INDEX.

Name,----Page

Abutilon, 145

Acalypha, 143

Ac-cum´bent, leaning or lying upon, applied to cotyledons when the caulicle (radicle) is folded against their contiguous edges, shown as [Symbol: 0== rotated 90 deg. clockwise].

A-chene´, achenium, a small, dry, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit, likely to be mistaken for a seed.

Achillea, 160

Acnida, 126

A-cu´min-ate, ending in a prolonged tapering point.

Agrimonia, 138

Agrimony, tall hairy, 138

Agrostemma, 128

Agropyron, 110

Aizoaceae, 128

Alfalfa, 140

Allium, 119

Alfilaria, 142

Alsike clover, 141

Alsine, 131

Alyssum, 132

Alyssum, hoary, 133

Amaranth, 126, 127

Amaranth family, 126

Amaranthaceae, 126

Amaranthus, 127

Ambrosia, 160, 161

American jute, 145

Anacardiaceae, 145

A-nat´ro-pous, a name applied to an ovule or seed which grows so that the funiculus coheres to the whole length forming a raphe along the edge bringing the hilum near the micropyle while the chalaza is at the other extremity.

Annual fleabane, 165

Anthemis, 161

Apetalous pepper-grass, 135

A´pex, the tip or growing point of an organ.

Arctium, 162

Arenaria, 129

Artemisia, 162

Artichoke, 167

Asclepiadaceae, 149

Asclepias, 149

Atriplex, 124

Avena, 110

Awn, a bristle-shaped appendage.

Ax seed, 139

Ax wort, 139

Ball mustard, 137

Barbarea, 133

Barbed, furnished with rigid points or short bristles, usually reflexed like the barb of a fish-hook.

Barnyard grass, 114

Beaked nightshade, 156

Beaver poison, 148

Beggar-ticks, 163

Bermuda grass, 113

Berteroa, 133

Bidens, 162, 163

Biennial wormwood, 162

Bindweed, 150

Bird's-foot trefoil, 139

Bitter buttercup, 131

Bitter dock, 122

Black-eyed susan, 169

Black medick, 139

Black mustard, 134

Black nightshade, 156

Black swallow-wort, 149

Bladder campion, 130

Bladder Ketmia, 146

Bloom-fell, 139

Bluefield madder, 159

Blue grass, 116

Blue grass, Canadian, 116

Blue grass, Kentucky, 116

Blue Vervain, 153

Borage family, 152

Boraginaceae, 152

Bouncing Bet, 129

Broad-leaved Dock, 122

Broad-leaved plantain, 159

Brome grass, 112

Bromus, 111

Buckwheat family, 119

Buckwheat, wild, 120

Bulbous buttercup, 132

Bull thistle, 164

Burdock, 162

Bur-grass, 112

Bur-marigold, 162

Bur-seed, 152

Bursa, 134

Buttercup, bitter, creeping, or tall, 131

Butter and eggs, 156

Camelina, 134

Canada thistle, 164

Canadian blue grass, 116

Capriola, 113

Capsella, 134

Carduus, 164, 165

Carpet-weed, 128

Car´un-cle, an excrescence or protuberance near the hilum of a seed.

Caryophyllaceae, 128

Cashew family, 145

Catch-fly, 129, 130

Catmint, 154

Catnip, 154

Celandine, 132

c. m. centimeter, see ruled lines on last page, 183

Cenchrus, 112

Centaurea, 163

Centimeter, see ruled lines on last page, 183

Cerastium, 129

Chaetochloa, 117

Charlock, 133

Cheat, 112

Cheeses, 146

Chelidonium, 132

Chenopodiaceae, 124

Chenopodium, 124, 125, 126

Chess, barren, field, smooth, soft, 111

Chickory, 164

Chickweed, 129, 131

Chrysanthemum, 163

Cichorium, 164

Cicuta, 148

Cinquefoil, silvery, 138, 139

Cirsium, 164, 165

Claviceps, 110

Climbing false buckwheat, 121

Clover dodder, 151

Cockle, 128

Cocklebur, 171

Co´ma, a tuft of hair on a seed.

Common chickweed, 131

Common milkweed, 149

Common speedwell, 157

Compositae, 160

Composite family, 160

Conium, 148

Conringia, 135

Convolvulaceae, 150

Convolvulus, 150

Corn camomile, 161

Corn gromwell, 153

Coronilla, 139

Couch grass, 110

Cow-cress, 136

Crab-grass, 113-114

Crassulaceae, 138

Creeping buttercup, 132

Crepis, 165

Cress, cow, 136

Crimson clover, 141

Crowfoot, 131

Crowfoot family, 131

Cruciferae, 132

Curled Dock, 122

Cut-leaved Crane's bill, 142

Cuscuta, 150, 151

Cycloloma, 126

Cynanchum, 149

Cynodon, 113

Cynoglossum, 152

Cyperaceae, 118

Cyperus, 118

Cypress spurge, 143

Daisy fleabane, 166

Dandelion, 170

Datura, 155

Daucus, 148

Dead nettle, 154

Del´toid, shaped like the Greek letter delta; triangular.

Devil's paint-brush, 167

Digitalis, 113

Diplotaxis, 135

Dipsaceae, 160

Dipsacus, 160

Dock, 121

Dock-leaved Persicaria, 120

Dodder, 150

Dog's fennel, 161

Echinochloa, 114

Elecampane, 167

Eleocharis, 118

Eleusine, 114

El-lip´tic-al, oblong and rounded at the ends; longer than oval.

Em´bry-o, the little plant forming a part of the seed, usually consisting of caulicle, one or more cotyledons and a plumule.

Eragrostis, 115

Erechtites, 165

Ergot, 110

Erigeron, 165, 166

Erodium, 142

Erysimum, 135

Euphorbia, 143, 144

Euphorbiaceae, 143

Evening primrose, 147

Evening primrose family, 147

Fall dandelion, 168

False Buckwheat, 121

False flax, 134

Fe´male flow´er, one having pistils only, but no stamens; pistillate flower.

Fer´tile, producing fruit, or reproductive bodies of any kind.

Field dodder, 150

Field garlic, 119

Field madder, 159

Field pepper-grass, 136

Figwort family, 156

Fire-weed, 165

Five finger, 139

Flat-stemmed Poa, 116

Flax dodder, 150

Fleabane, 165, 166

Floral glume

Flo´ret, a single flower of a head or cluster, especially in Compositae.

Forked catchfly, 130

Foxtail, green, yellow, 117

Garlic, field, wild, 119

Gaura, 147

Geraniaceae, 142

Geranium family, 142

Glume, one of the outer floral envelopes in grasses or sedges. The term as now used includes the bracts (empty glumes) which subtend a spikelet and the lower of the two bracts subtending the individual flower (flowering or floral glume, lemma).

Gnaphalium, 166

Golden pepper-grass, 136

Goosefoot, 125

Goosefoot family, 124

Grain, the caryopsis or fruit of Gramineae; any small seed.

Grass, crab, 114

Grass family, weeds in, 110

Grass, old witch, 115

Grass, porcupine, 117

Grass, stink, 115

Green foxtail, 117

Great bindweed, 150

Great burdock, 162

Great ragweed, 161

Grindelia, 166

Gronovius' dodder, 151

Ground honeysuckle, 139

Gum plant, 166

Hare's ear, 135

Has´tate, like the head of a halberd—applied to leaves which have a spreading lobe on each side of the base.

Hawksbeard, 165

Heal-all, 155

Hedge bindweed, 150

Hedge mustard, 137

Helianthus, 167

Hibiscus, 146

Hieracium, 167

Hillman, F. H., graduate of the College in 1888; expert draftsman of the seed Division of Washington, D. C, 103

Hilum, 134

Hi´lum, the scar or point of attachment of a seed.

Hoarhound, 154

Hoary alyssum, 133

Hoary cress, 136

Honeysuckle, ground, 139

Hordeum, 115

Horse nettle, 155

Horse-weed, 165

Hound's tongue, 152

Hypericaceae, 147

Hypericum, 147

Illecebraceae, 128

In-cum´bent, leaning or lying upon; applied to cotyledons when the caulicle is folded against the track of one of them, shown as [Symbol: || o].

Indian mallow, 145

Indian mustard, 133

Indigenous, 139

In-dig´e-nous, native and original to the region.

Inula, 167

Iva, 167

In´vo-lu-cre, a set of bracts immediately subtending a flower or inflorescence.

Jerusalem oak, 125

Jimson weed, 155

Juncaceae, 118

June grass, 116

Keel, the joined pair of petals in a papilionaceous corolla; a projecting ridge along the back of an organ.

Knawel, 128

Knot-grass, 119

Knotweed, 120

Knotweed family, 128

Labiatae, 154

Lactuca, 168

Lady's Thumb, 121

Lamb's quarters, 124

Lamium, 154

Lan´ce-o-late, tapering abruptly towards the base and gradually towards the apex, like the head of a lance.

Lappula, 152

Large-bracted plantain, 158

Leafy spurge, 143

Leguminosae, 139

Leontodon, 168

Leonurus, 154

Lepidium, 136

Leptilon, 165

Liliaceae, 119

Lily family, 119

Linaria, 156

Lin´e-ar, very narrow with the margins parallel or nearly so.

Lithospermum, 153

Low cudweed, 166

Lucerne, 140

Lotus, 139

Low hop-clover, 141

Madder family, 159

Mallow, 145, 146

Mallow family, 145

Malva, 146

Malvaceae, 145, 146

Mammoth clover, 141

Many-seeded goosefoot, 126

Maple-leaved goosefoot, 125

Marsh elder, 167

Marubium, 154

May-weed, 161

Medicago, 139, 140

Melilotus, 140

Mexican tea, 125

Milfoil, 160

Milkweed, 149

Milkweed family, 149

Millimeter, see last page of this bulletin

Mint family, 154

m. m. Millimeter, see ruled lines on last page, 139

Mollugo, 128

Morning-glory family, 150

Mossy stonecrop, 138

Motherwort, 154

Moth mullein, 156

Mouse-ear chickweed, 129

Mouse-ear hawkweed, 167

Mullein, 156, 157

Musquash-root, 148

Mustard, 133, 134, 135

Mustard family, 132

Narrow-leaved dock, 122

Narrow-leaved hawk's beard, 165

Narrow-leaved plantain, 158

Nepeta, 154

Neslia, 137

Nettle family, 119

Nettle-leaved vervain, 153

Night-flowering catchfly, 130

Nightshade, 156

Night-shade family, 155

Nonesuch, 139

Nut-grass, 118

Oak-leaved goosefoot, 125

Oat, wild, 110

Ob-lan´ce-o-late, lanceolate in form, but tapering toward the base more than toward the apex.

Ob´long, longer than wide with nearly parallel sides. Compare Oval.

Ob-o´vate, a flat body broader toward the apex than the base. See Ovate.

Ob-o´void, a solid body broader towards the apex than the base. See Ovoid.

Ob-tuse´, having a rounded end or apex; blunt.

Oenothera, 147

Old witch grass, 115

Onagraceae, 147

Orache, spreading, 124

Orpine family, 138

O´val, about twice as long as broad, with regular curved outlines, broadly elliptical.

O´vate, like a longitudinal section of an ordinary hen's egg, with the attachment, if any, at the broad end.

O´void, the shape of a hen's egg and attached, if at all, at the large end.

Ovoid spike rush, 118

Ox-eye daisy, 163

Oyster-plant, 170

Paint brush, 167

Pa´le-a, Pa´let, the upper bract which with the floral glume incloses the flower in grasses.

Pale persicaria, 120

Panicum, 113

Panicum capillare, 115

Panicum, smooth, 115

Papaveraceae, 132

Parsley family, 148

Parsnip, wild, 149

Pastinaca, 149

Patience dock, 123

Pennsylvania persicaria, 120

Penny cress, 137

Peppergrass, 135, 136

Persicaria, dock-leaved, 120

Pigeon grass, 117

Pigweed, 124

Pigweed family, 124

Pink family, 128

Plantago, 158, 159

Plantain family, 158

Poa annua, 116

Poa compressa, 116

Poa, flat-stemmed, 116

Poa pratensis, 116

Poison hemlock, 148

Poison ivy, 145

Polygonaceae, 119

Polygonum, 119-120

Poppy family, 132

Porcupine grass, 117

Portulaca, 131

Portulacaceae, 131

Potentilla, 138, 139

Prickly lettuce, 168

Prickly sida, 146

Prostrate amaranth, 127

Prunella, 155

Pu-bes´cent, clothed with soft and rather short hairs.

Pulse family, 139

Purple Jimsonweed, 155

Purple-stemmed beggar-ticks, 163

Purslane family, 131

Purslane speedwell, 157

Pusley, 131

Quack grass, 110

Ragweed, 160

Ranunculaceae, 131

Ranunculus, 131, 132

Ra´phe, the adherent funiculus connecting the hilum and chalaza in anatropous or amphitropous ovules or seeds.

Red clover, 141

Red-seeded dandelion, 170

Red root, 153

Re-tic´u-late, in the form of network.

Rhus, 145

Rib-grass, 158

Rocket, yellow, 133

Root, the descending axis which is destitute of leaves or nodes.

Root stock, rhizome, a stem usually subterranean and more or less thickened, producing young branches.

Rosaceae, 138

Rose family, 138

Rough cinquefoil, 139

Rough pigweed, 127

Rudbeckia, 169

Rugel's broad-leaved plantain, 159

Rumex, 121, 122, 123

Running mallow, 146

Rush family, 118

Rush, slender, 118

Rush, spike, 118

Russian thistle, 126

Rutabaga, 133

Rye, 116

Salsify, 170

Salsola, 126

Sand-bur, 112

Sand plantain, 158

Sand rocket, 135

Sandwort, 129

Saponaria, 129

Scarlet clover, 141

Scleria, 128

Scrophulaceae, 156

Secale, 116

Sedge family, 118

Sedum, 138

Self-heal, 155

Setaria glauca, viridis, 117

Sheep sorrel, 122

Shepherd's purse, 134

Sherardia, 159

Shore knot-weed, 120

Sida, 146

Silene, 129, 130

Silvery cinquefoil, 138

Sisymbrium, 137

Sleepy catchfly, 129

Slender pigweed, 127

Slender nettle, 119

Slender rush, 118

Small alyssum, 132

Smaller burdock, 162

Small-flowered crane's bill, 142

Small-flowered crowfoot, 131

Small-fruited false flax, 134

Smut-weed, 120

Solanaceae, 155

Solanum, 155, 156

Sonchus, 169

Sorrel, 121

Sour dock, 121

Sow-thistle, 169

Spanish dodder, 151

Spear grass, 116

Speedwell, 157

Spergula, 130

Spike´let, a small or secondary spike, as found in grasses.

Spotted spurge, 144

Spring clotbur, 171

Spring sow-thistle, 169

Spurge family, 143

Spurry, 130

Squirrel-tail grass, 115

St. John's-wort family, 147

Star thistle, 163

Stellaria, 131

Ster´ile, not fertile.

Stick-seed, 152

Stink grass, 115

Stipa spartea, 117

Stonecrop, mossy, 138

Stork's-bill, 142

Stri´ate, striped with parallel ridges and grooves.

Swallow-wort, 149

Swamp begger-ticks, 163

Sweet clover, 140

Sweet everlasting, 166

Syntherisma, 113

Tall buttercup, 131

Tall mustard, 137

Taraxacum, 170

Teasel family, 160

Thistle, 164

Thistle, Russian, 126

Thorn apple, 155

Three-seeded mercury, 143

Thyme-leaved sandwort, 129

Thyme-leaved speedwell, 157

Thyme-leaved spurge, 144

Toad-flax, 156

Tragopogon, 170

Treacle mustard, 135

Trefoil, 139

Trifolium, 141, 142

Trun´cate, terminating abruptly, as though cut off or flattened at the end. Compare Premorse and Succise.

Tu´ber-cle, a swollen part or a root due to bacteria. Usually applies to such as possess the power to fix nitrogen; a little tuber.

Tumbleweed, 127

Tumbling mustard, 137

Umbelliferae, 148

Upright spotted spurge, 144

Urtica, 119

Velvet leaf, 145

Velvet-leaved mullein, 157

Verbascum, 156, 157

Verbena, 153

Verbenaceae, 153

Veronica, 157

Vervain family, 153

Vincetoxicum, 149

Wall speedwell, 157

Water hemlock, 148

Water hemp, 126

Weed, defined, 103

Weed, what enables a plant to become one, 105

Weeds, disadvantages of, 104

Weeds, found in certain crops and why, 107

Weeds, how introduced and how spread, 106

Weeds, how to exterminate, 108

Weeds, lists of, in clovers and grasses, 107

Weeds of Michigan compared with those elsewhere, 107

Weeds, some small benefits from, 104

Weeds, where certain ones are troublesome, 107

Weeds, where they come from, 107

Western water hemp, 126

Wheat thief, 153

White clover, 142

White hoarhound, 154

White sweet clover, 140

Whorled mallow, 146

Wild carrot, 148

Wild comfrey, 152

Wild garlic, 119

Wild lettuce, 168

Wild parsnip, 149

Wild peppergrass, 136

Willow-leaved dock, 123

Winged pigweed, 126

Wild buckwheat, 120

Wild oat, 110

Winter cress, 133

Wire grass, 114, 116

Witchgrass, old, 115

Worm-seed, 135

Wormwood, 162

Xanthium, 171

Yard grass, 114

Yarrow, 160

Yellow alyssum, 132

Yellow daisy, 169

Yellow foxtail, 117

Yellow goat's beard, 170

Yellow rocket, 133

☞ If not familiar with the decimal scale used in recording measurements in this volume, the reader can clip out one of those found below and use it for measuring.