INDEX.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, Y, Z

A. Abdul Aziz, Sultan of Turkey, Visit of, to England, II. 293; received at Windsor Castle, ib.; entertainments in his honour, 294; made Knight of the Garter, ib. Aberdeen, Lord (Fourth Earl), appointed Foreign Secretary, I. 97; his ready confidence in foreign powers, 199; his opinion of Free Trade, 208, 209; his adroit diplomacy with the United States, 231; the high esteem in which he was held by the Queen, 238; his attack on the foreign policy of the Russell Government, 394; his wish to drive Palmerston from office, 395; appointed Premier, 518; his sympathy with Russia, 546; three mistakes on the part of his Cabinet, 551; his desire for peace before the Crimean War, 555; confidence of the Queen in his policy, 563; speech on the Prince Consort’s position, 576; accusations against his Russian policy, 600, 617, 638; letter from the Queen regarding his Russian policy, 601; Prince Albert’s opinion of his war policy, 620; defeat of his Ministry, 627; his efforts to improve the condition of the army, 631; his death, II. 72; his character, ib. Aberdeen, Lord (Seventh Earl), appointed Viceroy of Ireland, II. 727 Aberdeen, inauguration of a statue to the Prince Consort by the Queen, II. 182; statue of the Queen unveiled by the Prince of Wales, 266; opening of water-works by the Queen, 267 Abergeldie, The bridge over the Dee at, II. 720 Abu Hamed, Gordon at, II. 711; the River Column at, 717 Abu Klea, Battle of, II. 713 Abu Kru, Battle of, II. 714 Abyssinia, the English expedition against King Theodore, II. 300, 312; envoys to the Queen, II. 695; the Treaty of Adowah, ib. “Acres and a Cow, Three,” II. 726 Act, Bank Charter, its favourable effect, I. 182 Act, Corporation, Repeal of the, I. 23 Act, Test, The repeal of the, I. 23 Acts, Criminal Law Consolidation, The, I. 28 Adam, The Right Hon. W. P., appointed First Commissioner of Works, II. 594 Adelaide, Queen, her ball to the Princess Victoria, I. 14 Aden, its occupation by the British, I. 52; the appearance of the town, ib. Admiralty, The construction of ironclad ships for the British navy proposed by, II. 126; reduction of its expenditure, 441; issue of the Fugitive Slave Circular, 489; violent popular agitation against, 704; errors in the accounts of, 710 Adowah, Treaty of, II. 695 Adullamites, The, II. 256 Affirmation Bill brought in by the Attorney-General, II. 658; efforts of the Tories to prevent it from coming into force, ib.; defeated by a majority of three, ib. Afghanistan, war declared by England on Shere Ali, II. 555; Lord Lytton’s disagreement with Shere Ali, 556; success of the British invasion, 567; the murder of Sir Louis Cavagnari, 573; unpopularity of Lord Lytton’s policy, 574; capture of Cabul by General Roberts, ib.; the affairs of the country in 1880, 598; Mr. Gladstone’s policy, 599; defeat of General Burrows, ib.; splendid generalship of Sir Frederick Roberts, ib.; rescue of Candahar, ib.; Lord Beaconsfield’s policy impossible, 610; dispute in Parliament as to the occupation of Candahar, 615; controversy between England and Russia about the frontier of, 719 Africa, South, outbreak of the Caffre War, I. 254; attack on the policy of the English Government in, II. 662; contention between Liberals and Conservatives regarding, ib. Agricultural Holdings Bill, the strong opposition to, II. 659; its terms, ib.; Mr. A. J. Balfour’s amendment, ib.; Mr. Clare Sewell Read’s remark on, ib.; Mr. Balfour’s amendment struck out on the Report, ib.; attempt of the House of Lords to mutilate the Bill, ib.; the amendments of the House of Lords rejected by the Commons, ib.; the measure passed, ib.; Lord Salisbury’s failure to hold his party firm to the policy of resistance, ib. Aix-les-Bains, The Queen’s visit to, II. 719, 740 Akbar Khan, Treachery of, I. 118; defeated, 121 Alabama Claims, The, II. 342; settled by arbitration, 390; discussion on the matter in the House of Commons, 421; the story of the controversy, 422; the award of the arbitrators, ib.; Lord Chief Justice Cockburn’s opinion, 423 Albany, Duke of, the title conferred on Prince Leopold, II. 626; a title of evil omen, ib.; see also Leopold, Prince Albert, Prince, his birth and parentage, I. 60; his admirable disposition, ib.; his visit to England, ib.; his studies at Bonn, 61; his suit accepted by the Queen, 62; letters patent regarding his precedence, 66; rumours as to his religious views, ib.; letter to the Queen in regard to his Protestantism, ib.; his arrival in England, 68; his enthusiastic reception, ib.; his marriage, ib.; his trying position, 71; his desire to abolish duelling, 72; collision with Court functionaries, ib.; his reforms in household economy, 74; domestic life, 75; appointed Regent, 83; his study of English law, ib.; a letter to his father, 91; a royal tour, 94; Lord Melbourne’s opinion of him, 103; a remark of the Queen on his kindness, ib.; his generous reception of Sir Robert Peel, ib.; appointed Chairman of a Royal Commission on the Fine Arts, 104, 105; his accurate knowledge of English, 105; his first public speech, ib.; lays the foundation stone of the London Association, ib.; present at a ball in Buckingham Palace, 107; visit to Scotland, 126; his interest in English politics, 127; the proposal to appoint him Commander-in-Chief, 128; his irreproachable life, ib.; his opinion of Sir Robert Peel, 140; acting as representative of the Queen, 141; his interest in Fine Art, 142; receives the degree of D.C.L. from Oxford, 146; visits Birmingham, 147; distinction in the hunting-field, ib.; his interest in agriculture, 148; the model works in Windsor Park, ib.; death of his father, 158; visit to Germany, 159; title of Consort proposed, 185; visit to the Continent, 194; attacked by Lord George Bentinck in the Corn Law debate, 226; proposed assessment of Flemish Farm, 260; visits the Isle of Wight, 261; opens the Albert Dock at Liverpool, 262; nominated Chancellor of Cambridge University, 307; agrees to take office as Chancellor of Cambridge, 310; his arguments for an Anglo-German alliance, 322; appointed President of the society for the improvement of the working classes, 358; impressive speech to the working classes, 359, 360; his revised course of studies carried at Cambridge, 369; speech to the Royal Dublin Society, 409; his idea of the International Exhibition, 417; speech on the International Exhibition, 450; attacked by the press, 454; his energy at the International Exhibition, 480; anxieties in regard to the Exhibition, 520; accusations against him as sympathising with Russia, 617; visit to France, 621; his plan for an Army Reserve at Malta, 623; his opinion of Austrian policy, ib.; efforts to improve the condition of the army, 631; speech on the Russian War, 639; present at a Council of War at Windsor, 651; attacked by the Times for military jobbery, 667; his scheme for a new military organisation, 694; opens the Art Treasures Exhibition at Manchester, 739; receives the title of Prince Consort by letters patent, 743; his advice to the King of Prussia regarding German unity, II. 90; his last illness, 92-96; the widespread grief of the British people at his death, 98; his character, 104-107; his funeral, 107-110; the interment at Frogmore, 146; his memorandum regarding Turkey, 531 Albert Hall, Royal, laying the foundation stone of, II. 291; opened by the Queen, 409 Albert Memorial, Scottish National, at Edinburgh, unveiled by the Queen, II. 503 Albert Victor, Prince of Wales, receives the Order of the Garter, II. 667; the investiture a private function, ib.; a proof of the high favour in which he was held by the Queen, ib.; coming of age of, 719 Alberto Azzo, his union with the House of Guelph, I. 4 Aldershot, Visit of the Queen to, II. 265 Alexander II. of Russia declared Emperor, I. 633; his death, II. 623; his humane character, ib.; the liberation of the serfs accomplished by him, ib.; his devotion to the highest interests of Russia, ib.; his judicious management of the war with Turkey, 623-4 Alexandra, Princess of Denmark, her entry into London, II. 152; her marriage to the Prince of Wales, 158 Alexandria, English and French fleets despatched to, II. 642; riot in the city, ib.; the British Consul injured, ib.; French and English subjects slain, ib.; a stampede of the foreign population, ib.; Arabi Pasha strengthens the fortifications, ib.; the forts bombarded by the British fleet, ib.; the city seized by a fanatical mob, ib. Alfred, Prince, his birth, I. 167; his sponsors at christening, 171; his successful preparation for the navy, II. 23; his visit to Cape Town, 69; attempted assassination by O’Farrel, 316; his betrothal to the Duchess Marie of Russia, 451; his marriage, 453 Alice, Princess, Marriage of, to Prince Louis of Hesse, II. 141-2; her sedulous consolation to her mother, 143; recipient of the Queen’s confidences, 228; her death, 509; the esteem in which she was held by the English people, 560; her life in Germany, 561 Alliance, The new Holy, between Austria, Russia, and Prussia, II. 59 Allotments Bill passed, II. 738 Alma, The battle of the, I. 607 Alula Ras, leader of the Abyssinians, II. 718 America, the discovery of gold in California, I. 535 Amos, Mr., appointed the Queen’s tutor in Constitutional Government, I. 14 Angra Pequena annexed by Germany, II. 684 Arabi Pasha, the disagreement between the partners in the Dual Control as to the course that should be adopted towards him, II. 641; he becomes the real Minister of War, ib.; loaded with decorations, 642; the rank and title of Pasha conferred upon him, ib.; virtually Dictator of Egypt, ib.; his policy of “Egypt for the Egyptians,” ib.; French and English consuls advise his expulsion, ib.; he resigns, ib.; a second time Minister of War, ib.; ostentatiously strengthens the forts of Alexandria, ib.; takes up a position at Tel-el-Kebir after the bombardment of the Alexandrian forts, ib.; English expedition sent against him, ib.; defeated by General Wolseley at Kassassin, ib.; the battle of Tel-el-Kebir, ib.; to the British troops at Cairo, ib.; saved from capital punishment by the English Government, ib.; exiled to Ceylon, ib. Argyle, Duke of, appointed Lord Privy Seal, I. 519; his success at the India Office, II. 343; appointed Lord Privy Seal, 594; resignation on Mr. Gladstone’s Irish Land Bill, 616 Ascot Race Week, The Queen and, II. 721 Ashanti, Outbreak of war in, II. 461; capture of Coomassie by Sir Garnet Wolseley, ib. Ashbourne’s, Lord, Land Bill, II. 710 Ashley, Lord, see Shaftesbury Ashley, Mr. Evelyn, his Life of Lord Palmerston, I. 395 Auckland, Lord, his negotiations with Dost Mahomed in Afghanistan, I. 112; his unfortunate policy, ib.; declares war against Dost Mahomed, 114; created an Earl, ib.; reversal of his policy in Afghanistan, 122 Australia, discussion in Parliament, as to its legislative constitution, I. 439; the discovery of gold, 496; the rush to the gold-fields, 535; effect of the gold discovery on the colony, 538; results of the gold discovery in England, ib.; excitement on account of German annexation of New Guinea, II. 686 Australian Contingent, The, in the Soudan campaign, II. 717 Austria, Absorption by, of the Republic of Cracow, I. 259; triumph over Italy, 422; overthrow of Hungarian independence, 423; General Haynau’s unpopularity in England, 457; Lord Palmerston’s note on the Haynau incident, 457; policy during the dispute between Russia and Turkey, 551, 553, 582, 623; signature of the Protocol, 584; makes terms with Prussia, 585; treaty with Turkey, 586; refuses to join with England against Russia, 639; concessions made to Lord Cowley regarding Italy, II. 34; declaration of war against Sardinia, 35; defeated in the Italian War, 38; proposal by the Emperor regarding Venetia, 56; difficulties with Hungary, 79; the war with Prussia, 280; expelled from German unity, 281; policy during the Russo-Turkish War, 530; rumour as to its opposition to Mr. Gladstone, 596; Mr. Gladstone’s reply to Austrian criticism, ib.; political capital made out of Mr. Gladstone’s explanatory letter to Count Karolyi, 597 B. Baden, the institution of a Free Press, of a National Guard, and of Trial by Jury, I. 346 Baillie, Mr., his motion regarding Ceylon and Guiana, I. 382 Baines, Mr., his proposal regarding the vote for the boroughs, II. 214 Baker Pasha put in command of the Egyptian native police, II. 643; defeated by the Mahdi at Tokar, 672 Balaclava, The Battle of, I. 611-613; Campbell’s “thin red line,” 612; charge of the Heavy Brigade, 613; charge of the Light Brigade, 614 Balfour, Mr. A. J., one of the founders of the Fourth Party, II. 594; his obstructionist tactics, 601; becomes President of the Local Government Board, 708; appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, 735; his Coercion Bill and its chief provisions, 735-6 Ballot Bill, Discussion in Parliament as to the conditions of the, II. 395; passing of the Ballot Act, 423 Balmoral described by the Queen, I. 366; visited by the Queen, 412, 458, 459, 487, 622, 660, 696; II. 293, 431, 606, 627, 666, 667; Greville’s description of the Queen’s life at, 415 Balmoral, Countess of, the Queen’s assumed title during her visit to Italy, II. 580 Bank Charter Act, its favourable effect, I. 182 Bankruptcy Bill, The, carried in Parliament, II. 86; real progress made with it, 658; its main object to provide for an independent examination into all circumstances of insolvency by officials of the Board of Trade, ib.; read a second time, ib.; referred to the Grand Committee on Trade, ib.; passed by the House of Lords without cavil, ib.; Mr. Chamberlain’s ability and tact in conducting it, ib. Bankruptcy Clauses of the Irish Land Bill, II. 736 Bannerman, Mr. Campbell-, attacks the Bankruptcy Clauses of the Irish Land Bill, II. 736 Baring, Mr., his budget, I. 90; proposed alterations on the Sugar Duties, ib. Battenberg, Prince Henry of, II. 718; made Knight of the Garter, 722; assumes title of His Royal Highness, ib.; question of the legality of this assumption, ib. Bavuda Desert, The march across the, II. 713 Beaconsfield, Lord, see Disraeli, Mr. Beales, Mr., his leadership of the Reform League, II. 270 Bean, his attempt on the Queen’s life, I. 110 Beatrice, Princess, Betrothal of, II. 718; unpopularity of her marriage, ib.; annuity to her on her marriage, 720; marriage of, 722; welcome in the Highlands after her marriage, 723 Beer Duty instituted by Mr. Gladstone, II. 601 Belfast visited by the Queen and the Prince Consort, I. 410 Belgium, proposed visit of the Queen, I. 126 Belt, Mr., sculptor of the Queen’s monument to Lord Beaconsfield in Hughenden Church, II. 643 Beniowski, Major, his leadership of the Chartist rising in Wales, I. 329 Benson, Dr., Archbishop of Canterbury, nominated by Archbishop Tait as his successor, II. 650 Bentham, Jeremy, his exposure of the needless severity of the Criminal Code, I. 27 Bentinck, Lord George, attacks Prince Albert in a speech during a debate about the Corn Laws, I. 226; his contention against Free Trade, 275; his Bill for railways in Ireland, 278; imprudent speech on the European Powers, 301; his championship of the West Indies planters, 350; his death, 371; his character, ib. Beresford, Lord Charles, rescues Sir Charles Wilson, II. 716 Berlin, the rising against the Government, I. 346 Besant, Mr. Walter, his revelations of East London life, II. 668; impetus to social reform by his novels, ib.; his ideal in “All Sorts and Conditions of Men,” ib.; the effect of his writings on London society, ib.; practically the originator of the People’s Palace in East London, 740 Bessborough, Lord, his support of Wellington on Free Trade, I. 227; appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 245; his death, 292 Beyrout bombarded by the European allies, I. 86 Biggar, Mr., his co-operation with Mr. Parnell, II. 488; development of the policy of obstruction, 499 Bill, Education, introduced in the House of Commons, II. 355, 360; its terms, 360; criticism by Mr. Mill and Mr. Fawcett, 361; passed by both Houses, 362; adverse criticism by the Dissenters, 457; Mr. Forster’s compromise to the Dissenters, 458 Birch, Mr., appointed tutor to the of Wales, I. 403 Birmingham, The Queen’s visit to, in 1858, II. 20; Her Majesty opens Aston Hall and Park, ib.; the Queen opens the Law Courts in, 739; enthusiasm of her reception, ib. Bismarck, Herr Von, his policy towards Russia, I. 554; his mission to the German States, II. 495; his view regarding the German conditions at the close of the Franco-German War, 403 Blignières, M. de, resigns his position on the Dual Control, II. 642 Bonaparte, Charles Louis, see Napoleon III. Boniface, Duke of Tuscany, a supposed ancestor of the Queen, I. 4 Borneo, The work of Sir James Brooke in, I. 187, 188; its defiance of English authority, 254; proclamation of Sir J. Cochrane to the natives, ib. Boscawen, Col., in tactical command of Sir Herbert Stewart’s column in the Nile Expedition, II. 714 Boycotting, origin of the term, II. 603 Brackenbury, General, in command of the River Column, II. 717 Bradlaugh, Mr., his first attempt to take an affirmation on entering Parliament, II. 595; opposition of the Fourth Party, ib.; Mr. Labouchere’s motion in his favour, ib.; imprisoned in the Clock Tower, ib.; Mr. Gladstone’s motion to allow him to affirm at his own risk, ib.; his re-election for Northampton, 618; Tory opposition to his taking the seat, ib.; attempt to force his way into the House of Commons, ib.: renewed attempt to take the oath, 630; his second return for Northampton, ib.; excluded from the precincts of the House of Parliament, ib.; his promise not to press his claim to be sworn till the Affirmation Bill had been determined, 658; writes to the Speaker claiming his right to take the oath, ib.; Sir Stafford Northcote’s resolution preventing him from taking the oath, ib.; his threat to treat the resolution as invalid, ib.; Sir S. Northcote’s resolution excluding him from the precincts of the House of Parliament, ib.; his action against the Sergeant-at-Arms, ib.; again prevented from taking his seat, 676; excluded from the House of Commons, ib.; takes the oath, 726 Brand, Sir Henry, Speaker of the House of Commons, elevated to the peerage, II. 676 Bright, Mr., his work with Cobden as leader of the Anti-Corn Law Movement, I. 88; his championship of Free Trade, 201; his powerful eloquence, 202; his view of the Education Vote, 283; his opposition to Shaftesbury’s “Ten Hours Bill,” 286; his opinions on the Irish Question, 378; his teaching regarding the colonies, 380; his ineffectual efforts to preserve peace before the Crimean War, 578; speech against the Russian War, 590; his attacks on the propertied classes, II. 31; his view regarding the Trent dispute, 122; speech at Birmingham on the Irish Question, 302; speech in the House of Commons on the Irish Question, 334; his administration at the Board of Trade, 342; resignation of office at the Board of Trade, 387; appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, 439; his opposition to Mr. Forster’s Education Bill, 458; his proposal regarding the Ashanti War, 462; his speech against the Beaconsfield Government, 583; speech on the Irish Question, 603; his withdrawal from the Cabinet because of the bombardment of the forts at Alexandria, 654; his denunciation of the Obstructionists, 660; joins the Liberal Unionists, 729 Broadfoot, Lieut., Murder of, at Cabul, I. 117 Broadhurst, Mr., opposes the vote to Prince Leopold on his marriage, II. 646 Brooke, Sir James, his services in Borneo, I. 187, 188; his conduct impugned by Cobden, ib. Brougham, Lord, his speeches on the revolt in Canada, I. 34; his quarrel with the Whig leaders, 47; his remarks on Roman Catholicism and the English Crown, 66; remark on the Irish famine, 278; his opposition to the “Ten Hours Bill,” 287; his attack on the Rebellion Losses Bill, 383; failure of his attack on Lord Palmerston, 396 Bruce, Mr. Austin (afterwards Lord Aberdare), the Habitual Criminals Act, II. 339 Buccleuch, the Duke of, the Queen’s Visit to, II. 732 Buckingham, Duke of, appointed President of the Council, II. 257 Buckingham Palace, great ball in 1842, I. 107 Budget Defeat, the Queen’s constitutional point about a ministerial resignation on a, II. 707 Bulgarian Atrocities, The, II. 506-511 Buller, Charles, his co-operation with Lord Durham in preparing a system of self-government for Canada, I. 35; his distinction between colonisation and emigration, 283; his condemnation of England’s colonial policy, 386 Bunsen, Baroness, description of the meeting of Parliament in 1842, I. 107; account of a royal party at Buckingham Palace, 304; description of the Prince Consort’s installation as Chancellor of Cambridge University, 311 Buol, Count, his suggestion at the Second Vienna Conference, I. 634 Burgoyne, Sir J., his opinion regarding the storming of Sebastopol, I. 609 Burmah, outbreak of war, I. 503; blockade of Rangoon by the British, 504; an embassy to the Queen, II. 429; the conquest by Great Britain, 698 Burmah, Upper, annexed to the Indian Empire, II. 723 Burnaby, Colonel Fred, killed in the battle of Abu Klea, II. 713 Burnes, Sir Alexander, his mission to Cabul, I. 112; the garbling of his , ib.; appointed assistant secretary to Shah Soojah, 113; massacred at Cabul, 117 Butt, Mr. Isaac, his leadership of the Home Rule Party, II. 426 C. Cabul, insurrection of the Afghans, I. 117; entered by the British, 121; Sir Frederick Roberts master of, II. 574 Caffre War, Outbreak of the, I. 254 Cairns, Lord, appointed Lord Chancellor, II. 304; his resignation of the leadership of the Tory party, 358; Lord Chancellor under Disraeli, 465; his Judicature Bill, 484; his amendment to Mr. Gladstone’s Reform Bill of 1884, 677 Cairo, stampede of the foreign population after the riot at Alexandria, II. 642; capture of the city by General Drury Lowe, 643; surrender of Arabi Pasha, ib.; the Khedive reinstated, ib. Cambridge, the Prince Consort’s installation as Chancellor of the University, I. 310-314; its many pleasant associations with the Queen’s married life, 314; Prince Albert’s revised course of studies, 369 Cambridge, Duke of, conveys the Queen’s congratulations to the volunteers on the coming of age of the force, II. 607 Campbell, Sir Colin, his plans at Sebastopol, I. 609; his consummate skill at Balaclava, 611; the confidence in his leadership, 671; his lack of “interest,” 674; his return to England and proposed resignation, 675; an interview with the Queen, ib.; his work in India, 735; the relief of Lucknow, 737; defeat of the rebels at Cawnpore, ib.; the final capture of Lucknow, II. 2; his regulations regarding the control of the Indian army, 26 Campbell, Sir John, his opinion in regard to Chartism, I. 58 Campbell, Lord, appointed Chancellor of the Duchy, I. 245; a letter in regard to the Russell Ministry, 246; an account of a Cabinet meeting, 277; a visit to Windsor, 290; a letter regarding an interview with the Queen, 291; an amusing account of a banquet, ib.; an account of a royal party at Buckingham Palace, 306; the Crown Security Bill, 355; his speech on the position of the Prince Consort, 576; his opinion on Baron Parke’s life-peerage, 682; the passing of the Divorce Bill, 713 Campbell-Bannerman, Mr., attacks the Bankruptcy Clauses of the Irish Land Bill, II. 736 Canada, its early discontents, I. 31; resolutions in Parliament regarding reform, 32; the serious condition of the Lower Provinces, ib.; sympathisers in the United States, ib.; seizure of Navy Island, ib.; jealousy between the Upper and Lower Provinces, 34; suppression of the revolt, ib.; the Ashburton Treaty, 168; opposition to Free Trade, ib.; evil effects of Peel’s policy, 251; riot in Montreal, 382; the Rebellion Losses Bill, 383; cordial welcome to the Prince of Wales, II. 67; feeling of uneasiness in England in case of war between Canada and the United States, 234; scandal regarding the Canadian Pacific Railway, 459; rebellion of half-breeds in the North-West of, 723; the rising put down by Sir F. Middleton, ib. Cannes, the Duke of Albany dies at, II. 687; the Queen’s visit to, 740 Canning, Lord, Viceroy of India, I. 724; his vigorous policy during the Mutiny, 734; Tory hostility to his policy, II. 7; his recall petitioned for, 17; supported by the Queen, ib.; censured by Lord Ellenborough, ib.; Lord Ellenborough resigns, 18 Canton, capture by the British, II. 4 Cardigan, Lord, and the charge of the Light Brigade, I. 614 Cardwell, Mr., his economic reforms in the army, II. 340; his inefficiency as head of the War Department, 363; his Army Bill 391; the favourable reception of his Army Bill, 424 Carey, Lieutenant, tried by court-martial regarding the death of the Prince Imperial, II. 578; restored to his rank by the Duke of Cambridge, ib. Carlyle, Mr., his attacks on the governing classes of England, I. 358; his interview with the Queen, II. 346 Carnarvon, Lord, Secretary for the Colonies, II. 257; resignation of office, 275; Secretary for the Colonies under Mr. Disraeli, 465; his second resignation, 535; his scheme of Home Rule, 724; resigns the Viceroyalty of Ireland, 726 Cathcart, Lord, his speech to the Canadian Parliament, I. 250; the amendment to his speech, ib. Cavagnari, Sir Louis, Murder of, at Cabul, II. 573 Cavour, Count, his visit to England, I. 664; his threats to Napoleon III., II. 34; his protest against the conquest of the Sicilies, I. 54; his death, 79 Cawnpore, the massacre of English residents by Nana Sahib, II. 731 Cetewayo, King of the Zulus, ally of England. II. 563; fights at Isandhiwana, 564 Ceylon, Lord Torrington’s fiscal mistakes, I. 382 Chamberlain, Mr., his adverse criticism of Mr. Forster’s Education Bill, II. 458; his reception as Mayor of Birmingham of the Prince and Princess of Wales, 478; his opposition to the continuance of flogging in the army, 569; his skill as a debater, 571; his supposed Socialism, 593; his distinction in Parliament, ib.; Mr. Gladstone’s objection to his securing a place in the Cabinet, 594; Whig antagonism to his Cabinet rank, ib.; President of the Board of Trade, ib.; social campaign against him and the Radical section of the Cabinet, 603; his Bill enabling Corporations to adopt electric lighting, 635; introduces a Merchant Shipping Bill, 678; Lord Randolph Churchill’s accusation against him in regard to the Aston riots, ib.; his Socialistic appeals to the electors, 698; possible coalition with Lord R. Churchill, ib.; the “doctrine of ransom,” ib.; abolition of taxation part of his scheme, ib.; his “ransom” doctrine and its effect on the country, 724; his “unauthorised programme,” ib.; his scheme of Home Rule, ib.; his withdrawal from Mr. Gladstone’s Cabinet, 727; joins the Liberal Unionists, 729 Chambers, Messrs., their petition against the Paper Duty, I. 391 Charles of Hesse, Death of the Princess, II. 719 Charles of Prussia, Prince, Death of, (the “Red Prince”), II. 721 Charrington, Lieutenant, his mission with Professor Palmer to detach the Bedouins from the side of Arabi Pasha, II. 642; murdered at the Wells of Moses, ib. Chartists, their hatred of the Queen, I. 38; their demands, 48; declaration of the “People’s Charter,” 49; their meetings proclaimed, 50; petition to the Government, 58; riot at Birmingham, ib.; the vigour of the movement, ib.; their turbulent Socialism, 59; alarm of the Government, ib.; disturbances in 1842, 126; demonstration on Kennington Common, 327, 331; a secret society, 328; in league with foreign revolutionists, 329; sympathy from the Tories, ib.; their political organisation, 330; the two divisions, ib.; their first check, ib.; peaceful nature of the movement, 334; reconstruction of the party by Mr. Ernest Jones, 335; seizure of conspirators at Bloomsbury, 338; collapse of the organisation, ib.; effect of the rising on Parliament, 354 Chartreuse, the Queen visits the Grande, II. 740 Chelmsford, Lord, Lord Chancellor, II. 257 Childers, Mr., his economic reforms in the navy, II. 340; his vigorous policy at the Admiralty, 365, 424; War Secretary, 594; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 654; his Budget for 1883, 659; reduces the Income Tax, ib.; introduces a Bill to reduce the National Debt, ib.; his Budget for 1884, 677; rejection of his 1885 Budget, 706 Children’s celebration of the Queen’s Jubilee in Hyde Park, II. 747 China, war with England, I. 52; the opium trade, ib.; the peace of Nankin, ib.; the treaty in regard to commerce, 53; disturbances at Canton, 254; completion of a treaty with England, ib.; outbreak of war with England, 705; hostilities with England, II. 47 Chobham, Experimental military camp at, I. 567 Christian, Mr. Edward, his view in regard to the constitution of the Cabinet Council, I. 26 Churchill, Lord Randolph, his foundation of the Fourth Party, II. 594; his obstructionist tactics, 600; attack on the Government in regard to the Egyptian Question, 636; co-operation with the Parnellites, 706; becomes Secretary of State for India, 708; is appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons, 730; resigns the Chancellorship of the Exchequer, 731 Circular, The, in regard to Fugitive Slaves, II. 489 Clanricarde, Marquis of, his Land Bill for Ireland, II. 286 Clarendon, Lord, a remark on Lord John Russell, I. 239; his satisfaction with the Queen’s visit to Ireland, 410, 411; Chancellor of the Queen’s University of Ireland, 415; his impartial administration in Ireland, 443; his policy during the Russo-Turkish War difficulty, 578; his impetuous despatch of the ultimatum to Russia, 582; his statement regarding the war between England and Russia, 591; remarks on the Queen and Prince Albert, II. 5, 6; the Queen’s confidence in his advice, 44; appointed Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, 245; his death, 366 Closure, The, proposed by the Tories, II. 734 Coal Mines Regulation Bill, The, passed, II. 738 Cobden, Mr., his birth and early career, I. 87; his work in the repeal of the Corn Laws, ib.; co-operation with Mr. Bright in the Anti-Corn Law Movement, 88; enters Parliament, 98; attack on Sir Robert Peel, 137; his aims, 207; receives a testimonial from Free Traders, 241; rejection of his first scheme for international arbitration, 391; his resolutions in favour of a general reduction of expenditure, 446; his motion for general disarmament among European powers, 475; his ineffectual efforts to preserve peace during the Russo-Turkish difficulty, 578; challenges the whole policy of the Government in the Russo-Turkish Question, 587, 591; his motion against the war with China, 706; his Commercial Treaty, II. 48; attack on Palmerston’s foreign policy, 207; his death, 235; the leading ideas of the Manchester School, ib. Cochrane, Mr., his proposal regarding the Income Tax, I. 327 Cockburn, Sir Alexander, his eloquent speech on the foreign policy of the Russell Government, I. 435 Codrington, General, his inefficiency at Sebastopol, I. 671 Coercion for Ireland, Mr. Balfour’s permanent, II. 736 Colley, Sir George Pomeroy, Death of, II. 619 Collings, Mr. Jesse, defeats the Tory Government in 1886 on the question of allotments for labourers, II. 727 Colonisation, attention given to the question, I. 130; a preliminary expedition to New Zealand, ib. Connaught, Duke of, his marriage to the Princess Louise of Prussia, II. 578 Conolly, Captain Arthur, his mission to Persia, I. 123; his death, 124 Constantine, the Grand Duke, his visit to England, I. 742 Constantinople, English protection of, II. 533 Conyngham, Marquis of, one of the messengers to the Queen announcing the death of King William IV., I. 1 Cooper, Thomas, his advocacy of Chartist principles, I. 58 Corn Laws, the association for their repeal, I. 87; Cobden’s advocacy of repeal, ib.; the Anti-Corn Law League, 88; systematic spread of opinion against them, ib.; Lord John Russell’s motion, 90, 91; reference in the Queen’s Speech, 95; bitter debate in Parliament, 223 Corporation Act, The repeal of the, I. 23 Corrupt Practices Bill read a second time, II. 658; its stringent penalties, ib.; opposed by Tories, Radicals, and Parnellites, ib.; passed by both Houses, ib. Corry, Mr., First Lord of the Admiralty, II. 275 Corry, Mr. Montagu, see Rowton, Lord Cottenham, Lord Chancellor, administers the oath to the Queen, I. 19 Cotton, Sir Willoughby, in command in Afghanistan, I. 116 Cotton famine in Lancashire, The, I. 123 Cowan, Lord Mayor, the Queen’s visit at his inauguration, I. 31 Cowell, Lieutenant, tutor to Prince Alfred, I. 692 Cowper, Lord, Irish Viceroy, II. 632 Cranworth, Lord, Lord Chancellor, I. 519; his bill for altering the punishment of transportation, 535 Crawford, Mr. Sharman, his motion in regard to Ireland, I. 354 Crimean War, the, Origin of, I. 540; the declaration of war by England, 583; review of the fleet at Spithead, 584; Mr. Cobden’s advocacy of peace, 587; the attitude of Prussia, 593; Mr. Gladstone’s War Budget, 597; operations in the Black Sea, 603; the battle of the Alma, 607; blunders of the Allies, 609; the battle of Balaclava, 611; the charge of the “Six Hundred,” 614; the battle of Inkermann, 615; the Austrian proposals, 623; the Vienna Conference, 634; death of Lord Raglan, 641; the Queen decorates returned soldiers, 647; the assault on the Redan, 671; fall of Sebastopol, 673; peace declared, 683 Crimes Act abandoned in 1885 by the Tory party, II. 710 Criminal Appeal, Court of, Bill for establishing, opposed by the Tories, II. 658; Bill before the Grand Committee on Law, ib.; the Bill dropped by the Government, ib. Criminal Code Bill read a second time, II. 658 ; opposition of the Irish Party, ib.; obstructed by Lord Randolph Churchill and the Fourth Party, ib.; abandoned by Sir Henry James, ib.; Sir Henry Drummond-Wolff’s question regarding, ib. Criminal Law Consolidation Acts, The, I. 28 Critic, British, its articles on the Tractarian Movement, I. 99 Croker, Mr. J. W., his attack on the Anti-Corn Law League, I. 211; his opposition to the Russian War, 618 Cross, Mr. R. A. (afterwards Viscount Cross), Home Secretary, II. 465; his Licensing Bill, 470; his Artisans’ Dwellings Bill, 483; passes the Prisons Bill, 518; his opposition to the Bill establishing a Court of Appeal in Criminal Cases, 658 Crown Prince of Germany, see Frederick, Crown Prince Cumberland, Duke of, the Orange plot for his accession to the throne, I. 37; popular rejoicing at his departure from England, 38 Cupar-Fife, Seizure of packages of dynamite at, II. 661 Cyprus annexed by the British, I. 550 D. Dalhousie, Lord, denied a place in the Russell Cabinet, I. 244; the annexation of Burmah, 506; his viceregal government in India, 720, 722; his system of education unpopular, 723 Dalkeith Palace, Visit of the Queen to, II. 732 Darmstadt, The Queen at (1885), II. 719 Darwin, Mr. Charles, his death, II. 649; his skill as a scientific investigator, ib.; his profound influence on the thought of the Victorian Age, ib.; the great work of his life, ib.; the impetus to science from his doctrine of Evolution, 650 Davis, Thomas Osborne, his connection with the Young Ireland Party, I. 339; editor of the Nation newspaper, ib.; his attack on English ideas, 340 Davitt, Michael, the organisation of the Land League, I. 602; his arrest, 612 Davy, Sir Humphry, his discoveries in photography, I. 177 Delhi, outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny, I. 730; recaptured by the British, 734 Demerara, discontent in, 1849, I. 382 Denison, Mr., elected Speaker of the House of Commons, II. 254 Denman, Lord, his opinion on the Hampden ecclesiastical case, I. 300 Denmark, the dispute in regard to the Duchies of Sleswig-Holstein, II. 79; war with Germany, 187 Dickens, Mr. Charles, his death, II. 379; his mission as a novelist, ib.; his qualities as a writer, ib.; the Queen’s admiration of his genius, 381; invited to Buckingham Palace, 382; refuses a baronetcy, 383 Derby, Lord (fourteenth Earl), his formation of a Protectionist Ministry, I. 499; excellent practical work of his Government, 503; resignation of office, 518; attack on the Palmerston Government, 681; support of Lord Canning’s policy in India, II. 7; asked to form a Cabinet, ib.; resignation of his Government, 36; letter on the Italian Question, 46; his Cabinet, 257; resigns the Premiership, 303; his death, 350; his character, 351 Derby, Lord (fifteenth Earl), the Fugitive Slave Circular, II. 489; proposals to Turkey in regard to Bulgaria, 507; negotiations regarding Turkey, 508; his policy during the Russo-Turkish War, 529, 530; his objection to a Congress on the Turkish Question, 540; his resignation, 542; his commendable attitude during the Russo-Turkish crisis, 543; Secretary to the Colonies, 654; his vacillating policy regarding British territory in Africa, 683; his mistaken policy in regard to Queensland and New Guinea, 685; takes possession of territory at Saint Lucia Bay and Pondoland, 686 Dicey, Mr. Edward, urges the policy of establishing a British Protectorate in Egypt, II. 638, 674 Digna, Osman, defeated by General Graham, II. 718; in conflict with the Abyssinians, ib. Dilke, Sir Charles, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, II. 594; President of the Local Government Board, 655 Dillon, Mr., his passionate appeals against English government in Ireland, II. 615; proposes the “Plan of Campaign,” 730; abortive prosecution of, 735 Disraeli, Mr., his birth and parentage, I. 50; his novels, ib.; his dislike of the Whigs, ib.; member for Maidstone, 51; his personal appearance, ib.; his maiden speech, ib.; his attack on O’Connell, ib.; the nature of his Conservatism, ib.; the beginning of his influence, 190; the pungency of his style, 191; his opposition to Sir Robert Peel, ib.; the “Young England” Party, ib.; his speech against Peel on the Corn Laws, 223; leadership of the Protectionists, 375; the debate on the state of the nation, 399; his amendment to the Queen’s Speech in 1850, 424; his proposal to revise the Poor Law, ib.; his advocacy of Imperial Federation for Australia, 439; his tactics in regard to the motion on salaries, 445; his motion for the relief of agricultural depression, 465; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 499; complaints against his leadership in the House of Commons, 500; his Budget speech in 1852, 502; his political tactics, 516; his fatal Budget, ib.; his leadership of the Tories at the Crimean crisis, 635, 679, 680; his attacks on Lord Palmerston’s Italian policy, 696; coalition with Mr. Gladstone, 700; attack on the foreign policy of the Government, ib.; his support of Lord Canning’s policy in India, II. 7; his India Bill, 17; his Reform Bill, 32; support of Lord Palmerston’s Ministry, 75, 82; his view in regard to the American Civil War, 119; attack on Mr. Gladstone’s Budget of 1860, 125; attack on Palmerston’s diplomacy with Denmark, 204; moves a vote of censure on Palmerston’s policy with Denmark, 206; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 257; speech on Reform, 271; his proposals in regard to Reform, 274; “educating his party,” 278; his Budget for 1867, 283; Premier, 303; a faulty electoral address, 314; resigns office, 315; his speech on the Disestablishment of the Irish Church, 331; his amendment to Mr. Gladstone’s motion on the Irish Church, 332, 334-5; his criticism of Mr. Gladstone’s Irish Land Bill, 357; his opposition to Army Purchase, 392; his effective opposition to Mr. Gladstone, 426; his attacks on the Gladstone Government, 463; his majority in 1874, 465; First Lord of the Treasury, 465; his chivalrous attitude towards Mr. Gladstone, 467; disaffection of the High Church party, 472; the Scottish Church Patronage Bill, 472; decline of his reputation, 474; the annexation of the Fiji Islands, 475; the Merchant Shipping Bill, 485-7; purchase of the Suez Canal shares, 492; the Royal Titles Bill, 499; created Earl of Beaconsfield, 503; speech on the Bulgarian atrocities, 506; national protest against Turkish policy, 511, 523, 526; his dexterity in dealing with the Turkish Question, 539; his final agreement with Russia in regard to Turkey, 547; at the Berlin Congress, 549; the Anglo-Turkish Convention, 550; the Indian scientific frontier, 556; his belief in Asiatic Imperialism, 587; deserted by the Standard, 588; his Manifesto to the country, 590; his fall from power, ib.; his novel of “Endymion,” 608; his abandonment of the Coercion Act in Ireland, 611; the failure of his policy in Afghanistan, ib.; his error in annexing the Transvaal, ib.; his death, 619; his brilliant career, 620; the secret of his success, ib.; sincerely esteemed by the Queen, ib.; his democratic impulses, ib.; his skilful management of the House of Commons, ib.; his declining years, ib.; his mistaken policy on the Eastern Question, 621; his last words, 622; his funeral, ib.; affectionately mourned by the people, ib.; visit of the Queen to his tomb, ib.; her Majesty’s monument to his memory in Hughenden Church, 643 Dixie, Lady Florence, the alleged attack on, II. 663; alarm to the Queen by the story of the attack, ib.; John Brown reports on the case to her Majesty, 664 Dodson, Mr., President of the Local Government Board, II. 594; his Employers’ Liability Bill, 601 Dongola, Evacuation of, by Lord Wolseley, II. 718 Dost Mahomed, his territory, I. 112; his anxiety for an English alliance, ib.; virtual declaration of war against him by the British, 114; his flight from Cabul, ib.; again in arms, 115; defeat of a British force, ib.; surrender to the British Government, ib.; set at liberty, 122 Drummond, Mr., his proposal for the reduction of taxation, I. 446 Dublin, visit of the Queen and the Prince Consort, I. 407; second visit of the Queen, 571; riotous proceedings in connection with the celebration of the Queen’s Jubilee, 746 Dufferin, Lord, appointed Viceroy of India, II. 696 Duffy, Sir Charles Gavan, his connection with the “Young Ireland” Party, I. 339; his statement of his aims, 340; his arrest, 342; brought to trial, 343 Dunraven, Lord, his conciliatory motion on Mr. Gladstone’s Reform Bill, II. 677 Durham, Lord, his Liberal policy in Canada, I. 34; his resignation of the Governorship of Canada, ib.; recalled in disgrace by the Government, 35; his system of self-government for Canada, ib.; success of his policy, ib.; his death, ib. Duty, Paper, Mr. Milner Gibson’s motion for repeal of, I. 503; rejection of his motion, ib. E. Earle, General, Death of, II. 717 East India Company, occupation of Aden by its troops, I. 52; its opposition to Napier’s command in India, 402; annexation of the Punjaub, ib. Ecclesiastical Titles Bill introduced by Lord John Russell, I. 464; Mr. Cobden’s remarks on, 465; opposition of the Peelites to its terms, 466; the second attempt to introduce it, 470 Edinburgh visited by the Queen and the Prince Consort, I. 458, 487; review of the volunteers by the Queen, II. 66; third visit of the Queen and the Prince Consort, 91; the unveiling of the Scottish National Albert Memorial, 503; visited by the Queen, 627; review of the volunteers by the Queen, ib.; her Majesty opens the International Exhibition in 1886, 732 Edinburgh, Duke of, see Alfred, Prince Edison, Mr., the effect of his discovery of the electric light on gas investors, II. 582 Education hardly existing in its popular sense at the Queen’s accession, I. 3; Lord John Russell’s scheme for national education, 270; vote on the subject in the House of Commons, 282, 283; Mr. Lowe’s revised Code, II. 120; Bill introduced in the House of Commons, 355, 360; its terms, 360; criticism of the Bill by Mr. Mill and Mr. Fawcett, 361; the Bill passed by both Houses, 362; adverse criticism of the Bill by the Dissenters, 457; Mr. Forster’s compromise to the Dissenters in regard to the Bill, 458 Edward of Saxe-Weimar, Princess, II. 723 Egypt, vote of credit in Parliament for expedition, II. 635; the sources of the Egyptian difficulty, 636; Ismail Pasha’s policy, ib.; the national borrowed money, ib.; purchase of the Suez Canal shares by England, ib.; Mr. Cave’s report on the Khedive’s money difficulties, 638; Mr. Edward Dicey’s view of a Protectorate, ib.; Lord Salisbury’s error in policy, ib.; the Goschen-Joubert scheme for consolidating the Egyptian debt, ib.; commission by France and England to investigate the resources of the country, ib.; Nubar Pasha’s Ministry, 639; beginning of the Dual Control, ib.; arrangement by the Powers to depose Ismail, ib.; Tewfik appointed Khedive, ib.; inefficiency of the Dual Control, ib.; ignominious position of England, ib.; the supremacy of the bondholders, ib.; restlessness of the natives under the Dual Control, 640; revolt of Arabi Bey, ib.; disagreement between the partners in the Dual Control as to the treatment of Arabi Pasha, 641; determination of the Assembly of Notables to assert their right to control the Budget, ib.; the right of the Assembly disputed by the French and English controllers, ib.; the Chamber of Notables refuses to withdraw from its position, ib.; M. de Blignières resigns his post on the Dual Control, 642; Arabi made Dictator of the country, ib.; “Egypt for the Egyptians,” ib.; French and English fleets despatched to Alexandria, ib.; French and English consuls advise the expulsion of Arabi, ib.; a riot in Alexandria, ib.; stampede of the foreign population of Alexandria and of Cairo, ib.; formation of a Cabinet patronised by Germany and Austria, ib.; safety of the Suez Canal assured, 643; the battles of Kassassin and Tel-el-Kebir, ib.; the Khedive reinstated in Cairo, ib.; occupied by a British army, ib.; Mr. Gladstone declares the occupation of the country temporary, ib.; the cost of the war to England, ib.; really under the control of the British Consul-General, ib.; England forbids the restoration of the Dual Control, ib.; Arabi and the insurgent leaders saved from capital punishment by the English Government, acting on the instigation of Mr. Wilfrid Blunt, ib.; used as a subject for embarrassing the Ministry, 661; Lord Hartington’s declaration about the recall of the British troops, ib.; difficulty arising from the exorbitant tolls levied on ships by the Suez Canal Company, 662; Mr. Gladstone’s agreement with M. de Lesseps, ib.; intention of the English Government to withdraw the troops, 670; the attempt to conquer the Soudan, ib.; the appearance of the Mahdi, ib.; the expedition under Colonel Hicks, ib.; Hicks defeated at El Obeid, ib.; the Egyptian garrisons in the Soudan, ib.; the advice of the British Government in regard to the Soudan, 671; the delay in the evacuation of Cairo, ib.; steps taken to relieve General Gordon, ib.; attack by the Conservatives on Mr. Gladstone’s policy, ib.; the embarrassing position of England in regard to, 672; the best policy for England, ib.; the decision of the British Government, ib.; General Gordon’s mission, ib.; his arrival at Cairo, ib.; General Gordon appointed Governor-General of the Soudan, ib.; Baker Pasha’s death at Tokar, ib.; Mr. Gladstone admitted to be right in advising the abandonment of the Soudan, 674; how the situation had been affected by the battle of Tel-el-Kebir, ib.; Gordon’s preliminary policy during his mission, 675; the massacre of the garrison at Sinkat, ib.; the battle of El Teb, ib.; the battle of Tamanieb, ib.; General Graham recalled from Suakim, ib.; failure of Gordon’s negotiations with the Mahdi, 676; the bad financial position of the country, ib.; Mr. Gladstone’s policy to relieve the debt, ib.; the Conference in regard to the country, ib.; Lord Northbrook’s mission, ib.; England’s freedom of action, ib.; vote for military operations by the English Government, ib.; the actual difficulties of the country, 682; Lord Northbrook’s recommendations in regard to the debt, ib.; financial proposal of the British Government, ib.; prosecution of the Egyptian Government by the Debt Commission, ib.; Prince Bismarck’s advice to England regarding, 684; Mr. Gladstone’s policy, 702; the plan adopted for rescuing the country from a financial crisis, ib.; the diplomatic hostility of France, Russia, and Germany to England’s policy, 703; the frontier fixed at Wady Halfa, ib. Election, General, on the Home Rule Scheme of Mr. Gladstone, II. 729 Electric Telegraph, its progress at the date of the Queen’s accession, I. 3 Elgin, Lord, his policy in Canada, I. 382; his admirable behaviour during the Canadian crisis in 1849, 383, 384; his successful diplomacy with Japan, II. 2 Eliot, George, her death, II. 609; the character of her novels, ib.; her works especially enjoyed by the Queen, ib.; the popularity of “Adam Bede,” 610 Ellenborough, Lord, his secret despatch to Lord Canning, II. 18; resigns office, ib. Elliot, Captain, his arrest by the Chinese Government, I. 52 El Obeid, Hicks Pasha and his army annihilated at, II. 670 Elphinstone, General, in command in Afghanistan, I. 116 El Teb, Defeat of Osman Digna at, II. 675 “Endymion,” Mr. Disraeli’s novel of, II. 608 England, development of the country since 1837, I. 3; discontent among the masses, 48, 49; the state of the country in 1839, 57; disturbances in 1842, 126; foreign policy during the difficulties between Russia and Turkey, 550-563; the war against Russia, 583; signature of the Protocol, 584; a day of Fast, 599; signature of the treaty with Russia, 683; dispute with the United States, 688; withdrawal of the legation from Italy, 698; murmurings against taxation, 699; war with Persia, 703, 704; war with China, 705; difficulties with Egypt, 660; coolness with Germany, 683; the rivalry with Germany regarding territory on the Congo, ib.; surrender to Germany on questions of colonial policy, 684; unable to reconcile her interests with those of France, ib.; Prince Bismarck’s opposition, ib.; Bismarck’s advice regarding Egypt, ib.; annexation of territory at Saint Lucia Bay and at Pondoland, 686; the Reserves called out, 702; the difficulty of holding Egypt, ib.; offers of support from her colonies and from the peoples of India at the Russian difficulty, 703; controversy with Russia about the frontier of Afghanistan, 719 Este Guelphs, the name of the Royal Family of Great Britain, I. 5 Exchange, New Coal, founded by the Prince Consort, I. 418 Exhibition, International Industries, Prince Albert’s interest in, I. 449; banquet of Commissioners at the Mansion House, 450; attack by the Press on the Commissioners, 454; completion of the building, 462; energetic care of Prince Albert, 480, adverse criticism of the scheme, ib.; opened by the Queen, 452; ball at the Guildhall, 486; opening of the Exhibition of 1862, II. 135 Explosives Act, the one Bill not obstructed in the session of 1883, 660; the events that led to its production, ib.; the attempt to blow up the Local Board Government Offices, ib.; outrage in the Times office, ib.; the measure brought in by Sir W. Harcourt, ib. F. Fair Trade Meetings, The, in Trafalgar Square, II. 731 Falkland, Lord, his Governorship of Nova Scotia, I. 251 Faraday, Mr., his researches in electricity, I. 270, 271; his paper “On New Magnetic Actions,” 271 Farr, Dr., his investigation of the English Poor Law system, I. 362, 363 Fawcett, Mr., Postmaster-General, II. 594; his Bill establishing a Parcels Post, 635; his admission of women to the Post Office service, 653 Fenian Society, The, originated, II. 246; its first name, ib.; its founder in Ireland, ib.; established in the United States, ib.; the funeral of McManus, ib. Ferdinand I., his rule in Austria, I. 343; flight from Vienna, 345 Fielden, Mr. John, his “Ten Hours Bill,” I. 287 Finches, the, Earls of Nottingham, Mansion of, on the site of Kensington Palace, I. 8 Fitzmaurice, Lord Edmond, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, II. 655 Fitzwilliam, Earl, incident in the Queen’s early life at his residence, I. 12 Forster, Mr. W. E., his scheme of national education, I. 270; his Endowed Schools Bill, 339; introduces his Education Bill, 359; his Ballot Bill, 395; his compromise to the Dissenters on the Education Bill, 458; his hesitancy regarding the War Vote, 538; Chief Secretary for Ireland, 594; his policy in Ireland, 601; his Bill amending the Irish Act of 1870, 602; his Coercion Bill, 604; his Protection of Persons and Property Bill, 611; violent opposition from Irish Members, ib.; his Protection Bill, 612; his suppression of the Land League, 628; opposition from Radicals and Conservatives to his coercive policy, 631; failure of his Irish policy, ib.; his ineffective administration in Ireland, 632; influences Parliament to give women a fair share of the public endowments for secondary education, 653; his withdrawal from the Cabinet, 654; his charges against Mr. Parnell, 656 Fortescue, Mr. Chichester (afterwards Lord Carlingford), Secretary for Ireland, II. 245; support of Mr. Gladstone’s Irish Land Bill, 358; appointed to the Board of Trade, 387 Fourth Party, The, founded, II. 594; its members, ib.; the reward of its efforts, 708 Fox, Mr. W. J., lecture against Corn Laws, I. 89 France, difficulties with England, I. 166; dispute with England in regard to Otaheite, 167; a letter from the Queen, 167; visit of Louis Philippe to England, 172; continued unfriendliness with England, 254; protest of the English Government against the proposed Franco-Spanish marriage alliance, 258; bad fruits of the dispute with England, 302; diplomatic quarrel with England, 428; the Second Empire, 523; dispute with Turkey as to Roman Catholics in Jerusalem, 542; a treaty with Turkey, 543; zeal of the war party against Russia, 581; declaration of war against Russia, 583; occupation of Gallipoli by French troops, ib.; signature of the Protocol, 584; unpopularity of the war with Russia, 640; collapse of the alliance with England, 675; difficulties with Germany, II. 51; angry feeling against England, 52; an agreement with Italy, 218; dispute with Prussia regarding Luxembourg, 282; organisation of the military system, 344; outbreak of the war with Prussia, 366; nominal cause of the quarrel, 367; proclamation of war against Prussia, 368; Napoleon’s secret treaty regarding Belgium, 369; battle of Worth, 370; battle of Gravelotte, ib.; capture of Sedan, ib.; surrender of the French Emperor, ib.; proclamation of a Republic, 371; cession of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany, ib.; unconditional surrender of the French army at Metz, ib.; the campaign under Gambetta’s leadership, 372; M. Thiers appointed President, 406; the Commission by France and England to investigate the resources of Egypt, 638; the Dual Control in Egypt, 639; breaks up the Dual Control, 642; her fleet withdraws during the bombardment of Alexandria by the British, ib.; controversy with England, 667; insolent behaviour of Admiral Pierre at Tamatave, ib.; effect of the criticism of a factious Opposition, ib.; the honourable reparation to the British Government, 668; opposition to English diplomacy in Egypt, 676; an arrangement with England in regard to Egypt, ib.; formally abandons the Dual Control, ib. Franchise Bill passed through the House of Commons, 679; the loyal understanding between Liberals and Conservatives on this matter, ib.; passed by the House of Lords, ib. “Franchise First,” the cry of a section of the Liberal Party in 1883, 668 Francis, John, attempt on the Queen’s life, I. 110 Fraudulent Trusts Bill passed in Parliament, I. 715 Frederick, Crown Prince, afterwards the Emperor Frederick III., of Germany, his betrothal to the Princess Victoria, I. 662; his marriage, 740, 750-752; his splendid appearance in the Jubilee procession, II. 742 Frederick the Wise, his relationship to the Queen, I. 5; his Protestantism, ib.; his kindness to Luther, ib. Free Trade, concessions by the Melbourne Ministry, I. 94; its rejection by Sir Robert Peel, 98; its advances since 1841, 201; bazaar in Covent Garden, 202; effect of the potato disease on Ireland, ib.; enthusiasm of the nation in its favour, 216; Sir Robert Peel declares himself in its favour, 238; its operation in Ireland, 273, 274; disastrous effect in Ireland, 275; development of Mr. Cobden’s plan, 387; the strong feeling in its favour, 506 Frere, Sir Bartle, accompanies the Prince of Wales in his tour through India, II. 493; his project of conquest in South Africa, 563 Freycinet, M. de, his policy of non-intervention in regard to Arabi Pasha, 641 Frost, John, his armed attack on the magistrates of Newport, I. 59; his transportation, ib. Fugitive Slave Circular, The, II. 489 G. Gakdul, Occupation of, II. 713 Gambetta, his vigorous administration of the French Republic, II. 372; his vain attempts to induce England to join France in coercing Arabi Pasha and the Egyptian National Party, 641; his death, 650; endeared to the masses by his patriotism and unselfish devotion, ib. Gardner, Mr. R., his sketch of industrial England, I. 282 Garfield, President, his assassination, II. 627; the Queen’s letter of sympathy to Mrs. Garfield, ib.; his heroic career, ib. Garibaldi, his conquest of the Sicilies, II. 54, 55; refuses a reward for his services, 56; his second campaign of liberation, 128; ovations in London, 194; his departure from England, 198; his death, 650 General Election on the Home Rule scheme of Mr. Gladstone, II. 729 George III., his determination to have an actual voice in the appointment of his Ministers, I. 26 George V., ex-King of Hanover, Death of, II. 558 Germany, the movement in favour of national unity, I. 343; the Emperor Frederick’s aim, 346; opposition of the Powers to its proposed unity, 422; dispute with Denmark as to Sleswig-Holstein, 457; her astute conduct at the Russo-Turkish difficulty, 582; Bismarck’s work for the unity of the empire, II. 129; the popular movement in favour of unity, 279; an agreement between Russia and Italy, ib.; rapid progress of its consolidation, 281; the Congress at Berlin, 549; irritated by the foreign and colonial policy of England, 683; the cause of the coolness with England, ib.; International Conference at Berlin to determine about the control of the Congo, ib.; appeal of the settlement at Angra Pequena for protection, ib.; annexation of Angra Pequena, 684; expedition to seize the Cameroons, ib.; alarm of Egyptian bondholders in, 685; occupation of part of New Guinea, 686 Germany, Crown Prince of (afterwards Emperor Frederick III.), see Frederick Crown Prince Gibraltar, Deportation of Zebehr Pasha to, II. 711 Gibson, Mr., his opposition to the Court of Appeal in Criminal Cases Bill, II. 658 Giffard, Sir Hardinge, his opposition to the Bill establishing a Court of Appeal in Criminal Cases, II. 658 Gill, Captain, R.E., his mission with Professor Palmer to detach the Bedouins from the side of Arabi Pasha, II. 642; murdered at the Wells of Moses, ib. Gladstone, Mr., member for Newark, I. 50; his office under Sir Robert Peel, ib.; his early Conservatism, ib.; resigns on the Maynooth Grant, 183; Secretary for the Colonies under Peel, 211; his support of the scheme of Home Rule for the Colonies, 386; support of Mr. Disraeli on the Poor Law, 425; his proposal regarding the Australian colonies, 440; letters on the State prosecutions of the Neapolitan Government, 475; speech on Mr. Disraeli’s Budget, 518; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 519; his first Budget, 531; his Budget for 1854, 596-598; resigns office, 630; his finance policy during the Crimean War, 643; coalition with Mr. Disraeli, 700; proposed reduction of the Income Tax, ib.; attack on the Budget, 702; his opposition to Disraeli’s Reform Bill, II. 32; his anti-Austrian policy, 43; explanation of the Commercial Treaty with France, 48; remarks on the Fortification Scheme, 63; repeal of the Paper Duty, 82; attack on the Budget of 1862, 123; his Budget for 1863, 171; his mastery of finance, 212; his Budget for 1864, ib.; his proposal to extend the franchise to the working classes, 215; his Budget for 1865, 236; leader of the House of Commons, 245; the Russell-Gladstone Reform Bill, 255, 256; his Budget for 1866, 259; speech on the Irish Church Question, 286; resolutions in favour of the disendowment of the Irish Church, 307; Premier, 315; his motion to disendow the Irish Church, 330; his Land Bill for Ireland, 357; effective opposition from the Tories, 426; his Irish University Bill, 432; defeat of his Ministry, 435; return to power, 436; the elections of 1874, 463; resignation of office, 465; withdrawal from the leadership of the Liberal Party, 467; his pamphlets on “Vaticanism,” 475; his agitation against Turkey, 503, 506; speech on the Turkish Question, 527; his Edinburgh speech on finance, 582; favourable opinion in England in regard to his Irish Land Act, 587; his great popularity in 1880, 590; his successful campaign in Scotland and the North of England, 591; efforts to prevent him from becoming Prime Minister, 592; entrusted with the power to form a Cabinet, ib.; Prime Minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer, 594; his Budget for 1881, 615; his Irish Land Bill, 616; success of his government in Egypt after the fall of the Dual Control, 643; declares the occupation of Egypt to be temporary, ib.; his agreement with M. de Lesseps in regard to the Suez Canal, 662; brings the controversy with France to a close, 668; an address to the tenants at Hawarden, 671; recommends the production of jam as an industry, ib.; his abandonment of the Soudan admitted to be right by the Opposition, 674; the adverse view of his Soudan policy, ib.; his Reform Bill of 1884, 677; his campaign in Midlothian, 678; introduces the Franchise Bill, 679; the difficulties connected with the Reform Bill, 696; the great changes to be effected by his Reform Bill, 702; the Seats Bill, 699-702; his patriotic speech against Russia, 703; his compromise with Russia, ib.; renews certain provisions of the Irish Crimes Act, 704; increase of expenditure under his Government, ib.; defeated on an amendment of Sir M. Hicks-Beach, 706; resignation of (1885), 707; offered an earldom, 708; the Midlothian Programme, 724; his Cabinet of 1886, 727; loses the support of the Whigs, ib.; his Home Rule scheme, 727-8; his Land Purchase (Ireland) Bill, 728; the objections which were taken to his Home Rule proposals, ib.; his Home Rule Bill rejected, 729; he appeals to the country on the subject, ib. Glasgow visited by the Queen and the Prince Consort, I. 411; arrest of dynamitards, 661; the sinking of the Daphne, 666; the Queen’s sympathy and subscription to the survivors of the Daphne disaster, ib. Gleichen, Count, II. 723 Goodwin, General, capture of Martaban, I. 505; capture of Rangoon, ib. Gordon, General, steps taken to relieve him in Khartoum, II. 671; his mission to the Soudan, 672; his arrival at Cairo, ib.; appointed Governor-General of the Soudan, ib.; his double commission, ib.; part of his policy adversely criticised by the Conservatives, 675; denounced for sanctioning slavery, ib.; the factiousness of the Opposition, ib.; a sortie from Khartoum, ib.; surrounded by treason, ib.; entreats the Government to send help, ib.; failure of his negotiations with the Mahdi, 676; publication of his protests against the desertion of Khartoum, ib.; instructed to go to the Soudan, 711; recommends the appointment of Zebehr Pasha as ruler of the Soudan, ib.; at Khartoum, ib.; his advice as to the evacuation of the town, 712; his plan for withdrawing the troops and the employés, ib.; how he would have checked the Mahdi, ib.; his position at Khartoum growing very critical, ib.; death of, 715; his defence of Khartoum, 716; character of, 717 Gordon, Lord Advocate, his Scottish Church Patronage Bill, II. 472 Gordon, Miss, the Queen’s letter to, II. 717 Gorham, Rev. W., his case in the lay courts, I. 447 Gorst, Mr., one of the Fourth Party, II. 594; his obstructionist tactics, 601 Gortschakoff, Prince, his reply to Lord Salisbury’s Circular Letter, II. 546; at the Berlin Congress, 549; death of, 651 Goschen, Mr., becomes Chancellor of the Exchequer, II. 731; his Budget of 1887, 738 Gough, Lord, the disaster at Chillianwalla, I. 399; movement for his recall, 400 Gough, Sir Hugh, his victory at Gwalior, I. 150; his campaign against the Sikhs, 234; the battle of Sobraon, 235 Goulburn, Mr., Chancellor of the Exchequer, I. 97; threatened assassination, 138; the Irish Coercion Bill, 230 Graham, General, his army at Suakim, II. 675; defeats Osman Digna at El Teb, ib.; the battle of Tamanieb, ib.; at Suakim, 717 Graham, Sir James, Home Secretary, I. 97; his views in regard to the Factories Act, 140; masterly speech on the Navigation Laws, 374; his reduction of the Admiralty expenditure, 390; refuses to join the Russell Cabinet, 478; his resolution on Free Trade, 515; First Lord of the Admiralty, 519; resigns office, 630 Grants, Royal, Committee to “inquire into and consider,” promised, II. 720; the promise repudiated by the Tory Party, ib. Granville, Lord, President of the Council, I. 519; his unpopular colonial policy, 342, 366; Secretary for Foreign Affairs, 366; his advice regarding the Premiership in 1880, 592; Foreign Secretary, 594; his efforts to get Turkey to fulfil her obligations, 598 Gravelotte, Battle of, II. 370 Gray, Mr. E. Dwyer, starts a relief fund for distress in Ireland, II. 586 Greece, the case of Mr. Finlay, I. 426; Italian intrigues in regard to the throne, II. 128; overthrow of King Otho, ib.; cession of the Ionian Islands by England to Greece, ib.; Turkey’s failure to fulfil her obligations, 598; the justice of her claims admitted by the Powers, 610 Greville, Mr., description of the Queen’s coronation, I. 44; the Queen’s affairs in 1847, 291; political matters in 1849, 395; the Queen’s life at Balmoral, 415; Kossuth’s visit to England, 490 Grey, General, his death, II. 378; his serious loss to the Queen as private secretary, 379; his proposed Life of the Prince Consort, 481 Grey, Lord, his opposition to Lord John Russell, I. 206; continued differences with Lord John Russell, 244; enters the Whig Cabinet, ib.; Secretary for the Colonies, 386; his proposal to make the Cape of Good Hope a convict settlement, 402; his protest against the Russian War, 590 Grey, Sir George, Home Secretary, I. 245; suggestion regarding the Established Church in Ireland, 354; the Crown Government Security Bill, 355; his proposal on the Irish Question, 375; Secretary for the Colonies, 626 Gubat, The British camp at, II. 715 Guelph, Este, the name of the Royal Family of Great Britain, I. 5 Guelph, House of, Representatives of the, in the eleventh century, I. 4 Guizot, M., mission to London regarding Egypt, I. 86; his diplomacy in regard to the proposed marriage alliance between France and Spain, 255; injury to his prestige, 256; his pretext for the Franco-Spanish alliance, 257; his friendship with Metternich, 302 H. Habeas Corpus Act, suspension during the Irish crisis, I. 342; proposed suspension in Ireland in 1848, 353 Halifax, Lord, Chancellor of the Exchequer, I. 245; his defects as a politician, 288, 289; his financial statement for 1847, 290 Hamburg spirit, The sale of, II. 738 Hampden, Dr., his election to the See of Hereford, I. 299; his supposed heterodoxy, ib.; confirmation of his appointment by the Queen, 300 Harcourt, Sir William Vernon, Solicitor-General, II. 439; his sarcastic assaults on the Tory Government, 583; Home Secretary, 594; his Hares and Rabbits Bill, 601; his Bill for reforming the government of London, 678 Hardinge, Lord, his plan for a new army organisation, 694; his death, 695 Hardy, Mr. Gathorne (afterwards Lord Cranbrook), President of the Poor Law Board, I. 257; Home Secretary, 304; War Secretary, 465; his Regimental Exchanges Bill, 483 Harrison, Colonel, blamed in connection with the death of the Prince Imperial, II. 578 Hartington, Marquis of, Secretary for Ireland, II. 387; leader of the Liberal Party, 482; his motion on the Army Discipline Bill, 571; his advice regarding the Premiership in 1880, 592; in favour of Mr. Chamberlain receiving a place in the Cabinet, 594; Secretary for India, ib.; his exposure of the tactics of the obstructionists, 601; his leadership of the Liberal Party, 603; Secretary for War, 654; his pledge that the Attorney-General would bring in an Affirmation Bill, 658; damages the prestige of the Government by his declaration about the withdrawal of the British troops from Egypt, ib.; his mistake as to Gordon’s position in Egypt, 676; becomes leader of the Liberal Unionists, 729 Havelock, Sir Henry, his relief of Lucknow, II. 735 Hayward, Mr. Abraham, his account of English policy towards Turkey, II. 524; letters from Mr. Gladstone regarding the Premiership in 1880, 592 Health Exhibition at South Kensington, The, II. 694 Helena, Princess, her birth, I. 262; her marriage to Prince Christian, II. 262 Hennessey, Mr. Pope, his wish to revive Nationalist ideas in Ireland, II. 239 Henry of Battenberg, Prince, II. 718; made Knight of the Garter, 722; assumes the designation of “His Royal Highness,” ib.; question of the legality of the assumption of the title, ib. Herat attacked by the Persians, I. 113; defended by Eldred Pottinger, ib. Herbert, Mr. Sidney, refuses a place in the Russell Cabinet, I. 244; his view of the Income Tax, 471; War Secretary, 519; resigns office, 630 Herries, Mr., his attack on the Russell Cabinet and on the Cobdenites, I. 390; his proposal for a fixed duty on corn, 391; President of the Board of Control, 499 Herschel, Sir Farrer (afterwards Lord Herschel), Solicitor-General, II. 594 Hertford, Marquis of, his death, II. 686; an ideal Lord Chamberlain, ib.; his interesting stories regarding Court life, ib.; an incident in the life of Prince Albert, ib. Hesse, Grand Duke of, his morganatic marriage with the Countess de Kalomine, II. 719 Hesse, Princess Charles of, Death of, II. 719 Hewett, Admiral, his command at Suakim, II. 675 Hewitt, Mr., Mayor of New York, striking speech on the Queen’s Jubilee, II. 747 Hicks-Beach, Sir M., defeats Mr. Gladstone’s Government, II. 706; is appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, 730; resigns office, 735 Hicks Pasha and his army defeated at El Obeid, II. 670 Hill, Rowland, his parentage, 78; Secretary to the South Australian Commission, ib.; his pamphlet on the Postal System, ib.; his plan for a Penny Postage, ib.; opposed by Lord Lichfield and by the Rev. Sydney Smith, 79; supported by Mr. Warburton and Mr. Wallace in the House of Commons, ib.; Act of Parliament passed in favour of his plan, 80 Hohenlohe, Prince, account of vagabondage in Germany, I. 346 Hohenlohe-Langenberg, Prince Victor, II. 723 Holkar, Maharajah, at Windsor, II. 740 Holloway College for Women opened, II. 732 Holyoake, Mr. G. J., first employs the name of “Jingoes,” II. 530 Home Rule, its rise in Ireland, II. 426; Mr. Parnell’s leadership, ib.; Mr. Parnell and other Irish members suspended, ib.; the struggle regarding Coercion, 614; Mr. Parnell and the Land Act, 628; Mr. Parnell and others imprisoned, ib.; Mr. Forster and Mr. Parnell, 632; Mr. Parnell charged with conniving at murder, 656; Mr. Forster’s attack on the agitators, ib.; warm admiration of Mr. Parnell in Ireland, ib.; Mr. Chamberlain’s scheme of, 724; Earl Russell’s, ib.; Lord Carnarvon’s, ib.; Mr. Gladstone’s, 727-8; Mr. Gladstone’s Bill defeated, 728 Hong-Kong ceded to England, I. 53 Hook, Dean, his pamphlet on national education, I. 270 Horsman, Mr., his motion on the proposed reduction of official salaries, I. 446 Houghton, Lord, his motion in regard to “Essays and Reviews,” II. 215 Howick, Lord, his motion in regard to depression in manufacturing industry, I. 137 Howley, Archbishop of Canterbury, messenger to the Queen announcing the death of King William IV., I. 1 Hudson, Mr. George, his leadership in railway enterprise, I. 201; his supposed advice regarding railways in Ireland, 278; the railway craze in England, 279 Humboldt, Baron von, his unfavourable opinion of Prince Albert, I. 197 Hume, Mr. Joseph, his discovery of an Orange plot, I. 37; the proposed provision for Prince Albert, 67; his attack on the Portuguese policy of the Russell Government, 302; the Parliamentary Reform Association, 338; attack on the Russell Government Budget, 352; his proposal for the extension of the franchise, 356, 426, 502; his support of the Manchester School, 356; demands the doing away with the Excise, 390; his motion for Parliamentary Reform, 391; his effort to limit the period of the Income Tax, 471 Hungary, its independence recognised, II. 282 Hunt, Leigh, verses to the Queen, I. 132 Huskisson, Mr., M.P., accidentally killed at the opening of the Liverpool Railway, I. 47 Hutchinson, Mr., his Bill for protecting newspaper reports of lawful meetings, II. 618 Hutt, Mr., his proposal to withdraw British war-ships from suppressing the West African slave trade, I. 438 Hyde Park, the riot in 1867, II. 270; Children’s celebration in, of the Queen’s Jubilee, 747 I. Iddesleigh, Lord, see Northcote, Sir Stafford Ilbert Bill, the great strife over its terms, II. 662; an explosion of race-hatred regarding it in India, ib. Imperial Federation League founded, II. 731 Imperial Institute, The, originated, II. 739; laying the foundation stone of, 748 Income Tax, The, imposed by Sir Robert Peel, I. 133; popular demonstration against its increase, 327; Lord John Russell’s proposal, 351; its continuance by Sir Charles Wood, 471; proposed extension by Mr. Disraeli, 517; Mr. Gladstone’s arrangement, 531; Mr. Gladstone’s experiments, 598, 700; II. 237, 463, 601 Indemnity, Bill of, Application to Parliament for, II. 2 India, the Sikh outbreak, I. 399; the India Government Bill, 530; introduction of the India Bill by Sir Charles Wood, 533; proposed change in the management of the country’s affairs, 534; revolt of the Bengal army, 719; probable cause of the great Mutiny, 720; the misgovernment of Oudh, 721-723; the difficulty as to the position of the royal family of Delhi, 724; dissatisfaction of the Sepoys with English rule, 725; popular beliefs regarding the downfall of British power, 727; Mutiny of the Sepoys, 728; suppression of the Mutiny, II. 2-4; failure of Lord Derby’s policy, 15; Disraeli’s India Bill, 18; cordial reception of Disraeli’s Bill in India, 25; a Proclamation by the Queen, ib.; the Queen’s new regulations regarding the Indian army, 26; the Order of the Star of India, 40, 91; the Criminal Procedure Amendment Bill, 662; Lord Lytton’s rule as to the vacancies in the India Civil Service, ib.; an explosion of race-hatred, ib.; Jubilee celebrations in, 739 Indian and Colonial Exhibition opened, II. 731 Indian contingent, The, in the Soudan campaign, II. 717 Indies, West, distress in 1848, I. 350; Lord John Russell’s policy, 351 Inkermann, The battle of, I. 615 “Invincibles,” The, II. 632 Ionian Islands, Cession of, to Greece, II. 128 Ireland, O’Connell’s agitation, 151-158; meetings at Tara and Clontarf, 155; O’Connell’s trial, 156; beneficial measures passed, 158; the potato disease, 202; opening of Irish ports to foreign importation, 203; Dublin memorialising the Queen, 216; defeat of Peel’s Ministry on the Irish Question, 228; prolongation of the Arms Act, 248; the Great Famine, 272; failure of industries, 273; one safeguard in the English markets, 274; fall of prices, ib.; decrease of small holdings, ib.; Free Trade a disaster, 275; terrible state of the country, ib.; gravity of the distress under-estimated by the Government, ib.; Lord John Russell’s plans, 278; Lord George Bentinck’s scheme for railways, 279; the terrors of emigration, 285; outrages and commercial panic, 295; Coercion Bill, 297; revolting crimes, ib.; hostility of the priesthood to the Government, 298; the Queen’s Colleges denounced by the Sacred Congregation, ib.; the nature of the “Young Ireland” movement, 339; the leaders of the “Young Ireland” Party, ib.; first collision of the national party with the authorities, 342; truculent attitude of the “Young Ireland” leaders, ib.; distrust of the peasantry, ib.; effects of the revolution, 343; increased distress, 370, 372; Parliamentary Bill against seditious clubs, 353; the Encumbered Estates Act, 354; the Crown Security Bill, 355; proposed grant from the Imperial Exchequer, 375; pitiful condition of the country, ib.; pressure of the Poor Law on the Irish gentry, 378; signs of improved feeling towards the English Government, 406; visit of the Queen and the Prince Consort, 406, 407; loyal manifestations by the people, 407-410; good results of the royal visit, 410; opening of the Queen’s Colleges, 414; the Irish Franchise Bill, 442; the Queen’s policy, 443; a time of tranquillity, 498; second visit of the Queen, 571; Exhibition of Irish Industries, ib.; outbreak of the Fenian Conspiracy in 1865, II. 245; the rise of the Phœnix Society, 246; the Revolutionary Brotherhood in America, ib.; the Irish People established, ib.; arrest of the Fenian leaders, 247; the Fenian organisation in New York, ib.; suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act, 259; Lord Naas’s Land Bill, 286; the Church Question, ib.; the spread of Fenianism, 287; Irish riot at Manchester, ib.; attack on Clerkenwell Prison, 288; the Church Question in the House of Commons, 307-311, 327; Mr. Gladstone’s motion upon the Disestablishment of the Irish Church, 330-338; O’Donovan Rossa returned to Parliament, 353; disaffection of the Orangemen, ib.; a Land Bill introduced in the House of Commons, 355; rise of the Home Rule Party, 426; Mr. Gladstone’s University Bill, 432-435; the elections of 1874, 464; relaxation of Coercion Acts, 488; the Intermediate Education Bill, 554; abolition of the Queen’s University and substitution of the Royal University, 571; second reading of the Irish Relief Bill, 586; Major Nolan’s Seeds Bill, 586; solid vote against the Tories in 1880, 591; Mr. Forster Chief Secretary, 594; its embarrassing condition in 1880, 601; the Home Rule Party, ib.; Mr. Parnell’s leadership and Mr. Gladstone’s policy, ib.; Mr. Forster’s Bill amending the Act of 1870, 602; rejection of Mr. Forster’s Bill by the House of Lords, ib.; organisation of the Land League, ib.; increase of evictions, 603; influence of the Land League, ib.; the system of boycotting, ib.; increase of outrages, ib.; the Queen’s anxieties regarding the state of the country, 608; condemnation of Mr. Gladstone’s Irish policy in Parliament, 610; Lord Beaconsfield’s speech against Mr. Gladstone’s policy, ib.; a serious crisis, 611; Mr. Forster’s Protection of Persons and Property Bill, 612; Mr. Parnell and other Irish Members suspended, ib.; the struggle in Parliament regarding Coercion, 614; Mr. Dillon’s passionate agitation against the Gladstone Government in Ireland, 615; Mr. Gladstone’s Land Bill, 616; new rise of Fenianism, 626; Mr. Parnell’s policy in regard to the Land Act, 628; Mr. Parnell and others imprisoned in Kilmainham, ib.; a “No Rent” Manifesto by the Land Leaguers, ib.; suppression of the Land League, ib.; success of the Land Act in Ulster, ib.; the murder of Lord Frederick Cavendish and Mr. Burke, 631; Radical and Conservative opposition to Mr. Forster’s coercive policy, ib.; failure of Mr. Forster’s policy, ib.; Tory bid for the Irish Vote, ib.; Tory scheme for buying out the Irish landlords, ib.; intrigue to remove Mr. Forster from the post of Chief Secretary, ib.; release of Mr. Parnell and other leaders, 632; Mr. Forster’s view of Mr. Parnell’s proposal, ib.; the Society of “Invincibles,” ib.; Mr. Forster’s ineffective administration, ib.; a new Coercion Bill, 633; the terms of the new Coercion Bill, 634; the Arrears Bill introduced, ib.; the prominent topic in the debate on the address of 1883, 655; arrest of the “Invincibles,” ib.; Carey betrays the “Invincible” conspiracy, ib.; the object of the “Invincibles,” ib.; the removal of obnoxious Irish officials, ib.; funds received from America, ib.; Mrs. Frank Byrne alleged by Carey to have been the bearer of the murderers’ knives from America, ib.; open agitation substituted by secret societies, ib.; failure of the conspirators to waylay Mr. Forster, ib.; the cause of the attack on Lord Frederick Cavendish, ib.; the baseness of Carey, 656; five of the “Invincibles” hanged, ib.; the death of Carey, ib.; Mr. Gorst’s amendment that no more concessions be made by the Government to the agitators, ib.; attacks on Mr. Parnell, ib.; Mr. Parnell charged with conniving at murder, ib.; Mr. Forster’s attack on the agitators, ib.; warm admiration of Mr. Parnell’s conduct in, ib.; the national testimonial to him, ib.; the Prince and Princess of Wales’s visit to, 719; the Land Purchase Bill of Mr. Gladstone, 728. See also Dillon, Mr.; Home Rule; Parnell, Mr. Irish Revolutionary Brotherhood of America, The, II. 246 Isandhlwana, The disaster at, II. 564 Ismail Pasha, visit to England, II. 347 Italy, the revolution of 1848, I. 347; flight of the Pope, ib.; success of Mazzini, 422; misgovernment in 1856, 698; convention with France, II. 218; Florence made the capital, ib.; annexation of Rome, 376; opposed to the cession of French territory to Germany, 402; adhesion to the Austro-German alliance, 651; the Triple League of Peace, ib. J. Jamaica, complications with England, I. 54; the imprudence of Lord Sligo, ib.; plan to suspend its constitution for five years, ib.; virtual defeat of the Ministry’s proposal, ib.; the second Bill in regard to, 56; the negro insurrection in 1865, II. 247; extenuating report by the Commissioners, 259 James, Sir Henry, Attorney-General II. 594 Japan, treaty with England, II. 4; an embassy to the Queen, 429 Jellalabad, Defence of, by Sir Robert Sale, I. 121; relieved by the British, ib. Jephson, Mr., a letter on the state of Ireland, I. 274 Jews, The Bill for removing disability of, for municipal offices, I. 183; their disability to enter Parliament removed, II. 18 Jingoes, The, so named by Mr. Holyoake, II. 530; their war song, II. 529 Jingoism, a new political term, II. 530 John, King, of Abyssinia, sends envoys to the Queen, II. 695 Jubilee, the Queen’s, The year of the, II. 733; the Jubilee Ode, 739; the celebrations of, in India, ib.; in Mandalay, ib.; preparations for it in Britain, ib.; Colonial addresses of felicitation presented at Windsor, 740; the Indian princes at Windsor, ib.; the street decorations in London on Jubilee Day, ib.; the royal procession from Buckingham Palace to Westminster Abbey, 741; the procession of princes, 742; the scene in Westminster Abbey, ib.; the guests in the Abbey, 742-3; the processions in the Abbey, 743; the Thanksgiving Service, 744; the scene in the Abbey after the ceremony, 745-6; the illuminations in London, 746; the celebrations in England and the North of Ireland, in Edinburgh, Dublin, and Cork, ib.; the honours bestowed on the occasion, ib.; observances in the Colonies and New York, 747; the children’s celebration in Hyde Park, ib.; the royal banquet in Buckingham Palace, 748; the Queen’s letter to her people, ib.; her Majesty’s garden-party, ib.; review of metropolitan volunteers, ib. Jubilees, The previous, of English history, II. 741 K. Kalomine divorce suit, The, II. 719 Kars, The heroic defence of, by General Williams, I. 673 Kassala, siege of, II. 718 Kassassin, The battle of, II. 643 Keane, Sir John, in command in Afghanistan, I. 114; created a Baron, ib.; return to England, 116 Kelso visited by the Queen, II. 295 Kensington, the Royal Albert Hall founded by the Queen, II. 291 Kensington Palace, scene of the Queen’s infancy, I. 9; its early history, ib.; its brilliant Court in the eighteenth century, 10; the sovereigns who died in it, ib.; its disfavour with George III., ib.; its furniture, ib. Kent, Duchess of, the addresses of condolence from Parliament at her husband’s death, I. 8; her care for the education of the Princess Victoria, 10; additional grant to her income, 13; her stay in the Isle of Wight, 15; her reply to the Vice-Chancellor’s speech at Oxford, ib.; her income fixed at £30,000, 28; her position to the Queen, 30; her death, II. 80 Kent, Duke of, his marriage, I. 4; his support of popular Government, 6; his personal appearance, ib.; his character, ib.; his strictness as a disciplinarian, ib.; the liberality of his political views, ib.; his residence abroad, ib.; his return to England, 7; his reconciliation with the Prince-Regent, ib.; his residence at Claremont, ib.; at Sidmouth, ib.; his illness and death, ib. Kertch, The Allied expedition against, I. 640; evacuated by the Russians, ib. Khartoum, steps taken for General Gordon’s relief, II. 671; Gordon protests against being deserted, 676; isolated and surrounded by the Mahdi’s troops, ib.; the British Nile expedition to, 679; siege of, closely pressed, 712; fall of, 715; Sir Charles Wilson arrives at, ib.; defence of, by General Gordon, 716 Kilmainham Treaty, The, II. 632 Kimberley, Lord, Secretary for India, II. 654; his despatch to Sir Hercules Robinson regarding British jurisdiction in South Africa, 683 King, Mr. Locke, his proposal to equalise the town and county franchise, I. 465; rejection of his motion, 502; second attempt to procure the extension of the franchise, II. 214 Kinglake, Mr., his account of the preparations for the Russian War, I. 604, 606 Kirbekan, The battle of, II. 717 Komatsu, Prince and Princess, of Japan, Visit of, to the Queen, II. 732 Korniloff, his bravery at Sebastopol, I. 610 Korti, The British camp at, II. 712; the Black Watch at, ib. Kosheh, Battle of, II. 718 Kossuth, Louis, his address to the Emperor Ferdinand of Austria, I. 344; his flight to Turkey, 423; his arrival in England, 479 Kutch Behar, The Maharajah and Maharanee of, at Windsor, II. 740 L. Labouchere, Mr., Chief Secretary for Ireland, I. 245. Labouchere, Mr. Henry, opposes the grant to Prince Leopold, 646; opposes the annuity to Princess Beatrice, 720 Lancashire, the sufferings during the Cotton Famine, II. 146; revival of the cotton trade, 183; expenditure during the Cotton Famine, 185 Land Bill (Ireland) of 1887, II. 736; the Bankruptcy Clauses of, ib. Lansdowne, Lord, Lord Privy Seal, I. 245 Lawrence, John (afterwards Lord Lawrence), his prompt action at the Indian Mutiny, I. 732; his policy with the Sikhs, 734 Lawson’s, Mr. Edward, proposal of the children’s celebration of the Jubilee, II. 747 Layard, Mr. (afterwards Sir A. H.), his hostility to Russia, I. 590; his dispute with Turkey regarding the seizure of an English missionary’s Mussulman assistant, II. 583; granted an indefinite leave of absence, 594 Leeds, the Liberal leaders press a measure of Parliamentary reform on the country, II. 668; Liberal Conference at, adopts Mr. Gladstone’s principle of Home Rule, II. 730 Leicester, Seizure of packages of dynamite at, II. 661 Lennox, Lady Augusta, II. 723 Leopold, King of Belgium, his marriage to the Princess Charlotte, I. 6; his high character and abilities, ib.; his election as King of the Belgians, 14; the Queen’s confidence in his advice, ib.; visit to England, 46; his desire for the Queen’s marriage to Prince Albert, 60; a letter from the Queen, 103, 106; second visit to England, 262; his death, II. 251; his character, ib. Leopold, Prince, a serious illness, II. 316; popular admiration of his character, 626; his marriage, 628; a threat to murder him, 645; accident at Mentone, 646; granted £25,000 a year on his marriage, ib.; married to the Princess Hélène of Waldeck-Pyrmont, 647; the imposing ceremony at his marriage, ib.; his death, 687; his funeral, 689; his amiable personality, ib.; Prof. Tyndall’s high estimate of his ability, 690; his eager interest in politics, ib.; his wish to become Governor of Victoria, ib.; the Queen’s opposition to his becoming Governor of Victoria, ib.; his gifts as an orator, ib.; his presentiment of early death, ib.; his loss felt by rich and poor, 691; his favourite residence, ib. Lewis, Sir George Cornewall, a letter on Disraeli’s Budget, 519; remarks regarding the political situation in 1854, 576; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 630; his first Budget, 644; remarks on the collapse of the French alliance, 676, 678; his Budget for 1856, 690; his Budget for 1857, 701; his death, II. 171; the Queen’s estimate of his character, 172 Liberal Unionist Party formed, II. 729 Lincoln, Abraham, elected President of the United States, II. 114; his proclamation regarding the abolition of slavery, 134 Lincoln, Lord, refuses a place in the Russell Cabinet, I. 244; his address to the Queen on colonisation, 283; address to the Crown on the Colonial Question, 387 Liston, Mr., and the use of ether as an anæsthetic, I. 271 Liverpool, visit of the Queen and the Prince Consort, I. 487; condemnation of dynamitards at, 661; visit of the Queen to the International Exhibition at, in 1886, 732 Livingstone, Dr., found by Stanley, II. 427; the Queen’s interest in the explorer, ib. Lloyd, Bishop, his influence on the Tractarians, I. 98 Lloyd, Lieut. W., presents one of the Mahdi’s flags to her Majesty, II. 687 London, a Chartist meeting on Kennington Common, I. 327; Chartist meetings at Clerkenwell and Stepney Greens, 336; the riots in 1855, 644; Bill to improve the government of, II. 671; riots in the West End of, 731 London, Bishop of, the Ecclesiastical Appeal Bill, I. 446 Lonsdale, Earl of, Lord Privy Seal, I. 499 Lorne, Marquis of, the Queen consents to his marriage with the Princess Louise, II. 378; appearance at the ceremony, 407; accident to, in the royal procession on Jubilee Day, 742 Louis Philippe, his visit to England, I. 172; his cordial reception by the people, ib.; honours from the Queen, ib. Louise, Princess, her marriage, II. 407-8 Lowe, Mr. Robert, his Revised Education Code, II. 120; attacked by Lord R. Cecil in regard to reports of inspectors of schools, 218; his demand for national unsectarian education, 302; his first Budget, 338; his second Budget, 363; opens the Civil Service to competition, ib.; his Budget for 1871, 397; the scandal in regard to the Zanzibar mail contract, 438; Home Secretary, 439; his popularity in 1874, 458; created Lord Sherbrooke, 594 Lucan, Lord, and the Charge of the Light Brigade, I. 614 Lucknow, outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny, I. 730; relief by Havelock, 735; second relief, 737 Lyell, Sir Charles, account of a visit to Balmoral, I. 367 Lyndhurst, Lord, Lord High Chancellor, I. 97; Bill for the removal of the Jews’ disabilities, 183; his violent speeches against Russia, 600, 602; attack on Prussia and Austria, 634; his defects as a debater on foreign, affairs, ib. Lytton, Lord, Viceroy of India, II. 494; his warlike policy in Afghanistan, 555; dispute with Shere Ali, 556; resigns office, 594; contemptuous speech against Mr. Gladstone, 598; his “Prosperity Budget,” ib.; his rule on the vacancies in the India Civil Service, 662 M. Maamtrasna murders to be re-considered, II. 710 Macaulay, Lord, his sarcasm on the Maynooth affair, I. 183; his account of Lord John Russell’s failure to form a Cabinet, 206; appointed Postmaster-General, 245; his opposition to the Education Vote, 283; elected M.P. for Edinburgh, 586 Macdonald, Mr., his administration of supplies in the Crimea, I. 624 Maclean, Roderick, his supposed attempt to assassinate the Queen, II. 644 Macleod, Dr. Norman, his ministrations to the Queen at Balmoral, II. 139, 230; account of the Queen’s life at Balmoral, 296; his death, 428; his character, ib.; letter from the Queen on his death, 429 Macmahon, Marshal, surrounded at Sedan by the German army, II. 370 Macnaghten, Sir William, appointed Secretary to Shah Soojah, I. 114; created a baronet for his services in Afghanistan, ib.; appointed Governor of Bengal, 116 Madagascar, re-action against England, I. 190 Magee, Dr., speech on the Irish Church Question, II. 334 Mahdi, the, How General Gordon would have checked, II. 712; death of, 718 Mahmoud Samy, nominal Minister of War in Egypt, II. 641 Maidstone, Mr. Disraeli member for, I. 51 Maiwand, The battle of, II. 599 Majuba Hill, Battle of, II. 619 Malakoff, Capture of the, by the French, I. 671 Malmesbury, Earl of, Foreign Secretary, I. 499; account of the Queen’s life at Balmoral, 522; remarks on the understanding between the Earl of Aberdeen and the Czar, 546 Malt Tax, Proposed repeal of the, II. 236; Mr. Gladstone declines to reduce it, 237; abolished by Mr. Gladstone, 601 Manchester, opening of the Art-Treasures Exhibition by Prince Albert, I. 739; popularity of the Art-Treasures Exhibition, 746; visit of the Queen, ib. Manchester School, The, its attack on Sir James Brooke in regard to Borneo, I. 474 Mancini, Signor, his disclosure to the Italian Senate of the adhesion of Italy to the Austro-German alliance, II. 651 Mandalay, Jubilee celebrations in, II. 739 Manners, Lord John, President of the Board of Works, II. 257; Postmaster-General, 465; his amendment to Mr. Gladstone’s Reform Bill of 1884, II. 677 Margarine Bill, The, passed, II. 738 Marlborough, Duchess of, starts a relief fund to avert distress in Ireland, II. 586 Marlborough, Duke of, Colonial Secretary, II. 275; Lord Beaconsfield’s Manifesto to (1880), 90 Married Women’s Property Act comes into force, II. 652; the benefit conferred by the Act, 654 Marriott, Mr., his amendment to Mr. Goschen’s Closure scheme, II. 630; rejection of his Closure amendment, ib.; counsel for Ismail Pasha in his claims to the Domain lands, 683 Martaban, Capture of by General Goodwin, I. 505 Martin, Sir Theodore, his Life of the Prince Consort, I. 238, 448, 545; II. 75, 480, 481; his Life of Lord Lyndhurst, I. 239, 242 Match Tax, Proposed levy of, by Mr. Lowe, II. 397 Matthews, Mr. Henry, is appointed Home Secretary, II. 730 Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, created Emperor of Mexico, I. 743; his death, ib. Maynooth, the Parliamentary grant, I. 183; Lord Macaulay’s criticism of the affair, ib. Mayo, Lord, his government of India, II. 343; his death, 427; success of his Afghan policy, ib. Mazzini, Joseph, his petition in regard to the detention of his letters in England, I. 164 Medical Acts Amendment Bill, II. 678 Meerut, outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny, I. 730 Melbourne, Lord, his character, I. 23, 95, 370; his moderate principles, 23; his appointment to the Premiership, ib.; his instruction of the Queen in the theory and working of the British Constitution, ib.; the probable ill effects of his teaching, 24; the personal regard of the Queen, 28; his view of the revolt in Canada, 34; Lord Durham’s suggestions carried out in regard to Canada, 35; popular distrust of his authority, 36; virtual defeat of his Ministry, 54; a second Jamaica Bill, 56; the Penny Postage Act, 80; Act regarding chimney-sweeps, ib.; growing unpopularity of his Ministry, 89; prognostications of his fall, 91; defeat of his Ministry, ib.; a statement regarding Protection, 94; resignation of office, 95; his last years, 96; his death, ib.; his position in English history, 97; his opinion of Prince Albert, 103; the Queen’s regret at his death, 370 Menschikoff, Prince, his mission to Constantinople, I. 550; his proposed Note of Agreement with Turkey, ib.; his position at the Alma, 607; his generalship, ib.; his blunders at the Alma, 608, 609; his tactics at Balaclava, 611; his blunders at Inkermann, 615 Metamneh, Gordon’s steamers at, II. 712 Metternich, Prince, remark on the Franco-Spanish marriage alliance, I. 258; his influence over Frederick I. of Austria, 343; his resignation, 344 Metz, Surrender of the French army in, II. 371 Mexico, English policy in regard to, I. 127; the French Emperor’s plan for a monarchy, 127, 163; the Emperor Maximilian crowned, 218; the Emperor Maximilian shot by order of the Mexican Republic, 283 Middleton, Sir Frederick, puts down the rebellion of half-breeds in the North-West of Canada, II. 723 Midlothian Programme (1885), The, II. 724 Mill, Mr. John Stuart, elected M.P. for Westminster, II. 243; speech on the National Debt, 258; rejected by Westminster, 315; his Bill for supplying smoking carriages to railway trains, ib.; his opposition to Mr. Forster’s Education Bill, 360; remark on the position of women in England, 652 Milner, Mr. Gibson, representative of the Free Trade Party, I. 244 Mitchell, John, his violent teaching in the “Young Ireland” Party, I. 342; editor of United Ireland, ib.; arrested and condemned to transportation, ib. Molesworth, Sir William, his opposition to the Education Vote, I. 283; his proposal that the Colonies should be made autonomous, 474; Chief Commissioner of Works, 519 Montpensier, Duc de, his marriage to the Spanish Infanta, I. 255 Morgan, Mr. Osborne, passes the Married Women’s Property Act, II. 653 Morley, Mr. John, his Life of Cobden, I. 216, 223; is appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, II. 727 Morris, Mr. Lewis, Jubilee Ode by, II. 750 Morse, Professor, his discoveries in electricity, I. 175 Muncaster, Lord, presents the Duke of Wellington’s banner to King William IV. on the anniversary of Waterloo, I. 3 Mundella, Mr., his Bill for consolidating the Factory Acts, II. 474; Vice-President of the Council, 594 Mutiny, Indian, see India N. Naas, Lord, Secretary for Ireland, II. 257; his Land Bill for Ireland, 286 See also Mayo, Lord Napier, Sir Charles, in command of the Baltic fleet against Russia, I. 583; his blockade of the Gulf of Finland, 584; his success against Russia in the last expedition, 602, 603 Napier, Sir Charles James, his defeat of the insurgents at Hyderabad, I. 150 Napoleon I., Removal of the body of, from St. Helena to Paris, I. 86 Napoleon III. elected President of the French Republic, I. 421; his restoration of the Empire, 491; his struggle with Parliament, 491, 492; the vote in his favour, 494; his installation as Emperor, 523; the Czar’s slight, 526; his marriage, 528; visit to the Queen, 648-654; invested with the Order of the Garter, 651; private visit to the Queen, 717, 718; his death, II. 444 Napoleon, Prince Louis, his murder by the Zulus, II. 575; indignation among the French Bonapartists at his death, 578 National League (Ireland), The, proclaimed, II. 737 Navigation Laws, Proposed repeal of the, I. 374 Navy, Introduction of steam into the, I. 389 Nesselrode, Count, his assurances to the English Government of the peaceful policy of Russia before the Crimean War, I. 551; his attitude during the Russo-Turkish difficulties, 579, 580, 595 Neufchâtel, the dispute with Prussia, I. 696 New Britain and the German annexations in the Pacific, II. 686 Newcastle, Duke of, Colonial Secretary, I. 519; his alleged incompetence in office, 616; Secretary of State for War, 626; his efforts to improve the condition of the army, 631; remarks on the elections, 1857, 709; goes with the Prince of Wales on a visit to America, II. 67-69 New Guinea, the Queensland Government and annexation of, II. 685; southern portion of, annexed by Lord Derby, 686; German annexation, ib. New Ireland and the German annexations in the Pacific, II. 686 Newman, Rev. J. H. (afterwards Cardinal), his entry into the Roman Catholic Church, I. 99-101; “Tract No. 90,” 101; his resignation as Vicar of St. Mary’s at Oxford, ib.; his early intentions, ib.; effect of his withdrawal on the Tractarian Movement, 102 Newport (Mon.), Lord Salisbury’s address at, II. 726 Nicholas, Emperor of Russia, his error in regard to Turkey, I. 579; his obstinacy, ib.; his death, 633 Nightingale, Miss, her labours in the Crimea, I. 624; rewarded by the Queen for her heroic conduct in the Crimea, 692 Nile Expedition to relieve General Gordon, II. 712-4 Nile, Stewart’s night march to the, II. 714 Nolan, Major, his Seed Bill for Ireland, II. 586 Northbrook, Lord, his opposition to the purchase system in the army, II. 393; resignation as Viceroy of India, 494; First Lord of the Admiralty, 594; his Egyptian mission adversely criticised by the Conservatives, 682; his recommendations in regard to Egypt discredit the Gladstone Government, ib.; his promise to make important additions to the navy, 702; and the Admiralty accounts, 710 Northcote, Sir Stafford, President of the Board of Trade, II. 257; Secretary for India, 275; speech on the Irish Church Question, 332; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 465; his tame policy as Chancellor of the Exchequer, 470; his Budget for 1875, 487; his Budget for 1876, 502; his leadership of the House of Commons, 515; his denunciation of the terms of peace between Turkey and Russia, 536; his Budget for 1878, 552; his Budget for 1879, 571; his Budget for 1880, ib.; opposition from the Fourth Party, 595; his motions in regard to Mr. Bradlaugh, 630; his prudent policy distasteful to his followers, 636; his resolution prohibiting Mr. Bradlaugh from taking the oath, 658; Mr. Bradlaugh’s threat to treat this decision as invalid, ib.; his resolution excluding Mr. Bradlaugh from the House of Commons, ib.; his unwillingness to countenance obstructive tactics, ib.; Lord Randolph Churchill’s bitter attacks on his leadership, ib.; his hand forced to obstructive tactics, ib.; speeches in North Wales and Ulster, 668; moves a vote of censure on the Government for their vacillating policy, 673; blames the Government for not helping Hicks Pasha, 674; prevents Mr. Bradlaugh from taking his seat, 676; created Lord Iddesleigh, 708; sudden death of, 734 O. Oatley, George, presented with the Albert Medal by the Queen, I. 607 Obeid, El, Defeat of Hicks Pasha and his army at, II. 67 O’Brien, William Smith, the rise of the Nationalist Party in Ireland, I. 327; his leadership of the “Young Ireland” Party, 341; collapse of his authority, 343; transported to Van Diemen’s Land, ib.; his death, ib. O’Connell, Daniel, remarks in regard to the Queen’s popularity with the Irish, I. 38; suggestion of the “People’s Charter,” 49; early patron of Mr. Disraeli, 51; his denunciation of Sir Robert Peel, 56; the agitation in Ireland, 151; his popularity with the Irish people, ib.; his aims, ib.; the secret of his success, 52; the nature of his invective, ib.; his puzzling methods, 154; death of, 158 O’Connor, Feargus, his denunciation of Sir Robert Peel, I. 56; an agitator by profession, 58; his parentage, ib.; his leadership of the Chartists, 327; at the meeting on Kennington Common, 331; his petition in favour of six points of the Charter, 354; arrested by the Sergeant-at-Arms, 355 Odoacer, the Queen’s conjectural relationship to, I. 45 Odessa bombarded by the British fleet, I. 603 Orleans, Duke of, his death, I. 126 Osborne, Mr. Bernal, his motion on Portuguese affairs, I. 302; his proposal in regard to Ireland, 354; speech on the Austro-Hungarian Question, 399 Osman Digna defeated by General Graham, II. 718; in conflict with the Abyssinians, ib. Otho, King, driven from the throne of Greece, II. 128 Oudh, difficulties as to its government, I. 721; its annexation by the East India Company, 722; outbreak of the Sepoy Mutiny, 729; Canning’s successful diplomacy, 734 Outram, Sir J., General, his victories over the Persians, I. 704; his opinion regarding the government of Oudh, 721; the annexation of Oudh, 722 Overland Route, its inauguration, I. 190 Oxford University, the Tractarian Movement, I. 98; censure of Newman’s tract, 101; Oxford University Bill passed by the Aberdeen Cabinet, 619; proposed abolition of religious tests, II. 397 P. Pakington, Sir John, Colonial Secretary, I. 499; First Lord of the Admiralty, II. 257; Secretary for War, 275 Palmer, Professor, his mission to detach the Bedouins from the side of Arabi Pasha, II. 642; murdered at the Wells of Moses, ib. Palmer, Sir Roundell (afterwards Lord Selborne), his speech on the Irish Church Question, II. 334 Palmerston, Lady, her influence in Whig society, II. 351 Palmerston, Lord, his speech on the sugar duties, I. 94; his condemnation of the Ashburton Treaty, 169, 170; Foreign Secretary, 245; antipathy of Louis Philippe, 258; difficulties with the Church of Rome, 298; deficiencies in his foreign policy, 320; his view regarding an Anglo-German alliance, 322; complaints against his policy by Louis Philippe, 326; his rash interference with Spain, 347; popular indignation against him, 345; vote of censure in Parliament, 349; an Ordnance Department scandal, 394; annoyance to the Queen by his Austrian policy, 395; the reckless character of his policy, 398; difficulties with Greece, 427; the Queen expresses her displeasure with his policy, 478; discussion in Parliament as to his foreign policy, 430, 431; a speech on the Greek dispute, 435; dissatisfaction of the Queen with his administration at the Foreign Office, 437; the Queen’s memorandum in regard to his foreign policy, 454, 455; his plea to the Prince Consort, 455; his cordial reception of Kossuth, 479; his resignation as Foreign Secretary, 495; he assails the Militia Bill, 499; Home Secretary, 519; resigns office, 565; his return to the Cabinet, 566; his zeal for war with Russia, 572; a foolish speech at the Reform Club, 583; his public-spirited behaviour at the Crimean crisis, 628; his policy as Prime Minister, 638; failure of the French alliance, 675; his popularity at the Crimean War, 688; the failure of his home policy, 690; his victory at the elections, 708; increase of confidence from the Queen, 715; his false estimate of the Indian Mutiny, 747; his waning popularity, II. 7; his Bill to alter the Law of Conspiracy, 8; vote of censure passed against him in Parliament, 37; his anti-Austrian policy, 43; his plan for the settlement of the Italian Question, 46; the continued recklessness of his policy, 47; his Fortification Scheme, 62; distaste of the Radicals to his policy, 74; mutilation of the Afghanistan Blue Book, 82; his attack on Prussia, 83; his sympathy with Poland, 160; conflict with the Queen on the Danish Question, 166; censured by the House of Lords, 167; his policy at the Danish War, 191; his diplomacy after the failure of the Sleswig-Holstein Conference, 193; speech on the Irish Question, 233; his death, 243; the character of his statesmanship, 244; his able management of the Commons, ib. Panmure, Lord, his ridiculous despatch to General Simpson, I. 669 Papal Aggression Movement, the Pope’s Brief, I. 460; indiscreet statements of Roman Catholic dignitaries, ib.; Dr. Ullathorne’s explanation, ib. Paris, the Conference in regard to the Russian War, I. 698; the result of the Conference, 716; the Congress of 1858, 719 Parker, Admiral, his blockade of the Piræus, I. 427 Parnell, Mr. Charles Stewart, enters Parliament, II. 488; develops a policy of obstruction, 499; his obstruction of the Prisons Bill, 515; his skill in debate, 516; his support of Radical members, 520; his opposition to flogging in the army, 568; the Attorney-General’s indictment against him, 603; his policy in regard to the Land Act, 628; Mr. Gladstone’s speech against his policy, ib.; imprisoned in Kilmainham, ib.; alliance of his Party with the Tories, 697; additions to his followers, 698; master of Ireland by the elections of 1885, ib.; his Relief Bill is rejected, 730 “Parnellism and Crime,” II. 735 Parnellite alliance with the Tories, Success of, II. 706; manifesto in support of the Tories, 726 Patents Bill, real progress made with it, II. 658 Paxton, Mr., his design for the International Exhibition building, I. 462 Peabody, Mr. George, his gift to the poor of London, II. 135; his second gift, 323; his statue unveiled by the Prince of Wales, 347 Pease, Edward, opening of the passenger line between Birmingham and London, I. 47 Peel, General, Secretary for War, II. 257 Peel, Mr. Arthur, chosen Speaker of the House of Commons, II. 676 Peel, Mr. F., his Bill to deal with clergy reserves in Canada, I. 534 Peel, Sir Robert, his financial statement for 1845, I. 182; the establishment of the Queen’s Colleges in Ireland, ib.; decline in his popularity, 190; his support of the Queen, 191; receives the distinction of the Order of the Garter, 192; his able management of his party, 193; his hesitation in regard to Free Trade, 203; resigns office, 204; re-accepts Premiership, ib.; repeals the Corn Laws, 226; praised by the Queen, 227; fall of his Ministry in the Commons, 228; resigns the Premiership, 238; a letter from the Queen, 239; his wise resolution, 241; his independent attitude, 243; his Bank Restriction Act, 279; his opposition to the Education vote, 283; assailed by High Church Tories, ib.; his Bank Act assailed, 295; attack on his Free Trade policy, 373; his support of the Russell Ministry, 375; his clear perception of the Irish difficulty, 378; triumph of his fiscal policy, 399; his last speech in Parliament, 435; his death, 447; his character, 447, 448 Pegu, Capture of, by the British, I. 506 Pélssier, Canrobert’s successor in the Crimea, I. 640; his irresolution as a leader, 673 Pennefather, General, his command at Inkermann, I. 615 People’s Palace, the, in the East End of London, Opening of, II. 740 Perth, inauguration of a statue to the Prince Consort by the Queen, I. 227 Peterborough, Bishop of, his opinion on the Irish Universities Bill, II. 434 Philippe, Louis, his intrigue for the Franco-Spanish marriage alliance, I. 254; his disreputable motives, 256; his antipathy to Lord Palmerston, 258; loss of reputation, 259; estrangement of the Queen, ib.; abdicates the throne, 325; his flight to England, ib.; generous reception by the Queen, 326; his death, 458 Phœnix Park Murders, The, II. 632 Phœnix Society, The, II. 246 Pierre, Admiral, at Tamatave, II. 667 “Plan of Campaign,” The, II. 730 Plimsoll, Mr., and the shipknackers, II. 485; creates a scene in the House, 486; reprimand and apology, ib. Playfair, Dr. Lyon, Postmaster-General, II. 439 Poland, rebellion in the country, II. 159; the policy of Russia, 162; Russian Imperial Ukase in favour of the peasantry, 218 Police Superannuation Bill, II. 678 Pondoland, British Protectorate established in, II. 686 Poor Law considered unnecessarily harsh, I. 48 Portsmouth, the laying of the submarine telegraph cable, I. 271 Portugal, discussion of its affairs in the British Parliament, I. 302 Postal system, its crudeness in 1837 compared with the present time, I. 3 Pottinger, Eldred, his defence of Herat, I. 113 Prison Ministers Bill, Introduction of the, II. 173 Pritchard, Mr., thrown into prison by the French at Otaheite, I. 167 Prome, Occupation of, by the British, I. 506 Protection, Agitation in regard to, at Manchester, I. 216; Lord Stanley’s advocacy, 227; the policy of its advocates in 1850, 423, 424; a demand for retrenchment, 445; views represented in the Queen’s Speech, 507; success of arguments against Free Trade, 536 Prussia, the revolution of 1848, I. 346; restoration of monarchical authority, 422; signature of the Protocol, 584; view regarding war with Russia, 592; letter from the King to Queen Victoria, 593; continuance of an adverse policy to England, 622; dispute with Switzerland, 696; the war with Austria, II. 280 Prussia, King of, sponsor to the Prince of Wales, I. 106; at a meeting of Parliament, 107 Punch, a cartoon of Russell and Peel, I. 239 Punjaub, its annexation by the East India Company, I. 402 Q. Queensland Government and the annexation of New Guinea, II. 685 Queen Victoria, see Victoria, Queen R. Ragheb Pasha at the head of the Egyptian Cabinet, II. 642 Raglan, Lord, his doubts about the success of invading the Crimea, I. 606; his generalship at the Alma, 607; disagreement with St. Arnaud, 608; his demands for reinforcements, 623; the silence of his despatches regarding the sufferings of the army, ib.; censured in Parliament, 632; his death, 641; his character, 642, 643 Raikes, Mr., his opinion of Louis Philippe, I. 143 Raikes, Mr. H. C., reduces the perpetual penalties on voters in corrupt boroughs, II. 699 Railway, Opening of the London and Birmingham, I. 47 Rangoon, Capture of, by General Goodwin, I. 505 “Ransom,” Mr. Chamberlain’s doctrine of, II. 724 Redan, The British assault on the, I. 670, 671 Reform Bill, Good effect of the, on the middle class, I. 23; Mr. Gladstone’s, II. 671, 699 Ricardo, Mr., his proposal in regard to the difficulties of Free Trade in the Colonies, I. 382 Richmond, Duke of, President of the Board of Trade, II. 275; leader of the Tory Party, 358; Lord President of the Council, 465 Riel, Louis, President of the “Republic of the North-West,” II. 384; hanged for treason, 723 Riots, The, in the West End of London, II. 731 Ripon, Lord, denounced in regard to the Ilbert Bill in India, II. 662 Roberts, General, his brilliant generalship against Ayoub Khan, II. 599; his support of the Ilbert Bill, 662 Roberts, Mr., his Act for closing public-houses during Sundays in Wales, II. 618 Roberts, Mr., his clever transport of artillery at Varna, I. 607 Roebuck, Mr., his Bill for the better government of the colonies, I. 385; his support of Mr. Gladstone, ib.; defeat of his colonial measure, ib.; proposes a vote of confidence in the Russell Government, 435; his motion regarding the mismanagement of the Russian War, 617, 626; his Committee of Investigation, 630; his motion in favour of recognition of the American Confederates by England, II. 176 Roman Catholic disabilities, Removal of, I. 23 Romilly, Sir Samuel, his proposal regarding the Criminal Code, I. 27 Rorke’s Drift, The defence of, II. 564 Rossa, O’Donovan, his real name, II. 246; becomes a convert to Fenianism, ib.; elected Member of Parliament, 353 Rothschild, Baron, his return for the City of London, I. 298; Jews and the Parliamentary Oath, 299 Round Table Conference, The, II. 735 Rowton, Lord, consulted by the Queen on the political situation, II. 695 Royal Grants, Promise of Committee to “inquire into and consider,” II. 720; promise repudiated by the Tory Party, ib. Royal Titles Bill, The, II. 499 Russell, Lord John, his Act in regard to capital punishment, I. 28; his measure for re-uniting Upper and Lower Canada, 35; censured as Home Secretary, 39; his attitude towards the Chartists, 48; his vexation at the reduced pension to Prince Albert, 67; his proposed duty on corn, 90; withdrawal of the motion, 91; dissolution of Parliament, ib.; his opinion on Free Trade, 94; his re-election for the City of London, 95; his conversion to Free Trade, 203; asked to form a Cabinet, 204; the reason of his failure to form a Cabinet, 206; distrusted by Cobden, 207; his letter regarding the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England, 450; the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 464; introduces the Militia Bill, 498; resignation as Prime Minister, 499; fall from the leadership of the Liberal Party, 501; his eulogium on the Duke of Wellington, 512; Foreign Secretary, 519; his scheme for a national system of public instruction, 530; the main point of his Education Scheme, 534; his scheme for reforming Parliament, 564; his speech on the Prince Consort’s position, 576; his unscrupulous policy before the Russian War, 591; his speech against Russia, 602; resigns office, 617; his interference with the Aberdeen Cabinet arrangements, 626; resigns office, ib.; the Queen’s objection to his policy, 627; Colonial Secretary, 630; his humiliating position after the Second Vienna Conference, 634; resigns office, ib.; his Bill to remove the Parliamentary disability of the Jews, 711; his amendment to Disraeli’s Reform Bill, II. 32; conflict of opinion with the Queen, 41; his Anti-Austrian policy, 43; his proposal regarding the reduction of the franchise, 51; raised to the peerage, 85; his diplomacy in regard to Sleswig-Holstein, 199, 203; appointed Premier 245; an address to the Queen on the Irish Church Question, 287; his scheme of Home Rule, 724 Russell, Mr. T. W., denounces the Bankruptcy Clauses of the Irish Land Bill, II. 736 Russia, Visit of Nicholas, Emperor of, to England, I. 160; described by the Queen, ib.; his opinion of the English Court, ib.; his life in England, 161; his jealousy of France, 162; memorandum regarding Turkey, 162, 163; his departure from London, 163; his unpopularity with the English people, ib.; diplomatic quarrel with England, 427, 428; aggressive designs, 540; geographical conditions, 541; ultimatum to Turkey regarding the Greek Church, 550; the points of contention with Turkey, 555; probable offensiveness of Menschikoff’s Note to Turkey, 557; the criminal blunder at Sinope, 578; recall of the English ambassador, ib.; rejection of the proposal of the Powers, 579; defeat by the Turks at Silistria, 582; war declared by England, 583; the battle of the Alma, 607; the battle of Balaclava, 611; the battle of Inkermann, 615; death of the Czar, 633; proposals at the Second Vienna Conference, 634; ready assent to terms of peace at the Crimean War, 678; signing of the treaty with England, 683; attempts to separate France and England, 696; diplomacy in regard to Poland, II. 162; Imperial Ukase in favour of the Polish peasantry, 218; annexation of Circassia, ib.; proposal regarding the Black Sea, 375; outbreak of war with Turkey, 526; the understanding between the Russian and Turkish Governments during the Russo-Turkish War, 528; English despatch to prevent the Russian occupation of Constantinople, 541; menacing India, 542; secret agreement with England regarding Turkey, 547; at the Berlin Congress, 549; the assassination of Alexander II., 623; dispute with England regarding the Afghan boundary, 703; advance of troops on the Indian frontier, ib.; occupation of Pendjeh, ib.; controversy with England about the Afghan frontier, 719 S. Saint Lucia Bay, British Protectorate established at, II. 686 Sale, Sir Robert, repulsed by Dost Mahomed, I. 115; his march to Jelalabad, 118; his defence of Jelalabad, 121; his death at Ferozeshah, 234 Salisbury, Marquis of, his remark regarding Russian aggression in European Turkey, I. 555; his opposition to Mr. Gladstone’s Irish Land Bill, II. 359; Secretary for India, 465; his success at the India Office, 474; his visit to Constantinople, 570; his interview with Bismarck, ib.; Foreign Secretary, 546; his Circular to the Powers, ib.; his secret agreement with Russia regarding Turkey, 547; at the Berlin Congress, 549; his policy in Afghanistan, 556; an error in his Egyptian policy, 638; article in the Quarterly Review bewailing Mr. Gladstone’s disintegration of English Society, 668; article in the National Review advocating the better housing of the poor, ib.; blames the Government for not assisting Hicks Pasha, 674; censure of Mr. Gladstone’s Soudan policy, ib.; his resistance to the Reform Bill of 1884, 697; in office (1885), 707; singular pledge exacted of Mr. Gladstone, ib.; his address at Newport, 726; in power (midsummer, 1886), 730; his theory about a Land Purchase Bill for Ireland, ib. Sandon, Lord, his Endowed Schools Bill, II. 474, 499 Sandwich Islands offered to Britain, I. 188; Houses of Parliament established, ib. Saxe-Weimar, Princess Edward of, II. 723 Schouvaloff, his secret treaty with Lord Salisbury, II. 547 Science, its marked progress since Queen Victoria’s accession, I. 175; the electric telegraph, ib.; the first telegraph line in England, ib.; the beginnings of photography, 176; the discoveries of Wedgwood, ib.; the discoveries of Davy, Daguerre, and Talbot, 177; practical applications of the telescope, ib.; the Thames Tunnel, ib.; Arctic discovery, 178; voyages of Franklin and others, ib. Scinde, Annexation of, by Britain, I. 150 Scotland, conflicting views as to the character of a Church, I. 102; Act of Parliament in regard to Presbyteries, ib.; decree of the General Assembly, ib.; the Strathbogie case, ib.; Dr. Chalmers and Reform, 103; the beginning of the Free Church, ib.; visit of the Queen and Prince Albert, 126; the Queen’s impression of the country and people, 127; passing of the Education Bill, II. 591; the great Liberal victories of 1880, ib.; proposed legislation by the Gladstone Government, 671; the Universities Bill, 678; the Sanitary Bill, 710 Seats Bill passed in the House of Commons, II. 699; its complex character, 699-701 Sebastopol at the mercy of the Allies, I. 608; Todleben’s genius and activity, 610; the beginning of the bombardment, 640; capture of the Malakoff, 671; abandoned by the Russians, 672 Secularism, its rise in England, I. 270; Mr. Holyoake’s views, ib. Sedan, Surrender of the French Emperor at, II. 370 Selborne, Lord, Lord Chancellor, II. 594. “Senior Service,” The, II. 748 Sepoys, their dissatisfaction with British rule in India, I. 725, 726 Servants’ Provident and Benevolent Society, Founding of the, by Prince Albert, I. 363 Seymour, Admiral Sir Beauchamp (afterwards Lord Alcester), his warning to Arabi regarding the fortifications of Alexandria, II. 642; bombards Alexandria, ib.; takes possession of the town of Alexandria, ib.; receives a peerage in return for his services in Egypt, ib. Shaftesbury, Lord, his Commission of Inquiry on Mines and Collieries I. 139; the Mines and Collieries Act, ib.; his Factories Act, ib.; the “Ten Hours Bill,” 286; his undaunted courage, ib.; his withdrawal from Parliament, ib.; his speech against Russia, 587; address to the Queen, asking her not to take the title of Empress, 502 Shah of Persia, The, visit to England, II. 446; his reception, 447; banquet in the Guildhall, 449; his departure from London, 450; the political element in his mission, ib. Shah Soojah supported by the British for the throne of Afghanistan, I. 112; his proposed rule, 114; his unpopularity with the Afghans, 115; his energy and integrity, 118; his assassination, 121 Shaw-Lefevre, Mr., Secretary to the Admiralty, I. 594 Sheffield, the disastrous flood in 1864, I. 226; outrages by artisans, 289 Siam, Envoys from, received by the Queen, II. 667 Sibthorp, Colonel, his motion as to Prince Albert’s pension, I. 67 Sikhs, the rebellion of 1849, I. 399; the siege of Multan, ib. Simpson, Dr. Young, his discovery of chloroform, I. 307 Simpson, General, his appointment to the command in the Crimea, I. 669; his inefficiency, 671, 674 Sing, Maharajah Sir Pertab, at Windsor, II. 740 Sinkat, Massacre of the garrison of, II. 675 Sinope, The massacre of, I. 562 Slave trade, Speech on the, by Prince Albert, I. 105; convention on the matter between England and France, 188 Sliding scale, Peel’s support of a, I. 98; its introduction, 134 “Slumming,” II. 670 Smith, Mr. W. H., becomes First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons, II. 734 Smith, Sir Harry, defeat of the Sikhs at Aliwal, I. 235 Sobraon, Battle of, I. 235 Solomon, Alderman, disqualified as a Jew from taking his seat in Parliament, I. 476 Soudan, Campaigns in the, II. 712-18; evacuation of, by the British, 718 Southey, his interview with the Princess Victoria, I. 15 Spain, the revolution of 1848, I. 347; rising in Madrid, ib.; dethronement of Queen Isabella, II. 323; accession of King Amadeus, 376 Spencer, Lord, Lord President of the Council, II. 594; Irish Viceroy, 632, 634; his policy thrown over by the Tories, 710; adopts Mr. Gladstone’s measure of Home Rule, 727 Spithead, Great naval review at, I. 569, 570 Stamp Duties, Discussion in Parliament on the, I. 444 Stanley, Dean, his death, II. 626; his character, ib.; his biography of Dr. Arnold, ib.; his conciliatory influence on the Anglican Church, ib.; his intimate relations to the Royal Family, ib. Stanley, Lady Augusta, her admirable character, II. 511 Stanley, Lord, Secretary for the Colonies, I. 97; resigns office, 207; leader of the Protectionists, 227; his attack on the Portuguese policy of the Russell Government, I. 352; his discovery of an Ordnance Department scandal, 393; proposes a vote of censure on the Russell Government, 431; failure of his attempt to form a Cabinet, 466. See also Derby, Earl of Stanley, Mr., his discoveries on the Congo, 683 Stansfeld, Mr., his Public Health Bill, II. 423 St. Arnaud, Marshal, his plan for the battle of the Alma, I. 607; his death, 609 Stephenson, General, Repulse of the Arabs by, II. 718 Stephenson, George, opening of the passenger line between Birmingham and London, I. 47 Stewart, Colonel, murdered by Arabs, II. 681 Stewart, Sir Donald, his support of the Ilbert Bill, II. 663 Stewart, Sir Herbert, at Korti, II. 712; at Abu Klea, 713; mortally wounded, 714 St. Leonards, Lord, Lord Chancellor, I. 499 Stockmar, Baron, his opinion as to the changes in the Prince Consort, I. 267; his advice regarding the Russo-Turkish difficulty, 575 Stoddart, Colonel, his mission to Persia, I. 123; his death, 124 Storey, Mr., his opposition to the vote to Prince Leopold on his marriage, II. 646 Stratford de Redcliffe, Lord, English ambassador at Constantinople, II. 549; the nature of his negotiations, 550 Strutt, Mr. James, the Princess Victoria’s visit to his cotton mills at Belper, I. 15; his son created a peer in 1856, ib. Stuart-Wortley, Mr., his Bill to legalise marriage with a deceased wife’s sister, I. 392 Sturge, Mr. Joseph, his leadership of the Chartists, I. 330; his aims, ib. Suakim-Berber Railway, The, II. 718 Suez Canal, Purchase of the Khedive’s shares in, by the English Government, II. 492; exorbitant tolls levied by the Company on the shipping trade, 662; Mr. Gladstone’s agreement with M. de Lesseps, ib.; Mr. Gladstone’s agreement abandoned, ib. Sugar Duties, Lord John Russell’s proposal regarding the, I. 246 Sullivan, Mr. A. M., his description of Ireland during the famine, I. 275 Sullivan, Mr. T. D., his song of “God Save Ireland,” II. 288 Sunday reunions in London society, II. 732 T. Tait, Archbishop, his election to the See of Canterbury, II. 321, 322; his Public Worship Regulation Bill, 471; death of, 650 Tamanieb, The battle of, II. 675 Tay, Disaster on the railway bridge of the, II. 582 Tea Duty, Mr. Gladstone’s reduction of the, II., 238 Tel-el-Kebir, The battle of, II. 643 Tennyson, Alfred (Lord), his ode at the opening of the Great Exhibition, II. 135; declines offer of baronetcy by Mr. Disraeli, 482 Test Act, Repeal of the, I. 23 Thanksgiving Day for recovery of Prince of Wales, II. 415; the service of, on Jubilee Day, 744 Theebaw, King of Burmah, deposed, II. 723 Thom, Mr. John Nicholls, his religious mania, I. 39; his murder of a constable, ib.; his death, ib. Thompson, General Perronet, his “Catechism of the Corn Laws,” I. 83 Thorburn, Mr., his portrait of Prince Albert, I. 159 “Three Acres and a Cow,” II. 726 Times, its opinion on the Corn Laws, I. 205; its attack on the proposed marriage between the Princess Royal and Prince Frederick of Prussia, II. 663; its attacks on the Parnellites, 735 Todleben, Colonel, his great ability, I. 610; his splendid defence of Sebastopol, ib. Tokar, Fall of, II. 675 Tractarian Movement, The, 98; its principles, ib.; its leaders, 99; the “Tracts for the Times,” ib.; opposition to its tenets, ib.; the term “Anglican,” ib.; its effect on the younger clergy, ib.; the spirit of revivalism, ib.; the apparent cogency of its arguments, 100; its creditable qualities, 101; letter by the Archbishop of Canterbury, 178; Puseyite practices, 179 Trades Unions, their incentives to crime, I. 59 Trafalgar, Launch of the warship, at Woolwich, I. 94 Trafalgar Square, Fair Trade meetings in, II. 731; the riots at, ib. Tramways, Act enabling Irish Local Authorities to construct, II. 659 Transvaal, British occupation of the, II. 563; misrepresentations regarding the Boer wish for annexation, 599; Mr. Gladstone’s speeches in favour of Boer independence, ib.; outbreak of rebellion, ib.; proclamation of a Republic, ib.; defeat of British troops at Bronkhorst Spruit, ib.; futile attempt of British troops to quell the rising, ib.; a war of re-conquest by England, 610; defeat of Sir George Colley, 619; defeat of the British at Majuba Hill, ib.; a Republic under British Protectorate, ib. Trevelyan, Mr. (afterwards Sir George Otto), his motion for abolition of purchase in the army, II. 387; Irish Secretary, 634; suppresses “Orange” and “Green” demonstrations in Ireland, 668; resignation of, 727; returns to the Gladstonian party, 735 Turkey, the quarrel with Russia, I. 540; determination to strike a blow at Montenegro, 542; the quarrel of the monks at Jerusalem, 544; refuses to agree to the Vienna Note, 552; the points of contention with Russia, 555; Turkish modifications of the Vienna Note, 556; suspected “shuffling” from the conditions of the Treaty of Kainardji, 557; declares war against Russia, 559; fleet destroyed by the Russians, 562; defeats the Russians at Silistria, 582; treaty with Austria, 586; the terms of peace with Russia after the Crimean War, 685-687; mutiny in Bosnia and Herzegovina, II. 494; the Andrassy Note, 495; advantages secured by the policy of England, 496; the Bulgarian atrocities, 504-503; Lord Beaconsfield’s policy during the Russian difficulty, 511, 523, 526; the war against Russia, 526; English neutrality during the war, 527; the fall of Plevna, 528; the Anglo-Turkish Convention, 550; refusal of concessions to Montenegro and Greece, 597; the British fleet sent to Ragusa, 598 U. Ulundi, The battle of, II. 566 United States, controversy with England in regard to Oregon, I. 231; a treaty with England ratified, 232; the struggle on the Slave Question, II. 111; decision of the Supreme Court regarding negroes, 114; the contention between North and South, ib.; secession of the Southern States, ib.; outbreak of the Civil War, 115; English sympathy with the North, ib.; the battle of Bull’s Run, 116; seizure of the English steamer Trent by the Federals, ib.; settlement of the Trent dispute, 119; progress of the war, 131; the fight between the Merrimac and the Monitor, ib.; the battle of Fredericksburg, 133; embittered relations between England and America, ib.; efforts in England in behalf of the South, 176; capture of Vicksburg, 177; continuance of the war, 178; cruisers built in English dockyards, 211; Grant’s leadership, 219; Sherman’s success, 222; complete defeat of the Confederates, 238; assassination of Lincoln, 239; the negotiations regarding the Alabama claims, 342; celebration of the Queen’s Jubilee in, 747 Upper Burmah annexed to the Indian Empire, II. 723 Utrecht, Treaty of, its stipulations as to the French and Spanish crowns, I. 256 V. Van Buren, President of the United States, Proclamation of, regarding the rebellion, I. 33 Varna, The camp of the Allies at, I. 603; a Council of War, ib. Veto Law in the Church of Scotland, I. 102 Victor Emmanuel, his agreement with the French Emperor, II. 29 Victoria, Queen, birth and parentage of her Majesty, I. 4; her illustrious descent, ib.; christened at Kensington Palace, 7; a previous monarch of her name in Britain, ib.; her sponsors, ib.; her early surroundings, 10; her education, ib.; grounded in languages, music, &c., ib.; her general education entrusted to the Duchess of Northumberland, ib.; her affability, 11; influenced by Wilberforce, ib.; her charity and kindness, ib.; her appearance in public, ib.; false reports regarding her health, ib.; anecdotes regarding her studies, 11, 12; the Regency Bill, 14; her progress in her studies, ib.; her fondness for music, ib.; juvenile ball in her honour by Queen Adelaide, ib.; additional income of £10,000 granted her by Parliament, 15; stay in the Isle of Wight, ib.; visit to the Belper Mills in Derbyshire, ib.; visit to Oxford, ib.; visit to Southampton, 18; her confirmation at St. James’s, ib.; an instance of her benevolence, ib.; her coming of age, ib.; her first Council, 19; her address on the King’s death, ib.; proclaimed Queen, 22; the period of her accession fortunate, ib.; instructed in the theory and working of the British Constitution by Lord Melbourne, 23; residence at Buckingham Palace, 27; addresses to the Houses of Parliament, ib.; her income fixed at £385,000, 30; her business precision, ib.; her popularity at the beginning of her reign, 35; foolish imputations against her, 36; Chartist and other opponents, 38; her generous disposition, 39; coronation, 42, 43; a letter to Sir R. Peel, 55; affianced to Prince Albert, 62; informing the Privy Council of her marriage, 63; domestic life, 75; fired at by Edward Oxford, 82; birth of the Princess Royal, 83; a royal tour, 94; speech to Parliament, 95; her dislike to the Tractarian Movement, 102; birth of the Prince of Wales, 106; attempts on her life, 110; visit to Scotland, 126; her impressions, 127; departure from Edinburgh, ib.; letter to the Lord Advocate, ib.; birth of the Princess Alice, 132; meeting with Louis Philippe, 143; visit to Belgium, 146; visit of the Emperor Nicholas of Russia, 159; birth of Prince Alfred, 167; visit to Scotland, 171; residence at Blair Athole, ib.; visit of Louis Philippe, 172; founding of the Royal Exchange, 174; the purchase of Osborne, 179; visit to the Continent, 195; enthusiastic reception in Germany, 197, 198; second visit to Louis Philippe, 198; her admirable behaviour at the Corn Law crisis, 211; her sympathy during the agricultural distress, 218, 219; the Speech from the Throne in 1846, 220; her Parliamentary instinct, 226; letter on Peel’s resignation, 239; anecdote of her kindness, 248; anxiety about our foreign policy, 254; visit to the Isle of Wight, 261; reception of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, ib.; birth of the Princess Helena, ib.; a letter in regard to the Prince Consort, 262; yachting cruise in the Channel, 263; a visit to Cornwall, 266; visits from German friends, 267; visit to Hatfield, 268; her account of the installation of Prince Albert as Chancellor of Cambridge University, 314; visit to Scotland, 318, 320; anxieties in 1848, 357; birth of the Princess Louise, 364; visit to Balmoral, 366, 367; her plan for her children’s education, 403; shot at by Hamilton, 406; visit to Ireland, 409; her Irish policy, 443; birth of the Duke of Connaught, 452; assaulted by Lieutenant Pate, ib.; birth of Prince Leopold, 567; review of the fleet at Spithead, 584; a letter to the King of Prussia regarding the war with Russia, 594; her anxiety concerning the soldiers in the Crimea, 645; decorates Crimean soldiers at Chatham Hospital, 646; visit to France, 656-660; visit to Aldershot, 692; reviews the fleet, 693; reviews the troops at Aldershot, 695; birth of the Princess Beatrice, 738; confers the title of Prince Consort on Prince Albert, 743; visit to Birmingham, II. 19; visit to the Emperor and Empress of the French at Cherbourg, 21; visit to the Prince and Princess of Prussia, 23; visit to Leeds, 25; project for founding the Order of the Star of India, 40; reviews the volunteers at Hyde Park, 64; visit to Germany, 70; second visit to Ireland, 87, 89; death of the Prince Consort, 92-96; letter on the Hartley coal-pit disaster, 138; her deep sorrow, 143; visit to Germany, 144; an address from the ballast-heavers, 179; visit to Belgium, 180; her policy at the Danish War, 191; first appearance in public after the Prince Consort’s death, 227; visit to Germany, 249; opens the Blackfriars Bridge and Holborn Viaduct, 353; opens the hall of the London University, 377; a garden party at Windsor, 383; opening of the Royal Albert Hall, 409; opening of St. Thomas’s Hospital, 410; illness, 411; her opposition to French decorations in England, 443; opens the Victoria Park, 445; visit from the Czar, 478; the Royal Titles Bill, 499; unveils the Scottish National Memorial at Edinburgh, 503; proclaimed Empress of India at Delhi, 512; her supposed pro-Turkish sympathies, 531; visit to Hughenden, 532; visit to Italy, 579; cordial reception in Paris, ib.; visited at Baveno by Prince Amadeus of Italy, 580; received by the King and Queen of Italy at Monza, ib.; visit from the Emperor of Germany at Windsor, ib.; Canning’s policy in India, ib.; visit to her relatives in Germany, 604; arrival at Darmstadt, 606; visit from the Crown Prince and Princess of Germany, 626; continuation of her “Leaves from the Journal of a Life in the Highlands,” 686; the tone of her “Journal” reminiscences, 687; illness, ib.; visit to Germany, 692; present at the marriage of Princess Victoria of Hesse, ib.; visit to Balmoral, 694; troubled as to the issue of the political crisis arising out of the Reform Bill, 695; confers the Order of the Garter on Prince George of Wales, ib.; her pressure on the Duke of Richmond to accept a compromise on Mr. Gladstone’s Reform Bill, 697; her letter to Miss Gordon, 717; holiday at Aix-les-Bains, 719; visit to Darmstadt (1885), ib.; her objections to Ascot Race Week, 721; visits the Indian and Colonial Exhibition, 731; opens the Holloway College for Women, 732; opens the International Exhibitions at Liverpool and Edinburgh, ib.; attends the Garden Party at Marlborough House, ib.; visits the Duke of Buccleuch, ib.; fixes date for celebrating her Jubilee, 733; opens the Law Courts in Birmingham, 739; her holiday at Cannes and Aix-les-Bains, 740; visits the Grande Chartreuse, ib.; opens the People’s Palace, ib.; visits the “Wild West” Show, ib.; her Jubilee procession to Westminster Abbey, 741; after the Jubilee service in the Abbey, 743; reviews the seamen of the fleet, ib.; attends the children’s celebration of the Jubilee in Hyde Park, 747; gives a Jubilee Banquet in Buckingham Palace, 748; her letter to her people on the Jubilee, ib.; gives a Garden Party in connection with the Jubilee, ib.; reviews the metropolitan volunteers, ib.; the progress which she has seen during her reign, 751 Victoria, Lord Normanby’s resignation of the Governorship of, II. 690; Prince Leopold’s wish to become Governor, ib.; the Queen opposes Prince Leopold’s proposed Governorship, ib. W. Wady Halfa, The British at, II. 718 Waghorn, Lieutenant, his inauguration of the Overland Route, I. 190 Wakley, Mr., his remarks in regard to Sir Robert Peel, I. 238 Wales, Prince of, his birth, I. 106; title bestowed by letters patent, ib.; other titles by right, ib.; his sponsors, ib.; his first public appearance in a pageant of State, 418; his stay at Königswinter, 746; his stay at Richmond Park, II. 19; a letter from the Queen on his reaching his eighteenth year, 26; tour in Canada, 66; his warm reception in the United States, 67; visit to Germany, 90; his tour in the East, 136-138; his marriage to the Princess Alexandra, 144; takes his seat in the House of Lords, 147; birth of Prince Albert Victor, 223; birth of Prince George Frederick, 249; his illness, 411; the excitement in London regarding his illness, 412; his relapse, ib.; the probability of a Regency, ib.; all the members of the Royal Family summoned to Sandringham, ib.; fall in the Money Market securities on account of his serious illness, ib.; his rally on the anniversary of the Prince Consort’s death, 413; addresses of sympathy from Republican societies, ib.; his convalescence, ib.; a letter from the Queen to the Home Secretary, 414; Thanksgiving Day, 415; his popular discharge of royal duties, 442; his financial embarrassments, 476; State visit to India, 493; Mr. Bright’s support of the grant for the State pageant to India, 494; the argument that his visit might benefit the natives of India, ib.; visit to Germany, 606; visit of, and Princess, to Ireland, 719 Wales, The “Rebecca” disturbances in, I. 138; removal of the grievances, 139 Walewski, his letter to the British Government regarding the shelter of French refugees, II. 10; Palmerston’s impolitic reply, ib.; spirited protest by Lord Malmesbury, 14 Walpole, Horace, an anecdote of George III.’s coronation, I. 46 Walpole, Mr., S., his remarks on the Crimean War, I. 687; Secretary for Home Affairs, II. 257 Ward Hunt, Mr., Chancellor of the Exchequer, II. 304; his Budget for 1868, 312; First Lord of the Admiralty, 465 Washington, meeting of a Commission regarding points at issue between England and America, II. 390 Waterloo Banquet, The Duke of Wellington’s proposal to dispense with the, I. 3 Wellington, Duke of, his proposal to dispense with the Waterloo Banquet, I. 3; advises the formation of a Cabinet by Sir Robert Peel, 54; his advice regarding the address to the Queen after her marriage, 66; leader of the House of Lords, 97; visit of the Queen and Prince Albert to Strathfieldsaye, 180; his sympathy with Peel on Free Trade, 211; his loyalty to the Queen, 212; his attitude to the Russell Ministry, 242; letter to Lord John Russell, ib.; his suppression of undue corporal punishment in the army, 248; his anxiety about the defences of the country, 303; letter to Sir John Burgoyne, ib.; the Queen’s courtesies, ib.; his defeat of the Chartist rising, 330, 335; proposal to instal the Prince Consort his successor as Commander-in-Chief, 451; his opposition to the Militia Bill, 499; his death, 508; tributes to his memory, 509; universally mourned, 510; his lying in state, ib.; his funeral, 511; his character, 513, 514 Westbury, Lord Chancellor, his action in favour of the Fraudulent Trusts Bill, I. 715; his statement in regard to the synodical condemnation of “Essays and Reviews,” 215; charged with corrupt practices, 242; resigns office, 243 Westminster Abbey, Scene in, at the Jubilee Service, II. 746 Whewell, Dr., his invitation to Prince Albert to become a candidate for the Chancellorship of Cambridge, I. 307; his meeting with the Queen, 315 “White Terror,” The, at Calcutta, II. 7 Wilberforce, Dr. Samuel, his opposition to the Sugar Duties, I. 246, 247; his account of Prince Albert’s installation as Chancellor of Cambridge University, 314; his reply to Lord Chancellor Westbury on “Essays and Reviews,” II. 217 William, German Emperor, his visit to England, I. 70; his early campaigns, ib.; crowned King of Prussia, II. 91 Wilson, Sir Charles, in command of Sir H. Stewart’s column, II. 714; his operations between Metamneh and Khartoum, 715; arrives at Khartoum, ib.; his steamers fired on by the Arabs, ib.; wrecked in the Nile, 716; rescued by Lord Charles Beresford, ib. Windham, Colonel, his bravery at the storming of the Redan, I. 671 Wiseman, Cardinal, his pastoral regarding Roman Catholicism in England, I. 450 Wolff, Sir Henry Drummond-, one of the founders of the Fourth-party, II. 594; his obstructionist tactics, 601; his mission to Egypt, II. 708 Wolseley, Sir Garnet, commands the British expedition to Ashanti, II. 461; enters Coomassie in triumph, ib.; efforts to re-establish order in Zululand, 566; commands the expedition against the Egyptians under Arabi, 642; celerity of his movements, 643; the battles of Kassassin and Tel-el-Kebir, ib.; created Lord Wolseley, ib.; arrives at Korti, 712; leaves Dongola, 718 Wolverhampton, statue to the Prince Consort inaugurated by the Queen, II. 267; the enthusiastic reception of the Queen, ib. Wood, Sir C., First Lord of the Admiralty, I. 630 Wordsworth, his ode on the installation of the Prince Consort as Chancellor of Cambridge University, I. 310 Wyse, Mr., British envoy at Paris, I. 427 Y. Yeh, Commissioner, Capture of, in Canton, II. 5 “Young Ireland” Party, its objects, I. 339; the leaders of, ib. Z. Zebehr Pasha named by Gordon as ruler of the Soudan, II. 711; deportation of, to Gibraltar, ib. Zulu War, The, II. 563; defeat of the British, 564; the battle of Rorke’s Drift, ib.; battle of Ulundi, 566