Part 2 — INDEX. (continued 2)

List of his poems, 693, 694.

Murdered persons, blood of, supposed to flow on the touch or approach of the murderer, i. 372, 373.

Murray (David), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 694, and note.

Music of the Morris-dance and May-games, i. 164, 165.

Description of the music of the fairies, ii. 342, and note.

Shakspeare passionately fond of music, 390.

"Myrrour of Knighthood," a popular romance, alluded to by Shakspeare, i. 570.

Mythology of the ancients, a favourite study in the time of Elizabeth and James I., i. 419.

Critical account of the fairy mythology of Shakspeare, ii. 302-337.

N

Name of Shakspeare, orthography of, ascertained, i. 17-20.

Nash (Thomas), "Quarternio" of, cited, i. 260-262.

His quarrel with Harvey, 458.

His books, why scarce, ibid.

Character of him, 459. 486.

Nashe's "Choosing of Valentines" cited, i. 251.

Natural History, works on, translated in the time of Shakspeare, i. 485.

Needlework, admirable, of the ladies, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 146. and note, 153.

Newcastle, Easter amusements at, i. 149.

Newspapers, origin of, i. 506.

Newton (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 694.

Newton's "History of the Saracens," notice of, i. 476.

New-Year's Day, ceremonies observed on, i. 123.

Presents usually made then, 124.

Account of those made to Queen Elizabeth, 125, 126.

Nicholson (Samuel), a minor poet in the time of Shakspeare, i. 694.

Niccols (Richard), critical notice of the poetical works of, i. 637, 638.

Additions to the "Mirrour for Magistrates," 709, 710.

Nightmare, poetical description of, i. 348, note.

Supposed influence of St. Withold, against it, 347-349.

Nixon (Anthony), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 694.

Noises, sudden and fearful, supposed to be forerunners of death, i. 361.

Norden (John), notice of the topographical works of, i. 480, 481.

And of his poetical productions, 694.

Novels (Italian), account of, translated in Shakspeare's time, i. 538-544.

List of those most esteemed in the 15th and 16th centuries, 544, note.

Nutcrack Night, i. 341.

O

Oberon, the fairy king of Shakspeare, derivation of his name, ii. 337, note.

Analysis of his character, 337-340.

Ockland's ΕΙΡΗΝΑΡΧΙΑ sive Elizabetha, a school-book in Shakspeare's time, account of, i. 26.

Omens, prevalence of, in Shakspeare's time, i. 349-351.

Warnings of danger or death, 349-354.

Dreams, 354.

Demoniacal voices, 355.

Corpse-candles, and tomb-fires, 358.

Fiery and meteorous exhalations, 360.

Sudden noises, 361, 362.

Ophelia, remarks on the affecting madness of, i. 589-591.

And also on Hamlet's passion for her, ii. 394-396.

Ordinaries, account of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 134, 135.

Oriental romances, account of, i. 531-538.

Allusions to them by Shakspeare, 568, 569.

Orthography of Shakspeare's name, i. 17-20.

Instances of want of uniformity in, 19. note.

Othello, probable date of, ii. 527, 528.

General remarks on this drama, 529.

Vindication of it from the extraordinary criticism of Mr. Steevens, 529, 530.

On the execution of the character of Othello, 530.

Iago, 531.

And Desdemona, ibid.

Passages of this tragedy illustrated in the present work.

Act i. scene 3., i. 385. ii. 155.

Act ii. scene 3., i. 583. ii. 128.

Act iii. scene 3., i. 270.

scene 4., ii. 527.

Act iv. scene 1., i. 389.

Act v. scene 2., i. 384.

Overbury (Sir Thomas), the first writer of "Characters," i. 509.

Character of his productions, ibid.

Especially his poem on the choice of a wife, 510.

Imitation of it, ibid.

Notice of editions of it, 694, and note [694:D].

Mrs. Turner executed for his murder, ii. 96.

Owls, superstitious notions concerning, i. 393, 394.

P

Pageants, splendid, in the age of Shakspeare, account of, ii. 187-190.

Allusions to them by the poet, 191-193.

Paint, used by the ladies in Shakspeare's time, ii. 95.

Palaces of Queen Elizabeth, account of the furniture of, ii. 111, 112.

"Palmerin d'Oliva," romance of, translated by Munday, i. 548.

Alluded to by Shakspeare, 571.

"Palmerin of England," a popular romance, critical notice of, i. 547.

Palmistry, allusions to by Shakspeare, i. 363.

Pancake Bell, account of, i. 143. note.

Pancakes, the invariable accompaniment of Shrove-Tuesday, i. 141, 142.

"Paradyse of Daynty Devises," account of the different editions of, i. 711, 712.

And of the different contributors to this collection of poems, 713-715.

Paris, fashions of, imported into England, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 94.

Park (Mr.), remarks of, on the style of our elder poetry, i. 719, 720.

Parish Tops, notice of, i. 312.

Parker (Archbishop), a collector of curious books, i. 433.

Parkes (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 695.

Parnassus—"The Great Assizes holden in Parnassus," &c. cited, i. 19. note.

Parrot (Henry), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 695.

Partridge (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 695.

Pasche Eggs, given at Easter, i. 148.

Pasquinade of Shakspeare, on Sir Thomas Lucy, i. 405, 406.

Passing Bell, supposed benefit of tolling, i. 232, 233, 234.

Passions, exquisite delineations of, in Shakspeare's dramas, ii. 546-549.

"Passionate Pilgrim," a collection of Shakspeare's minor pieces, when first printed, ii. 41.

Probable date of its composition, 42.

An edition of this work published by Jaggard, without the poet's knowledge or consent, 43-45.

Shakspeare vindicated from the charge of imposing on the public, in this edition, 45-48.

Critical remarks on the Passionate Pilgrim, 49.

Pastoral romances, account of, i. 548-552.

Paul's (St.) Day, supposed influence of, on the weather, i. 323. and note.

Paul's Walk, a fashionable lounge in St. Paul's Cathedral, during the age of Shakspeare, ii. 182-185.

Pavin or Pavan, a fashionable dance in the time of Shakspeare, account of, ii. 173, 174.

Payne (Christopher), "Christmas Carrolles" of, i. 695.

Paynter's (William), "Pallace of Pleasure," a popular collection of romances, i. 541.

Probable cause of its being discontinued, ibid. 542.

Constantly referred to by Shakspeare, 542.

Peacham (Henry), a minor poet in the time of Shakspeare, i. 695.

Peacham's description of country-schoolmasters, i. 97, 98.

Instruction on the best mode of keeping books, and on the best scite for a library, 436, 437.

And on the choice of style, 447, 448.

Peacock Pies, anciently eaten at Christmas, i. 200.

Pearson (Alison), executed for supposed intercourse with fairies, ii. 318, 319.

Peasantry, or Boors, character of, in the age of Elizabeth, i. 120-122.

Peele (George), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 695, 696.

Character of his dramatic productions, ii. 239, 240.

Peend (Thomas de la), a minor poet in the age of Shakspeare, i. 696.

Peg Tankard, origin of, i. 131. note.

Explanation of terms borrowed from it, ibid.

Percy (Bishop), notice of his "Friar of Orders Grey," i. 579, 580.

Ascribes Pericles to Shakspeare, ii. 265.

Percy (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 696.

Perdita, remarks on the character of, in the Winter's Tale, ii. 499, 500.

Peri, or benevolent fairies of the Persians, notice of, ii. 302.

Periapts, a sort of spell, supposed influence of, i. 364.

Pericles, the first of Shakspeare's plays, ii. 262.

Proofs, that the greater part, if not the whole of it, was his composition, 262, 263. 265, 266.

Its omission in the first edition of his works, accounted for, 264.

Its inequalities considered, 265-267.

In what parts his genius may be traced, 268.

Examination of the minor characters, 270, 271.

Of the personage of Pericles, 272, 273.

Admirable scene of his recognition of Marina, 274.

And of his wife Thaisa, 275.

Character of Marina, examined, 276-279.

Strict justice of the moral, 279.

This play imitated by Milton, ibid. note.

Dryden's testimony to the genuineness and priority of Pericles, 281.

Internal evidences to the same effect, 282.

This play probably written in the year 1590, 282, 283.

Objections to its priority considered and refuted, 285, 286.

Probability of Mr. Steevens's conjecture that the hero of this drama was originally named Pyrocles, after the hero of Sidney's Arcadia, 283, 284.

Passages of this drama illustrated in the present work.

Act i. scene 2., ii. 272.

Act ii. scene 1., ii. 273.

scene 5., ii. 268, 269. notes.

Act iii. scene 2., ii. 270, 271.

scene 4., ii. 276.

Act iv. scene 1., ii. 276, 277.

scene 3., ii. 278. note.

scene 6., ii. 278.

Act v. scene 1., ii. 273, 274. 279.

scene 3., ii. 275.

Periwigs, when introduced into England, ii. 93.

Petowe (Henry), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 696.

Pett (Peter), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 696.

Pewter, a costly article in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 118.

Phillip (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 696.

Phiston (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

"Phœnix Nest," a collection of poems, in the time of Elizabeth, critical notice of, i. 718-720.

Pictures, an article of furniture in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 119.

Pilgrimages made to wells, i. 393.

Pilpay, notice of the fables of, i. 533, 534.

Pipe and Tabor, the ancient accompaniment of the Morris-dance and May-games, i. 164, 165.

Plautus, the Menæchmi of, the basis of Shakspeare's Comedy of Errors, ii. 286-288.

Pits (John), the biographer, character of, i. 482.

Plague, ravages of, at Stratford, i. 24.

Plantain roots, why dug up on Midsummer Eve, i. 333.

Plat (Hugh), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

Players (strolling), state of, in the sixteenth century, i. 248-250.

Difference between them and licensed performers, 250.

Exhibited at country fairs, 251.

Companies of players, when first licensed, ii. 202.

Placed under the direction of the Master of the Revels, 203.

Patronized by the court, and also by private individuals, 205, 206.

The amount of their remuneration, 204.

Days and hours of their performance, 215.

Concluded their performances always with prayers, 222, 223.

How remunerated, 223, 224.

Play-bills, notice of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 214, 215.

Plays, number of, performed in one day, ii. 217.

Amusements of the audience, prior to their commencement, 217-219.

Disapprobation of them, how testified, 221, 222.

Authors of, how rewarded, 224, 225.

List of anonymous plays extant previously to the time of Shakspeare, 252, 253.

Chronological list of his genuine plays, 261, 262.

Observations on each, 263-534.

(And see their respective titles in this Index.)

Humorous remark of Mr. Steevens on the value and high price of the first edition of Shakspeare's plays, 535. note.

Remarks on the spurious plays attributed to him, 536, 537.

Plough Monday, festival of, i. 136.

Sports and customs usual at that season, 137.

"Poetical Rapsodie," a collection of poems of the age of Shakspeare, account of, i. 728-730.

Poets, list of, who were rewarded by English sovereigns, i. 514, 515.

Table of English poets, classed according to the subjects of their muses, 734.

Poetry (English), notice of treatises on, during the age of Shakspeare, i. 461-470.

Allusions to or quotations from the poetry of the minstrels, with remarks, 574-593.

State of poetry (with the exception of the drama) during the time of Shakspeare, 594, et seq.

Influence of superstition, literature, and romance on poetical genius, 595, 596.

Versification, economy, and sentiment of the Elizabethan poetry, 597-599.

Defects in the larger poems of this period, 599-601.

Biographical and critical notices of the more eminent poets, 601-674.

Table of miscellaneous minor poets, exhibiting their respective degrees of excellence, mediocrity, or worthlessness, 676-707.

Critical notices of the collections of poetry, and poetical miscellanies, published during this period, 708-731.

Brief view of dramatic poetry from the birth of Shakspeare to the year 1590, ii. 227-255.

Police of London, neglected in the time of Elizabeth, ii. 165.

Regulations for it, 166.

"Polimanteia," or the means to judge of the fall of a commonwealth, bibliographical notice of, ii. 39. note [39:B].

Porta (Luigi da), the "Giuletta" of, the source of Romeo and Juliet, ii. 360-362.

Portuguese romances, account of, i. 545-548.

Possessed, charm for, i. 364.

Possets, prevalence of, in Shakspeare's time, i. 82.

Powder (sympathetic), marvellous effects ascribed to, i. 375, 376.

Powell (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

Prayer Book of Queen Elizabeth, i. 432.

Pregnant women, supposed influence of fairies on, ii. 324.

Presents, anciently made on New-Year's Day, i. 124.

Account of those made to Queen Elizabeth, 125, 126.

Preston (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

Character of his dramatic pieces, ii. 236, 237.

Prices of admission to the theatre, ii. 216, 217.

Pricket (Robert), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

Primero, a fashionable game of cards in Shakspeare's time, how played, ii. 169.

Printing, observations on the style of, in Queen Elizabeth's reign, i. 437, 438.

Proctor (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 697.

Notice of his "Gorgeous Gallery of Gallant Inventions," 715-717.

Prologues, how delivered in the time of Shakspeare, ii. 219.

Prose writers of the age of Shakspeare, observations on, i. 439-447.

Causes of their defects, 448.

Prospero, analysis of the character of, ii. 505. 515.

Provisions, annual stock of, anciently laid in at fairs, i. 215.

Prudentius, passage of, supposed to have been imitated by Shakspeare, ii. 415.

Puck, or Robin Goodfellow, analysis of the character of, ii. 347.

Probable source of it, 348-350.

Description of his functions, 349, 350.

Resemblance between Puck and the Cobali or benevolent elves of the Germans, 350.

And to the Brownie of the Scotch, 351.

Other functions of Puck, 352, 353.

Puppet-shows, origin of, i. 253.

Purchas's "Pilgrimage," critical notice of, i. 477.

Purgatory, Popish doctrine of, ii. 415, 416.

Seized and employed by Shakspeare with admirable success, 416, 417. 455, 456.

Puritans opposition to May-games, ridiculed by Shakspeare, i. 171.

By Ben Jonson, 172, 173. note.

And Beaumont and Fletcher, 172.

Puttenham (George), remarks of, on the corruptions of the English language, i. 441.

Critical notice of his "Arte of English Poesie," 465, 466.

And of his smaller poems, 697. and note.

Q

Quarrelling reduced to a system in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 159.

Quiney (Mr. Thomas), married to Shakspeare's daughter Judith, ii. 609.

Their issue, 610.

Quintaine, a rural sport in the sixteenth century, i. 300.

Its origin, 301.

Description of, 301-304.

"Quippes for upstart newfangled Gentlewomen," cited and illustrated, ii. 95, 98.

R

Race-horses, breeds of, highly esteemed, i. 298.

Raleigh (Sir Walter), improved the English language, i. 416, 417.

Character of his "History of the World," 476.

His "Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd," cited by Shakspeare, 578.

Notice of his poetical pieces, 639.

Remarks on them, ibid. 640.

Estimate of his poetical character, 640-642.

Ramsey (Laurence), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Rankins (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Rape of Lucrece, a poem of Shakspeare's, when first printed, ii. 32.

Dedicated to the Earl of Southampton, 3.

Construction of its versification, 33.

Probable sources whence Shakspeare derived his fable, ibid.

Exquisite specimens of this poem, for their versification, descriptive, pathetic, and sublime excellences, 34-38.

Complimentary notices of this poem by contemporaries of the poet, 38-40.

Notice of its principal editions, 41.

Rapiers, extraordinary length of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 108, 109.

Ravenscroft (Thomas), hunting song preserved by, i. 277.

Reynolds (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Reed (Mr.), his Illustrations of Shakspeare cited, passim.

Register (parochial), of Stratford-upon-Avon, extracts from, i. 4.

Births, marriages, and deaths of Shakspeare's children recorded there, 414, 415. note.

Remuneration of actors and dramatic poets in the time of Shakspeare, ii. 223-225.

Repartees of Shakspeare and Tarleton the comedian, i. 66.

Ascribed to Shakspeare and Ben Jonson, ii. 593. note.

Rice (Richard), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Richard I. (King), why surnamed Cœur de Lion, i. 566, 567.

Richard II., probable date of, ii. 375, 376.

Analysis of his character, 377, 378.

Remarks on the secondary characters of this play, 378.

Performed before the Earl of Southampton in 1601, ii. 10, 11.

Illustration of act ii. scene 4. of this drama, i. 384.

Richard of Gloucester, exquisite portrait of, in Shakspeare's Henry VI. Part II., ii. 297.

Richard III., date of, ii. 370-372.

Analysis of Richard's character, 373-375.

Illustrations of passages of this drama in the present work.

Act iii. scene 2., ii. 377.

scene 3., ii. 377.

Act v. scene 2., ii. 378.

scene 3., i. 358.

Rickets, singular cures of, i. 371, 372.

Rider (Bishop), an eminent philologer, notice of, i. 455.

Riding, art of, highly cultivated in the sixteenth century, i. 298.

Instructions for, 299, 300.

Rings, fairy, allusions to, by Shakspeare, ii. 342, 343.

Robin Hood and his associates, when introduced in the gambols of May Day, i. 159.

Account of them and their dresses, &c., 160-164.

Robin, why a favourite bird, i. 394, 395.

Robinson (Clement), critical notice of his "Handefull of Pleasant Delites," i. 717, 718.

Robinson's (Richard), "Auncient Order, &c. of the Round Table," account of, i. 562, 563., ii. 178-180.

Notice of his poems, i. 698. and note [698:B].

Rock Day festival, account of, i. 135.

Verses on, ibid., 136.

Rolland (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Roman literature, progress of, during the reign of Elizabeth, i. 454, 455.

List of Roman classic authors translated into English in Shakspeare's time, 483.

Romances, list of popular ones in the age of Shakspeare, i. 519-522.

Origin of the metrical romance, 522, 523.

Anglo-Norman romances, 523-531.

Oriental romances, 531-538.

Italian romances, 538-544.

Spanish and Portuguese romances, 545-548.

Pastoral romances, 548-552.

Influence of romance on the poetry of the Elizabethan age, 596.

Observations on the romantic drama, ii. 539-541.

Romeo and Juliet, probable date of, ii. 356-358.

Source whence Shakspeare derived his plot, considered, 359-361.

Analysis of the characters of this drama, 362, 363.

Eulogium on it by Schlegel, 363, 364.

Passages of this drama illustrated in the present work.

Act i. scene 3., i. 52. 436. ii. 356.

scene 4., i. 368. ii. 118. 342. 347. 358.

scene 5., ii. 116.

Act ii. scene 1., i. 583.

scene 2., i. 271.

scene 4., i. 304. 583. note. ii. 116.

Act iii. scene 1., i. 556.

scene 2., i. 272.

Act iv. scene 3., i. 374.

scene 5., i. 240. 243. 583. note. ii. 170.

Act v. scene 1., i. 355.

scene 2., ii. 581.

scene 3., ii. 107.

Roodsmass, procession of fairies at the festival of, ii. 322.

Rosemary strewed before the bride at marriages, i. 224.

Rosse (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 698.

Rous (Francis), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 699.

Rousillon (Countess), exquisite character of, ii. 423.

Rowe (Mr.), mistake of, concerning the priority of Shakspeare's birth, corrected, i. 4, 5.

His conjecture concerning the trade of Shakspeare's father, 7.

Disproved, ibid., note.

Rowena and Vortigern, anecdote of, i. 127, 128.

Rowland (Samuel), list of the poems of, i. 699, 700. and note [700:A].

Rowley (William), wrote several pieces in conjunction with Massinger and other dramatists, ii. 570.

Estimate of his merits as a dramatic poet, ibid.

Ruddock, or red-breast, popular superstitions in favour of, i. 395.

Ruffs worn in the age of Elizabeth, account of, ii. 90. 95-97. 103.

Ruptures, singular remedies for, i. 371, 372.

Rushes, anciently strewed on floors, ii. 119, 120.

S

Sabie (Francis), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700. and note [700:B].

Sack, a species of wine much used in the time of Shakspeare, ii. 130.

Different kinds of, 131.

The sack of Falstaff, what, ibid. 132.

Sack and sugar much used, 132.

And frequently adulterated, ibid.

Sackville (Thomas), Lord Buckhurst, character of the poetical works of, i. 642, 643.

The model adopted by Spenser, 643.

The "Myrrour for Magistrates," planned by him, 708.

Character of his dramatic performances, ii. 230, 231.

Saker (Aug.), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700.

Sampson (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700.

Sandabar, an oriental philosopher, i. 531.

Account of his "Book of the Seven Counsellors," ibid.

Numerous versions of it, ibid., 532.

English version exceedingly popular, 531.

Scottish version, 532, 533.

Sandford (James), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700.

Satires of Bishop Hall, remarks on, i. 628, 629.

Savile (Sir Henry), greatly promoted Greek literature, i. 453.

Notice of his works, ibid., 454.

Scandinavian mythology of fairies, account of, ii. 308-312.

Schlegel (M.), eulogium of, on Shakspeare's Romeo and Juliet, ii. 363, 364.

On his Cymbeline, 466, 467.

Macbeth, 471-473.

On the romantic drama of Shakspeare, 539, 540.

And on his moral character, 614.

School-books, list of, in use in Shakspeare's time, i. 25. note.

Account of those most probably used by him, 26-28.

French and Italian grammars and dictionaries, 57.

Schoolmasters but little rewarded in Shakspeare's time, i. 27. note [27:A]. 94.

In the sixteenth century were frequently conjurors, 95, 96.

Picture of, by Shakspeare, 96.

Their degraded character and ignorance in his time, 97.

Scoloker (Anthony), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700.

Scot (Reginald), account of the doctrine of angelic hierarchy and ministry, i. 337, 338.

On the prevalence of omens, 349, 350.

Recipe for fixing an ass's head on human shoulders, ii. 351. note.

His account of the supposed prevalency of witchcraft in the time of Shakspeare, 475.

And of the persons who were supposed to be witches, 478-480.

And of their wonderful feats, 481, 482.

Scot (Gregory), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700.

Scott (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 700. and note [700:D]. 701. and note [701:A].

Scott (Mr. Walter), beautiful picture of Christmas festivities, i. 207, 208.

Picture of rustic superstition, 322, 323.

Illustrations of his Lady of the Lake, i. 356-358.

Causes of his poetical excellence, 600, 601.

Scottish farmers, state of, in the sixteenth century, i. 118.

Late wakes of the Highlanders described, 234-236.

Thanksgivings offered by them on getting in the harvest, 341.

Account of the Scottish system of fairy mythology, ii. 314-336.

Sculpture highly valued by Shakspeare, ii. 617, 618.

Seed-cake, a rural feast-day in the time of Elizabeth, i. 190.

Selden (John), notice of his Commentary on Drayton, i. 471.

Sentiment of the Elizabethan poetry considered, i. 598, 599.

Servants, pursuits, diet, &c. of, in the time of Shakspeare, i. 113-115.

Benefices bestowed on them in the reign of Elizabeth, 92.

Their dress, ii. 138.

Regulations for, 139, 140.

Prohibited from entering the kitchen till summoned by the cook, 143.

Were corrected by their mistresses, 153.

"Seven Champions of Christendome," a popular romance in Shakspeare's time, account of, i. 529, 530.

"Seven Wise Masters," a popular romance of Indian origin, i. 531.

Notice of its different translations, ibid., 532.

Translated into Scottish rhyme, 533.

Sewell (Dr.), conjecture of, respecting Shakspeare's sonnets, ii. 59.

Shakspeare Family, account of, i. 1.

Supposed grant of arms to, ibid.

Examination of the orthography of their name, 17-20.

Shakspeare (Edmund), a brother of the poet, buried in St. Saviour's Church, i. 416. ii. 598.

Shakspeare (Mrs.), wife of the poet, epitaph on, ii. 631. note.

His bequests to her, 631.

Remarks on it, 613.

Shakspeare (John), father of the poet, supposed grant of property and arms to, i. 1.

Account of, 2.

Arms confirmed to him, ibid.

His marriage, 3.

List of children ascribed to him in the baptismal register of Stratford-upon-Avon, 4.

Correction of Mr. Rowe's mistakes on this point, 5.

Declines in his circumstances and is dismissed from the corporation, 6, 7.

Supposed to have been a wool-stapler, 7. 34.

But not a butcher, 36.

Discovery of his confession of faith or will, 8.

Copy of his will, 9-14.

Its authenticity doubted by Mr. Malone, 15.

Supported by Mr. Chalmers, ibid.

Circumstances in favour of its authenticity, 16.

John Shakspeare probably a Roman Catholic, ibid.

His death, ibid. ii. 590.

Shakspeare (William), birth of, i. 1.

Description of the house where he was born, 21, 22.

His chair purchased by the Princess Czartoryska, 22, 23.

Escapes the plague, 24.

Educated for a short time at the free-school of Stratford, 25.

Account of school-books probably used by him, 26, 27.

Taken from school, in consequence of his father's poverty, 28.

Probable extent of his acquirements as a scholar, 29-33.

On leaving school, followed his father's trade as a wool-stapler, and probably also as a butcher, 34.

Proofs of this, 35, 36.

Probably present, in his twelfth-year, at Kenelworth Castle, at the time of Queen Elizabeth's visit there, 37, 38.

Probably employed in some attorney's office, 43-47. and notes, 48.

Whether he ever was a school-master, 45.

Anecdote of him at Bidford, 48, 49.

Whether and when he acquired his knowledge of French and Italian, 53, 54.

Probable that he was acquainted with French, 55, 56.

And Italian, 56, 57.

Probable estimate of his real literary acquirements, 57, 58.

His courting-chair, still in existence, 61.

Marries Anne Hathaway, 59. 62, 63.

Birth of his eldest daughter, 64.

And of twins, 65.

Repartee of Shakspeare, ibid. 66.

He becomes acquainted with dissipated young men, 401.

Caught in the act of deer-stealing, 402.

Confined in Daisy Park, 403.

Pasquinades Sir Thomas Lucy, 404-406. 409.

By whom he is prosecuted, 407, 408.

Is obliged to quit Stratford, 410.

And departs for London, 411, 412.

Visits his family occasionally, 414.

Was known to Heminge, Burbadge, and Greene, 417.

Introduced to the stage, 419.

Though with reluctance, ii. 582.

Was not employed as a waiter or horse-keeper at the play-house door, i. 519.

Esteemed as an actor, 421, 422.

Proofs of his skill in the histrionic art, 423.

Performed the character of Adam in his own play of As You Like It, 424.

Appeared also in kingly parts, 425.

Excelled in second rate characters, ibid.

Struggles of Shakspeare with adversity, ii. 583.

Loses his only son, 584.

Purchases a house in Stratford, ibid.

History of its fate, 584, note.

His acquaintance with Ben Jonson, 585-587.

Improbability of his ever having visited Scotland, 587, 588.

Annually visited Stratford, 589.

Receives many marks of favour from Queen Elizabeth, 590.

Obtains a licence for his theatre, 591.

Purchases lands in Stratford, 591.

And quits the stage as an actor, 591.

Forms a club of wits with Ben Jonson and others, 592.

Flatters James I. who honoured him with a letter of acknowledgement, 593.

The story of Shakspeare's quarrel with Ben Jonson, disproved, 595-598. and notes.

Birth of his grand-daughter Elizabeth, 599.

Planted the celebrated Mulberry Tree in 1609, 599, 600.

Purchases a tenement in Blackfriars, 601.

And prepares to retire from London, 601, 602.

Account of Shakspeare in retirement, ii. 603.

Origin of his satirical epitaph on Mr. Combe, ii. 604-606.

His epitaph on Sir Thomas Stanley, 606, 607.

And on Elias James, 607, note.

Negociations between Shakspeare and some of his townsmen relative to the inclosure of some land in the vicinity of Stratford, 608, 609.

Marries his youngest daughter to Mr. Thomas Quincey, 609.

Makes his will, 610.

His death, 611.

Funeral, 612.

Copy of his will, 627-632.

Observations on it, 612-614.

And on the disposition and moral character of Shakspeare, 614.

Universally beloved, 615.

His exquisite taste for all the forms of beauty, 616, 617.

Remarks on the monument erected to his memory, 618-620.

And on the engraving of him prefixed to the folio edition of his plays, 622-624.

Account of Shakspeare's commencement of poetry, i. 426.

Probable date of his Venus and Adonis, 426, 427.

Proofs of his acquaintance with the grammatical and rhetorical writers of his age, 472-474.

With the historical writers then extant, 484.

With Batman's "Bartholome de Proprietatibus Rerum," 485.

With the Facetiæ published in his time, 516, 517.

And with all the eminent romances then in print, 562-573.

And with the minstrel-poetry of his age, 574-593.

Dedicates his Venus and Adonis, and Rape of Lucrece, to the Earl of Southampton, ii. 3.

Analysis of this poem, with remarks, 21-32.

Analysis of the Rape of Lucrece, 33-37.

Intimate knowledge of the human heart displayed by Shakspeare, 38.

Account of his "Passionate Pilgrim," 41-49.

Elegant allusions of Shakspeare to his own age, in his Sonnets, 50-52.

Critical account of his Sonnets, 53-82. 84-86.

And of his Lover's Complaint, 82-84.

Licence to Shakspeare for the Globe Theatre, 207.

Probable amount of his income, 225.

And of his obligations to his dramatic predecessors, 253-255.

The commencement of Shakspeare's dramatic career, considered and ascertained, ii. 256-260.

Chronological Table of the order of his genuine plays, 261.

Observations on them. 262-534.

(And see their respective Titles in this Index.)

Remarks on the spurious pieces attributed to Shakspeare, 536, 537.

Whether he assisted other poets in their dramatic composition, 537, 538.

Considerations on the genius of Shakspeare's drama, 538-541.

On its conduct, 541-544.

Characters, 545.

Passions, 546-549.

Comic painting, 550.

And imaginative powers, 551.

Morality, 552.

Vindication of his character from the calumnies of Voltaire, 552-554.

Popularity of Shakspeare's dramas in Germany, 554.

Reprinted in America, 555.

Shakspeare (Judith), youngest daughter of the poet, birth of, i. 65.

Her marriage, ii. 609.

And issue, 610.

His bequests to her, and her children, 627-629.

Shakspeare (Susannah), eldest child of the poet, birth of, i. 64.

Marriage of, to Dr. Hall, ii. 598, 599.

Her father's bequests to her, 630, 631.

Why her father's favourite, 613.

Probable cause of his leaving her the larger portion of his property, 614.

Sheep-shearing Feast, how celebrated, i. 181.

Description of, by Tusser, 182.

By Drayton, ibid.

Allusions to, by Shakspeare, 183-185.

Shepherd King, elected at sheep-shearing, i. 181. 184. note.

Shepherd (S.), commendatory verses of, on Shakspeare's Rape of Lucrece, ii. 40.

On his Pericles, 263.

Ship-tire, an article of head-dress, notice of, ii. 91.

Shirley's Play, the "Lady of Pleasure," illustrated, Act i., i. 179.

Shivering (sudden), superstitious notion concerning, i. 375.

Shoes, fashion of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 98. 105, 106.

Shot-proof waistcoat, charm for, i. 364.

Shottery, cottage of the Hathaways at, still in existence, i. 61.

Shovel-board, or Shuffle-board, account of, i. 306.

Mode of playing at, 306, 307.

Its origin and date, 307.

Shove-Groat, a game, notice of, i. 307, 308.

Shrewsbury (Countess of), termagant conduct of, ii. 153.

Shrove Tuesday or Shrove Tide, origin of the term, i. 141.

Observances on that festival, 142.

Threshing the hen, ibid.

Throwing at cocks, 144, 145.

Shylock, analysis of the character of, ii. 384, 385.

Sidney or Sydney (Sir Philip), biographical notice of, i. 652.

Satire of, on the affected style of some of his contemporaries, i. 444, 445.

Notice of his "Defence of Poesie," 467.

Critical account of his "Arcadia," 548-552.

Alluded to by Shakspeare, 573, 574.

Remarks on his poetical pieces, 652, 653.

Particularly on his Sonnets, ii. 54.

The Pyrocles of his Arcadia, probably the original name of Shakspeare's Pericles, 283.

Sign-posts, costly, of ancient inns, i. 217.

Silk-Manufactures, encouraged by James I., ii. 600.

Silk Stockings, first worn by Queen Elizabeth, ii. 98.

Similes, exquisite, in Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis, ii. 26.

Sir, title of, anciently given to clergymen, i. 88-90.

Sly, remarks on the character of, in the Taming of the Shrew, ii. 365.

Smith (Sir Thomas), greatly promoted Greek and English literature, i. 453.

Snuff-taking and Snuff-boxes, when introduced into England, ii. 137.

Sommers (Sir George), shipwreck of, ii. 503, 504.

Songs (early English), notice of a curious collection of, i. 574-576.

Quotations from, and allusions to the most popular of them, by Shakspeare, with illustrative remarks, 577-593.

Sonnet, introduced into England from Italy, ii. 53.

Brief notice of the sonnets of Wyat, ibid.

Elegant specimen from those of the Earl of Surrey, ibid.

Notice of the Sonnets of Watson, i. 66. ii. 54.

Of Sir Philip Sidney, ibid.

Of Daniel, 55.

Of Constable, ibid.

Of Spencer, ibid.

Of Drayton, 56.

And of other minor poets, ibid.

Beautiful sonnet, addressed to Lady Drake, i. 621.

An exquisite one from Shakspeare's Passionate Pilgrim, ii. 49.

On a kiss, by Sidney, 54.

Sonnets of Shakspeare, when first published, ii. 50.

Probable dates of their composition, ibid. 51.

Daniel's manner chiefly copied by Shakspeare, in the structure of his sonnets, 57, 58. 77.

Discussion of the question to whom they were addressed, 58-60.

Proofs that they were principally addressed to the Earl of Southampton, 62-73.

Vindication of Shakspeare's sonnets from the charge of affectation or pedantry, 75. 80.

Circumlocutory they are to a certain extent, 76.

But this less the fault of Shakspeare than of his subject, ibid. 77.

Specimens, illustrating the structure and versification of Shakspeare's sonnets, with remarks, 77-82.

Vindication of them from the hyper-criticism of Mr. Steevens, 60. 74. 84-86.

Soothern (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 701. and note [701:B].

Southampton, (Earl of), See Wriothesly.

Southey's (Mr.), translation of "Amadis of Gaul," notice of, i. 546.

Southwell (Robert), biographical notice of, i. 643, 644.

List of his poetical works, with critical remarks, 644, 645.

Spanish romances, account of, i. 545-548.

Allusions to them by Shakspeare, 570, 571.

Spectral Impressions, probable causes of, philosophically considered, ii. 406-408.

Singular instance of a supposed spectral impression, 407. note.

See Spirits.

Speed's "History of Great Britain," character of, i. 476.

Spells, account of, on Midsummer-Eve, i. 331-333.

On All-Hallows-Eve, 344-347.

Supposed influence of, 362-365.

Spenser's "English Poet," notice of, i. 463.

Critical notice of, commentary on his "Shepheards Calender," 471.

Many incidents of his "Faerie Queene" borrowed from the romance of "La Morte d'Arthur," 529.

And from "The Seven Champions of Christendom," ibid.

Sackville's "Induction" the model of his allegorical pictures, 643.

Critical remarks on his "Shepheard's Calendar," 644.

And on his "Faerie Queene," 644-647.

The portrait prefixed to his works, probably spurious, 649. note.

Critical notice of his, "Amoretti," a collection of sonnets, ii. 55, 56.

Beautiful quotation from his "Faerie Queene" on the agency of Spirits, 400, 401.

Admirable description of a witch's abode, 480.

Spirits, different orders of, introduced into the Tempest, ii. 521-526.

Critical analysis of the received doctrine in Shakspeare's time, respecting the supposed agency of angelic spirits, 399-405.

And of its application to the introduction of the ghost in Hamlet, 407-416.

Superiority of Shakspeare's spirits over those introduced by all other dramatists, ancient or modern, 417, 418.

Spoons, anciently given by godfathers to their godchildren, ii. 230, 231.

Sports (Rural), in the age of Shakspeare, Enumeration of, i. 246, 247.

Cotswold Games, 252-254.

Hawking, 255.

Hunting, 272.

Fowling, 287.

Bird-batting, 289.

Horse-racing, 297.

The Quintaine, 300.

Wild Goose Chace, 304.

Hurling, 305.

Shovel-board, 306.

Shove-groat, 307, 308.

Juvenile sports, 308.

Barley-Breake, 309.

Parish Whipping-top, 312.

Spurs, prohibited in St. Paul's Cathedral, during divine service, ii. 185.

"Squire of Low Degree," allusions to the romance of, i. 567.

Stag-hunting, description of, in the time of Shakspeare, i. 276-280.

Ceremony of cutting up, 280, 281.

Part of, given to the ravens, 281.

Beautiful picture of a hunted stag, 403.

Stage, state of, in the time of Shakspeare, ii. 201-206.

Resorted to by him, on his coming to London, i. 419.

Employed in what capacity there, ibid. 420.

Esteemed there as an actor, 421, 422.

Proofs of his skill in the management of the stage, 423.

Excelled in second-rate parts, 425.

Divisions of the stage, in Shakspeare's time, ii. 214-215.

Was generally strewed with rushes, 217.

Its decorations, 218.

Stalking-horses, account of, and of their uses, i. 287, 288.

Stanyhurst's (Richard), translation of Virgil, i. 701.

Strictures on, ibid. note [701:C].

Starch, use of, when introduced into England, ii. 96.

Dyed of various colours, ib.

Steevens (Mr.), his "Illustrations of Shakspeare," cited, passim.

Remarks of, on Shakspeare's Sonnets, ii. 60. 74-76. 84-86.

Ascribes Pericles to Shakspeare, 265.

Probability of his conjecture, that Pericles was originally named Pyrocles, after the hero of Sidney's "Arcadia," 283, 284.

His opinion that the Comedy of Errors was not wholly Shakspeare's, controverted and disproved, 287, 288.

Remarks on his flippant censure of Shakspeare's love of music, 390.

His opinion on the date of Timon of Athens, 446.

Humorous remarks of, on the value and price of the first edition of Shakspeare, 535. note.

Still (Bishop), character of, as a dramatic writer, ii. 232, 233.

Stirling (William Alexander, Earl of), biographical notice of, i. 649.

Critical notice of his "Aurora," a collection of sonnets, 650.

Of his "Dooms-day," 651.

And of his other poems, ib.

Stockings, fashions of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 105.

Silk stockings first worn by Queen Elizabeth, 98.

Stomacher, an article of female dress, notice of, ii. 90.

Stones, extraordinary virtues ascribed to, i. 366. 369, 370.

Particularly the Turquoise stone, 366, 367.

Belemnites, 367.

Bezoar, ibid.

Agate, 368.

Storer (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 702.

Stowe's "History of London," notice of, i. 480.

Stratford-upon-Avon, the native place of William Shakspeare, i. 1.

His father a member and officer of the corporation of, 2.

Dismissed from it, 6.

Probable causes of such dismission, ibid. 7.

Extract from the baptismal register of the parish, 4.

Description of the house there, where Shakspeare was born, 21, 22.

Ravages of the plague there, 24.

Visited by Mr. Betterton, for information concerning Shakspeare, 34.

Allusions to scenery, and places in its vicinity, 50, 51.

Quitted by Shakspeare, 410-416.

Whose family continued there, 412.

New Place, purchased there by Shakspeare, ii. 584.

History of its demolition, ib. note.

Additional land purchased there by the poet, 591.

And also tithes, 594.

Proceedings relative to the inclosure of land there, by Shakspeare, 608, 609.

Description of his monument and epitaph, in Stratford church, 618, 619.

Remarks on his monumental bust, 619-622.

Strolling Players, condition of, in the age of Shakspeare, i. 247-252.

Strutt (Mr.), accurate description by, of May-day and its amusements i. 167-171.

Of Midsummer-eve superstitions, 332.

Stubbes (Philip), account of his "Anatomie of Abuses," i. 501.

Extreme rarity of his book, ibid.

Quotations from, against Whitsun and other ales, i. 179.

On the neglect of "Fox's Book of Martyrs," 502.

General character of his book, ibid.

His "View of Vanitie," 702.

Philippic against masques, ii. 95.

And ruffs, 96, 97.

Sturbridge Fair, account of, i. 215, 216.

Summer's "Last Will and Testament," illustration of, i. 106.

Sun, beautiful description of, in its course, ii. 77.

Superstitions of the 16th century, remarks on, i. 314, 315.

Sprites and goblins, 316. 321, 322.

Ghosts and apparitions, 320.

Prognostications of the weather from particular days, 323.

Rites of lovers on St. Valentine's Day, 324.

On Midsummer-Eve, 329.

Michaelmas, 334.

All-Hallow-Eve, 341.

Superstitious cures for the night-mare, 347.

Omens and prodigies, 351.

Demoniacal voices and shrieks, 355.

Fiery and meteorous exhalations, 360.

Sudden noises, 361.

Charms and spells, 362.

Cures, preventatives and sympathies, 366.

Stroking for the king's evil, 370.

Sympathetic powders, 375.

Miscellaneous superstitions, 377-400.

Influence of superstition on the poetry of the Elizabethan age, 595, 596.

Account of the fairy superstitions of the East, ii. 302, 303.

Of the Gothic and Scandinavian fairy superstitions, 304-312.

And of the fairy superstition prevalent in Scotland, 314-336.

The fairy superstition of Shakspeare, of Scottish origin, 336, 337.

Account of the superstitious notions then current respecting witches and witchcraft, 474-489.

Suppers of country gentlemen, in Shakspeare's time, i. 81.

Suppertasse, a species of female dress, notice of, ii. 96.

Surrey (Earl of), quoted and illustrated, i. 380.

Character of his "Sonnets," with an exquisite specimen, ii. 53.

Svegder (King of Sweden), fabulous anecdotes of, ii. 305.

Swart-Elves, or malignant fairies of the Scandinavians, account of, ii. 309, 310.

Their supposed residence, 311, 312.

Swearing, prevalence of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 160.

"Sweet Swan of Avon," an appellation given to Shakspeare by his contemporaries, i. 415.

Swithin (St.), supposed influence of, on the weather, i. 328.

And on the night-mare, 349.

Sword-dance on Plough-Monday, notice of, i. 137.

Sydney. See Sidney (Sir Philip).

Sylvester (Joshua), furnished Milton with the prima stamina of his "Paradise Lost," i. 653.

Poetical works of, 653.

Specimen of them, with remarks, 654.

Sympathies, extraordinary, accounts of, i. 372-376.

T

Tables, a species of gambling in Shakspeare's time, notice of, ii. 171.

Tables, form of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 118.

Tales, relation of, a favourite amusement, i. 107.

Taming of the Shrew, probable date of, ii. 364.

Source of its fable, 364, 365.

Remarks on the character of Sly, 365.

And on the general character of the play, 366.

Passages of this drama illustrated in the present work.

The Induction, scene 1., i. 248, 249.

Act i. scene 1., i. 556.

scene 2., i. 50, 176.

scene 3., i. 581.

Act ii. scene 1., i. 69. ii. 117, 118.

scene 2., i. 225.

Act iv. scene 1., i. 271. 581. ii. 118. 138. 143.

Tansy Cakes, why given at Easter, i. 147.

Tapestry Hangings, allusions to, by Shakspeare, ii. 114, 115.

Tarlton (Richard), the comedian, repartee of, i. 66.

His influence over Queen Elizabeth, 702. note [702:D].

Notice of his poems, 702.

Plan of his "Seven Deadlie Sins," a composite drama, ii. 229.

Tarquin, beautiful soliloquy of, ii. 35.

Tasso's "Jerusalem Delivered," translated by Fairefax, notice of, i. 619.

Tatham's (J.), censure of Shakspeare's Pericles, ii. 263.

Taverner's (John), "Certain Experiments concerning Fish and Fruit," notice of, i. 291. and note.

Taverns, description of, in Shakspeare's time, i. 218.

List of the most eminent taverns, ii. 133.

Account of their accommodations, 134, 135.

Taylor (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 703.

Tempest, conjectures on the probable date of, ii. 500. 502. 504.

Sources whence Shakspeare drew his materials for this drama, 503.

Critical analysis of its characters: Prospero, 505. 515.

Miranda, 506.

Ariel, 506, 522, 525.

Caliban, 506. 523. 525.

Remarks on the notions prevalent in Shakspeare's time respecting magic, 507-514.

Application of magical machinery to the Tempest, 515-526.

Superior skill of Shakspeare in this adaptation, 527.

Passages of this drama illustrated in the present work.

Act i. scene 1., ii. 525.

scene 2., i. 358. 386. ii. 506. 516. 522, 523. 525.

Act ii. scene 1., i. 576.

scene 2., i. 383. ii. 155. 524.

Act iii. scene 1., ii. 517.

scene 2., ii. 517. 524.

scene 3., i. 252. 385. ii. 156.

scene 4., ii. 526.

Act iv. scene 1., i. 377, 378. 400. ii. 192, 193. 517. 524.

Act v. scene 1., ii. 341, 342. 344. 505. 516. 525, 526.

Theatre, the first, when erected, ii. 203.

List of the principal play-houses during the age of Shakspeare, 206.

Licence to him for the Globe Theatre, from James I., 207.

Account of it, 208.

And of the theatre in Blackfriars, 209.

Interior economy of the theatre in Shakspeare's time, 210.

Divisions of the stage, 211-214.

Hours and days of acting, 215, 216.

Prices of admission, 216.

Number of plays performed in one day, 217.

Amusements of the audience previously to the commencement of plays, 217-219.

Tragedies, how performed, 220.

Wardrobe of the theatres, ibid.

Female characters personated by men or boys, 221.

Plays, how censured, ibid. 222.

Thomson's "Winter," quoted, i. 321.

Threshing the Hen, custom of, explained, i. 142.

Tilting at the Ring, and in the water, description of, i. 555.

Allusions to this sport by Shakspeare, 556.

Time, effects of, exquisitely portrayed by Shakspeare, ii. 78.

Timon of Athens, probable date of, ii. 446, 447.

Analysis of his character, 448-452.

Passages of this drama illustrated in this work.

Act ii. scene 2., i. 285.

Act iii. scene 3., ii. 451.

Act v. scene 1., ii. 449.

Tire-valiant, an article of female head-dress, account of, ii. 94.

Titania, the fairy queen of Midsummer-Night's Dream, analysis of the character of, ii. 337-345.

"Titus Andronicus," illustration of, act 2., scene iv., i. 397.

This play evidently not Shakspeare's, ii. 536.

Tobacco, the taking of, when first introduced into England, ii. 135.

Philippic of James I. against it, ibid. 138.

Prejudices against it, 136, 137.

Tofte (Robert), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, list of the pieces of, i. 703.

Tolling the passing-bell, supposed benefit of, i. 232-234.

Tombfires, superstitious notions concerning, i. 360.

Tompson (Agnis), a supposed witch, confessions of, ii. 476. 485.

Topographers (English), account of, during the age of Shakspeare, i. 479-481.

Torments of hell, legendary accounts of, i. 378-381.

Tottel's "Poems of Uncertaine Auctors," i. 708.

Touch (royal), a supposed cure for the king's evil, i. 370, 371.

Tournaments in the reign of Elizabeth, account of, i. 553.

Allusions to by Shakspeare, 554.

Tragedy, how performed in the time of Shakspeare, ii. 220.

"Ferrex and Porrex," the first tragedy ever acted in England, 227.

"Tragique History of the Fair Valeria of London," cited and illustrated, i. 238.

Translations into English from Greek and Roman authors in the time of Shakspeare, list of, i. 483.

Travelling, passion for, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 156, 157.

Treego (William), a minor poet of the age of Elizabeth, i. 704.

Troilus and Cressida, probable date of, ii. 437, 438.

Source of its fable, 439, 440.

Analysis of its characters, 440, 441.

Its defects, 441.

Illustrations of this drama in the present work.

Act ii. scene 3., ii. 162.

Act iii. scene 2., ii. 117.

Act iv. scene 3., i. 582.

scene 4., i. 355.

Act v. scene 3., i. 355.

Trulli, or benevolent fairies of the Germans, notice of, ii. 312.

Trump, a fashionable game of cards in Shakspeare's time, i. 270.

Tuck (Friar), the chaplain of Robin Hood, account of, i. 162, 163.

Tumours, cured by stroking with a dead man's hand, i. 370.

Turberville (George), biographical sketch of, i. 655.

Notice of his "Booke of Faulconrie," i. 257. note.

His description of hunting in inclosures, 275, 276.

List of his poetical works, 655.

Critical estimate of his poetical character, 656.

Turner (Mrs.), executed for the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, ii. 96.

The inventress of yellow starch, ibid.

Turner (Richard), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 704.

Turquoise Stone, supposed virtues of, i. 366, 367.

Tusser (Thomas), biographical notice of, i. 656.

Critical remarks on his "Five Hundreth Good Points of Husbandry," 657.

His character as a poet, 657, 658.

Quotations from Tusser, illustrative of old English manners and customs, i. 100. 108. 110. 112-115. 136. 142. 182. 188. 190. 202. 215.

Twelfth-Day, festival of, i. 127.

Its supposed origin, ibid.

The twelfth-cake accompanied by wassail-bowls, ibid. 128-130.

Meals and amusements on this day, 132, 133.

Twelfth-Night observed with great ceremony in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I., i. 131, 132.

Verses on, by Herrick, 133, 134.

Twelfth-Night, the last of Shakspeare's dramas, probable date of, ii. 531-533.

Its general character, and conduct of the fable, 534.

Illustrations of this drama in the present work.

Act i. scene 4., i. 436.

scene 5., ii. 117.

Act ii. scene 3., i. 578.

scene 4., i. 574. ii. 534.

scene 5., ii. 533.

Act iii. scene 1., i. 270.

scene 4., i. 334. ii. 118. 532, 533.

Act iv. scene 3., i. 221.

Act v. scene 1., i. 221.

Two Gentlemen of Verona, date of, ii. 367.

Probable source of its fable, ibid. 368.

Remarks on the delineation of its characters, particularly that of Julia, 368, 369.

Illustrations of this drama in the present work.

Act i. scene 2., ii. 360.

Act ii. scene 1., i. 341. ii. 581.

scene 2., i. 220.

scene 6., i. 175.

scene 7., ii. 370.

Act iii. scene 1., ii. 97.

Act iv. scene 1., i. 163. ii. 369.

scene 4., ii. 93.

Twyne (John), the topographer, notice of, i. 480.

Twyne (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 704.

Tye (Christopher), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 704.

Typography, remarks on the style of, in Queen Elizabeth's reign, i. 437.

Beautiful specimens of decorative printing, 438.

Tyrwhitt (Mr.), conjecture of, respecting the date of Shakspeare's Romeo and Juliet, ii. 356, 357.

And of Twelfth-Night, 531, 532.

U

Underdonne (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 704.

Upstart country-squire or knight, character of, i. 81.

V

"Valentine and Orson," romance of, cited by Shakspeare, i. 572.

Notice of a curious edition of, 571, 572.

Its extensive popularity, 572.

Valentine's Day, origin of the superstitions concerning, i. 324.

Custom of choosing lovers ascribed to Madame Royale, 324, 325.

Supposed to be of pagan origin, 325.

Modes of ascertaining Valentines for the current year, 326.

The poor feasted on this day, 327.

Vallans (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Vaughan's (W.) "Golden Grove," a collection of essays, i. 513.

Character of, with specimens of his style, 514.

Vaux (Lord), specimen of the poems of, i. 713.

Vennard (Richard), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Venice one of the sources of English fashions in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 94.

Venus and Adonis, a poem of Shakspeare, probable date of, i. 426, 427.

Notice of the "Editio Princeps," ii. 20, 21.

Dedicated to the Earl of Southampton, 3.

Proofs of its melody and beauty of versification, 21-23.

Singular force and beauty of its descriptions, 24-26.

Similes, 26.

And astonishing powers of Shakspeare's mind, 27.

This poem inferior to its classical prototypes, ibid.

Complimentary verses on this poem, addressed to Shakspeare, 28-30.

Its meretricious tendency censured by contemporary writers, 31.

Popularity of this poem, 31. note [31:A].

Notice of its principal editions, 32.

Versification of the poetry of the Elizabethan age examined, i. 597.

Remarks on the versification of Sir John Beaumont, 601.

Of Browne, 603.

Of Chalkhill, 606.

Of Chapman, 608.

Of Daniel, 612.

Of Davies, 613.

Of Davors, 614.

Of Donne, 615.

Of Drayton, 616, 617.

Of Drummond, 618.

Of Fairefax, 619.

Of the two Fletchers, 620, 621.

Of Gascoigne, 626.

Of Bishop Hall, 628, 629.

Of Dr. Lodge, 632-635.

Of Marston, 637.

Of Spenser, 648.

Of the Earl of Stirling, 651.

Of Sylvester, 653.

Of Watson, 661.

Of Willobie, 665, 666.

Of Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis, ii. 21-23.

Of his Rape of Lucrece, 33-36.

Of Spenser's sonnets, 55.

Of Shakspeare's sonnets, 77-82.

Of Peele, 240. note.

Of the Two Gentlemen of Verona, 369.

Verstegan (Richard), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Vincent (St.), supposed influence of his day, i. 350.

Virtue loved and cherished by Shakspeare's fairies, ii. 339, 340.

Virtus post funera vivit, whimsical translation of, i. 238, 239.

Voltaire's calumnies on Shakspeare refuted, ii. 553, 554.

Volumnia, remarks on the character of, ii. 494, 495.

Vortigern and Rowena, anecdote of, i. 127, 128.

Vows, how made by knights in the age of chivalry, i. 552.

Voyages and Travels, collections of, published in the time of Shakspeare, i. 477-479.

W

Wager (Lewis), a dramatic poet, notice of, ii. 234.

Waists of great length, fashionable in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 97.

Wakes, origin of, i. 209.

Degenerate into licentiousness, 210.

Verses on, by Tusser, ibid.

And by Herrick, 211, 212.

Frequented by pedlars, 212.

Village-wakes still kept up in the North, 213.

Walton's "Complete Angler," errata in, i. 293. note.

Encomium on, 297. note.

Wapul (George), a dramatic writer in the time of Elizabeth, ii. 237.

Wardrobes (ancient), account of, ii. 91, 92.

Notice of theatrical wardrobes, in the time of Shakspeare, 220, 221.

Warner (William), biographical notice of, i. 658.

Critical remarks on his "Albion's England," 659, 660.

Quotations from that poem illustrative of old English manners and customs, i. 104, 105. 118, 119. 135. 143. note. 147. note.

Warnings (preternatural) of death or danger, i. 351-354.

Warren (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Warton (Dr.), observations of, on the "Gesta Romanorum," i. 536, 537.

On Fenton's collection of Italian novels, 542.

On the satires of Bishop Hall, 628, 629.

On the merits of Harington, 629.

On the satires of Marston, 637.

Washing of hands, why necessary before dinner in the age of Elizabeth, ii. 145.

Wassail, origin of the term, i. 127.

Synonymous with feasting, 129.

Wassail-bowl, ingredients in, i. 127.

Description of an ancient one, 128.

Allusions to, in Shakspeare, 129, 130.

And by Milton, 131.

The peg-tankard, a species of wassail-bowl, 131. note.

Watch-lights, an article of furniture in Shakspeare's time, ii. 117.

Water-closets, by whom invented, ii. 135. note.

Water-spirits, different classes of, ii. 522, 523.

Watson (Thomas), a poet of the Elizabethan age, critical notice of his works, particularly of his sonnets, i. 660-662., ii. 54.

Said by Mr. Steevens to be superior to Shakspeare as a writer of sonnets, i. 663.

List of his other poems, ibid.

Weather, prognostications of, from particular days, i. 323.

Webbe (William), account of his "Discourse of English Poetrie," i. 463, 464.

Its extreme rarity and high price, 463. note.

First and second Eclogues of Virgil, 705.

Webster (William), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Webster (John), estimate of the merits of, as a dramatic poet, ii. 564, 565.

Illustrations of his plays, viz.:

Vittoria Corombona, i. 233, 234. 237, 238. 396.

Dutchess of Malfy, i. 351.

Wedderburn, a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Weddings, how celebrated, i. 223-226.

Description of a rustic wedding, 227-229.

Weever (John), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 705.

Bibliographical notice of his "Epigrammes," ii. 371.

Verses of, on Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis, ii. 28.

Epigram of, on Shakspeare's poems and plays, 372.

Wells, superstitious notions concerning, i. 391-393.

Wenman (Thomas), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 706.

Wharton's "Dreame," a poem, i. 706.

Whetstone's (George), collection of tales, notice of, i. 543.

His "Rocke of Regard," and other poems, 706.

Account of the prevalence of gaming in his time, ii. 157, 158.

Notice of his dramatic productions, 238.

His "Promos and Cassandra," the immediate source of Shakspeare's Measure for Measure, 453.

Whipping-tops anciently kept for public use, i. 312.

Whitney (George), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 706.

Whitsuntide, festival of, how celebrated, i. 175-180.

Morris-dance, its accompaniment, ibid.

With Maid Marian, 179.

Whitsun plays, 181.

Wieland's "Oberon," character of, i. 564. note.

Wild-goose-chace, a kind of horse race, notice of, i. 304, 305.

Wilkinson (Edward), a minor poet of the age of Shakspeare, i. 706.

Will of John Shakspeare, account of the discovery of, i. 8, 9.

Copy of it, 9-14.

First published by Mr. Malone, ibid.

Its authenticity subsequently doubted by him, 15.

Confirmed by Mr. Chalmers, ibid.

Additional reasons for its authenticity, 16.

Its probable date, ibid.

Will of William Shakspeare, ii. 627-632.

Observations on it, 612-614.

Willet (Andrew), "Emblems" of, i. 706.

Willobie (Henry), a poet of the Elizabethan age, critical notice of, i. 663, 664.

Origin of his "Avisa," 665.

Character of that work, 665, 666.

Commendatory verses in, on Shakspeare's Rape of Lucrece, ii. 40.

Will-o'-wisp, superstitious notions concerning, i. 399, 400.

Willymat's (William) "Prince's Looking Glass," i. 706.

Wilmot (Robert), a dramatic poet in the reign of Elizabeth, character of, ii. 234, 235.

Wilson (Thomas), observations of, on the corruptions of the English language, in the time of James I., i. 440, 441.

Proofs that his "Rhetoricke" had been studied by Shakspeare, 472-474.

Wincot ale celebrated for its strength, i. 48.

Epigram on, 48, 49.

Allusions to this place in Shakspeare's plays, 50.

Wine, enormous consumption of, in the age of Shakspeare, ii. 129.

Foreign wines then drunk, 130-132.

Presents of, usually sent from one room in a tavern to another, 134.

Winter evening's conversations of the sixteenth century, superstitious subjects of, i. 316-322.

Winter's Tale, probable date of, ii. 495-497.

Its general character, 497-500.

And probable source, 498.

Passages of this drama illustrated in the present work.

Act i. scene 2., i. 223. ii. 171. 495.

Act ii. scene 1., i. 107. 316.

Act iv. scene 2., i. 35. 183. 582.

scene 3., i. 165. 181. 184. 212. 213. 582-584. ii. 499, 500.

Act v. scene 2., i. 584. ii. 499.

scene 3., ii. 99.

Wit-combats of Shakspeare and Jonson, and their associates, notice of, ii. 592, 593.

Witchcraft made felony by Henry VIII., ii. 474.

Supposed increase of witches in the time of Queen Elizabeth, ii. 474, 475.

General prevalence of this infatuation, 475.

Increased under the reign of James I., 476.

Cruel act of parliament against witches, 477.

Description of the wretched persons who were ordinarily supposed to be witches, 478-480.

Exquisite description of a witch's abode by Spenser, 480.

Enumeration of the feats witches were supposed to be capable of performing, 481-483.

Nature of their supposed compact with the devil, 483-485.

Application of this superstition by Shakspeare to dramatic purposes in his Macbeth, 487-489.

Wither (George), biographical notice of, i. 666.

Critical observations on his satires, 667.

And on his "Juvenilia," 668, 669.

List of his other pieces, with remarks, 669-671.

Verses of, on Hock-Day, i. 151. note.

Withold (St.), supposed influence of, against the nightmare, i. 347-349.

Wives, supposed appearance of future, on Midsummer-Eve, i. 332-334.

And on All-Hallow-Eve, 344-347.

Wives' Feast Day, Candlemas Day, why so called, i. 138.

Wolsey's (Cardinal) Rudimenta Grammatices, notice of, i. 26.

Women, employments and dress of the younger part of, in Shakspeare's time, i. 83, 84.

Characters of women, personated by men and boys, 221.

Wood (Nathaniel), a dramatic writer in the reign of Elizabeth, notice of, ii. 238.

Wool-trade, allusions to, i. 35.

Promoted by Queen Elizabeth, 192. note.

"World's Folly," a collection of old ballads, notice of, i. 474-476.

Wotton (Sir Henry), encomium of, on angling, i. 297.

Character of his poetical productions, 672, 673.

Wright (John), character of his "Passions of the Minde," a collection of essays, i. 511.

Wright (Leonard), character of his "Display of Dutie," i. 512, 513.

Wriothesly (Thomas), Earl of Southampton, biographical notice of, ii. 1, 2.

A passionate lover of the drama, 2.

Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis, and Rape of Lucrece, dedicated to him, 3.

His liberality to the poet, 4.

Joins the expedition to the Azores, 5.

In disgrace with Queen Elizabeth, 6.

Goes to Paris, and is introduced to King Henry IV., 7.

Marries Elizabeth Vernon without consulting the Queen, 7, 8.

Who imprisons them both, 8.

Goes to Ireland with the Earl of Essex, who promotes him, ibid.

Is recalled and disgraced, 8, 9.

Quarrels with Lord Gray, 9, 10.

Joins Essex in his conspiracy against the Queen, 10.

And is sentenced to imprisonment, ibid.

Released by James I., 11.

Who promotes him, 12, 13.

Birth of his son, 12.

Embarks in a colonising speculation, 13.

Patronises literature, 14.

Opposes the court, 15.

Dies in Holland, 16.

Review of his character, ibid.

Tributes to his memory by the poets and literary men of his time, 17-19.

Shakspeare's sonnets principally addressed to him, 62-73.

Wyat (Sir Thomas), character of his sonnets, ii. 53.

Wyrley (William), notice of the biographical poems of, i. 707.

Y

Yates (James), "Castle of Courtesie," i. 707.

Yeomen. See Farmers.

Yong (Bartholomew), notice of his "Version of Montemayer's Romance of Diana," i. 707. and note [707:C].

Yule-clog, or Christmas-block, i. 194.

Z

Zouche (Richard), notice of his "Dove," a geographical poem, i. 707.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Pages viii and xiii are blank in the original.

Text that is underlined is in blackletter in the original.

Ellipses match the original.

The index was printed at the end of Vol. II. It has been included with this volume for reference purposes.

The following corrections have been made to the text:

Page xi: St. Valentine's Day—Midsummer-Eve—Michaelmas[original has "Michaelas"]

Page 30: into the mouth of Sir Hugh Evans:"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 38: pleasure and mirth made it seem very short,'[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 39: and Sir Thomas[original has "Tnomas"] Tresham

Page 47: That these books were read by Shakspeare[original has "Shakespeare"]

Page 49: Haunted Hillbro',[original has "Hillbro,'"] Hungry

Page 56: which he has thus so wittily imitated."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 61: told me there was an["an" missing in original] old oak chair

Page 74: in his Dietarie[original has "Dictarie"] of Health

Page 82: but still an intimacy with heraldry[original has "heraldy"]

Page 106: coughing o'er a warmed pot of ale."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 106: whether it be newe or olde."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 113: that the huswife[original has "huswise"] herself was the carver

Page 119: Stood us in steede of glas."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 129: and on the other drincheile."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 130: And in their cups their cares are drown'd:"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 140: And let all sports with Christmas dye."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 144: day of extraordinary sport and feasting."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 157: locks pickt, yet[original has "ye"] w'are not a Maying

Page 189: But for to make it spring againe."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 255: Mr. Robert Dover's Olympic Games, upon Cotswold Hills,"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 276: Then comes the captaine Cooke"—[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 291: By J. D. Esquire. 8vo.[original has "8o."] Lond. 1613.

Page 356: and Tullock Gorms by Maug-Moulach[original has "Maug-Monlach"]

Page 367: "geven to the pacyent to drinke in warme wine."[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 384: the beginning[original has "begining"] of the seventeenth century

Page 396: Gower, in his Confessio[original has "Confesssio"] Amantis

Page 397: like a taper in some monument;"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 401: admonition, have successfully[original has "succesfully"] borne

Page 408: intellect far from contemptible[original has "contempible"]

Page 428: in their respective[original has "repective"] departments

Page 438: carried to a higher state of perfection.[original has a comma]

Page 444: works of Bishop Andrews afford the most[original has "mort"] flagrant

Page 445: O Tempori, O Moribus!"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 456: calls this, 'the first grammar for Englishe that ever waz, except my grammar at large.'"[original has double quotes instead of single quotes and missing double quote]

Page 459: [quotation mark missing in original]"Titiique vultus inter

Page 459: [quotation mark missing in original]"The mischiefe is, that by grave demeanour

Page 460: But[original has "Bu"] if besotted with foolish vain glory

Page 483: Diodorus Siculus, by Thomas Stocker[original has "Hocker"]

Page 501: Anatomie of Abuses:[original has extraneous quotation mark] contayning a discoverie

Page 522: Was physick'd from the new-found paradise!"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 523: chiefly to the consideration[original has "considertion"] of the prose romance

Page 525: Guy of Warwicke, Arthur of the Round Table,"[quotation mark missing in original] &c.

Page 531: appellation of Historia Septem Sapientum.[original has extraneous quotation mark]

Page 537: Gower, or Occleve,[original has two commas] as the English Gesta

Page 541: Decameron of Boccacio was executed[original has "excuted"] before 1620

Page 546: his life is granted him.'"[single quote is missing in original]

Page 558: fayrz and woorshipfull menz houzez;"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 570: immortales hechos de Cavallero del Febo,"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 580: Leave me not behinde thee,"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 589: "[quotation mark missing in original]He is dead and gone, lady

Page 590: "Good morrow, 'tis Saint Valentine's day,"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 591: Do use to chaunt it,"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 591: festivity of our ancestors by an evening fire;"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 599: be found incapable of[original has "of of"] coalescing

Page 607: acquaintant and friend of Edmund Spenser;[original has extraneous quotation mark]

Page 609: years ago, is entitled to preservation[original has "preservarion"]

Page 626: in smoothness and harmony of versification{626:C},"[quotation mark missing in original]

Page 627: Arcadia, or Menaphon[original has "Menaphor"], 1589

Page 630: classed him among those "[quotation mark is missing in original]excellent poets

Page 631: "Epistles" and "[quotation mark missing in original]Miscellaneous Pieces," there

Page 632: in Cambridge, the author of Pigmalion's Image,"[quotation mark missing in original] &c.

Page 664: voluntary engagement, civil or military[original has "miltary"]

Page 665: his Preface from his chamber in Oxford;[original has extraneous quotation mark]

Page 665: "[quotation mark missing in original]That is, in effect, A loving wife that never violated

Page 666: makes a close approximation to modern usage[original has "usuage"]

Page 666: and verse, have been[original has "beeen"] enumerated

Page 668: first two quatorzains[original has "quartuorzains"] of the latter

Page 685: Lucan's Pharsalia:[original has a period] containing the Civill Warres

Page 689: Hunnis, William. A Hyve full of Hunnye[original has "Hunuye"]

Page 708: by Tottel "The Poems of Uncertaine[original has "Uucertaine"] Auctors," and

Page 727: Henry[original has "Heny"] Constable, Esq.

Page 729: London. 12mo."[original has a single quote]

[9:A] Reed's Shakspeare[original has "Shakespeare"], vol. iii. p. 197, 198.

[16:C] Reed's Shakspeare, vol. iii. p.[original has "p. iii."] 198.

[22:A] Down David doth him bring."[quotation mark missing in original]

[25:A] pro tyrunculis, Ricardo Huloeto exscriptore[original has "Huloets excriptore"]

[46:B]

Quotation mark moved from end of first line to end of second line.

[68:A] Holinshed's Chronicles, edit. of 1807, in six vols.[original has "vol."]

[86:B] large casemented bow windows[original has "widows"]

[86:B] "Alas! these men and these houses are no more!"[quotation mark missing in original]

[144:C] varia contexta per Guil. Haukinuum[original has "Haukiuum"]

[151:B] Sure, very ill."[quotation mark missing in original]

[163:C] Fordun's Scotichronicon, 1759, folio, tom.[period missing in original] ii. p. 104.

[171:C] Act iii. sc. 1. Reed's Shakspeare[original has "Shakespeare"]

[172:B] The Metamorphosed[original has "Metamophosed"] Gipsies

[206:B] proverb, 'Merry in the hall when beards wag all.'"[double quote missing in original]

[269:A] These technical[original has "techical"] terms may admit of some explanation, from the following

[286:B] whom his Majestie honoured with Knighthood."[quotation mark missing in original]

[291:A] made by L. M. 4to.[original has "4o."] Lond. 1590

[291:A] Secrets belonging thereunto. 4to.[original has "4o."] Lond. 1614

[307:B] Reed's Shakspeare[original has "Shakespeare"], vol. v. p. 22.

[354:C] Third Part of King Henry["Henry" is missing in original] VI. act v. sc. 6.

[363:A] Discoverie[original has "Dicoverie"] of Witchcraft

[458:A] he terms it, is entitled[original has "entiled"]

[506:A] translated from the Latin of Conr. Heresbachius[original has "Conr Heresbachiso"]

[506:A] 16.[original has a comma] Country Contentments; or the Husbandman's Recreations, 4to. 1615.

[536:B] [original has extraneous quotation mark]MSS. Harl. 3861, and in many other libraries.

[584:A] Reed's Shakspeare, vol. ix. pp. 353-355. Act iv. sc. 3.[period missing in original]

On page 519, the text reads "Adam Bel, Clim of the Clough and William of Clondsley". It should be "William of Cloudsley". Because there is no way to know if the error was in the original quotation or was caused by the author or printer of this book, the correction has not been made to this text.

On page 527, quoted text reads "That whane they were hoole togyder, there was ever an C. and XI." The original source, Dibdin's "Typographical Antiquities," has "c. and xl." This text has been corrected to follow the original source document.

On page 571, quoted text reads "before he took his journey wherein no creature returneth agaie." The text should read "again" or "againe". Because there is no way to know if the error was in the original quotation or was caused by the author or printer of this book, no correction has been made to this text.

On page 663, quoted text reads "Ad Olandum de Eulogiis serenissimæ nostræ Elizabethæ post Anglorum prœlia cantatis, Decastichon". The text should read "Oclandum". Because there is no way to know if the error was in the original quotation or was caused by the author or printer of this book, no correction has been made to this text.

[494:D] has an incomplete reference. In other editions of this book, the "p." has been removed.

[547:A] has an incomplete reference. In other editions of this book, the footnote has been removed.