Roumania Past and PresentFront matterReading editionChapter navigation46 reading sectionsGo to chapterChoose a chapter…Front matterJAMES SAMUELSONPREFACE.Introductory materialROUMANIA, TO-DAY.Chapter IChapter IIChapter IIIChapter IVChapter VChapter VIChapter VIIChapter VIIIThe jurisprudence of the Constitution—Roumanian courts—The Code Napoléon—Complaints of patronage—The penal system—Capital punishment abolished—History and effect of the abolition—Statistics—The prison system—Abuses—Enumeration of prisons—Employment of convicts—Ornamental art amongst them—Objects made by them—Absence of educational measures—Criminal statistics (and note)—Visit to the 'intermediate' prison of Vakareschti—An old monastery—Description of the prison—Scene in the court-yard—Untried prisoners in fetters—Promiscuous intercourse of prisoners—Mischievous effects—Views of a 'juge d'instruction' concerning the system—Various classes of prisoners—Lenient treatment of them—Partial employment—Safeguards against mutiny—Visit to the penal salt mine of Doftana (or Telega)—Former treatment of prisoners—A lingering death—Present treatment—Conditions of penal servitude—Compared with work of our colliers—Abuses—Descent into the mine—Its condition—Unearthly sounds and sights—Enormous salt cave—Floor of the cave—Convicts at work in chains—Mode of excavating and raising salt—Lighting the mine for visitors—Return to the surface—Visit to the penitentiary—Its discreditable condition—Alleged frauds upon convicts—General mild treatment of criminals in Roumania—Utilisation of convict labour—Comparison of cost and results of systems in Roumania and England—Favourable to Roumania.HISTORICAL.Chapter IXChapter XChapter XIChapter XIIChapter XIIIChapter XIVChapter XVAPPENDIX I.APPENDIX II.APPENDIX III.APPENDIX IV.APPENDIX V.INDEX.GENERAL LISTS OF WORKSHISTORY, POLITICS, HISTORICAL MEMOIRS, &c.BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS.MENTAL and POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.MISCELLANEOUS & CRITICAL WORKS.DICTIONARIES and OTHER BOOKS of REFERENCE.ASTRONOMY and METEOROLOGY.NATURAL HISTORY and PHYSICAL SCIENCE.CHEMISTRY and PHYSIOLOGY.The FINE ARTS and ILLUSTRATED EDITIONS.The USEFUL ARTS, MANUFACTURES, &c.RELIGIOUS and MORAL WORKS.TRAVELS, VOYAGES, &c.WORKS of FICTION.POETRY and THE DRAMA.RURAL SPORTS, HORSE and CATTLE MANAGEMENT, &c.WORKS of UTILITY and GENERAL INFORMATION.INDEX.Beginning of this editionNext chapter →JAMES SAMUELSONAll chapters and sections (46)Opening pagesFront matterOther sectionsJAMES SAMUELSONPREFACE.Opening pagesIntroductory materialPart 1 · Other sectionsROUMANIA, TO-DAY.Part 1 · Chapters12345678Part 1 · Other sectionsThe jurisprudence of the Constitution—Roumanian courts—The Code Napoléon—Complaints of patronage—The penal system—Capital punishment abolished—History and effect of the abolition—Statistics—The prison system—Abuses—Enumeration of prisons—Employment of convicts—Ornamental art amongst them—Objects made by them—Absence of educational measures—Criminal statistics (and note)—Visit to the 'intermediate' prison of Vakareschti—An old monastery—Description of the prison—Scene in the court-yard—Untried prisoners in fetters—Promiscuous intercourse of prisoners—Mischievous effects—Views of a 'juge d'instruction' concerning the system—Various classes of prisoners—Lenient treatment of them—Partial employment—Safeguards against mutiny—Visit to the penal salt mine of Doftana (or Telega)—Former treatment of prisoners—A lingering death—Present treatment—Conditions of penal servitude—Compared with work of our colliers—Abuses—Descent into the mine—Its condition—Unearthly sounds and sights—Enormous salt cave—Floor of the cave—Convicts at work in chains—Mode of excavating and raising salt—Lighting the mine for visitors—Return to the surface—Visit to the penitentiary—Its discreditable condition—Alleged frauds upon convicts—General mild treatment of criminals in Roumania—Utilisation of convict labour—Comparison of cost and results of systems in Roumania and England—Favourable to Roumania.Part 2 · Other sectionsHISTORICAL.Part 2 · Chapters9101112131415Part 2 · Other sectionsAPPENDIX I.APPENDIX II.APPENDIX III.APPENDIX IV.APPENDIX V.INDEX.GENERAL LISTS OF WORKSHISTORY, POLITICS, HISTORICAL MEMOIRS, &c.BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS.MENTAL and POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY.MISCELLANEOUS & CRITICAL WORKS.DICTIONARIES and OTHER BOOKS of REFERENCE.ASTRONOMY and METEOROLOGY.NATURAL HISTORY and PHYSICAL SCIENCE.CHEMISTRY and PHYSIOLOGY.The FINE ARTS and ILLUSTRATED EDITIONS.The USEFUL ARTS, MANUFACTURES, &c.RELIGIOUS and MORAL WORKS.TRAVELS, VOYAGES, &c.WORKS of FICTION.POETRY and THE DRAMA.RURAL SPORTS, HORSE and CATTLE MANAGEMENT, &c.WORKS of UTILITY and GENERAL INFORMATION.INDEX.THE CATHEDRAL OF CURTEA D'ARDGES.◇THE CATHEDRAL OF CURTEA D'ARDGES.ROUMANIA PAST AND PRESENTBYJAMES SAMUELSON →
