in Jicarilla after-world, 135 horns, myth concerning, 61, 62
Buffalo skin, tipis of, of the Jicarillas, 134 used in Jicarilla ceremony, 57
Bumping Rocks of Navaho myth, 101 See Rolling Stone
Burial. See Mortuary Customs
Butterfly in Jicarilla mythology, 56, 58
Buttons, silver, of the Navaho, 77
Buzzard People of the Navaho, 84
Cabezon mountain, mythic creation of, 90
Cactus, fastened to Apache clothing, 38 See Food
Cairns, Apache, 133
Camp life of the Apache, 16
Cañon de Chelly, Navaho defeated in, 83 Navaho farms in, 73 See Tsé̆gyiĭ
[pg 149]
Caps of the Apache, 131, 133 sacred, prescribed in Messiah religion, 44 See Clothing; Headdress; Medicine Cap
Cardinal points and Apache prayer, 133 color symbolism of, 60, 61, 64, 66, 84, 87, 90-92, 103, 115, 118 considered in dance circle, 48 in Apache ceremony, 41 in wedding ceremony, 126, 127 prescribed order of, in Night Chant, 118 represented by gods, 48 terms for, 140 See Orientation
Carleton, Gen. J. H., in Apache campaign, 7 Navaho subdued by, 83
Carrizo, stream in Apache-land, 11
Carson, Col. Kit, Navaho defeated by, 83
Cassari, conference with, 7
Catamenia, mythic significance of, 30
Cedar, use of, in dance, 48, 49 used in effacing footprints, 80-81
Ceremonies, Apache, summary of, 133 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 4, 77-79, 116-127, 136, 138 puberty, of Apache, 46, 133 See Dance; Marriage; Puberty Ceremony
Chalhké̆lh Nalí̆n. See Night Girl
Chanzhní̆, Jicarilla clowns, 59
Chato, raids by Apache under, 9
Chĕhonaái, the Sun of Navaho myth, 92, 95, 97 See Chuganaái; Chunnaái; Sun
Chiefs among the Jicarillas, 55 among the Navaho, 81, 136 of the Apache, 132 of the Jicarillas, 135
Chihuahua, Apache raids into, 14 scalp bounty offered by, 6
Childbirth, gods invoked at, 34 medicine-men participate at, 38
Children, Apache affection toward, 14 Apache, disposal of bodies of, 134 Apache, early training of, 17 participate in puberty rite, 46-47, 124-125
Chiricahua Apache at Fort Sill, 131 clans of the, 133 descent among the, 22, 132 flee to New Mexico in 1876, 9 Navaho name for, 138 raids by, 9, 10 tribal name of, 134
Chóĭli, sacred mountain of the Navaho, 91, 94, 96, 98
Chuganaái, Apache Sun God, 24-27, 29-31, 38, 43, 133 See Chĕhonaái; Chunnaái; Sun
Chunnaái, Jicarilla Sun God, 60-68, 135
Cibicu fight in 1882, 10-12
Civilization, effect of, on Indians, 22
Clan system of Indians, 21
Clans absent among Jicarillas, 54, 135 of the Apache, 22-23, 132 of the Navaho, 97-98, 136-137
Cliff-dwellers in Navaho clans, 137 in Navaho mythology, 95, 97, 106-107, 137 mummies of, 74-75
Clothing decorated with cross and crescent, 42 deposited with the dead, 134 of flint in Jicarilla myth, 63 of godly personators, 48 of the Apache, 131 of the Jicarillas, 54, 134 of the Navaho, 136 of turquoise in Jicarilla myth, 63 See Caps; Costume; Hair-dressing
Clouds, Apache god of, 35 in Apache mythology, 24, 26-30, 33 in Navaho mythology, 94, 103, 104 symbolized on maternity belt, 40 symbolized on medicine cap, 40 See Black Cloud
Clown, Gaŭnĕskí̆dĕ functions as, 84 in Navaho ceremony, 120-121 of the Jicarillas, 59
Cochiti, Navaho name for, 138
Colorado river, mythic creation of, 90
Colors, Athapascan terms for, 140 directional, of the Apache, 25-27, 60, 84 directional, of the Jicarillas, 60, 61, 64, 66 directional, of the Navaho, 84, 87, 90-92, 103, 115, 118
[pg 150]
Comanche, Jicarilla name for, 135 Navaho name for, 138
Contests of skill in Navaho myth, 107-108
Cooking of mescal by Apache, 17-18 See Food
Copper Mines, conference with Apache at, 7
Copper-working by the Navaho, 77
Corn deities of Navaho myth, 96 depicted in dry-painting, 121, 123 man born of, in Navaho myth, 84 prayers for, 38 túlapai made from, 19 used in puberty rite, 46-47, 125 See Seed
Corn-meal, mush of, in Navaho marriage ceremony, 126 sacred use of, 38 used in drying hair, 125 See also Meal
Cosmology. See Genesis
Costume of girls during puberty rite, 47 of Yébĭchai dancers, 122 See Clothing
Cotton, blankets of, in Navaho mythology, 94
Coyote in Jicarilla mythology, 69 in Navaho mythology, 87, 93
Coyote Chant of the Navaho, 78
Coyoteros, Apache name for, 134 assigned to reservation, 8 clans of the, 132 organization of the, 22 population of the, 131 subdued by Crook, 8
Cradle-board deposited with infant's remains, 134
Creation. See Genesis
Crescent. See Cross and Crescent
Cricket Girl of Navaho myth, 96
Crook, Gen. George, Apache campaign by, 8-10
Crops, fructification of, by Yólkai Ĕstsán, 96 Goddess of, of Apache, 34 See Harvests
Cross in Apache myth, 30, 32 made by Apache, 10 on Apache medicine cap, 40
Cross and crescent in Apache religion, 42 on Apache basketry, 21 origin of, among Apache, 43, 44
Crow in Apache mythology, 28 in Jicarilla mythology, 61 in Navaho mythology, 112
Crow People of the Navaho, 84
Crystal. See Quartz crystal
Cuticle, people created from, 97
Dance by Apache to revive dead, 10-11 during puberty rites, 46 for rain among Apache, 33 Harvest, of the Apache, 133 in Navaho myth, 108 of the Jicarillas, 58, 59 See Ceremonies; Yébĭchai
Dance of the Gods of Apache, 47-49
Das Lan, Apache medicine-man, 21, 37, 38, 42-46
Dátĭlyĕ. See Humming-bird
Davis, Inspector-General, confers with Apache, 7
Dawn in Navaho mythology, 87
Dead, Apache attempt to revive, 10 how regarded by Navaho, 80 See Burial; Mortuary customs
Death, Apache conception of, 32 controlled by Yólkai Nalí̆n, 34 origin of, in Navaho myth, 93
Death Goddess of the Apache, 34
Deer in Apache myth, 35
Deerskin, Apache paintings on, 20 in Navaho myth, 91, 92, 94, 96, 97 masks of god personators, 48 used in maternity belt, 39
Déĭlgĕt, an Antelope monster, 99, 106
Dĕpé̆nsa, a Navaho sacred mountain, 91
Descent among the Apache, 22, 132 among the Navaho, 136 See Inheritance
Designs, pottery, of Navaho gods, 95 See Ornament
Dĭgí̆n. See Holy People
Dĭné̆, Navaho tribal name, 97, 138
Directions. See Cardinal points
Disease, how expelled by Jicarillas, 60 how regarded by Apache, 29, 35 origin of, in Navaho mythology, 93 God of, of Apache, 33 See Medicine; Medicine-men; Tubadzĭschí̆nĭ
Divorce among the Jicarillas, 55 See Marriage
[pg 151]
Doh. See Fly
Doklí̆nĭ. See Nabakéltĭ
Dokóŏslit, a Navaho sacred mountain, 91
Dónĭ Tlí̆shĭ Nôĭltánsh. See Das Lan
Dreamer. See Bĭlh Ahatí̆nĭ
Dreams, ceremonies affected by, 133 God of, in Apache cosmology, 31 See Visions
Dress. See Clothing
Drowning, rescue from, attributed to gods, 109
Drum, basket, of the Jicarillas, 57 basket, used in Navaho Night Chant, 119, 121 medicine, of Apache, 11 used in Apache dance, 48
Dry-paintings of the Apache, 41, 47 of the Jicarillas, 56, 57 of the Navaho, 78, 79, 115, 119-123, 138
Dutlí̆shĭ Nalí̆n, Turquoise Girl, 31, 34 See also Turquoise Woman
Dutlí̆shĭ Skhĭn, Turquoise Boy, 31, 33
Dwellings of the Apache, 131 of the Jicarillas, 54, 134 of the Navaho, 74-76, 80-81, 136, 138 See Hogán; Houses; Tipis
Eagle, feathers of, in Jicarilla myth, 63-64, 68 feathers of, in Navaho myth, 100 feathers of, in puberty rite, 46 giant, in Jicarilla myth, 66-68 giant, in Navaho myth, 106
Eagle People, how supplicated, 40
Earth, creation of, in Apache myth, 26
Earth Daughter of Apache mythology, 27, 28
Earth God of Navaho mythology, 98
Earth Messengers of Apache mythology, 31, 32
Elk in Jicarilla mythology, 65
Ĕnásho Dĭlhklí̆shĕn, an Apache deity, 31, 34
Ĕstsán Nátlĕshĭn, a Jicarilla deity, 62, 135
Evil-spirit Chant of the Navaho, 78
Evil spirits banished in Night Chant, 119-120
Face-painting of Jicarilla dancers, 59
Fasting by Apache medicine-men, 32
Fear of Apache by other tribes, 6 unknown to Apache, 14
Feather Chant of the Navaho, 78
Feathers, eagle, in Jicarilla myth, 63-64, 68 eagle, in Navaho myth, 100 eagle, in puberty rite, 46 employed in dry-painting, 120 Jicarilla headdress of, 54 turkey, prayer-sticks of, 117
Feather wands in Night Chant, 118, 119
Fermentation by Apache, 19-20
Fire, how made by Apache, 14, 18 in Jicarilla mythology, 63, 64 mythic origin of, 69 used in God Dance, 49 used in Jicarilla ceremony, 58 used in Night-Chant ceremony, 116 used at Yébĭchai Dance, 122
Fireflies in Jicarilla mythology, 69
Fire God of the Navaho, 103-104
Fire-sticks in Jicarilla mythology, 64, 65
First Man. See Ástsĕ Hástĭn
First Woman. See Ástsĕ Ĕstsán
Fish tabooed by Apache, 20 tabooed by Jicarillas, 135
Flint clothing in Jicarilla myth, 63
Flood in Apache myth, 27-28 in Jicarilla mythology, 61 in Navaho mythology, 88, 90
Florida, Apache prisoners sent to, 10
Flutes mentioned in Navaho myth, 84
Fly (Doh) in Apache myth, 26, 27
Fog. See Clouds; Rain
Food of the Apache, 14-16, 19, 20, 131, 140 of the Jicarillas, 134, 140 of the Navaho, 76, 140 terms for, 139-140 used during maturity rite, 125 See Taboo
Foot-racing at time of Night Chant, 122 in Navaho myth, 107
Fort Apache, Apache scouts at, 10 Coyoteros placed near, 8
Fort Apache agency, number of Apache at, 131
Fort Sill, Apache sent to, 10 Chiricahua at, 131
Fort Sumner, New Mexico, 83 See Bosque Redondo
Fort Wingate, Apache surrender at, 9 Navaho arrive at, 83
[pg 152]
Four, an Apache sacred number, 36, 41-43
Fox People of the Navaho, 84, 95
Frightening the patient in Night Chant ceremony, 119
Fringe Mouths, Navaho deities, 109, 113, 114, 123
Frogs, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Fungi eaten by Apache, 19
Fun-maker. See Clown
Furniture of the Navaho, 76
Gấgé̆. See Crow
Gambler in Navaho mythology, 111
Gamblers present at Night Chant, 122
Gánaskĭáĭ, a Navaho god, 114 represented in dry-painting, 121
Garcés, Francisco, on the Apache, 4
Gáŭn, Apache gods, 31, 35
Genesis of Navaho clans, 137 of the Apache, 23-35, 133 of the Jicarillas, 60-62, 135 of the Navaho, 83-98, 138
Geronimo, capture of, 10 raids by Apache under, 9, 10
Ghost Dance identified with Dance of Gods, 48
Giants in Navaho mythology, 98, 105-106 See Monsters
Girl Dance among Apache, 46
Goddesses, how personated in Navaho ceremony, 111
Gods, Indian belief in power of, 45 of the Apache, 31, 35 personated in Apache ceremony, 41 See Dance; Holy People; Mythology; Religion
Gopher in Jicarilla mythology, 65, 66
Goshonné, Apache medicine-man, 37, 38
Gourd drinking cups of Apache, 21
Government of the Apache, 132 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 136 See Chiefs; Political organization
Grasshopper People of Navaho myth, 100, 103
Graves of the Apache, 133 See Mortuary customs
Gray God. See Hasché̆lapai
Great Dipper. See Big Dipper
Green things created by Turquoise Girl, 34
Guadalupe Hidalgo, treaty of, 7
Habitat of the Apache, 14
Habitations. See Dwellings; Hogán; Houses; Tipis
Hádĭlhkĭh. See Lightning
Hádĭntĭn Nalí̆n, Pollen Girl, in Apache myth, 27-29, 31 functions of, 34-35 invoked by Apache, 43
Hádĭntin Skhĭn, Pollen Boy, in Apache myth, 3, 24-31, 96, 133 function of, 33 invoked by Apache, 43 See also Pollen; Tádĭtĭn
Hair-cutting as a sign of mourning, 55, 135
Hair-dressing of girls during maturity rite, 124 of the Apache, 131 of the Jicarillas, 59, 134 of the Navaho, 136
Hair-washing ceremony of the Navaho, 125
Haísndayĭn, Jicarilla tribal name, 62, 65, 135
Handicrafts, terms for, 141 See Arts; Basketry; Industries; Pottery; Silver-work
Happiness Chant of the Navaho, 78, 106-111
Harvest Dance of the Apache, 133
Harvest God of the Apache, 28 of the Navaho, 105, 113, 121 See Gánaskĭdĭ
Harvests prayed for by Apache, 34 See Crops
Haschĕbaád, a Navaho goddess, 114 personated in Night Chant, 116-120 represented in dry-painting, 119, 121, 123 significance of, 111
Haschĕbakú̆n personated in Night Chant, 120 represented in dry-painting, 119, 121
Hasché̆lapai personated in Night Chant, 116
Hasché̆ltĭ in Navaho mythology, 92-94, 96, 97, 113, 115 personated in Night Chant, 116-120 represented in dry-painting, 119, 121
Hasché̆zhĭnĭ, Navaho Fire God, 103-104
Haschí̆n Dí̆lhĭli, a god of creation, 69
Haschógan, Navaho House Gods, 92-93, 95-97, 103-104, 121
Háshkĕ Ní̆lntĕ, Apache medicine-man, 29
Hashklí̆shnĭ clan, origin of, 97, 137
Havasupai, Apache name for, 134 baskets of, among Navaho, 77 Navaho name for, 138
[pg 153]
Hawk People of the Navaho, 84, 88
Head-dress of the Apache, 131 See Caps; Hair-dressing; Medicine cap
Healing rites. See Medicine
Health, God and Goddess of, of Apache, 27, 28, 33 See Hádĭntĭn Skhĭn
Hermaphrodites in Navaho myth, 85
Hills, creation of, in Apache myth, 27, 28 See Mountains
History of the Apache, 3-23 of the Navaho, 81-83
Hochónchĭ Hatal. See Evil-spirit Chant
Hogán, the Navaho house, 74, 136 See Dwellings; Houses; Tsí̆ndi hogán
Holy People of Navaho mythology, 83-84, 91, 94-96, 111-113, 115
Home life of the Navaho, 76
Honesty, how regarded by the Navaho, 82
Hopi, Apache name for, 134 Apache raids in country of, 14 Navaho name for, 138 visited by Garcés, 4
Horse-racing at time of Night Chant, 122
Horses, accoutrement of, ornamented by Navaho, 77 branded with sacred symbol, 42, 44 sacrificed at graves, 55, 81, 134, 135 used as doctors' fees, 41 used in marriage settlement, 126, 133, 137-138
Horse-thieving by the Navaho, 82
Hostilities of the Apache, 6-23 of the Navaho, 81-83
House Gods. See Haschógan
Houses, medicine, of the Jicarillas, 57 of the Apache, 13-14, 44, 45 of the dead burned by Jicarillas, 55 owned by Navaho women, 76 See Dwellings; Hogán; Tipis
Hozhónĭ Hatál. See Happiness Chant
Humming-bird in Apache myth, 26, 30
Hunchback gods of the Navaho, 105, 121
Hunting by the Jicarillas, 54, 55, 134-135
Images used by Apache, 40-41, 133
Implements, Jicarilla, origin of, 69 of the Apache, 17
Incantation used in treating disease, 36
Indian Office, policy of, regarding Apache, 8
Industries of the Apache, 132 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 136 See Arts; Handicrafts
Inheritance among Apache, 22 among Jicarillas, 55 See Descent
Initiation into Yébĭchai order, 120, 121
Intellect, Goddess of, of Apache, 34
Intoxicants used by Apache, 19
Iron-working by the Navaho, 77
Irrigation practised by Navaho, 74
Isleta, Navaho name for, 138
Itsá. See Eagle
Itsád Ndé̆yu. See Eagle People
Jemez, Navaho name for, 138 people among Navaho, 137
Jet in Navaho mythology, 91, 97, 103, 104, 115 See Lignite
Jewelry of the Navaho, 76-77
Jewels in Navaho mythology, 94, 115 See Abalone; Jet; Moss agate; Pearl; Quartz crystal; Shell; Turquoise
Jicarillas, account of the, 51-69 population of the, 131 tribal summary of the, 134 vocabulary of the, 139-144
Juan José, an Apache chief, 6
Juh, raids by Apache under, 9
Juniper berries used by Apache, 19
Kâgĕ. See Crow
Kearny, Col. S. W., cited, 82
Kĕdán, Navaho ceremonial paraphernalia, 116-118
Kĕldinshé̆n. See Skunk
Kĭnní̆nĭkai, a Navaho locality, 114
Kí̆nya Ánĭ clan, origin of, 97, 137
Kiowa, Jicarilla name for, 135
Kiowa Apache, population of, 131
Klĕganaái, the Moon, in Apache myth, 31
Klĕhonaái, the Moon, in Navaho myth, 92 See Klĕnaái; Moon
Kléjĕ Hatál. See Night Chant
Klĕnaái, the Moon, in Jicarilla myth, 60, 62, 135 See Klĕganaái; Klĕhonaái; Moon
[pg 154]
Klí̆shcho Nalí̆n, Snake Girl, symbolized on maternity belt, 39
Knives in Navaho ceremony, 118 in Navaho myth, 105
Kobadjischínĭ, a Jicarilla god, 56, 62-68, 135 See Tobadzĭschí̆nĭ; Tubadzĭschí̆nĭ
Kolhkahín, a Jicarilla division, 54, 135
Kósdĭlhkĭh. See Black Cloud
Kówa, the Apache house, 13-14, 44-45 See Dwellings
Kútĕrastan, Apache creator, 20, 24-30, 32, 34, 38, 43, 45, 133
Laguna, Navaho name for, 138
Language. See Vocabulary
La Plata mountain, mythic creation of, 91
Leggings, deerskin, of the Navaho, 77 See Clothing
Lightning in Apache myth, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30-33 in Jicarilla myth, 67 in Navaho myth, 97, 102, 107, 115 represented in dry-paintings, 47 symbolized on maternity belt, 39, 40
Lightning arrows in Navaho myth, 105
Lightning-stroke, how treated by Apache, 40
Lignite in Navaho myth, 103 See Jet
Little Colorado river, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Lizards, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Llaneros, a band of Jicarillas, 54
Locust in Navaho mythology, 89, 90
Locust People of the Navaho, 84
Loin-cloth of the Apache, 131
Magpie in Navaho myth, 113
Maguey. See Mescal
Mai Hatál. See Coyote Chant
Maínĕlin. See Gopher
Man-eating Bird, a Navaho monster, 99
Mangas Coloradas, an Apache warrior, 7
Mansché̆. See Spider
Manuelito, chief of the Navaho, 81
Manzanita used by Apache, 19
Maricopa in Apache war, 7 Navaho name for, 138
Marriage among the Apache, 133 among the Jicarillas, 54, 135 among the Navaho, 125-127, 136-137 and property among Apache, 22-23 restrictions among Apache, 22 See Women
Masks of Apache dancers, 47, 48 of Navaho gods, 111, 114, 115 used in Night Chant, 116, 119-123
Maternity belt of Apache, 38-39
Maturity. See Puberty
Meal, sacred, carried by Hasché̆ltĭ, 121 used in dry-painting, 119, 120 used in Jicarilla ceremony, 59 used in Night Chant, 117 See also Corn-meal
Medicine, dry-paintings used in, 47
Medicine cap used by Apache, 40
Medicine ceremonies, God Dance a part of, 48 of the Jicarillas, 56, 57, 135 of the Navaho, 77-79 See Night Chant
Medicine craze. See Messiah craze
Medicine Dance of the Apache, 133
Medicine hogán of the Navaho, 116
Medicine-making in Jicarilla myth, 57
Medicine-men and ceremonies, 133 communicate with gods, 32 employment of, in puberty rites, 46, 125 marriage ceremony conducted by, 138 Navaho, functions of, 79-80 of the Apache, 35-42, 132 participate in Night Chant, 116-124
Medicine performance of the Jicarillas, 57
Medicine plants, how gathered, 133
Medicine practices of the Apache, 35-42
Medicine skin of the Apache, 29-36
Meriwether, Gov. David, treats with Navaho, 81
Mescal harvest of the Apache, 15-19 intoxicant made from, 20
Mescalero reservation, Chiricahua sent to, 9 See Bosque Redondo
Mescaleros confined at Bosque Redondo, 83 depredations by, 83 flee from reservation, 9 Jicarilla name for, 135 plan to place Arizona Apache with, 7 population of the, 131
Mesquite pods eaten by Apache, 19
Messiah craze among Apache, 10, 38, 42-46 Apache houses affected by, 131 basketry designs affected by, 20-21
[pg 155]
Metal-work of the Navaho, 76-77
Mexican captives enslaved by Navaho, 82 coins used in Navaho silver-work, 77
Migration, traditional, of the Jicarillas, 62
Miles, Gen. N. A., subdues Apache, 10
Milky Way in Apache myth, 34, 134 in Navaho myth, 93
Miracle performers of Apache myth, 32 of Jicarilla myth, 62-68 of Navaho myth, 98
Miraculous personages of Apache myth, 133 of Jicarilla myth, 135 of Navaho myth, 138 See Gods
Moccasins, cross and crescent on, 42 See Clothing
Modesty of Apache women, 16
Mohave, Jicarilla name for, 135 Navaho name for, 138 See Apache-Mohave
Monsters in Apache mythology, 32 in Jicarilla mythology, 63-68, 135 in Navaho mythology, 89, 90, 138 See Giants; Water Monsters
Months, names of, 141
Moon, creation of, in Apache myth, 30, 31 creation of, in Navaho myth, 92
Moon God. See Klĕganaái; Klĕhonaái; Klĕnaái
Moons, names of, 141
Mortars in Navaho myth, 103
Mortuary customs of the Apache, 133 of the Jicarillas, 55, 135 of the Navaho, 80, 138
Moss agate in Navaho mythology, 92
Mother-in-law, taboo of, among Navaho, 126
Mountain Chant of the Navaho, 78, 79
Mountain lion, in Jicarilla myth, 64 in Navaho myth, 97 skin of, used in maternity belt, 39
Mountain Lion People of the Navaho, 84, 87, 90
Mountain sheep in Navaho myth, 113-114
Mountains, mythic creation of, 28, 90-91 sacred, in Navaho myth, 84, 88, 90-91, 93, 94, 98
Mourning by the Jicarillas, 55-56, 135 See Mortuary customs
Muhr, A. F., acknowledgments to, xx
Mummies in cliff-ruins, 74-75
Murder among the Apache, 45
Musical instruments of the Jicarillas, 56-57 See Drums; Flutes; Rattles
Myers, W. E., acknowledgments to, xx
Mythology, Apache, basket designs and, 21 of the Apache, 23-35 of the Jicarillas, 56-57, 60-69 of the Navaho, 83-106 See Ceremonies; Genesis; Religion
Nabakéltĭ, Apache medicine-man, 10-12
Nacholécho. See Tarantula
Names adopted by Apache, 42 native, of Indian tribes, 134, 135, 138 of dead tabooed, 34 of the moons or months, 141
Nané, conference with, 7 raids by Apache under, 9
Nasté̆lh in Apache myth, 31
Natói Hatál. See Shooting Chant
Natural phenomena, terms for, 142
Navaho, account of the, 71-127 and Apache paintings compared, 41 and Apache relationship, 3 and Jicarilla ceremony compared, 53, 54, 56 Apache name for, 134 character of ceremonies of, 4 character of the, xx hair-dress of the, 134 Jicarilla name for, 135 origin of the, 3 trade of Jicarillas with, 135 tribal summary of the, 136 vocabulary of the, 139-144
Nayé̆nayĕzganĭ, a Jicarilla god, 55-57, 62-68, 135
Nayé̆nĕzganĭ, Apache and Navaho deity, 3, 31, 133, 138 birth and adventures of, 32, 98-106 personated in Night Chant, 118 represented in Apache painting, 20 symbolized on maternity belt, 39
Ndĕ, Apache tribal name, 134
Ndídĭlhkĭzn, Lightning Maker, in Apache myth, 25, 27, 28 symbolized on medicine cap, 40
Ndísâgochan, Lightning Rumbler, in Apache myth, 25, 28
Nervousness treated by Apache, 40
New Mexico, Chiricahua flee to, 9 plan to remove Apache to, 7
[pg 156]
New Mexico, raids by Victorio in, 9
Night Chant of the Navaho, 78, 79, 111-124
Night Girl of Apache myth, 30, 31
Nigostú̆n, the Earth, in Apache myth, 26
Nigostú̆n Bĭká Bĭnálzĕ. See Earth Messengers
Nigostú̆n Nalí̆n. See Earth Daughter
Ní̆lchi. See Winds
Nĭlchídĭlhkĭzn, the Apache Wind God, 25, 27, 31, 35
Níchitso, a Jicarilla Whirlwind god, 61
Nôkusé. See Big Dipper
Number, sacred, of Apache, 36, 41-43
Numerals, Southern Athapascan, 142
Obscenity of Jicarilla clowns, 59
Ocean, creation of, in Apache myth, 33, 133 creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Ojo Caliente, Apache of, 9 Victorio surrenders at, 9
Oklahoma, Apache sent to, 10 population of Apache in, 131
Olleros band of Jicarillas, 54
Onions, wild, eaten by Apache, 19
Opuntia. See Prickly Pear
Orientation in sweating ceremony, 118 of baskets in ceremony, 77 of buffalo skin in ceremony, 57 of Jicarilla ceremonial enclosure, 57 of Navaho hogáns, 80, 136 of sacred skins in Navaho myth, 92 of wedding basket, 126
Origin. See Genesis
Ornamentation of Apache caps, 131, 133
Ornaments of the Navaho, 136
Ovens, mescal, used by Apache, 17
Owl in Jicarilla myth, 62 in Navaho myth, 115
Owl People of the Navaho, 84
Painting, Apache, on deerskin, 20 of bodies by Yébĭchai dancers, 122 of skins in Navaho myth, 115 See Dry-paintings; Face-painting
Paiute, baskets of, among Navaho, 77
Papago, Garcés among the, 4 in Apache war, 7 Navaho name for, 138
Paralysis treated by Apache, 47
Pasquin, conference with, 7
Peaches, an Apache man, 22
Pearl in Navaho creation myth, 92
Personal terms, Southern Athapascan, 143
Pesqueira, Don Ignacio, coöperates against Apache, 7
Pestles in Navaho myth, 103
Phillips, W. W., acknowledgments to, xx
Phratries among the Navaho, 136
Picuris mentioned in Jicarilla myth, 68
Pigeon in Apache myth, 27, 28
Pima, Apache name for, 134 Garcés among the, 4 in Apache war, 7 Jicarilla name for, 135 Navaho name for, 138
Pinaleños established at San Carlos, 8
Pine Squirrel People of the Navaho, 84
Pine-squirrel pouch of Hasché̆ltĭ, 121
Piñon, creation of, in Apache myth, 27 nuts of, eaten by Apache, 19 pollen of, used by Apache, 38 tea made from bark of, 19 used in ceremonial enclosure, 57 used for mythic water bottle, 21, 27, 30 water bottles coated with gum of, 132
Pipes in Navaho myth, 103, 108-110, 115
Plains Indians, Jicarilla name for, 135
Plains People, a Jicarilla band, 54
Plants used in medicine, 36
Poisoned tobacco in Navaho myth, 103
Political organization of the Apache, 132 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 136 See Chiefs; Government
Pollen, deification of, 3 gathering of, by Apache, 133 god personators sprinkled with, 49 in Navaho mythology, 84, 91, 94 use of, by Apache, 34, 38-41, 43, 133 used in childbirth, 39, 40 used in marriage ceremony, 126 used in Night Chant, 119 used in puberty rite, 46 See Hádĭntĭn Nalí̆n; Hádĭntĭn Skhĭn; Tádĭtĭn
Polygamy among the Apache, 13-14 among the Jicarillas, 55 among the Navaho, 76
[pg 157]
Population of the Apache, 13, 131 of the Jicarillas, 134 of the Navaho, 136
Porcupine in Navaho myth, 97
Potatoes, wild, eaten by Apache, 19
Pottery made by Navaho gods, 95 of the Apache, 20 of the Jicarillas, 135 of the Navaho, 76, 77, 136
Pouch for image used by Apache, 41 for meal used by Hasché̆ltĭ, 121 for medicine used by Navaho, 77, 120 for pollen among Apache, 38
Prayers, how symbolized by Apache, 3 in Navaho ceremonies, 138 Navaho, character of, 77-78 of the Apache, 34-37, 133 on erection of hogán, 136 to animal spirits, 39
Prayer-sticks of turkey feathers, 117 See Kĕdán
Precious Stone deities of the Navaho, 96 See Jewels
Presidios established to check Apache, 5
Prickly pears eaten by Apache, 19
Property of women among Navaho, 76
Property marks of Apache, 18
Property right among Apache, 22 among Jicarillas, 55
Prophecies of Apache medicine-man, 45 of death among Apache, 38, 45
Puberty ceremony, God Dance a part of, 48 in Navaho mythology, 94-95 of the Apache, 46, 133 of the Jicarillas, 56, 135 of the Navaho, 124-125
Pueblos, Apache name for, 134 Apache raids against, 14 baskets exchanged with, 54 ceremonies of the, 4 hair-dress of, 134 incorporated by Navaho, 75, 137 Jicarilla ceremony borrowed from, 54, 135 Jicarilla name for, 135 Jicarillas trade with, 134, 135
Purity symbolized by Apache, 34
Quartz crystal in Navaho creation myth, 92
Races. See Foot-racing
Racing songs of the Navaho, 125
Rafts mentioned in Navaho myth, 85
Rain furnished by Yólkai Ĕstsán, 96 in Jicarilla mythology, 67 man born of, in Navaho myth, 84
Rainbow in Jicarilla mythology, 63 in Navaho mythology, 96, 102 represented in dry-painting, 119, 121, 123
Rain Boy and Girl of Navaho myth, 96
Rain Dance of the Apache, 33, 133
Rain God of the Apache, 35 of the Navaho, 107, 115, 120 See Tónenĭlĭ
Rattles mentioned in Navaho myth, 112
Red river of Navaho mythology, 89
Reeds, use of, in Navaho myth, 88, 100
Religion of the Apache, 29, 42, 133 See After-world; Ceremonies; Messiah craze; Mythology
Religious character of the Navaho, 79
Reptiles, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Rio Grande, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Ritual. See Ceremonies; Mythology; Religion
Rivers, creation of, in Apache myth, 28 creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
Rolling Stone, a mythical monster, 68, 99, 106 See Bumping Rocks
Ruins, pueblo, in Navaho mythology, 96
Running, symbolic in puberty rite, 47
Sacrifice of property at death, 55, 81, 134, 135
Saddle bags, sacred symbol prescribed for, 44
Sait Ndĕ, a Jicarilla division, 54, 135
Salt tabooed during puberty rite, 47, 125
Salvador, an Apache, conference with, 7
San Carlos, Apache established at, 8, 9 Apache flee from, 9
San Carlos agency, number of Apache under, 131
San Carlos Apache, native name of, 134
San Carlos reservation, property disputes on, 23
Sand altars. See Dry-paintings
Sandia, Navaho name for, 138
Sand People, a Jicarilla band, 54
San Felipe, Navaho name for, 138
[pg 158]
San Ildefonso, Navaho name for, 138
San Juan, Navaho name for, 138
San Juan river, creation of, in Navaho myth, 90
San Xavier del Bac, mission of, 4
Santa Clara, Navaho name for, 138
Santo Domingo, Navaho name for, 138
Scalp bounty offered, 6
Scalping mentioned in Navaho myth, 107
Scouts, Apache, at Fort Apache, 10
Scratching prohibited during maturity rite, 47, 125
Seed planting in Navaho mythology, 85, 86, 90, 96
Seeds borne by Gánaskĭdĭ, 121 how prepared by Apache, 15 See Corn
Sheep of the Navaho, 73, 74 purchased for Navaho, 83 used in marriage settlement, 126
Shell beads mixed with pollen, 38 beads of the Navaho, 77 ornaments of the Navaho, 136 symbolic of prayer, 34 used as medicine bowl, 117, 120 used in puberty rite, 46, 47 white, in Navaho myth, 84, 91, 92, 97, 101, 103, 104, 108, 115 See Yólkai Ĕstsán; Yólkai Nalí̆n
Shield of Navaho Sun God, 103
Shirts. See Clothing
Shooting Chant of the Navaho, 78 contest in Navaho myth, 107, 108
Shrines of the Apache, 133
Sia, Navaho name for, 138
Sierra Madre, Apache captured in, 10
Silver ornaments used in marriage settlement, 126
Silver-work of the Navaho, 76-77, 136
Sí̆snají̆nĭ, a Navaho sacred mountain, 90
Skin, painted, of Apache, 29-35 See Antelope skin; Buffalo skin; Deerskin
Skirts, sacred, used in childbirth, 39 See Clothing
Skunk in Jicarilla mythology, 61
Sky, creation of, in Apache myth, 27, 28 creation of, in Navaho myth, 91
Sky God of the Apache, 27, 28, 31, 33 of the Navaho, 98
Sky Messengers of Apache myth, 31, 32
Slaves made of captives by Navaho, 82
Small Dipper, creation of, in Navaho myth, 93
Smoking. See Pipes; Tobacco
Snake Girl. See Klí̆shcho Nalí̆n
Snake, Great, in Navaho myth, 97 in Jicarilla myth, 56, 58, 64 in Navaho myth, 90, 102 represented in Jicarilla dry-painting, 57
Snake People in Navaho myth, 111
Snipe Man in Navaho myth, 102
Social customs of the Jicarillas, 55 See Marriage; Mortuary customs; Puberty; Women
Songs addressed to God of Health, 33 employed in maturity rite, 46, 125 in Apache ceremony, 41-42 in Jicarilla myth, 57 in Navaho ceremonies, 138 in Navaho mythology, 84, 86, 94, 111, 112, 115 in Night Chant, 118, 119, 121, 123, 124 of Apache medicine-men, 32, 36 of gods in Apache myth, 26, 27, 32 of the Jicarillas, 58
Sonora, Apache raids into, 14 scalp bounty offered by, 6
Sorcery, penalty for, among Jicarillas, 135 See Witchcraft
Souls, belief in, by Jicarillas, 56
Spanish missionaries and the Apache, 4, 6 origin of Navaho metal-work, 136
Sparrow-hawk People in Navaho myth, 88
Spider in Jicarilla myth, 62
Spider Woman in Navaho myth, 100
Spirit Dance of the Apache, 48, 133
Spirits, Navaho dread of, 80 of the dead of the Apache, 134
Spruce used in Jicarilla ceremony, 57-60 used in Navaho Night Chant, 118-120
Squashes represented in dry-painting, 121
Squirrel. See Pine squirrel
Stars, creation of, in Apache myth, 30 in Navaho myth, 92-93
Stĕnátlĭhăn, an Apache goddess, 20, 21, 24-33, 133 represented in Apache painting, 20 symbolized on maternity belt, 39, 40
Storage baskets of the Apache, 21, 132
Suicide among Apache, 14
[pg 159]
Sumac, berries used by Apache, 19 used in making water bottles, 132
Sun, creation of, in Apache myth, 30 creation of, in Navaho myth, 92 in Jicarilla mythology, 62 the father of Twin Gods, 99 See also Sun God
Sunbeams in Navaho mythology, 96, 98
Sun-dogs in Navaho dry-painting, 79
Sunflower, stalks of, used for flutes, 84
Sun God in Navaho mythology, 98-106 See Chĕhonaái; Chuganaái; Chunnaái
Sŭsh Nalkái, a Navaho mythic bear, 106
Sweat, mythic creation from, 24, 25
Sweat-bath in Apache myth, 33 in Night Chant ceremony, 117, 118
Sweat-house in Apache myth, 26-27 in Navaho myth, 104
Symbol of faith among Apache, 43
Symbolism, ancient, discarded by Apache, 44, 45 color, of the Apache, 84 color, of the Jicarillas, 60, 61, 64, 66 color, of the Navaho, 84, 87, 90-92, 103, 115, 118 on Apache caps, 131 on Apache maternity belt, 38-39 on Apache medicine skin, 20, 30-36
Taboo of bear and fish, 20, 135 of conversation while masked, 123 of flesh in puberty ceremony, 47 of houses of the dead, 76 of mother-in-law among Navaho, 126 of names of the dead, 34 of salt in puberty ceremony, 47, 125 of scratching in puberty ceremony, 47, 125 of tsí̆ndi hogán by Navaho, 81
Tádtĭtĭn, Navaho name for pollen, 119 See Hádĭntĭn; Pollen
Talking God. See Hasché̆ltĭ
Taos, Jicarilla contact with, 53 mentioned in Jicarilla myth, 64 Navaho name for, 138
Tarantula in Apache myth, 25
Tattooing among Apache, 42
Tázhí̆. See Turkey
Temperature of White Mountain reservation, 13
Texas, Apache raids into, 9, 14
Tipis of the Jicarillas, 134
Tizwin. See Túlapai
To Ahánĭ clan, origin of, 97, 137
Tobacco depicted in dry-painting, 121 in Navaho myth, 103, 108-109, 115
Tobadzĭschí̆nĭ, a Navaho deity, 3, 138 birth and adventures of, 98-106 personated in Night Chant, 118 See also Kobadjischínĭ; Tubadzĭschí̆nĭ
To Dĭchínĭ clan, origin of, 97, 137
Toi Hatál. See Water Chant
Tónenĭlĭ, Navaho Rain God, 107, 115 personated in begging ceremony, 120
Tontos, Apache name for, 134 assigned to reservation, 8 population of, 131 subdued by Crook, 8
Tracking Bear, a Navaho monster, 99
Trade of the Jicarillas, 54
Travelling, Apache method of, 16, 17
Treaties with the Navaho, 82-83
Tree, Little, in Jicarilla myth, 69
Trees, creation of, in Apache myth, 27 terms for, 143
Tsannatí̆, Jicarilla clowns, 59
Tsé̆gyiĭ, a Navaho locality, 114, 116 See Cañon de Chelly
Tsé̆nagai. See Rolling Stone
Tsĕ Nahálĭ, preying Mountain Eagle, 106
Tsĕtahí̆dzĭlhtúhlĭ, a Navaho monster, 106
Tsilité̆n. See Coyote
Tsí̆ndi, meaning of, 80
Tsí̆ndi hogán defined, 76 taboo of, 81 See Hogán
Tsótzĭlh, a Navaho sacred mountain, 91, 105
Tubadzĭscí̆nĭ, an Apache deity, 31, 133 function of, 33 represented in Apache painting, 20 symbolized on maternity belt, 39, 40 See also Kobadjischínĭ; Tobadzĭschí̆nĭ
Túlapai drunk by the Apache, 19-20
Tule, pollen of, used by Apache, 38
Tu Ntĕlh, an Apache god, 40
Turkey in Apache myth, 28 in Navaho myth, 88 prayer-sticks with feathers of, 117
Turquoise, bowl of, in Apache myth, 33 clothing of, in Jicarilla myth, 63 in Apache myth, 26 in Jicarilla myth, 64
[pg 160]
Turquoise in Navaho myth, 91, 92, 97, 101, 103, 104, 106-107, 115 jewelry of the Navaho, 76 lance of Apache War God, 32 man born of, in Navaho myth, 84 pipe in Navaho myth, 108
Turquoise Boy of Apache myth, 31, 33
Turquoise Woman of Navaho myth, 97 See Dutlí̆shí Nalí̆n
Turtle monster in Jicarilla myth, 64-65
Tus. See Water bottle
Twin Gods of the Navaho, 98 See Nayé̆nĕzoanĭ; Tobadzĭschí̆nĭ
Tzĕs. See Elk
Tzĭlhkí̆chĭ Hatál. See Mountain Chant
Tzĭlhnúhodĭhlĭ, sacred mountain, created, 91, 96, 98, 104, 105
Underworld, Navaho origin in, 80, 83, 138 See Genesis
Ute, Jicarillas influenced by, 134 Jicarilla name for, 135
Valleys, creation of, in Apache myth, 28
Vegetation of White Mountain reservation, 13, 17 See Trees
Victorio, conference with, 7 surrender and death of, 9
Visions, God of, in Apache cosmology, 31 knowledge gained through, 32 medicine-men influenced by, 42, 43
Vocabulary, Southern Athapascan, 139-144
Walapai join in Apache hostilities, 8 tribal name of, 5
Walnuts eaten by Apache, 19
War ceremonies, God Dance a part of, 48 of extermination against Apache, 6, 7
War Gods, Navaho. See Nayé̆né̆zganĭ; Tobadzĭschí̆nĭ
Washing of hands in marriage ceremony, 126, 127 See Bathing; Hair-washing
Water, miraculous creation of, 97, 137 relation of Tubadzĭschí̆nĭ with, 133 Yólkai Ĕstsán conceives from, 98 See Yólkai Ĕstsán
Water bottle in Apache myth, 27-28, 30 in marriage ceremony, 126 in Navaho myth, 94 of the Apache, 16, 21, 132 of the Navaho, 77 sacred symbol prescribed for, 44
Water Chant of the Navaho, 78
Water God of the Apache, 33, 35 See Rain God
Water Monsters in Navaho mythology, 87
Water Sprinkler, a Navaho Rain God, 107, 115, 120
Weapons, Jicarilla, origin of, 69
Weasel in Navaho myth, 97
Weaving. See Blankets
Wheels in Jicarilla mythology, 62, 64 medicine, made by Apache, 10, 11
Whips, yucca, of the Navaho, 120-121
Whirling log represented in dry-painting, 120-121
Whirlwind in Navaho myth, 110
Whirlwind God of the Jicarillas, 60, 61 See Winds
White Corn Boy of Navaho myth, 96
White Mountain Apache, population of, 131
White Mountain reservation, Apache placed on, 9 character and area of, 13 "medicine" craze on, 10 property disputes on, 23
White objects created by Yólkai Skhĭn, 33 symbolic of prayer, 34
White river, Arizona, 11, 15, 17
White-Shell Boy of Apache myth, 31, 33
White-Shell Girl. See Yólkai Nalí̆n
White-Shell Man of Navaho myth, 97
White-Shell Woman. See Yólkai Ĕstsán
Wildcats in Jicarilla mythology, 64
Wind People of Navaho mythology, 95, 99
Winds, function of, in Navaho belief, 93, 95 how regarded by Apache, 35 in Apache myth, 25, 26 in Navaho mythology, 90, 93, 96, 97, 102, 110, 138 participation of, in Jicarilla creation, 61 pollen scattered to, 133
Witchcraft, penalty for, in future world, 56 See Sorcery
Wolf in Navaho myth, 97
Wolf People of the Navaho, 84, 87, 90, 95
Women, Apache, descent traced through, 22 Apache, dress of, 131 Apache, houses built by, 13 Apache, modesty of, 16
[pg 161]
Women, Apache, property right of, 22 Apache, status of, 13-14 chiefs in Navaho mythology, 84 how treated, in Jicarilla ceremony, 59 Jicarilla, dress of, 134 Jicarilla, hair-dressing of, 134 Jicarilla, modesty of, 58 Navaho, blanket weavers, 75 Navaho, clothing of, 136 Navaho, hair-dressing of, 136 Navaho, status of, 76 Navaho, work of, 85 separated from men in Navaho myth, 85 See Childbirth; Marriage; Puberty ceremony
Wool blankets, in Navaho myth of, 94
Wósakĭdĭ. See Grasshopper People
Yádĭlhkĭh Bĭnálzé̆, Sky Messengers, of Apache myth, 31
Yádĭlhkĭh Skhĭn. See Sky God
Yakósha Skhĭn, an Apache deity, 31, 35 See Apache-Mohave
Yavapai, application of name, 6, 53
Yébĭchai and Apache dance compared, 47 dance of the Navaho, 121 gods of the Navaho, 114 order, initiation into, 120, 121 signification of, 116
Yéĭtso, Big God of the Navaho, 98, 105
Yellow-Corn Girl of Navaho myth, 96
Yíyĕ. See Owl
Yoi Hatál. See Bead Chant
Yólkai Ĕstsán, a Jicarilla goddess, 62, 64, 68, 135 a Navaho goddess, 94-96, 98, 99, 105, 137, 138
Yólkai Nalí̆n, an Apache goddess, 31 function of, 34, 35 guardian of spirit-land, 134 how supplicated, 40
Yólkai Skhĭn, White-Shell Boy, of Apache, 31, 33
Yŭádiĭstan, an Apache god, 24
Yucca fruit eaten by Apache, 19 root in Navaho mythology, 94 root, washing with, 115, 125 used for head-band, 131 whips made of, 120-121
Yuma, Jicarilla name for, 135 Navaho name for, 138
Yuman and Apache relations, 5 and Jicarilla ceremony compared, 56
Zahadolzhá, Fringe-mouth gods of Navaho, 109, 113, 114, 123
Zuñi, Apache name for the, 134 Navaho name for, 138 people among Navaho, 137
THE END OF VOLUME I
The University Press, Cambridge, U.S.A.