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Scarabs

LIST OF PLATES AND ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT.

Reading edition

Plate I. Some specimens of rings Frontispiece.

ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT.

Fig. PAGE

1, 2. Two jars of the First Dynasty, to illustrate the ancient method of sealing 13

3, 4. Complete jar neck, bearing the stamp of Amasis 14

5-7. Jars showing method of securing contents. (From paintings in the tombs at Beni Hasan) 16

8. A man sealing up a honey jar. (From a tomb at Abusîr) 17

9. A sealed jar. (From a painting in a tomb at Medûm) 17

10. A sealed bag. (From a painting in a tomb at Medûm) 17

11. Sealing of doors 20

12. Securing of folding doors 21

13. Sealing of boxes 22

14. A papyrus roll, tied up and sealed 23

15. The office of the Superintendent of the Seal 35

16. The working of the bow drill. (From the tomb of Rekhmara) 42

17. A mounted cylinder-seal. (In the Louvre) 45

18. A Cylinder-seal. (Figured in a tomb at Medûm) 45

19. Cylinder-seal. (Figured in a tomb at Sakkara) 45

20. An early cylinder-seal 46

21. A cylinder-seal bearing the name of Merŷ-ra. (In the collection of Mr. Piers) 46

22. A cylinder-seal of Amenemhat III 47

xii23. A cylinder-seal of Khŷan. (Cairo) 47

24. A cylinder-seal of Sen-mut. (Petrie Collection) 47

25. Impression from a cylinder-seal in the Berlin Museum 49

26. Impression from a cylinder-seal in the Berlin Museum 50

27. Cylinder-seal bearing personal name 51

28. Cylinder-seal bearing rude hieroglyphic inscriptions written in vertical columns 52

29. Royal seal of Narmer, predecessor of Mena, reproduced in outline 53

30. Royal seal of Zer, Mena’s successor; gives besides the name a figure of the monarch 53

31. Official cylinder-seal, with royal name 55

32. Official cylinder-seal bearing the name and titles of officials 55

33. Button-shaped seal 56

34. Hemi-cylinder seal 56

35. Button-shaped seal 57

36. Button-shaped seal 57

37. Button-shaped seal 57

38. Button-shaped seal 57

39. Button-shaped seal 58

40. Button-shaped seal 58

41. Button-shaped seal 59

42. Button-shaped seal 59

43. Button-shaped seal 59

44. Button-shaped seal 59

45. Button-shaped seal 59

46. Button-shaped seal 59

47. Hemi-cylinder seal 60

48. Hemi-cylinder seal 60

49. Hemi-cylinder seal 60

50. Hemi-cylinder seal 60

51. Hemi-cylinder seal 60

52. Clay stamp from the terramare of Montale in the Modenese 61

xiii53. Scarab-shaped seal worn on the finger, attached by a piece of string 62

54. Scarab-shaped seal mounted as swivel to metal ring 62

55. Scarab-shaped seal enclosed in metal frame or funda 62

56. Scarab bearing the name of Mer-en-ra 68

57. Scarab bearing the names Thothmes III and Amenhetep II 68

58. Specimen of a Scarab-beetle (the real Scarabæus sacer) 70

59. Specimens of scarabs from El Mahasna 70

60. Specimen scarabs of the Twelfth Dynasty 71

61. Specimen scarabs of the Twelfth Dynasty 71

62. Specimen scarabs of the Twelfth Dynasty 71

63. Specimen scarabs of the Twelfth Dynasty 71

64. Specimen scarabs of the Thirteenth Dynasty 72

65. Specimen scarabs of the Hyksos Period 72

66. Specimen scarabs of the Hyksos Period 72

67. Specimen scarabs of the Hyksos Period 72

68. Specimen scarabs of the Hyksos Period 73

69. Specimen scarabs of the Hyksos Period 73

70. Specimen scarabs of the Early Eighteenth Dynasty 73

71. Specimen scarabs of the Early Eighteenth Dynasty 73

72. Specimen scarabs of the Early Eighteenth Dynasty 74

73. Specimen scarabs of the Middle Eighteenth Dynasty 74

74. Specimen scarabs of the Amenhetep III 74

75. Specimen scarabs of the Nineteenth Dynasty 74

76. Specimen scarabs of the Nineteenth Dynasty 75

77. Specimen scarabs of the Nineteenth Dynasty 75

78. Specimen scarabs of the Nineteenth Dynasty 75

79. Specimen scarabs of the Nineteenth Dynasty 75

80. Specimen scarabs of the Ethiopian dominion 76

81. Specimen scarabs of the Ethiopian dominion 76

82. Scarab of Usertsen I 80

83. A seal of the Twelfth Dynasty 85

84. A seal of the Eighteenth Dynasty 85

85. A seal of the Eleventh Dynasty 86

xiv86. A seal of the Eleventh Dynasty 86

87. A seal bearing the name of King Mentuhetep 87

88. Specimen seals of the Eighteenth Dynasty 87

89. Specimen seals of the Eighteenth Dynasty 87

90. Specimen seals of the Eighteenth Dynasty 87

91. Specimen seals of the Eighteenth Dynasty 87

92. Specimen seals of the Eighteenth Dynasty 87

93. A seal bearing the name of King Amenemhat III 88

94. A stamp seal 88

95. A seal bearing the name of King Seqen-en-ra 89

96. A seal bearing the name of King Sa-Amen 89

97. A stamp seal 89

98. A seal bearing the name of King Thothmes III 90

99. A seal bearing the name of the Hyksos Period 90

100. A seal bearing the name of the Twelfth Dynasty 90

101. A seal bearing the name of the Twelfth Dynasty 90

102. A seal bearing the name of the Eighteenth Dynasty 90

103. A seal bearing the name of Rameses II 90

104. A seal of the Saïte Period 91

105. A seal of Thirtieth Dynasty 91

106. A seal of Nekhtenebo 92

107. A ring of Usertsen III 93

108. A ring of the Thirteenth Dynasty 93

109. A ring of the Thirteenth Dynasty 93

110. A ring of Thothmes III 94

111. A ring of the period of Akhenaten 94

112. A ring of the Twentieth Dynasty 94

113. A ring of the Twentieth Dynasty 94

114. A ring of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty 95

115. A ring of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty 95

116. A ring of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty 95

xv

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