INDEX

Abdomen, injuries to, 407 General prognosis in, 470

Abdominal wounds: Explosive, 414 Non-perforating, 409 Perforating, 411

Abscess of the brain, 287

Acetabulum, fracture of, 193

Acetylene light, 30

Ambulance: Foreign, 30 Trolly (McCormack-Brook), 18 Wagons, 19

Amputations: Effect of transport on, 110 for fracture, 177

Aneurisms: Effect of rest on, 127 Gangrene after, 152 Traumatic, 122 False, 123 True, 126 Treatment of, 127

Aneurismal varix: Arm and forearm, 147 Effect on circulation, 134 Carotid, 146 Femoral, 147 Mode of development, 130 Popliteal, 147 Prognosis in, 144 Signs of, 131 Treatment of, 144

Anosmia, 348

Antrum, wounds of, 306

Aphasia: Amnesic, 276 Ataxic, 273 Functional, 351

Arterial hæmatoma, 123 Prognosis in, 126 Treatment of, 126

Arteries: Compression by cicatrices, 113 Contusion of, 112 Division of, 114 Perforation of, 114

Arterio-venous aneurism: Arm and forearm, 150 Cervical, 149 Femoral, 150 Leg, 150 Popliteal, 151 Treatment of, 148

Biliary fistula, 467

Bladder: Wounds of, 443, 457 Extra-peritoneal, 458 Intra-peritoneal, 457 Retained bullet in, 110, 460

Bones. See Fractures

Bowlby, Mr.: Retained bullets in joints, 229, 230 Wound of pharynx, 311

Brain: Abscess of, 287 Cerebral irritation, 269 Compression of, 267 Concussion of, 266 Effect of ricochet on, 249 Explosive injury of, 247, 248 Frontal injuries, 247, 249, 266 Fronto-parietal injuries, 273 Occipital injuries, 276 Parietal injuries, 273 Prognosis in cerebral injuries, 289 Treatment, 289

Bread, 7

Buck wagon, 21

Bullets: Characters directly affecting wounds: Aseptic nature, 70 Calibre, 41 Composition of, 51 Deformities of, 81 Fragmentation, 88 Length, 41 Mantles of, 52, 82, 83 Penetration, 49 Revolution, 45 Ricochet, 82 Shape, 42 Stability, 51 Striking force, 50 Velocity of flight, 42 Weight, 42 Effect of resistance of bones on, 86, 87, 88, 93 Retention of, 71, 79 Indications for removal of, 110 in bladder, 110, 460 in chest, 381, 401 in nasal fossa, 244 in or near joints, 229, 230 in skull, 244, 249, 260, 266, 284, 298 in spinal canal, 337 Reversal of, 81 Varieties of: Determination of, 105 Expanding, 91 Explosive, 95 Guedes, 48, 51 Krag-Jörgensen, 48, 51 Jeffreys, 94 Large leaden, 95 Lee-Metford, 52, 89 Mark IV., 94 Mauser, 52, 83 Soft-nosed, 93 Tampered, 95 Tweedie, 94 Waxed, 52

Cauda equina, injury to, 325, 330

Cellulitis, 34

Cervical nerve roots, injury to, 107 Plexus, 357

Cheatle, Mr. G. L.: Entry and exit wounds, 72 First field dressing, 107 Wound of heart, 383 " " intestine, 413

Cheek, wounds of, 309

Chest, injuries to, 374 Character of wounds, 377 Influence of small calibre of bullet on, 374 Martini wounds, 374, 388 Non-penetrating wounds, 375 Penetrating wounds, 376

Cheyne, Mr. W. W., F.R.S.: Abdominal wounds, 449 Spent bullets, 243, 449

Civil surgeons, 38

Climate, 8, 36, 71

Comparison of South African with other campaigns, 14

Compression of brain, 267 Spinal cord, 319

Concussion of brain, 266 Eye, 300 Joints, 226 Nerves, 341, 343 Spinal cord, 315

Contour wounds, 65

Contusion: Nerves, 343 Spinal cord, 316

Costal cartilages, fractures of, 379

Cox, Dep. Insp.-Gen.: Case of varix, 148

Day, Mr. J. J.: Fractures of the skull, 251

Deadliness of modern weapons, 16

Diaphragm, wounds of, 381

Displacement of structures by the bullet, 68 Abdomen, 411 Nerves, 342 Vessels, 382, 384 Viscera, 310, 382, 411

Drink, 8

Dust, 8, 35 Bacteriology of, 36

Empyema, 394, 396

Enteric fever, 9

Epilepsy, traumatic, 291

Equipment of foreign ambulances, 31 Surgical, 4

Erysipelas, 34

Expanding bullets, 91

Explosive bullets, 95

Explosive wounds: of abdomen, 414 of fractures, 155 of head, 245 of leg, 221 of soft parts, 97 of thigh, 197

Eye, injuries to, 299

Facial paralysis: Cortical, 273-277 Peripheral, 355

First field dressings, 107

Flies, 36

Flockemann, Dr.: Hæmothorax, 393 Injury to abdomen, 420

Fractures: Course of healing of, 172 Explosive wounds in, 155 into joints, 163, 228 Limb bones, 154 Local shock in, 172 Long bones, types of, 161 Longitudinal, 163 Notch, 165 Oblique, 165 Perforating, 166 Stellate, 161 Transverse, 166 Wedge, 165 Osteomyelitis in, 174 Pom-pom fractures, 483 Prognosis, general, in, 174 Special features of, 155 Special bones: Acetabulum, 193 Carpus, 183 Clavicle, 178 Femur, 193 Fibula, 219 Humerus, 178 Jaws, 306 Malar, 305 Mastoid process, 299 Metacarpus, 185 Metatarsus, 224 Orbital walls, 300 Patella, 215 Pelvis, 189 Radius, 183 Ribs, 377 Scapula, 177, 379 Skull: Base, 262 Glancing, 254 Gutter, 255 Perforating, deep, 245 Superficial, 259 Treatment of, 293 Spine, 314 Sternum, 379 Tarsus, 223 Tibia, 217 Short and flat bones, 168 Suppuration of soft parts in, 173 Symptoms of, 171 Treatment of: General, 175 Femur, 205 Leg, 221 Upper Extremity, 135 Variation in character during the campaign, 154

Fractures in Franco-German war (Sir W. MacCormac), 167

Fragmentation of bullets, 88

Fuses of shells, wounds by, 481

Gangrene: Acute traumatic, 34 After ligature of main vessels, 152

Genital organs, wounds of, 472

Guedes rifle, 65

Gutter wounds: of bladder, 458 of bones, 231 of intestine, 417 of joints, 231 of liver, 466 of pelvis, 189 of scalp, 242 of skull, 255 of soft parts, 157

Hæmarthrosis, 232

Hæmorrhage, 104, 114 Control by bullets, 116 by loop of nerve, 116 Deaths from, 116 Fever dependent upon, 118 Internal, 116 Interstitial, 118 Primary, 114 Recurrent, 117 Secondary, 117 Treatment of, 120

Hæmorrhoids, 10

Hæmothorax, 386, 389 Behaviour of blood in, 390 Course of, 390, 394 Diagnosis of, 398 Effect of transport on, 389 Empyema after, 394 Pleuritic effusion in, 390 Prognosis in, 399 Recurrent bleeding in, 393 Parietal, 389, 398 Pulmonary, 386, 389 Symptoms of, 391 Temperature in, 391, 393 Treatment of, 400

Head, injuries to, 241

Health of the troops, 7

Heart, wounds of, 382 in neighbourhood of, 384

Hemianopsia, 276 Altitudinal, 277 Lateral, 276

Hospitals: Field, 29, 37 Foreign, 30 General, 31, 38 Improvised, 28, 39 Indian Field, 29 Stationary, 27, 31, 33, 37 Varieties of, 28

Hospital ships, 24 Tents, 32 Trains, 23

Hydronephrosis, 464

Impact, irregular, 80, 82

Instruments, 4

Intestine, injuries to: Diagnosis of, 428 Difficulties of operation, 453 Indications for operation, 454 Lateral contusion, 416 Prognosis, 446 Treatment, 452 Wounds of, 415 Extra-peritoneal, 419 Large intestine, 436, 444 Results of, 421 Small intestine, 427

Irregular wounds, 97

Itinerary, 2

Jam, 7

Jaws, fractures of: Lower, 306 Upper, 306 Treatment of, 308

Jenner, L. L., bacteriology of dust, 36

Joints, injuries to, 225 Arterial wounds in, 121, 233 Classification of, 229 Course after, 232 Fractures into, 228 Signs and symptoms, 232 Suppuration of, 233 Treatment, general, 235

Joints, retained bullets in or near, 229, 230

Joints, special: Ankle, 239 Elbow, 236 Hand, 237 Hip, 238 Knee, 238 Shoulders, 236 Tarsus, 240

Ker, J. E., cases of aneurism, 152

Kidney, wounds of, 461

Krag-Jörgensen rifle, 65

Laminectomy, 335, 340

Larynx, wounds of, 312

Leaden bullets, 95

Lee-Metford rifle, 53, 64

Lewtas, Col. I. M. S., cases of aneurism, 144

Lightning stroke, 10

Liver, wounds of, 466

Local shock, 103 in fractures, 172

Lower jaw, fractures of, 306

Lungs, wounds of, 385 Diagnosis, 398 Effect of velocity on, 385 Prognosis, 399 Retained bullets in, 401 Symptoms of, 386 Treatment of, 400

Lyddite shells, 475

MacCormac, Sir W.: Aneurism, 150 Fractures, 167

Malar bone, fractures, 305

Mandible, fractures, 306

Mantles, stability of, 51, 83

Martini-Henry rifle, 48 Wounds by, 96

Mastoid process, 299

Mauser rifle, 64

Meat, 7

Mediastinal wounds, 382, 384

Mesentery, wounds of, 420

Mills-Roberts, Mr. H. R.: Spinal hæmorrhage, 321

'Modders, the,' 9

Mortality, general, 11 amongst officers, 14 in battles of Kimberley Relief Force, 12

Nasal fossæ, bullet in, 244

Neck, wounds of, 309

Nerves, injuries to, 341 Concussion, 341, 343, 346 Contusion, 343, 347 Displacement of, 342 Laceration, 344, 348 Perforation, 345 Prognosis in, 370 Scar, implication of, 345, 350 Section, 344 Symptoms of, 346 Treatment of, 371 Velocity in relation to, 341

Nerves, special: Cranial: Fifth, 353 Fourth, 353 Eighth, 353, 354 Eleventh, 356 Olfactory, 352 Optic, 352 Seventh, 354, 372 Sixth, 353 Tenth, 356 Third, 353 Twelfth, 357 Spinal: Brachial, 357 Cervical, 347, 357 Lumbar, 359 Sacral, 359 Sacro-coccygeal, 360 Thoracic, 358

Neuritis: Ascending, 350 Peripheral, 355 Traumatic, 349

Neurosis, traumatic 351

Nose, wounds of, 305, 348

Nurses, 38

Officers, mortality among, 14

Olecranon, fracture of, 183, 237

Omentum, wounds of, 420 Prolapse of, 420

Operations: Difficulties of, 35 in field, 296 in Field hospitals, 109

Orbit, wounds of, 299 Prognosis and treatment of, 304

Osteomyelitis in fractures, 174

Outfit, surgical, 3

Pain in wounds, 103

Paraplegia, functional, 337

Penetration of bullets, 49

Penis, wounds of, 472

Peritoneal infection, 412

Pharynx, wounds of, 311

Pleural septicæmia, 437

Pleurisy, 390, 398

Pneumonia, 9, 398

Pneumo-thorax, 388

Pom-pom shells, 478

Portland Hospital, 34

Psychical disturbance, 101

Rain, 9, 36

Range of fire: Difficulty of judging influence on mortality, 17

Rectum, wounds of, 443, 444

Removal of wounded from the field, 18

Respiration in spinal injuries, 329

Retained bullets. See Bullets

Reversed bullets, 81

Revolution of bullet, 45, 46

Ribs, fractures of, 377 Signs of, 379

Ricochet, 82 Effect on wound type, 249 Lee-Metford, 89 Mauser, 84 Within body, Abdomen, 415 Skull, 249

Rifles: Bore, 41 Guedes, 47, 54 Krag-Jörgensen, 47, 54 Lee-Metford, 47, 64 Martini-Henry, 47, 97 Mauser, 47, 64 Modern principles of, 40 Trajectory, 44 Varieties employed, 47, 48

Scalp wounds, 242, 264

Scapula, fractures of, 177, 379

Scrotum, wounds of, 472

Septic disease, 34

Septicæmia: General, 34 in enteric fever, 9 Peritoneal, 421 Pleural, 437

Shells, 474 Varieties of, 475 Vickers-Maxim, 478 Lyddite, 476 Shrapnel, 483

Shell wounds: of abdomen, 480, 485 Proportionate occurrence of, 11

Shell fuse wounds, 481

Ships, hospital, 24

Shock: General, 101 Local, 103 Treatment of, 110

Shrapnel, 483

Simla, 25

Skull. See Fractures Fractures independent of gross brain lesion, 242 with brain lesion, 248

Spinal column: Injuries to, 314 Fractures of centra, 317 Spinous processes, 315 Transverse processes, 314

Spinal cord, injuries to, 315 Compression by bullets, 319 Concussion, 319 Contusion, 320 Diagnosis, 335 Hæmato-myelia, 322 Section of, 323 Shock accompanying, 328 Signs of, 323 Transport of, 339 Treatment of, 339

Spinal hæmorrhage: Epidural, 321 Hæmato-myelia, 322 Peri-pial, 321

Spleen, wounds of, 469

Splints: Aluminium, 177 Field cane, 209, 221 Hodgen's, 211 Wire gauze, 187

Sternum, fractures of, 379

Stevenson, Col. W. F.: Local shock, 106 Explosive wounds, 159

Stokes, Sir W.: Treatment of aneurism, 151

Stomach, wounds of, 424

Stonham, Mr. C.: Wound of vermiform appendix, 437

Sunstroke, 10

Suppuration of wounds, 78 in fracture, 173

Synovitis, vibration, 226

Temperature of air, 8, 36 in blood effusions, 118, 391, 393

Tents, 32

Testicle, wounds of, 472

Tetanus, 34

Thirst, 8

Thomson, Sir W.: Pom-pom wounds, 479 Wound of nose, 305

Thoracic vessels, wounds of, 384

Tonga, the, 19

Tongue, wounds of, 309

Trachea, wounds of, 312

Traction engines, 23

Trains, hospital, 23

Trajectory, 44

Transport: after battles, 26 of wounded men from field, 18 of wounded of the Kimberley Relief Force, 25 of chest injuries, 386 of fractures, 176 of spinal injuries, 339

Traumatic aneurism. See Aneurism

Traumatic epilepsy, 291

Traumatic gangrene, 34

Traumatic neurosis, 107, 351

Treves, Mr. F.: on cessation of intestinal peristalsis, 423

Trolly (McCormack-Brook), 19

Upper jaws, 306

Urethra, wounds of, 472

Urinary Bladder. See Bladder

Varix. See Aneurismal varix

Vegetables, 7

Veldt sores, 10

Velocity of bullet: Circumstances influencing, 43 Initial, 42, 49 Remaining of various rifles, 49

Velocity, influence of: on fractures of long bones, 163 on fractures of short and flat bones, 168 on wounds of abdomen, 414 of chest, 385 of joints, 226, 230 of lungs, 385 of nerves, 341 of skull, 251 of spine, 319

Vermiform appendix, wounds of, 437

Vibration synovitis, 226

Vickers-Maxim shell, 478

Vomiting in spinal injuries, 329

Wagons: Ambulance, 20 Buck, 22 Ox, 20

Warfare, deadliness of, 40

Water in South Africa: Character of, 8, 36 Transport of, 5

Waxed bullets, 52

Wobble, 80, 81, 251

Wounded men, removal from the field, 18

Wounds, general: Aperture of entry, 55, 72 Aperture of exit, 58, 74 Climate, influence on, 71 Clinical, course of, 69 Contour tracks, 65 Direct nature of tracks, 63 Directions of tracks, 66 Displacement of structures, 68 Explosive exit wounds, 97 Foreign bodies in, 71 First field dressing, 107 Hæmorrhage, 104 Irregular types of, 80, 97 Mode of healing, 72 Multiple character, 67 Nature of tracts, 68 Pain, 103 Prognosis, 106 Psychical disturbance, 101 Shock, 101 Small bore, 67 Superficial tracts, 65 Suppuration, 69, 78 Symptoms, 100 Tracks, nature of, 68 Treatment, 107