JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., (continued 4)

"Well, I had to go to the office, and he knew of the heaps and said 'I will allow you 30 yards for those. I had not forgotten them.' Now that was what they were to a spadeful, so I thought it was good business as I knew they were not shown on the sections. He said 'In case anything should happen to you or me I will write what I mean and have it attached to the agreement.' I thought that was kind of him. Now, we had worked for about a week, and I was keen on plunder. He then dictated a few lines to the timekeeper, saying that it was agreed 30 cubic yards of earth were in the heaps and they were to be paid for as an allowance in addition to the 9239 cubic yards, the total measurement of the excavation I had to do under the contract. Of course it was worded right, but I give you the meaning. This I signed, and it was witnessed by the time-keeper and the young guv'nor. I made just about the same as he did of the total measurement, but was so eager after the 30 cubic yards in the heaps that I signed the paper off hand, but of course I knew then what was written, but thought no more about it. I left the office and had six of neat right off on the strength of those heaps. I will cut it short now.

"Well, I finished the job quickly, and one day, just before I had done, I thought to myself, 'There have not been any "extras" on this approach road, for what with slope and fence pegs being set out there has actually been no chance of a bit "extra."' After thinking I said to myself, 'It is an awkward place to measure. I will make my measurements so that they work out five hundred yards more, add a little all over, I can but give way in the end, have a nice, warm, genteel wrangle that will shake up the cockles of my heart, and I may get half or something extra if I do the oily persuasive trick, and look wronged in my countenance.' So up I went to the office and said, 'I shall about finish to-morrow, sir, and I think you will say I have done the job well and quickly, and deserve another. It has been a tight fit, and has only just kept me going.'

"Usual patter followed that is required on such occasions, and is kept in stock for them. I was beginning to feel real happy, and thinking I had got twenty pounds at least, and no mistake for talking pretty. So I said, 'As I am here, sir, do you mind telling me what you make the measurement?'"

"'Certainly. 9239 cubic yards, and 30 yards allowed for heaps. Total, 9269 cubic yards.'

"That did not suit me, so I started on the injured innocence lay, and said meekly and persuasive like, 'You have left out something, I think, sir.'

"'No; I have not.'

"'Well, sir, I make 500 yards more than you; and if I don't get it it will be very bad for me, for I shall not be able to pay my men.' That did not seem to flurry him. He opened the safe, and read from the paper I had signed some months ago. Blessed if it ever occurred to me to think that I had signed for the total quantities, but I had, for I was then so taken up with the 30 yards. Like you, I am old enough to know that no contract is indisputable, and that many things in law have to be tried before they are law when a question arises, and that there is not much finality about the show; but here I was caught, and had made my own net, and no mistake; so, after putting in all I knew and saying to him, 'I did not take that bit of paper to mean the same as he did,' I considered it best to shake down easy as I saw I was grassed, so I took his measurement; but I wished blue ruin to the heaps, and may where they were tipped be well worried by worms and vermin. Look out! I shall break something."

"Don't slap the table with your clenched fist like that, or we shall have to pay for damages, and have nothing left for drinks."

"Right you are; but it does make me wild to think of it."

"You were had at your own game there!"

"Yes; but after all said and done, except the ground is level throughout, I heard two engineers say earthwork measurements are generally a matter of fair averaging; and if tables are used, some like this table and others that, so all are happy; but they agreed cross-sections are the best, and unless a plaster cast is made of the surface of some ground, no one could say what the measurement really was to a few yards, and that it does not much matter as the price per cubic yard is so little compared with most prices of work, such as masonry, brickwork, concrete, &c."

"You have finished, I fancy?"

"Yes."

"Now I'll tell you how I once got a bit 'extra' from measurements in rather an odd way. The work was done without a contractor, it was principally let in pieces to sub-contractors, and the rest day-work; but I heard they did not gain much, if anything, by it. Came to nearly the same thing, and all the bother and risk themselves, and about the same good work.

"Well, the funny way I made some extra profit, of course, as usual, very much against my will, was this. I happened to be in the engineer's office, and heard the resident say to his assistant, 'Mr. ‌—‌‌—‌, please make a list of timber required for the quay sheds, and take out the quantities.' Now it is only fair to say the assistant knew his book and was up to snuff, but we are all caught tripping sometimes, and whether it was his anxiety to ascertain the exact quantities, I don't know, but he got mixed, and blessed if the timber was not ordered net lengths, and nothing allowed for mortises and making joints. Just as we were going to start on the sheds they took us away, and before the foundations were excavated for the walls. It was fortunate they did, as it happened, for it afterwards occurred to the assistant that he had forgotten to allow for mortises and joints. So the sheds had to be made about a foot less width than they should have been, and we got paid for the foot or so at each end that was left out; and the inspector got the tip, I suppose, for nothing was said, and it was not noticed, for they were wide store sheds, with a line of rails through the centre, and it really did not matter at all. So you see I was forced to take a bit 'extra,' but that is the only time in the whole of my life. Of course it worried me much."

"No doubt it caused another wrinkle to set on your forehead."

"Very likely; but an old partner of mine told me he once was paid for the corners of a lot of level-crossing lodges twice over by taking the outside wall measurements all round instead of two outside and two inside, but only once, when things had to be done at a great rush; it was a case of hurry up all round, for all the final measurements of the whole line had to be done in a fortnight."

CHAPTER XV.

MEN AND WAGES. 'SUB' FROM THE WOOD. A SUB-CONTRACTOR'S SCOUT AND FREE TRAVELLER.

"It is nearly midnight. I am game for another hour, are you?"

"Yes. I like talking on the quiet, it draws you together, you know; you feel for a time as if we all belonged to one family, although we do not, and don't want; that's a fact."

"Precisely, old pal. Let us grip and sip."

"Did any of your men ever play rough on you?"

"Not often; but I remember one. He was a good working hand, and I did not mean to lose him. Ted Skip was his name. This is how it occurred. One Saturday night I was in the village, and saw at the corner of a lane a man standing up in a cart spouting away fit to give him heart disease, or break a blood-vessel, and getting hot so quick, that I am sure he was going to beat record time. I believe he was fed on dictionaries and stewed Socialist pamphlets that did not agree with him. He was pouring it out. He said in effect that pretty nearly everybody was a thief except himself and his comrades, and that nearly all things were poison as they were, and unless we all did as he said we were fools and felons, and worse. Then he went on to say, beer was poison, tobacco was poison, and the way things were now, and all went on, was worse than poison. Then he talked about us, called us railway slave drivers and slaves, and I am sure there was no one or nothing that existed that was not poison to him except himself and what he possessed, and the fools that paid him. I got wild after a bit, hearing him lying away as fast as he could speak, and I shouted, 'You are all poison, you old bit of arsenic, for what is not ass about you is from old Nick.' He was then shouting out 'Your constitution is wrong. All the bills are of no use.' That was too much for me, so I pushed my way in and showed him my fist, and said, 'I'll soon show you whether all the Bills are of no use and whether my constitution is wrong. My name is Bill Dark, and there are numbers of people here that know I have never been sick or sorry since I was born, and I have taken beer and smoked tobacco from the time I was fifteen. In moderation, I believe in this country it does good to most of us, and pretty well all except those that are built up peculiar, and if you want to see if I'm of no use, come on; only get a sack first, so that the pieces of you that remain, and are large enough to be found, can be taken away and burnt to-night instead of later on. You understand what I mean.'

"Our chaps cheered me like mad, and I suppose old Arsenic thought his show was being wasted, for he threw up his arms and drove off, and we yelled him out of the village. Well, now you'll hear what came of it. Teddy Skip was there, and heard me say that beer and tobacco in moderation in this country I believe did good to most of us. A week or so passed, and I forgot all about old Arsenic when Teddy Skip came to me, and said, 'Guv'nor, after hearing you down in the village, and feeling a bit cold now and then, I thought I would try a pipe. I find it suits me, and is quite a friend, but it costs me nearly twopence a day, at least that is what I reckon it does. I have been with you a long time, and hope you won't mind another twopence a day just to buy the tobacco as you recommended to be used in moderation.'

"He had me there, so I made no bones about it, and said, 'Very well then, another twopence from Monday;' but I gave him a parting shot in this way, 'I know you are courting Mary Plush, and may be joined soon, but don't you come to me for a rise after each lot of twins is born, and say you have done a kindness to me and the public generally; because the wife and ten children lay is played out for increase of wages, and folks do with them that show as much moderation in size of families as remember I said should be used with beer and tobacco.' He began to move, and said smiling, as he cleared out, 'All right, guv'nor, thank you, I understand.'"

"That was pretty for you; but did I ever tell you how I got well insulted by one of my chaps?"

"No. Out with it."

"It was in my early days, about the first work I had on the piece. It was clearing and forming through a wood, and there were more rabbits there than trees. The contract was just started, and you know what the chaps are then, they want 'sub' nearly to their full time. Well, I was not flush, in fact they nearly drained me out, so the rabbits were too much for me, besides they were wasted in my sight where they were, simply gold running loose; so I bagged a fair lot, in fact as many as I could catch. Now, my men finding I was subbing them nicely seemed to think I was the man they had been looking to serve since they took to work, so I considered I ought to stop their game with another variety of sport. It does not do to let wrong ideas rest quiet in any man. It is not kind. It was Thursday, and on Saturday I should have a fairish draw for myself on account of work done; but as things were, I was nearly run out. About six wanted 'sub,' so I threw a rabbit to each of them, and said, 'That is tenpence, and it ought to be a shilling, for they are as big as hares and more feeding, and they are not half the trouble to cook.' They grumbled, so I growled out, 'Except on Saturdays, it is that this week and next most likely, or nothing, so choose your time.' One stayed behind, and said, 'Boss, just you look here: eightpence is enough for that, and too much, because I know it is poached, for I saw you doing a lift among the "furrers," and when I receive stolen goods I am paid for holding them, and chancing the consequences, and I don't pay for taking care of them. Do you understand? It is the last I take, and don't you mistake.'

"This 'riled' me, so I said, 'Off you go, or I'll flatten you out.' I was had there. Of course, he was at the same game as I had been, and rabbits to him were not exactly a novelty. Well, I carried on the fun there to such a tune that at last it became too hot. A dealer used to fetch them. He had an old cart. It looked like a baker's, and had some name on it, and there was a bit of green baize, and a basket or two, and a few loaves to keep up the illusion. We worked it till it turned on us, and the business had to be stopped."

"I never have done much at that. Not enough money for the risk to please me."

"Believe me, I have given up the game twenty years or more. I soon found in taking work by the piece I was bound to have a bit of capital, and, as a rule, what I want I get if it is to be had by anyone, and I generally find it is. I overdid it though, that's the worst of money, the more you get the more you want, and it's the biggest slave-driver out and spares no one. Well, complaints about poaching went up to head-quarters and I was called before the guv'nor. He said to me very sharp, 'I shall measure up your work unless from this day I hear no more of your poaching.'

"Of course I bluffed it a bit, but it was no good. However, knowing he always liked fun, he listened to me and I went off fond as a lamb. After promising I would keep watch on the men, which he did not let me finish saying before he had advised me to have assistance, he meant someone to watch me, I went straight for some joking, just to get the venom out of the subject. There is nothing like flattery to start a talk easy, so I said, 'You, sir, know a host of things more than me, and no doubt can explain how it was my father told me when I was a boy that all the family had a natural power of attracting animals. He said it was born in us. One day, sir, he drew me close to him and whispered, after feeling my head, 'You have the family gift very powerful.' You'll excuse me, sir, but I just name this because game always follows me about, and when these rabbits come on the work there is no mistake they are trespassing, and so I punish them by taking them into custody according to the law. When I walk up and down the line they seem to be that joyful, sir, as is real touching. They will come, and the bigger they are the more they seem to like me (between ourselves, that is you and me, to-night talking quiet, small 'uns don't suit me). I have not got the heart to frighten them away, and so they come to me, and sooner than let them go back to their savage life I take them up and become like a parent to them. You cut me so hard in price for the work, sir, I cannot afford to keep them long, so they have to partly keep me."

"Did your guv'nor stand that?"

"Yes. He was a good listener and always gave a man enough rope to hang himself."

"I should have punched your head if I had been him."

"Very likely you would have tried to, but he did not, so I went on to say, 'Well, sir, it is my undoubted belief the big rabbits down here can tell the difference between some letters and others, in the same way, I suppose, as they know the difference between some shot through their ears and a cabbage leaf in their mouth, or a horse and a fox; for they always run away from every cart but mine. I was just thinking I had said enough when the guv'nor had his turn and said:‌—‌

"'After what you have told me, attach a dozen white boards to the fencing, and have these words painted upon them in six-inch black letters‌—‌"Rabbits are vermin," and have your name put underneath. As you say some of them can read, that will cause them to cease following you. I am determined that this poaching shall be stopped once and for all.'

"'Excuse me, sir, but suppose they still will come to me after the notices are up, and I can't keep them away?'

"He answered, 'In such an event fix notice boards painted thus: "Any rabbit found trespassing upon this railway will be prosecuted with the utmost rigour of the law, and any rabbit found destroying the fences or hedges, or committing any damage of whatsoever kind will be shot.' Have your name put on it as before.'

"After that I thought it was time to go, and as I went out I could hear laughter. He had me, you know, so I was compelled to take to butcher's meat again throughout, and only a spare rabbit now and then went home to see his relations by aid of my mouth."

"What a row there is outside?"

"It's my dog barking. He must have heard you talk of rabbits. He is clever. I trained him so that I always knew when any engineers or inspectors were on the prowl. I call him 'Spot,' because he can 'spot' them so well. I made him do the spy business right round our end of the docks I was then on, and also on railway work."

"What did he do?"

"He used to do a tramp up and down quite naturally, about quarter of a mile in front of the tip and a quarter of a mile back of the gullet, or anywhere I had work, and not even the men knew he was on scout. He is the best watchman I have known; and so long as things were right and no bosses about he never came close to me unless I called him, but if anyone was prowling about he soon was close to me, and three pats communicated to him that I twigged, and he went on the scent again. He seemed to sniff out the faces of all my guv'nors in an instant, and looked anxious till I patted him three times, and then he turned up his eyes to meet mine, and a lovely beam of satisfaction came over him and he was as happy as he could be, and then he vanished. He was a sly dog, and useful too. He slept at the bottom of my bed in a basket. My wife did not like him on the bed; said dogs were dogs, and carried too many relations on their persons, so I hung a big basket to the tail end of our sleeping apparatus, and there he snoozed. Now, wherever I was, he was, or near to; he did not seem happy except he knew where I was. I always took him wherever I went, and on free pass. It's not very often I am travelling far, except when the works are finished; still, I easily trained him to be a good free traveller after a few trials, so that I never took a ticket for him. Not me. I always think it is hard, provided you have no luggage for the van, and have your dog well under control, that you cannot take him with you free, like you do a stick, an umbrella, or your pipe. A dog does not occupy a seat nor make a noise the same as a baby; but there, I don't mean to argue the question, and, personally, have no occasion, because I have not paid anything for my dog's travelling for years. The problem is solved as far as I am concerned, and the rest of creation will have to look out for themselves."

"How do you do it?"

"You mean, how does my dog, Spot, do it? In this way. I take my ticket, and before putting it into my pocket hold it in my hand for a moment. I then go on my right platform. Spot, that is my dog, then knows he is to get on that platform. He usually waits till a good many people want to pass, then he slips in beautifully quiet, sometimes by the side of a lady, or under cover of a group of passengers, and I have never known him noticed at the doors, as the ticket collectors are busy ticket snipping. I don't interfere with Spot's platform arrangements, for properly educated and well-brought-up dogs would object; but there is no doubt at some of the terminal stations the game could not be worked unless all the platforms are open. Suppose he was noticed on a platform, and they tried to find him, he was so good at hiding that they always thought he had gone; besides, they had plenty to do, and more serious business to look after. Once I saw they were searching for him, but they did not find him. He was not on the platform at all, but under a truck in the siding and enjoying the fun. He rested there, or at a convenient place till he heard the train coming, or saw I was about to get in. He timed his movements very cleverly, and has taken me by surprise sometimes, but he was sure to be under the seat, and hiding as quietly as a mouse, and taking no notice of me; not he.

"When I arrived at my station, if it was a big one, there was no trouble, I got out and Spot sneaked out without taking any notice of me, nor did I of him then. He used to make straight for the wall, and you bet he got out of the station quick, or was turned out. I have seen him driven out, as the porters took him for a stray dog. Once they threw a stool at him, it just caught his tail, and made him squall a trifle; but although it was a hard trial for me, I suppressed my feelings, as I had no ticket for him. I have known him sit down after following me out of the carriage, close up to the wall one end of a platform, and wait till the ticket-collector was busy sorting the tickets, and then Spot would walk out like a nobleman. I waited for him at a respectful and safe distance from the station, and then we had an affectionate meeting, and he had a biscuit and I had a drink, and we were a happy two. Spot is a real good dog, and as honest as the day, for I trained him in the right direction from the time he was a pup. He is a cool one; but there, it is a gift of nature like a swell singer's voice."

"Precisely."

"Now, listen; for once I was nearly had, even with Spot. There were about ten people in the compartment of a long carriage, and I sat next to a fly-looking chap, and only got in just in time, with my dog handy. Off the train went, and I was trying to consider what I ought to think about during the journey, when we all started, for Spot barked really fierce; and I said, 'Quiet.' Blessed if there was not another bark, and from another member of the dog creation. I knew it was not Spot, so I looked under the seat, and saw two bags, and Spot looking very warm and ready on one of them, with his head a little on one side. I knew it was live game, and I saw the other bag move. I thought the railway company had got the office and caught me, and that it was a 'put up job,' but I was wrong. It was all right. The chap next to me whispered in my ear that he was a rat-catcher, and had live rats in one bag, and his dog in the other, and they were travelling as passengers' luggage. I winked, and he did. Then it occurred to me, I was too friendly with him. However, of course his dog was trained to keep quiet, but mine was not in the presence of rats, so I had to look under again, and put out my stick, and say. 'Quiet, bosses.' Spot knew what that meant, and was quiet.

"Now, the other passengers steadied down very quickly, for of course they did not know we had not paid for the dogs. It was a fast local train and only stopped at the terminus, so there was no chance of their getting out before me at the station. I took care of that. It might have been awkward otherwise. The beauty of it was, this rat-catcher, I could see was not altogether satisfied when he came to dwell on it, for I fancy he thought I was a spy, and that he was caught; and I was not quite convinced he was not a detective. Still, a bold game generally pays the best; anyhow, I pretended I was dozing. It was evening, and when the train had barely stopped, after saying. 'Good-night all,' I got out first, and did not wait to see how the rat-catcher fared. I had Spot to look after, and was afraid the guard might have heard the barking; but he did not, for if he had we should both have been had lovely, all through a bag of rats. What my dog suffered from having to leave the game alone, it grieves me to think. All I know is, he was really bad for days after; but I should say the rats were tuning up to sing, 'We are all surrounded.'"

"I'm off now. Good-bye, old chap. Cheer up."

"Thank you for coming to see me, and having a good chat. It's lucky no one has heard us though, still, we have not confessed all. Have we?"

"Not exactly. Good-bye."

"Mind how you go, and I hope to see you to-morrow."

"All right; I'm safe enough, for I have been in too many squalls not to be careful. I won't say artful."

FINIS.

Crown 8vo, cloth, Price 4s. 6d.

NOTES ON CONCRETE AND WORKS IN CONCRETE.

By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E.

REVIEWS OF THE PRESS.

Engineering:

"An epitome of the best practice which may be relied upon not to mislead."

"The successful construction of works in concrete is a difficult matter to explain in books."

"All the points which open the way to bad work are carefully pointed out by our Author with a pertinacious insistance which demonstrates his clear appreciation of their value."

Iron:

"As numerous examples are cited of the use of concrete in public works, and details supplied, the book will greatly assist engineers engaged upon such works."

The Builder:

"A very practical little book, carefully compiled, and one which all writers of specifications for concrete work would do well to peruse."

"The book contains reliable information for all engaged upon public works."

"A perusal of Mr. Newman's valuable little handbook will point out the importance of a more careful investigation of the subject than is usually supposed to be necessary."

AMERICAN PRESS.

Building:

"To accomplish so much in so limited a space, the subject-matter has been confined to chapters."

"We take pleasure in saying that this is the most admirable and complete handbook on concretes for engineers of which we have knowledge."

E. & F. N. SPON, 125, STRAND, LONDON.

Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

EARTHWORK SLIPS AND SUBSIDENCES UPON PUBLIC WORKS.

By JOHN NEWMAN, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E.

REVIEWS OF THE PRESS.

The Builder:

"We gladly welcome Mr. Newman's book on slips in earthworks as an important contribution to a right comprehension of such matters."

"There is much in this book that will at all events guide the mind of the student to the points‌—‌and there are many of them‌—‌which have to be weighed by designers of engineering works, and which, if attended to and fixed on the memory, will certainly guard them against probable if not against possible slips in earthwork."

"There is much to read, and read carefully, on all these points."

"He then presents us with sixteen maxims to be observed, where practicable, in the consideration of the location of earthworks (hints as to what should be avoided, which are of considerable value).... The capital cost of a work and the cost of its maintenance may both be very sensibly reduced by attention to all the points alluded to by the author."

"We are glad to see that the author enters at some length into the subject of the due provision of drainage at the backs of retaining walls, a matter so often neglected or overlooked, and carries this subject to a far larger one, the causes which tend to disturb the repose of dock walls. His remarks on these matters are well worthy of consideration, and are thoroughly practical, and the items which have to be taken into account in the necessary statical calculations very well introduced."

"In conclusion we may say that there is plenty of good useful information to be obtained from this work, which touches a subject possessing an exceedingly scanty vocabulary."

"It contains an immense deal of matter which must be swallowed sooner or later by every one who desires to be a good engineer."

&c. &c. &c. &c.

Building News:

"Mr. John Newman, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., has written a volume on a subject that has hitherto only been treated of cursorily."

"Useful advice is given which the railway engineer and earthwork contractor may profit by."

"The book contains a fund of useful information."

&c. &c. &c. &c.

Builder's Reporter and Engineering Times:

"The book which Mr. John Newman has written imparts a new interest to earthworks. It is in fact a sort of pathological treatise, and as such may be said to be unique among books on construction, for in them failures are rarely recognised. Now in Mr. Newman's volume the majority of the pages relate to failures, and from them the reader infers how they are to be avoided, and thus to form earthworks that will endure longer than those which are executed without much regard to risks."

"The manner of dealing with the subsidences when they occur, as well as providing against them, will be found described in the book."

"It can be said that the subject is thoroughly investigated, and contractors as well as engineers can learn much from Mr. Newman's book."

&c. &c. &c. &c.

E. & F. N. SPON, 125, STRAND, LONDON.

1891.

BOOKS RELATING TO APPLIED SCIENCE

PUBLISHED BY E. & F. N. SPON, LONDON: 125, STRAND. NEW YORK: 12, CORTLANDT STREET.

The Engineers' Sketch-Book of Mechanical Movements, Devices, Appliances, Contrivances, Details employed in the Design and Construction of Machinery for every purpose. Collected from numerous Sources and from Actual Work. Classified and Arranged for Reference. Nearly 2000 Illustrations. By T. B. Barber, Engineer. 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

A Pocket-Book for Chemists, Chemical Manufacturers, Metallurgists, Dyers, Distillers, Brewers, Sugar Refiners, Photographers, Students, etc., etc. By Thomas Bayley, Assoc. R.C. Sc. Ireland, Analytical and Consulting Chemist and Assayer. Fourth edition, with additions, 437 pp., royal 32mo, roan, gilt edges, 5s.

Synopsis of Contents:

Atomic Weights and Factors‌—‌Useful Data‌—‌Chemical Calculations‌—‌ Rules for Indirect Analysis‌—‌Weights and Measures‌—‌Thermometers and Barometers‌—‌Chemical Physics‌—‌Boiling Points, etc.‌—‌Solubility of Substances‌—‌Methods of Obtaining Specific Gravity‌—‌Conversion of Hydrometers‌—‌Strength of Solutions by Specific Gravity‌—‌Analysis‌—‌ Gas Analysis‌—‌Water Analysis‌—‌Qualitative Analysis and Reactions‌—‌ Volumetric Analysis‌—‌Manipulation‌—‌Mineralogy‌—‌Assaying‌—‌Alcohol‌—‌ Beer‌—‌Sugar‌—‌Miscellaneous Technological matter relating to Potash, Soda, Sulphuric Acid, Chlorine, Tar Products, Petroleum, Milk, Tallow, Photography, Prices, Wages, Appendix, etc., etc.

The Mechanician: A Treatise on the Construction and Manipulation of Tools, for the use and instruction of Young Engineers and Scientific Amateurs, comprising the Arts of Blacksmithing and Forging; the Construction and Manufacture of Hand Tools, and the various Methods of Using and Grinding them; description of Hand and Machine Processes; Turning and Screw Cutting. By Cameron Knight, Engineer. Containing 1147 illustrations, and 397 pages of letter-press. Fourth edition, 4to, cloth, 18s.

Just Published, in Demy 8vo, cloth, containing 975 pages and 250 Illustrations, price 7s. 6d.

SPONS' HOUSEHOLD MANUAL:

A Treasury of Domestic Receipts and Guide for Home Management.

PRINCIPAL CONTENTS.

Hints for selecting a good House, pointing out the essential requirements for a good house as to the Site, Soil, Trees, Aspect, Construction, and General Arrangement; with instructions for Reducing Echoes, Waterproofing Damp Walls, Curing Damp Cellars.

Sanitation.‌—‌What should constitute a good Sanitary Arrangement; Examples (with Illustrations) of Well- and Ill-drained Houses; How to Test Drains; Ventilating Pipes, etc.

Water Supply.‌—‌Care of Cisterns; Sources of Supply; Pipes; Pumps; Purification and Filtration of Water.

Ventilation and Warming.‌—‌Methods of Ventilating without causing cold draughts, by various means; Principles of Warming; Health Questions; Combustion; Open Grates; Open Stoves; Fuel Economisers; Varieties of Grates; Close-Fire Stoves; Hot-air Furnaces; Gas Heating; Oil Stoves; Steam Heating; Chemical Heaters; Management of Flues; and Cure of Smoky Chimneys.

Lighting.‌—‌The best methods of Lighting; Candles, Oil Lamps, Gas, Incandescent Gas, Electric Light; How to test Gas Pipes; Management of Gas.

Furniture and Decoration.‌—‌Hints on the Selection of Furniture; on the most approved methods of Modern Decoration; on the best methods of arranging Bells and Calls; How to Construct an Electric Bell.

Thieves and Fire.‌—‌Precautions against Thieves and Fire; Methods of Detection; Domestic Fire Escapes; Fireproofing Clothes, etc.

The Larder.‌—‌Keeping Food fresh for a limited time; Storing Food without change, such as Fruits, Vegetables, Eggs, Honey, etc.

Curing Foods for lengthened Preservation, as Smoking, Salting, Canning, Potting, Pickling, Bottling Fruits, etc.; Jams, Jellies, Marmalade, etc.

The Dairy.‌—‌The Building and Fitting of Dairies in the most approved modern style; Butter-making; Cheesemaking and Curing.

The Cellar.‌—‌Building and Fitting; Cleaning Casks and Bottles; Corks and Corking; Aërated Drinks; Syrups for Drinks; Beers; Bitters; Cordials and Liqueurs; Wines; Miscellaneous Drinks.

The Pantry.‌—‌Bread-making; Ovens and Pyrometers; Yeast; German Yeast; Biscuits; Cakes; Fancy Breads; Buns.

The Kitchen.‌—‌On Fitting Kitchens; a description of the best Cooking Ranges, close and open; the Management and Care of Hot Plates, Baking Ovens, Dampers, Flues, and Chimneys; Cooking by Gas; Cooking by Oil; the Arts of Roasting, Grilling, Boiling, Stewing, Braising, Frying.

Receipts for Dishes.‌—‌Soups, Fish, Meat, Game, Poultry, Vegetables, Salads, Puddings, Pastry, Confectionery, Ices, etc., etc.; Foreign Dishes.

The Housewife's Room.‌—‌Testing Air, Water, and Foods; Cleaning and Renovating; Destroying Vermin.

Housekeeping, Marketing.

The Dining-Room.‌—‌Dietetics; Laying and Waiting at Table: Carving; Dinners, Breakfasts, Luncheons, Teas, Suppers, etc.

The Drawing-Room.‌—‌Etiquette; Dancing; Amateur Theatricals; Tricks and Illusions; Games (indoor).

The Bedroom and Dressing-Room; Sleep; the Toilet; Dress; Buying Clothes; Outfits; Fancy Dress.

The Nursery.‌—‌The Room; Clothing; Washing; Exercise; Sleep; Feeding; Teething; Illness; Home Training.

The Sick-Room.‌—‌The Room; the Nurse; the Bed; Sick Room Accessories; Feeding Patients; Invalid Dishes and Drinks; Administering Physic; Domestic Remedies; Accidents and Emergencies; Bandaging; Burns; Carrying Injured Persons; Wounds; Drowning; Fits; Frost-bites; Poisons and Antidotes; Sunstroke; Common Complaints; Disinfection, etc.

The Bath-Room.‌—‌Bathing in General; Management of Hot-Water System.

The Laundry.‌—‌Small Domestic Washing Machines, and methods of getting up linen, Fitting up and Working a Steam Laundry.

The School-Room.‌—‌The Room and its Fittings; Teaching, etc.

The Playground.‌—‌Air and Exercise; Training; Outdoor Games and Sports.

The Workroom.‌—‌Darning, Patching, and Mending Garments.

The Library.‌—‌Care of Books.

The Garden.‌—‌Calendar of Operations for Lawn, Flower Garden, and Kitchen Garden.

The Farmyard.‌—‌Management of the Horse, Cow, Pig, Poultry, Bees, etc., etc.

Small Motors.‌—‌A description of the various small Engines useful for domestic purposes, from 1 man to 1 horse power, worked by various methods, such as Electric Engines, Gas Engines, Petroleum Engines, Steam Engines, Condensing Engines, Water Power, Wind Power, and the various methods of working and managing them.

Household Law.‌—‌The Law relating to Landlords and Tenants, Lodgers, Servants, Parochial Authorities, Juries, Insurance, Nuisance, etc.

On Designing Belt Gearing. By E. J. Cowling Welch, Mem. Inst. Mech. Engineers, Author of 'Designing Valve Gearing.' Fcap. 8vo, sewed, 6d.

A Handbook of Formulæ, Tables, and Memoranda, for Architectural Surveyors and others engaged in Building. By J. T. Hurst, C.E. Fourteenth edition, royal 32mo, roan, 5s.

"It is no disparagement to the many excellent publications we refer to, to say that in our opinion this little pocket-book of Hurst's is the very best of them all, without any exception. It would be useless to attempt a recapitulation of the contents, for it appears to contain almost everything that anyone connected with building could require, and, best of all, made up in a compact form for carrying in the pocket, measuring only 5 in. by 3 in., and about ¾ in. thick, in a limp cover. We congratulate the author on the success of his laborious and practically compiled little book, which has received unqualified and deserved praise from every professional person to whom we have shown it."‌—‌The Dublin Builder.

Tabulated Weights of Angle, Tee, Bulb, Round, Square, and Flat Iron and Steel, and other information for the use of Naval Architects and Shipbuilders. By C. H. Jordan, M.I.N.A. Fourth edition, 32mo, cloth, 2s. 6d.

A Complete Set of Contract Documents for a Country Lodge, comprising Drawings, Specifications, Dimensions (for quantities), Abstracts, Bill of Quantities, Form of Tender and Contract, with Notes by J. Leaning, printed in facsimile of the original documents, on single sheets fcap., in paper case, 10s.

A Practical Treatise on Heat, as applied to the Useful Arts; for the Use of Engineers, Architects, &c. By Thomas Box. With 14 plates. Sixth edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

A Descriptive Treatise on Mathematical Drawing Instruments: their construction, uses, qualities, selection, preservation, and suggestions for improvements, with hints upon Drawing and Colouring. By W. F. Stanley, M.R.I. Sixth edition, with numerous illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Quantity Surveying. By J. Leaning. With 42 illustrations. Second edition, revised, crown 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Contents.

A complete Explanation of the London Practice.

General Instructions.

Order of Taking Off.

Modes of Measurement of the various Trades.

Use and Waste.

Ventilation and Warming.

Credits, with various Examples of Treatment.

Abbreviations.

Squaring the Dimensions.

Abstracting, with Examples in illustration of each Trade.

Billing.

Examples of Preambles to each Trade.

Form for a Bill of Quantities.

Do. Bill of Credits.

Do. Bill for Alternative Estimate.

Restorations and Repairs, and Form of Bill.

Variations before Acceptance of Tender.

Errors in a Builder's Estimate.

Schedule of Prices.

Form of Schedule of Prices.

Analysis of Schedule of Prices.

Adjustment of Accounts.

Form of a Bill of Variations.

Remarks on Specifications.

Prices and Valuation of Work, with Examples and Remarks upon each Trade.

The Law as it affects Quantity Surveyors, with Law Reports.

Taking Off after the Old Method.

Northern Practice. The General Statement of the Methods recommended by the Manchester Society of Architects for taking Quantities.

Examples of Collections.

Examples of "Taking Off" in each Trade.

Remarks on the Past and Present Methods of Estimating.

Spons' Architects' and Builders' Price Book, with useful Memoranda. Edited by W. Young, Architect. Crown 8vo, cloth, red edges, 3s. 6d. Published annually. Seventeenth edition. Now ready.

Long-Span Railway Bridges, comprising Investigations of the Comparative Theoretical and Practical Advantages of the various adopted or proposed Type Systems of Construction, with numerous Formulæ and Tables giving the weight of Iron or Steel required in Bridges from 300 feet to the limiting Spans; to which are added similar Investigations and Tables relating to Short-span Railway Bridges. Second and revised edition. By B. Baker, Assoc. Inst. C.E. Plates, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Elementary Theory and Calculation of Iron Bridges and Roofs. By August Ritter, Ph.D., Professor at the Polytechnic School at Aix-la-Chapelle. Translated from the third German edition, by H. R. Sankey, Capt. R.E. With 500 illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 15s.

The Elementary Principles of Carpentry. By Thomas Tredgold. Revised from the original edition, and partly re-written, by John Thomas Hurst. Contained in 517 pages of letter-press, and illustrated with 48 plates and 150 wood engravings. Sixth edition, reprinted from the third, crown 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Section I. On the Equality and Distribution of Forces‌—‌Section II. Resistance of Timber‌—‌Section III. Construction of Floors‌—‌Section IV. Construction of Roofs‌—‌Section V. Construction of Domes and Cupolas‌—‌Section VI. Construction of Partitions‌—‌Section VII. Scaffolds, Staging, and Gantries‌—‌Section VIII. Construction of Centres for Bridges‌—‌Section IX. Coffer-dams, Shoring, and Strutting‌—‌Section X. Wooden Bridges and Viaducts‌—‌Section XI. Joints, Straps, and other Fastenings‌—‌Section XII. Timber.

The Builder's Clerk: a Guide to the Management of a Builder's Business. By Thomas Bales. Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 1s. 6d.

Practical Gold-Mining: a Comprehensive Treatise on the Origin and Occurrence of Gold-bearing Gravels, Rocks and Ores, and the methods by which the Gold is extracted. By C. G. Warnford Lock, co-Author of 'Gold: its Occurrence and Extraction.' With 8 plates and 275 engravings in the text, royal 8vo, cloth, 2l. 2s.

Hot Water Supply: A Practical Treatise upon the Fitting of Circulating Apparatus in connection with Kitchen Range and other Boilers, to supply Hot Water for Domestic and General Purposes. With a Chapter upon Estimating. Fully illustrated, crown 8vo, cloth, 3s.

Hot Water Apparatus: An Elementary Guide for the Fitting and Fixing of Boilers and Apparatus for the Circulation of Hot Water for Heating and for Domestic Supply, and containing a Chapter upon Boilers and Fittings for Steam Cooking. 32 illustrations, fcap. 8vo, cloth, 1s. 6d.

The Use and Misuse, and the Proper and Improper Fixing of a Cooking Range. Illustrated, fcap. 8vo, sewed, 6d.

Iron Roofs: Examples of Design, Description. Illustrated with 64 Working Drawings of Executed Roofs. By Arthur T. Walmisley, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. Second edition, revised, imp. 4to, half-morocco, 3l. 3s.

A History of Electric Telegraphy, to the Year 1837. Chiefly compiled from Original Sources, and hitherto Unpublished Documents, by J. J. Fahie, Mem. Soc. of Tel. Engineers, and of the International Society of Electricians, Paris. Crown 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Spons' Information for Colonial Engineers. Edited by J. T. Hurst. Demy 8vo, sewed.

No. 1. Ceylon. By Abraham Deane, C.E. 2s. 6d.

Contents:

Introductory Remarks‌—‌Natural Productions‌—‌Architecture and Engineering‌—‌Topography, Trade, and Natural History‌—‌Principal Stations‌—‌Weights and Measures, etc., etc.

No. 2. Southern Africa, including the Cape Colony, Natal, and the Dutch Republics. By Henry Hall, F.R.G.S., F.R.C.I. With Map. 3s. 6d.

Contents:

General Description of South Africa‌—‌Physical Geography with reference to Engineering Operations‌—‌Notes on Labour and Material in Cape Colony‌—‌Geological Notes on Rock Formation in South Africa‌—‌Engineering Instruments for Use in South Africa‌—‌Principal Public Works in Cape Colony: Railways, Mountain Roads and Passes, Harbour Works, Bridges, Gas Works, Irrigation and Water Supply, Lighthouses, Drainage and Sanitary Engineering, Public Buildings, Mines‌—‌Table of Woods in South Africa‌—‌Animals used for Draught Purposes‌—‌Statistical Notes‌—‌Table of Distances‌—‌Rates of Carriage, etc.

No. 3. India. By F. C. Danvers, Assoc. Inst. C.E. With Map. 4s. 6d.

Contents:

Physical Geography of India‌—‌Building Materials‌—‌Roads‌—‌Railways‌—‌ Bridges‌—‌Irrigation‌—‌River Works‌—‌Harbours‌—‌Lighthouse Buildings‌—‌ Native Labour‌—‌The Principal Trees of India‌—‌Money‌—‌Weights and Measures‌—‌Glossary of Indian Terms, etc.

Our Factories, Workshops, and Warehouses: their Sanitary and Fire-Resisting Arrangements. By B. H. Thwaite, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. With 183 wood engravings, crown 8vo, cloth, 9s.

A Practical Treatise on Coal Mining. By George G. André, F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E., Member of the Society of Engineers. With 82 lithographic plates. 2 vols., royal 4to, cloth, 3l. 12s.

A Practical Treatise on Casting and Founding, including descriptions of the modern machinery employed in the art. By N. E. Spretson, Engineer. Fifth edition, with 82 plates drawn to scale, 412 pp., demy 8vo, cloth, 18s.

A Handbook of Electrical Testing. By H. R. Kempe, M.S.T.E. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, cloth, 16s.

The Clerk of Works: a Vade-Mecum for all engaged in the Superintendence of Building Operations. By G. G. Hoskins, F.R.I.B.A. Third edition, fcap. 8vo, cloth, 1s. 6d.

American Foundry Practice: Treating of Loam, Dry Sand, and Green Sand Moulding, and containing a Practical Treatise upon the Management of Cupolas, and the Melting of Iron. By T. D. West, Practical Iron Moulder and Foundry Foreman. Second edition, with numerous illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

The Maintenance of Macadamised Roads. By T. Codrington, M.I.C.E., F.G.S., General Superintendent of County Roads for South Wales. Second edition. 8vo.[Nearly ready.

Hydraulic Steam and Hand Power Lifting and Pressing Machinery. By Frederick Colyer, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. M.E. With 73 plates, 8vo, cloth, 18s.

Pumps and Pumping Machinery. By F. Colyer, M.I.C.E., M.I.M.E. With 23 folding plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Pumps and Pumping Machinery. By F. Colyer. Second Part. With 11 large plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

A Treatise on the Origin, Progress, Prevention, and Cure of Dry Rot in Timber; with Remarks on the Means of Preserving Wood from Destruction by Sea-Worms, Beetles, Ants, etc. By Thomas Allen Britton, late Surveyor to the Metropolitan Board of Works, etc., etc. With 10 plates, crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

The Artillery of the Future and the New Powders. By J. A. Longridge, Mem. Inst. C.E. 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Gas Works: their Arrangement, Construction, Plant, and Machinery. By F. Colyer, M. Inst. C.E. With 31 folding plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

The Municipal and Sanitary Engineer's Handbook. By H. Percy Boulnois, Mem. Inst. C.E., Borough Engineer, Portsmouth. With numerous illustrations. Second edition, demy 8vo, cloth.

Contents:

The Appointment and Duties of the Town Surveyor‌—‌Traffic‌—‌Macadamised Roadways‌—‌Steam Rolling‌—‌Road Metal and Breaking‌—‌Pitched Pavements ‌—‌Asphalte‌—‌Wood Pavements‌—‌Footpaths‌—‌Kerbs and Gutters‌—‌Street Naming and Numbering‌—‌Street Lighting‌—‌Sewerage‌—‌Ventilation of Sewers‌—‌Disposal of Sewage‌—‌House Drainage‌—‌Disinfection‌—‌Gas and Water Companies, etc., Breaking up Streets‌—‌Improvement of Private Streets‌—‌Borrowing Powers‌—‌Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings‌—‌ Public Conveniences‌—‌Scavenging, including Street Cleansing‌—‌ Watering and the Removing of Snow‌—‌Planting Street Trees‌—‌Deposit of Plans‌—‌Dangerous Buildings‌—‌Hoardings‌—‌Obstructions‌—‌Improving Street Lines‌—‌Cellar Openings‌—‌Public Pleasure Grounds‌—‌Cemeteries ‌—‌Mortuaries‌—‌Cattle and Ordinary Markets‌—‌Public Slaughter-houses, etc.‌—‌Giving numerous Forms of Notices, Specifications, and General Information upon these and other subjects of great importance to Municipal Engineers and others engaged in Sanitary Work.

Metrical Tables. By Sir G. L. Molesworth, M.I.C.E. 32mo, cloth, 1s. 6d.

Contents:

General‌—‌Linear Measures‌—‌Square Measures‌—‌Cubic Measures‌—‌Measures of Capacity‌—‌Weights‌—‌Combinations‌—‌Thermometers.

Elements of Construction for Electro-Magnets. By Count Th. Du Moncel, Mem. de l'Institut de France. Translated from the French by C. J. Wharton. Crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

A Treatise on the Use of Belting for the Transmission of Power. By J. H. Cooper. Second edition, illustrated, 8vo, cloth, 15s.

A Pocket-Book of Useful Formulæ and Memoranda for Civil and Mechanical Engineers. By Sir Guilford L. Molesworth, Mem. Inst. C.E. With numerous illustrations, 744 pp. Twenty-second edition, 32mo, roan, 6s.

Synopsis of Contents:

Surveying, Levelling, etc.‌—‌Strength and Weight of Materials‌—‌ Earthwork, Brickwork, Masonry, Arches, etc.‌—‌Struts, Columns, Beams, and Trusses‌—‌Flooring, Roofing, and Roof Trusses‌—‌Girders, Bridges, etc.‌—‌Railways and Roads‌—‌Hydraulic Formulæ‌—‌Canals, Sewers, Waterworks, Docks‌—‌Irrigation and Breakwaters‌—‌Gas, Ventilation, and Warming‌—‌Heat, Light, Colour, and Sound‌—‌Gravity: Centres, Forces, and Powers‌—‌Millwork, Teeth of Wheels, Shafting, etc.‌—‌Workshop Recipes‌—‌Sundry Machinery‌—‌Animal Power‌—‌Steam and the Steam Engine‌—‌Water-power, Water-wheels, Turbines, etc.‌—‌Wind and Windmills‌—‌Steam Navigation, Ship Building, Tonnage, etc.‌—‌ Gunnery, Projectiles, etc.‌—‌Weights, Measures, and Money‌—‌ Trigonometry, Conic Sections, and Curves‌—‌Telegraphy‌—‌Mensuration ‌—‌Tables of Areas and Circumference, and Arcs of Circles‌—‌ Logarithms, Square and Cube Roots, Powers‌—‌Reciprocals, etc.‌—‌ Useful Numbers‌—‌Differential and Integral Calculus‌—‌Algebraic Signs‌—‌Telegraphic Construction and Formulæ.

Hints on Architectural Draughtsmanship. By G. W. Tuxford Hallatt. Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 1s. 6d.

Spons' Tables and Memoranda for Engineers; selected and arranged by J. T. Hurst, C.E., Author of 'Architectural Surveyors' Handbook,' 'Hurst's Tredgold's Carpentry,' etc. Eleventh edition, 64mo, roan, gilt edges, 1s.; or in cloth case, 1s. 6d.

This work is printed in a pearl type, and is so small, measuring only 2½ in. by 1¾ in. by ¼ in. thick, that it may be easily carried in the waistcoat pocket.

"It is certainly an extremely rare thing for a reviewer to be called upon to notice a volume measuring but 2½ in. by 1¾ in., yet these dimensions faithfully represent the size of the handy little book before us. The volume‌—‌which contains 118 printed pages, besides a few blank pages for memoranda‌—‌is, in fact, a true pocket-book, adapted for being carried in the waistcoat pocket, and containing a far greater amount and variety of information than most people would imagine could be compressed into so small a space.... The little volume has been compiled with considerable care and judgment, and we can cordially recommend it to our readers as a useful little pocket companion."‌—‌Engineering.

A Practical Treatise on Natural and Artificial Concrete, its Varieties and Constructive Adaptations. By Henry Reid, Author of the 'Science and Art of the Manufacture of Portland Cement.' New Edition, with 59 woodcuts and 5 plates, 8vo, cloth, 15s.

Notes on Concrete and Works in Concrete; especially written to assist those engaged upon Public Works. By John Newman, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

Electricity as a Motive Power. By Count Th. Du Moncel, Membre de l'Institut de France, and Frank Geraldy, Ingénieur des Ponts et Chaussées. Translated and Edited, with Additions, by C. J. Wharton, Assoc. Soc. Tel. Eng. and Elec. With 113 engravings and diagrams, crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Treatise on Valve-Gears, with special consideration of the Link-Motions of Locomotive Engines. By Dr. Gustav Zeuner, Professor of Applied Mechanics at the Confederated Polytechnikum of Zurich. Translated from the Fourth German Edition, by Professor J. F. Klein, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa. Illustrated, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

The French-Polisher's Manual. By a French-Polisher; containing Timber Staining, Washing, Matching, Improving, Painting, Imitations, Directions for Staining, Sizing, Embodying, Smoothing, Spirit Varnishing, French-Polishing, Directions for Re-polishing. Third edition, royal 32mo, sewed, 6d.

Hops, their Cultivation, Commerce, and Uses in various Countries. By P. L. Simmonds. Crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

The Principles of Graphic Statics. By George Sydenham Clarke, Major Royal Engineers. With 112 illustrations. Second edition, 4to, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Dynamo Tenders' Hand-Book. By F. B. Badt, late 1st Lieut. Royal Prussian Artillery. With 70 illustrations. Third edition, 18mo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

Practical Geometry, Perspective, and Engineering Drawing; a Course of Descriptive Geometry adapted to the Requirements of the Engineering Draughtsman, including the determination of cast shadows and Isometric Projection, each chapter being followed by numerous examples; to which are added rules for Shading, Shade-lining, etc., together with practical instructions as to the Lining, Colouring, Printing, and general treatment of Engineering Drawings, with a chapter on drawing Instruments. By George S. Clarke, Capt. R.E. Second edition, with 21 plates. 2 vols., cloth, 10s. 6d.

The Elements of Graphic Statics. By Professor Karl Von Ott, translated from the German by G. S. Clarke, Capt. R.E., Instructor in Mechanical Drawing, Royal Indian Engineering College. With 93 illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

A Practical Treatise on the Manufacture and Distribution of Coal Gas. By William Richards. Demy 4to, with numerous wood engravings and 29 plates, cloth, 28s.

Synopsis of Contents:

Introduction‌—‌History of Gas Lighting‌—‌Chemistry of Gas Manufacture, by Lewis Thompson, Esq., M.R.C.S.‌—‌Coal, with Analyses, by J. Paterson, Lewis Thompson, and G. R. Hislop, Esqrs.‌—‌Retorts, Iron and Clay‌—‌Retort Setting‌—‌Hydraulic Main‌—‌Condensers‌—‌Exhausters‌—‌ Washers and Scrubbers‌—‌Purifiers‌—‌Purification‌—‌History of Gas Holder‌—‌Tanks, Brick and Stone, Composite, Concrete, Cast-iron, Compound Annular Wrought-iron‌—‌Specifications‌—‌Gas Holders‌—‌ Station Meter‌—‌Governor‌—‌Distribution‌—‌Mains‌—‌Gas Mathematics, or Formulæ for the Distribution of Gas, by Lewis Thompson, Esq.‌—‌Services‌—‌Consumers' Meters‌—‌Regulators‌—‌Burners‌—‌Fittings‌—‌ Photometer‌—‌Carburization of Gas‌—‌Air Gas and Water Gas‌—‌ Composition of Coal Gas, by Lewis Thompson, Esq.‌—‌Analyses of Gas‌—‌Influence of Atmospheric Pressure and Temperature on Gas‌—‌Residual Products‌—‌Appendix‌—‌Description of Retort Settings, Buildings, etc., etc.

The New Formula for Mean Velocity of Discharge of Rivers and Canals. By W. R. Kutter. Translated from articles in the 'Cultur-Ingénieur,' by Lowis D'A. Jackson, Assoc. Inst. C.E. 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

The Practical Millwright and Engineers Ready Reckoner; or Tables for finding the diameter and power of cog-wheels, diameter, weight, and power of shafts, diameter and strength of bolts, etc. By Thomas Dixon. Fourth edition, 12mo, cloth, 3s.

Tin: Describing the Chief Methods of Mining, Dressing and Smelting it abroad; with Notes upon Arsenic, Bismuth and Wolfram. By Arthur G. Charleton, Mem. American Inst. of Mining Engineers. With plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Perspective, Explained and Illustrated. By G. S. Clarke, Capt. R.E. With illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d.

Practical Hydraulics; a Series of Rules and Tables for the use of Engineers, etc., etc. By Thomas Box. Ninth edition, numerous plates, post 8vo, cloth, 5s.

The Essential Elements of Practical Mechanics; based on the Principle of Work, designed for Engineering Students. By Oliver Byrne, formerly Professor of Mathematics, College for Civil Engineers. Third edition, with 148 wood engravings, post 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Contents:

Chap. 1. How Work is Measured by a Unit, both with and without reference to a Unit of Time‌—‌Chap. 2. The Work of Living Agents, the Influence of Friction, and introduces one of the most beautiful Laws of Motion‌—‌Chap. 3. The principles expounded in the first and second chapters are applied to the Motion of Bodies‌—‌Chap. 4. The Transmission of Work by simple Machines‌—‌Chap. 5. Useful Propositions and Rules.

Breweries and Maltings: their Arrangement, Construction, Machinery, and Plant. By G. Scamell, F.R.I.B.A. Second edition, revised, enlarged, and partly rewritten. By F. Colyer, M.I.C.E., M.I.M.E. With 20 plates, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

A Practical Treatise on the Construction of Horizontal and Vertical Waterwheels, specially designed for the use of operative mechanics. By William Cullen, Millwright and Engineer. With 11 plates. Second edition, revised and enlarged, small 4to, cloth, 12s. 6d.

A Practical Treatise on Mill-gearing, Wheels, Shafts, Riggers, etc.; for the use of Engineers. By Thomas Box. Third edition, with 11 plates. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Mining Machinery: a Descriptive Treatise on the Machinery, Tools, and other Appliances used in Mining. By G. G. André, F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E., Mem. of the Society of Engineers. Royal 4to, uniform with the Author's Treatise on Coal Mining, containing 182 plates, accurately drawn to scale, with descriptive text, in 2 vols., cloth, 3l. 12s.

Contents:

Machinery for Prospecting, Excavating, Hauling, and Hoisting‌—‌ Ventilation‌—‌Pumping‌—‌Treatment of Mineral Products, including Gold and Silver, Copper, Tin, and Lead, Iron, Coal Sulphur, China Clay, Brick Earth, etc.

Tables for Setting out Curves for Railways, Canals, Roads, etc., varying from a radius of five chains to three miles. By A. Kennedy and R. W. Hackwood. Illustrated 32mo, cloth, 2s. 6d.

Practical Electrical Notes and Definitions for the use of Engineering Students and Practical Men. By W. Perren Maycock, Assoc. M. Inst. E.E., Instructor in Electrical Engineering at the Pitlake Institute, Croydon, together with the Rules and Regulations to be observed in Electrical Installation Work. Second edition. Royal 32mo, roan, gilt edges, 4s. 6d.

The Draughtsman's Handbook of Plan and Map Drawing; including instructions for the preparation of Engineering, Architectural, and Mechanical Drawings. With numerous illustrations in the text, and 33 plates (15 printed in colours). By G. G. André, F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E. 4to, cloth, 9s.

Contents:

The Drawing Office and its Furnishings‌—‌Geometrical Problems‌—‌ Lines, Dots, and their Combinations‌—‌Colours, Shading, Lettering, Bordering, and North Points‌—‌Scales‌—‌Plotting‌—‌Civil Engineers' and Surveyors' Plans‌—‌Map Drawing‌—‌Mechanical and Architectural Drawing‌—‌Copying and Reducing Trigonometrical Formulæ, etc., etc.

The Boiler-maker's and Iron Ship-builder's Companion, comprising a series of original and carefully calculated tables, of the utmost utility to persons interested in the iron trades. By James Foden, author of 'Mechanical Tables,' etc. Second edition revised, with illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Rock Blasting: a Practical Treatise on the means employed in Blasting Rocks for Industrial Purposes. By G. G. André, F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E. With 56 illustrations and 12 plates, 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

Experimental Science: Elementary, Practical, and Experimental Physics. By Geo. M. Hopkins. Illustrated by 672 engravings. In one large vol., 8vo, cloth, 18s.

A Treatise on Ropemaking as practised in public and private Rope-yards, with a Description of the Manufacture, Rules, Tables of Weights, etc., adapted to the Trade, Shipping, Mining, Railways, Builders, etc. By R. Chapman, formerly foreman to Messrs. Huddart and Co., Limehouse, and late Master Ropemaker to H. M. Dockyard, Deptford. Second edition, 12mo, cloth, 3s.

Laxton's Builders' and Contractors' Tables; for the use of Engineers, Architects, Surveyors, Builders, Land Agents, and others. Bricklayer, containing 22 tables, with nearly 30,000 calculations. 4to, cloth, 5s.

Laxton's Builders' and Contractors' Tables. Excavator, Earth, Land, Water, and Gas, containing 53 tables, with nearly 24,000 calculations. 4to, cloth, 5s.

Egyptian Irrigation. By W. Willcocks, M.I.C.E., Indian Public Works Department, Inspector of Irrigation, Egypt. With Introduction by Lieut.-Col. J. C. Ross, R.E., Inspector-General of Irrigation. With numerous lithographs and wood engravings, royal 8vo, cloth, 1l. 16s.

Screw Cutting Tables for Engineers and Machinists, giving the values of the different trains of Wheels required to produce Screws of any pitch, calculated by Lord Lindsay, M.P., F.R.S., F.R.A.S., etc. Cloth, oblong, 2s.

Screw Cutting Tables, for the use of Mechanical Engineers, showing the proper arrangement of Wheels for cutting the Threads of Screws of any required pitch, with a Table for making the Universal Gas-pipe Threads and Taps. By W. A. Martin, Engineer. Second, edition, oblong, cloth, 1s., or sewed, 6d.

A Treatise on a Practical Method of Designing Slide-Valve Gears by Simple Geometrical Construction, based upon the principles enunciated in Euclid's Elements, and comprising the various forms of Plain Slide-Valve and Expansion Gearing; together with Stephenson's, Gooch's, and Allan's Link-Motions, as applied either to reversing or to variable expansion combinations. By Edward J. Cowling Welch, Memb. Inst. Mechanical Engineers. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s.

Cleaning and Scouring: a Manual for Dyers, Laundresses, and for Domestic Use. By S. Christopher. 18mo, sewed, 6d.

A Glossary of Terms used in Coal Mining. By William Stukeley Gresley, Assoc. Mem. Inst C.E., F.G.S., Member of the North of England Institute of Mining Engineers. Illustrated with numerous woodcuts and diagrams, crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

A Pocket-Book for Boiler Makers and Steam Users, comprising a variety of useful information for Employer and Workman, Government Inspectors, Board of Trade Surveyors, Engineers in charge of Works and Slips, Foremen of Manufactories, and the general Steam-using Public. By Maurice John Sexton. Second edition, royal 32mo, roan, gilt edges, 5s.

Electrolysis: a Practical Treatise on Nickeling, Coppering, Gilding, Silvering, the Refining of Metals, and the treatment of Ores by means of Electricity. By Hippolyte Fontaine, translated from the French by J. A. Berly, C.E., Assoc. S.T.E. With engravings. 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Barlow's Tables of Squares, Cubes, Square Roots, Cube Roots, Reciprocals of all Integer Numbers up to 10,000. Post 8vo, cloth, 6s.

A Practical Treatise on the Steam Engine, containing Plans and Arrangements of Details for Fixed Steam Engines, with Essays on the Principles involved in Design and Construction. By Arthur Rigg, Engineer, Member of the Society of Engineers and of the Royal Institution of Great Britain. Demy 4to, copiously illustrated with woodcuts and 96 plates, in one Volume, half-bound morocco, 2l. 2s.; or cheaper edition, cloth, 25s.

This work is not, in any sense, an elementary treatise, or history of the steam engine, but is intended to describe examples of Fixed Steam Engines without entering into the wide domain of locomotive or marine practice. To this end illustrations will be given of the most recent arrangements of Horizontal, Vertical, Beam, Pumping, Winding, Portable, Semi-portable, Corliss, Allen, Compound, and other similar Engines, by the most eminent Firms in Great Britain and America. The laws relating to the action and precautions to be observed in the construction of the various details, such as Cylinders, Pistons, Piston-rods, Connecting-rods, Cross-heads, Motion-blocks, Eccentrics, Simple, Expansion, Balanced, and Equilibrium Slide-valves, and Valve-gearing will be minutely dealt with. In this connection will be found articles upon the Velocity of Reciprocating Parts and the Mode of Applying the Indicator, Heat and Expansion of Steam Governors, and the like. It is the writer's desire to draw illustrations from every possible source, and give only those rules that present practice deems correct.

A Practical Treatise on the Science of Land and Engineering Surveying, Levelling, Estimating Quantities, etc., with a general description of the several Instruments required for Surveying, Levelling, Plotting, etc. By H. S. Merrett. Fourth edition, revised by G. W. Usill, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E. 41 plates, with illustrations and tables, royal 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Principal Contents:

Part 1. Introduction and the Principles of Geometry. Part 2. Land Surveying; comprising General Observations‌—‌The Chain‌—‌Offsets Surveying by the Chain only‌—‌Surveying Hilly Ground‌—‌To Survey an Estate or Parish by the Chain only‌—‌Surveying with the Theodolite ‌—‌Mining and Town Surveying‌—‌Railroad Surveying‌—‌Mapping‌—‌ Division and Laying out of Land‌—‌Observations on Enclosures‌—‌ Plane Trigonometry. Part 3. Levelling‌—‌Simple and Compound Levelling‌—‌The Level Book‌—‌Parliamentary Plan and Section‌—‌ Levelling with a Theodolite‌—‌Gradients‌—‌Wooden Curves‌—‌To Lay out a Railway Curve‌—‌Setting out Widths. Part 4. Calculating Quantities generally for Estimates‌—‌Cuttings and Embankments‌—‌ Tunnels‌—‌Brickwork‌—‌Ironwork‌—‌Timber Measuring. Part 5. Description and Use of Instruments in Surveying and Plotting‌—‌ The Improved Dumpy Level‌—‌Troughton's Level‌—‌The Prismatic Compass‌—‌Proportional Compass‌—‌Box Sextant‌—‌Vernier‌—‌Pantagraph‌—‌ Merrett's Improved Quadrant‌—‌Improved Computation Scale‌—‌The Diagonal Scale‌—‌Straight Edge and Sector. Part 6. Logarithms of Numbers‌—‌Logarithmic Sines and Co-Sines, Tangents and Co-Tangents ‌—‌Natural Sines and Co-Sines‌—‌Tables for Earthwork, for Setting out Curves, and for various Calculations, etc., etc., etc.

Mechanical Graphics. A Second Course of Mechanical Drawing. With Preface by Prof. Perry, B.Sc., F.R.S. Arranged for use in Technical and Science and Art Institutes, Schools and Colleges, by George Halliday, Whitworth Scholar. 8vo, cloth, 6s.

The Assayers Manual: an Abridged Treatise on the Docimastic Examination of Ores and Furnace and other Artificial Products. By Bruno Kerl. Translated by W. T. Brannt. With 65 illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Dynamo-Electric Machinery: a Text-Book for Students of Electro-Technology. By Silvanus P. Thompson, B.A., D.Sc., M.S.T.E.[New edition in the press.

The Practice of Hand Turning in Wood, Ivory, Shell, etc., with Instructions for Turning such Work in Metal as may be required in the Practice of Turning in Wood, Ivory, etc.; also an Appendix on Ornamental Turning. (A book for beginners.) By Francis Campin. Third edition, with wood engravings, crown 8vo, cloth, 6s.

Contents:

On Lathes‌—‌Turning Tools‌—‌Turning Wood‌—‌Drilling‌—‌Screw Cutting‌—‌ Miscellaneous Apparatus and Processes‌—‌Turning Particular Forms‌—‌ Staining‌—‌Polishing‌—‌Spinning Metals‌—‌Materials‌—‌Ornamental Turning, etc.

Treatise on Watchwork, Past and Present. By the Rev. H. L. Nelthropp, M.A., F.S.A. With 32 illustrations, crown 8vo, cloth, 6s. 6d.

Contents:

Definitions of Words and Terms used in Watchwork‌—‌Tools‌—‌Time‌—‌ Historical Summary‌—‌On Calculations of the Numbers for Wheels and Pinions; their Proportional Sizes, Trains, etc.‌—‌Of Dial Wheels, or Motion Work‌—‌Length of Time of Going without Winding up‌—‌The Verge‌—‌The Horizontal‌—‌The Duplex‌—‌The Lever‌—‌The Chronometer‌—‌ Repeating Watches‌—‌Keyless Watches‌—‌The Pendulum, or Spiral Spring‌—‌ Compensation‌—‌Jewelling of Pivot Holes‌—‌Clerkenwell‌—‌Fallacies of the Trade‌—‌Incapacity of Workmen‌—‌How to Choose and Use a Watch, etc.

Algebra Self-Taught. By W. P. Higgs, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D., Assoc. Inst C.E., Author of 'A Handbook of the Differential Calculus,' etc. Second edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d.

Contents:

Symbols and the Signs of Operation‌—‌The Equation and the Unknown Quantity‌—‌Positive and Negative Quantities‌—‌Multiplication‌—‌ Involution‌—‌Exponents‌—‌Negative Exponents‌—‌Roots, and the Use of Exponents as Logarithms‌—‌Logarithms‌—‌Tables of Logarithms and Proportionate Parts‌—‌Transformation of System of Logarithms‌—‌ Common Uses of Common Logarithms‌—‌Compound Multiplication and the Binomial Theorem‌—‌Division, Fractions, and Ratio‌—‌Continued Proportion‌—‌The Series and the Summation of the Series‌—‌Limit of Series‌—‌Square and Cube Roots‌—‌Equations‌—‌List of Formulæ, etc.

Spons' Dictionary of Engineering, Civil, Mechanical, Military, and Naval; with technical terms in French, German, Italian, and Spanish, 3100 pp., and nearly 8000 engravings, in super-royal 8vo, in 8 divisions, 5l. 8s. Complete in 3 vols., cloth, 5l. 5s. Bound in a superior manner, half-morocco, top edge gilt, 3 vols., 6l. 12s.

Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Compiled principally for the use of the Students attending the Classes on this subject at the City of London College. By Henry Adams, Mem. Inst. M.E., Mem. Inst. C.E., Mem. Soc. of Engineers. Crown 8vo, cloth, 2s. 6d.

Canoe and Boat Building: a complete Manual for Amateurs, containing plain and comprehensive directions for the construction of Canoes, Rowing and Sailing Boats, and Hunting Craft. By W. P. Stephens. With numerous illustrations and 24 plates of Working Drawings. Crown 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Proceedings of the National Conference of Electricians, Philadelphia, October 8th to 13th, 1884. 18mo, cloth, 3s.

Dynamo-Electricity, its Generation, Application, Transmission, Storage, and Measurement. By G. B. Prescott. With 545 illustrations. 8vo, cloth, 1l. 1s.

Domestic Electricity for Amateurs. Translated from the French of E. Hospitalier, Editor of "L'Electricien," by C. J. Wharton, Assoc. Soc. Tel. Eng. Numerous illustrations. Demy 8vo, cloth, 6s.

Contents:

1. Production of the Electric Current‌—‌2. Electric Bells‌—‌3. Automatic Alarms‌—‌4. Domestic Telephones‌—‌5. Electric Clocks‌—‌6. Electric Lighters‌—‌7. Domestic Electric Lighting‌—‌8. Domestic Application of the Electric Light‌—‌9. Electric Motors‌—‌10. Electrical Locomotion‌—‌11. Electrotyping, Plating, and Gilding‌—‌12. Electric Recreations‌—‌13. Various applications‌—‌Workshop of the Electrician.

Wrinkles in Electric Lighting. By Vincent Stephen. With illustrations. 18mo, cloth, 2s. 6d.

Contents:

1. The Electric Current and its production by Chemical means‌—‌2. Production of Electric Currents by Mechanical means‌—‌3. Dynamo-Electric Machines‌—‌4. Electric Lamps‌—‌5. Lead‌—‌6. Ship Lighting.

Foundations and Foundation Walls for all classes of Buildings, Pile Driving, Building Stones and Bricks, Pier and Wall construction, Mortars, Limes, Cements, Concretes, Stuccos, &c. 64 illustrations. By G. T. Powell and F. Bauman. 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

Manual for Gas Engineering Students. By D. Lee. 18mo, cloth, 1s.

Telephones, their Construction and Management. By F. C. Allsop. Crown 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Hydraulic Machinery, Past and Present. A Lecture delivered to the London and Suburban Railway Officials' Association. By H. Adams, Mem. Inst. C.E. Folding plate. 8vo, sewed, 1s.

Twenty Years with the Indicator. By Thomas Pray, Jun., C.E., M.E., Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. 2 vols., royal 8vo, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Annual Statistical Report of the Secretary to the Members of the Iron and Steel Association on the Home and Foreign Iron and Steel Industries in 1889. Issued June 1890. 8vo, sewed, 5s.

Bad Drains, and How to Test them; with Notes on the Ventilation of Sewers, Drains, and Sanitary Fittings, and the Origin and Transmission of Zymotic Disease. By R. Harris Reeves. Crown 8vo, cloth, 3s. 6d.

Well Sinking. The modern practice of Sinking and Boring Wells, with geological considerations and examples of Wells. By Ernest Spon, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., Mem. Soc. Eng., and of the Franklin Inst., etc. Second edition, revised and enlarged. Crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

The Voltaic Accumulator: an Elementary Treatise. By Émile Reynier. Translated by J. A. Berly, Assoc. Inst. E.E. With 62 illustrations, 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Ten Years' Experience in Works of Intermittent Downward Filtration. By J. Bailey Denton, Mem. Inst. C.E. Second edition, with additions. Royal 8vo, cloth, 5s.

Land Surveying on the Meridian and Perpendicular System. By William Penman, C.E. 8vo, cloth, 8s. 6d.

The Electromagnet and Electromagnetic Mechanism. By Silvanus P. Thompson, D.Sc., F.R.S. 8vo, cloth, 15s.

Incandescent Wiring Hand-Book. By F. B. Badt, late 1st Lieut. Royal Prussian Artillery. With 41 illustrations and 5 tables. 18mo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

A Pocket-book for Pharmacists, Medical Practitioners, Students, etc., etc. (British, Colonial, and American). By Thomas Bayley, Assoc. R. Coll. of Science, Consulting Chemist, Analyst, and Assayer, Author of a 'Pocket-book for Chemists,' 'The Assay and Analysis of Iron and Steel, Iron Ores, and Fuel,' etc., etc. Royal 32mo, boards, gilt edges, 6s.

The Fireman's Guide; a Handbook on the Care of Boilers. By Teknolog, föreningen T. I. Stockholm. Translated from the third edition, and revised by Karl P. Dahlstrom, M.E. Second edition. Fcap. 8vo, cloth, 2s.

A Treatise on Modern Steam Engines and Boilers, including Land Locomotive, and Marine Engines and Boilers, for the use of Students. By Frederick Colyer, M. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E. With 36 plates. 4to, cloth, 12s. 6d.

Contents:

1. Introduction‌—‌2. Original Engines‌—‌3. Boilers‌—‌4. High-Pressure Beam Engines‌—‌5. Cornish Beam Engines‌—‌6. Horizontal Engines‌—‌7. Oscillating Engines‌—‌8. Vertical High-Pressure Engines‌—‌9. Special Engines‌—‌10. Portable Engines‌—‌11. Locomotive Engines‌—‌12. Marine Engines.

Steam Engine Management; a Treatise on the Working and Management of Steam Boilers. By F. Colyer, M. Inst. C.E., Mem. Inst. M.E. 18mo, cloth, 2s.

A Text-Book of Tanning, embracing the Preparation of all kinds of Leather. By Harry R. Proctor, F.C.S., of Low Lights Tanneries. With illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

Aid Book to Engineering Enterprise. By Ewing Matheson, M. Inst. C.E. The Inception of Public Works, Parliamentary Procedure for Railways, Concessions for Foreign Works, and means of Providing Money, the Points which determine Success or Failure, Contract and Purchase, Commerce in Coal, Iron, and Steel, &c. Second edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 21s.

Pumps, Historically, Theoretically, and Practically Considered. By P. R. Björling. With 156 illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

The Marine Transport of Petroleum. A Book for the use of Shipowners, Shipbuilders, Underwriters, Merchants, Captains and Officers of Petroleum-carrying Vessels. By G. H. Little, Editor of the 'Liverpool Journal of Commerce.' Crown 8vo, cloth, 10s. 6d.

Liquid Fuel for Mechanical and Industrial Purposes. Compiled by E. A. Brayley Hodgetts. With wood engravings. 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Tropical Agriculture: A Treatise on the Culture, Preparation, Commerce and Consumption of the principal Products of the Vegetable Kingdom. By P. L. Simmonds, F.L.S., F.R.C.I. New edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 21s.

Health and Comfort in House Building; or, Ventilation with Warm Air by Self-acting Suction Power. With Review of the Mode of Calculating the Draught in Hot-air Flues, and with some Actual Experiments by J. Drysdale, M.D., and J. W. Hayward, M.D. With plates and woodcuts. Third edition, with some New Sections, and the whole carefully Revised, 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Losses in Gold Amalgamation. With Notes on the Concentration of Gold and Silver Ores. With six plates. By W. McDermott and P. W. Duffield. 8vo, cloth, 5s.

A Guide for the Electric Testing of Telegraph Cables. By Col. V. Hoskiœr, Royal Danish Engineers. Third edition, crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

The Hydraulic Gold Miners' Manual. By T. S. G. Kirkpatrick, M.A. Oxon. With 6 plates. Crown 8vo, cloth, 6s.

"We venture to think that this work will become a text-book on the important subject of which it treats. Until comparatively recently hydraulic mines were neglected. This was scarcely to be surprised at, seeing that their working in California was brought to an abrupt termination by the action of the farmers on the débris question, whilst their working in other parts of the world had not been attended with the anticipated success."‌—‌The Mining World and Engineering Record.

The Arithmetic of Electricity. By T. O'Conor Sloane. Crown 8vo, cloth, 4s. 6d.

The Turkish Bath: Its Design and Construction for Public and Commercial Purposes. By R. O. Allsop, Architect. With plans and sections. 8vo, cloth, 6s.

Earthwork Slips and Subsidences upon Public Works: Their Causes, Prevention and Reparation. Especially written to assist those engaged in the Construction or Maintenance of Railways, Docks, Canals, Waterworks, River Banks, Reclamation Embankments, Drainage Works, &c., &c. By John Newman, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., Author of 'Notes on Concrete,' &c. Crown 8vo, cloth, 7s. 6d.

Gas and Petroleum Engines: A Practical Treatise on the Internal Combustion Engine. By Wm. Robinson, M.E., Senior Demonstrator and Lecturer on Applied Mechanics, Physics, &c., City and Guilds of London College, Finsbury, Assoc. Mem. Inst. C.E., &c. Numerous illustrations. 8vo, cloth, 14s.

Waterways and Water Transport in Different Countries. With a description of the Panama, Suez, Manchester, Nicaraguan, and other Canals. By J. Stephen Jeans, Author of 'England's Supremacy,' 'Railway Problems,' &c. Numerous illustrations. 8vo, cloth, 14s.

A Treatise on the Richards Steam-Engine Indicator and the Development and Application of Force in the Steam-Engine. By Charles T. Porter. Fourth Edition, revised and enlarged, 8vo, cloth, 9s.

Contents.

The Nature and Use of the Indicator:

The several lines on the Diagram.

Examination of Diagram No. 1.

Of Truth in the Diagram.

Description of the Richards Indicator.

Practical Directions for Applying and Taking Care of the Indicator.

Introductory Remarks.

Units.

Expansion.

Directions for ascertaining from the Diagram the Power exerted by the Engine.

To Measure from the Diagram the Quantity of Steam Consumed.

To Measure from the Diagram the Quantity of Heat Expended.

Of the Real Diagram, and how to Construct it.

Of the Conversion of Heat into Work in the Steam-engine.

Observations on the several Lines of the Diagram.

Of the Loss attending the Employment of Slow-piston Speed, and the Extent to which this is Shown by the Indicator.

Of other Applications of the Indicator.

Of the use of the Tables of the Properties of Steam in Calculating the Duty of Boilers.

Introductory.

Of the Pressure on the Crank when the Connecting-rod is conceived to be of Infinite Length.

The Modification of the Acceleration and Retardation that is occasioned by the Angular Vibration of the Connecting-rod.

Method of representing the actual pressure on the crank at every point of its revolution.

The Rotative Effect of the Pressure exerted on the Crank.

The Transmitting Parts of an Engine, considered as an Equaliser of Motion.

A Ride on a Buffer-beam (Appendix).

In demy 4to, handsomely bound in cloth, illustrated with 220 full page plates, Price 15s.

ARCHITECTURAL EXAMPLES

IN BRICK, STONE, WOOD, AND IRON.

A COMPLETE WORK ON THE DETAILS AND ARRANGEMENT OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN.

By WILLIAM FULLERTON, Architect.

Containing 220 Plates, with numerous Drawings selected from the Architecture of Former and Present Times.

The Details and Designs are Drawn to Scale, 1/8", ¼", ½", and Full size being chiefly used.

The Plates are arranged in Two Parts. The First Part contains Details of Work in the four principal Building materials, the following being a few of the subjects in this Part:‌—‌Various forms of Doors and Windows, Wood and Iron Roofs, Half Timber Work, Porches, Towers, Spires, Belfries, Flying Buttresses, Groining, Carving, Church Fittings, Constructive and Ornamental Iron Work, Classic and Gothic Molds and Ornament, Foliation Natural and Conventional, Stained Glass, Coloured Decoration, a Section to Scale of the Great Pyramid, Grecian and Roman Work, Continental and English Gothic, Pile Foundations, Chimney Shafts according to the regulations of the London County Council, Board Schools. The Second Part consists of Drawings of Plans and Elevations of Buildings, arranged under the following heads:‌—‌Workmen's Cottages and Dwellings, Cottage Residences and Dwelling Houses, Shops, Factories, Warehouses, Schools, Churches and Chapels, Public Buildings, Hotels and Taverns, and Buildings of a general character.

All the Plates are accompanied with particulars of the Work, with Explanatory Notes and Dimensions of the various parts.

Specimen Pages, reduced from the originals.

Crown 8vo, cloth, with illustrations, 5s.

WORKSHOP RECEIPTS,

FIRST SERIES.

By ERNEST SPON.

Synopsis of Contents.

Bookbinding.

Bronzes and Bronzing.

Candles.

Cement.

Cleaning.

Colourwashing.

Concretes.

Dipping Acids.

Drawing Office Details.

Drying Oils.

Dynamite.

Electro-Metallurgy‌—‌(Cleaning, Dipping, Scratch-brushing, Batteries, Baths, and Deposits of every description).

Enamels.

Engraving on Wood, Copper, Gold, Silver, Steel, and Stone.

Etching and Aqua Tint.

Firework Making‌—‌(Rockets, Stars, Rains, Gerbes, Jets, Tour-billons, Candles, Fires, Lances, Lights, Wheels, Fire-balloons, and minor Fireworks).

Fluxes.

Foundry Mixtures.

Freezing.

Fulminates.

Furniture Creams, Oils, Polishes, Lacquers, and Pastes.

Gilding.

Glass Cutting, Cleaning, Frosting, Drilling, Darkening, Bending, Staining, and Painting.

Glass Making.

Glues.

Gold.

Graining.

Gums.

Gun Cotton.

Gunpowder.

Horn Working.

Indiarubber.

Japans, Japanning, and kindred processes.

Lacquers.

Lathing.

Lubricants.

Marble Working.

Matches.

Mortars.

Nitro-Glycerine.

Oils.

Paper.

Paper Hanging.

Painting in Oils, in Water Colours, as well as Fresco, House, Transparency, Sign, and Carriage Painting.

Photography.

Plastering.

Polishes.

Pottery‌—‌(Clays, Bodies, Glazes, Colours, Oils, Stains, Fluxes, Enamels, and Lustres).

Scouring.

Silvering.

Soap.

Solders.

Tanning.

Taxidermy.

Tempering Metals.

Treating Horn, Mother-o'-Pearl, and like substances.

Varnishes, Manufacture and Use of.

Veneering.

Washing.

Waterproofing.

Welding.

Crown 8vo, cloth, 485 pages, with illustrations, 5s.

WORKSHOP RECEIPTS,

SECOND SERIES.

By ROBERT HALDANE.

Synopsis of Contents.

Acidimetry and Alkalimetry. Glycerine.

Albumen. Gut.

Alcohol. Hydrogen peroxide.

Alkaloids. Ink.

Baking-powders. Iodine.

Bitters. Iodoform.

Bleaching. Isinglass.

Boiler Incrustations. Ivory substitutes.

Cements and Lutes. Leather.

Cleansing. Luminous bodies.

Confectionery. Magnesia.

Copying. Matches.

Disinfectants. Paper.

Dyeing, Staining, and Colouring. Parchment.

Essences. Perchloric acid.

Extracts. Potassium oxalate.

Fireproofing. Preserving.

Gelatine, Glue, and Size.

Pigments, Paint, and Painting: embracing the preparation of Pigments, including alumina lakes, blacks (animal, bone, Frankfort, ivory, lamp, sight, soot), blues (antimony, Antwerp, cobalt, cæruleum, Egyptian, manganate, Paris, Péligot, Prussian, smalt, ultramarine), browns (bistre, hinau, sepia, sienna, umber, Vandyke), greens (baryta, Brighton, Brunswick, chrome, cobalt, Douglas, emerald, manganese, mitis, mountain, Prussian, sap, Scheele's, Schweinfurth, titanium, verdigris, zinc), reds (Brazilwood lake, carminated lake, carmine, Cassius purple, cobalt pink, cochineal lake, colcothar, Indian red, madder lake, red chalk, red lead, vermilion), whites (alum, baryta, Chinese, lead sulphate, white lead‌—‌by American, Dutch, French, German, Kremnitz, and Pattinson processes, precautions in making, and composition of commercial samples‌—‌whiting, Wilkinson's white, zinc white), yellows (chrome, gamboge, Naples, orpiment, realgar, yellow lakes); Paint (vehicles, testing oils, driers, grinding, storing, applying, priming, drying, filling, coats, brushes, surface, water-colours, removing smell, discoloration; miscellaneous paints‌—‌cement paint for carton-pierre, copper paint, gold paint, iron paint, lime paints, silicated paints, steatite paint, transparent paints, tungsten paints, window paint, zinc paints); Painting (general instructions, proportions of ingredients, measuring paint work; carriage painting‌—‌priming paint, best putty, finishing colour, cause of cracking, mixing the paints, oils, driers, and colours, varnishing, importance of washing vehicles, re-varnishing, how to dry paint; woodwork painting).

Crown 8vo, cloth, 480 pages, with 183 illustrations, 5s.

WORKSHOP RECEIPTS,

THIRD SERIES.

By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK.

Uniform with the First and Second Series.

Synopsis of Contents.

Alloys. Indium. Rubidium.

Aluminium. Iridium. Ruthenium.

Antimony. Iron and Steel. Selenium.

Barium. Lacquers and Lacquering. Silver.

Beryllium. Lanthanum. Slag.

Bismuth. Lead. Sodium.

Cadmium. Lithium. Strontium.

Cæsium. Lubricants. Tantalum.

Calcium. Magnesium. Terbium.

Cerium. Manganese. Thallium.

Chromium. Mercury. Thorium.

Cobalt. Mica. Tin.

Copper. Molybdenum. Titanium.

Didymium. Nickel. Tungsten.

Electrics. Niobium. Uranium.

Enamels and Glazes. Osmium. Vanadium.

Erbium. Palladium. Yttrium.

Gallium. Platinum. Zinc.

Glass. Potassium. Zirconium.

Gold. Rhodium.

WORKSHOP RECEIPTS,

FOURTH SERIES,

DEVOTED MAINLY TO HANDICRAFTS & MECHANICAL SUBJECTS.

By C. G. WARNFORD LOCK.

250 Illustrations, with Complete Index, and a General Index to the Four Series, 5s.

Waterproofing‌—‌rubber goods, cuprammonium processes, miscellaneous preparations.

Packing and Storing articles of delicate odour or colour, of a deliquescent character, liable to ignition, apt to suffer from insects or damp, or easily broken.

Embalming and Preserving anatomical specimens.

Leather Polishes.

Cooling Air and Water, producing low temperatures, making ice, cooling syrups and solutions, and separating salts from liquors by refrigeration.

Pumps and Siphons, embracing every useful contrivance for raising and supplying water on a moderate scale, and moving corrosive, tenacious, and other liquids.

Desiccating‌—‌air- and water-ovens, and other appliances for drying natural and artificial products.

Distilling‌—‌water, tinctures, extracts, pharmaceutical preparations, essences, perfumes, and alcoholic liquids.

Emulsifying as required by pharmacists and photographers.

Evaporating‌—‌saline and other solutions, and liquids demanding special precautions.

Filtering‌—‌water, and solutions of various kinds.

Percolating and Macerating.

Electrotyping.

Stereotyping by both plaster and paper processes.

Bookbinding in all its details.

Straw Plaiting and the fabrication of baskets, matting, etc.

Musical Instruments‌—‌the preservation, tuning, and repair of pianos harmoniums, musical boxes, etc.

Clock and Watch Mending‌—‌adapted for intelligent amateurs.

Photography‌—‌recent development in rapid processes, handy apparatus, numerous recipes for sensitizing and developing solutions, and applications to modern illustrative purposes.

NOW COMPLETE.

With nearly 1500 illustrations, in super-royal 8vo, in 5 Divisions, cloth. Divisions 1 to 4, 13s. 6d. each; Division 5, 17s. 6d.; or 2 vols., cloth, £3 10s.

SPONS' ENCYCLOPÆDIA

OF THE

INDUSTRIAL ARTS, MANUFACTURES, and COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS.

Edited by C. G. WARNFORD LOCK, F.L.S.

Among the more important of the subjects treated of, are the following:‌—‌

Acids, 207 pp. 220 figs. Jute Manufactures, 11 pp. 11 figs.

Alcohol, 23 pp. 16 figs. Knitted Fabrics‌—‌Hosiery, 15 pp. 13 figs.

Alcoholic Liquors, 13 pp. Lace, 13 pp. 9 figs.

Alkalies, 89 pp. 78 figs. Leather, 28 pp. 31 figs.

Alloys. Alum. Linen Manufactures, 16 pp. 6 figs.

Asphalt. Assaying. Manures, 21 pp. 30 figs.

Beverages, 89 pp. 29 figs. Matches, 17 pp. 38 figs.

Blacks. Mordants, 13 pp.

Bleaching Powder, 15 pp. Narcotics, 47 pp.

Bleaching, 51 pp. 48 figs. Nuts, 10 pp.

Candles, 18 pp. 9 figs. Oils and Fatty Substances, 125 pp.

Carbon Bisulphide. Paint.

Celluloid, 9 pp. Paper, 26 pp. 23 figs.

Cements. Clay. Paraffin, 8 pp. 6 figs.

Coal-tar Products, 44 pp. 14 figs. Pearl and Coral, 8 pp.

Cocoa, 8 pp. Perfumes, 10 pp.

Coffee, 32 pp. 13 figs. Photography, 13 pp. 20 figs.

Cork, 8 pp. 17 figs. Pigments, 9 pp. 6 figs.

Cotton Manufactures, 62 pp. 57 figs. Pottery, 46 pp. 57 figs.

Drugs, 38 pp. Printing and Engraving, 20 pp. 8 figs.

Dyeing and Calico Printing, 28 pp. 9 figs. Rags.

Dyestuffs, 16 pp. Resinous and Gummy Substances, 75 pp. 16 figs.

Electro-Metallurgy, 13 pp. Rope, 16 pp. 17 figs.

Explosives, 22 pp. 33 figs. Salt, 31 pp. 23 figs.

Feathers. Silk, 8 pp.

Fibrous Substances, 92 pp. 79 figs. Silk Manufactures, 9 pp. 11 figs.

Floor-cloth, 16 pp. 21 figs. Skins, 5 pp.

Food Preservation, 8 pp. Small Wares, 4 pp.

Fruit, 8 pp. Soap and Glycerine, 39 pp. 45 figs.

Fur, 5 pp. Spices, 16 pp.

Gas, Coal, 8 pp. Sponge, 5 pp.

Gems. Starch, 9 pp. 10 figs.

Glass, 45 pp. 77 figs. Sugar, 155 pp. 134 figs.

Graphite, 7 pp. Sulphur.

Hair, 7 pp. Tannin, 18 pp.

Hair Manufactures. Tea, 12 pp.

Hats, 26 pp. 26 figs. Timber, 13 pp.

Honey. Hops. Varnish, 15 pp.

Horn. Vinegar, 5 pp.

Ice, 10 pp. 14 figs. Wax, 5 pp.

Indiarubber Manufactures, 23 pp. 17 figs. Wool, 2 pp.

Ink, 17 pp. Woollen Manufactures, 58 pp. 39 figs.

Ivory.

In super-royal 8vo, 1168 pp., with 2400 illustrations, in 3 Divisions, cloth, price 13s. 6d. each; or 1 vol., cloth, 2l.; or half-morocco, 2l. 8s.

A SUPPLEMENT

TO

SPONS' DICTIONARY OF ENGINEERING.

Edited by ERNEST SPON, Memb. Soc. Engineers.

Abacus, Counters, Speed Indicators, and Slide Rule.

Agricultural Implements and Machinery.

Air Compressors.

Animal Charcoal Machinery.

Antimony.

Axles and Axle-boxes.

Barn Machinery.

Belts and Belting.

Blasting. Boilers.

Brakes.

Brick Machinery.

Bridges.

Cages for Mines.

Calculus, Differential and Integral.

Canals.

Carpentry.

Cast Iron.

Cement, Concrete, Limes, and Mortar.

Chimney Shafts.

Coal Cleansing and Washing.

Coal Mining.

Coal Cutting Machines.

Coke Ovens. Copper.

Docks. Drainage.

Dredging Machinery.

Dynamo-Electric and Magneto-Electric Machines.

Dynamometers.

Electrical Engineering, Telegraphy, Electric Lighting and its practical details, Telephones.

Engines, Varieties of.

Explosives. Fans.

Founding, Moulding and the practical work of the Foundry.

Gas, Manufacture of.

Hammers, Steam and other Power.

Heat. Horse Power.

Hydraulics.

Hydro-geology.

Indicators. Iron.

Lifts, Hoists, and Elevators.

Lighthouses, Buoys, and Beacons.

Machine Tools.

Materials of Construction.

Meters.

Ores, Machinery and Processes employed to Dress.

Piers.

Pile Driving.

Pneumatic Transmission.

Pumps.

Pyrometers.

Road Locomotives.

Rock Drills.

Rolling Stock.

Sanitary Engineering.

Shafting.

Steel.

Steam Navvy.

Stone Machinery.

Tramways.

Well Sinking.

JUST PUBLISHED.

In demy 8vo, cloth, 600 pages, and 1420 Illustrations, 6s.

SPONS'

MECHANICS' OWN BOOK;

A MANUAL FOR HANDICRAFTSMEN AND AMATEURS.

Contents.

Mechanical Drawing‌—‌Casting and Founding in Iron, Brass, Bronze, and other Alloys‌—‌Forging and Finishing Iron‌—‌Sheetmetal Working‌—‌ Soldering, Brazing, and Burning‌—‌Carpentry and Joinery, embracing descriptions of some 400 Woods, over 200 Illustrations of Tools and their uses, Explanations (with Diagrams) of 116 joints and hinges, and Details of Construction of Workshop appliances, rough furniture, Garden and Yard Erections, and House Building‌—‌ Cabinet-Making and Veneering‌—‌Carving and Fretcutting‌—‌Upholstery ‌—‌Painting, Graining, and Marbling‌—‌Staining Furniture, Woods, Floors, and Fittings‌—‌Gilding, dead and bright, on various grounds‌—‌Polishing Marble, Metals, and Wood‌—‌Varnishing‌—‌Mechanical movements, illustrating contrivances for transmitting motion‌—‌ Turning in Wood and Metals‌—‌Masonry, embracing Stonework, Brickwork, Terracotta, and Concrete‌—‌Roofing with Thatch, Tiles, Slates, Felt, Zinc, &c.‌—‌Glazing with and without putty, and lead glazing‌—‌ Plastering and Whitewashing‌—‌Paper-hanging‌—‌Gas-fitting— ‌Bell-hanging, ordinary and electric Systems‌—‌Lighting‌—‌Warming‌—‌ Ventilating‌—‌ Roads, Pavements, and Bridges‌—‌Hedges, Ditches, and Drains‌—‌Water Supply and Sanitation‌—‌Hints on House Construction suited to new countries.

E. & F. N. SPON, 125, Strand, London. New York: 12, Cortlandt Street.