Part 2 — Table of Contents
Reading edition
PREFACE. V
CONTENTS. VII
GENERAL INTRODUCTION. XV
I. DESCRIPTIVE. 1
I. DEFINITION AND DISTINCTION FROM KINDRED PHENOMENA. 3
1. Ordinary meaning of the term “slavery”. 3
2. Use of the term “slavery” in theoretical literature. 6
3. Definition for scientific use. 7
4. Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. I. Wives in an abject condition. 9
5. Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. II. Children subjected to the head of the family. 26
6. Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. III. Members of a society in their relation to the head of the community. 30
7. Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. 33
8. Distinction of slavery from kindred phenomena. 34
9. Pawns or debtor-slaves. 39
II. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SLAVERY. 41
1. Introduction. 41
2. North America. 47
1. Eskimos. 47
2. Nootka group. 49
3. Tinneh group. 50
4. Algonquin group. 52
5. Iroquois group. 55
6. Choctaw-Muskoghe group and neighbouring tribes. 56
7. Dacotah group. 58
8. Oregon group. 59
9. Californians. 61
10. New Mexicans. 63
3. Central and South America. 70
4. Australia. 83
5. Melanesia. 85
6. Polynesia. 97
7. Micronesia. 102
8. Malay Archipelago. 110
I. Malay Peninsula. 110
II. Sumatra and neighbouring islands. 110
III. Borneo. 112
IV. Celebes. 113
V. Little Sunda Islands and Moluccas. 114
VI. Philippines. 115
VII. Madagascar. 117
9. Indo-Chinese Peninsula. 123
10. India, Afghanistan, Himalaya. 124
11. Central Asia. 127
12. Siberia. 132
13. Caucasus. 136
14. Arabia. 138
15. Africa. A. Bantu tribes. 138
1. Caffres. 138
2. South-West Bantus. 144
3. East-African Bantus. 147
4. Tribes on the Congo and in Lower Guinea. 149
5. Natives of the Wahuma states. 152
16. Africa. B. Soudan Negroes. 155
1. Coast of Guinea. 155
2. Haussa states. 157
3. Central Soudan. 157
4. Upper Nile. 157
5. Appendix. African Islands. 159
17. Africa. C. Light-coloured South Africans and African pigmy-tribes. 161
18. Africa. D. Hamitic peoples. 163
19. Recapitulation. 165
II. THEORETICAL. 167
I. METHOD AND DIVISIONS. 169
1. Method. 169
2. Distinction of economic groups. 174
3. Hunting and fishing, pastoral, and agricultural tribes in the several geographical districts. 179
II. HUNTERS AND FISHERS. 190
1. Why slaves are not of much use to hunters. 190
2. The slave-keeping tribes of the Pacific Coast of North America. 201
3. Experimentum crucis: Australia. 227
4. Experimentum crucis: Central North America. 236
5. Experimentum crucis: Eskimos. 246
6. Conclusion. 255
III. PASTORAL TRIBES. 262
1. Capital and labour among pastoral tribes. 262
2. Slavery among pastoral tribes. 281
IV. AGRICULTURAL TRIBES. 292
1. Numbers of positive and negative cases in the three agricultural groups. 292
2. Development of agriculture and development of slavery. 293
3. Capital and labour among agricultural tribes. 297
4. Land and population. 302
5. Land tenure in Polynesia. 314
6. Land tenure in Micronesia. 321
7. Land tenure in Melanesia. 324
8. Landlords, tenants and labourers in Oceania. 328
9. Transition from serfdom to freedom in Western Europe. 346
10. The rural classes of medieval England. 362
11. The rural classes of medieval Germany. 373
12. Open and closed resources. 383
13. Condition of women. 388
14. Commerce. 393
15. Slaves employed in warfare. 398
16. Slaves kept as a luxury. 403
17. Other secondary internal causes. 406
18. External causes, especially the slave-trade. Recapitulation. 407
V. CONCLUSION. 417
1. General survey. 417
2. Outlines of a further investigation of the early history of slavery. 427
I. The different ways in which people become slaves. 428
II. The different ways in which people cease to be slaves. 430
III. Treatment of slaves by their masters. 431
IV. Legal status of slaves. 432
V. The attitude of public opinion towards slaves. 433
VI. Different kinds of slaves. 433
VII. Slave labour. 433
VIII. Serfdom. 434
IX. Number of slaves. 434
X. Happiness or unhappiness of slaves. 434
XI. Consequences of slavery. 435
XII. Development of slavery. 437
LIST OF AUTHORITIES. 441
SUBJECT-INDEX. 467