INDEX

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, R, S, T, U, V, W, Y, Z

African indigo, 47 Alkali for removing old paint, 351 Alumina for lakes, 282 American indigo, 47 —— lamp-black furnace, 20 Aniline black, 25 Animal black, 5, 6 —— matters, nitrogen in, 51 Anthracene oil black, 21 Antimony vermilion, 138 Antwerp blue, 62 Area covered by paint, 359, 360 Arnaudon’s green, 128 Arsenic from cobalt ores, 31 —— orange, 153 —— yellow, 257, 280 Asphalt brown, 101 —— for painting iron, 373 Aureolin, 257 Azurite blue, 40 Balmains luminous paint, 286 Baryta blue, 111 —— green, 109 —— red, 143 —— white, 170 Barytes, 170 Benzoates as dryers, 318 Benzol vehicles, 296 Binder’s cobalt blue, 29 Bistre, 101 Bitumen, 101 Blacks, 5-26 —— adulterations, 6 —— aniline, 25 —— animal, 5, 6 —— anthracene oil, 21 —— bone, 5, 6 —— bone-oil, 12 —— candle, 25 —— “carbon,” 19 —— charcoal, 25 —— coal, 25 —— coal tar, 14, 15, 21 —— coke-oven, 16 —— composition, 5 —— cork, 25 —— creosote oil, 21 —— drop, 11 —— fat, 11, 12, 21 —— Frankfort, 11 —— “gas,” 19 —— gas-tar, 14, 15, 21 —— German, 26 —— impurities, 5 —— iron, 26 —— ivory, 5, 11 —— lamp, 5, 11 —— lead, 26 —— manganese, 26 —— mineral gas, 19 —— —— matter in, 6 —— natural gas, 19 —— oil, 11, 12, 21 —— oily matter in, 5 —— organic, 5 —— paraffin, 16 —— peach-stone, 11 —— Prussian, 26 —— prussiate, 26 —— resin, 11. 15, 16 —— shale oil, 21 —— Spanish, 26 —— tannin, 26 —— tar, 14, 15, 21 —— testing, 6 —— unimportant, 25 —— vegetable, 5, 11, 25, 26 —— vine twig, 11 —— wine lees, 11 Blanc fixe, 172 Bleaching oils, 332 Blenkinsop and Hartley’s dryer, 335 Blood in priming coat, 352 Blue luminous paint, 291 —— potash, 54, 56 —— salt, 54, 56 —— washing, 90 Blues, 27-100 —— Antwerp, 62 —— azurite, 40 —— baryta, 111 —— Binder’s cobalt, 28 —— Bong’s, 62 —— Bremen, 34 —— Brunswick, 64 —— cæruleum, 27 —— Chinese, 65 —— cobalt, 27, 28 —— cœruleum, 37 —— copper, 34 —— indigo, 42 —— lime, 38 —— manganese, 49 —— mountain, 40 —— Paris, 68 —— Péligot, 41 —— Prussian, 49 —— Saxon, 69 —— smalts, 27, 30 —— soluble, 69 —— Thénard’s cobalt, 28 —— Turnbull’s, 70 —— ultramarine, 70 —— verditer, 41 —— zaffre, 30 Body of pigments, 293 Boiled oils, adulterants of, 331 —— —— defects, 327 —— —— substitute for, 352 —— —— testing for lead in, 328 Boiling oil, 316, 320 Bole, 272 Boletta, 273 Bologna stone, 170 Bone black, 5, 6 —— —— composition, 10 —— cost of production, 10 —— —— furnaces, 7 —— —— qualities, 10 —— brown, 102 —— oil black, 12 Bones, carbonising, 7 —— gases from, utilising, 9 Bong’s manganese blue, 49 —— Prussian blue, 62 Borates as dryers, 318 Braconnot’s green, 123 Bramwell’s prussiate, 58 Brazil-wood lake, 283 Bremen blue, 34 —— green, 112 Brighton green, 112 Brinjes and Goodwin’s paint mill, 346 Brown luminous paint, 291 Browns, 101, 108 —— asphalt, 101 —— bistre, 101 —— bitumen, 101 —— bone, 102 —— cappagh, 102 —— Cassel earth, 102 —— chicory, 102 —— Cologne earth, 102 —— manganese, 103 —— Mars, 103 —— Prussian, 103 —— Rubens, 102 —— sepia, 104 —— ulmin, 105 —— ultramarine, 88 —— umbers, 105 —— Vandyke, 107 Brunquell on prussiate, 59 Brunswick blue, 64 —— green, 113 —— —— characters, 118 —— —— dry method, 117 —— —— testing, 118 —— —— wet method, 115 Brushes, 355 —— keeping, 355 Buckley’s prussiate works, 59 Cadmium Yellow, 258 Cæruleum, 27 Calcining lamp-black, 23 Calcium hyposulphite, preparing, 139 —— polysulphide, preparing, 139 Candle black, 25 Candle-nut oil, 298 Cappagh brown, 102, 106 “Carbon” black, 19 —— pigments, 5 Carbonising bones, 7 Carminated lake, 283 Carmine lake, 283 Carriages, painting, 361 —— varnishing, 365 Cars, painting, 361 —— re-varnishing, 367 —— washing, 367 Cassel earth, 102 Cassius purple, 143 Cawk, 170 Central American indigo, 47 Cerchione, 273 Chalk, 246 Charcoal black, 25 Charlton white, 172, 254 Chicory brown, 102 China clay, 172 —— —— artificial, 182 —— —— characters, 182 —— —— drying, 175, 181 —— —— waste products, 179 —— —— works, 173 Chinese blue, 65 —— green, 118, 129 —— red, 144, 185 —— vermilion, 157 Chromates, iron, 267 —— lead, 260 —— zinc, 268 Chrome greens, 113, 118, 125 —— orange, 144 —— red, 144, 145 —— yellows, 258 Chromes, characters, 266 Clark’s paint mill, 341 Coaches, painting, 361 —— re-varnishing, 367 —— varnishing, 365 —— washing, 367 Coal black, 25 Coal-tar black, 14, 15, 21 Coats of paint, 355 Cobalt benzoate, 318 —— blues, 27, 28 —— borate, 318 —— greens, 119 —— ore furnace, 31 —— oxide blue, 28 —— pink, 144 —— red, 144 Cochineal lake, 284 Cœruleum blue, 37 Coke oven black, 16 Colcothar, 145, 150 Cologne earth, 102 Colour and aggregation of particles, 2 —— —— chemical composition, 2 —— —— light, 1 —— causes, 1 —— defined, 1 —— destruction, 2 —— of pigments, testing, 293 —— sense, 1 Condenser, fume, 216 Condensing smoke, 13, 15, 17 Condy’s white lead, 197 Copper blues, 34 —— carbonate, 40 —— greens, 121, 130, 131 —— hydrated oxide, 34, 41 —— nitrate, 36 —— sulphate dryer, 325 Cork black, 25 Cornish umber, 107 Cotton seed oil in linseed oil, 301 Covering power of pigments, 293 Cracking, causes, 363 Creosote oil black, 21 Crucibles for roasting smalts, 32 Cuttle fish brown, 104 Cyanogen in prussiate making, 58 Cyprus earth, 134 Dammar vehicles, 296 Derby red, 145 Derbyshire umber, 106 Discoloration of paint, 356 Douglas green, 120 Drop black, 11 Dryers, 295-338, 365 Dryers, benzoates, 318 —— Blenkinsop and Hartley’s, 335 —— borates, 318 —— chemical action of, 322 —— —— —— in oils, 330 —— cobalt benzoate, 318 —— copper sulphate, 325 —— Guynemer’s, 319 —— lead, 325 —— litharge, 316 —— manganese benzoate, 318 —— —— oxalate, 319 —— —— oxide, 318 —— —— sulphate, 325 —— red lead, 316 —— resinates, 318 --- zumatic, 318 Drying china clay, 175, 181 —— paint, 353, 367 —— white lead, 191 Durability of pigments, 294 Dutch vermilion, 167 —— white lead, 185 Dyestuff defined, 1, 3 Egyptian cœruleum, 37 Emerald green, 121 —— —— characters, 124 —— —— testing, 124 —— tint greens, 124 Enamel white, 245, 254 Enamelled white, 170, 183 English white, 183, 246 Extraction of oils, 308 Eye, colour effect on, 1 Fascia, 273 Fat-black, 11, 12, 21 Ferric oxide reds, 150 Figuier’s red, 144 Filling before painting, 354, 362 Fineness of pigments, testing, 293 Finishing painting, 363 Firmenich’s vermilion, 165 Fleck’s vermilion, 156 Frankfort black, 11 Freeman’s white, 224, 254 French and Hannay’s white lead, 216 Fresco colours, 257 —— painting, 111, 378 Fume condenser, 216 Furnaces, bone-black, 7 —— cobalt ore, 31 —— galena, 225 —— lamp-black, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 —— ochre, 277 —— prussiate, 53, 59, 60 —— smalts, 32, 33 Galena, chromates from, 263 —— white lead from, 225 Galloway’s green, 123 Gamboge, 270 Gardner’s white lead, 200 “Gas” black, 19 Gases from bones, utilising, 9 Gas-tar black, 14, 15, 21 Gaud indigo, 45 German black, 26 —— lamp-black, 15 Gmelin’s ultramarine, 81 Green luminous paint, 291 Greens, 109 —— Arnaudon’s, 128 —— baryta, 109 —— Braconnot’s, 123 —— Bremen, 112 —— Brighton, 112 —— Brunswick, 113 —— Chinese, 118, 129 —— chrome, 113, 118, 125 —— cobalt, 119 —— copper, 121, 130, 131 —— Cyprus earth, 134 —— Douglas, 120 —— emerald, 121 —— —— tint, 124 —— Galloway’s, 123 —— Guignet’s, 125 —— Köchlin’s, 123 —— lokao, 129 —— malachite, 129, 131 —— manganese, 130 —— mineral, 130, 131 —— mitis, 130 —— mountain, 131 —— Paris, 132 —— Prussian, 132 —— Rinmann’s, 132 —— sap, 129, 132 —— Scheele’s, 133 —— Schweinfurth, 134 —— terre verte, 134 —— titanium, 135 —— ultramarine, 73 —— verdigris, 135 —— verditer, 136 —— Verona earth, 134, 136 —— Victoria, 137 —— Vienna, 137 —— zinc, 137 Grey luminous paint, 291 Griffith’s zinc white, 251 Grinding Chinese blue, 67 —— smalts, 34 Ground-nut oil, 297 Guignet’s green, 125 Guimet’s ultramarine, 81 Guynemer’s dryer, 319 Gypsum, 183 Hannay’s white lead, 214 Hartley & Blenkinsop’s dryer, 335 —— on dryers, 322 Hempseed oil, 298 Hind and Lund’s paint mill, 345 Hyposulphite of lime, preparing, 139 Idrian vermilion works, 154 Indian indigo, 43 —— red, 147, 150 Indigo, African, 47 —— American, 47 —— blue, 42 —— carmine, 48 —— Central American, 47 —— cultivation, 43 —— gaud, 45 —— Indian, 43 —— Japanese, 45 —— Javan, 46 —— maceration, 43 —— manufacture, 43 —— Philippine, 47 —— plants, 42 —— preparations, 48 —— qualities, 48 —— testing, 48 Irish umber, 106 Iron black, 26 —— chromates, 267 —— decay, 369 —— oxide for painting, 373 —— —— reds, 150 —— painting, 369 —— —— experiments, 375 —— pitching, 369 Italian white lead, 221 Ivory black, 5, 11 Jacquelin’s vermilion, 168 Japanese indigo, 45 Javan indigo, 46 Kaolin, 172, 183 Keeping brushes, 355 Kegs, paint, 349 Kilns, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 31, 32, 33, 53, 59, 60, 225, 277 King’s yellow, 271, 280 Kirchoff’s vermilion, 168 Köchlin’s green, 123 Kukui oil, 298 Lakes, 282 —— alumina, 282 —— Brazil-wood, 283 —— carminated, 283 —— carmine, 283 —— cochineal, 284 —— madder, 284 —— yellow, 285 Lamp-black, 5, 11 —— —— anthracene oil, 21 —— —— apparatus, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22 —— —— calcining, 23 —— —— creosote oil, 21 —— —— gas tar, 14, 15, 21 —— —— German, 15 —— —— in iron painting, 378 —— —— Martin & Grafton’s, 15 —— —— natural gas, 19 —— —— nuisance in making, 23 —— —— paraffin, 16 —— —— qualities, 25 —— —— Russian, 16 —— —— Shackell & Edwards’ Works, 24 —— —— shale oil, 21 —— —— transport, 25 Lapis lazuli, 70 Lead black, 26 —— chromates, 260 —— dryers, 325 —— for white lead making, 186 —— in boiled oil, testing for, 328 —— orange, 147 —— red, 148 —— sulphate, 223 —— whites, 183 Levigating ultramarine, 79 Lewis’s white lead, 223 Light and colour, 1 Lime blue, 38 —— hyposulphite, preparing, 139 —— manganate, 49 —— polysulphide, preparing, 139 —— white, 170, 245 Linseed oil, 299 —— —— adulterants, 331 —— —— bleaching, 303 —— —— impurities, 301 —— —— purifying, 302 Litharge as a dryer, 316 Lithophone, 245, 247 Lokao, 129 Luminous paints, 286 MacIvor’s ultramarine, 93 —— white lead, 229 Madder, lake, 284 Magnesite, 245 Malachite green, 129, 131 Manganese benzoate, 318 —— black, 26 —— blue, 49 —— borate, 318 —— brown, 103 —— green, 130 —— linoleate, 336 —— oxalate dryer, 319 —— oxide dryer, 318 —— sulphate dryer, 325 Manure from prussiate residue, 57 Mars brown, 103 Martin & Grafton’s lamp-black, 15 Massicot, 148 Measuring painting, 360 Menhaden oil, 303 Metallic paints, 274 Mica, 179 Mills, oil, 309 —— paint, 339, 341, 345, 346 Mineral gas black, 19 —— green, 130, 131 —— matter in blacks, 6 —— orange, 150 Minium, 148 Mitis green, 130 Mixer for paint, 341 Mixing paint, 364 Mountain blue, 40 —— green, 131 Murdoch’s antimony red, 142 Naples yellows, 271 Natural gas black, 19 Nitrogen converted into cyanogen in prussiate making, 58 —— in animal matters, 51 Nuisance from making lamp-black, 23 —— prevention, 24 Ochres, 272 —— characters, 279 —— kilns, 277 —— working, 274 Odour of paint, removing, 356 Oil-black, 11, 12, 21 —— cake, moulding, 313 —— mill, 309 —— seed crushing rolls, 311 —— —— kettles, 312 —— vehicles, 295 Oils, bleaching, 332 —— boiled, defects, 327 —— —— substitute for, 352 —— —— testing for lead in, 328 —— boiling, 316, 320 —— —— chemistry of, 326 —— candle-nut, 298 —— chemical action of dryers on, 330 —— drying and non-drying, 297 —— extraction, 308 —— ground-nut, 297 —— hemp-seed, 298 —— kukui, 298 —— linseed, 299 —— menhaden, 303 —— pea-nut, 297 —— poppy, 305 —— porgie, 303 —— refining, 335 —— tobacco, 306 —— tung, 308 —— walnut, 307 —— wood, 308 Oily matter in blacks, 5 Old paint, removing, 351 Orange, chrome, 144 —— lead, 147 —— luminous paint, 291 —— mineral, 150 Organic blacks, 5 Orpiment, 280 Orr’s white, 245, 254 Oxide reds, 150 Oxygen in making ultramarine, 78 Packing paint, 349 Paint beds, 274 —— composition, 358 —— covering power, 359, 360 —— cracking, 363 —— defined, 1 —— discoloration, 356 —— drying, 367 —— estimating quantity required, 359, 360 —— machinery, 339 —— mills, 339, 341, 345, 346 —— mixer, 341 —— mixing, 364 —— old, removing, 351 —— packing, 349 —— priming, 354, 362 Painting, 351 —— brushes, 355 —— carriages, 361 —— coats, 355 —— drying, 353 —— filling, 354, 362 —— finishing, 363 —— fresco, 378 —— iron, 369 —— measuring, 360 —— plaster, 378 —— priming coat, 352, 362 —— removing odour, 356 —— surface, 351 —— walls, 378 —— water-colours, 356 —— woodwork, 368 Paraffin black, 16 —— wax vehicles, 296 Paris blue, 68 —— green, 132 --- white, 246 Peach-stone black, 11 Pea-nut oil, 297 Péligot blue, 41 Permanent white, 170, 246 Persian red, 145, 150, 153 Philippine indigo, 47 Phosphorescent paints, 286 Pigments, carbon, 5 —— defined, 1, 3 —— examining, 293 —— requirements, 3 —— testing body, 293 —— —— colour, 293 —— —— covering power, 293 —— —— fineness, 293 Pink, cobalt, 144 Pitching iron, 369 Plaster painting, 378 Pompeian cœruleum, 37 Poppy seed oils, 305 Porgie oil, 303 Potash, blue, 54, 56 —— prussiate, 50 Prevention of nuisance, 24 Priming coat, 352 —— paint, 362 Prussian black, 26 —— blue, 49 —— —— Bong’s, 62 —— —— common, 61 —— —— qualities, 49 —— —— recipes, 61 —— —— testing, 50 —— brown, 103 —— green, 132 Prussiate, 50 —— black, 26 —— Bramwell’s works, 58 —— Brunquell on, 59 —— Buckley’s works, 59 —— crystallisation, 55 —— formation, 52 —— furnaces, 53, 59, 60 —— metal, lixiviation, 55 —— of potash, 50 —— pots, 53 —— residue as manure, 57 —— separating: impurities, 56 Pug mill, 341 Purple of Cassius, 143 Putty, 354, 362 Puttying, 354, 362 Realgar, 153, 280 Red lead, 148 —— —— as a dryer, 316 —— —— for painting iron, 374 —— luminous paint, 291 —— ultramarine, 77, 80 Reds, 138-169 —— antimony vermilion, 138 —— baryta, 143 —— Cassius purple, 143 —— Chinese, 144, 145 —— chrome, 144, 145 —— —— orange, 144 —— cobalt, 144 —— —— pink, 144 —— colcothar, 145, 150 —— Derby, 145 —— Indian, 147, 150 —— iron oxide, 150 —— lead orange, 147 —— minium, 148 —— orange mineral, 150 —— oxides, 150 —— Persian, 145, 150, 153 —— realgar, 153 —— rouge, 150, 153 —— tin, 144 —— Venetian, 150, 153 —— vermilion, 153 Refining oils, 335 Removing old paint, 351 Resin black, 11, 15, 16 Resinates as dryers, 318 Rinmann green, 132 Roller mills for paint, 339, 341, 345, 346 Rosin in linseed oil, 301 Rouge, 150, 153 Rubens brown, 102 Ruby of arsenic, 153 Russian lamp-black, 16 Rutherford & Barclay kiln, 277 Sap green, 129, 132 Satin white, 246 Saxon blue, 69 Schatte’s luminous paint, 290 Scheele’s green, 133 Schweinfurth green, 134 Seed-crushing rolls, 311 —— kettles, 312 —— oils, extracting, 308 Sepia, 104 Shackle and Edwards’ lamp-black works, 24 Shale oil black, 21 Ships’ hulls, painting, 376 Siena earths, 272 Siennas, 272 Silica ultramarine, 74 Smalts, 27, 30 —— crucibles, 32 —— furnace, 32, 33 —— grinding, 34 Smith’s pitching process for iron pipes, 369 Smoke, condensing, 13, 15, 17 Soda for making ultramarine, 78, 92 —— sulphate from ultramarine, 79 —— ultramarine, 74 Soluble blue, 69 Spanish black, 26 —— white, 246 Square blue, 90 Stack white lead, 185 Stampshaw lamp-black furnace, 21 Stangen-spath, 170 Strontia white, 246 Sulphate ultramarine, 72 Surface for painting, 351 Tannin black, 26 Tar black, 14, 15, 21 Terra alba, 183, 246 —— bolare, 273 —— guilla, 273 Terre verte, 134 Thalwitzer’s lamp-black apparatus, 16 Thénard’s cobalt blue, 28 —— white lead, 184 Tin red, 144 Titanium green, 135 Tobacco-seed oil, 306 Transport, lamp-black, 25 —— paint, 349 Tung oil, 308 Turkey umber, 106 Turnbull’s blue, 70 Ulmin, 105 Ultramarine, 70 —— adulterations, 76 —— ancient treatise on, 94 —— artificial, 71 —— brown, 88 —— Brunner on, 82 —— chemistry, 81 —— colouring principle, 75 —— composition, 81 —— direct crucible process, 87 —— Dollfus on, 84 —— effect of silica, 83 —— Endemann on, 82 —— faults, 100 —— German process, 86 —— Gmelin’s, 81 —— Goppelsröder on, 84 —— green, 73 —— Guimet’s, 81 —— Heyne on, 94 —— history, 80 —— Hoffmann on, 83 —— indirect process, 85 —— levigating, 79 —— Leykauf process, 94 —— McIvor’s, 93 —— natural, 70 —— Nejedly on, 94 —— oxygen in making, 78 —— properties, 76 —— red, 77, 80 —— removing soluble salts, 78 —— resisting alum, 75, 77 —— Ritter on, 82 —— Schülzenberger on, 82 —— silica process, 74 —— soda for, 78, 92 —— —— process, 74 —— —— sulphate from, 79 —— statistics, 91 —— Stein on, 81 —— sulphate process, 72 —— testing, 99 —— uses, 76, 90, 99, 100 —— varieties, 99 —— violet, 77, 79 —— Wilkins on, 81 Umbers, 105, 272 Vandyke brown, 107 Varnishing coaches, 365, 367 Vegetable blacks, 5, 11, 25, 26 Vehicles, 295-338, 365 Venetian red, 150, 153 Verdegris, 135 Verditer, 136 —— blue, 41 Vermilion, 153 —— antimony, 138 —— Chinese, 157 —— Dutch, 167 —— Firmenich’s, 165 —— Fleck’s, 156 —— Jacquelin’s, 168 —— Kirchoff’s, 168 —— Weshle’s, 168 —— works at Idria, 154 Verona earth, 134, 136 Victoria green, 137 Vienna green, 137 Vine-twig black, 11 Violet luminous paint, 291 —— ultramarine, 77, 79 Wagner’s antimony red, 142 Wall painting, 378 Walnut oil, 307 Washing blue, 90 Water-colour painting, 356 Wax vehicles, 296 Weshle’s vermilion, 168 Wetherill furnace, 225 White lead, 183 —— —— adulterations, 195 —— —— characters, 242 —— —— chemistry of, 187, 192, 193, 200 —— —— Condy’s, 197 —— —— cost, 213 —— —— dangers of, 191 —— —— dry, 195 —— —— drying, 191 —— —— Dutch, 185 —— —— French & Hannay’s, 216 —— —— from galena, 225 —— —— Gardner’s, 200 —— —— Hannay’s, 214 —— —— Italian, 221 —— —— lead for, 186 —— —— Lewis’s, 223 —— —— MacIvor’s, 229 —— —— powdered, 195 —— —— precipitated, 194 —— —— stack, 185 —— —— substitutes, 194 —— —— testing, 244 —— —— Thénard’s, 184 —— luminous paint, 286, 290 Whites, 170-256 —— baryta, 170 —— blanc fixe, 172 —— chalk, 246 —— Charlton, 172, 254 —— china clay, 172 —— enamel, 245, 254 —— enamelled, 170, 183 —— English, 183, 246 —— Freeman’s, 224, 254 —— Griffith’s, 251 —— gypsum, 183 —— lead, 183 —— lime, 170, 245 —— lithophone, 245, 247 —— magnesite, 245 —— mineral, 183, 245 —— Orr’s, 245, 254 —— Paris, 246 —— permanent, 170, 246 —— satin, 246 —— Spanish, 246 —— strontia, 246 —— terra alba, 183, 246 —— whiting, 246 —— zinc, 247 Whiting, 246 Wilson’s fume condenser, 216 Wine-lees black, 11 Wood charcoal black, 25 — oil, 308 Woodwork, painting, 368 Working ochre beds, 274 Wright’s paint machinery, 339 Yellow luminous paint, 291 —— prussiate, 50 Yellows, 257-281 —— arsenic, 257, 280 —— aureolin, 257 —— hole, 272 —— cadmium, 258 —— chrome, 258 —— gamboge, 270 —— King’s, 271, 280 —— lakes, 285 —— Naples, 271 —— ochres, 272 —— orpiment, 280 —— realgar, 280 —— umbers, 272 Zaffre, 30 Zinc chromates, 268 —— green, 137 —— oxide, 37, 247 —— sulphide, 250 —— whites, 247 —— —— characters, 255 Zumatic dryer, 318

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.