INDEX

Act of Union, 15

Acts, Post Office, see Post Office Acts

Advertisement duty, 117, 119, 128

Agriculture, encouragement of, 190, 245

Aktentaxe, 225, 240

Allen, Ralph, 18

Armour, R., 138

Australia, parcel post in, 197

Bastiat, Frédéric, 86

Bath Road, 21

Binnenporto, 102

Blackwood, Sir Arthur, 234, 279

Blind, rate on printed matter for, 244, 320

Bonaparte, Louis Napoleon, 167

Book Post, 32, 184, 220, 320

Books, rate for, see Rates of postage

Boten-Anstalten, 97, 209, 349, 350

Botenmeister, 97, 98

Botenpost, 98

Bourne, Jonathan, Senator, 196

Buildings, Post Office, cost of, 293, 309

Burlamachi, Philip, 10

Bye letters, 17

Canadian Magazine Post, 346

Cape Breton, posts in, 51

Carriers, common, and conveyance of letters, 1, 250, 380, 381

Cartes de visite, 224

Catalogues, 170, 172, 225

Chesterfield, Lady, 112

Clanricarde, Lord, 53, 345

"Class" newspapers, 124, 125

Classification of mail matter, see Mail matter; of postal revenue, see Revenue, net

Clerks of the Road, 114, 118, 403-11

Closed post, 222, 320 note

Colis encombrants, 280

Colonial letters, rates for, 345, 346

Commercial papers, rate for, see Rates of postage

Commissioners of Inquiry into Fees and Emoluments, 1788, 115 note; into Revenue Departments, 1829, 25, 114 note; of Post Office Inquiry, 1837, 248 note; 1838, 29

Commissioners on Post Office in British North America, Report of, 1840, 47, 48

Committee, Select, on Postage, 1838, 30; on Newspaper Stamps, 1851, 122, 127

Commonwealth, The, 14

Confederation of British North American Colonies, 1867, 55, 141, 254

Conference, international postal, 1863, 265

Congress, Constitutional (United States), 70; Continental (United States), 66, 149

Congress, international postal, 1874, 266; 1876, 270; 1878, 277; 1880, 278; 1886, 280; 1897, 272, 281; 1906, 274, 281

Convention, General Postal Union, 1874, 270;

Parcel Post (international), 1880, 279

Conveyance of mails, cost of, 26, 35, 47, 191, 253, 254, 292, 307, 308, 321, 326

Conway Bridge, additional rate for, 339

Cost of handling (United Kingdom), 35, 311; for buildings, 293, 309; for conveyance of mails, 26, 35, 47, 191, 253, 254, 292, 307, 308, 321, 326; for staff, 289, 301, 306; for second-class mail (United States), 156, 158; letters (France), 85; newspapers (Germany), 175; parcels (Germany), 219, (United States) 198; postcards, 243

Council of State, 11, 12

Country newspapers (protected), see Newspapers (provincial)

Couriers, post, see Post-couriers

Crimean War, 125

Cromwell, Thomas, 3

Cross-posts, 14, 17, 22, 70, 388

Cumbersome parcels, additional charge for, 206, 215, 280; definition of, 206 note, 280 note

Cunard, Samuel, 347

Cunard Steamship Company, 348

Cursores, 1, 2, 377

Daily post, establishment of, in England, 19

Declaratory Act, 1778, 44, 45

Deficit, on newspapers, 133, 169, 176, 294; on parcels, 190, 219, 294; on second-class mail, 147, 155, 158, 162

Delivery fees, 107, 110, 180, 206, 249, 258

Deputy Postmasters, see Postmasters

Deputy Postmaster-General (North America), 37, 48, 52, 64, 136, 140, 148

Dockwra, William, 183, 247

Double letter, definition of, 336

Dragonerpost, 98

Drop letter, 254

Duty (paper), 117, 119 note; (advertisement), 117, 119, 128; (stamp), 117, 119, 121, 128

East India Company, 344

Elgin, Lord, 53

Evasion of postage, 16, 27, 48, 72, 254

Express companies, competition for second-class mail, 161; delivery of parcels, 193, 195

Farm (of the posts), 13, 14, 15, 70, 80, 380

Fee letter, see Letters

Finance, 35, 36

Finlay, Hugh, 37, 401

First-class mail matter, see Mail matter, classification of

Fittings (for sorting), 284; cost of, 293

Foot-messengers, 184, 221, 331, 378

Foreign letter office, 8, 12, 13

Foreign posts, see Posts

Fourth-class mail matter, see Mail matter, classification of

Foxcroft, Thomas, 66, 399

Frank, definition of, 27 note

Franking, 27, 49, 52, 114, 115, 116, 118, 138, 148, 403-11

Franklin, Benjamin, 39, 63, 64, 66, 148

Freeling, Sir Francis, 22, 137, 138

Freight trains, use of for second-class mail, 163

Gazette, London, 113, 114

Gazette, Oxford, 113, 114

General post, 248

General post delivery (London), 248

Germain, Lord George, 67

German-Austrian Postal Union, 1850, 213, 226, 236, 264

Geschäftspapiere, 240

Gladstone, W. E., 126, 130

Goddard, William, 65

Gratuitous transit (of foreign mails), 268, 273, 275

Halfpenny Packet Post, 222

Hamilton, Andrew, 60, 62, 392-9

Hamilton, John, 64

Hand-stamping machines, 303

Handling, cost of, see Cost of handling; method of, 284

Hartington, Marquess of, 130

Heaton, Sir J. Henniker, 346

Heriot, John, 40

Hickes, James, 113

Hill, Matthew Davenport, 29

Hill, Sir Rowland, 23-30, 47, 72, 74, 84, 127, 220, 312, 323

Horse-posts, see Posts

Howe, John, 43, 139

Illustrated London News, 129

Inland letter office, 10, 12

International Parcel Post, see Parcel post

Jaccottey, P., 171

Joyce, H., 17

King's messengers, 1, 4, 6, 377

Landbestellgeld, 110

Landkutschen, 97

Landporto, 102

Laurier, Sir Wilfred, 147

L'Estrange, Roger, 112, 113

Letter rate, see Rates of postage

Letters, definition of "single," "double," "treble," 336; bye, 17; cross-post, 17; drop, 254; fee, 51; way, 18, 50; average weight of, 33, 291, 308

Licences, issue of, by Post Office, 357

Licensing Act, 1662, 112, 117

Lichfield, Lord, 29

Local newspapers (protected), see Newspapers (provincial)

Local penny posts, 250

Local rates, see Rates of postage

London Gazette, 113, 114

London Penny Post, 183, 247, 342

London Threepenny Post, 252

London Twopenny Post, 252

Loss on certain branches of Post Office business, see Deficit

Maberley, Colonel, 29, 184

Magazine Post to Canada, 346

Magazines, transmission by post, 150, 152, 154, 155, 159, 346

Mail-coach, introduction of, 21

Mail matter, classification of, 75, 152, 191, 244

Mail order business, 196

Maîtres de poste, 37, 39

Manley, John, 13, 383

Maryland Journal, 65

Master of the Posts, 2, 12

Menai Bridge, additional rate for, 339

Merchant Adventurers, 8

Merchant Companies, 8

Mercurius Publicus, 112

Military post routes, 40, 42, 43

Millerand, A., 92, 93

Monopoly, postal, 7, 9, 13, 60, 80, 255, 259, 325, 330, 340, 358, 380-4

Monsell, W., 133

Muddiman, Henry, 112, 113

Mulock, Sir William, 57, 146, 147

Murray, Robert, 247

Neale, Thomas, 60, 62, 391-8

Net revenue, see Revenue, net

New England colonies, 59

Newsbooks, 111, 112

Newsletters, 111

Newspaper rate, see Rates of postage

Newspaper Stamps, Select Committee on, 1851, 122, 127

Newspaper supplements, 171, 172, 181

Newspapers, average weight of, 132, 142, 308; cost of transmission, 175, 176; franking of, 148; free transmission of, 51, 56, 57, 139, 140, 142, 143, 144; "class," 124, 125; political, 167, 168; provincial (protected), 142, 146, 150, 151, 166, 169, 177; transient, 137, 152

Nicholas, Sir Edward, 113

North German Union, 108, 213, 214, 228, 257

Nuncii, 1, 2, 377

Old Age Pensions, payment of, 357

Open post, 222, 320 note

Oxenbridge, Clement, 13

Oxford Gazette, 113, 114

Pacific mails, 75

Packet post, see Post for the packet

Packet postage, 339

Page, W. J., 49, 52

Palmer, John, 20

Paper duty, 117, 119

Papiers d'affaires, 93, 239

Parcel Post, international, 185, 204, 206, 277; local, 207, 208; loss on, 190, 219, 295, 334

Parcel Post Act, 1882, 188, 288

Parcel rate, see Rates of postage

Parcels, cost of transportation, 188, 218, 219, 311, 321, 325, 331; average weight of, 33, 190, 216, 325

Paris, University of, 78, 79

Parliamentary Intelligencer, 112

Parnell, Sir Henry, 24

Pattern Post, see Rates of postage (samples)

Penalty frank, 192

Penny Post (London), 183, 247, 342

Penny posts (local), 250

Penny postage, uniform, introduction of, 23

Penrose Overstreet Commission, 156, 157

Periodicals, transmission by post, 150, 152, 154, 155, 159

Pitt, William, 21, 344

Political newspapers, 167, 168

Poor Man's Guardian, 120

Popish Plot, 14

Post Office Acts— 1657, 13; 1660, 14, 337, 341; 1711, 15, 229, 248, 337, 343; 1730, 249, 251; 1763, 17; 1764, 115; 1765, 20, 250, 338; 1784, 21, 338; 1794, 251; 1795, 230; 1796, 338; 1797, 22; 1799, 344; 1801, 22, 230, 251, 338; 1802, 116; 1805, 22, 230, 252, 338; 1812, 22, 230, 339; 1814, 344; 1815, 345; 1836, 122; 1837, 339, 347; 1838, 288; 1839, 231; 1840, 231; 1853, 128; 1855, 128; 1870, 131, 221; 1882, 188; 1893, 288; 1908, 131

Post Office revenue, see Revenue, net

Postage, origin of term, 2, 6; prepayment of, 27, 238, 251; rates of, see Rates of postage

Postage, uniform, see Uniform postage

Postage stamps, introduction of, 27

Postal monopoly, see Monopoly

Postal traffic, growth of, in United Kingdom, 32

Postal Union Convention, 1874, 270

Post-boten, 97

Post-boys, 16, 20, 22

Postcards, 241; average weight of, 308

Post-couriers, 9, 39, 41, 49, 51, 52, 79, 81, 99, 374, 376

Post for the packet, 5, 8, 378

Post-horses, 2, 4, 5, 6, 20, 374-7, 381, 385

Postmasters, 5, 7, 9, 18, 49, 51, 66, 71, 114, 192, 254, 342, 387, 390, 397, 404, 406, 410

Post-riders, 4, 5, 20, 22, 67

Post-roads, 14, 17

Post-stages, 2, 20, 38, 79, 99, 374-7

Posts, 2; cross-posts, 14, 17, 22, 70, 388; extraordinary, 3, 6; foreign, 8, 340; horse, 2, 22, 37, 61, 65, 79, 99, 350; military, 40, 43, 98; ministerial, 67; municipal, 6; ordinary, 3; parliamentary, 67; regular, 2, 6; temporary, 3, 6; thorough, 4, 5; Thurn and Taxis, 108, 350; travelling, 3-6, 79; university, 6, 78

Povey, Charles, 250

Power stamping machines, 303

Prepayment of postage, 27, 238, 251

Press, restrictions upon, 112, 117, 119, 122, 126, 166, 167, 180

Prideaux, Edmund, 11

Prince Edward Island, posts in, 52

Profit, Post Office, see Revenue, net

Prospectuses, transmission by post, 170, 172, 225

Provincial newspapers, see Newspapers

Provost, Sir George, 42

De Quester, Matthew, 7, 340

Railway Clearing Committee, 189

Railway companies, remuneration of, for conveyance of mails, 186, 288

Railway rates, basis of, 321, 322, 323

Randolph, Thomas, 3

Rates of Postage—

England.

Letters, 1635, 9; 1649, 11; 1657, 13, 336; 1660, 14, 337; 1711, 15, 337; 1765, 20, 338; 1784, 21, 338; 1797, 1801, 1805, 22, 338; 1812, 22, 339; 1840, 23, 339; 1865, 31, 339; 1871, 31, 340; 1885, 1897, 32, 340; 1915, 36, 340 Newspapers, 1836, 122; 1853, 1855, 128; 1870, 181; 1915, 135 Book Post, 1847, 220; 1853, 1866, 1870, 221; 1897, 222; 1915, 223 Parcels, 1883, 187; 1915, 190 Samples, 1753, 1795, 1805, 1812, 230; 1837, 1863, 231; 1864, 1870, 232; 1887, 1897, 234; 1915, 235 Commercial Papers, 1660, 238; 1847, 239 Local Rates, 1680, 247; 1730, 249; 1794, 1801, 251; 1805, 252

Canada.

Letters (First-class Mail), 1765, 38; 1842, 49-52; 1851, 55; 1867, 56; 1889, 1898, 57 Newspapers (Second-class Mail), 1840, 136; 1844, 140; 1867, 141; 1882, 143; 1898, 145; 1903, 147 Book Post (Third-class Mail), 245 Fourth-class Mail, 245 Parcels, 1914, 356 Local Rates, 1867, 1889, 254; 1898, 255

United States of America.

Letters (First-class Mail), 1693, 61; 1711, 1765, 63; 1775, 66; 1777, 68; 1780, 1781, 1782, 69; 1792, 1814, 71; 1845, 73; 1851, 1863, 75; 1883, 1885, 76 Newspapers (Second-class Mail), 1792, 149; 1794, 1825, 150; 1845, 1847, 1851, 151; 1863, 1872, 152; 1879, 153 Book Post (Third-class Mail), 76, 245 Fourth-class Mail, 76, 245 Parcels, 1913, 201; 1914, 202

France.

Letters, 1576, 1627, 1676, 80; 1703, 1759, 81; 1791, 82; 1827, 83; 1849, 85; 1850, 1854, 1871, 88; 1876, 1878, 90; 1906, 94; 1910, 1917, 96 Newspapers, 1791, 1795, 1799, 165; 1827, 1850, 166; 1856, 167; 1878, 1895, 1908, 169 Book Post, 1791, 1856, 223; 1878, 224; 1909, 225 Parcels, 1881, 205; 1897, 206 Samples, 1791, 1856, 235; 1871, 1873, 1875, 236 Papiers d'Affaires, 1856, 1871, 1875, 240 Local Rates, 1653, 255; 1759, 1878, 256

Germany.

Letters, 1712, 1762, 100; 1766, 1770, 1822, 101; 1824, 102; 1844, 104; 1848, 105; 1850, 106; 1860, 1861, 107; 1868, 1871, 1900, 109 Newspapers, 1821, 1848, 174; 1899, 178 Book Post, 1712, 1821, 1824, 225; 1850, 226; 1856, 227; 1871, 1874, 228; 1890, 229 Parcels, 1699, 1713, 210; 1762, 1766, 211; 1770, 1805, 1811, 1824, 212; 1842, 1850, 1857, 1867, 213; 1874, 214-15 Samples, 1825, 1850, 236; 1860, 1863, 1871, 237; 1875, 1914, 238 Geschäftspapiere, 1900, 241 Local Rates, 1852, 256; 1860, 1865, 1867, 257; 1875, 258; 1900, 261

International.

Letters, 1874, 270; 1906, 275 Parcels, 1880, 1886, 280; 1897, 281; 1906, 282

Rates, international transit, see Transit rates

Redirection (of letters, etc.), 283, note 2

Reform Act, 1832, 119

Revenue, net, 16, 22, 31, 35, 58, 63, 71, 76, 80, 83, 87, 89, 91, 94, 99, 100, 104, 105, 109, 253, 314, 353, 355, 358; theoretical character of, 362, 363

Rice, Spring, 122

Richelieu, 80

Riders in post, 4, 5, 20, 22, 67

Rural delivery, 89, 110, 161, 314 note, 331, 332; free, 161

Sample rate, see Rates of postage

Savings Bank, Post Office, 33, 357

Schriftentaxe, 225, 240

Second-class Mail, see Mail matter, classification of; Congressional Commission on, 1907, 156; 1912, 158; deficit, 147, 155, 158, 162; use of freight trains for, 163

Select Committee on Postage, Report of, 1838, 30; on Newspaper Stamps, 1851, 122, 127

Seven Years' War, 81, 100, 211

Ship Letter Office, 344

Ship letters, 339, 342

Single letter, definition of, 336

Smith, Adam, 329, 330

Sorting frames, 285

Stafetti, 8, 378

Staff, 33-5; cost of, 289, 301, 306

Stage coach, 20, 250 note, 385

Stamp duty (on newspapers), 117, 119, 121, 128

Stamping machines, 303

Stamps, postage, introduction of, 27

Stanhope, Lord, 7, 341, 380

State control of Post Office, 328

Stayner, T. A., 138

Stephan, H. von, 241, 266

Supplemental services, 33, 109, 357

Supplements (newspaper), 132, 171, 172, 181

Surveyors (post office), 20, 21

Sutherland, Daniel, 43

Taxes on knowledge, 126, 142

Taxis, J. von, 350

Telegraphs, Post Office, 33, 358

Telephones, Post Office, 33, 358

Temporary uniform fourpenny rate. 30 note

Third-class Mail Matter, see Mail matter, classification of

Thirty Years' War, 209, 353

Thorough Post, 4, 5

Threepenny Post (London), 252

Thurn and Taxis Posts, 108, 350

Times newspaper, 121, 129

Trade journals, transmission by post, 132, 147, 159

Transient newspapers, 137, 152

Transit, gratuitous, 268, 273, 275

Transit rates, international, 267, 270, 271, 273, 275, 279, 281

Travelling Post, 3-6, 79

Treble letter, definition of, 336

Tuke, Brian, 2, 3

Tupper, Sir Charles, 57

Twopenny Post (London), 252

Uniform postage, 23, 26, 28, 54, 72, 75, 85, 108, 312, 323

Union générale des Postes, 269

Union postale universelle, 269, note 3

Universal penny postage, 276, 348

Universal Postal Union, 224, 229

University posts, 6, 78

Urgent parcels, special fee for, 215

Wages (of postmasters), 3, 5

Wages, Post Office, 34, 297

Walkley, A. B., 275 note

Wanamaker, J., 77, 154, 155, 192

Ward, Edmund, 137, 139

Ward, Sir J. G., 276

Warwick, Earl of, 11

Way letter, 18, 50

Way Office, 49, 50

Weighing of mails (United States), 156, 157

Wells, H. G., 134

West, Robert, 398

Williamson, Joseph, 113

Witherings, Thomas, 8, 9, 12, 378, 381

Yearly express, 40

Zone rates, 177, 199, 201, 202, 215, 356

Printed in Great Britain by

UNWIN BROTHERS, LIMITED, THE GRESHAM PRESS, WOKING AND LONDON

Transcriber's note

With the exception of a few minor punctuation corrections, changes have been made to the text only as follows:

Page 174: added closing parenthesis in "(Hauptblattes)"

Footnote 222: "ihre" changed to "ihrer" (Die Post und der Charakter ihrer Einkünfte)

Footnote 240: "Werte" changed to "Werke" (aller in Betracht kommenden Vorstände schrittweise zu Werke gegangen)

Footnote 240: "bedeutender" changed to "bedeutende" (hatte die Erleichterungen ohne bedeutende Opfer aus der Postkasse erkauft)

Footnote 250: "Reichs-Post" changed (added hyphen) to "Reichs-Post-" (Die Finanzen der Reichs-Post- und Telegraphen-Verwaltung)

Footnote 251: "Post" changed (added hyphen) to "Post-" (Entwickelung des deutschen Post- und Telegraphenwesen...)

Footnote 384: "Jahrengeklagt" changed to "Jahren geklagt" (Das sind Erscheinungen, über die seit Jahren geklagt wird)

Footnote 384: "Blätte" changed to "Blätter" (Wenn Sie beide Blätter nun auf ihren Inhalt prüfen,...)

Footnote 387: "worden" changed to "werden" (es soll ein anderer Tarif aufgestellt werden).

Footnote 390: "vorgeben" changed to "vorgehen" (gleichfalls mit einer Ermässigung des Abonnementspreises hat vorgehen müssen).

Footnote 398: "erachten" changed to "erachtet" (derjenigen Zeitung oder Zeitschrift erachtet werden können)

Footnote 435: "charakter ihre Ein Künfte" changed to "Charakter ihrer Einkünfte" (Die Post und der Charakter ihrer Einkünfte)

Footnote 459: "seine" changed to "seiner" (seiner Billigkeit)

Footnote 459: "Weberi" changed to "Weberei" (Bezug von Rohstoffen für Spinnerei, Weberei, u.s.w.)

Footnote 460: "kostspeiliger" changed to "kostspieliger" (und ist zu dem Zwecke oft zur Einstellung kostspieliger Transportmittel (Eisenbahnbeiwagen) genötigt.)

Page 223: the anchor position for Footnote 472 did not appear in the original text, but is inferred from context.

Page 225 "Schriften" changed to "Schriften-" (under the name of Schriften- und Aktentaxe)

Footnote 521: "zu gelassen" changed to "zugelassen" (Als Geschäftspapiere sind zugelassen...)

Footnote 521: "personlichen" changed to "persönlichen" (die Eigenschaft einer eigentlichen und persönlichen Korrespondenz)

Footnote 521: "Dienst" changed to "Dienst-" (Lohn-, Dienst- oder Arbeitsbücher)

Page 406: changed "releived" to "relieved" (they were relieved by your Lordships)

Footnote 564: "ein" changed to "im" (Als Nachbarorte im Sinne des Gesetzes...)

Footnote 707: "Post" changed to "Post-" (dem Taxis wäre nur das Post-, nicht das Botenwesen zu Lehen gegeben;)

Footnote 718: "Taxis'sche" changed to "Taxis'schen" (Trotz der Ausdehnung der Taxis'schen Posten)